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Liu H, Lu S, Zhang B, Xia W, Liu W, Peng Y, Zhang H, Wu K, Xu S, Li Y. Maternal arsenic exposure and birth outcomes: A birth cohort study in Wuhan, China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 236:817-823. [PMID: 29462776 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Maternal arsenic exposure leads to adverse birth outcomes, but the critical window of this susceptibility keeps unclear. To determine whether the associations between maternal arsenic exposure and birth outcomes were trimester-specific, we conducted a birth cohort study of 1390 women from 2014 to 2016 in Wuhan, China. We examined associations between total urinary arsenic concentrations in three trimesters and birth weight, birth length and the risk of small for gestational age (SGA), and the differences of these associations across trimesters using generalized estimating equations. Maternal urinary arsenic concentrations varied across trimesters and were weakly correlated. Arsenic concentrations in the 3rd trimester, but not in the 1st and 2nd trimesters, were associated with birth outcomes. For each doubling of arsenic levels in the 3rd trimester, birth weight was decreased 24.27 g (95% confidence interval (CI): -46.99, -1.55), birth length was decreased 0.13 cm (95% CI: -0.22, -0.04), and the risk for SGA birth was increased 25% (95% CI: 1.03, 1.49). Further, stratified analyses indicated that these associations were only observed in female infants. Our findings indicate maternal arsenic levels in the 3rd trimester seemed to have significant impacts on birth outcomes, and also emphasize the public health interventions relevance to arsenic exposure in late pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxiu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (HUST), Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shi Lu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Wuhan Medical and Health Center for Women and Children, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (HUST), Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wenyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (HUST), Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yang Peng
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (HUST), Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | | | - Kangbing Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shunqing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (HUST), Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (HUST), Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Zhang Y, Xu X, Chen A, Davuljigari CB, Zheng X, Kim SS, Dietrich KN, Ho SM, Reponen T, Huo X. Maternal urinary cadmium levels during pregnancy associated with risk of sex-dependent birth outcomes from an e-waste pollution site in China. Reprod Toxicol 2018; 75:49-55. [PMID: 29154917 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This study was to investigate whether exposure to cadmium (Cd) during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of adverse birth outcomes in a sex-dependent manner. Cd concentrations in maternal urine (U-Cd) samples were measured in 237 subjects from Guiyu (e-waste area) and 212 subjects from Haojiang. A significance level of p <0.05 was used for all analyses. The maternal U-Cd levels in Guiyu residents were significantly higher than Haojiang. We found significant inverse associations between U-Cd concentrations and birth anthropometry (birth weight, birth length, Head Circumference and Apgar scores with 1min and 5 mins) in female neonates, but no significant associations were observed in male neonates except Apgar (1min) score after adjustment. The association was more pronounced among female neonates than male neonates, suggesting an association between Cd and adverse birth outcomes may be sex-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Zhang
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Xijin Xu
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China; Departments of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Aimin Chen
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Chand Basha Davuljigari
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiangbin Zheng
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Stephani S Kim
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Kim N Dietrich
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Shuk-Mei Ho
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Tiina Reponen
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Xia Huo
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Guangzhou and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China.
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Sekovanić A, Jurasović J, Piasek M, Pašalić D, Orct T, Grgec AS, Stasenko S, Čakanić KB, Jazbec A. Metallothionein 2A gene polymorphism and trace elements in mother-newborn pairs in the Croatian population. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2018; 45:163-170. [PMID: 29173474 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2017.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The main source of exposure for all essential and toxic elements in the general population is diet. In smokers, the main route for cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) intake is the inhalation of tobacco smoke. Besides gender, age, nutrition, lifestyle, and physiological conditions such as pregnancy, specific genetic characteristics also influence individual element uptake. Metallothionein MT2 is a cysteine-rich low-weight protein found ubiquitously throughout the body. Specific gene polymorphism may influence MT2 expression and subsequent binding, transfer and organ accumulation of metals, though data on these influences are lacking, especially in human mother-newborn pairs. The objective of this study was to determine selected toxic (Cd, Pb, Hg) and essential (Fe, Zn, Cu, Se) elements in maternal blood, placenta, and cord blood (by ICP-MS), and MT2 levels in maternal serum (by ELISA) in relation to maternal MT2A -5A/G (rs28366003) polymorphism (by RFLP-PCR and electrophoresis). Study participants were healthy postpartum women in Croatia (n=268, mean age 29 years) with term vaginal childbirth in a maternity ward assigned into two study groups by self-reporting about their smoking habit (by questionnaire). Smokers vs. non-smokers had increased levels of Cd and Pb in all measured samples, Fe and Cu in cord blood, Zn in placenta, and MT2 in maternal serum. Among subjects with AG/GG genotype, placental Fe was significantly lower only among non-smokers, while MT2 levels in serum were lower, though not significantly, regardless of maternal smoking habit. There was no impact of MT2A -5A/G SNP on any element in maternal or cord blood. In conclusion, the results confirmed maternal smoking-related increases in Cd and Pb levels in the maternal-placental-foetal unit. They also provided additional data on concomitant metal concentrations in representative samples of maternal blood, placenta, and cord blood, as well as increased cord blood Fe and Cu, placental Zn, and maternal serum MT2 in smokers. New evidence is that MT2A -5A/G SNP was associated with decreased placental Fe levels in non-smokers. For a final conclusion on the influence of the MT2A -5A/G polymorphism on toxic and essential element levels in mother-newborn pairs, further research would require a larger number of participants divided across subgroups defined by the main source of particular toxic metal exposure (such as specific food intake, cigarette smoking, air pollution and/or occupational exposure).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankica Sekovanić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jasna Jurasović
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Martina Piasek
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Daria Pašalić
- University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tatjana Orct
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
