51
|
Cerqueira ARD, Fratelli CF, Duarte LCDAC, Pereira ASR, Morais RMD, Sobrinho AB, Silva CMDS, Silva ICRD, Oliveira JRD. The impact of NOS3 gene polymorphism on papillary thyroid cancer susceptibility in patients undergoing radioiodine therapy. Int J Biol Markers 2020; 35:87-91. [PMID: 33208017 DOI: 10.1177/1724600820961787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine cancer in the world. Noting that the NOS3 gene polymorphism interferes with nitric oxide production, this study aims to identify and analyze the NOS3 gene polymorphism in the intron 4 region in patients with papillary thyroid cancer. A case-control study was conducted with 31 papillary thyroid cancer patients of both genders who underwent thyroidectomy and treatment with sodium iodide radiopharmaceutical (131I) compared with 81 control patients. Through papillary thyroid cancer, the results were observed, compiled, and analyzed using SPSS version 25.0. The significance level of 5% was adopted. Genotypic frequencies of healthy subjects were in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P = 0.503). There was a significant genotypic difference between papillary thyroid cancer and healthy individuals (P <0.001). The BB genotype conferred a protective factor for papillary thyroid cancer (P <0.001, odds ratio (OR) 0.16; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.06, 0.42), while the presence of the A allele appears to be a risk factor for papillary thyroid cancer (P <0.001, OR 3.54; 95% CI 1.86, 6.73). The intron 4 polymorphism of the NOS3 gene was associated with susceptibility to papillary thyroid cancer. Thus, future research into the effects of this polymorphism is essential.
Collapse
|
52
|
How Periodontal Disease and Presence of Nitric Oxide Reducing Oral Bacteria Can Affect Blood Pressure. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207538. [PMID: 33066082 PMCID: PMC7589924 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), a small gaseous and multifunctional signaling molecule, is involved in the maintenance of metabolic and cardiovascular homeostasis. It is endogenously produced in the vascular endothelium by specific enzymes known as NO synthases (NOSs). Subsequently, NO is readily oxidized to nitrite and nitrate. Nitrite is also derived from exogenous inorganic nitrate (NO3) contained in meat, vegetables, and drinking water, resulting in greater plasma NO2 concentration and major reduction in systemic blood pressure (BP). The recycling process of nitrate and nitrite to NO (nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway), known as the enterosalivary cycle of nitrate, is dependent upon oral commensal nitrate-reducing bacteria of the dorsal tongue. Veillonella, Actinomyces, Haemophilus, and Neisseria are the most copious among the nitrate-reducing bacteria. The use of chlorhexidine mouthwashes and tongue cleaning can mitigate the bacterial nitrate-related BP lowering effects. Imbalances in the oral reducing microbiota have been associated with a decrease of NO, promoting endothelial dysfunction, and increased cardiovascular risk. Although there is a relationship between periodontitis and hypertension (HT), the correlation between nitrate-reducing bacteria and HT has been poorly studied. Restoring the oral flora and NO activity by probiotics may be considered a potential therapeutic strategy to treat HT.
Collapse
|
53
|
Racis M, Stanisławska-Sachadyn A, Sobiczewski W, Wirtwein M, Krzemiński M, Krawczyńska N, Limon J, Rynkiewicz A, Gruchała M. Association of Genes Related to Oxidative Stress with the Extent of Coronary Atherosclerosis. Life (Basel) 2020; 10:life10090210. [PMID: 32961879 PMCID: PMC7554836 DOI: 10.3390/life10090210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is believed to play a critical role in atherosclerosis initiation and progression. In line with this, in a group of 1099 subjects, we determined eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to oxidative stress (PON1 c.575A>G, MPO c.−463G>A, SOD2 c.47T>C, GCLM c.−590C>T, NOS3 c.894G>T, NOS3 c.−786T>C, CYBA c.214C>T, and CYBA c.−932A>G) and assessed the extent of atherosclerosis in coronary arteries based on Gensini score. An increased risk of having a Gensini score in the higher half of the distribution was observed for the PON1 c.575G allele (odds ratio (OR) = 1.27, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.004–1.617, p = 0.046). Next, the genetic risk score (GRS) for the additive effect of the total number of pro-oxidative alleles was assessed. We noted an increase in the risk of having a Gensini score above the median with the maximum number of risk alleles (OR = 2.47, 95% CI: 1.19–5.23, p = 0.014). A univariate Spearman’s test revealed significant correlation between the total number of pro-oxidant alleles (GRS) and the Gensini score (ρ = 0.068, p = 0.03). In conclusion, the PON1 c.575A>G variant and the high number of risk alleles (GRS) were independent risk factors for a high Gensini score. We suggest, however, that GRS might occur as a more valuable component in adding a predictive value to the genetic background of atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milena Racis
- First Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, ul. Dębinki 7, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (W.S.); (M.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Fax: +48-58-3461201
| | - Anna Stanisławska-Sachadyn
- Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Gdańsk, ul. Dębinki 1, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (A.S.-S.); (N.K.); (J.L.)
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Microbiology, Gdańsk University of Technology, ul. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Wojciech Sobiczewski
- First Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, ul. Dębinki 7, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (W.S.); (M.G.)
| | - Marcin Wirtwein
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Gdańsk, ul. Dębinki 7, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Michał Krzemiński
- Department of Probability and Biomathematics, Gdańsk University of Technology, ul. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Natalia Krawczyńska
- Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Gdańsk, ul. Dębinki 1, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (A.S.-S.); (N.K.); (J.L.)
| | - Janusz Limon
- Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Gdańsk, ul. Dębinki 1, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (A.S.-S.); (N.K.); (J.L.)
