51
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Nale SD, Maiti D, Lee YR. Construction of Highly Functionalized Xanthones via Rh-Catalyzed Cascade C-H Activation/ O-Annulation. Org Lett 2021; 23:2465-2470. [PMID: 33719464 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A facile and efficient strategy for obtaining functionalized and multihydroxylated xanthones via Rh catalysis under redox-neutral conditions is developed. Diverse salicylaldehydes bearing heterocycles, aromatics, and fused aromatics can be rapidly coupled with 1,4-benzoquinones or 1,4-hydroquinones to afford valuable xanthones via cascade C-H/O-H functionalization and annulation. This protocol provides a rapid synthetic approach to obtain biologically active materials through late-stage functionalization and prepares natural products such as subelliptenone, pruniflorone N, and ravenelin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar D Nale
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Yong Rok Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
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52
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Garcinoxanthones SV, new xanthone derivatives from the pericarps of Garcinia mangostana together with their cytotoxic and antioxidant activities. Fitoterapia 2021; 151:104880. [PMID: 33711431 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2021.104880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Xanthones (9H-xanthene-9-ones) are considered to be very promising compounds due to a variety of interesting biological and pharmacological activities. In this study, column chromatography of the methanol extract of the Garcinia mangostana L. pericarps resulted in the isolation of four new xanthones (garcinoxanthones SV, 1-4) and five known analogs including garcinone E (5), 11-hydroxy-1-isomangostin (6) mangostenone E (7), 1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxyxanthone (8), and α-mangostin (9). The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by NMR, HRESIMS, and ECD spectra. Compound 8 (1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxyxanthone) was found from the G. mangostana pericarps for the first time. All the isolated compounds (1-8) were evaluated for their 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging capacity and cytotoxicity in vitro against three human cancer cell lines including SK-LU-1, MCF7, and HT-29 cell lines. Compounds 3, 5, and 8 exhibited significant DPPH scavenging capacity with IC50 values of 68.55, 63.05, and 28.45 μM, respectively, in comparison with ascorbic acid (IC50 = 48.03 μM). Compounds 5 and 8 showed moderate cytotoxic effects against the three human cancer cell lines with IC50 value ranges of 19.86-27.38 μM.
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53
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Ramakrishnan S, Paramewaran S, Nasir NM. Synthetic approaches to biologically active xanthones: an update. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-020-01320-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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54
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Shagufta, Ahmad I. The race to treat COVID-19: Potential therapeutic agents for the prevention and treatment of SARS-CoV-2. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 213:113157. [PMID: 33486200 PMCID: PMC7802596 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The unforeseen emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) at the Wuhan province of China in December 2019, subsequently its abrupt spread across the world has severely affected human life. In a short span of time, COVID-19 has sacked more than one million human lives and marked as a severe global pandemic, which is drastically accountable for the adverse effect directly to the human society, particularly the health care system and the economy. The unavailability of approved and effective drugs or vaccines against COVID-19 further created conditions more adverse and terrifying. To win the war against this pandemic within time there is a desperate need for the most adequate therapeutic treatment, which can be achieved by the collaborative research work among scientists worldwide. In continuation of our efforts to support the scientific community, a review has been presented which discusses the structure and the activity of numerous molecules exhibiting promising SARS-CoV-2 and other CoVs inhibition activities. Furthermore, this review offers an overview of the structure, a plausible mechanism of action of SARS-CoV-2, and crucial structural features substantial to inhibit the primary virus-based and host-based targets involved in SARS-CoV-2 treatment. We anticipate optimistically that this perspective will provide the reader and researcher’s better understanding regarding COVID-19 and pave the path in the direction of COVID-19 drug discovery and development paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shagufta
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Irshad Ahmad
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates
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55
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Wu H, Liu S, Wang Y, Yuan M, Zhang H, Zhou H, Xiao L, Zheng C, Xu H. An efficient approach for the synthesis of 1,2-dihydroxanthones enabled by one-pot Claisen condensation/cyclization reactions. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:4126-4131. [PMID: 33870388 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00470k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A mild, efficient method for the synthesis of 1,2-dihydroxanthones by a one-pot reaction was developed under waste-induced relay catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaimo Wu
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Song Liu
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Youyi Wang
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Man Yuan
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Hong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Hua Zhou
- Shuguang Hospital
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Lianbo Xiao
- Institute of Arthritis Research
- Shanghai Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
- Guanghua Integrative Medicine Hospital
- Shanghai 200052
- China
| | - Changwu Zheng
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances
| | - Hongxi Xu
- Shuguang Hospital
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
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56
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Gong G, Chen H, Kam H, Chan G, Tang YX, Wu M, Tan H, Tse YC, Xu HX, Lee SMY. In Vivo Screening of Xanthones from Garcinia oligantha Identified Oliganthin H as a Novel Natural Inhibitor of Convulsions. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:3706-3716. [PMID: 33296199 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder, characterized by recurrent, spontaneous, and transient seizures, and affects more than 70 million people worldwide. Although two dozen antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are approved and available in the market, seizures remain poorly controlled in one-third of epileptic patients who are suffering from drug resistance or various adverse effects. Recently, the xanthone skeleton has been regarded as an attractive scaffold for the discovery and development of emerging anticonvulsants. We had isolated several dihydroxanthone derivatives previously, including oliganthin H, oliganthin I, and oliganthin N, whose structures were similar and delicately elucidated by spectrum analysis or X-ray crystallographic data, from extracts of leaves of Garcinia oligantha. These xanthone analogues were evaluated for anticonvulsant activity, and a novel xanthone, oliganthin H, has been identified as a sound and effective natural inhibitor of convulsions in zebrafish in vivo. A preliminary structure-activity relationship analysis on the relationship between structures of the xanthone analogues and their activities was also conducted. Oliganthin H significantly suppressed convulsant behavior and reduced to about 25% and 50% of PTZ-induced activity, in 12.5 and 25 μM treatment groups (P < 0.01 and 0.001), respectively. Meanwhile, it reduced seizure activity, velocity, seizure duration, and number of bursts in zebrafish larvae (P < 0.05). Pretreatment of oliganthin H significantly restored aberrant induction of gene expressions including npas4a, c-fos, pyya, and bdnf, as well as gabra1, gad1, glsa, and glula, upon PTZ treatment. In addition, in silico analysis revealed the stability of the oliganthin H-GABAA receptor complex and their detailed binding pattern. Therefore, direct interactions with the GABAA receptor and involvement of downstream GABA-glutamate pathways were possible mechanisms of the anticonvulsant action of oliganthin H. Our findings present the anticonvulsant activity of oliganthin H, provide a novel scaffold for further modifications, and highlight the xanthone skeleton as an attractive and reliable resource for the development of emerging AEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiyi Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Hanbin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Hiotong Kam
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Ging Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Yue-Xun Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Man Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hongsheng Tan
- Clinical Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yu-Chung Tse
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Hong-Xi Xu
- Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Simon Ming-Yuen Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
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57
