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Chainitikun S, Espinosa Fernandez JR, Long JP, Iwase T, Kida K, Wang X, Saleem S, Lim B, Valero V, Ueno NT. Pathological complete response of adding targeted therapy to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for inflammatory breast cancer: A systematic review. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250057. [PMID: 33861773 PMCID: PMC8051801 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The current use of targeted therapy plus neoadjuvant chemotherapy for inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is based on data extrapolated from studies in non-IBC. We conducted a systematic review to determine whether neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus targeted therapy results in a higher pathologic complete response (pCR) rate than neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone in patients with IBC. Method and findings This systematic review was registered in the PROSPERO register with registration number CRD42018089465. We searched MEDLINE & PubMed, EMBASE, and EBSCO from December 1998 through July 2020. All English-language clinical studies, both randomized and non-randomized, that evaluated neoadjuvant systemic treatment with or without targeted therapy before definitive surgery and reported the pCR results of IBC patients. First reviewer extracted data and assessed the risk of bias using the Risk of Bias In Non-randomized Studies of Interventions tool. Second reviewer confirmed the accuracy. Studies were divided into 3 groups according to systemic treatment: chemotherapy with targeted therapy, chemotherapy alone, and high-dose chemotherapy with hematopoietic stem cell support (HSCS). Of 995 screened studies, 23 with 1,269 IBC patients met the inclusion criteria. For each of the 3 groups of studies, we computed a weighted average of the pCR rates across all studies with confidence interval (CI). The weighted averages (95% CIs) were as follows: chemotherapy with targeted therapy, 31.6% (26.4%-37.3%), chemotherapy alone, 13.0% (10.3%-16.2%), and high-dose chemotherapy with HSCS, 23.0% (18.7%-27.7%). The high pCR by targeted therapy group came from anti-HER2 therapy, 54.4% (44.3%-64.0%). Key limitations of this study included no randomized clinical studies that included only IBC patients. Conclusion Neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus targeted therapy is more effective than neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone for IBC patients. These findings support current IBC standard practice in particular the use of anti-HER2 targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudpreeda Chainitikun
- Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic and Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jose Rodrigo Espinosa Fernandez
- Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic and Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - James P. Long
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Toshiaki Iwase
- Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic and Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Kumiko Kida
- Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic and Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic and Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sadia Saleem
- Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic and Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Bora Lim
- Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic and Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Vicente Valero
- Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic and Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Naoto T. Ueno
- Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic and Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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TIM3 expression on TILs is associated with poor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced triple-negative breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:357. [PMID: 33823818 PMCID: PMC8025357 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08054-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The expression of immune checkpoint receptors (ICRs) on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) is associated with better response to immunotherapies via immune checkpoint inhibitors. Therefore, we investigated various ICR expressions on TILs in patients with locally advanced triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Methods Expressions of ICRs were examined immunohistochemically in surgical specimens (n = 61) using monoclonal antibodies for PDL-1, PD-1, TIM-3, LAG-3, and CTLA-4. Positivity was defined as staining > 1% on TILs. Results The median age was 49 (24–76) years. The majority of patients were clinically T3–4 (n = 31, 50.8%) and clinically N1–3 (n = 58, 95.1%) before NAC. Of those, 82% were found to have CTLA-4 positivity, whereas PD1, PDL-1, LAG3, and TIM-3 expressions on TILs were 62.3, 50.9, 26.2, and 68.9%. A high expression of CTLA-4 was found to be associated with a better chemotherapy response (OR = 7.94, 95% CI: 0.9–70.12, p = 0.06), whereas TIM-3 positivity was contrarily associated with a worse chemotherapy response (OR = 0.253, 95% CI: 0.066–0.974, p = 0.047) as measured by the MDACC Residual Cancer Burden Index. At a 47-month follow-up, ypN0 (DFS; HR = 0.31, 95% CI: 0.12–0.83, p = 0.02 and DSS; HR = 0.21, 95% CI: 0.07–0.62, p = 0.005) and CTLA-4 high expression on TILs (DFS; HR = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.17–0.85, p = 0.019 and DSS; HR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.15–0.78, p = 0.01) were found to be associated with improved survival. Conclusions These findings demonstrate that CTLA-4, PD-1, PDL-1, and TIM-3 were highly expressed in TNBC. Based on these high expression patterns, further studies directed towards combined therapies are warranted in advanced TNBC in future.
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You KS, Yi YW, Cho J, Seong YS. Dual Inhibition of AKT and MEK Pathways Potentiates the Anti-Cancer Effect of Gefitinib in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1205. [PMID: 33801977 PMCID: PMC8000364 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an unmet medical need for the development of new targeted therapeutic strategies for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). With drug combination screenings, we found that the triple combination of the protein kinase inhibitors (PKIs) of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog (AKT), and MAPK/ERK kinase (MEK) is effective in inducing apoptosis in TNBC cells. A set of PKIs were first screened in combination with gefitinib in the TNBC cell line, MDA-MB-231. The AKT inhibitor, AT7867, was identified and further analyzed in two mesenchymal stem-like (MSL) subtype TNBC cells, MDA-MB-231 and HS578T. A combination of gefitinib and AT7867 reduced the proliferation and long-term survival of MSL TNBC cells. However, gefitinib and AT7867 induced the activation of the rat sarcoma (RAS)/ v-raf-1 murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog (RAF)/MEK/ extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway. To inhibit this pathway, MEK/ERK inhibitors were further screened in MDA-MB-231 cells in the presence of gefitinib and AT7867. As a result, we identified that the MEK inhibitor, PD-0325901, further enhanced the anti-proliferative and anti-clonogenic effects of gefitinib and AT7867 by inducing apoptosis. Our results suggest that the dual inhibition of the AKT and MEK pathways is a novel potential therapeutic strategy for targeting EGFR in TNBC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu Sic You
- Graduate School of Convergence Medical Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea;
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
| | - Yong Weon Yi
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea;
| | - Jeonghee Cho
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea;
| | - Yeon-Sun Seong
- Graduate School of Convergence Medical Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea;
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea;
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Molecular identification, volatile metabolites profiling, and bioactivities of an indigenous endophytic fungus (Diaporthe sp.). Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Antiproliferative activity, enzymatic inhibition and apoptosis-promoting effects of benzoxazole-based hybrids on human breast cancer cells. Bioorg Chem 2021; 109:104752. [PMID: 33657444 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
New benzoxazole derivatives containing 1,3,4-oxadiazole, 1,2,4-triazole or triazolothiadiazine rings were synthesized and screened for their in vitro antiproliferative activities against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines using MTT assay. Doxorubicin, cisplatin and 2-(4-aminophenyl)benzothiazole (CJM 126) were used as references. The most active compounds 7a, 8d, 8e and 10c were screened for their antiproliferative activities against MCF-10A normal breast cells where compounds 8e and 7a were the most selective towards MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines, respectively compared to CJM 126. In vitro enzymatic inhibition assays of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and aromatase (ARO) enzymes were performed. Compound 7a showed inhibition of EGFR comparable to that of erlotinib while compound 8e exhibited nearly half the inhibitory activity of erlotinib towards EGFR and was more potent inhibitor of ARO than letrozole. Caspase-9 activation assay, cell cycle analysis and Annexin-V/ Propidium iodide assay performed for compounds 7a, 8d, 8e and 10c demonstrated over expression of caspase-9 protein level, pre G1 apoptosis and high annexin V binding affinity. Therefore, these compounds are considered as potent apoptosis-promoting agents. The predicted docking studies and in silico chemo-informatic properties of compounds 7a and 8e were appropriate. Compounds 7a and 8e are promising anti-breast cancer agents exhibiting potent apoptosis-promoting properties.
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Jin KT, Chen B, Liu YY, Lan HUR, Yan JP. Monoclonal antibodies and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells in the treatment of colorectal cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:83. [PMID: 33522929 PMCID: PMC7851946 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01763-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Besides common therapeutic approaches, such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, novel therapeutic approaches, including immunotherapy, have been an advent in CRC treatment. The immunotherapy approaches try to elicit patients` immune responses against tumor cells to eradicate the tumor. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells are two branches of cancer immunotherapy. MAbs demonstrate the great ability to completely recognize cancer cell-surface receptors and blockade proliferative or inhibitory pathways. On the other hand, T cell activation by genetically engineered CAR receptor via the TCR/CD3 and costimulatory domains can induce potent immune responses against specific tumor-associated antigens (TAAs). Both of these approaches have beneficial anti-tumor effects on CRC. Herein, we review the different mAbs against various pathways and their applications in clinical trials, the different types of CAR-T cells, various specific CAR-T cells against TAAs, and their clinical use in CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Tao Jin
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hosptial, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Province, Jinhua, 312000, P.R. China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Neurology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Yu-Yao Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hosptial, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Province, Jinhua, 312000, P.R. China
| | - H Uan-Rong Lan
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hosptial, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Province, Jinhua, 312000, P.R. China
| | - Jie-Ping Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, No. 158 Shangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
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Lonic A, Gehling F, Belle L, Li X, Schieber NL, Nguyen EV, Goodall GJ, Parton RG, Daly RJ, Khew-Goodall Y. Phosphorylation of PKCδ by FER tips the balance from EGFR degradation to recycling. J Cell Biol 2021; 220:211661. [PMID: 33411917 PMCID: PMC7797899 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201902073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Receptor degradation terminates signaling by activated receptor tyrosine kinases. Degradation of EGFR occurs in lysosomes and requires the switching of RAB5 for RAB7 on late endosomes to enable their fusion with the lysosome, but what controls this critical switching is poorly understood. We show that the tyrosine kinase FER alters PKCδ function by phosphorylating it on Y374, and that phospho-Y374-PKCδ prevents RAB5 release from nascent late endosomes, thereby inhibiting EGFR degradation and promoting the recycling of endosomal EGFR to the cell surface. The rapid association of phospho-Y374-PKCδ with EGFR-containing endosomes is diminished by PTPN14, which dephosphorylates phospho-Y374-PKCδ. In triple-negative breast cancer cells, the FER-dependent phosphorylation of PKCδ enhances EGFR signaling and promotes anchorage-independent cell growth. Importantly, increased Y374-PKCδ phosphorylation correlating with arrested late endosome maturation was identified in ∼25% of triple-negative breast cancer patients, suggesting that dysregulation of this pathway may contribute to their pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lonic
- Centre for Cancer Biology, An Alliance of SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia,The Discipline of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Freya Gehling
- Centre for Cancer Biology, An Alliance of SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Leila Belle
- Centre for Cancer Biology, An Alliance of SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Xiaochun Li
- Centre for Cancer Biology, An Alliance of SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Nicole L. Schieber
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Elizabeth V. Nguyen
- Cancer Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gregory J. Goodall
- Centre for Cancer Biology, An Alliance of SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia,The Discipline of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia,School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Robert G. Parton
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia,Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Roger J. Daly
- Cancer Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yeesim Khew-Goodall
- Centre for Cancer Biology, An Alliance of SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia,The Discipline of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia,Correspondence to Yeesim Khew-Goodall:
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Zhu Z, Yuan J, Xu X, Wei Y, Yang B, Zhao H. Eucannabinolide, a novel sesquiterpene lactone, suppresses the growth, metastasis and BCSCS-like traits of TNBC via inactivation of STAT3. Neoplasia 2021; 23:36-48. [PMID: 33217668 PMCID: PMC7683293 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2020.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is an important therapeutic target to triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) treatment. In the present study, we aim to investigate the potential activity of Eucannabinolide (Euc), a novel sesquiterpene lactone separated from Eupatorium cannabinum Linn. against TNBC by targeting STAT3 and expect that Euc will be developed as an inhibitor of STAT3 in the treatment of TNBC. We found that Euc effectively suppressed STAT3 activation at tyrosine 705, inhibited its translocation to nucleus, and decreased its DNA binding capacity. Moreover, introduction of STAT3-short hairpin RNAs or STAT3 inhibitor S3I-201 attenuates the Euc-induced inhibition of cell viability. And, Euc inhibited cell viability, proliferation, metastasis and breast cancer stem cell-like traits but did not induce cytotoxicity in human mammary epithelial cells. The in vivo study similarly demonstrated that administration of Euc inhibited the growth of xenograft tumors and impaired tumor metastasis of a lung metastasis model. The above phenomena were associated with STAT3 dysfunction induced by Euc. In conclusion, Euc elicits the effects of anti-proliferation, anti-metastasis and anti-breast cancer stem cell-like traits in TNBC via targeting STAT3. These data highlight that development of Euc as a STAT3 inhibitor may offer a promising therapeutic strategy for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingtao Yuan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xintong Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yingying Wei
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bo Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Huajun Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Overview of New Treatments with Immunotherapy for Breast Cancer and a Proposal of a Combination Therapy. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25235686. [PMID: 33276556 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
According to data from the U.S. National Cancer Institute, cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide with approximately 14 million new cases and 8.2 million cancer-related deaths in 2018. More than 60% of the new annual cases in the world occur in Africa, Asia, Central America, and South America, with 70% of cancer deaths in these regions. Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women, with 266,120 new cases in American women and an estimated 40,920 deaths for 2018. Approximately one in six women diagnosed with breast cancer will die in the coming years. Recently, novel therapeutic strategies have been implemented in the fight against breast cancer, including molecules able to block signaling pathways, an inhibitor of poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase (PARP), growth receptor blocker antibodies, or those that reactivate the immune system by inhibiting the activities of inhibitory receptors like cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed death protein 1 (PD-1). However, novel targets include reactivating the Th1 immune response, changing tumor microenvironment, and co-activation of other components of the immune response such as natural killer cells and CD8+ T cells among others. In this article, we review advances in the treatment of breast cancer focused essentially on immunomodulatory drugs in targeted cancer therapy. Based on this knowledge, we formulate a proposal for the implementation of combined therapy using an extracorporeal immune response reactivation model and cytokines plus modulating antibodies for co-activation of the Th1- and natural killer cell (NK)-dependent immune response, either in situ or through autologous cell therapy. The implementation of "combination immunotherapy" is new hope in breast cancer treatment. Therefore, we consider the coordinated activation of each cell of the immune response that would probably produce better outcomes. Although more research is required, the results recently achieved by combination therapy suggest that for most, if not all, cancer patients, this tailored therapy may become a realistic approach in the near future.