| | - Andrzej Rynkiewicz
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiosurgery, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Al. Warszawska 30, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Marcin Gruchała
- First Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, ul. Dębinki 7, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (W.S.); (M.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Shin JW, Lee JH, Kim H, Lee DH, Baek KH, Sunwoo JS, Byun JI, Kim TJ, Jun JS, Han D, Jung KY. Bioinformatic analysis of proteomic data for iron, inflammation, and hypoxic pathways in restless legs syndrome. Sleep Med 2020; 75:448-455. [PMID: 32992101 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2020.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE/BACKGROUND We performed bioinformatic analysis of proteomic data to identify the biomarkers of restless legs syndrome (RLS) and provide insights into the putative pathomechanisms, including iron deficiency, inflammation, and hypoxic pathways. PATIENTS/METHODS Patients with drug-naïve idiopathic RLS were recruited at a university hospital from June 2017 to February 2018. Serum samples from patients with RLS (n = 7) and healthy sex- and age-matched controls (n = 6) were evaluated by proteomic analysis. For differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in patients with RLS, compared to those in controls, the expression profiles and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network were characterized between dysregulated proteins and extracted proteins involved in iron deficiency, hypoxia, and inflammation responses using the String database (http://string-DB.org). The PPI network was visualized by Cytoscape ver. 3. 7. 1. Statistical analyses of the validation Western blot assays were performed using a Student's t-test. RESULTS Interactome network analysis revealed a relationship among the eight proteins, their associated genes, and 150, 47, and 11 proteins related to iron deficiency, inflammation, and hypoxic pathways, respectively. All DEPs were well associated with inflammation, and complement 3, complement C4A, alpha-2 HS glycoprotein, and alpha-2 macroglobulin precursor were found to be in hub positions of networks involved in PPIs including iron deficiency, hypoxia pathway, and inflammation. C3 and C4A were verified using western blotting. CONCLUSIONS We identified key molecules that represent the selected cellular pathways as protein biomarkers by PPI network analysis. Changes in inflammation can mediate or affect the pathomechanism of RLS and can thus act as systemic biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Won Shin
- Department of Neurology, CHA University, Bundang CHA Medical Center, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hun Lee
- Proteomics Core Facility, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeyoon Kim
- Proteomics Core Facility, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Hye Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Hyun Baek
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Sang Sunwoo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Ick Byun
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Joon Kim
- Department of Neurology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Sun Jun
- Department of Neurology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Dohyun Han
- Proteomics Core Facility, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ki-Young Jung
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Cotta Filho CK, Oliveira-Paula GH, Rondon Pereira VC, Lacchini R. Clinically relevant endothelial nitric oxide synthase polymorphisms and their impact on drug response. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2020; 16:927-951. [DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2020.1804857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Riccardo Lacchini
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Human Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Tong T, Hu H, Zhou J, Deng S, Zhang X, Tang W, Fang L, Xiao S, Liang J. Glycyrrhizic-Acid-Based Carbon Dots with High Antiviral Activity by Multisite Inhibition Mechanisms. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1906206. [PMID: 32077621 PMCID: PMC7169479 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201906206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
With the gradual usage of carbon dots (CDs) in the area of antiviral research, attempts have been stepped up to develop new antiviral CDs with high biocompatibility and antiviral effects. In this study, a kind of highly biocompatible CDs (Gly-CDs) is synthesized from active ingredient (glycyrrhizic acid) of Chinese herbal medicine by a hydrothermal method. Using the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) as a model, it is found that the Gly-CDs inhibit PRRSV proliferation by up to 5 orders of viral titers. Detailed investigations reveal that Gly-CDs can inhibit PRRSV invasion and replication, stimulate antiviral innate immune responses, and inhibit the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) caused by PRRSV infection. Proteomics analysis demonstrates that Gly-CDs can stimulate cells to regulate the expression of some host restriction factors, including DDX53 and NOS3, which are directly related to PRRSV proliferation. Moreover, it is found that Gly-CDs also remarkably suppress the propagation of other viruses, such as pseudorabies virus (PRV) and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), suggesting the broad antiviral activity of Gly-CDs. The integrated results demonstrate that Gly-CDs possess extraordinary antiviral activity with multisite inhibition mechanisms, providing a promising candidate for alternative therapy for PRRSV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Tong
- College of Resource and EnvironmentCollege of ScienceState Key Laboratory of Agricultural MicrobiologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070P. R. China
| | - Hongwei Hu
- College of Resource and EnvironmentCollege of ScienceState Key Laboratory of Agricultural MicrobiologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070P. R. China
| | - Junwei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural MicrobiologyCollege of Veterinary MedicineKey Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei ProvinceThe Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig ProductionHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070P. R. China
| | - Shuangfei Deng
- College of Resource and EnvironmentCollege of ScienceState Key Laboratory of Agricultural MicrobiologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070P. R. China
| | - Xiaotong Zhang
- College of Resource and EnvironmentCollege of ScienceState Key Laboratory of Agricultural MicrobiologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070P. R. China
| | - Wantao Tang
- College of Resource and EnvironmentCollege of ScienceState Key Laboratory of Agricultural MicrobiologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070P. R. China
| | - Liurong Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural MicrobiologyCollege of Veterinary MedicineKey Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei ProvinceThe Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig ProductionHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070P. R. China
| | - Shaobo Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural MicrobiologyCollege of Veterinary MedicineKey Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei ProvinceThe Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig ProductionHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070P. R. China
| | - Jiangong Liang
- College of Resource and EnvironmentCollege of ScienceState Key Laboratory of Agricultural MicrobiologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
