51
|
Pusparini N, Waturangi DE, Usia T, Nikastri E. Genetic diversity of Escherichia coli isolated from ice cube production sites. BMC Res Notes 2018; 11:659. [PMID: 30201028 PMCID: PMC6131791 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-018-3737-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The prevalence of Escherichia coli including from ice cubes in Indonesia is quite high. Unfortunately, little is known about the genetic diversity of E. coli from ice cube production site. Genotypic variation in E. coli populations is a major barrier to control public health risk associated with foodborne pathogen. The aims of this study were to analyze the genotypic diversity of E. coli strains isolated from various samples in order to determine the genetic relationship between those strains. This study is also important to understand the occurrence, prevalence and profile picture of different pathogenic E. coli in various sources which potentially cause disease. RESULTS Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC) and repetitive extragenic palindromic polymerase chain reaction (REP-PCR) dendrogram showed high genetic diversity of 120 E. coli isolates in majority of sampling sites. DNA fingerprint patterns showed 26 and 21 clusters with 11 and 3 fingerprints individual lineages for ERIC and REP-PCR respectively. There was no correlation observed between phylogenetic relationship and virulence genes. The result indicated a variation of E. coli isolates in ice cube manufacturers. ERIC-PCR method is more discriminative compared with REP-PCR to analyze the genetic diversity of E. coli from ice cubes production sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Novi Pusparini
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jalan Jenderal Sudirman 51, Jakarta, 12930, Indonesia.,Research Center of Drug and Food, National Agency for Drug and Food Control, Jalan Percetakan Negara 23, Jakarta, 10560, Indonesia
| | - Diana E Waturangi
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jalan Jenderal Sudirman 51, Jakarta, 12930, Indonesia.
| | - Tepy Usia
- National Agency of Drug and Food Control, Jalan Percetakan Negara 23, Jakarta, 10560, Indonesia
| | - Eva Nikastri
- Research Center of Drug and Food, National Agency for Drug and Food Control, Jalan Percetakan Negara 23, Jakarta, 10560, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Application of Aptamer-Based Biosensor for Rapid Detection of Pathogenic Escherichia coli. SENSORS 2018; 18:s18082518. [PMID: 30071682 PMCID: PMC6111995 DOI: 10.3390/s18082518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Pathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) widely exist in Nature and have always been a serious threat to the human health. Conventional colony forming units counting-based methods are quite time consuming and not fit for rapid detection for E. coli. Therefore, novel strategies for improving detection efficiency and sensitivity are in great demand. Aptamers have been widely used in various sensors due to their extremely high affinity and specificity. Successful applications of aptamers have been found in the rapid detection of pathogenic E. coli. Herein, we present the latest advances in screening of aptamers for E. coli, and review the preparation and application of aptamer-based biosensors in rapid detection of E. coli. Furthermore, the problems and new trends in these aptamer-based biosensors for rapid detection of pathogenic microorganism are also discussed.
Collapse
|
53
|
Tarr GAM, Shringi S, Phipps AI, Besser TE, Mayer J, Oltean HN, Wakefield J, Tarr PI, Rabinowitz P. Geogenomic Segregation and Temporal Trends of Human Pathogenic Escherichia coli O157:H7, Washington, USA, 2005-2014 1. Emerg Infect Dis 2018; 24:32-39. [PMID: 29260688 PMCID: PMC5749469 DOI: 10.3201/eid2401.170851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The often-noted and persistent increased incidence of Escherichia
coli O157:H7 infections in rural areas is not well understood. We
used a cohort of E. coli O157:H7 cases reported in Washington,
USA, during 2005–2014, along with phylogenomic characterization of the
infecting isolates, to identify geographic segregation of and temporal trends in
specific phylogenetic lineages of E. coli O157:H7. Kernel
estimation and generalized additive models demonstrated that pathogen lineages
were spatially segregated during the period of analysis and identified a focus
of segregation spanning multiple, predominantly rural, counties for each of the
main clinical lineages, Ib, IIa, and IIb. These results suggest the existence of
local reservoirs from which humans are infected. We also noted a secular
increase in the proportion of lineage IIa and IIb isolates. Spatial segregation
by phylogenetic lineage offers the potential to identify local reservoirs and
intervene to prevent continued transmission.