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Abdollahzadeh F, Nejatollahi F. Anti-Proliferative Effect of Specific Anti-EGFR Single Chain Antibody on Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Rep Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 9:180-187. [PMID: 33178867 DOI: 10.29252/rbmb.9.2.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Background Targeted therapy is an important treatment strategy that is widely used for cancer therapy. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is overexpressed in a significant percentage of Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients. Although Cetuximab, which targets EGFR, has shown some inhibitory effects on TNBC cells, Cetuximab resistance cases due to ligand-independent activating mutations in the EGFR gene limit its application. Due to various benefits of single chain antibodies (scFvs), the use of these antibodies in cancer targeted therapy is increasing. In this study, a specific anti-EGFR antibody was isolated and evaluated. Methods Panning procedure was used against an immunodominant epitope of EGFR in its dimerization arm using a diverse phage library. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and fingerprinting were applied to identify the specific clones. The MTT tetrazolium assay was performed to evaluate the inhibitory effects of selected anti- EGFR scFv phage antibody on MDA-MB-468, a TNBC cell line. Results After four round of panning, one dominant pattern was observed in DNA fingerprinting with frequency of 85%. The growth of MDA-MB-468 cells was decreased dose-dependently after treatment with anti-EGFR scFv phage antibody. No significant inhibitory effect of M13KO7 helper phage as negative control on the cell growth of MDA-MB-468 was observed (p> 0.05). Conclusion The selected anti-EGFR scFv with high anti proliferative effect on TNBC cells offers an effective alternative for TNBC targeted therapy. The antibody, which binds to the dimerization arm of EGFR and inhibits EGFR dimerization, could also overcome TNBC cases with Cetuximab resistance due to ligandindependent activating mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forough Abdollahzadeh
- Recombinant antibody laboratory, Department of Immunology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Foroogh Nejatollahi
- Shiraz HIV/AIDS Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Shiraz HIV/AIDS Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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A novel prognostic two-gene signature for triple negative breast cancer. Mod Pathol 2020; 33:2208-2220. [PMID: 32404959 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-020-0563-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The absence of a robust risk stratification tool for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) underlies imprecise and nonselective treatment of these patients with cytotoxic chemotherapy. This study aimed to interrogate transcriptomes of TNBC resected samples using next generation sequencing to identify novel biomarkers associated with disease outcomes. A subset of cases (n = 112) from a large, well-characterized cohort of primary TNBC (n = 333) were subjected to RNA-sequencing. Reads were aligned to the human reference genome (GRCH38.83) using the STAR aligner and gene expression quantified using HTSEQ. We identified genes associated with distant metastasis-free survival and breast cancer-specific survival by applying supervised artificial neural network analysis with gene selection to the RNA-sequencing data. The prognostic ability of these genes was validated using the Breast Cancer Gene-Expression Miner v4. 0 and Genotype 2 outcome datasets. Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified a prognostic gene signature that was independently associated with poor prognosis. Finally, we corroborated our results from the two-gene prognostic signature by their protein expression using immunohistochemistry. Artificial neural network identified two gene panels that strongly predicted distant metastasis-free survival and breast cancer-specific survival. Univariate Cox regression analysis of 21 genes common to both panels revealed that the expression level of eight genes was independently associated with poor prognosis (p < 0.05). Adjusting for clinicopathological factors including patient's age, grade, nodal stage, tumor size, and lymphovascular invasion using multivariate Cox regression analysis yielded a two-gene prognostic signature (ACSM4 and SPDYC), which was associated with poor prognosis (p < 0.05) independent of other prognostic variables. We validated the protein expression of these two genes, and it was significantly associated with patient outcome in both independent and combined manner (p < 0.05). Our study identifies a prognostic gene signature that can predict prognosis in TNBC patients and could potentially be used to guide the clinical management of TNBC patients.
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Trusler O, Goodwin J, Laslett AL. BRCA1 and BRCA2 associated breast cancer and the roles of current modelling systems in drug discovery. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1875:188459. [PMID: 33129865 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
For a drug candidate to be fully developed takes years and investment of hundreds of millions of dollars. There is no doubt that drug development is difficult and risky, but vital to protecting against devastating disease. This difficulty is clearly evident in BRCA1 and BRCA2 related breast cancer, with current treatment options largely confined to invasive surgical procedures, as well as chemotherapy and radiotherapy regimes which damage healthy tissue and can leave remnant disease. Consequently, patient survival and relapse rates are far from ideal, and new candidate treatments are needed. The preclinical stages of drug discovery are crucial to get right for translation to hospital beds. Disease models must take advantage of current technologies and be accurate for rapid and translatable treatments. Careful selection of cell lines must be coupled with high throughput techniques, with promising results trialled further in highly accurate humanised patient derived xenograft models. Traditional adherent drug screening should transition to 3D culture systems amenable to high throughput techniques if the gap between in vitro and in vivo studies is to be partially bridged. The possibility of organoid, induced pluripotent stem cell, and conditionally reprogrammed in vitro models is tantalising, however protocols are yet to be fully established. This review of BRCA1 and BRCA2 cancer biology and current modelling systems will hopefully guide the design of future drug discovery endeavours and highlight areas requiring improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Trusler
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia; Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Jacob Goodwin
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia; Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Andrew L Laslett
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia; Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia.