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Ballester F, Iñiguez C, Murcia M, Guxens M, Basterretxea M, Rebagliato M, Vioque J, Lertxundi A, Fernandez-Somoano A, Tardon A, Sunyer J, Llop S. Prenatal exposure to mercury and longitudinally assessed fetal growth: Relation and effect modifiers. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 160:97-106. [PMID: 28968527 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal mercury exposure has been related to reductions in anthropometry at birth. Levels of mercury have been reported as being relatively elevated in the Spanish population. OBJECTIVE To investigate the relation between prenatal exposure to mercury and fetal growth. METHODS Study subjects were pregnant women and their newborns (n:1867) participating in a population-based birth cohort study set up in four Spanish regions from the INMA Project. Biparietal diameter (BPD), femur length (FL), abdominal circumference (AC), and estimated fetal weight (EFW) were measured by ultrasounds at 12, 20, and 34 weeks of gestation. Size at and growth between these points were assessed by standard deviation (SD) scores adjusted for constitutional characteristics. Total mercury (T-Hg) was determined in cord blood. Associations were investigated by linear regression models, adjusted by sociodemographic, environmental, nutritional - including four seafood groups - and lifestyle-related variables in each sub-cohort. Final estimates were obtained using meta-analysis. Effect modification by sex, seafood intake and polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congener 153 concentration was assessed. RESULTS Geometric mean of cord blood T-Hg was 8.2μg/L. All the estimates of the association between prenatal Hg and growth from 0 to 12 weeks showed reductions in SD-scores, which were only statistically significant for BPD. A doubling of cord blood T-Hg was associated with a 0.58% reduction in size of BPD at week 12 (95% confidence interval -CI-: - 1.10, - 0.07). Size at week 34 showed estimates suggestive of a small reduction in EFW, i.e., a doubling of T-Hg levels was associated with a reduction of 0.38% (95% CI: - 0.91, 0.15). An interaction between PCB153 and T-Hg was found, with statistically significant negative associations of T-Hg with AC and EFW in late pregnancy among participants with PCB153 below the median. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to mercury during pregnancy was associated with early reductions in BPD. Moreover, an antagonism with PCB 153 was observed with noteworthy reductions late in pregnancy in AC and EFW in the group with lower PCB153.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferran Ballester
- Nursing School, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València Joint Research Unit of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Valencia, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Carmen Iñiguez
- FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València Joint Research Unit of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Valencia, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Mario Murcia
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València Joint Research Unit of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mònica Guxens
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Centre-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mikel Basterretxea
- Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, San Sebastián, Spain; Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Marisa Rebagliato
- FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València Joint Research Unit of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Valencia, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Medicine Department, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Spain
| | - Jesús Vioque
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Universidad Miguel Hernández, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Aitana Lertxundi
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Universidad del País Vasco, Spain
| | - Ana Fernandez-Somoano
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; IUOPA, Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, Spain
| | - Adonina Tardon
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Jordi Sunyer
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sabrina Llop
- FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València Joint Research Unit of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Valencia, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
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Ryu J, Ha EH, Kim BN, Ha M, Kim Y, Park H, Hong YC, Kim KN. Associations of prenatal and early childhood mercury exposure with autistic behaviors at 5years of age: The Mothers and Children's Environmental Health (MOCEH) study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 605-606:251-257. [PMID: 28667852 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although mercury is an established neurotoxin, only few longitudinal studies have investigated the association between prenatal and early childhood mercury exposure and autistic behaviors. METHODS We conducted a longitudinal cohort study using an ongoing prospective birth cohort initiated in 2006, wherein blood mercury levels were measured at early and late pregnancy; in cord blood; and at 2 and 3years of age. We analyzed 458 mother-child pairs. Autistic behaviors were assessed using the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) at 5years of age. Both continuous SRS T-scores and T-scores dichotomized by a score of ≥60 or <60 were used as outcomes. RESULTS The geometric mean of mercury concentrations in cord blood was 5.52μg/L. In adjusted models, a doubling of blood mercury levels at late pregnancy (β=1.84, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.39, 3.29), in cord blood (β=2.24, 95% CI: 0.22, 4.27), and at 2years (β=2.12, 95% CI: 0.54, 3.70) and 3years (β=2.80, 95% CI: 0.89, 4.72) of age was positively associated with the SRS T-scores. When the SRS T-scores were dichotomized, we observed positive associations with mercury levels at late pregnancy (relative risk [RR]=1.31, 95% CI: 1.08, 1.60) and in cord blood (RR=1.28, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.63). CONCLUSION We found that blood mercury levels at late pregnancy and early childhood were associated with more autistic behaviors in children at 5years of age. Further study on the long-term effects of mercury exposure is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Ryu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Hee Ha
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Boong-Nyun Kim
- Division of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mina Ha
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yangho Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyesook Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Chul Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Nam Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Public Health and Medical Service, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Prenatal Heavy Metal Exposure and Adverse Birth Outcomes in Myanmar: A Birth-Cohort Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14111339. [PMID: 29099808 PMCID: PMC5707978 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14111339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Revised: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic, cadmium and lead are well-known environmental contaminants, and their toxicity at low concentration is the target of scientific concern. In this study, we aimed to identify the potential effects of prenatal heavy metal exposure on the birth outcomes among the Myanmar population. This study is part of a birth-cohort study conducted with 419 pregnant women in the Ayeyarwady Division, Myanmar. Face-to-face interviews were performed using a questionnaire, and maternal spot urine samples were collected at the third trimester. Birth outcomes were evaluated at delivery during the follow up. The median values of adjusted urinary arsenic, cadmium, selenium and lead concentration were 74.2, 0.9, 22.6 and 1.8 μg/g creatinine, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that prenatal cadmium exposure (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.10; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01–1.21; p = 0.043), gestational age (adjusted OR = 0.83; 95% CI: 0.72–0.95; p = 0.009) and primigravida mothers (adjusted OR = 4.23; 95% CI: 1.31–13.65; p = 0.016) were the predictors of low birth weight. The present study identified that Myanmar mothers were highly exposed to cadmium. Prenatal maternal cadmium exposure was associated with an occurrence of low birth weight.