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Zukić S, Maran U. Modelling of antiproliferative activity measured in HeLa cervical cancer cells in a series of xanthene derivatives. SAR AND QSAR IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 31:905-921. [PMID: 33236957 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2020.1839131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death in humans, and new drug substances are therefore being developed. Thus, the anti-cancer activity of xanthene derivatives has become an important topic in the development of new and potent anti-cancer drug substances. Previously published novel series of xanthen-3-one and xanthen-1,8-dione derivatives have been synthesized in one of our laboratories and showed anti-proliferative activity in HeLa cancer cell lines. This series serves as a good basis to develop quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR), to study the relations between anti-proliferative activity and chemical structures. A QSAR model has been derived that relies only on two-dimensional molecular descriptors, providing mechanistic insight into the anti-proliferative activity of xanthene derivatives. The model is validated internally and externally and additionally with the set of inactive compounds of the original data, confirming model applicability for the design and discovery of novel xanthene derivatives. The QSAR model is available at the QsarDB repository (http://dx.doi.10.15152/QDB.237).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Zukić
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Sarajevo , Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - U Maran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tartu , Tartu, Estonia
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58
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Preparation, characterization and antibacterial activity of a novel soluble polymer derived from xanthone and O-carboxymethyl-N, N, N-trimethyl chitosan. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:836-844. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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59
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Mardianingrum R, Yusuf M, Hariono M, Mohd Gazzali A, Muchtaridi M. α-Mangostin and its derivatives against estrogen receptor alpha. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 40:2621-2634. [PMID: 33155528 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1841031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) acts as the transcription factor and the main therapeutic target against breast cancer. One of the compounds that has been shown to act as an ERα is α-mangostin. However, it still has weaknesses due to its low solubility and low potent activity. In this study, α-mangostin was modified by substituting -OH group at C6 using benzoyl derivatives through a step by step in silico study, namely pharmacokinetic prediction (https://preadmet.bmdrc.kr/adme/), pharmacophore modeling (LigandScout 4.1), molecular docking simulation (AutoDock 4.2), molecular dynamics simulation (AMBER 16) and a binding free energy analysis using MM-PBSA method. From the computational studies, three compounds which are derived from α-mangostin (AMB-1 (-9.84 kcal/mol), AMB-2 (-6.80 kcal/mol) and AMB-10 (-12.42 kcal/mol)) have lower binding free energy than α-mangostin (-1.77 kcal/mol), as evidenced by the binding free energy calculation using the MM-PBSA method. They can then be predicted to have potent activities as ERα antagonists.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Mardianingrum
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia.,Department of Pharmacy, Universitas Perjuangan, Tasikmalaya, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Yusuf
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia
| | - Maywan Hariono
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sanata Dharma, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Amira Mohd Gazzali
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Muchtaridi Muchtaridi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia
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60
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Georgakopoulos A, Kalampaliki AD, Gioti K, Hamdoun S, Giannopoulou AF, Efferth T, Stravopodis DJ, Tenta R, Marakos P, Pouli N, Kostakis IK. Synthesis of novel xanthone and acridone carboxamides with potent antiproliferative activities. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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61
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Zhao DL, Han XB, Wang M, Zeng YT, Li YQ, Ma GY, Liu J, Zheng CJ, Wen MX, Zhang ZF, Zhang P, Zhang CS. Herbicidal and Antifungal Xanthone Derivatives from the Alga-Derived Fungus Aspergillus versicolor D5. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:11207-11214. [PMID: 32915561 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c04265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fungi have been proved as promising and prolific sources of functional secondary metabolites with potent agricultural applications. In this study, 14 xanthone derivatives (1-14), including six new ones, versicones I-N (1-4, 7, 11), and a biogenetically related derivative (15), were isolated from the alga-derived fungus Aspergillus versicolor D5. Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic methods. Versicone L (4) exhibited a broad antifungal spectrum and prominent inhibitory effects on Botrytis cinerea at a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 152 μM, 7-fold stronger than that of the positive control, carbendazim (MIC = 1.05 × 103 μM). Dihydrosterigmatocystin (13) showed strong antifungal activity toward B. cinerea at MIC = 38.3 μM, almost 30-fold stronger than that of carbendazim. Meanwhile, 13 exhibited potent herbicidal activity toward Amaranthus retroflexus L. with an MIC of 24.5 μM, approximately 4-fold stronger than that of the positive control, glyphosate (MIC = 94.7 μM). Additionally, 13 also displayed remarkable activity against other weeds belonging to Amaranth sp. Analysis of the structure-herbicidal activity relationship indicated that the bifuranic ring played an important role in xanthone phytotoxicity and the presence of a double bond in the furan ring could decrease phytotoxicity. This study indicated that xanthones can be served as promising candidates for lead compounds of agrochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Lin Zhao
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Bin Han
- Zunyi Branch, Guizhou Tobacco Company, Zunyi 563000, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Wang
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Tao Zeng
- Zunyi Branch, Guizhou Tobacco Company, Zunyi 563000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Qiang Li
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Yong Ma
- Zunyi Branch, Guizhou Tobacco Company, Zunyi 563000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- Zunyi Branch, Guizhou Tobacco Company, Zunyi 563000, People's Republic of China
| | - Cai-Juan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Xia Wen
- Zunyi Branch, Guizhou Tobacco Company, Zunyi 563000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Fan Zhang
- Zunyi Branch, Guizhou Tobacco Company, Zunyi 563000, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Sheng Zhang
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, People's Republic of China
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62
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Asgari MS, Tahmasebi B, Mojtabavi S, Faramarzi MA, Rahimi R, Ranjbar PR, Biglar M, Larijani B, Rastegar H, Mohammadi‐Khanaposhtani M, Mahdavi M. Design, synthesis, biological evaluation, and docking study of new acridine‐9‐carboxamide linked to 1,2,3‐triazole derivatives as antidiabetic agents targeting α‐glucosidase. J Heterocycl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad S. Asgari
- School of Chemistry, College of Science University of Tehran Tehran Iran
| | - Behnam Tahmasebi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Somayeh Mojtabavi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Mohammad A. Faramarzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Rahmatollah Rahimi
- Department of Chemistry Iran University of Science and Technology Tehran Iran
| | - Parviz R. Ranjbar
- School of Chemistry, College of Science University of Tehran Tehran Iran
| | - Mahmood Biglar
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Hossein Rastegar
- Cosmetic Products Research Center Iranian Food and Drug Administration, MOHE Tehran Iran
| | - Maryam Mohammadi‐Khanaposhtani
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences Babol Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdavi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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63
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Highly potent cholinesterase inhibition of geranylated xanthones from Garcinia fusca and molecular docking studies. Fitoterapia 2020; 146:104637. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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64
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Carraro ML, Marques S, Silva AS, Freitas B, Silva PMA, Pedrosa J, De Marco P, Bousbaa H, Fernandes C, Tiritan ME, Silva AMS, Pinto MMM. Synthesis of New Chiral Derivatives of Xanthones with Enantioselective Effect on Tumor Cell Growth and DNA Crosslinking. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202002588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria L. Carraro
- Department of Chemical Sciences Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy University of Porto Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228 4050-313 Porto Portugal
| | - Sandra Marques