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Marra A, Trapani D, Viale G, Criscitiello C, Curigliano G. Practical classification of triple-negative breast cancer: intratumoral heterogeneity, mechanisms of drug resistance, and novel therapies. NPJ Breast Cancer 2020; 6:54. [PMID: 33088912 PMCID: PMC7568552 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-020-00197-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is not a unique disease, encompassing multiple entities with marked histopathological, transcriptomic and genomic heterogeneity. Despite several efforts, transcriptomic and genomic classifications have remained merely theoretic and most of the patients are being treated with chemotherapy. Driver alterations in potentially targetable genes, including PIK3CA and AKT, have been identified across TNBC subtypes, prompting the implementation of biomarker-driven therapeutic approaches. However, biomarker-based treatments as well as immune checkpoint inhibitor-based immunotherapy have provided contrasting and limited results so far. Accordingly, a better characterization of the genomic and immune contexture underpinning TNBC, as well as the translation of the lessons learnt in the metastatic disease to the early setting would improve patients' outcomes. The application of multi-omics technologies, biocomputational algorithms, assays for minimal residual disease monitoring and novel clinical trial designs are strongly warranted to pave the way toward personalized anticancer treatment for patients with TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Marra
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti, 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Haemato-Oncology, University of Milano, Via Festa del Perdono, 7, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Dario Trapani
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti, 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Viale
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti, 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Carmen Criscitiello
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti, 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Curigliano
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti, 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Haemato-Oncology, University of Milano, Via Festa del Perdono, 7, 20122 Milan, Italy
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64
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Duffy C, Sorolla A, Wang E, Golden E, Woodward E, Davern K, Ho D, Johnstone E, Pfleger K, Redfern A, Iyer KS, Baer B, Blancafort P. Honeybee venom and melittin suppress growth factor receptor activation in HER2-enriched and triple-negative breast cancer. NPJ Precis Oncol 2020; 4:24. [PMID: 32923684 PMCID: PMC7463160 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-020-00129-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite decades of study, the molecular mechanisms and selectivity of the biomolecular components of honeybee (Apis mellifera) venom as anticancer agents remain largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that honeybee venom and its major component melittin potently induce cell death, particularly in the aggressive triple-negative and HER2-enriched breast cancer subtypes. Honeybee venom and melittin suppress the activation of EGFR and HER2 by interfering with the phosphorylation of these receptors in the plasma membrane of breast carcinoma cells. Mutational studies reveal that a positively charged C-terminal melittin sequence mediates plasma membrane interaction and anticancer activity. Engineering of an RGD motif further enhances targeting of melittin to malignant cells with minimal toxicity to normal cells. Lastly, administration of melittin enhances the effect of docetaxel in suppressing breast tumor growth in an allograft model. Our work unveils a molecular mechanism underpinning the anticancer selectivity of melittin, and outlines treatment strategies to target aggressive breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciara Duffy
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009 Australia.,Cancer Epigenetics Group, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, WA 6009 Australia.,Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009 Australia.,Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009 Australia
| | - Anabel Sorolla
- Cancer Epigenetics Group, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, WA 6009 Australia.,Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009 Australia
| | - Edina Wang
- Cancer Epigenetics Group, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, WA 6009 Australia.,Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009 Australia
| | - Emily Golden
- Cancer Epigenetics Group, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, WA 6009 Australia.,Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009 Australia
| | - Eleanor Woodward
- Cancer Epigenetics Group, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, WA 6009 Australia.,Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009 Australia
| | - Kathleen Davern
- Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009 Australia.,Monoclonal Antibody (MAb) Facility, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, WA 6009 Australia
| | - Diwei Ho
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009 Australia
| | - Elizabeth Johnstone
- Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009 Australia.,Molecular Endocrinology and Pharmacology, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, WA 6009 Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Perth, Australia
| | - Kevin Pfleger
- Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009 Australia.,Molecular Endocrinology and Pharmacology, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, WA 6009 Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Perth, Australia.,Dimerix Limited; Nedlands, Perth, WA 6009 Australia
| | - Andrew Redfern
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009 Australia
| | - K Swaminathan Iyer
- Monoclonal Antibody (MAb) Facility, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, WA 6009 Australia
| | - Boris Baer
- Centre for Integrative Bee Research (CIBER), Department of Entomology; University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA
| | - Pilar Blancafort
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009 Australia.,Cancer Epigenetics Group, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, WA 6009 Australia.,Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009 Australia.,The Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA
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65
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Lotfinejad P, Kazemi T, Mokhtarzadeh A, Shanehbandi D, Jadidi Niaragh F, Safaei S, Asadi M, Baradaran B. PD-1/PD-L1 axis importance and tumor microenvironment immune cells. Life Sci 2020; 259:118297. [PMID: 32822718 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is heterogeneous cancer with poor prognosis among the other breast tumors. Rapid recurrence and increased progression rate could be reasons for the poor prognosis of this type of breast cancer. Recently, because of the lack of specific targets in multiple cancer treatment, immune checkpoint blockade therapies with targeting PD-1/PD-L1 axis have displayed significant advances and improved survival. Among different types of breast cancers, TNBC is considered more immunogenic with high T-cell and other immune cells infiltration compared to other breast cancer subtypes. This immunogenic characteristic of TNBC is a beneficial marker in the immunotherapy of these tumors. Clinical studies with a focus on immune checkpoint therapy have demonstrated promising results in TNBC treatment. In this review, we summarize clinical trials with the immunotherapy-based treatment of different cancers and also discuss the interaction between infiltrating immune cells and breast tumor microenvironment. In addition, we focus on the signaling pathway that controls PD-L1 expression and continues with CAR T-cell therapy and siRNA as novel strategies and potential tools in targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Lotfinejad
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Tohid Kazemi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Dariush Shanehbandi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farhad Jadidi Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sahar Safaei
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Milad Asadi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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66
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Iqbal MA, Chattopadhyay S, Siddiqui FA, Ur Rehman A, Siddiqui S, Prakasam G, Khan A, Sultana S, Bamezai RN. Silibinin induces metabolic crisis in triple-negative breast cancer cells by modulating EGFR-MYC-TXNIP axis: potential therapeutic implications. FEBS J 2020; 288:471-485. [PMID: 32356386 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive form of breast cancer with limited treatment modalities and poor prognosis. Metabolic reprogramming in cancer is considered a hallmark of therapeutic relevance. Here, we report disruption of metabolic reprogramming in TNBC cells by silibinin via modulation of EGFR-MYC-TXNIP signaling. Metabolic assays combined with LC-MS-based metabolomics revealed inhibition of glycolysis and other key biosynthetic pathways by silibinin, to induce metabolic catastrophe in TNBC cells. Silibinin-induced metabolic suppression resulted in decreased cell biomass, proliferation, and stem cell properties. Mechanistically, we identify EGFR-MYC-TXNIP as an important regulator of TNBC metabolism and mediator of inhibitory effects of silibinin. Highlighting the clinical relevance of our observations, the analysis of METABRIC dataset revealed deregulation of EGFR-MYC-TXNIP axis in TNBC and association of EGFRhigh -MYChigh -TXNIPlow signature with aggressive glycolytic metabolism and poor disease-specific and metastasis-free survival. Importantly, combination treatment of silibinin or 2-deoxyglucose (glycolysis inhibitor) with paclitaxel synergistically inhibited proliferation of TNBC cells. Together, our results highlight the importance of EGFR-MYC-TXNIP axis in regulating TNBC metabolism, demonstrate the anti-TNBC activity of silibinin, and argue in favor of targeting metabolic vulnerabilities of TNBC, at least in combination with mainstay chemotherapeutic drugs, to effectively treat TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Askandar Iqbal
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, India
| | - Shilpi Chattopadhyay
- Department of Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard (Deemed University), New Delhi, India
| | - Farid Ahmad Siddiqui
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, India.,Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Abo Akademi, Biocity, Finland
| | - Asad Ur Rehman
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, India.,Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, India
| | - Shumaila Siddiqui
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, India
| | - Gopinath Prakasam
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Asifa Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, India.,Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, India
| | - Sarwat Sultana
- Department of Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard (Deemed University), New Delhi, India
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67
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Abstract
Over sixty percent of all mammalian protein-coding genes are estimated to be regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs), and unsurprisingly miRNA dysregulation has been linked with cancer. Aberrant miRNA expression in cancer cells has been linked with tumourigenesis and drug resistance. In the past decade, increasing number of studies have demonstrated that cholesterol accumulation fuels tumour growth and contributes to drug resistance, therefore, miRNAs controlling cholesterol metabolism and homeostasis are obvious hypothetical targets for investigating their role in cholesterol-mediated drug resistance in cancer. In this review, we have collated published evidences to consolidate this hypothesis and have scrutinized it by utilizing computational tools to explore the role of miRNAs in cholesterol-mediated drug resistance in breast cancer cells. We found that hsa-miR-128 and hsa-miR-223 regulate genes mediating lipid signalling and cholesterol metabolism, cancer drug resistance and breast cancer genes. The analysis demonstrates that targeting these miRNAs in cancer cells presents an opportunity for developing new strategies to combat anticancer drug resistance.
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68
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Reddy TP, Choi DS, Anselme AC, Qian W, Chen W, Lantto J, Horak ID, Kragh M, Chang JC, Rosato RR. Simultaneous targeting of HER family pro-survival signaling with Pan-HER antibody mixture is highly effective in TNBC: a preclinical trial with PDXs. Breast Cancer Res 2020; 22:48. [PMID: 32414394 PMCID: PMC7227035 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-020-01280-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) family, notably EGFR, is overexpressed in most triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cases and provides cancer cells with compensatory signals that greatly contribute to the survival and development of resistance in response to therapy. This study investigated the effects of Pan-HER (Symphogen, Ballerup, Denmark), a novel mixture of six monoclonal antibodies directed against members of the HER family EGFR, HER2, and HER3, in a preclinical trial of TNBC patient-derived xenografts (PDXs). METHODS Fifteen low passage TNBC PDX tumor samples were transferred into the right mammary fat pad of mice for engraftment. When tumors reached an average size of 100-200 mm3, mice were randomized (n ≥ 6 per group) and treated following three 1-week cycles consisting of three times/week intraperitoneal (IP) injection of either formulation buffer (vehicle control) or Pan-HER (50 mg/kg). At the end of treatment, tumors were collected for Western blot, RNA, and immunohistochemistry analyses. RESULTS All 15 TNBC PDXs were responsive to Pan-HER treatment, showing significant reductions in tumor growth consistent with Pan-HER-mediated tumor downmodulation of EGFR and HER3 protein levels and significantly decreased activation of associated HER family signaling pathways AKT and ERK. Tumor regression was observed in five of the models, which corresponded to those PDX tumor models with the highest level of HER family activation. CONCLUSIONS The marked effect of Pan-HER in numerous HER family-dependent TNBC PDX models justifies further studies of Pan-HER in TNBC clinical trials as a potential therapeutic option.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Disease Models, Animal
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- ErbB Receptors/antagonists & inhibitors
- ErbB Receptors/genetics
- ErbB Receptors/metabolism
- Female
- Humans
- Mice
- Molecular Targeted Therapy
- Mutation
- Receptor, ErbB-2/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, ErbB-2/genetics
- Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
- Receptor, ErbB-3/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, ErbB-3/genetics
- Receptor, ErbB-3/metabolism
- Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejaswini P Reddy
- Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine, Bryan, TX, 77807, USA
| | - Dong S Choi
- Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ann C Anselme
- Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine, Bryan, TX, 77807, USA
| | - Wei Qian
- Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Wen Chen
- Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Johan Lantto
- Symphogen A/S, Pederstrupvej 93, DK-2750, Ballerup, Denmark
| | - Ivan D Horak
- Symphogen A/S, Pederstrupvej 93, DK-2750, Ballerup, Denmark
| | - Michael Kragh
- Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine, Bryan, TX, 77807, USA
| | - Jenny C Chang
- Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Roberto R Rosato
- Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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69
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Akt-targeted therapy as a promising strategy to overcome drug resistance in breast cancer - A comprehensive review from chemotherapy to immunotherapy. Pharmacol Res 2020; 156:104806. [PMID: 32294525 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most frequently occurring cancer in women. Chemotherapy in combination with immunotherapy has been used to treat breast cancer. Atezolizumab targeting the protein programmed cell death-ligand (PD-L1) in combination with paclitaxel was recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC), the most incurable type of breast cancer. However, the use of such drugs is restricted by genotype and is effective only for those TNBC patients expressing PD-L1. In addition, resistance to chemotherapy with drugs such as lapatinib, geftinib, and tamoxifen can develop. In this review, we address chemoresistance in breast cancer and discuss Akt as the master regulator of drug resistance and several oncogenic mechanisms in breast cancer. Akt not only directly interacts with the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase signaling pathway to affect PD-L1 expression, but also has crosstalk with Notch and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways involved in cell migration and breast cancer stem cell integrity. In this review, we discuss the effects of tyrosine kinase inhibitors on Akt activation as well as the mechanism of Akt signaling in drug resistance. Akt also has a crucial role in mitochondrial metabolism and migrates into mitochondria to remodel breast cancer cell metabolism while also functioning in responses to hypoxic conditions. The Akt inhibitors ipatasertib, capivasertib, uprosertib, and MK-2206 not only suppress cancer cell proliferation and metastasis, but may also inhibit cytokine regulation and PD-L1 expression. Ipatasertib and uprosertib are undergoing clinical investigation to treat TNBC. Inhibition of Akt and its regulators can be used to control breast cancer progression and also immunosuppression, while discovery of additional compounds that target Akt and its modulators could provide solutions to resistance to chemotherapy and immunotherapy.