da Cruz BO, Cardozo LFMDF, Magliano DC, Stockler-Pinto MB. Nutritional strategies to modulate inflammation pathways via regulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β/δ. Nutr Rev 2020; 78:207-214. [PMID: 31584650 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuz058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) β/δ has an important role in multiple inflammatory conditions, including obesity, hypertension, cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and autoimmune diseases. PPARβ/δ forms a heterodimer with the retinoic acid receptor and binds to peroxisome proliferator response elements to initiate transcription of its target genes. PPARβ/δ is also able to suppress the activities of several transcription factors, including nuclear factor κB, and activator protein 1, thus regulating anti-inflammatory cellular responses and playing a protective role in several diseases. Recent studies have shown that nutritional compounds, including nutrients and bioactive compounds, can regulate PPARβ/δ expression. This review discusses key nutritional compounds that are known to modulate PPARβ/δ and are likely to affect human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz O da Cruz
- B.O. da Cruz, L.F.M. de F. Cardozo, D.C. Magliano, and M.B. Stockler-Pinto are with the Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói-RJ, Brazil
| | - Ludmila F M de França Cardozo
- B.O. da Cruz, L.F.M. de F. Cardozo, D.C. Magliano, and M.B. Stockler-Pinto are with the Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói-RJ, Brazil
| | - D'Angelo C Magliano
- B.O. da Cruz, L.F.M. de F. Cardozo, D.C. Magliano, and M.B. Stockler-Pinto are with the Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói-RJ, Brazil.,D.C. Magliano is with Laboratory of Morphological and Metabolic Analyses, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói-RJ, Brazil
| | - Milena B Stockler-Pinto
- B.O. da Cruz, L.F.M. de F. Cardozo, D.C. Magliano, and M.B. Stockler-Pinto are with the Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói-RJ, Brazil.,M.B. Stockler-Pinto is with the Graduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói-RJ, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Omar SS, Mahfouz W, Dawood W, Abo El-Wafa RAH, Ghazala RA, Zahran ARM. Relation of nitric oxide synthase gene (NOS3) polymorphisms to varicocele risk and post-varicocelectomy seminal oxidative stress reduction. Andrologia 2020; 52:e13525. [PMID: 32022285 DOI: 10.1111/and.13525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiology of varicocele remains to be unknown. Several genetic factors have been implicated in varicocele etiopathogenesis. We studied the relationship between NOS3 c.894G>T, c.786T>C and 4b/a polymorphisms to varicocele risk and their prognostic value as regards improvement of the post-operative seminal parameters &/or seminal malonaldehyde levels. The three NOS3 polymorphisms were evaluated in 100 patients with varicocele and 100 healthy subjects by RT-PCR. Seminal plasma MDA level was measured pre-operatively and 3 months after varicocelectomy by the thiobarbituric acid method. The GT, TT, TC and bb genotypes of NOS3 polymorphism were more commonly observed in varicocele patients (30%, 9%, 28% and 70% respectively) compared to normal controls (12%, 0%, 10% and 50% respectively). The mean percentage of post-varicocelectomy seminal MDA reduction was highest with the GT genotype (p < .001). Genotypes GT+TT, TC and bb were associated with varicocele occurrence in our patients. The T (c.894G>T), C (c.786T>C) and b (NOS3 intron 4 VNTR) alleles were significantly associated with varicocele occurrence in our cohort of patients. We also report a better response regarding the reduction of seminal MDA after varicocelectomy with the GT and ba genotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salma Samir Omar
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology & Andrology, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Wally Mahfouz
- Department of Urology, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Waleed Dawood
- Department of Urology, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
59
|
Zhang H, Lan W, Gao X. Bioactivity-guided fractionation of Cymbopogon caesius (Ness) stapf. revealed isoorientin as an antihypertensive agent. Pharmacogn Mag 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_178_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
60
|
Maternal Smoking Highly Affects the Function, Membrane Integrity, and Rheological Properties in Fetal Red Blood Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:1509798. [PMID: 31871538 PMCID: PMC6906794 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1509798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
An understanding of the basic pathophysiological mechanisms of neonatal diseases necessitates detailed knowledge about the wide range of complications in the circulating fetal RBCs. Recent publications on adult red blood cells (RBCs) provide evidence that RBCs carry an active nitric oxide synthase (NOS3) enzyme and contribute to vascular functioning and integrity via their active nitric oxide synthesis. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of maternal smoking on the phenotypical appearance and functionality of fetal RBCs, based on morphological and molecular studies. We looked for possible links between vascular dysfunction and NOS3 expression and activation and its regulation by arginase (ARG1). Significant morphological and functional differences were found between fetal RBCs isolated from the arterial cord blood of neonates born to nonsmoking (RBC-NS, n = 62) and heavy-smoking (RBC-S, n = 51) mothers. Morphological variations were quantified by Advanced Cell Classifier, microscopy-based intelligent analysis software. To investigate the relevance of the newly suggested “erythrocrine” function in fetal RBCs, we measured the levels of NOS3 and its phosphorylation in parallel with the level of ARG1, as one of the major influencers of NOS3 dimerization, by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Fetal RBCs, even the “healthy-looking” biconcave-shaped type, exhibited impaired NOS3 activation in the RBC-S population, which was paralleled with elevated ARG1 level, thus suggesting an increased redox burden. Our molecular data indicate that maternal smoking can exert marked effects on the circulating fetal RBCs, which could have a consequence on the outcome of in utero development. We hypothesize that any endothelial dysfunction altering NO production/bioavailability can be sensed by circulating fetal RBCs. Hence, we are putting forward the idea that neonatal RBC could serve as a real-time sensor for not only monitoring RBC-linked anomalies but also predicting the overall status of the vascular microenvironment.
Collapse
|
61
|
Oliveira-Paula GH, Pereira SC, Tanus-Santos JE, Lacchini R. Pharmacogenomics And Hypertension: Current Insights. PHARMACOGENOMICS & PERSONALIZED MEDICINE 2019; 12:341-359. [PMID: 31819590 PMCID: PMC6878918 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s230201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is a multifactorial disease that affects approximately one billion subjects worldwide and is a major risk factor associated with cardiovascular events, including coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular accidents. Therefore, adequate blood pressure control is important to prevent these events, reducing premature mortality and disability. However, only one third of patients have the effective control of blood pressure, despite several classes of antihypertensive drugs available. These disappointing outcomes may be at least in part explained by interpatient variability in drug response due to genetic polymorphisms. To address the effects of genetic polymorphisms on blood pressure responses to the antihypertensive drug classes, studies have applied candidate genes and genome wide approaches. More recently, a third approach that considers gene-gene interactions has also been applied in hypertension pharmacogenomics. In this article, we carried out a comprehensive review of recent findings on the pharmacogenomics of antihypertensive drugs, including diuretics, β-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers, and calcium channel blockers. We also discuss the limitations and inconsistences that have been found in hypertension pharmacogenomics and the challenges to implement this valuable approach in clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo H Oliveira-Paula
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Sherliane C Pereira
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Jose E Tanus-Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Riccardo Lacchini
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Human Sciences, Ribeirao Preto College of Nursing, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