- CESPU Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde (IINFACTS) Rua Central de Gandra, 1317 4585-116 Gandra PRD Portugal
| | - Ana Sofia Silva
- Department of Chemical Sciences Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy University of Porto Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228 4050-313 Porto Portugal
| | - Bruno Freitas
- Department of Chemical Sciences Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy University of Porto Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228 4050-313 Porto Portugal
| | - Patrícia M. A. Silva
- CESPU Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde (IINFACTS) Rua Central de Gandra, 1317 4585-116 Gandra PRD Portugal
| | - Joel Pedrosa
- CESPU Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde (IINFACTS) Rua Central de Gandra, 1317 4585-116 Gandra PRD Portugal
| | - Paolo De Marco
- CESPU Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde (IINFACTS) Rua Central de Gandra, 1317 4585-116 Gandra PRD Portugal
| | - Hassan Bousbaa
- CESPU Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde (IINFACTS) Rua Central de Gandra, 1317 4585-116 Gandra PRD Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR) Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões Av. General Norton de Matos s/n 4050-208 Matosinhos Portugal
| | - Carla Fernandes
- Department of Chemical Sciences Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy University of Porto Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228 4050-313 Porto Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR) Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões Av. General Norton de Matos s/n 4050-208 Matosinhos Portugal
| | - Maria Elizabeth Tiritan
- Department of Chemical Sciences Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy University of Porto Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228 4050-313 Porto Portugal
- CESPU Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde (IINFACTS) Rua Central de Gandra, 1317 4585-116 Gandra PRD Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR) Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões Av. General Norton de Matos s/n 4050-208 Matosinhos Portugal
| | - Artur M. S. Silva
- QOPNA & LAQV-REQUIMTE Departamento de Química Universidade de Aveiro Aveiro 3810-103 Aveiro Portugal
| | - Madalena M. M. Pinto
- Department of Chemical Sciences Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy University of Porto Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228 4050-313 Porto Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR) Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões Av. General Norton de Matos s/n 4050-208 Matosinhos Portugal
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65
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Łażewska D, Bajda M, Kaleta M, Zaręba P, Doroz-Płonka A, Siwek A, Alachkar A, Mogilski S, Saad A, Kuder K, Olejarz-Maciej A, Godyń J, Stary D, Sudoł S, Więcek M, Latacz G, Walczak M, Handzlik J, Sadek B, Malawska B, Kieć-Kononowicz K. Rational design of new multitarget histamine H 3 receptor ligands as potential candidates for treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 207:112743. [PMID: 32882609 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Design and development of multitarget-directed ligands (MTDLs) has become a very important approach in the search of new therapies for Alzheimer's disease (AD). In our present research, a number of xanthone derivatives were first designed using a pharmacophore model for histamine H3 receptor (H3R) antagonists/inverse agonists, and virtual docking was then performed for the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. Next, 23 compounds were synthesised and evaluated in vitro for human H3R (hH3R) affinity and inhibitory activity on cholinesterases. Most of the target compounds showed hH3R affinities in nanomolar range and exhibited cholinesterase inhibitory activity with IC50 values in submicromolar range. Furthermore, the inhibitory effects of monoamine oxidases (MAO) A and B were investigated. The results showed low micromolar and selective human MAO B (hMAO B) inhibition. Two azepane derivatives, namely 23 (2-(5-(azepan-1-yl)pentyloxy)-9H-xanthen-9-one) and 25 (2-(5-(azepan-1-yl)pentyloxy)-7-chloro-9H-xanthen-9-one), were especially very promising and showed high affinity for hH3R (Ki = 170 nM and 100 nM respectively) and high inhibitory activity for acetylcholinesterase (IC50 = 180 nM and 136 nM respectively). Moreover, these compounds showed moderate inhibitory activity for butyrylcholinesterase (IC50 = 880 nM and 394 nM respectively) and hMAO B (IC50 = 775 nM and 897 nM respectively). Furthermore, molecular docking studies were performed for hH3R, human cholinesterases and hMAO B to describe the mode of interactions with these biological targets. Next, the two most promising compounds 23 and 25 were selected for in vivo studies. The results showed significant memory-enhancing effect of compound 23 in dizocilpine-induced amnesia in rats in two tests: step-through inhibitory avoidance paradigm (SIAP) and transfer latency paradigm time (TLPT). In addition, favourable analgesic effects of compound 23 were observed in neuropathic pain models. Therefore, compound 23 is a particularly promising structure for further design of new MTDLs for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Łażewska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna Str. 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Marek Bajda
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna Str. 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Maria Kaleta
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna Str. 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Paula Zaręba
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna Str. 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agata Doroz-Płonka
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna Str. 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agata Siwek
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna Str. 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Alaa Alachkar
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 1766, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Szczepan Mogilski
- Department of Pharmacodynamic, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna Str. 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Ali Saad
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 1766, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kamil Kuder
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna Str. 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Olejarz-Maciej
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna Str. 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Justyna Godyń
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna Str. 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Dorota Stary
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna Str. 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Sylwia Sudoł
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna Str. 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Więcek
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna Str. 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Gniewomir Latacz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna Str. 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Maria Walczak
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna Str 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Handzlik
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna Str. 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Bassem Sadek
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 1766, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Barbara Malawska
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna Str. 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna Str. 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
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New acridine-9-carboxamide linked to 1,2,3-triazole-N-phenylacetamide derivatives as potent α-glucosidase inhibitors: design, synthesis, in vitro, and in silico biological evaluations. Med Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-020-02603-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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67
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Quinoxaline Derivatives as Antiviral Agents: A Systematic Review. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25122784. [PMID: 32560203 PMCID: PMC7356203 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25122784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: In recent decades, several viruses have jumped from animals to humans, triggering sizable outbreaks. The current unprecedent outbreak SARS-COV-2 is prompting a search for new cost-effective therapies to combat this deadly pathogen. Suitably functionalized polysubstituted quinoxalines show very interesting biological properties (antiviral, anticancer, and antileishmanial), ensuring them a bright future in medicinal chemistry. Objectives: Focusing on the promising development of new quinoxaline derivatives as antiviral drugs, this review forms part of our program on the anti-infectious activity of quinoxaline derivatives. Methods: Study compiles and discusses recently published studies concerning the therapeutic potential of the antiviral activity of quinoxaline derivatives, covering the literature between 2010 and 2020. Results: A final total of 20 studies included in this review. Conclusions: This review points to a growing interest in the development of compounds bearing a quinoxaline moiety for antiviral treatment. This promising moiety with different molecular targets warrants further investigation, which may well yield even more encouraging results regarding this scaffold.