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70
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Lee MML, Chan BD, Wong WY, Qu Z, Chan MS, Leung TW, Lin Y, Mok DKW, Chen S, Tai WCS. Anti-cancer Activity of Centipeda minima Extract in Triple Negative Breast Cancer via Inhibition of AKT, NF-κB, and STAT3 Signaling Pathways. Front Oncol 2020; 10:491. [PMID: 32328465 PMCID: PMC7160338 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in females worldwide. Estimates from the World Health Organization (WHO) International Agency for Research on Cancer, suggest that globally, there were around 2.1 million new breast cancer cases and 627,000 deaths due to breast cancer in 2018. Among the subtypes of breast cancer, triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive and carries the poorest prognosis, largest recurrence, and lowest survival rate. Major treatment options for TNBC patients are mainly constrained to chemotherapy, which can be accompanied by severe side effects. Therefore, development of novel and effective anti-cancer drugs for the treatment of TNBC are urgently required. Centipeda minima is a well-known traditional Chinese herbal medicine that has historically been used to treat rhinitis, sinusitis, relieve pain, and reduce swelling. Recent studies have shown that Centipeda minima exhibited efficacy against certain cancers, however, to date, no studies have been conducted on its effects in breast cancer. Here, we aimed to investigate the anti-cancer activity of the total extract of Centipeda minima (CME), and its underlying mechanism, in TNBC. In MDA-MB-231, we found that CME could significantly reduce cell viability and proliferation, induce apoptosis and inhibit cancer cell migration and invasion, in a dose and time-dependent manner. We showed that CME may potentially act via inhibition of multiple signaling pathways, including the EGFR, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, NF-κB, and STAT3 pathways. Treatment with CME also led to in vitro downregulation of MMP-9 activity and inhibition of metastasis. Further, we demonstrated that CME could significantly reduce tumor burden in MDA-MB-231 xenograft mice, without any appreciable side effects. Based on our findings, CME is a promising candidate for development as a therapeutic with high efficacy against TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnolia Muk-Lan Lee
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Brandon Dow Chan
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing-Yan Wong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhao Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Man-Sum Chan
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tsz-Wing Leung
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yushan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Daniel Kam-Wah Mok
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Sibao Chen
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.,Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - William Chi-Shing Tai
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
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71
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Is vimentin a potential prognostic factor for patients with triple-negative breast cancer? J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2020; 146:2109-2116. [PMID: 32266539 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-020-03210-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prognostic potential of vimentin, p53, EGFR, CK5/6, CK 14, and CK 17 in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). MATERIAL AND METHODS Tumor specimens of 60 patients with histologically confirmed TNBC were retrospectively analyzed. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded blocks of the tumor tissue were used to prepare tissue microarrays (TMAs). After immune-histochemical staining, protein expression of vimentin, p53, EGFR, CK5/6, CK 14, and CK 17 was determined and the immunoreactive score (IRS) was calculated. The protein expression was correlated to overall (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). RESULTS Ninety percent of patients suffered from an invasive ductal carcinoma T1 or T2, 66.7% were N0, and 70% had a G3 tumor with Ki67 of > 14%. Vimentin expression was found in 28/60 patients (46.7%), p53 expression in 30/60 patients (50%), and EGFR expression in 3/60 patients (5%). CK5/6, CK14, and CK17 expression was found in 60.0%, 63.3%, and 66.7%, respectively. Vimentin expression vs no expression was associated with significantly higher mean Ki67 values (52.5% vs. 31.1%; p = 0.0013) and significantly higher p53 expression (67.9% vs. 34.4%; p = 0.0097). No significant association between vimentin expression and OS (p = 0.7710) or DFS (p = 0.5558) was found during a mean follow-up of 92 months. CONCLUSION None of the six proteins proved to be suitable prognostic factors for OS and DSF in patients with TNBC.
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Xin X, Wen T, Gong LB, Deng MM, Hou KZ, Xu L, Shi S, Qu XJ, Liu YP, Che XF, Teng YE. Inhibition of FEN1 Increases Arsenic Trioxide-Induced ROS Accumulation and Cell Death: Novel Therapeutic Potential for Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:425. [PMID: 32318339 PMCID: PMC7147381 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer, which is very difficult to treat and commonly develops resistance to chemotherapy. The following study investigated whether the inhibition of Flap Endonuclease 1 (FEN1) expression, the key enzyme in the base excision repair (BER) pathway, could improve the anti-tumor effect of arsenic trioxide (ATO), which is a reactive oxygen species (ROS) inducer. Our data showed that ATO could increase the expression of FEN1, and the knockdown of FEN1 could significantly enhance the sensitivity of TNBC cells to ATO both in vitro and in vivo. Further mechanism studies revealed that silencing FEN1 in combination with low doses of ATO might increase intracellular ROS and reduce glutathione (GSH) levels, by reducing the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2); elevating ROS leaded to apoptosis and p38 and JNK pathway activating. In conclusion, our study suggested the combination of FEN1 knockdown and ATO could induce TNBC cell death by promoting ROS production. FEN1 knockdown can effectively decrease the application concentrations of ATO, thus providing a possibility for the treatment of TNBC with ATO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Xin
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ti Wen
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Li-Bao Gong
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ming-Ming Deng
- Department of Respiratory and Infectious Disease of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ke-Zuo Hou
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lu Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Sha Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiu-Juan Qu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yun-Peng Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Che
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yue-E Teng
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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73
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Jagadish N, Devi S, Gupta N, Suri V, Suri A. Knockdown of A-kinase anchor protein 4 inhibits proliferation of triple-negative breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Tumour Biol 2020; 42:1010428320914477. [PMID: 32342732 DOI: 10.1177/1010428320914477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancers are the most aggressive subtypes with poor prognosis due to lack of targeted cancer therapy. Recently, we reported an association of A-kinase anchor protein 4 expression with various clinico-pathological parameters of breast cancer patients. In this context, we examined the effect of knockdown of A-kinase anchor protein 4 on cell cycle, apoptosis, cellular proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion in triple-negative breast cancer cells. We also examined the synergistic cytotoxic effect of paclitaxel on A-kinase anchor protein 4 downregulated triple-negative breast cancer cells. Knockdown of A-kinase anchor protein 4 resulted in significant reduction in cellular growth and migratory abilities. Interestingly, we also observed enhanced cell death in A-kinase anchor protein 4 downregulated cells treated with paclitaxel. Knockdown of A-kinase anchor protein 4 in cell cycle resulted in G0/G1 phase arrest. Knockdown of A-kinase anchor protein 4 also led to increased reactive oxygen species generation as a result of upregulation of NOXA and CHOP. In addition, levels of cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases, anti-apoptotic molecules, and mesenchymal markers were reduced in A-kinase anchor protein 4 downregulated cells. Moreover, downregulation of A-kinase anchor protein 4 also caused tumor growth reduction in in vivo studies. These data together suggest that A-kinase anchor protein 4 downregulation inhibits various malignant properties and enhances the cytotoxic effect of paclitaxel, and this combinatorial approach could be useful for triple-negative breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirmala Jagadish
- Cancer Research Program, Cancer Microarray, Genes and Proteins Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India
| | - Sonika Devi
- Cancer Research Program, Cancer Microarray, Genes and Proteins Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India
| | - Namita Gupta
- Cancer Research Program, Cancer Microarray, Genes and Proteins Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India
| | - Vitusha Suri
- Mahatma Gandhi Medical College & Hospital, Jaipur, India
- SMS Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur, India
| | - Anil Suri
- Cancer Research Program, Cancer Microarray, Genes and Proteins Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India
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74
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Rosemary Extract Inhibits Proliferation, Survival, Akt, and mTOR Signaling in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030810. [PMID: 32012648 PMCID: PMC7037743 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women. Triple-negative (TN) breast cancer lacks expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) as well as the expression and/or gene amplification of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). TN breast cancer is aggressive and does not respond to hormone therapy, therefore new treatments are urgently needed. Plant-derived chemicals have contributed to the establishment of chemotherapy agents. In previous studies, rosemary extract (RE) has been found to reduce cell proliferation and increase apoptosis in some cancer cell lines. However, there are very few studies examining the effects of RE in TN breast cancer. In the present study, we examined the effects of RE on TN MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell proliferation, survival/apoptosis, Akt, and mTOR signaling. RE inhibited MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation and survival in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, RE inhibited the phosphorylation/activation of Akt and mTOR and enhanced the cleavage of PARP, a marker of apoptosis. Our findings indicate that RE has potent anticancer properties against TN breast cancer and modulates key signaling molecules involved in cell proliferation and survival.
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75
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Omar AMME, AboulWafa OM, El-Shoukrofy MS, Amr ME. Benzoxazole derivatives as new generation of anti-breast cancer agents. Bioorg Chem 2020; 96:103593. [PMID: 32004897 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
New 2-substituted benzoxazole derivatives were synthesized and screened for their in vitro anti-proliferative activities against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. Compounds 4b, 4d and 11c eliciting the highest activity against MCF-7 cells were further assayed for their cytotoxic activities against A431 and HCC827 cancer cells in addition to their in vitro inhibition of wild and mutated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) enzymes. Compound 11c was the most active against A431 cells and it displayed a potent inhibition of EGFRWT while compounds 4b and 4d elicited higher potencies than erlotinib against mutated EGFRL858R. Compounds 4a, 6c and 8a showed the most potent cytotoxic activity against MDA-MB-231 cancer cells where compounds 4a and 6c were slightly less potent aromatase (ARO) inhibitors than letrozole. MCF-7 cells treated with compounds 4b, 4d, 11c and MDA-MB-231 cells treated with compounds 4a, 6c and 8a showed remarkable over-expression of caspase-9 protein level and elicited pre G1 apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase in addition to high annexin V binding affinity indicating significant apoptosis. Chemo-informatic and docking properties were also predicted. Docking results revealed that docked compounds displayed binding modes with EGFR and ARO enzymes comparable to that of the reference ligands. The benzoxazole derivatives 11c and 6c possessing amide and dithiocarbamate moieties respectively were found to be potent apoptosis-inducing anti-breast cancer agents with acceptable physicochemical properties. They exert their activity via inhibition of EGFR and ARO enzymes respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-Mohsen M E Omar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 21521 Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Omaima M AboulWafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 21521 Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mai S El-Shoukrofy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 21521 Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Mai E Amr
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 21521 Alexandria, Egypt
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76
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Huang M, Wu J, Ling R, Li N. Quadruple negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer 2020; 27:527-533. [PMID: 31939077 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-020-01047-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Quadruple negative breast cancer (QNBC), lacking the expression of ER (estrogen receptor), PR (progesterone receptor), HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor-2) and AR (androgen receptor), was regarded as one breast cancer subtype with the worst prognosis. Recently, the molecular features of QNBC are not well understood. Different from AR-positive triple-negative breast cancer, QNBC is insensitive to conventional chemotherapeutic agents and has no efficient treatment targets. However, QNBC has been shown to express unique proteins that may be amenable to use in the development of targeted therapies. Here we reviewed the features of QNBC and proteins that may serve as effective targets for QNBC treatment, such as ACSL4, SKP2, immune checkpoint inhibitors, EGFR, MicroRNA signatures and Engrailed 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Huang
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jiang Wu
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Rui Ling
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Nanlin Li
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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77
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Integrating context of tumor biology and vaccine design to shape multidimensional immunotherapies. FUTURE DRUG DISCOVERY 2020. [DOI: 10.4155/fdd-2019-0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in cancer therapy have offered great promise but only modest clinical benefits as monotherapies to date. Patients usually respond well to therapies targeted at specific mutations, but only for a short time. Conversely, immunotherapies help fewer patients, but increase survival. Combination therapies, which could offer the best of both worlds, are currently limited by substantial toxicity. While recent advances in genomics and proteomics have yielded an unprecedented depth of enabling datasets, it has also shifted the focus toward in silico predictions. Designing the next wave of multidimensional immunotherapies will require leveraging this knowledge while providing a renewed emphasis on tumor biology and vaccine design. This includes careful selection of tumor clinical stage in the context of pre-existing tumor microenvironments, target antigen and technology platform selections to maximize their effect, and treatment staging. Here, we review strategies on how to approach an increasingly complex landscape of immunotherapeutic agents for use in combination therapies.