DDAH1 and DDAH2 polymorphisms associate with asymmetrical dimethylarginine plasma levels in erectile dysfunction patients but not in healthy controls. Nitric Oxide 2019; 92:11-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2019.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
63
|
Gebhart V, Reiß K, Kollau A, Mayer B, Gorren ACF. Site and mechanism of uncoupling of nitric-oxide synthase: Uncoupling by monomerization and other misconceptions. Nitric Oxide 2019; 89:14-21. [PMID: 31022534 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) catalyzes the transformation of l-arginine, molecular oxygen (O2), and NADPH-derived electrons to nitric oxide (NO) and l-citrulline. Under some conditions, however, NOS catalyzes the reduction of O2 to superoxide (O2-) instead, a phenomenon that is generally referred to as uncoupling. In principle, both the heme in the oxygenase domain and the flavins in the reductase domain could catalyze O2- formation. In the former case the oxyferrous (Fe(II)O2) complex that is formed as an intermediate during catalysis would dissociate to heme and O2-; in the latter case the reduced flavins would reduce O2 to O2-. The NOS cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) is indispensable for coupled catalysis. In the case of uncoupling at the heme this is explained by the essential role of BH4 as an electron donor to the oxyferrous complex; in the case of uncoupling at the flavins it is assumed that the absence of BH4 results in NOS monomerization, with the monomers incapable to sustain NO synthesis but still able to support uncoupled catalysis. In spite of little supporting evidence, uncoupling at the reductase after NOS monomerization appears to be the predominant hypothesis at present. To set the record straight we extended prior studies by determining under which conditions uncoupling of the neuronal and endothelial isoforms (nNOS and eNOS) occurred and if a correlation exists between uncoupling and the monomer/dimer equilibrium. We determined the rates of coupled/uncoupled catalysis by measuring NADPH oxidation spectrophotometrically at 340 nm and citrulline synthesis as the formation of [3H]-citrulline from [3H]-Arg. The monomer/dimer equilibrium was determined by FPLC and, for comparison, by low-temperature polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Uncoupling occurred in the absence of Arg and/or BH4, but not in the absence of Ca2+ or calmodulin (CaM). Since omission of Ca2+/CaM will completely block heme reduction while still allowing substantial FMN reduction, this argues against uncoupling by the reductase domain. In the presence of heme-directed NOS inhibitors uncoupling occurred to the extent that these compound allowed heme reduction, again arguing in favor of uncoupling at the heme. The monomer/dimer equilibrium showed no correlation with uncoupling. We conclude that uncoupling by BH4 deficiency takes place exclusively at the heme, with virtually no contribution from the flavins and no role for NOS monomerization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Verena Gebhart
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Karl-Franzens-University Graz, A-8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Katja Reiß
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Karl-Franzens-University Graz, A-8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Alexander Kollau
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Karl-Franzens-University Graz, A-8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Bernd Mayer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Karl-Franzens-University Graz, A-8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Antonius C F Gorren
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Karl-Franzens-University Graz, A-8010, Graz, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Urban I, Turinsky M, Gehrmann S, Morgenstern J, Brune M, Milewski MR, Wagner AH, Rumig C, Fleming T, Leuschner F, Gleissner CA, Hecker M. 15-Deoxy-Δ12,14-Prostaglandin J
2
Reinforces the Anti-Inflammatory Capacity of Endothelial Cells With a Genetically Determined NO Deficit. Circ Res 2019; 125:282-294. [DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.118.313820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Rationale:
Fluid shear stress (FSS) maintains NOS-3 (endothelial NO synthase) expression. Homozygosity for the C variant of the T-786C single-nucleotide polymorphism of the
NOS3
gene, which solely exists in humans, renders the gene less sensitive to FSS, resulting in a reduced endothelial cell (EC) capacity to generate NO. Decreased bioavailability of NO in the arterial vessel wall facilitates atherosclerosis. Consequently, individuals homozygous for the C variant have an increased risk for coronary heart disease (CHD).
Objective:
At least 2 compensatory mechanisms seem to minimize the deleterious effects of this single-nucleotide polymorphism in affected individuals, one of which is characterized herein.
Methods and Results:
Human genotyped umbilical vein ECs and THP-1 monocytes were used to investigate the role of 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J
2
(15d-PGJ
2
) in vitro. Its concentration in plasma samples from genotyped patients with CHD and age-matched CHD-free controls was determined using quantitative ultraperformance LC-MS/MS. Exposure of human ECs to FSS effectively reduced monocyte transmigration particularly through monolayers of CC-genotype ECs. Primarily in CC-genotype ECs, FSS elicited a marked rise in COX (cyclooxygenase)-2 and L-PGDS (lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase) expression, which appeared to be NO sensitive, and provoked a significant release of 15d-PGJ
2
over baseline. Exogenous 15d-PGJ
2
significantly reduced monocyte transmigration and exerted a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect on the transmigrated monocytes by downregulating, for example, transcription of the IL (interleukin)-1β gene (
IL1B
). Reporter gene analyses verified that this effect is due to binding of Nrf2 (nuclear factor [erythroid-derived 2]–like 2) to 2 AREs (antioxidant response elements) in the proximal
IL1B
promoter. In patients with CHD, 15d-PGJ
2
plasma levels were significantly upregulated compared with age-matched CHD-free controls, suggesting that this powerful anti-inflammatory prostanoid is part of an endogenous defence mechanism to counteract CHD.
Conclusions:
Despite a reduced capacity to form NO, CC-genotype ECs maintain a robust anti-inflammatory phenotype through an enhanced FSS-dependent release of 15d-PGJ
2
.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivelina Urban
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heidelberg University (I.U., M.T., S.G., M.R.M., A.H.W., C.R., M.H.)
| | - Martin Turinsky
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heidelberg University (I.U., M.T., S.G., M.R.M., A.H.W., C.R., M.H.)
| | - Sviatlana Gehrmann
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heidelberg University (I.U., M.T., S.G., M.R.M., A.H.W., C.R., M.H.)
| | - Jakob Morgenstern
- Department of Internal Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry (J.M., M.B., T.F.), Heidelberg University Hospital
| | - Maik Brune
- Department of Internal Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry (J.M., M.B., T.F.), Heidelberg University Hospital
| | - Moritz R. Milewski
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heidelberg University (I.U., M.T., S.G., M.R.M., A.H.W., C.R., M.H.)
| | - Andreas H. Wagner
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heidelberg University (I.U., M.T., S.G., M.R.M., A.H.W., C.R., M.H.)
| | - Cordula Rumig
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heidelberg University (I.U., M.T., S.G., M.R.M., A.H.W., C.R., M.H.)
| | - Thomas Fleming
- Department of Internal Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry (J.M., M.B., T.F.), Heidelberg University Hospital
| | - Florian Leuschner
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology (F.L., C.A.G.), Heidelberg University Hospital
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany (F.L., M.H.)
| | - Christian A. Gleissner
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology (F.L., C.A.G.), Heidelberg University Hospital
| | - Markus Hecker
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heidelberg University (I.U., M.T., S.G., M.R.M., A.H.W., C.R., M.H.)