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Rahman ML, Valeri L, Kile ML, Mazumdar M, Mostofa G, Qamruzzaman Q, Rahman M, Baccarelli A, Liang L, Hauser R, Christiani DC. Investigating causal relation between prenatal arsenic exposure and birthweight: Are smaller infants more susceptible? ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2017; 108:32-40. [PMID: 28787626 PMCID: PMC5623127 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2017.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shortening of gestation and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) are the two main determinants of birthweight. Low birthweight has been linked with prenatal arsenic exposure, but the causal relation between arsenic and birthweight is not well understood. OBJECTIVES We applied a quantile causal mediation analysis approach to determine the association between prenatal arsenic exposure and birthweight in relation to shortening of gestation and IUGR, and whether the susceptibility of arsenic exposure varies by infant birth sizes. METHODS In a longitudinal birth cohort in Bangladesh, we measured arsenic in drinking water (n=1182) collected at enrollment and maternal toenails (n=1104) collected ≤1-month postpartum using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Gestational age was determined using ultrasound at ≤16weeks' gestation. Demographic information was collected using a structured questionnaire. RESULTS Of 1184 singleton livebirths, 16.4% (n=194) were low birthweight (<2500g), 21.9% (n=259) preterm (<37weeks' gestation), and 9.2% (n=109) both low birthweight and preterm. The median concentrations of arsenic in drinking water and maternal toenails were 2.2μg/L (range: below the level of detection [LOD]-1400) and 1.2μg/g (range: <LOD-46.6), respectively. Prenatal arsenic exposure was negatively associated with birthweight, where the magnitude of the association varied across birthweight percentiles. The effect of arsenic on birthweight mediated via shortening of gestation affected all infants irrespective of birth sizes (β range: 10th percentile=-19.7g [95% CI: -26.7, -13.3] to 90th percentile=-10.9g [95% CI: -18.5, -5.9] per natural log water arsenic increase), whereas the effect via pathways independent of gestational age affected only the smaller infants (β range: 10th percentile=-28.0g [95% CI: -43.8, -9.9] to 20th percentile=-14.9g [95% CI: -30.3, -1.7] per natural log water arsenic increase). Similar pattern was observed for maternal toenail arsenic. CONCLUSIONS The susceptibility of prenatal arsenic exposure varied by infant birth sizes, placing smaller infants at greater risk of lower birthweight by shortening of gestation and possibly growth restriction. It is important to mitigate prenatal arsenic exposure to improve perinatal outcomes in Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad L Rahman
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Linda Valeri
- McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts, USA, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Molly L Kile
- Oregon State University, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Maitreyi Mazumdar
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Andrea Baccarelli
- Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Liming Liang
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Russ Hauser
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David C Christiani
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Boston, MA, USA.
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Williams LJ, Chen L, Zosky GR. The respiratory health effects of geogenic (earth derived) PM10. Inhal Toxicol 2017; 29:342-355. [DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2017.1367054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lewis J. Williams
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Ling Chen
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Graeme R. Zosky
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
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Sabra S, Malmqvist E, Saborit A, Gratacós E, Gomez Roig MD. Heavy metals exposure levels and their correlation with different clinical forms of fetal growth restriction. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0185645. [PMID: 28985223 PMCID: PMC5630121 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prenatal heavy metals exposure has shown a negative impact on birth weight. However, their influence on different clinical forms of fetal smallness was never assessed. Objectives To investigate whether there is a differential association between heavy metals exposure and fetal smallness subclassification into intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and small-for-gestational age (SGA). Method In this prospective case-control study, we included 178 mother–infant pairs; 96 of appropriate for gestational age (AGA) and 82 of small fetuses diagnosed in third trimester. The small ones were further subclassified into IUGR, n = 49 and SGA, n = 33. Cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), arsenic (As) and zinc (Zn) levels were measured in the maternal and cord serum, and in the placentas of the three groups. Results Maternal serum level of Cd (p<0.001) was higher in the small fetuses compared to AGA. Fetal serum level of Cd (p<0.001) was increased in the small fetuses compared to AGA. Fetal serum level of Hg (p<0.05) showed an increase in SGA compared to both IUGR and AGA. Fetal serum level of Zn was increased in the AGA (p < 0.001) compared to each of the small fetuses groups. Only differences in the levels between the small fetuses’ subgroups were detected in the fetal serum levels of Cd and Hg. Fetal birth weight was negatively correlated with the fetal serum level of Cd (p < 0.001). No differences in the placental heavy metal levels were observed among the groups. Conclusion Fetal serum levels of Cd showed differential correlation between small fetuses' clinical subclassification, which together with the increased Cd levels in both maternal and fetal serum of the small fetuses reinforce the negative influence of heavy metals on birth weight. These findings provide more opportunities to verify the role of heavy metals exposure in relation to small fetuses’ subclassification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Sabra
- BCNatal | Barcelona Center for Maternal Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Sant Joan de Déu and Hospital Clínic), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ebba Malmqvist
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Alicia Saborit
- BCNatal | Barcelona Center for Maternal Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Sant Joan de Déu and Hospital Clínic), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Gratacós
- BCNatal | Barcelona Center for Maternal Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Sant Joan de Déu and Hospital Clínic), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, and Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Dolores Gomez Roig
- BCNatal | Barcelona Center for Maternal Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Sant Joan de Déu and Hospital Clínic), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Maternal and Child Health and Development Network Retics Red SAMID, Health Research Institute Carlos III, Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Santa Rosa 39–57, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- * E-mail:
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High serum lead concentration in the first trimester is associated with an elevated risk of small-for-gestational-age infants. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2017; 332:75-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Rahman A, Granberg C, Persson LÅ. Early life arsenic exposure, infant and child growth, and morbidity: a systematic review. Arch Toxicol 2017; 91:3459-3467. [PMID: 28905217 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-017-2061-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have suggested a negative association between early life arsenic exposure and fetal size at birth, and subsequently with child morbidity and growth. However, our understanding of the relationship between arsenic exposure and morbidity and growth is limited. This paper aims to systematically review original human studies with an analytical epidemiological study design that have assessed arsenic exposure in fetal life or early childhood and evaluated the association with one or several of the following outcomes: fetal growth, birth weight or other birth anthropometry, infant and child growth, infectious disease morbidity in infancy and early childhood. A literature search was conducted in PubMed, TOXLINE, Web of Science, SciFinder and Scopus databases filtered for human studies. Based on the predefined eligibility criteria, two authors independently evaluated the studies. A total of 707 studies with morbidity outcomes were identified, of which six studies were eligible and included in this review. For the growth outcomes, a total of 2959 studies were found and nine fulfilled the criteria and were included in the review. A majority of the papers (10/15) emanated from Bangladesh, three from the USA, one from Romania and one from Canada. All included studies on arsenic exposure and morbidity showed an increased risk of respiratory tract infections and diarrhea. The findings in the studies of arsenic exposure and fetal, infant, and child growth were heterogeneous. Arsenic exposure was not associated with fetal growth. There was limited evidence of negative associations between arsenic exposures and birth weight and growth during early childhood. More studies from arsenic-affected low- and middle-income countries are needed to support the generalizability of study findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anisur Rahman
- Maternal and Child Health Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr, b), 68, Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Sarani Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh.