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78
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Disulfide bond-disrupting agents activate the tumor necrosis family-related apoptosis-inducing ligand/death receptor 5 pathway. Cell Death Discov 2019; 5:153. [PMID: 31839995 PMCID: PMC6904486 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-019-0228-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Disulfide bond-disrupting agents (DDAs) are a new chemical class of agents recently shown to have activity against breast tumors in animal models. Blockade of tumor growth is associated with downregulation of EGFR, HER2, and HER3 and reduced Akt phosphorylation, as well as the induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress. However, it is not known how DDAs trigger cancer cell death without affecting nontransformed cells. As demonstrated here, DDAs are the first compounds identified that upregulate the TRAIL receptor DR5 through transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms to activate the extrinsic cell death pathway. At the protein level, DDAs alter DR5 disulfide bonding to increase steady-state DR5 levels and oligomerization, leading to downstream caspase 8 and 3 activation. DDAs and TRAIL synergize to kill cancer cells and are cytotoxic to HER2+ cancer cells with acquired resistance to the EGFR/HER2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor Lapatinib. Investigation of the mechanisms responsible for DDA selectivity for cancer cells reveals that DDA-induced upregulation of DR5 is enhanced in the context of EGFR overexpression. DDA-induced cytotoxicity is strongly amplified by MYC overexpression. This is consistent with the known potentiation of TRAIL-mediated cell death by MYC. Together, the results demonstrate selective DDA lethality against oncogene-transformed cells, DDA-mediated DR5 upregulation, and protein stabilization, and that DDAs have activity against drug-resistant cancer cells. Our results indicate that DDAs are unique in causing DR5 accumulation and oligomerization and inducing downstream caspase activation and cancer cell death through mechanisms involving altered DR5 disulfide bonding. DDAs thus represent a new therapeutic approach to cancer therapy.
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79
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Ho-Pun-Cheung A, Bazin H, Boissière-Michot F, Mollevi C, Simony-Lafontaine J, Landas E, Bleuse JP, Chardès T, Prost JF, Pèlegrin A, Jacot W, Mathis G, Lopez-Crapez E. Quantification of HER1, HER2 and HER3 by time-resolved Förster resonance energy transfer in FFPE triple-negative breast cancer samples. Br J Cancer 2019; 122:397-404. [PMID: 31792349 PMCID: PMC7000684 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-019-0670-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has a worse prognosis compared with other breast cancer subtypes, and biomarkers to identify patients at high risk of recurrence are needed. Here, we investigated the expression of human epidermal receptor (HER) family members in TNBC and evaluated their potential as biomarkers of recurrence. Methods We developed Time Resolved-Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (TR-FRET) assays to quantify HER1, HER2 and HER3 in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumour tissues. After assessing the performance and precision of our assays, we quantified HER protein expression in 51 TNBC specimens, and investigated the association of their expression with relapse-free survival. Results The assays were quantitative, accurate, and robust. In TNBC specimens, HER1 levels ranged from ≈4000 to more than 2 million receptors per cell, whereas HER2 levels varied from ≈1000 to 60,000 receptors per cell. HER3 expression was very low (less than 5500 receptors per cell in all samples). Moderate HER2 expression was significantly associated with higher risk of recurrence (HR = 3.93; P = 0.003). Conclusions Our TR-FRET assays accurately quantify HER1, HER2 and HER3 in FFPE breast tumour specimens. Moderate HER2 expression may represent a novel prognostic marker in patients with TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Ho-Pun-Cheung
- ICM, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Caroline Mollevi
- ICM, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
| | | | | | | | - Thierry Chardès
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
| | | | - André Pèlegrin
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
| | - William Jacot
- ICM, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
| | | | - Evelyne Lopez-Crapez
- ICM, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France. .,Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France.
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80
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Acharya R, Chacko S, Bose P, Lapenna A, Pattanayak SP. Structure Based Multitargeted Molecular Docking Analysis of Selected Furanocoumarins against Breast Cancer. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15743. [PMID: 31673107 PMCID: PMC6823401 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52162-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the biggest global dilemmas and its current therapy is to target the hormone receptors by the use of partial agonists/antagonists. Potent drugs for breast cancer treatment are Tamoxifen, Trastuzumab, Paclitaxel, etc. which show adverse effects and resistance in patients. The aim of the study has been on certain phytochemicals which has potent actions on ERα, PR, EGFR and mTOR inhibition. The current study is performed by the use of molecular docking as protein-ligand interactions play a vital role in drug design. The 3D structures of ERα, PR, EGFR and mTOR were obtained from the protein data bank and docked with 23 3D PubChem structures of furanocoumarin compounds using FlexX. Drug-likeness property was checked by applying the Lipinski's rule of five on the furanocoumarins to evaluate anti-breast cancer activity. Antagonist and inhibition assay of ERα, EGFR and mTOR respectively has been performed using appropriate in-vitro techniques. The results confirm that Xanthotoxol has the best docking score for breast cancer followed by Bergapten, Angelicin, Psoralen and Isoimperatorin. Further, the in-vitro results also validate the molecular docking analysis. This study suggests that the selected furanocoumarins can be further investigated and evaluated for breast cancer treatment and management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reetuparna Acharya
- Division of Advanced Pharmacology, Department of Pharm. Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, 835215, India
| | - Shinu Chacko
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharm. Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, 835215, Jharkhand, India
- Research Manager, Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics, Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Limited, Gurgaon, 122015, India
| | - Pritha Bose
- Division of Advanced Pharmacology, Department of Pharm. Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, 835215, India
| | - Antonio Lapenna
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, S102RX, United Kingdom
| | - Shakti Prasad Pattanayak
- Division of Advanced Pharmacology, Department of Pharm. Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, 835215, India.
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81
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Kgk D, Kumari S, G S, Malla RR. Marine natural compound cyclo(L-leucyl-L-prolyl) peptide inhibits migration of triple negative breast cancer cells by disrupting interaction of CD151 and EGFR signaling. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 315:108872. [PMID: 31669320 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.108872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cyclo (L-Leucyl-L-Prolyl) peptide/CLP is a marine natural metabolite and well recognized as an antimicrobial and antioxidant agent with limited studies on anticancer activity. The current study aims to determine the effect of CLP on migration and growth of triple negative breast cancer cell lines. The anti-growth potential was evaluated by MTT, BrdU and TUNEL assays; DNA damage by γH2AX and Dead green assays; antimigration activity by Boyden chamber invasion and wound healing assays. Interaction of CLP with CD151 was resolved by PatchDock. Effect of CLP on the expression of transmembrane CD151 was evaluated by cell-based ELISA assay. The interaction between CD151 and EGFR was predicted by using FireDoc Web server. Impact of CLP on the interaction of CD151 with EGFR was evaluated by co-immunoprecipitation assay. The effect of CLP on the cell cycle and its controlling proteins was determined by Western blotting. CLP reduced the viability of MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 TNBC cell lines but not human breast healthy epithelial cell line (MCF-12A) similar to eribulin, standard. CLP also inhibited proliferation; cell cycle and migration. It induced DNA strand breaks, DNA damage, and cell death. It showed the most favorable interactions with CD151 in in silico docking and significantly reduced the expression of membrane-bound CD151 proteins. FireDoc Web study predicted the association between CD151 and EGFR with -29.13 kcal/mol of binding energy. CLP reduced the interaction of CD151 with EGFR along with the expression of cyclin D, CDK4, PAK, RAC1, and P27kiP1. This study concludes that CLP suppresses growth and migration by attenuating cell cycle of TNBC cell lines via EGFR and CD151 signaling. Thus, exploring the EGFR and CD151 signaling pathway targeted by CLP may provide a new approach in the treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kgk
- Cancer Biology Lab, Department of Biochemistry, GIS, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, 530045, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Seema Kumari
- Cancer Biology Lab, Department of Biochemistry, GIS, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, 530045, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Shailender G
- Cancer Biology Lab, Department of Biochemistry, GIS, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, 530045, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Rama Rao Malla
- Cancer Biology Lab, Department of Biochemistry, GIS, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, 530045, Andhra Pradesh, India.