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Yang J, Fu W, Xiang Q, Tang Y, Wu R, Zheng C, Lu Y, Zhou H, Xu H. Cytotoxic xanthone derivatives from the twigs of Garcinia oligantha. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2020; 174:112329. [PMID: 32203742 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ten undescribed xanthone derivatives, garoliganthins A-I and oliganthaxanthone C, along with eight known compounds, were isolated from the twigs of Garcinia oligantha Merr. Their structures and absolute configurations were determined by extensive spectroscopic methods, single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, electronic circular dichroism analysis, and chiral HPLC/HPLC-CD analysis combined with density functional theory calculations. Garoliganthin A is an unprecedented tetrahydro-xanthone derivative possessing a bicycle [3.2.2] nonane skeleton, and garoliganthins B-E are the first examples of a new class of rearranged xanthone derivatives with six-membered lactone core scaffold. The cytotoxic effects of the isolates on four human cancer cell lines (HeLa, PC-3, A549, and K562) were measured using an MTT assay. Seven compounds showed good inhibitory activities against four cancer cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 2.1 to 16.8 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinling Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Wenwei Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China.
| | - Qian Xiang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Yuexun Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Rong Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Changwu Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Yue Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Hua Zhou
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China.
| | - Hongxi Xu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China.
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69
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Zukić S, Oljacic S, Nikolic K, Veljović E, Špirtović-Halilović S, Osmanović A, Završnik D. Quantitative structure-activity relationships of xanthen-3-one and xanthen-1,8-dione derivatives and design of new compounds with enhanced antiproliferative activity on HeLa cervical cancer cells. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:4026-4036. [PMID: 32462973 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1775125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Xanthene derivatives have become a group of molecules of great importance in discovering of new anticancer drugs. Recent studies of our group performed on xanthen-3-one and xanthen-1,8-dione derivatives have shown their antiproliferative activity on HeLa cervical cell lines. Obtained IC50 values together with calculated molecular descriptors were subjected to Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) study in order to identify the most relevant molecular features responsible for the observed antiproliferative activity of compounds. Partial least square statistical method and the same training and test set were used to obtain statistical parameters for internal and external validation in 2D- and 3D-QSAR study. The obtained QSAR models have shown next results: 2D-QSAR: R2 = 0.741, Q2 = 0.792, R2pred = 0.875 and 3D-QSAR: R2 = 0.951, Q2 = 0.830, R2pred = 0.769. Based on the performed QSAR analysis and calculated ADMET properties, novel xanthene derivatives with enhanced antiproliferative activity were designed. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selma Zukić
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Slavica Oljacic
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Katarina Nikolic
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Elma Veljović
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Selma Špirtović-Halilović
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Amar Osmanović
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Davorka Završnik
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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70
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Shagufta, Ahmad I, Mathew S, Rahman S. Recent progress in selective estrogen receptor downregulators (SERDs) for the treatment of breast cancer. RSC Med Chem 2020; 11:438-454. [PMID: 33479648 PMCID: PMC7580774 DOI: 10.1039/c9md00570f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Selective estrogen receptor downregulators (SERDs) are a novel class of compounds capable of reducing the ERα protein level and blocking ER activity. Therefore, SERDs are considered as a significant therapeutic approach to treat ER+ breast cancer in both early stage and more advanced drug-resistant cases. After the FDA approval of a steroidal drug, fulvestrant, as a SERD for the treatment of breast cancer in patients who have progressed on antihormonal agents, several molecules with diverse chemical structures have been rapidly developed, studied and evaluated for selective estrogen receptor downregulation activity. Here we compile the promising SERDs reported in recent years and discuss the chemical structure and pharmacological profile of the most potent compound of the considered series. Because of the availability of only a limited number of effective drugs for the treatment of breast cancer, the quest for a potent SERD with respectable activity and bioavailability is still ongoing. The goal of this article is to make available to the reader an overview of the current progress in SERDs and provide clues for the future discovery and development of novel pharmacological potent SERDs for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shagufta
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences , School of Arts and Sciences , American University of Ras Al Khaimah , P. O. Box 10021 , Ras Al Khaimah , United Arab Emirates . ;
| | - Irshad Ahmad
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences , School of Arts and Sciences , American University of Ras Al Khaimah , P. O. Box 10021 , Ras Al Khaimah , United Arab Emirates . ;
| | - Shimy Mathew
- Department of Biotechnology , School of Arts and Sciences , American University of Ras Al Khaimah , P. O. Box 10021 , Ras Al Khaimah , United Arab Emirates
| | - Sofia Rahman
- Department of Biotechnology , School of Arts and Sciences , American University of Ras Al Khaimah , P. O. Box 10021 , Ras Al Khaimah , United Arab Emirates
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71
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Klein-Júnior LC, Campos A, Niero R, Corrêa R, Vander Heyden Y, Filho VC. Xanthones and Cancer: from Natural Sources to Mechanisms of Action. Chem Biodivers 2020; 17:e1900499. [PMID: 31794156 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201900499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Xanthones are a class of heterocyclic natural products that have been widely studied for their pharmacological potential. In fact, they have been serving as scaffolds for the design of derivatives focusing on drug development. One of the main study targets of xanthones is their anticancer activity. Several compounds belonging to this class have already demonstrated cytotoxic and antitumor effects, making it a promising group for further exploration. This review therefore focuses on recently published studies, emphasizing their natural and synthetic sources and describing the main mechanisms of action responsible for the anticancer effect of promising xanthones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz C Klein-Júnior
- Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí - UNIVALI, 88302-901, Itajaí, Brazil
| | - Adriana Campos
- Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí - UNIVALI, 88302-901, Itajaí, Brazil
| | - Rivaldo Niero
- Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí - UNIVALI, 88302-901, Itajaí, Brazil
| | - Rogério Corrêa
- Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí - UNIVALI, 88302-901, Itajaí, Brazil
| | - Yvan Vander Heyden
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Applied Chemometrics and Molecular Modelling, Center for Pharmaceutical Research (CePhaR), Vrije Universiteit Brussel - VUB, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Valdir Cechinel Filho
- Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí - UNIVALI, 88302-901, Itajaí, Brazil
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Xiao Y, Xu B, Kang Y, Li Y, Cui Y, Liu W, Xiang Z. A Neuroinflammation Inhibitor, Hypoxylon xanthone A, from Soil Fungus Hypoxylon sp. LETT ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1570178616666191023100252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
:
Hypoxylon sp. was used to ferment at 25°C for 45 days. The solid culture of Hypoxylon sp.