| | - Caroline Granberg
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH), Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars-Åke Persson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH), Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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Rattan S, Zhou C, Chiang C, Mahalingam S, Brehm E, Flaws JA. Exposure to endocrine disruptors during adulthood: consequences for female fertility. J Endocrinol 2017; 233:R109-R129. [PMID: 28356401 PMCID: PMC5479690 DOI: 10.1530/joe-17-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals are ubiquitous chemicals that exhibit endocrine disrupting properties in both humans and animals. Female reproduction is an important process, which is regulated by hormones and is susceptible to the effects of exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals. Disruptions in female reproductive functions by endocrine disrupting chemicals may result in subfertility, infertility, improper hormone production, estrous and menstrual cycle abnormalities, anovulation, and early reproductive senescence. This review summarizes the effects of a variety of synthetic endocrine disrupting chemicals on fertility during adult life. The chemicals covered in this review are pesticides (organochlorines, organophosphates, carbamates, pyrethroids, and triazines), heavy metals (arsenic, lead, and mercury), diethylstilbesterol, plasticizer alternatives (di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and bisphenol A alternatives), 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, nonylphenol, polychlorinated biphenyls, triclosan, and parabens. This review focuses on the hypothalamus, pituitary, ovary, and uterus because together they regulate normal female fertility and the onset of reproductive senescence. The literature shows that several endocrine disrupting chemicals have endocrine disrupting abilities in females during adult life, causing fertility abnormalities in both humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saniya Rattan
- Department of Comparative BiosciencesUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Changqing Zhou
- Department of Comparative BiosciencesUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Catheryne Chiang
- Department of Comparative BiosciencesUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Sharada Mahalingam
- Department of Comparative BiosciencesUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Emily Brehm
- Department of Comparative BiosciencesUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Jodi A Flaws
- Department of Comparative BiosciencesUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
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Lee WC, Fisher M, Davis K, Arbuckle TE, Sinha SK. Identification of chemical mixtures to which Canadian pregnant women are exposed: The MIREC Study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2017; 99:321-330. [PMID: 28040263 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Depending on the chemical and the outcome, prenatal exposures to environmental chemicals can lead to adverse effects on the pregnancy and child development, especially if exposure occurs during early gestation. Instead of focusing on prenatal exposure to individual chemicals, more studies have taken into account that humans are exposed to multiple environmental chemicals on a daily basis. The objectives of this analysis were to identify the pattern of chemical mixtures to which women are exposed and to characterize women with elevated exposures to various mixtures. Statistical techniques were applied to 28 chemicals measured simultaneously in the first trimester and socio-demographic factors of 1744 participants from the Maternal-Infant Research on Environment Chemicals (MIREC) Study. Cluster analysis was implemented to categorize participants based on their socio-demographic characteristics, while principal component analysis (PCA) was used to extract the chemicals with similar patterns and to reduce the dimension of the dataset. Next, hypothesis testing determined if the mean converted concentrations of chemical substances differed significantly among women with different socio-demographic backgrounds as well as among clusters. Cluster analysis identified six main socio-demographic clusters. Eleven components, which explained approximately 70% of the variance in the data, were retained in the PCA. Persistent organic pollutants (PCB118, PCB138, PCB153, PCB180, OXYCHLOR and TRANSNONA) and phthalates (MEOHP, MEHHP and MEHP) dominated the first and second components, respectively, and the first two components explained 25.8% of the source variation. Prenatal exposure to persistent organic pollutants (first component) were positively associated with women who have lower education or higher income, were born in Canada, have BMI ≥25, or were expecting their first child in our study population. MEOHP, MEHHP and MEHP, dominating the second component, were detected in at least 98% of 1744 participants in our cohort study; however, no particular group of pregnant women was identified to be highly exposed to phthalates. While widely recognized as important to studying potential health effects, identifying the mixture of chemicals to which various segments of the population are exposed has been problematic. We present an approach using factor analysis through principal component method and cluster analysis as an attempt to determine the pregnancy exposome. Future studies should focus on how to include these matrices in examining the health effects of prenatal exposure to chemical mixtures in pregnant women and their children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Chen Lee
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| | - Mandy Fisher
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Karelyn Davis
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Tye E Arbuckle
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Sanjoy K Sinha
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Ettinger AS, Arbuckle TE, Fisher M, Liang CL, Davis K, Cirtiu CM, Bélanger P, LeBlanc A, Fraser WD. Arsenic levels among pregnant women and newborns in Canada: Results from the Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 153:8-16. [PMID: 27880879 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is a common environmental contaminant from both naturally-occurring and anthropomorphic sources and human exposure can be detected in various tissues. Its toxicity depends on many factors including the chemical form, valence state, bioavailability, metabolism and detoxification within the human body. Of paramount concern, particularly with respect to health effects in children, is the timing of exposure as the prenatal and early life periods are more susceptible to toxic effects. The Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) cohort was established to obtain national-level biomonitoring data for approximately 2,000 pregnant women and their infants between 2008 and 2011 from 10 Canadian cities. We measured total arsenic (As) in 1st and 3rd trimester maternal blood, umbilical cord blood, and infant meconium and speciated arsenic in 1st trimester maternal urine. Most pregnant women had detectable levels of total arsenic in blood (92.5% and 87.3%, respectively, for 1st and 3rd trimester); median difference between 1st and 3rd trimester was 0.1124µg/L (p<0.0001), but paired samples were moderately correlated (Spearman r=0.41, p<0.0001). Most samples were below the LOD for umbilical cord blood (50.9%) and meconium (93.9%). In 1st trimester urine samples, a high percentage (>50%) of arsenic species (arsenous acid (As-III), arsenic acid (As-V), monomethylarsonic acid (MMA), and arsenobetaine (AsB)) were also below the limit of detection, except dimethylarsinic acid (DMA). DMA (>85% detected) ranged from <LOD to 64.42 (95th percentile: 11.99)µgAs/L. There was a weak but significant correlation between total arsenic in blood and specific gravity-adjusted DMA in urine (Spearman r=0.33, p<0.0001). Among this population of pregnant woman and newborns, levels of arsenic measured in blood and urine were lower than national population figures for Canadian women of reproductive age (20-39 years). In general, higher arsenic levels were observed in women who were older, foreign-born (predominantly from Asian countries), and had higher education. Further research is needed to elucidate sources of exposure and factors that may influence arsenic exposure in pregnant women and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne S Ettinger
- University of Michigan School of Public Health, Department of Nutritional Sciences, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029 USA.