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82
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Chan C, Fonge H, Lam K, Reilly RM. Effectiveness and normal tissue toxicity of Auger electron (AE) radioimmunotherapy (RIT) with [ 111In]In-Bn-DTPA-nimotuzumab in mice with triple-negative or trastuzumab-resistant human breast cancer xenografts that overexpress EGFR. Nucl Med Biol 2019; 80-81:37-44. [PMID: 31706737 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2019.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Our objective was to evaluate the effectiveness and normal tissue toxicity of nimotuzumab labeled with the Auger electron (AE)-emitter, 111In ([111In]In-Bn-DTPA-nimotuzumab) for radioimmunotherapy (RIT) of human triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) or trastuzumab-resistant HER2-positive BC tumors overexpressing epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) in athymic mice. METHODS Normal tissue toxicity was studied in non-tumor-bearing Balb/c mice i.v. administered 9.0 or 28.6 MBq (3 mg/kg) of [111In]In-Bn-DTPA-nimotuzumab, unlabeled nimotuzumab (3 mg/kg) or normal saline. A complete blood cell count (CBC) and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and creatinine (Cr) were measured at 14 days. Body weight was monitored. RIT studies were performed in CD-1 athymic mice engrafted s.c. with MDA-MB-468 human TNBC tumors or TrR1 HER2-positive but trastuzumab-resistant BC tumors. Mice were i.v. administered two amounts (15.5 MBq; 3 mg/kg) of [111In]In-Bn-DTPA-nimotuzumab separated by 14 days. Control mice received unlabeled Bn-DTPA-nimotuzumab (3 mg/kg) or anti-HER2 [111In]In-Bn-DTPA-trastuzumab or normal saline. Tumor growth and body weight were measured for 6 weeks. A tumor growth index (TGI) and body weight index (BWI) were calculated to compare the tumor size and body weight post-treatment with the pre-treatment values. A tumor doubling ratio (TDR) was calculated for each treatment group compared to control mice receiving normal saline. RESULTS There was no loss of body weight or decreased red blood cells (RBC) or platelets (PLT) or increased serum ALT or Cr in Balb/c mice administered 9.0 or 28.6 MBq (3 mg/kg) of [111In]In-Bn-DTPA-nimotuzumab compared to mice treated with unlabeled Bn-DTPA-nimotuzumab (3 mg/kg) or normal saline. There was a significant decrease in white blood cell (WBC) counts in Balb/c mice receiving 28.6 MBq but not 9.0 MBq of [111In]In-Bn-DTPA-nimotuzumab. Based on these results, an administered amount of 15.5 MBq (3 mg/kg) was selected for RIT studies. Administration of two amounts (15.5 MBq; 3 mg/kg) separated by 14 days to CD-1 athymic mice with s.c. MDA-MB-468 xenografts strongly inhibited tumor growth. The TDR for mice treated with [111In]In-Bn-DTPA-nimotuzumab was 2.15 compared to control mice receiving normal saline. In contrast, treatment with unlabeled Bn-DTPA-nimotuzumab or [111In]In-Bn-DTPA-trastuzumab had no significant effect on tumor growth (TDR = 0.96 and 1.08, respectively). RIT with [111In]In-Bn-DTPA-nimotuzumab also strongly inhibited the growth of TrR1 tumors in athymic mice (TDR = 2.13) compared to unlabeled Bn-DTPA-nimotuzumab (TDR = 0.91). There were no losses in body weight over 6 weeks in tumor bearing mice receiving [111In]In-Bn-DTPA-nimotuzumab, unlabeled Bn-DTPA-nimotuzumab, [111In]In-Bn-DTPA-trastuzumab or normal saline. CONCLUSIONS [111In]In-Bn-DTPA-nimotuzumab was effective for treatment of TNBC or trastuzumab-resistant HER2-positive human BC tumors in mice that overexpress EGFR at administered amounts that caused no decrease in body weight or normal tissue toxicity in non-tumor-bearing Balb/c mice. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PATIENT CARE Our results suggest that Auger electron RIT with [111In]In-Bn-DTPA-nimotuzumab may provide a novel therapeutic option for patients with TNBC or trastuzumab-resistant HER2-positive BC that overexpresses EGFR. The low normal tissue toxicity of this approach may allow combination with other targeted therapies such as antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Conrad Chan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Humphrey Fonge
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medical Imaging, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon, SK, Canada; Department of Medical Imaging, Royal University Hospital Saskatoon, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Karen Lam
- Department of Medical Imaging, Royal University Hospital Saskatoon, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Raymond M Reilly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Fu W, Sun H, Zhao Y, Chen M, Yang X, Liu Y, Jin W. BCAP31 drives TNBC development by modulating ligand-independent EGFR trafficking and spontaneous EGFR phosphorylation. Theranostics 2019; 9:6468-6484. [PMID: 31588230 PMCID: PMC6771250 DOI: 10.7150/thno.35383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of novel targets for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an urgent task as targeted therapies have increased the lifespans of Oestrogen Receptor +/ Progesterone Receptor + and HER2+ cancer patients. Methods: genes involved in protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, which have been reported to be key players in cancer, were used in loss-of-function screening to evaluate the oncogenic roles of these genes to identify candidate target genes in TNBC. In vitro and in vivo function assays as well as clinical prognostic analysis were used to study the oncogenic role of the gene. Molecular and cell based assays were further employed to investigate the mechanisms. Results: B Cell Receptor Associated Protein 31 (BCAP31), the expression of which is correlated with early recurrence and poor survival among patients, was identified an oncogene in our assay. In vitro studies further suggested that BCAP31 acts as a key oncogene by promoting TNBC development. We also showed that BCAP31 interacts with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and serves as an inhibitor of ligand-independent EGFR recycling, sustaining EGFR autophosphorylation and activation of downstream signalling. Conclusion: These findings reveal the functional role of BCAP31, an ER-related protein, in EGFR dysregulation and TNBC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyan Fu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hefen Sun
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Mengting Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xueli Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wei Jin
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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84
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Matusewicz L, Filip-Psurska B, Psurski M, Tabaczar S, Podkalicka J, Wietrzyk J, Ziółkowski P, Czogalla A, Sikorski AF. EGFR-targeted immunoliposomes as a selective delivery system of simvastatin, with potential use in treatment of triple-negative breast cancers. Int J Pharm 2019; 569:118605. [PMID: 31400433 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A promising strategy for treatment of EGFR-dependent tumours is EGFR signal transduction suppression via inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase using high doses of statins, popular cholesterol-lowering drugs. The main purpose of this study was to obtain targeted long circulating immunoliposomes containing simvastatin (tLCLS) with anti-EGFR antibody attached to their surface and to test whether they can be effective in treatment of TNBC. The designed tLCLS were characterized in terms of physicochemical properties and long-term stability. In vitro experiments conducted on MDA-MB-231 cells demonstrated that tLCLS induced apoptosis and are characterized by IC50 of 7.5 µM. Treatment of studied cells with tLCLS led to a decrease in membrane order and inhibited PI3K/Akt signalling. Analyses of efficacy of the tLCLS in in vivo experiments in model animals indicate that immunoliposomes were effectively delivered to tumours. Our results showed that regardless of whether tLCLS were administered before or after tumour formation, at the tested dose they inhibited tumour growth by an average of 25% in comparison to the control. However, the results were not statistically significant. The experiments described above allowed us to test the possibility of using immunoliposomes as simvastatin carriers delivering increased amounts of the drug to tumour cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucyna Matusewicz
- Department of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Beata Filip-Psurska
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Weigla 12, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Psurski
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Weigla 12, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Sabina Tabaczar
- Department of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Podkalicka
- Department of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Wietrzyk
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Weigla 12, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Ziółkowski
- Department of Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. K. Marcinkowskiego 1, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Aleksander Czogalla
- Department of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Aleksander F Sikorski
- Department of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland.
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85
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Wang JJ, Zou JX, Wang H, Duan ZJ, Wang HB, Chen P, Liu PQ, Xu JZ, Chen HW. Histone methyltransferase NSD2 mediates the survival and invasion of triple-negative breast cancer cells via stimulating ADAM9-EGFR-AKT signaling. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2019; 40:1067-1075. [PMID: 30670815 PMCID: PMC6786427 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-018-0199-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous disease with a poor prognosis due to the lack of an effective targeted therapy. Histone lysine methyltransferases (KMTs) have emerged as attractive drug targets for cancer therapy. However, the function of the majority of KMTs in TNBC has remained largely unknown. In the current study, we found that KMT nuclear receptor binding SET domain protein 2 (NSD2) is overexpressed in TNBC tumors and that its overexpression is associated with poor survival of TNBC patients. NSD2 regulates TNBC cell survival and invasion and is required for tumorigenesis and tumor growth. Mechanistically, NSD2 directly controls the expression of EGFR and ADAM9, a member of the ADAM (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase) family that mediates the release of growth factors, such as HB-EGF. Through its methylase activity, NSD2 overexpression stimulates EGFR-AKT signaling and promotes TNBC cell resistance to the EGFR inhibitor gefitinib. Together, our results identify NSD2 as a major epigenetic regulator in TNBC and provide a rationale for targeting NSD2 alone or in combination with EGFR inhibitors as a targeted therapy for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jian Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - June X Zou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Hong Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhi-Jian Duan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Hai-Bin Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Peng Chen
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Pei-Qing Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jian-Zhen Xu
- Computational Systems Biology Lab, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China.
| | - Hong-Wu Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA.
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86
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Gómez-Miragaya J, Morán S, Calleja-Cervantes ME, Collado-Sole A, Paré L, Gómez A, Serra V, Dobrolecki LE, Lewis MT, Diaz-Lagares A, Eroles P, Prat A, Esteller M, González-Suárez E. The Altered Transcriptome and DNA Methylation Profiles of Docetaxel Resistance in Breast Cancer PDX Models. Mol Cancer Res 2019; 17:2063-2076. [PMID: 31320385 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-19-0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Taxanes are standard therapy in clinical practice for metastatic breast cancer; however, primary or acquired chemoresistance are a common cause of mortality. Breast cancer patient-derived xenografts (PDX) are powerful tools for the study of cancer biology and drug treatment response. Specific DNA methylation patterns have been associated to different breast cancer subtypes but its association with chemoresistance remains unstudied. Aiming to elucidate docetaxel resistance mechanisms, we performed genome-wide DNA methylation in breast cancer PDX models, including luminal and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) models sensitive to docetaxel, their matched models after emergence of chemoresistance and residual disease after short-term docetaxel treatment. We found that DNA methylation profiles from breast cancer PDX models maintain the subtype-specific methylation patterns of clinical samples. Two main DNA methylation clusters were found in TNBC PDX and remain stable during the emergence of docetaxel resistance; however, some genes/pathways were differentially methylated according to docetaxel response. A DNA methylation signature of resistance able to segregate TNBC based on chemotherapy response was identified. Transcriptomic profiling of selected sensitive/resistant pairs and integrative analysis with methylation data demonstrated correlation between some differentially methylated and expressed genes in docetaxel-resistant TNBC PDX models. Multiple gene expression changes were found after the emergence of docetaxel resistance in TNBC. DNA methylation and transcriptional changes identified between docetaxel-sensitive and -resistant TNBC PDX models or residual disease may have predictive value for chemotherapy response in TNBC. IMPLICATIONS: Subtype-specific DNA methylation patterns are maintained in breast cancer PDX models. While no global methylation changes were found, we uncovered differentially DNA methylated and expressed genes/pathways associated with the emergence of docetaxel resistance in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Gómez-Miragaya
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sebastián Morán
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Alejandro Collado-Sole
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laia Paré
- Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapeutics in Solid Tumors, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Gómez
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Violeta Serra
- Preclinical Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lacey E Dobrolecki
- Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Radiology, The Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Michael T Lewis
- Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Radiology, The Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Angel Diaz-Lagares
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain.,Cancer Epigenomics, Translational Medical Oncology (Oncomet), Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), CIBERONC, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Pilar Eroles
- Biomedical Research Institute (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain. CIBERONC, Spain
| | - Aleix Prat
- Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapeutics in Solid Tumors, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manel Esteller
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Physiological Sciences II, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva González-Suárez
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain.