Collapse
|
54
|
Huang J, Huang G, An C, He Y, Yao Y, Zhang P, Shen J. Performance of ceramic disk filter coated with nano ZnO for removing Escherichia coli from water in small rural and remote communities of developing regions. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 238:52-62. [PMID: 29544196 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Global water safety is facing great challenges due to increased population and demand. There is an urgent need to develop suitable water treatment strategy for small rural and remote communities in low-income developing countries. In order to find a low-cost solution, the reduction of E. coli using ceramic water disk coated with nano ZnO was investigated in this study. The performance of modified ceramic disk filters was influenced by several factors in the filter production process. Based on the factorial analysis, the pore size of the disk filters was the most significant factor for influencing E. coli removal efficiency and the clay content was the most significant one for influencing flow rate of modified disk filters. The coating of nano ZnO led to the change of disk filter surface and porosity. The reduction of E. coli could be attributed to both filter retention and photocatalytic antibacterial activity of nano ZnO. The effects of filter operation factors including initial E. coli concentration, illumination time and lamp power on E. coli removal effectiveness were also revealed. The results can help find a safe and cost-effective approach to solve drinking water problems in small rural and remote communities of developing regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Huang
- Institute for Energy, Environment and Sustainability Research, UR-NCEPU, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China; Institute for Energy, Environment and Sustainable Communities, University of Regina, Regina, S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Guohe Huang
- Institute for Energy, Environment and Sustainability Research, UR-NCEPU, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China; Institute for Energy, Environment and Sustainable Communities, University of Regina, Regina, S4S 0A2, Canada.
| | - Chunjiang An
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, H3G 1M8, Canada
| | - Yuan He
- Institute for Energy, Environment and Sustainability Research, UR-NCEPU, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Institute for Energy, Environment and Sustainable Communities, University of Regina, Regina, S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Peng Zhang
- Institute for Energy, Environment and Sustainable Communities, University of Regina, Regina, S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Jian Shen
- Institute for Energy, Environment and Sustainable Communities, University of Regina, Regina, S4S 0A2, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Jaja IF, Green E, Muchenje V. Aerobic Mesophilic, Coliform, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus Counts of Raw Meat from the Formal and Informal Meat Sectors in South Africa. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15040819. [PMID: 29690529 PMCID: PMC5923861 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15040819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Foodborne disease (FBD) is a global public health concern, and foods from animal sources have been associated with outbreaks of food-related illness. In this study, animal carcasses from the two abattoirs (HT1 and HT2) in the formal meat sector (FMS) and slaughter points in the informal meat sector (INMS) were examined at two stages of slaughter (before washing and after washing) for aerobic colony counts (ACC) and total viable count (TCC), as well as Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus count. At each stage, carcasses were sampled by swabbing at the neck, brisket, flank, and rump. ACC for beef, mutton, and pork carcasses at HT1 and HT2 before washing were between 2.5–5.8, 2.2–4.7, and 2.7–3.7 mean log CFU/cm2, respectively, and TCC count before washing was highest on the neck of cattle (6.3 ± 2.4) and after washing was highest on the perineal of sheep (5.7 ± 6.9). In the INMS, TCC count was highest on the brisket (6.9 ± 3.2) and in the neck (5.5 ± 2.4). Higher ACC values of 6.2–6.7 mean log CFU/cm2 were obtained in the INMS. The highest count for E. coli (4.2 mean log CFU/cm2) after washing was in the neck, while the highest count for S. aureus (4.0 mean log CFU/cm2) was in the flank. All bacteria count in the INMS exceeded acceptable limits, and washing did not significantly reduce microbial load in meat in the FMS and INMS. Bacteria count in the FMS and INMS exceeded acceptable standards. However, meat processed in the INMS poses a more significant risk of FBD to consumers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ishmael Festus Jaja
- Department of Livestock and Pasture Science, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa.
| | - Ezekiel Green
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa.