| | - Tye E Arbuckle
- Population Studies Division, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, A.L. 0801 A, 50 Colombine Dr., Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0K9.
| | - Mandy Fisher
- Population Studies Division, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, A.L. 0801 A, 50 Colombine Dr., Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Chun Lei Liang
- Population Studies Division, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, A.L. 0801 A, 50 Colombine Dr., Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Karelyn Davis
- Population Studies Division, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, A.L. 0801 A, 50 Colombine Dr., Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Ciprian-Mihai Cirtiu
- Laboratoire de toxicologie, Institut national de santé publique du Québec, 945, avenue Wolfe, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 5B3
| | - Patrick Bélanger
- Laboratoire de toxicologie, Institut national de santé publique du Québec, 945, avenue Wolfe, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 5B3
| | - Alain LeBlanc
- Laboratoire de toxicologie, Institut national de santé publique du Québec, 945, avenue Wolfe, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 5B3
| | - William D Fraser
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Sherbrooke, 3001, 12th avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada J1H 5N4; CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Mother and Child University Hospital Center, 3175 chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, QC, Canada H3T 1C5
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65
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Cheng L, Zhang B, Zheng T, Hu J, Zhou A, Bassig BA, Xia W, Savitz DA, Buka S, Xiong C, Braun JM, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Pan X, Wu C, Wang Y, Qian Z, Yang A, Romano ME, Shi K, Xu S, Li Y. Critical Windows of Prenatal Exposure to Cadmium and Size at Birth. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:E58. [PMID: 28075368 PMCID: PMC5295309 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14010058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Prenatal cadmium (Cd) exposure has been associated with adverse birth outcomes, but the findings of previous studies are inconsistent. We measured Cd concentrations in urine samples at or near 13, 24, and 35 gestational weeks from 282 women in Wuhan, China. We used generalized estimating equation models to assess the associations between maternal creatinine adjusted urinary Cd concentrations at each trimester and birth size. A significant inverse association was observed between higher maternal Cd levels measured during the 1st trimester and birth size in girls. For each log unit increase in Cd (µg/g creatinine) levels from the 1st trimester, there was a decrease in birth weight by 116.99 g (95% confidence interval (CI): -208.87, -25.11 g). The Cd levels from the 1st and 2nd trimesters were also borderline significantly associated with ponderal index in girls. Joint estimation of trimester-specific effects suggested that associations with Cd levels for ponderal index (pint = 0.02) were significantly different across trimesters, and differences for effects across trimesters for birth weight were marginally significant (pint = 0.08) in girls. No significant associations were observed between Cd levels from any trimester and birth size in boys. Maternal Cd exposure during earlier periods of pregnancy may have a larger impact on delayed fetal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (HUST), Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China.
| | - Bin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (HUST), Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China.
- Women and Children Medical and Healthcare Center of Wuhan, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China.
| | - Tongzhang Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
| | - Jie Hu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (HUST), Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China.
| | - Aifen Zhou
- Women and Children Medical and Healthcare Center of Wuhan, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China.
| | - Bryan A Bassig
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
| | - Wei Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (HUST), Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China.
| | - David A Savitz
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
| | - Stephen Buka
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
| | - Chao Xiong
- Women and Children Medical and Healthcare Center of Wuhan, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China.
| | - Joseph M Braun
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
| | - Yaqi Zhang
- Women and Children Medical and Healthcare Center of Wuhan, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China.
| | - Yanqiu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (HUST), Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China.
| | - Xinyun Pan
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (HUST), Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China.
| | - Chuansha Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (HUST), Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China.
| | - Youjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (HUST), Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China.
| | - Zhengmin Qian
- Department of Epidemiology, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO 63103, USA.
| | - Aimin Yang
- College of Earth and Environmental Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China.
| | - Megan E Romano
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
| | - Kunchong Shi
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
| | - Shunqing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (HUST), Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (HUST), Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China.