was extracted with 75% EtOH under ultrasonic for twice. And the dried combined extracts were then
suspended in H2O and partitioned with ethyl acetate. EtOAc extracts were subjected to a silica gel column
and eluted with petroleum ether - acetone to a.ord seven fractions. Sephadex LH-20 and RPHPLC
were used subsequently to yield a novel xanthone metabolite (Hypoxylon xanthone A). Its structure
was elucidated based on HR-ESI-MS, 1D-, 2D-NMR spectra, and the comparison of the experimental
and calculated ECD spectra. The anti-neuroinflammatory assay of Hypoxylon xanthone A, as
manifested by the inhibitory effect on LPS-induced NO production in BV-2 microglial cells, indicated
almost the same inhibitory effect as minocycline in a dose-dependent manner within the concentration
of 1-50 μM, suggesting that Hypoxylon xanthone A could be a new potential neuroinflammation inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xiao
- Shenyang First People’s Hospital, Shenyang Brain Hospital, Shenyang Brain Institute, Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Shenyang, China
| | - Bing Xu
- Shenyang First People’s Hospital, Shenyang Brain Hospital, Shenyang Brain Institute, Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Shenyang, China
| | - You Kang
- Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin, China
| | - Yuedi Li
- Shenyang First People’s Hospital, Shenyang Brain Hospital, Shenyang Brain Institute, Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Shenyang, China
| | - Yong Cui
- School of Medical Devices, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zheng Xiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
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Cidade H, Rocha V, Palmeira A, Marques C, Tiritan ME, Ferreira H, Lobo JS, Almeida IF, Sousa ME, Pinto M. In silico and in vitro antioxidant and cytotoxicity evaluation of oxygenated xanthone derivatives. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2017.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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75
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Aye A, Song YJ, Jeon YD, Jin JS. Xanthone suppresses allergic contact dermatitis in vitro and in vivo. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 78:106061. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.106061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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76
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Wu J, Dai J, Zhang Y, Wang J, Huang L, Ding H, Li T, Zhang Y, Mao J, Yu S. Synthesis of Novel Xanthone Analogues and Their Growth Inhibitory Activity Against Human Lung Cancer A549 Cells. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2019; 13:4239-4246. [PMID: 31853172 PMCID: PMC6916687 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s217827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Xanthones demonstrated an array of pharmacological activities via non-covalent DNA interaction and have been widely utilized in new drug research. The introduction of the polar 1,2,3-triazole ring located at the C3-position of xanthone has not been reported thus far. Methods In the present study, a series of xanthone derivatives were designed, synthesized, and characterized through 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and MS. The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium method was used to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of compounds. Furthermore, the structure–activity relationship and the potential mechanism of target compounds were investigated. Results The IC50 showed that the inhibitory activity of 18 target compounds was higher than that of the original xanthone intermediate 4. In particular, compound 1j was the most active agent against A549 cancer cells (IC50 = 32.4 ± 2.2 μM). Moreover, apoptosis analysis indicated different contributions of early/late apoptosis to cell death for compounds 1h and 1j. The results of Western blotting analysis showed that compound 1j significantly increased the expression of caspase 3, Bax, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and regulated p53 to a better healthy state in cancer cells. Conclusion We synthesized several derivatives of xanthone and evaluated their cytotoxicity. The evidence suggested that compound 1j possessed greater anticancer potential for further evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqi Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinwei Dai
- College of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuyang Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongmei Ding
- College of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiejun Li
- College of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmacy, Punan Hospital, Shanghai 200125, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuefan Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.,Biomedical Innovation R&D Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 20444, People's Republic of China
| | - Junqin Mao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai 201299, People's Republic of China
| | - Shichong Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
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Yu L, Chen L, Luo G, Liu L, Zhu W, Yan P, Zhang P, Zhang C, Wu W. Study on Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 3-Aryl Substituted Xanthone Derivatives as Novel and Potent Tyrosinase Inhibitors. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2019; 67:1232-1241. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c19-00572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University
| | - Liandi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University
| | - Guolin Luo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University
| | - Licai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University
| | - Wenqi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University
| | - Pengke Yan
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University
| | - Peiquan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University
| | - Chao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University
| | - Wenhao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University
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78
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Xanthone derivatives from the leaves of Garcinia oligantha. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 181:111536. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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79
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Chen J, Sheykhahmad FR. Intramolecular cross‐dehydrogenative coupling of benzaldehyde derivatives: A novel and efficient route to benzocyclic ketones. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201900214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- Donlinks School of Economics and ManagementUniversity of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
- School of BusinessJiangxi University of Science and Technology Nanchang 330013 China
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Gatadi S, Gour J, Nanduri S. Natural product derived promising anti-MRSA drug leads: A review. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:3760-3774. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Antioxidant Nature Adds Further Therapeutic Value: An Updated Review on Natural Xanthones and Their Glycosides. DIGITAL CHINESE MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dcmed.2019.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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82
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Dhameja M, Gupta P. Synthetic heterocyclic candidates as promising α-glucosidase inhibitors: An overview. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 176:343-377. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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83
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Teixeira M, Pedro M, Nascimento MSJ, Pinto MMM, Barbosa CM. Development and characterization of PLGA nanoparticles containing 1,3-dihydroxy-2-methylxanthone with improved antitumor activity on a human breast cancer cell line. Pharm Dev Technol 2019; 24:1104-1114. [DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2019.1638398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maribel Teixeira
- CESPU, Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies, Gandra, Portugal
| | - Madalena Pedro
- CESPU, Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies, Gandra, Portugal
| | - Maria São José Nascimento
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Madalena M. M. Pinto
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Carlos Maurício Barbosa
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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84
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Enantioseparation, recognition mechanisms and binding of xanthones on human serum albumin by liquid chromatography. Bioanalysis 2019; 11:1255-1274. [PMID: 31298568 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2019-0074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To develop a method for enantioseparation of several chiral derivatives of xanthones (CDXs) by LC using a human serum albumin-chiral stationary phase (HSA-CSP) and screening CDX-HSA affinity. Additionally, recognition mechanisms were investigated. Materials & methods: The influence of organic modifier, buffer type, pH and ionic strength of mobile phase, and temperature were explored. The affinity was determined by measuring the retention times and further calculation of bound percentage. Chiral recognition mechanisms were investigated by docking. Results: Enantioselectivity and resolution values ranged from 1.40 to 9.16 and 1.51 to 4.97. Bound percentages ranged from 79.02 to 99.99%. Conclusion: LC systematic study and binding affinity of CDXs on HSA-CSP are presented here for the first time, expanding the applications of HSA-CSP for this class of compounds.