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany (F.L., M.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Elakkad AM, Abou-Aisha K, Hassanein SI, Gad MZ. T-786C variation in the promoter sequence of human eNOS gene markedly influences its expression level. Drug Discov Ther 2019; 11:193-197. [PMID: 28867751 DOI: 10.5582/ddt.2016.01083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the role of the T-786C polymorphism (SNP) in the 5'-flanking sequence of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene (eNOS) on its expression level in vascular endothelium with the ultimate goal of shedding more light on the mechanisms by which genetic variations of eNOS might affect the vascular level of nitric oxide (NO). Sequences in the 5'-flanking region of eNOS gene were PCR-amplified using genomic DNA templates isolated from blood samples collected from cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients. Two sequence-versions carrying the same SNP site were used; a short (345 bp) and an extended one (1,594 bp), numbered relative to the translational start site. All sequences were cloned into a promoter-less vector (pGL3-basic), which carries the firefly luciferase gene as a reporter. Genotyping of the T-786C polymorphism was performed using Sanger sequencing of the insert region. Luminescence levels were then recorded 24-48 h after transfecting human endothelial cell line (EA.hy926). Three genotypes were identified in the subject samples; TT, TC, or CC. The highest expression levels associated with the TT genotype, followed by the TC genotype, then the CC genotype. The extended sequence version produced higher expression levels compared to the shorter version. Our results provide evidence that the T allele at the T-786C SNP site of the eNOS gene results in increased expression of the enzyme, and consequently might provide a protective mechanism from CVD. The extended promoter sequence of eNOS resulted in higher expression of the gene, suggesting the presence of some essential binding sites for transcription enhancing proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aliaa M Elakkad
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, The German University in Cairo
| | - Khaled Abou-Aisha
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, The German University in Cairo
| | - Sally I Hassanein
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, The German University in Cairo
| | - Mohamed Z Gad
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, The German University in Cairo
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Cozma A, Fodor A, Orasan OH, Vulturar R, Samplelean D, Negrean V, Muresan C, Suharoschi R, Sitar-Taut A. Pharmacogenetic Implications of eNOS Polymorphisms ( Glu298Asp, T786C, 4b/4a) in Cardiovascular Drug Therapy. In Vivo 2019; 33:1051-1058. [PMID: 31280192 PMCID: PMC6689342 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3 or eNOS) is the enzyme responsible for the highest production of nitric oxide, with the greatest impact on the cardiovascular system, encoded by the eNOS gene, which presents various polymorphisms. ENOS gene polymorphisms play an important role in the response to drugs affecting nitric oxide (NO) signaling. This review discusses the pharmacogenetic impact of eNOS polymorphisms on the response to drugs affecting NO activity: angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists, calcium blockers, beta-blockers, diuretics, phosphodiesterase inhibitors, and statins. The identification of biomarkers that accurately predict particular phenotypes is a challenge that needs additional large studies, in different populations. Efforts should be oriented towards a more accurate evaluation of the effects of eNOS genetic variants on biochemical parameters reflecting eNOS gene expression and enzymatic activity, in different diseases, as well as following drug treatment. This approach will allow for a better understanding of the role of eNOS genetic variants in cardiovascular disease progression and for cardiovascular drug therapy optimization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Cozma
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- 4th Internal Medicine Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adriana Fodor
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Clinical Center of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Disease, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Olga Hilda Orasan
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- 4th Internal Medicine Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Romana Vulturar
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dorel Samplelean
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- 4th Internal Medicine Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Vasile Negrean
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- 4th Internal Medicine Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Crina Muresan
- University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Faculty of Food Science &Technology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ramona Suharoschi
- University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Faculty of Food Science &Technology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adela Sitar-Taut
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- 4th Internal Medicine Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
López-Valverde N, López-Valverde A, Gómez de Diego R, Cieza-Borrella C, Ramírez JM, González-Sarmiento R. Genetic study in patients operated dentally and anesthetized with articaine-epinephrine. J Pain Res 2019; 12:1371-1384. [PMID: 31118755 PMCID: PMC6499144 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s193745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: In this study we wanted to figure out if there was a correlation between OPRM1 N40D, TRPV1 I316M, TRPV1 I585V, NOS3 −786T>C and IL6 −174C>G polymorphisms and the response to locally applied articaine-epinephrine anesthetic. Methods: In this observational study, 114 oral cell samples of patients anesthetized with articaine-epinephrine (54 from men 60 from women), were collected from dental centers in Madrid (Spain). High molecular weight DNA was obtained from oral mucosa cells. The analysis of OPRM1 N40D (rs1799971), TRPV1 I316M (rs222747), TRPV1 I585V (rs8065080) and IL6 −174C>G polymorphism was performed through real-time PCR allelic discrimination using TaqMan probes. Polymorphism NOS3 −786T> C (rs2070744) was analyzed using RFLP-PCR. Results: The studied polymorphisms are involved neither in the response to the anesthetic, nor in the intensity of perceived dental pain. However, in a subset of female patients we found that TRPV1 I316M was associated with a delayed onset of anesthesia. Conclusions: There is no association among these polymorphisms and the time elapsed between the application of the anesthetic and the onset of its effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nansi López-Valverde
- Dental Clinic, Department of Surgery, Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Antonio López-Valverde
- Dental Clinic, Department of Surgery, Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Clara Cieza-Borrella
- Molecular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Juan M Ramírez
- Department of Morphological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Rogelio González-Sarmiento
- Molecular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Oliveira-Paula GH, Pinheiro LC, Tanus-Santos JE. Mechanisms impairing blood pressure responses to nitrite and nitrate. Nitric Oxide 2019; 85:35-43. [PMID: 30716418 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2019.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension is a multifactorial disease associated with impaired nitric oxide (NO) production and bioavailability. In this respect, restoring NO activity by using nitrite and nitrate has been considered a potential therapeutic strategy to treat hypertension. This possibility is justified by the understanding that both nitrite and nitrate may be recycled back to NO and also promote the generation of other bioactive species. This process involves a complex biological circuit known as the enterosalivary cycle of nitrate, where this anion is actively taken up by the salivary glands and converted to nitrite by nitrate-reducing bacteria in the oral cavity. Nitrite is then ingested and reduced to NO and other nitroso species under the acid conditions of the stomach, whereas reminiscent nitrite that escapes gastric reduction is absorbed systemically and can be converted into NO by nitrite-reductases in tissues. While there is no doubt that nitrite and nitrate exert antihypertensive effects, several agents can impair the blood pressure responses to these anions by disrupting the enterosalivary cycle of nitrate. These agents include dietary and smoking-derived thiocyanate, antiseptic mouthwash, proton pump inhibitors, ascorbate at high concentrations, and xanthine oxidoreductase inhibitors. In this article, we provide an overview of the physiological aspects of nitrite and nitrate bioactivation and the therapeutic potential of these anions in hypertension. We also discuss mechanisms by which agents counteracting the antihypertensive responses to nitrite and nitrate mediate their effects. These critical aspects should be taken into consideration when suggesting nitrate or nitrite-based therapies to patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo H Oliveira-Paula