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87
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Synthesis and in vitro anticancer evaluation of some fused indazoles, quinazolines and quinolines as potential EGFR inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2019; 89:102985. [PMID: 31121559 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.102985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
derivatives of benzo[g]indazole 5a, b, benzo[h]quinazoline 7, 12a-c, 13a-c and 15a-c and benzo[h]quinoline 17a-c and 19a-c were synthesized from 6-methoxy-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one (1). Anticancer activity of all the synthesized compounds was evaluated against four cancerous cell lines; HepG2, MCF-7, HCT116 and Caco-2. MCF-7 cells emerged as the most sensitive cell line against the target compounds. All the examined compounds, except 5a and 5b, displayed potent to moderate anticancer activity against MCF-7 cells with an IC50 values ranging from 7.21 to 21.55 µM. In particular, compounds 15c and 19b emerged as the most potent derivatives against EGFR-expressing MCF-7 cells with IC50 values = 7.70 ± 0.39 and 7.21 ± 0.43 μM, respectively. Additionally, both compounds did not display any significant cytotoxicity towards normal BHK-21 fibroblast cells (IC50 value > 200 µM), thereby providing a good safety profile as anticancer agents. Furthermore, compounds 15c and 19b displayed potent inhibitory activity towards EGFR in the sub-micromolar range (IC50 = 0.13 ± 0.01 and 0.14 ± 0.01 μM, respectively), compared to that of Erlotinib (IC50 = 0.11 ± 0.01 μM). Docking studies for 15c and 19b into EGFR active site was carried out to explore their potential binding modes. Therefore, compounds 15c and 19b can be considered as interesting candidates for further development of more potent anticancer agents.
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88
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Qin JJ, Yan L, Zhang J, Zhang WD. STAT3 as a potential therapeutic target in triple negative breast cancer: a systematic review. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:195. [PMID: 31088482 PMCID: PMC6518732 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1206-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), which is typically lack of expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), represents the most aggressive and mortal subtype of breast cancer. Currently, only a few treatment options are available for TNBC due to the absence of molecular targets, which underscores the need for developing novel therapeutic and preventive approaches for this disease. Recent evidence from clinical trials and preclinical studies has demonstrated a pivotal role of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in the initiation, progression, metastasis, and immune evasion of TNBC. STAT3 is overexpressed and constitutively activated in TNBC cells and contributes to cell survival, proliferation, cell cycle progression, anti-apoptosis, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, chemoresistance, immunosuppression, and stem cells self-renewal and differentiation by regulating the expression of its downstream target genes. STAT3 small molecule inhibitors have been developed and shown excellent anticancer activities in in vitro and in vivo models of TNBC. This review discusses the recent advances in the understanding of STAT3, with a focus on STAT3’s oncogenic role in TNBC. The current targeting strategies and representative small molecule inhibitors of STAT3 are highlighted. We also propose potential strategies that can be further examined for developing more specific and effective inhibitors for TNBC prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Jiang Qin
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Li Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- Shanxi Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, 030012, China
| | - Wei-Dong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, China. .,Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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89
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Phillips L, Gill AJ, Baxter RC. Novel Prognostic Markers in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Discovered by MALDI-Mass Spectrometry Imaging. Front Oncol 2019; 9:379. [PMID: 31139569 PMCID: PMC6527753 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
There are no widely-accepted prognostic markers currently available to predict outcomes in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), and no targeted therapies with confirmed benefit. We have used MALDI mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) of tryptic peptides to compare regions of cancer and benign tissue in 10 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of TNBC tumors. Proteins were identified by reference to a peptide library constructed by LC-MALDI-MS/MS analyses of the same tissues. The prognostic significance of proteins that distinguished between cancer and benign regions was estimated by Kaplan-Meier analysis of their gene expression from public databases. Among peptides that distinguished between cancer and benign tissue in at least 3 tissues with a ROC area under the curve >0.7, 14 represented proteins identified from the reference library, including proteins not previously associated with breast cancer. Initial network analysis using the STRING database showed no obvious functional relationships except among collagen subunits COL1A1, COL1A2, and COL63A, but manual curation, including the addition of EGFR to the analysis, revealed a unique network connecting 10 of the 14 proteins. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis to examine the relationship between tumor expression of genes encoding the 14 proteins, and recurrence-free survival (RFS) in patients with basal-like TNBC showed that, compared to low expression, high expression of nine of the genes was associated with significantly worse RFS, most with hazard ratios >2. In contrast, in estrogen receptor-positive tumors, high expression of these genes showed only low, or no, association with worse RFS. These proteins are proposed as putative markers of RFS in TNBC, and some may also be considered as possible targets for future therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo Phillips
- Hormones and Cancer Group, University of Sydney, Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Anthony J Gill
- Cancer Diagnosis and Pathology Group, University of Sydney, Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Robert C Baxter
- Hormones and Cancer Group, University of Sydney, Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
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90
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Dinkelborg PH, Wang M, Gheorghiu L, Gurski JM, Hong TS, Benes CH, Juric D, Jimenez RB, Borgmann K, Willers H. A common Chk1-dependent phenotype of DNA double-strand break suppression in two distinct radioresistant cancer types. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2019; 174:605-613. [PMID: 30607635 PMCID: PMC6440812 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-018-05079-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) are often resistant to treatment with ionizing radiation (IR). We sought to investigate whether pharmacologic inhibition of Chk1 kinase, which is commonly overexpressed in TNBC, preferentially sensitizes TNBC cells to IR. METHODS Ten breast cancer cell lines were screened with small molecule inhibitors against Chk1 and other kinases. Chk1 inhibition was also tested in isogenic KRAS mutant or wild-type cancer cells. Cellular radiosensitization was measured by short-term and clonogenic survival assays and by staining for the DNA double-strand break (DSB) marker γ-H2AX. Radiosensitization was also assessed in breast cancer biopsies using an ex vivo assay. Aurora B kinase-dependent mitosis-like chromatin condensation, a marker of radioresistance, was detected using a specific antibody against co-localized phosphorylation of serine 10 and trimethylation of lysine 9 on histone 3 (H3K9me3/S10p). Expression of CHEK1 and associated genes was evaluated in TNBC and lung adenocarcinoma. RESULTS Inhibition of Chk1 kinase preferentially radiosensitized TNBC cells in vitro and in patient biopsies. Interestingly, TNBC cells displayed lower numbers of IR-induced DSBs than non-TNBC cells, correlating with their observed radioresistance. We found that Chk1 suppressed IR-induced DSBs in these cells, which was dependent on H3K9me3/S10p-a chromatin mark previously found to indicate radioresistance in KRAS mutant cancers. Accordingly, the effects of Chk1 inhibition in TNBC were reproduced in KRAS mutant but not wild-type cells. We also observed co-expression of genes in this Chk1 chromatin pathway in TNBC and KRAS mutant lung cancers. CONCLUSIONS Chk1 promotes an unexpected, common phenotype of chromatin-dependent DSB suppression in radioresistant TNBC and KRAS mutant cancer cells, providing a direction for future investigations into overcoming the treatment resistance of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick H Dinkelborg
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Experimental Radiooncology, Clinic of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Liliana Gheorghiu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Joseph M Gurski
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Theodore S Hong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Cyril H Benes
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Dejan Juric
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Rachel B Jimenez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Kerstin Borgmann
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Experimental Radiooncology, Clinic of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Henning Willers
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
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91
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Hossein-Nejad-Ariani H, Althagafi E, Kaur K. Small Peptide Ligands for Targeting EGFR in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2723. [PMID: 30804365 PMCID: PMC6389950 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-38574-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of chemotherapy for cancer treatment can be increased by targeted drug delivery to the cancer cells. This is particularly important for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) for which chemotherapy is a major form of treatment. Here we designed and screened a library of 30 peptides starting with a previously reported epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) targeting peptide GE11 (YHWYGYTPQNVI). A direct peptide array-whole cell binding assay, where the peptides are conjugated to a cellulose membrane, was used to identify four peptides with enhanced binding to TNBC cells. Next, the four peptides were synthesized as FITC-labelled soluble peptides to study their direct uptake by TNBC cells using flow cytometry. The results showed that peptide analogue 22 had several fold higher uptake by the TNBC cells compared to the lead peptide GE11. The specific uptake of the peptide analogue 22 was confirmed by competition experiment using pure EGF protein. Further, peptide 22 showed dose dependent uptake by the TNBC MDA-MB-231 cells (105) with uptake saturating at around 2 μM peptide concentration. Thus, peptide 22 is a promising EGFR specific TNBC cell binding peptide that can be conjugated directly to a chemotherapeutic drug or to nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery to enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy for TNBC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanieh Hossein-Nejad-Ariani
- Chapman University School of Pharmacy (CUSP), Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Chapman University, Irvine, California, 92618-1908, USA
| | - Emad Althagafi
- Chapman University School of Pharmacy (CUSP), Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Chapman University, Irvine, California, 92618-1908, USA
| | - Kamaljit Kaur
- Chapman University School of Pharmacy (CUSP), Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Chapman University, Irvine, California, 92618-1908, USA.
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92
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pH-driven conformational switch between non-canonical DNA structures in a C-rich domain of EGFR promoter. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1210. [PMID: 30718769 PMCID: PMC6362134 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37968-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
EGFR is an oncogene that encodes for a trans-membrane tyrosine kinase receptor. Its mis-regulation is associated to several human cancers that, consistently, can be treated by selective tyrosine kinase inhibitors. The proximal promoter of EGFR contains a G-rich domain located at 272 bases upstream the transcription start site. We previously proved it folds into two main interchanging G-quadruplex structures, one of parallel and one of hybrid topology. Here we present the first evidences supporting the ability of the complementary C-rich strand (EGFR-272_C) to assume an intramolecular i-Motif (iM) structure that, according to the experimental conditions (pH, presence of co-solvent and salts), can coexist with a different arrangement we referred to as a hairpin. The herein identified iM efficiently competes with the canonical pairing of the two complementary strands, indicating it as a potential novel target for anticancer therapies. A preliminary screening for potential binders identified some phenanthroline derivatives as able to target EGFR-272_C at multiple binding sites when it is folded into an iM.
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93
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Shen M, Jiang YZ, Wei Y, Ell B, Sheng X, Esposito M, Kang J, Hang X, Zheng H, Rowicki M, Zhang L, Shih WJ, Celià-Terrassa T, Liu Y, Cristea II, Shao ZM, Kang Y. Tinagl1 Suppresses Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Progression and Metastasis by Simultaneously Inhibiting Integrin/FAK and EGFR Signaling. Cancer Cell 2019; 35:64-80.e7. [PMID: 30612941 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2018.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients have the worst prognosis and distant metastasis-free survival among all major subtypes of breast cancer. The poor clinical outlook is further exacerbated by a lack of effective targeted therapies for TNBC. Here we show that ectopic expression and therapeutic delivery of the secreted protein Tubulointerstitial nephritis antigen-like 1 (Tinagl1) suppresses TNBC progression and metastasis through direct binding to integrin α5β1, αvβ1, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and subsequent simultaneous inhibition of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and EGFR signaling pathways. Moreover, Tinagl1 protein level is associated with good prognosis and reversely correlates with FAK and EGFR activation status in TNBC. Our results suggest Tinagl1 as a candidate therapeutic agent for TNBC by dual inhibition of integrin/FAK and EGFR signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhong Shen
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Washington Road, LTL 255, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Yi-Zhou Jiang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yong Wei
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Washington Road, LTL 255, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Brian Ell
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Washington Road, LTL 255, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Xinlei Sheng
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Washington Road, LTL 255, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Mark Esposito
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Washington Road, LTL 255, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Jooeun Kang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Washington Road, LTL 255, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Xiang Hang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Washington Road, LTL 255, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Hanqiu Zheng
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Washington Road, LTL 255, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Michelle Rowicki
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Washington Road, LTL 255, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Lanjing Zhang
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center of Princeton, Plainsboro, NJ, USA; Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Weichung J Shih
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 683 Hoes Lane West, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Division of Biometrics, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey Rutgers, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Toni Celià-Terrassa
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Washington Road, LTL 255, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Yirong Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - IIeana Cristea
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Washington Road, LTL 255, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Zhi-Ming Shao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yibin Kang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Washington Road, LTL 255, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA; Cancer Metabolism and Growth Program, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA.