| | - Voster Muchenje
- Department of Livestock and Pasture Science, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Kerangart S, Cournoyer B, Loukiadis E. C-source metabolic profilings of foodborne Shiga-toxin producing E. coli match serogroup differentiations and highlight functional adaptations. Int J Food Microbiol 2017; 266:324-336. [PMID: 29217302 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2017.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The tropism of pathogenic STEC for foodstuffs and cattle reservoir is related to functional specializations. An investigation of C-source utilization patterns among and between STEC serogroups was performed using omnilog phenotypic microarrays (OM). OM functional groupings were compared with STEC phylogroups, seropathotypes, EFSA's molecular risk assessment groups and serogroups. OM INT reduction activities of 37 STEC strains growing on 190 C-substrates were compared. Each strain had its own specific C-utilization profile but 23% of the substrates was used by all strains, 47% by none, and 30% was variably metabolized. Galactose, mannose, N-acetyl-glucosamine (GlcNAc), and N-acetyl neuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) found in the mucus layer of the bovine small intestine were metabolized by all strains. The 56 most informative substrates divided the C-utilization patterns (CP) into three clusters with: (A) harboring all O157 and O145 strains; (B) all O26 strains, and (C) strains of the other serogroups. Significant correlations between INT reduction values of pair of strains per CP group supported these differentiations. CP of group A and B strains were respectively defective in the use of galactonic acid-γ-lactone and rhamnose. Most CP group C strains grew with l-lyxose. Adjusted Wallace coefficients analyses of the datasets indicated high probabilities for the prediction of the use of glycolic acid, β-hydroxybutyric acid, l-lyxose and d-galactonic acid-γ-lactone and 5-keto-d-gluconic acid by a serogroup. The use of a C-substrate could be predicted from the classification of a strain into a phylogroup or seropathotype. Significantly lower numbers of C-substrates were used by seropathotype A strains like O157 ones. Improvements of STEC identification keys were proposed using the most discriminant C-substrates found in this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Kerangart
- University of Lyon, Research group on "Bacterial Opportunistic Pathogens and Environment", UMR Ecologie Microbienne, CNRS 5557, INRA 1418, University Lyon 1, VetAgro Sup, 69280 Marcy L'Etoile, France
| | - Benoit Cournoyer
- University of Lyon, Research group on "Bacterial Opportunistic Pathogens and Environment", UMR Ecologie Microbienne, CNRS 5557, INRA 1418, University Lyon 1, VetAgro Sup, 69280 Marcy L'Etoile, France.
| | - Estelle Loukiadis
- University of Lyon, Research group on "Bacterial Opportunistic Pathogens and Environment", UMR Ecologie Microbienne, CNRS 5557, INRA 1418, University Lyon 1, VetAgro Sup, 69280 Marcy L'Etoile, France; University of Lyon, VetAgro Sup, LMAP, National Reference Laboratory for Escherichia coli (including VTEC), Marcy L'Etoile, France
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
A waterborne outbreak of multiple diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli infections associated with drinking water at a school camp. Int J Infect Dis 2017; 66:45-50. [PMID: 29031605 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2017.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In June 2015, a local public health laboratory was notified that students had developed gastroenteritis symptoms after attending a camp. An outbreak investigation was conducted to determine the extent and cause of the outbreak. METHOD A retrospective cohort study was conducted to determine the correlations between the illness and specific exposures at the school camp. All attendees were interviewed with a standard questionnaire that addressed clinical symptoms, food consumption, and environmental exposures. Clinical specimens were cultured using standard microbiological methods for bacterial and viral pathogens. The genetic relationships of all isolates were determined using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). RESULTS A total 188 patients with symptoms of diarrhoea, abdominal pain, and nausea were identified. The completed questionnaires suggested that the consumption of drinking water was likely to be linked to this outbreak. Using microbiological methods, enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli, enteropathogenic E. coli, and enteroaggregative E. coli were isolated, and the isolates from both patient stool and environmental water samples displayed indistinguishable XbaI-PFGE patterns. The water system in the camp used groundwater drawn from a private underground reservoir for cooking and drinking. The environmental investigation revealed some problems with the water supply system, such as the use of inappropriate filters in the water purifier and a defect in the pipeline between the reservoir and the chlorination device. CONCLUSIONS This outbreak points to the importance of drinking water quality management in group facilities where underground water is used and emphasizes the need for periodic sanitation and inspection to prevent possible waterborne outbreaks.