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
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Röllin HB, Channa K, Olutola BG, Odland JØ. Evaluation of in utero exposure to arsenic in South Africa. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 575:338-346. [PMID: 27744161 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Early life exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) has been shown to interfere with foetal and early childhood development, and is associated with morbidity and mortality in adulthood. The purpose of this study was to evaluate exposure to As in utero, to determine the association between maternal and cord blood of As and birth outcomes in South African populations. Total arsenic was measured in maternal blood of a total cohort (n=650) and in paired cord blood and urine of a subset cohort (n=317). Overall, the geometric mean (GM) of As in maternal blood was 0.62μg/L (n=650; 95% CI, 0.58-0.66). In the subset cohort, the GM of maternal blood As was 0.96μg/L (n=350; 95% CI, 0.91-1.02); in paired cord blood, the GM was 0.78μg/L (n=317; 95% CI, 0.74-0.83); and in urine (creatinine-corrected), the GM was 14.26μg/g creatinine (n=317; 95% CI, 12.64-16.09). A linear correlation was found between log maternal blood As and log cord blood As (rho=0.80, p<0.001). Birth outcomes showed geographical differences. in gestational age (p<0.001), birth length (p=0.019), head circumference (p<0.001), Apgar score at 5min (p<0.001) and parity (p<0.002). In a multivariate analysis, no association between maternal blood (AsB) levels and birth outcomes were found. However, the lower the gestational age, the higher the levels of maternal AsB (β=-0.054; 95% CI-0.087 to -0.020) and mothers who had had at least one child were less likely to have higher AsB if compared to those who had never had any child (β=-0.177; 95CI-0.322 to 0.031). In both univariate and multivariate analyses, being single, and drinking water from communal outdoor taps, boreholes and rivers was associated with higher As levels. The findings suggest that more research is needed to evaluate the impact of low level As exposure on postnatal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halina B Röllin
- School of Health Systems and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Environment and Health Research Unit, Medical Research Council, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - Kalavati Channa
- Lancet Laboratories, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Bukola G Olutola
- School of Health Systems and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Jon Ø Odland
- School of Health Systems and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Institute of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
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67
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Ha E, Basu N, Bose-O'Reilly S, Dórea JG, McSorley E, Sakamoto M, Chan HM. Current progress on understanding the impact of mercury on human health. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 152:419-433. [PMID: 27444821 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Mercury pollution and its impacts on human health is of global concern. The authors of this paper were members of the Plenary Panel on Human Health in the 12th International Conference on Mercury as a Global Pollutant held in Korea in June 2015. The Panel was asked by the conference organizers to address two questions: what is the current understanding of the impacts of mercury exposure on human health and what information is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of the Minamata Convention in lowering exposure and preventing adverse effects. The authors conducted a critical review of the literature published since January 2012 and discussed the current state-of-knowledge in the following areas: environmental exposure and/or risk assessment; kinetics and biomonitoring; effects on children development; effects on adult general populations; effects on artisanal and small-scale gold miners (ASGM); effects on dental workers; risk of ethylmercury in thimerosal-containing vaccines; interactions with nutrients; genetic determinants and; risk communication and management. Knowledge gaps in each area were identified and recommendations for future research were made. The Panel concluded that more knowledge synthesis efforts are needed to translate the research results into management tools for health professionals and policy makers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunhee Ha
- Ewha Womans University, College of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine, South Korea
| | - Niladri Basu
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Canada
| | - Stephan Bose-O'Reilly
- University Hospital Munich, Institute and Outpatient Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, WHO Collaborating Centre for Occupational Health, Germany; University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology (UMIT), Department of Public Health, Health Services Research and Health Technology Assessment, Austria
| | - José G Dórea
- Department of Nutrition, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Emeir McSorley
- Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University, United Kingdom
| | - Mineshi Sakamoto
- Department of Epidemiology, National Institute for Minamata Disease, Japan
| | - Hing Man Chan
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Canada.
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68
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Rahman A, Kumarathasan P, Gomes J. Infant and mother related outcomes from exposure to metals with endocrine disrupting properties during pregnancy. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 569-570:1022-1031. [PMID: 27378155 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.06.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endocrine-related adverse health effects from exposure to heavy metals such as lead, arsenic, cadmium, and mercury are yet to be adequately described. The purpose of this review was to gain insight into maternal exposure to heavy metals, and to identify potential endocrine-related adverse health effects in the mother and the infant. METHODS Relevant databases were searched for original research reports and a total of 46 articles were retained for scrutiny. Required data was extracted from these studies and their methodology was assessed. RESULTS Impaired fetal growth was observed from exposure to all endocrine disrupting metals, while exposure to lead and arsenic were associated with spontaneous abortion, stillbirth and neonatal deaths. Maternal exposure to arsenic was associated with impaired glucose tolerance in these mothers. CONCLUSION Impaired fetal growth, fetal loss, and neonatal deaths were significantly associated with heavy metals exposure during pregnancy; however, hypertension and gestational diabetes require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rahman
- Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - P Kumarathasan
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - J Gomes
- Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.
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69
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Taylor CM, Golding J, Emond AM. Moderate Prenatal Cadmium Exposure and Adverse Birth Outcomes: a Role for Sex-Specific Differences? Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2016; 30:603-611. [PMID: 27778365 PMCID: PMC5111596 DOI: 10.1111/ppe.12318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Studies on the effects of moderate prenatal exposure to cadmium (Cd) on birth outcomes have been contradictory and it has been suggested that effects may be partly masked by sex-specific effects. Our aim was to examine the association of Cd exposure in a large group of pregnant women with birth outcomes in the whole group of participants and by sex. METHODS Pregnant women were enrolled in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Whole blood samples for singleton pregnancies with a live birth were analysed for Cd (n = 4191). Data collected on the infants included anthropometric variables and gestational age at delivery. Data were analysed using SPSS v18. RESULTS There were adverse associations of maternal blood Cd level with birthweight (unstandardized B coefficient -62.7 g, 95% CI -107.0, -18.4) and crown-heel length (-0.28 cm, 95% CI -0.48, -0.07) in adjusted regression models. On stratification by sex, maternal blood Cd level was adversely associated with birthweight (-87.1 g, 95% CI -144.8, -29.4), head circumference (-0.22 cm, 95% CI -0.39, -0.04), and crown-heel length (-0.44 cm, 95% CI -0.71, -0.18) in girls but not in boys in adjusted regression models. CONCLUSION In these pregnant women with moderate prenatal Cd exposure there evidence of adverse associations with birth anthropometry variables in the whole group. However, there was evidence of associations with anthropometric variables in girls that were not evident in boys. Sex-specific effects require further investigation in large cohorts as a possible contributor to the lack of associations generally found in mixed-sex studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline M. Taylor