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85
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Wicks SL, Hargrove AE. Fluorescent indicator displacement assays to identify and characterize small molecule interactions with RNA. Methods 2019; 167:3-14. [PMID: 31051253 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2019.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluorescent indicator displacement (FID) assays are an advantageous approach to convert receptors into optical sensors that can detect binding of various ligands. In particular, the identification of ligands that bind to RNA receptors has become of increasing interest as the roles of RNA in cellular processes and disease pathogenesis continue to be discovered. Small molecules have been validated as tools to elucidate unknown RNA functions, underscoring the critical need to rapidly identify and quantitatively characterize RNA:small molecule interactions for the development of chemical probes. The successful application of FID assays to evaluate interactions between diverse RNA receptors and small molecules has been facilitated by the characterization of distinct fluorescent indicators that reversibly bind RNA and modulate the fluorescence signal. The utility of RNA-based FID assays to both academia and industry has been demonstrated through numerous uses in high-throughput screening efforts, structure-activity relationship studies, and in vitro target engagement studies. Furthermore, the development, optimization, and validation of a variety of RNA-based FID assays has led to general guidelines that can be utilized for facile implementation of the method with new or underexplored RNA receptors. Altogether, the use of RNA-based FID assays as a general analysis tool has provided valuable insights into small molecule affinity and selectivity, furthering the fundamental understanding of RNA:small molecule recognition. In this review, we will summarize efforts to employ FID assays using RNA receptors and describe the significant contributions of the method towards the development of chemical probes to reveal unknown RNA functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L Wicks
- Duke University, Department of Chemistry, Durham, NC 27705, United States
| | - Amanda E Hargrove
- Duke University, Department of Chemistry, Durham, NC 27705, United States.
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86
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Zhao Z, Song H, Xie J, Liu T, Zhao X, Chen X, He X, Wu S, Zhang Y, Zheng X. Research progress in the biological activities of 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamic acid (TMCA) derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 173:213-227. [PMID: 31009908 PMCID: PMC7115657 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
TMCA (3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamic acid) ester and amide are privileged structural scaffolds in drug discovery which are widely distributed in natural products and consequently produced diverse therapeutically relevant pharmacological functions. Owing to the potential of TMCA ester and amide analogues as therapeutic agents, researches on chemical syntheses and modifications have been carried out to drug-like candidates with broad range of medicinal properties such as antitumor, antiviral, CNS (central nervous system) agents, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and hematologic agents for a long time. At the same time, SAR (structure-activity relationship) studies have draw greater attention among medicinal chemists, and many of the lead compounds were derived for various disease targets. However, there is an urgent need for the medicinal chemists to further exploit the precursor in developing chemical entities with promising bioactivity and druggability. This review concisely summarizes the synthesis and biological activity for TMCA ester and amide analogues. It also comprehensively reveals the relationship of significant biological activities along with SAR studies. 3,4,5-Trimethoxycinnamic acid (TMCA) derivatives show applications in different pathophysiological conditions due to its privileged structural scaffolds. Natural derived TMCA analogues and chemically modified TMCA ester and amide analogues and their bioactivities are focused in this review. Additionally, it also comprehensively summarized the relationship of significant biological activities along with SAR studies of synthetic TMCA derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zefeng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Huanhuan Song
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, China; Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China
| | - Jing Xie
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Tian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Xue Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Xufei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Xirui He
- Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Shaoping Wu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, China; Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China.
| | - Yongmin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, China; Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China; Sorbonne Université, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 8232, 4 place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Xiaohui Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, China.
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87
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Fernandes C, Carraro ML, Ribeiro J, Araújo J, Tiritan ME, Pinto MMM. Synthetic Chiral Derivatives of Xanthones: Biological Activities and Enantioselectivity Studies. Molecules 2019; 24:E791. [PMID: 30813236 PMCID: PMC6412826 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24040791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many naturally occurring xanthones are chiral and present a wide range of biological and pharmacological activities. Some of them have been exhaustively studied and subsequently, obtained by synthesis. In order to obtain libraries of compounds for structure activity relationship (SAR) studies as well as to improve the biological activity, new bioactive analogues and derivatives inspired in natural prototypes were synthetized. Bioactive natural xanthones compromise a large structural multiplicity of compounds, including a diversity of chiral derivatives. Thus, recently an exponential interest in synthetic chiral derivatives of xanthones (CDXs) has been witnessed. The synthetic methodologies can afford structures that otherwise could not be reached within the natural products for biological activity and SAR studies. Another reason that justifies this trend is that both enantiomers can be obtained by using appropriate synthetic pathways, allowing the possibility to perform enantioselectivity studies. In this work, a literature review of synthetic CDXs is presented. The structures, the approaches used for their synthesis and the biological activities are described, emphasizing the enantioselectivity studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Fernandes
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Maria Letícia Carraro
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - João Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Joana Araújo
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Maria Elizabeth Tiritan
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
- Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Politécnico e Universitário (CESPU), Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde (IINFACTS), Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra PRD, Portugal.
| | - Madalena M M Pinto
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
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88
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Araújo J, Fernandes C, Pinto M, Tiritan ME. Chiral Derivatives of Xanthones with Antimicrobial Activity. Molecules 2019; 24:E314. [PMID: 30654546 PMCID: PMC6359477 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24020314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization, the exacerbated use of antibiotics worldwide is increasing multi-resistant infections, especially in the last decade. Xanthones are a class of compounds receiving great interest in drug discovery and development that can be found as natural products or obtained by synthesis. Many derivatives of xanthones are chiral and associated with relevant biological activities, including antimicrobial. The aim of this review is to compile information about chiral derivatives of xanthones from natural sources and their synthesized examples with antimicrobial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Araújo
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Carla Fernandes
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Edificio do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Madalena Pinto
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Edificio do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Maria Elizabeth Tiritan
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Edificio do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
- Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies, Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politécnico e Universitário (CESPU), Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra PRD, Portugal.