Collapse
|
58
|
Vital PG, Caballes MBD, Rivera WL. Antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. isolates from fresh produce and the impact to food safety. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2017; 52:683-689. [PMID: 28679083 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2017.1331676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Foodborne diseases associated with fresh produce consumption have escalated worldwide, causing microbial safety of produce of critical importance. Bacteria that have increasingly been detected in fresh produce are Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp., both of which have been shown to progressively display antimicrobial resistance. The study focused on the assessment of antimicrobial resistance of these enteric bacteria from different kinds of fresh produce from various open air markets and supermarkets in the Philippines. Using the disk diffusion assay on a total of 50 bacterial isolates obtained from 410 fresh produce surveyed, monoresistance to tetracycline was observed to be the most prevalent (38%), followed by multidrug resistance to tetracycline, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, and nalidixic acid (4%), and lastly by dual resistance to tetracycline and chloramphenicol (2%). Using multiplex and simplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays, tetA (75%) and tetB (9%) were found in tetracycline resistant isolates, whereas catI (67%) and catIII (33%) were detected in chloramphenicol resistant isolates. Sequence analysis of gyr and par genes from the ciprofloxacin and nalidixic acid resistant isolates revealed different mutations. Based on the results, fresh produce act as a reservoir of these antibiotic resistant bacteria which may pose health threat to consumers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierangeli G Vital
- a Institute of Biology, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman , Quezon City , Philippines
- b Natural Sciences Research Institute, University of the Philippines Diliman , Quezon City , Philippines
| | - Marie Bernadine D Caballes
- a Institute of Biology, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman , Quezon City , Philippines
| | - Windell L Rivera
- a Institute of Biology, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman , Quezon City , Philippines
- b Natural Sciences Research Institute, University of the Philippines Diliman , Quezon City , Philippines
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Nandi RDS, Campos AC, Puño-Sarmiento JJ, Maluta RP, Rocha SPD, Kobayashi RKT, Nakazato G. Short communication: Detection of stx2 and elt genes in bovine milk by using a multiplex PCR system. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:7897-7900. [PMID: 28803013 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-13220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to detect 2 important toxin genes from diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) in bovine milk using a new multiplex PCR. To standardize the multiplex PCR, the stx2 and elt genes were investigated for the detection of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), respectively. The DNA template was prepared with a thermal procedure (boiling) and a commercial kit. Samples consisted of UHT and pasteurized milk, both skimmed, and STEC and ETEC were tested in concentrations between 101 and 109 cfu/mL. With the thermal procedure, the multiplex PCR system detected both pathotypes of E. coli at 109 cfu/mL in UHT and pasteurized milk. When the commercial kit was used for template preparation, STEC and ETEC could be detected at concentrations as low as 104 cfu/mL in UHT and pasteurized milk. Negative controls (Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella Typhimurium, Salmonella Enteritidis, and Escherichia coli strain APEC 13) were not amplified with the multiplex PCR. These results indicate that the multiplex PCR was a rapid (less than 6 h) and efficient method to detect STEC and ETEC in milk using different methods for DNA preparation; however, the commercial kit was more sensitive than the thermal procedure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R D S Nandi
- Department of Microbiology, Center for Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina CEP 86051-980, Brazil
| | - A C Campos
- Department of Microbiology, Center for Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina CEP 86051-980, Brazil
| | - J J Puño-Sarmiento
- Department of Microbiology, Center for Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina CEP 86051-980, Brazil
| | - R P Maluta
- Department of Microbiology, Center for Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina CEP 86051-980, Brazil
| | - S P D Rocha
- Department of Microbiology, Center for Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina CEP 86051-980, Brazil
| | - R K T Kobayashi
- Department of Microbiology, Center for Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina CEP 86051-980, Brazil
| | - G Nakazato
- Department of Microbiology, Center for Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina CEP 86051-980, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Petit F, Clermont O, Delannoy S, Servais P, Gourmelon M, Fach P, Oberlé K, Fournier M, Denamur E, Berthe T. Change in the Structure of Escherichia coli Population and the Pattern of Virulence Genes along a Rural Aquatic Continuum. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:609. [PMID: 28458656 PMCID: PMC5394106 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the diversity of the Escherichia coli population, focusing on the occurrence of pathogenic E. coli, in surface water draining a rural catchment. Two sampling campaigns were carried out in similar hydrological conditions (wet period, low flow) along a river continuum, characterized by two opposite density gradients of animals (cattle and wild animals) and human populations. While the abundance of E. coli slightly increased along the river continuum, the abundance of both human and ruminant-associated Bacteroidales markers, as well as the number of E. coli multi-resistant to antibiotics, evidenced a fecal contamination originating from animals at upstream rural sites, and from humans at downstream urban sites. A strong spatial modification of the structure of the E. coli population was observed. At the upstream site close to a forest, a higher abundance of the B2 phylogroup and Escherichia clade strains were observed. At the pasture upstream site, a greater proportion of both E and B1 phylogroups was detected, therefore suggesting a fecal contamination of mainly bovine origin. Conversely, in downstream urban sites, A, D, and F phylogroups were more abundant. To assess the occurrence of intestinal pathogenic strains, virulence factors [afaD, stx1, stx2, eltB (LT), estA (ST), ipaH, bfpA, eae, aaiC and aatA] were screened among 651 E. coli isolates. Intestinal pathogenic strains STEC O174:H21 (stx2) and EHEC O26:H11 (eae, stx1) were isolated in water and sediments close to the pasture site. In contrast, in the downstream urban site aEPEC/EAEC and DAEC of human origin, as well as extra-intestinal pathogenic E. coli belonging to clonal group A of D phylogroup, were sampled. Even if the estimated input of STEC (Shiga toxin-producing E. coli) - released in water at the upstream pasture site - at the downstream site was low, we show that STEC could persist in sediment. These results show that, the run-off of small cattle farms contributed, as much as the wastewater effluent, in the dissemination of pathogenic E. coli in both water and sediments, even if the microbiological quality of the water was good or to average quality according to the French water index.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabienne Petit
- Normandie Université, UniRouen, UniCaen, CNRS UMR M2CRouen, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC, CNRS, EPHE, UMR 7619 METISParis, France
| | - Olivier Clermont
- INSERM UMR1137, IAME, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris CitéParis, France
| | - Sabine Delannoy
- Université Paris-Est, Anses, Food Safety Laboratory, IdentyPath Platform, Maisons-AlfortFrance
| | - Pierre Servais
- Ecologie des Systèmes Aquatiques, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus de la PlaineBruxelles, Belgium
| | - Michèle Gourmelon
- Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer, RBE-SG2M-LSEMPlouzané, France
| | - Patrick Fach
- Université Paris-Est, Anses, Food Safety Laboratory, IdentyPath Platform, Maisons-AlfortFrance
| | - Kenny Oberlé
- Normandie Université, UniRouen, UniCaen, CNRS UMR M2CRouen, France
| | | | - Erick Denamur
- INSERM UMR1137, IAME, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris CitéParis, France
| | - Thierry Berthe
- Normandie Université, UniRouen, UniCaen, CNRS UMR M2CRouen, France
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Roussel C, Cordonnier C, Galia W, Le Goff O, Thévenot J, Chalancon S, Alric M, Thevenot-Sergentet D, Leriche F, Van de Wiele T, Livrelli V, Blanquet-Diot S. Increased EHEC survival and virulence gene expression indicate an enhanced pathogenicity upon simulated pediatric gastrointestinal conditions. Pediatr Res 2016; 80:734-743. [PMID: 27429202 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2016.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) are major foodborne pathogens that constitute a serious public health threat, mainly in young children. Shiga toxins (Stx) are the main virulence determinants of EHEC pathogenesis but adhesins like intimin (eae) and Long polar fimbriae (Lpf) also contribute to infection. The TNO GastroIntestinal Model (TIM) was used for a comparative study of EHEC O157:H7 survival and virulence under adult and child digestive conditions. METHODS Survival kinetics in the in vitro digestive tract were determined by plating while bacterial viability was assessed by flow cytometry analysis. Expression of stx, eae, and lpf genes was followed by reverse transcriptase-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and Stx production was measured by ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). RESULTS Upon gastrointestinal passage, a higher amount of viable cells was found in the simulated ileal effluents of children compared to that of adults (with 34 and 6% of viable cells, respectively). Expression levels of virulence genes were up to 125-fold higher in children. Stx was detected only in child ileal effluents. CONCLUSION Differences in digestive physicochemical parameters may partially explain why children are more susceptible to EHEC infection than adults. Such data are essential for a full understanding of EHEC pathogenesis and would help in designing novel therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charlène Roussel
- EA 4678 CIDAM, Conception Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,CMet, Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Cordonnier
- EA 4678 CIDAM, Conception Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,M2iSH, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte UMR INSERM/Université d'Auvergne, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Wessam Galia
- EA 4678 CIDAM, Conception Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,UMR 5557 Ecologie Microbienne, Research Group on Bacterial Opportunistic Pathogens and Environment, CNRS, VetAgro Sup and Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Unité CALYTISS, VetAgro Sup, Lempdes, France
| | - Olivier Le Goff
- EA 4678 CIDAM, Conception Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jonathan Thévenot
- EA 4678 CIDAM, Conception Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,M2iSH, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte UMR INSERM/Université d'Auvergne, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Sandrine Chalancon
- EA 4678 CIDAM, Conception Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Monique Alric