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucas C Pinheiro
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Jose E Tanus-Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Oliveira-Paula GH, Tanus-Santos JE. Nitrite-stimulated Gastric Formation of S-nitrosothiols As An Antihypertensive Therapeutic Strategy. Curr Drug Targets 2019; 20:431-443. [DOI: 10.2174/1389450119666180816120816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is usually associated with deficient nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, and therefore stimulating NO activity is an important antihypertensive strategy. Recently, many studies have shown that both nitrite and nitrate anions are not simple products of NO metabolism and indeed may be reduced back to NO. While enzymes with nitrite-reductase activity capable of generating NO from nitrite may contribute to antihypertensive effects of nitrite, another mechanism involving the generation of NO-related species in the stomach from nitrite has been validated. Under the acidic conditions of the stomach, nitrite generates NO-related species that form S-nitrosothiols. Conversely, drugs that increase gastric pH may impair the gastric formation of S-nitrosothiols, which may mediate antihypertensive effects of oral nitrite or nitrate. Therefore, it is now becoming clear that promoting gastric formation of S-nitrosothiols may result in effective antihypertensive responses, and this mechanism opens a window of opportunity in the therapy of hypertension. In this review, we discuss the recent studies supporting the gastric generation of S-nitrosothiols as a potential antihypertensive mechanism of oral nitrite. We also highlight some drugs that increase S-nitrosothiols bioavailability, which may also improve the responses to nitrite/nitrate therapy. This new approach may result in increased nitrosation of critical pharmacological receptors and enzymes involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension, which tend to respond less to their activators resulting in lower blood pressure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo H. Oliveira-Paula
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Jose E. Tanus-Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Hsiao HY, Chung CW, Santos JH, Villaflores OB, Lu TT. Fe in biosynthesis, translocation, and signal transduction of NO: toward bioinorganic engineering of dinitrosyl iron complexes into NO-delivery scaffolds for tissue engineering. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:9431-9453. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt00777f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquitous physiology of nitric oxide enables the bioinorganic engineering of [Fe(NO)2]-containing and NO-delivery scaffolds for tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Yi Hsiao
- Center for Tissue Engineering
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
- Taoyuan
- Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Wei Chung
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu
- Taiwan
| | | | - Oliver B. Villaflores
- Department of Biochemistry
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- University of Santo Tomas
- Manila
- Philippines
| | - Tsai-Te Lu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu
- Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Yankina MA, Saik OV, Ivanisenko VA, Demenkov PS, Khusnutdinova EK. Evaluation of Prioritization Methods of Extrinsic Apoptotic Signaling Pathway Genes for Retrieval of the New Candidates Associated with Major Depressive Disorder. RUSS J GENET+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795418110170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
72
|
Luizon MR, Pereira DA, Tanus-Santos JE. Pharmacogenetic relevance of endothelial nitric oxide synthase polymorphisms and gene interactions. Pharmacogenomics 2018; 19:1423-1435. [PMID: 30398085 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2018-0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3) is a key enzyme responsible for nitric oxide (NO) generation in the vascular endothelium. Endothelial dysfunction is characterized by reduced NO production, and is a hallmark of cardiovascular diseases. Drugs with cardiovascular action may activate NOS3 and result in NO release and vasodilation. Moreover, genetic variations affect NOS3 expression and activity, and may partially explain the variability in the responses to cardiovascular drugs. We reviewed NO signaling and genetic effects on NO formation, and the effects of NOS3 polymorphisms, haplotypes and gene-gene interactions within NO signaling pathways on the responses to cardiovascular drugs. We discuss the role of rare NOS3 variants and further gene-gene interactions analysis for the development of novel therapies for cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo R Luizon
- Department of General Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil.,UFMG Graduate Program in Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Daniela A Pereira
- UFMG Graduate Program in Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Jose E Tanus-Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo 14049-900, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Katkam SK, Indumathi B, Tasneem FS, Rajasekhar L, Kutala VK. Impact of eNOS 27-bp VNTR (4b/a) gene polymorphism with the risk of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in south Indian subjects. Gene 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
74
|
Peng J, Wang Y, He F, Chen C, Wu LW, Yang LF, Ma YP, Zhang W, Shi ZQ, Chen C, Xia K, Guo H, Yin F, Pang N. Novel West syndrome candidate genes in a Chinese cohort. CNS Neurosci Ther 2018; 24:1196-1206. [PMID: 29667327 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS West syndrome (WS) is a classic form of early infantile epileptic encephalopathy (EIEE) characterized by tonic spasms with clustering, arrest of psychomotor development, and hypsarrhythmia on electroencephalography. Genetic defects play a critical role in the pathology of WS, and 54 EIEE genes have been identified till date. This study was designed to uncover new candidate genes for West syndrome. METHODS In this study, we recruited 56 Chinese families with WS of unknown etiology. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed to identify Mendelian inheritance rare or novel variants. The association between candidate genes and WS was analyzed from many aspects, including recurrent genes in patients, predicted variant effect on genes, human tolerance to deficient genes, gene expression in the nervous system, coexpression with EIEE genes, mutual interaction with known EIEE proteins, genes related to ion channel or fragile X mental retardation protein function, and mouse models with manifestation of seizures. Genes with supporting evidence from those aspects were defined as highlight candidate genes. RESULTS Whole exome sequencing identified 112 candidate variants in 89 genes. Among the candidate genes, 33 were autosomal dominant, 22 were autosomal recessive, and 34 were X-linked. Complex bioinformatic analysis revealed 17 highlight candidate genes: ATP2A2, CD99L2, CLCN6, CYFIP1, CYFIP2, GNB1, GPT2, HUWE1, KMT2D, MYO18A, NOS3, RYR1, RYR2, RYR3, TAF1, TECTA, and UBA1. The majority of highlight candidate genes are calcium-signaling pathway and mental retardation genes. CONCLUSIONS This is the first WES study of Chinese WS patients with unknown etiology. This combination of phenotypic and genomic data will enable further testing to elucidate mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of WS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Peng