- Centre for Child and Adolescent HealthSchool of Social and Community MedicineUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - Jean Golding
- Centre for Child and Adolescent HealthSchool of Social and Community MedicineUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - Alan M. Emond
- Centre for Child and Adolescent HealthSchool of Social and Community MedicineUniversity of BristolBristolUK
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Murcia M, Ballester F, Enning AM, Iñiguez C, Valvi D, Basterrechea M, Rebagliato M, Vioque J, Maruri M, Tardon A, Riaño-Galán I, Vrijheid M, Llop S. Prenatal mercury exposure and birth outcomes. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016; 151:11-20. [PMID: 27448728 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Results regarding the association between mercury exposure and anthropometry at birth, gestational length and placental weight are inconsistent, as is the role of seafood intake in these associations. OBJECTIVE We assessed whether prenatal mercury exposure is associated with anthropometry at birth, placental weight and gestational length in a population with a relatively high exposure to mercury from seafood consumption. METHODS Total mercury (T-Hg) was determined in cord blood from 1869 newborns with birth outcome measures, within the Spanish multicenter INMA cohort from 2004 to 2008. We adjusted cohort specific linear and Cox regression models to evaluate the association between T-Hg and birth anthropometry (weight, length, and head circumference), placental weight and gestational length. Non-spontaneous labor was taken to be censoring in the survival analysis. Final estimates were obtained using meta-analysis. RESULTS Geometric mean T-Hg was 8.2μg/L. A doubling of T-Hg was associated with a 7.7g decrease in placental weight (95% CI: -13.6, -1.8) and marginally with head circumference (beta: -0.052cm, 95% CI: -0.109, 0.005). T-Hg was also inversely related to weight and length, although with weaker estimates. Mercury exposure was not associated with the length of gestation. The inverse relation between T-Hg and growth was enhanced when the intake of different seafood groups was adjusted for in the models. CONCLUSIONS Prenatal mercury exposure may be associated with reduced placental and fetal growth. Confounding by fish intake should be considered when assessing these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Murcia
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Ferran Ballester
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; Nursing Department, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ashley Michel Enning
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Iñiguez
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Damaskini Valvi
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Mikel Basterrechea
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, San Sebastián, Spain; Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Marisa Rebagliato
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; Medicine Department, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Spain
| | - Jesús Vioque
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Universidad Miguel Hernández, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Maite Maruri
- OSI Goierri-Alto Urola, Centro de Salud de Azkoitia, Spain
| | - Adonina Tardon
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; IUOPA-Universidad de Oviedo, Spain
| | - Isolina Riaño-Galán
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Pediatric Unit, Hospital San Agustin, Aviles, Spain
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sabrina Llop
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
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71
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Yang J, Huo W, Zhang B, Zheng T, Li Y, Pan X, Liu W, Chang H, Jiang M, Zhou A, Qian Z, Wan Y, Xia W, Xu S. Maternal urinary cadmium concentrations in relation to preterm birth in the Healthy Baby Cohort Study in China. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2016; 94:300-306. [PMID: 27289180 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal cadmium (Cd) exposure has been associated with adverse birth outcomes, but the findings of previous studies are inconsistent. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between prenatal Cd exposure and birth outcomes. METHODS This study was conducted in 5364 pregnant women with a live singleton birth, who were recruited between September 2012 and October 2014 in the Healthy Baby Cohort (HBC) in Wuhan, China. Gestational age (in days) was estimated using both the woman's last menstrual period (LMP) and ultrasound data. All the birth outcomes including birth weight and birth length were measured in the hospital within one hour after birth through standardized procedures. Cd was measured in maternal urine collected before delivery with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. RESULTS The geometric mean of Cd concentration in maternal urine was 0.55 (range 0.01-2.85) μg/g creatinine. We found each ln-unit increase in Cd concentration (μg/g creatinine) in maternal urine was associated with decreased gestational age [adjusted β=-0.77day; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.15, -0.39 for all infants; -0.77; 95% CI: -1.29, -0.25 for boys; and -0.80; 95% CI: -1.35, -0.25 for girls]. Increased likelihood of preterm birth (PTB) was associated with ln-unit increase in urinary Cd (μg/g creatinine) [adjusted odds ratio (OR)=1.78; 95% CI: 1.45, 2.19 for all infants; 1.97; 95% CI: 1.46, 2.65 for boys; and 1.67; 95% CI: 1.24, 2.25 for girls]. Maternal urinary Cd was not significantly associated with low birth weight (LBW) and small for gestational age (SGA). CONCLUSIONS Maternal exposure to Cd during pregnancy was associated with decreased gestational age and increased likelihood of PTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqian Huo
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Women and Children Medical and Healthcare Center of Wuhan, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongzhang Zheng
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Brown School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyun Pan
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Huailong Chang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Minmin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Aifen Zhou
- Women and Children Medical and Healthcare Center of Wuhan, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengmin Qian
- Department of Epidemiology, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yanjian Wan
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shunqing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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72
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Pirkle CM, Muckle G, Lemire M. Managing mercury exposure in northern Canadian communities. CMAJ 2016; 188:1015-1023. [PMID: 27435478 DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.151138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine McLean Pirkle
- Office of Public Health Studies (Pirkle), University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu; École de psychologie (Muckle), Université Laval, Laval, Que.; Axe santé des populations et pratiques optimales en santé (Lemire, Muckle), Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Québec, Que.