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89
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Klein-Júnior LC, Corrêa R, Vander Heyden Y, Cechinel Filho V. All that glitters is not gold: Panning cytotoxic natural products and derivatives with a fused tricyclic backbone by the estimation of their leadlikeness for cancer treatment. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 166:1-10. [PMID: 30684866 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Tricyclic compounds call the attention because of their pharmacological properties, and are considered a preferred platform for the development of drugs. Especially, in cancer treatment, these planar compounds are known for their ability to stack with DNA base pairs, acting as intercalators. In this sense, natural products (NPs) are a prodigal source of polycyclic compounds, comprising classes, such as carbolines, anthraquinones and xanthones. However, most of these compounds lack suitable physico-chemical properties, compatible to oral bioaviability. In this perspective, this paper aims to overview the role of tricyclic cores in the development of cytotoxic compounds, focusing on the leadlikeness estimation of the most prominent NP classes and their synthetic derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Carlos Klein-Júnior
- Chemical-Pharmaceutical Investigation Center, University do Vale do Itajaí - UNIVALI, Rua Uruguai 456, 88.302-202, Itajaí, SC, Brazil.
| | - Rogério Corrêa
- Chemical-Pharmaceutical Investigation Center, University do Vale do Itajaí - UNIVALI, Rua Uruguai 456, 88.302-202, Itajaí, SC, Brazil
| | - Yvan Vander Heyden
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Applied Chemometrics and Molecular Modelling, Center for Pharmaceutical Research (CePhaR), Vrije Universiteit Brussel - VUB, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Valdir Cechinel Filho
- Chemical-Pharmaceutical Investigation Center, University do Vale do Itajaí - UNIVALI, Rua Uruguai 456, 88.302-202, Itajaí, SC, Brazil
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90
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Ribeiro J, Veloso C, Fernandes C, Tiritan ME, Pinto MMM. Carboxyxanthones: Bioactive Agents and Molecular Scaffold for Synthesis of Analogues and Derivatives. Molecules 2019; 24:E180. [PMID: 30621303 PMCID: PMC6337274 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24010180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Xanthones represent a structurally diverse group of compounds with a broad range of biological and pharmacological activities, depending on the nature and position of various substituents in the dibenzo-γ-pyrone scaffold. Among the large number of natural and synthetic xanthone derivatives, carboxyxanthones are very interesting bioactive compounds as well as important chemical substrates for molecular modifications to obtain new derivatives. A remarkable example is 5,6-dimethylxanthone-4-acetic acid (DMXAA), a simple carboxyxanthone derivative, originally developed as an anti-tumor agent and the first of its class to enter phase III clinical trials. From DMXAA new bioactive analogues and derivatives were also described. In this review, a literature survey covering the report on carboxyxanthone derivatives is presented, emphasizing their biological activities as well as their application as suitable building blocks to obtain new bioactive derivatives. The data assembled in this review intends to highlight the therapeutic potential of carboxyxanthone derivatives and guide the design for new bioactive xanthone derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Cláudia Veloso
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Carla Fernandes
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Maria Elizabeth Tiritan
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
- Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Politécnico e Universitário (CESPU), Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde (IINFACTS), Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra PRD, Portugal.
| | - Madalena M M Pinto
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
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91
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Montana M, Mathias F, Terme T, Vanelle P. Antitumoral activity of quinoxaline derivatives: A systematic review. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 163:136-147. [PMID: 30503938 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.11.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death and a major health problem worldwide. While many effective anticancer agents are available, the majority of drugs currently on the market are not specific, raising issues like the common side effects of chemotherapy. However, recent research hold promise for the development of more efficient and safer anticancer drugs. Quinoxaline and its derivatives are becoming recognized as a novel class of chemotherapeutic agents with activity against different tumors. The present review compiles and discusses studies concerning the therapeutic potential of the anticancer activity of quinoxaline derivatives, covering articles published between July 2013 and July 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Montana
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire ICR, UMR 7273, Laboratoire de Pharmaco-Chimie Radicalaire, Marseille, France; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Oncopharma, Hôpital Nord, Marseille, France
| | - F Mathias
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire ICR, UMR 7273, Laboratoire de Pharmaco-Chimie Radicalaire, Marseille, France
| | - T Terme
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire ICR, UMR 7273, Laboratoire de Pharmaco-Chimie Radicalaire, Marseille, France
| | - P Vanelle
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire ICR, UMR 7273, Laboratoire de Pharmaco-Chimie Radicalaire, Marseille, France; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Service Central de la qualité et de l'information pharmaceutiques (SCQIP), Marseille, France.
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92
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Kang HH, Zhang HB, Zhong MJ, Ma LY, Liu DS, Liu WZ, Ren H. Potential Antiviral Xanthones from a Coastal Saline Soil Fungus Aspergillus iizukae. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:md16110449. [PMID: 30445748 PMCID: PMC6265927 DOI: 10.3390/md16110449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Five new (1–5) and two known xanthones (6 and 7), one of the latter (6) obtained for the first time as a natural product, together with three known anthraquinones, questin, penipurdin A, and questinol, were isolated from the coastal saline soil-derived Aspergillus iizukae by application of an OSMAC (one strain many compounds) approach. Their structures were determined by interpretation of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy (HRESIMS) data, as well as comparison of these data with those of related known compounds. Antiviral activity of xanthones 1−7 was evaluated through the cytopathic effect (CPE) inhibition assay, and compound 2 exhibited distinctly strong activity towards influenza virus (H1N1), herpes simplex virus types 1 (HSV-1) and 2 (HSV-2) with IC50 values of 44.6, 21.4, and 76.7 μM, respectively, which indicated that it was worth to further investigate it as a potential lead compound. The preliminary structure-activity relationship of the xanthones is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Hui Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China.
| | - Huai-Bin Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China.
| | - Mei-Jia Zhong
- College of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China.
| | - Li-Ying Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China.
| | - De-Sheng Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China.
| | - Wei-Zhong Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China.
| | - Hong Ren
- Beijing Higher Institution Engineering Research Center of Food Additives and Ingredients, Beijing Key Laboratory of Flavor Chemistry, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
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93
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α-Mangostin Alleviated Lipopolysaccharide Induced Acute Lung Injury in Rats by Suppressing NAMPT/NAD Controlled Inflammatory Reactions. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:5470187. [PMID: 30405740 PMCID: PMC6199890 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5470187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
α-Mangostin (MAN) is a bioactive xanthone isolated from mangosteen. This study was designed to investigate its therapeutic effects on acute lung injury (ALI) and explore the underlying mechanisms of action. Rats from treatment groups were subject to oral administration of MAN for 3 consecutive days beforehand, and then ALI was induced in all the rats except for normal controls via an intraperitoneal injection with lipopolysaccharide. The severity of disease was evaluated by histological examination and hematological analysis. Protein expressions in tissues and cells were examined with immunohistochemical and immunoblotting methods, respectively. The levels of cytokines and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) were determined using ELISA and colorimetric kits, respectively. It was found that MAN treatment significantly improved histological conditions, reduced leucocytes counts, relieved oxidative stress, and declined TNF-α levels in ALI rats. Meanwhile, MAN treatment decreased expressions of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) and Sirt1 both in vivo and in vitro, which was accompanied with a synchronized decline of NAD and TNF-α. Immunoblotting assay further showed that MAN downregulated HMGB1, TLR4, and p-p65 in RAW 264.7 cells. MAN induced declines of both HMGB1/TLR4/p-p65 and TNF-α were substantially reversed by cotreatment with nicotinamide mononucleotide or NAD. These results suggest that downregulation of NAMPT/NAD by MAN treatments contributes to the alleviation of TLR4/NF-κB-mediated inflammations in macrophage, which is essential for amelioration of ALI in rats.