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fang He
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Li-Wen Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Li-Fen Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu-Ping Ma
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zi-Qing Shi
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kun Xia
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Guo
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fei Yin
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, Changsha, China
| | - Nan Pang
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Oliveira-Paula GH, Lacchini R, Pinheiro LC, Ferreira GC, Luizon MR, Garcia WNP, Garcia LV, Tanus-Santos JE. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase polymorphisms affect the changes in blood pressure and nitric oxide bioavailability induced by propofol. Nitric Oxide 2018; 75:77-84. [PMID: 29496565 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Propofol anesthesia is usually accompanied by hypotension, which is at least in part related to enhanced endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3)-derived NO bioavailability. We examined here whether NOS3 polymorphisms (rs2070744, 4b/4a VNTR, rs3918226 and rs1799983) and haplotypes affect the changes in blood pressure and NO bioavailability induced by propofol. Venous blood samples were collected from 168 patients at baseline and after 10 min of anesthesia with propofol 2 mg/kg administered intravenously by bolus injection. Genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction and haplotype frequencies were estimated. Nitrite concentrations were measured by using an ozone-based chemiluminescence assay, while NOx (nitrites + nitrates) levels were determined by using the Griess reaction. We found that CT + TT genotypes for the rs3918226 polymorphism, the ba + aa genotypes for the 4b/4a VNTR and the CTbT haplotype were associated with lower decreases in blood pressure and lower increases in nitrite levels after propofol anesthesia. On the other hand, the TCbT and CCbT haplotypes were associated with more intense decreases in blood pressure and higher increases in nitrite levels in response to propofol. Our results suggest that NOS3 polymorphisms and haplotypes influence the hypotensive responses to propofol, possibly by affecting NO bioavailability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo H Oliveira-Paula
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Riccardo Lacchini
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Human Sciences, Ribeirao Preto College of Nursing, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucas C Pinheiro
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Graziele C Ferreira
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo R Luizon
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Waynice N P Garcia
- Department of Biomechanics, Medicine and Rehabilitation of the Locomotor System, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Luis V Garcia
- Department of Biomechanics, Medicine and Rehabilitation of the Locomotor System, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Jose E Tanus-Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Bregar D, Cilenšek I, Mankoč S, Reschner A, Petrovič D, Globočnik Petrovič M. The joint effect of the endothelin receptor B gene (EDNRB) polymorphism rs10507875 and nitric oxide synthase 3 gene (NOS3) polymorphism rs869109213 in Slovenian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic retinopathy. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2018; 18:80-86. [PMID: 28817788 DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2017.2244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that endothelin and nitric oxide synthase genes and their products exert biological effects on the vasculature via the nitric oxide or endothelin pathway. The aim of the study was to evaluate the association of rs10507875 and rs869109213 (alone or in interaction) with diabetic retinopathy (DR) in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We genotyped the single nucleotide polymorphism rs10507875 of the endothelin receptor B gene (EDNRB) and variable number tandem repeats rs869109213 of the nitric oxide synthase 3 gene (NOS3) in 270 Slovenian patients with DR and T2DM and 256 controls with T2DM without clinical signs of DR. The genotyping was performed using either real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or standard PCR. We found a significant association between the genotypes of NOS3 rs869109213 polymorphism and the risk of DR in the co-dominant model (4a4b genotype; 1.99-fold increased risk [1.09-3.65]; 95% confidence interval [CI]; p = 0.02), co-dominant model (4a4a genotype; 4.16-fold increased risk [1.03-16.74]; 95% CI; p = 0.04), and dominant model (4a4a and 4a4b genotypes; 2.22-fold increased risk [1.26-3.92]; 95% CI; p = 0.01) compared to the 4b4b genotype. Moreover, the joint effect of the two polymorphisms on DR risk was greater than the individual effect of each polymorphism in the analyzed genetic models. Additionally, adjusted odds ratio showed an increased risk in dominant × dominant (4.15-fold [1.40-12.26]; 95% CI; p = 0.01) and recessive × dominant (2.24-fold [1.25-4.01]; 95% CI; p = 0.02) genotype combinations of the two polymorphisms. In conclusion, our results indicate that NOS3 rs869109213 polymorphism alone or in a combination with EDNRB rs10507875 polymorphism may be associated with DR in Slovenian patients with T2DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dejan Bregar
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
77
|
Oliveira-Paula GH, Pinheiro LC, Ferreira GC, Garcia WNP, Lacchini R, Garcia LV, Tanus-Santos JE. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors enhance the hypotensive effects of propofol by increasing nitric oxide production. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 115:10-17. [PMID: 29138017 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Propofol anesthesia is usually accompanied by hypotension. Studies have shown that the hypotensive effects of propofol increase in patients treated with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi). Given that both propofol and ACEi affect nitric oxide (NO) signaling, the present study tested the hypothesis that ACEi treatment induces pronounced hypotensive responses to propofol by increasing NO bioavailability. In this study we evaluated 65 patients, divided into three groups: hypertensive patients chronically treated with ACEi (HT-ACEi; n = 21), hypertensive patients treated with other antihypertensive drugs instead of ACEi, such as angiotensin II receptor blockers, β-blockers or diuretics (HT; n = 21) and healthy normotensive subjects (NT; n = 23). Venous blood samples were collected at baseline and after 10min of anesthesia with propofol 2mg/kg administrated intravenously by bolus injection. Hemodynamic parameters were recorded at each blood sample collection. Nitrite levels were determined by using an ozone-based chemiluminescence assay, while NOx (nitrites+nitrates) levels were measured by using the Griess reaction. Additionally, experimental approaches were used to validate our clinical findings. Higher decreases in blood pressure after propofol anesthesia were observed in HT-ACEi group as compared with those found in NT and HT groups. Consistently, rats treated with the ACEi enalapril showed more intense hypotensive responses to propofol. The hypotensive effects of propofol were associated with increased NO production in both clinical and experimental approaches. Enhanced increases in nitrite levels after propofol anesthesia were observed in HT-ACEi patients compared with NT and HT groups. Accordingly, rats treated with enalapril showed increased vascular NO formation after propofol anesthesia compared with rats receiving vehicle. Our data show that ACEi enhance the hypotensive responses to propofol anesthesia and increase nitrite concentrations. These findings suggest that increased NO bioavailability may account for the enhanced hypotensive effects of propofol in ACEi-treated patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo H Oliveira-Paula
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucas C Pinheiro
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Graziele C Ferreira
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Waynice N P Garcia
- Department of Biomechanics, Medicine and Rehabilitation of the Locomotor System, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Riccardo Lacchini