- EA 4678 CIDAM, Conception Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Delphine Thevenot-Sergentet
- UMR 5557 Ecologie Microbienne, Research Group on Bacterial Opportunistic Pathogens and Environment, CNRS, VetAgro Sup and Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Laboratoire d'Etude des Microorganismes Alimentaires Pathogènes, French National Reference Laboratory for Escherichia coli including Shiga Toxin-Producing E. coli, VetAgro Sup, Université de Lyon, Marcy l'Etoile, France
| | | | - Tom Van de Wiele
- CMet, Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Valérie Livrelli
- M2iSH, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte UMR INSERM/Université d'Auvergne, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Service de Bactériologie, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Stéphanie Blanquet-Diot
- EA 4678 CIDAM, Conception Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Bonetta S, Pignata C, Lorenzi E, De Ceglia M, Meucci L, Bonetta S, Gilli G, Carraro E. Detection of pathogenic Campylobacter, E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella spp. in wastewater by PCR assay. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:15302-15309. [PMID: 27106076 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6682-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was the evaluation of the occurrence of pathogenic Campylobacter, Escherichia coli O157:H7, E. coli virulence genes and Salmonella spp. in different wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) using a method based on an enrichment step and PCR. This method was sensitive enough to detect low levels (∼2 CFU100 ml(-1) of raw sewage) of all the investigated pathogens. In the WWTP samples, E. coli O157:H7 DNA and the eae gene were never found, but 33 % of influents and effluents exhibited amplicons corresponding to Shiga-like toxin I. Twenty-five percent of the influent and 8 % of the effluent exhibited the presence of Shiga-like toxin II. Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli DNA were identified in 50 and 25 % of the influents and in 8 and 25 % of the effluents, respectively. Salmonella spp. DNA was present in all the samples. Considering the results obtained, the method tested here offers a reliable and expeditious tool for evaluating the efficiency of the effluent treatment in order to mitigate contamination risk. Influent contamination by Salmonella spp. and Campylobacter spp. provides indirect information about their circulation; moreover, their presence in effluents underlines the role of WWTPs in the contamination of the receiving surface waters, which affects public health directly or indirectly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Si Bonetta
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 bis, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - C Pignata
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 bis, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - E Lorenzi
- Società Metropolitana Acque Torino S.p.A., C.so XI Febbraio, 14, Torino, 10152, Italy
| | - M De Ceglia
- Società Metropolitana Acque Torino S.p.A., C.so XI Febbraio, 14, Torino, 10152, Italy
| | - L Meucci
- Società Metropolitana Acque Torino S.p.A., C.so XI Febbraio, 14, Torino, 10152, Italy
| | - Sa Bonetta
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 bis, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - G Gilli
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 bis, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - E Carraro
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 bis, 10126, Torino, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Deshmukh RA, Joshi K, Bhand S, Roy U. Recent developments in detection and enumeration of waterborne bacteria: a retrospective minireview. Microbiologyopen 2016; 5:901-922. [PMID: 27397728 PMCID: PMC5221461 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Waterborne diseases have emerged as global health problems and their rapid and sensitive detection in environmental water samples is of great importance. Bacterial identification and enumeration in water samples is significant as it helps to maintain safe drinking water for public consumption. Culture‐based methods are laborious, time‐consuming, and yield false‐positive results, whereas viable but nonculturable (VBNCs) microorganisms cannot be recovered. Hence, numerous methods have been developed for rapid detection and quantification of waterborne pathogenic bacteria in water. These rapid methods can be classified into nucleic acid‐based, immunology‐based, and biosensor‐based detection methods. This review summarizes the principle and current state of rapid methods for the monitoring and detection of waterborne bacterial pathogens. Rapid methods outlined are polymerase chain reaction (PCR), digital droplet PCR, real‐time PCR, multiplex PCR, DNA microarray, Next‐generation sequencing (pyrosequencing, Illumina technology and genomics), and fluorescence in situ hybridization that are categorized as nucleic acid‐based methods. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunofluorescence are classified into immunology‐based methods. Optical, electrochemical, and mass‐based biosensors are grouped into biosensor‐based methods. Overall, these methods are sensitive, specific, time‐effective, and important in prevention and diagnosis of waterborne bacterial diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rehan A Deshmukh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani-K.K. Birla Goa Campus, NH17B Bypass, Zuarinagar, Goa, 403726, India
| | - Kopal Joshi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani-K.K. Birla Goa Campus, NH17B Bypass, Zuarinagar, Goa, 403726, India
| | - Sunil Bhand
- Biosensor Lab, Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani-K.K. Birla Goa Campus, NH17B Bypass, Zuarinagar, Goa, 403726, India
| | - Utpal Roy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani-K.K. Birla Goa Campus, NH17B Bypass, Zuarinagar, Goa, 403726, India
| |
Collapse
|