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94
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Yi D, Xu L, Luo J, You X, Huang T, Zi Y, Li X, Wang R, Zhong Z, Tang X, Li A, Shi Y, Rao J, Zhang Y, Sang J. Germline TP53 and MSH6 mutations implicated in sporadic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC): a preliminary study. Hum Genomics 2019; 13:4. [PMID: 30630526 PMCID: PMC6327518 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-018-0186-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Germline BRCA1/2 prevalence is relatively low in sporadic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). We hypothesized that non-BRCA genes may also have significant germline contribution to Chinese sporadic TNBC, and the somatic mutational landscape of TNBC may vary between ethnic groups. We therefore conducted this study to investigate germline and somatic mutations in 43 cancer susceptibility genes in Chinese sporadic TNBC. Patients and methods Sixty-six Chinese sporadic TNBC patients were enrolled in this study. Germline and tumor DNA of each patient were subjected to capture-based next-generation sequencing using a 43-gene panel. Standard bioinformatic analysis and variant classification were performed to identify deleterious/likely deleterious germline mutations and somatic mutations. Mutational analysis was conducted to identify significantly mutated genes. Results Deleterious/likely deleterious germline mutations were identified in 27 (27/66, 40.9%) patients. Among the 27 patients, 9 (9/66, 13.6%) were TP53 carriers, 5 (5/66, 7.6%) were MSH6 carriers, and 5 (5/66, 7.6%) were BRCA1 carriers. Somatic mutations were identified in 64 (64/66, 97.0%) patients. TP53 somatic mutations occurred in most of the patients (45/66, 68.2%) and with highest mean allele frequency (28.1%), while NF1 and POLE were detected to have the highest mutation counts. Conclusions Our results supported our hypotheses and suggested great potentials of TP53 and MSH6 as novel candidates for TNBC predisposition genes. The high frequency of somatic NF1 and POLE mutations in this study showed possibilities for clinical benefits from androgen-blockade therapies and immunotherapies in Chinese TNBC patients. Our study indicated necessity of multi-gene testing for TNBC prevention and treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40246-018-0186-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Yi
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiaqi Luo
- Top Gene Tech (Guangzhou) Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiaobin You
- Top Gene Tech (Guangzhou) Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast, Lianyungang First People's Hospital, Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yi Zi
- Top Gene Tech (Guangzhou) Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiaoting Li
- Top Gene Tech (Guangzhou) Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ru Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zaixuan Zhong
- Top Gene Tech (Guangzhou) Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiaoqiao Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ang Li
- Top Gene Tech (Guangzhou) Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yujian Shi
- Top Gene Tech (Guangzhou) Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jianmei Rao
- Top Gene Tech (Guangzhou) Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yifen Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Jianfeng Sang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
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95
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Hu Y, Li Z, Ding Y, Li Z, Liu Z, Shen Y. Antitumor and Topoisomerase Ⅱα Inhibitory Activities of 3-Aryl-7-hydroxyquinolines. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc201905013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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96
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Kaur M, Singh P. Targeting tyrosine kinase: Development of acridone – pyrrole – oxindole hybrids against human breast cancer. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:32-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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97
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Saikosaponin D from Radix Bupleuri suppresses triple-negative breast cancer cell growth by targeting β-catenin signaling. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 108:724-733. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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98
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Cheng Q, Shi X, Han M, Smbatyan G, Lenz HJ, Zhang Y. Reprogramming Exosomes as Nanoscale Controllers of Cellular Immunity. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:16413-16417. [PMID: 30452238 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b10047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes are naturally occurring membranous vesicles secreted by various types of cells. Given their unique and important biological and pharmacological properties, exosomes have been emerging as a promising form of nanomedicine acting via efficient delivery of endogenous and exogenous therapeutics. Here we explore a new concept of utilizing endogenously derived exosomes as artificial controllers of cellular immunity to redirect and activate cytotoxic T cells toward cancer cells for killing. This was achieved through genetically displaying two distinct types of antibodies on exosomal surface. The resulting synthetic multivalent antibodies retargeted exosomes (SMART-Exos), which express monoclonal antibodies specific for T-cell CD3 and cancer cell-associated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), were shown to not only induce cross-linking of T cells and EGFR-expressing breast cancer cells but also elicit potent antitumor immunity both in vitro and in vivo. This proof-of-concept study demonstrates a novel application of exosomes in cancer immunotherapy and may provide a general and versatile approach for the development of a new class of cell-free therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinqin Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089 , United States
| | - Xiaojing Shi
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089 , United States
| | - Menglu Han
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089 , United States
| | - Goar Smbatyan
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089 , United States
| | - Heinz-Josef Lenz
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089 , United States
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089 , United States.,Department of Chemistry, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089 , United States.,Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089 , United States.,Research Center for Liver Diseases , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089 , United States
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99
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Colombo M, Rizzuto MA, Pacini C, Pandolfi L, Bonizzi A, Truffi M, Monieri M, Catrambone F, Giustra M, Garbujo S, Fiandra L, Corsi F, Prosperi D, Mazzucchelli S. Half-Chain Cetuximab Nanoconjugates Allow Multitarget Therapy of Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:3817-3832. [PMID: 30350574 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.8b00667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The use of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) has revolutionized cancer treatment. The conjugation of mAbs to nanoparticles has been broadly exploited to improve the targeting efficiency of drug nanocarriers taking advantage of high binding efficacy and target selectivity of antibodies for specific cell receptors. However, the therapeutic implications of nanoconjugation have been poorly considered. In this study, half-chain fragments of the anti-EGFR mAb cetuximab were conjugated to colloidal nanoparticles originating stable nanoconjugates that were investigated as surrogates of therapeutic mAbs in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Three TNBC cell lines were selected according to EGFR expression, which regulates activation of MAPK/ERK and PI3K/Akt pathways, and to distinctive molecular profiling including KRAS, PTEN, and BRCA1 mutations normally associated with diverse sensitivity to treatment with cetuximab. The molecular mechanisms of action of nanoconjugated half-chain mAb, including cell targeting, interference with downstream signaling pathways, proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis, along with triggering of ADCC response, were investigated in detail in sensitive and resistant TNBC cells. We found that half-chain mAb nanoconjugation was able to enhance the therapeutic efficacy and improve the target selectivity against sensitive, but unexpectedly also resistant, TNBC cells. Viability assays and signaling transduction modulation suggested a role of BRCA1 mutation in TNBC resistance to cetuximab alone, whereas its effect could be circumvented using half-chain cetuximab nanoconjugates, suggesting that nanoconjugation not only improved the antibody activity but also exerted different mechanisms of action. Our results provide robust evidence of the potential of half-chain antibody nanoconjugates in the treatment of TNBC, which could offer a new paradigm for therapeutic antibody administration, potentially allowing improved curative efficiency and reduced minimal effective dosages in both sensitive and resistant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Colombo
- NanoBioLab, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze , Università di Milano-Bicocca , Piazza della Scienza 2 , 20126 Milano , Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Rizzuto
- NanoBioLab, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze , Università di Milano-Bicocca , Piazza della Scienza 2 , 20126 Milano , Italy
| | - Chiara Pacini
- NanoBioLab, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze , Università di Milano-Bicocca , Piazza della Scienza 2 , 20126 Milano , Italy
| | - Laura Pandolfi
- NanoBioLab, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze , Università di Milano-Bicocca , Piazza della Scienza 2 , 20126 Milano , Italy
| | - Arianna Bonizzi
- Nanomedicine Laboratory , ICS Maugeri S.p.A. SB , via S. Maugeri 10 , 27100 Pavia , Italy
| | - Marta Truffi
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco" , University of Milano , via G. B. Grassi 74 , 20157 Milano , Italy
| | - Matteo Monieri
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco" , University of Milano , via G. B. Grassi 74 , 20157 Milano , Italy
| | - Francesco Catrambone
- NanoBioLab, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze , Università di Milano-Bicocca , Piazza della Scienza 2 , 20126 Milano , Italy.,Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco" , University of Milano , via G. B. Grassi 74 , 20157 Milano , Italy
| | - Marco Giustra
- NanoBioLab, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze , Università di Milano-Bicocca , Piazza della Scienza 2 , 20126 Milano , Italy
| | - Stefania Garbujo
- NanoBioLab, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze , Università di Milano-Bicocca , Piazza della Scienza 2 , 20126 Milano , Italy
| | - Luisa Fiandra
- NanoBioLab, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze , Università di Milano-Bicocca , Piazza della Scienza 2 , 20126 Milano , Italy
| | - Fabio Corsi
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco" , University of Milano , via G. B. Grassi 74 , 20157 Milano , Italy.,Nanomedicine Laboratory , ICS Maugeri S.p.A. SB , via S. Maugeri 10 , 27100 Pavia , Italy.,Surgery Department, Breast Unit , ICS Maugeri S.p.A. SB , via S. Maugeri 10 , 27100 Pavia , Italy
| | - Davide Prosperi
- NanoBioLab, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze , Università di Milano-Bicocca , Piazza della Scienza 2 , 20126 Milano , Italy.,Nanomedicine Laboratory , ICS Maugeri S.p.A. SB , via S. Maugeri 10 , 27100 Pavia , Italy
| | - Serena Mazzucchelli
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco" , University of Milano , via G. B. Grassi 74 , 20157 Milano , Italy
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100
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Sialic Acid-Binding Lectin from Bullfrog Eggs Exhibits an Anti-Tumor Effect Against Breast Cancer Cells Including Triple-Negative Phenotype Cells. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23102714. [PMID: 30347895 PMCID: PMC6222625 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Sialic acid-binding lectin from Rana catesbeiana eggs (cSBL) is a multifunctional protein that has lectin and ribonuclease activity. In this study, the anti-tumor activities of cSBL were assessed using a panel of breast cancer cell lines. cSBL suppressed the cell growth of all cancer cell lines tested here at a concentration that is less toxic, or not toxic at all, to normal cells. The growth suppressive effect was attributed to the cancer-selective induction of apoptosis. We assessed the expressions of several key molecules associated with the breast cancer phenotype after cSBL treatment by western blotting. cSBL decreased the expression level of estrogen receptor (ER) α, while it increased the phosphorylation level of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). cSBL also suppressed the expression of the progesterone receptor (PgR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2). Furthermore, it was revealed that cSBL decreases the expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR/HER1) in triple-negative breast cancer cells. These results indicate that cSBL induces apoptosis with decreasing ErbB family proteins and may have great potential for breast cancer chemotherapy, particularly in triple-negative phenotype cells.
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