| | - Gina Muckle
- Office of Public Health Studies (Pirkle), University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu; École de psychologie (Muckle), Université Laval, Laval, Que.; Axe santé des populations et pratiques optimales en santé (Lemire, Muckle), Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Québec, Que
| | - Melanie Lemire
- Office of Public Health Studies (Pirkle), University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu; École de psychologie (Muckle), Université Laval, Laval, Que.; Axe santé des populations et pratiques optimales en santé (Lemire, Muckle), Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Québec, Que
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73
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Vrhovnik P, Dolenec M, Serafimovski T, Tasev G, Arrebola JP. Assessment of essential and nonessential dietary exposure to trace elements from homegrown foodstuffs in a polluted area in Makedonska Kamenica and the Kočani region (FYRM). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 559:204-211. [PMID: 27065442 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The main purpose of the present study is to assess human dietary exposure to essential and non-essential trace elements via consumption of selected homegrown foodstuffs. Twelve essential and non-essential trace elements (Cd, Co, Cu, Cr, Hg, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Zn and As) were detected in various homegrown foodstuffs. Detailed questionnaires were also applied among a sample of the local population to collect information on sociodemographic characteristics. The results of the present study clearly indicate that the majority of the trace elements are at highly elevated levels in the studied foodstuffs, in comparison to international recommendations. The maximum measured levels of ETE and NETE are as follows [μgkg(-1)]: Cd 873, Co 1370, Cu 21700, Cr 59633, Hg 26, Mo 6460, Ni14.5, Pb 11100, Sb 181, Se 0.30, Zn 102 and As 693. Additionally, age, body mass index and gender were significantly associated with levels of dietary exposure. Further research is warranted on the potential health implication of this exposure. CAPSULE ABSTRACT The study merges the accumulation of ETE and NETE in home-grown foodstuffs and reflects considerably high health risks for inhabitants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matej Dolenec
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Department of Geology, Aškerčeva 12, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Todor Serafimovski
- Faculty of Mining, Geology and Polytechnics, University "Goce Delcev - Stip", Goce Delcev 89, 2000 Stip, Macedonia
| | - Goran Tasev
- Faculty of Mining, Geology and Polytechnics, University "Goce Delcev - Stip", Goce Delcev 89, 2000 Stip, Macedonia
| | - Juan P Arrebola
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, University of Granada, CIBERESP, 18071 Granada, Spain
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74
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Roifman M, Choufani S, Turinsky AL, Drewlo S, Keating S, Brudno M, Kingdom J, Weksberg R. Genome-wide placental DNA methylation analysis of severely growth-discordant monochorionic twins reveals novel epigenetic targets for intrauterine growth restriction. Clin Epigenetics 2016; 8:70. [PMID: 27330572 PMCID: PMC4915063 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-016-0238-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), which refers to reduced fetal growth in the context of placental insufficiency, is etiologically heterogeneous. IUGR is associated not only with perinatal morbidity and mortality but also with adult-onset disorders, such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes, posing a major health burden. Placental epigenetic dysregulation has been proposed as one mechanism that causes IUGR; however, the spectrum of epigenetic pathophysiological mechanisms leading to IUGR remains to be elucidated. Monozygotic monochorionic twins are particularly affected by IUGR, in the setting of severe discordant growth. Because monozygotic twins have the same genotype at conception and a shared maternal environment, they provide an ideal model system for studying epigenetic dysregulation of the placenta. RESULTS We compared genome-wide placental DNA methylation patterns of severely growth-discordant twins to identify novel candidate genes for IUGR. Snap-frozen placental samples for eight severely growth-discordant monozygotic monochorionic twin pairs were obtained at delivery from each twin. A high-resolution DNA methylation array platform was used to identify methylation differences between IUGR and normal twins. Our analysis revealed differentially methylated regions in the promoters of eight genes: DECR1, ZNF300, DNAJA4, CCL28, LEPR, HSPA1A/L, GSTO1, and GNE. The largest methylation differences between the two groups were in the promoters of DECR1 and ZNF300. The significance of these group differences was independently validated by bisulfite pyrosequencing, implicating aberrations in fatty acid beta oxidation and transcriptional regulation, respectively. Further analysis of the array data identified methylation changes most prominently affecting the Wnt and cadherin pathways in the IUGR cohort. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that IUGR in monozygotic twins is associated with impairments in lipid metabolism and transcriptional regulation as well as cadherin and Wnt signaling. We show that monozygotic monochorionic twins discordant for growth provide a useful model to study one type of the epigenetic placental dysregulation that drives IUGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maian Roifman
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario Canada ; Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada ; Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario Canada ; The Prenatal and Medical Genetics Program, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - Sanaa Choufani
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - Andrei L Turinsky
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario Canada ; Centre for Computational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - Sascha Drewlo
- C.S. Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Wayne State School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI USA
| | - Sarah Keating
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario Canada ; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - Michael Brudno
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario Canada ; Centre for Computational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario Canada ; Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - John Kingdom
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - Rosanna Weksberg
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario Canada ; Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada ; Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario Canada ; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada
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75
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Maternal serum cadmium level during pregnancy and its association with small for gestational age infants: a population-based birth cohort study. Sci Rep 2016; 6:22631. [PMID: 26934860 PMCID: PMC4776171 DOI: 10.1038/srep22631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The association between maternal cadmium (Cd) exposure during pregnancy and the increased risk of fetal growth restriction (FGR) remains controversial. The present study evaluated the association between maternal serum Cd level and risk of small for gestational age (SGA) infants in a Chinese population. The present study analyzed a subsample of the C-ABCS cohort that recruited 3254 eligible mother-and-singleton-offspring pairs. Maternal serum Cd level during pregnancy was measured by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. The rate and odds ratio (OR) for SGA infant were calculated. The rate for SGA infant was 10.6% among subjects with H-Cd (≥1.06 μg/L), significantly higher than 7.5% among subjects with L-Cd (<1.06 μg/L). OR was 1.45 (95% CI: 1.11, 1.90; P = 0.007) among subjects with H-Cd. Adjusted OR for SGA infants was 1.43 (95% CI: 1.09, 1.88; P = 0.007) among subjects with H-Cd. Taken together, we observe the fact that maternal Cd exposure at middle gestational stage, elevates the risk of SGA in contrast to early gestational stage. The present results might be interesting and worth more discussing, and guarantee to further studies.
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76
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Bloom MS, Neamtiu IA, Surdu S, Pop C, Anastasiu D, Appleton AA, Fitzgerald EF, Gurzau ES. Low level arsenic contaminated water consumption and birth outcomes in Romania-An exploratory study. Reprod Toxicol 2016; 59:8-16. [PMID: 26518419 PMCID: PMC4783180 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2015.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Women are exposed to drinking water with low arsenic concentrations (<10.0μg/L) worldwide, yet little work has been done to assess the risk. To begin to address this data gap, we conducted an exploratory study of birth outcomes in Timis County, Romania. We prospectively followed 122 women with singleton deliveries, for whom we constructed individual exposure indicators using self-reported water consumption weighted by arsenic measured in drinking water sources. There were no overall confounder-adjusted effects for arsenic exposure on birth outcomes. Yet, higher average arsenic (10μg/L) was associated with a -2.45 lower birth weight Z-score (P=0.021) and a -1.17 shorter birth length Z-score (P=0.029) among smokers. Higher average iAs (10μg/L) was also associated with smaller ponderal index in boys (P=0.023). Our results suggest smoking may potentiate an otherwise benign arsenic exposure. A larger, more definitive biomarker-based study is needed to investigate the potential risks in conjunction with smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Bloom
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, USA.
| | | | - Simona Surdu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, USA
| | - Cristian Pop
- Environmental Health Center, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Doru Anastasiu
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes", Timisoara, Romania; Gynecology Department of the Emergency County Hospital, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Allison A Appleton
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, USA
| | - Edward F Fitzgerald
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, USA
| | - Eugen S Gurzau
- Environmental Health Center, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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