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Hekal MH, Abu El-Azm FSM. New potential antitumor quinazolinones derived from dynamic 2-undecyl benzoxazinone: Synthesis and cytotoxic evaluation. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2018.1490433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed H. Hekal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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95
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Du X, Liu D, Huang J, Zhang C, Proksch P, Lin W. Polyketide derivatives from the sponge associated fungus Aspergillus europaeus with antioxidant and NO inhibitory activities. Fitoterapia 2018; 130:190-197. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2018.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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96
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Otrubova K, Fitzgerald AE, Mani NS. A novel entry to xanthones by an intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction involving 2-(1,2-dichlorovinyloxy) aryl dienones. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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97
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Santos CMM, Freitas M, Fernandes E. A comprehensive review on xanthone derivatives as α-glucosidase inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 157:1460-1479. [PMID: 30282319 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.07.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
α-Glucosidase plays an important role in carbohydrate metabolism and is therefore an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of diabetes, obesity and other related complications. In the last two decades, considerable interest has been given to natural and synthetic xanthone derivatives in this field of research. Herein, a comprehensive review of the literature on xanthones as inhibitors of α-glucosidase activity, their mechanism of action, experimental procedures and structure-activity relationships have been reviewed for more than 280 analogs. With this overview we intend to motivate and challenge researchers (e.g. chemistry, biology, pharmaceutical and medicinal areas) for the design of novel xanthones as multipotent drugs and exploit the properties of this class of compounds in the management of diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clementina M M Santos
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253, Bragança, Portugal; Department of Chemistry, QOPNA &University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Marisa Freitas
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Eduarda Fernandes
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
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98
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Novel Mannich bases of α- and γ-mangostins: Synthesis and evaluation of antioxidant and membrane-protective activity. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 152:10-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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99
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Lorenz P, Heller A, Bunse M, Heinrich M, Berger M, Conrad J, Stintzing FC, Kammerer DR. Structure Elucidation of the Main Tetrahydroxyxanthones of Hypericum Seeds and Investigations into the Testa Structure. Chem Biodivers 2018; 15:e1800035. [PMID: 29575712 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201800035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Seeds from Hypericum species have recently been identified as an interesting source of xanthone derivatives. Extraction of seeds from H. perforatum with MeOH and subsequent concentration via polyamide adsorption yielded a fraction enriched in tetrahydroxyxanthones (THX), which were further semipurified by silica gel chromatography. Based on tentative structure assignment of the two main THX X1 and X2 by NMR a total synthesis was performed for both compounds (THX 1 and 2, respectively), starting with an Ullmann ether synthesis. The synthesized 1 and 2 were characterized via 1D- and 2D-NMR methods as well as by LC/HR-MS analysis and proven to be 1,4,6,7-THX (1) and 1,2,6,7-THX (2). Final structure assignment of the natural Hypericum THX constituents was accomplished by comparing chromatographic and spectroscopic data (LC/MSn and GC/MS) with those of 1 and 2 which were obtained by synthesis. Beyond, investigations into the seeds of H. perforatum and H. tetrapterum by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) provided insights of the structure of the testa (seed coat), which is established by two cell layers, with the lignified sclerenchyma presumably being the depository of the xanthones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Lorenz
- Department of Analytical Development & Research, Section Phytochemical Research, WALA Heilmittel GmbH, Dorfstr. 1, DE-73087, Bad Boll/Eckwälden, Germany
| | - Annerose Heller
- Institute of Botany (210), University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 30, DE-70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Marek Bunse
- Department of Analytical Development & Research, Section Phytochemical Research, WALA Heilmittel GmbH, Dorfstr. 1, DE-73087, Bad Boll/Eckwälden, Germany
| | - Miriam Heinrich
- Department of Analytical Development & Research, Section Phytochemical Research, WALA Heilmittel GmbH, Dorfstr. 1, DE-73087, Bad Boll/Eckwälden, Germany
| | - Melanie Berger
- Department of Analytical Development & Research, Section Phytochemical Research, WALA Heilmittel GmbH, Dorfstr. 1, DE-73087, Bad Boll/Eckwälden, Germany
| | - Jürgen Conrad
- Institute of Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry (130b), University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 30, DE-70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Florian C Stintzing
- Department of Analytical Development & Research, Section Phytochemical Research, WALA Heilmittel GmbH, Dorfstr. 1, DE-73087, Bad Boll/Eckwälden, Germany
| | - Dietmar R Kammerer
- Department of Analytical Development & Research, Section Phytochemical Research, WALA Heilmittel GmbH, Dorfstr. 1, DE-73087, Bad Boll/Eckwälden, Germany
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100
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Shi Y, Cao C, Zhu Y, Gao T, Yang W, Liu Mingzhu Qi M, Huang R, Qian D, Duan JA. Comparative pharmacokinetic study of the components of Jia-Wei-Kai-Xin-San in normal and vascular dementia rats by ultra-fast liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2018; 41:2504-2516. [PMID: 29577615 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201701144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A fast, sensitive, and reliable ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry method has been developed and validated for simultaneous quantification of geniposide, polygalaxanthone III, 3,6'-disinapoyl sucrose, α-asarone, β-asarone, poricoic acid A, poricoic acid B, dehydrotumulosic acid, deoxyschizandrin, schizandrin B, and kaempferide in plasma after oral administration of extracts of Jia-Wei-Kai-Xin-San in normal and vascular dementia rats. The developed method was precise and accurate within the linearity range of the analytes. The lower limits of quantification were 1.04-2.68 ng/mL for all the analytes. Both intra- and inter day precision and accuracy of the analytes were all within accepted criteria. The mean extraction recoveries of the analytes and the internal standard from rat plasma were all >60.0%. The validated method had been successfully applied to compare pharmacokinetic profiles of the analytes in plasma of normal and vascular dementia rat treated with herbal extracts. Results indicated that differences existed between normal and vascular dementia model rats except dehydrotumulosic acid and kaempferide, which might be due to the pathology of vascular dementia and pharmacological effect of the analytes. These pharmacokinetic studies might benefit for the mechanism exploration and clinical use of traditional Chinese medicine formulae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nan Jing, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nan Jing, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Yue Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nan Jing, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Ting Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nan Jing, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Wen Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nan Jing, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Mengqiu Liu Mingzhu Qi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nan Jing, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Renjie Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nan Jing, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Dawei Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nan Jing, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nan Jing, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
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