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Human Sciences, Ribeirao Preto College of Nursing, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Luis V Garcia
- Department of Biomechanics, Medicine and Rehabilitation of the Locomotor System, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Jose E Tanus-Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
da Cunha Martins A, Carneiro MFH, Grotto D, Adeyemi JA, Barbosa F. Arsenic, cadmium, and mercury-induced hypertension: mechanisms and epidemiological findings. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2018; 21:61-82. [PMID: 29446707 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2018.1432025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg) are toxic elements widely distributed in the environment. Exposure to these elements was attributed to produce several acute and chronic illnesses including hypertension. The aim of this review is to provide a summary of the most frequently proposed mechanisms underlying hypertension associated with As, Cd, and Hg exposure including: oxidative stress, impaired nitric oxide (NO) signaling, modified vascular response to neurotransmitters and disturbed vascular muscle Ca2+ signaling, renal damage, and interference with the renin-angiotensin system. Due to the complexity of the vascular system, a combination rather than a singular mechanism needs to be considered. In addition, epidemiological findings showing the relationship between various biomarkers of metal exposure and hypertension are described. Given the complex etiology of hypertension, further epidemiological studies evaluating the roles of confounding factors such as age, gender, and life style are still necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Airton da Cunha Martins
- a Laboratório de Toxicologia e Essencialidade de Metais, Depto. de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto , Universidade de São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto-SP , Brazil
| | - Maria Fernanda Hornos Carneiro
- a Laboratório de Toxicologia e Essencialidade de Metais, Depto. de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto , Universidade de São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto-SP , Brazil
| | - Denise Grotto
- b Laboratório de Pesquisa em Toxicologia , Universidade de Sorocaba , Sorocaba-SP , Brazil
| | - Joseph A Adeyemi
- a Laboratório de Toxicologia e Essencialidade de Metais, Depto. de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto , Universidade de São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto-SP , Brazil
| | - Fernando Barbosa
- a Laboratório de Toxicologia e Essencialidade de Metais, Depto. de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto , Universidade de São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto-SP , Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
VLDL Induced Modulation of Nitric Oxide Signalling and Cell Redox Homeostasis in HUVEC. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:2697364. [PMID: 29085553 PMCID: PMC5632467 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2697364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
High levels of circulating lipoprotein constitute a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, and in this context, the specific role of the very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) is poorly understood. The response of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) to VLDL exposure was studied, especially focusing on the pathways involved in alteration of redox homeostasis and nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. The results obtained by the analysis of the expression level of genes implicated in the NO metabolism and oxidative stress response indicated a strong activation of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) upon 24 h exposure to VLDL, particularly if these have been preventively oxidised. Simultaneously, both mRNA and protein expression of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) were decreased and its phosphorylation pattern, at the key residues Tyr495 and Ser1177, strongly suggested the occurrence of the eNOS uncoupling. The results are consistent with the observed increased production of nitrites and nitrates (NOx), reactive oxygen species (ROS), 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT), and, at mitochondrial level, a deficit in mitochondrial O2 consumption. Altogether, these data suggest that the VLDL, particularly if oxidised, when allowed to persist in contact with endothelial cells, strongly alter NO bioavailability, affecting redox homeostasis and mitochondrial function.
Collapse
|
80
|
Lapping-Carr G, Khalyfa A, Rangel S, Darlington W, Beyer EC, Peddinti R, Cunningham JM, Gozal D. Exosomes contribute to endothelial integrity and acute chest syndrome risk: Preliminary findings. Pediatr Pulmonol 2017; 52:1478-1485. [PMID: 28486752 PMCID: PMC5653417 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.23698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute Chest Syndrome (ACS) is one of the leading causes of death among children with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD). Disruption of microvascular integrity is critical to the pathophysiology of ACS, but the factors governing its phenotypic variability are incompletely understood. Because circulating exosomes have been implicated in vascular dysfunction in various diseases, we hypothesized that exosomes induce endothelial dysfunction in patients who experience ACS. PROCEDURE Cross-sectional cohort study including 33 outpatients with SCD (without new health-related complaints or recent transfusions) and a cohort of control patients. Exosomes were isolated from platelet-free plasma. RESULTS ImageStream showed that exosome counts were greatly increased in patients with SCD compared with controls, but there were few differences in the concentrations of exosomes between patients who had experienced ACS (ACS(+)) and those who had not (ACS(-)). Exosomes were added to human microvascular endothelial cells, and the exosomal effects on monolayer integrity was determined using Electric Cell-substrate Impedance Sensing (ECIS). Exosomes from SCD patients without ACS differed minimally from control patients; however, exosomes from ACS(+) decreased endothelial cell resistance compared to ACS(-), (Relative resistance: ACS(+): 0.981 ± 0.055 vs ACS(-): 1.124 ± 0.042; P = 0.006). Treatment of endothelial cultures with exosomes from ACS(-) patients increased endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase (eNOS) mRNA expression, while ACS(+)-derived exosomes were not able to increase eNOS expression above that of controls. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate that patients with SCD have circulating exosomes that produce differential effects that may contribute to the pathophysiology of ACS and may serve as risk-related biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Lapping-Carr
- Sections of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Comer Children’s Hospital, The University of Chicago, Chicago, USA, La Rabida Children’s Hospital, Chicago, USA
| | - Abdelnaby Khalyfa
- Pediatric Pulmonology and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Comer Children’s Hospital, The University of Chicago, Chicago, USA, La Rabida Children’s Hospital, Chicago, USA
| | - Stephanie Rangel
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, USA
| | - Wendy Darlington
- Sections of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Comer Children’s Hospital, The University of Chicago, Chicago, USA, La Rabida Children’s Hospital, Chicago, USA
| | - Eric C. Beyer
- Sections of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Comer Children’s Hospital, The University of Chicago, Chicago, USA, La Rabida Children’s Hospital, Chicago, USA
| | - Radhika Peddinti
- Sections of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Comer Children’s Hospital, The University of Chicago, Chicago, USA, La Rabida Children’s Hospital, Chicago, USA
| | - John M. Cunningham
- Sections of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Comer Children’s Hospital, The University of Chicago, Chicago, USA, La Rabida Children’s Hospital, Chicago, USA
| | - David Gozal
- Pediatric Pulmonology and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Comer Children’s Hospital, The University of Chicago, Chicago, USA, La Rabida Children’s Hospital, Chicago, USA
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
Gillis E, Kumar AA, Luyckx I, Preuss C, Cannaerts E, van de Beek G, Wieschendorf B, Alaerts M, Bolar N, Vandeweyer G, Meester J, Wünnemann F, Gould RA, Zhurayev R, Zerbino D, Mohamed SA, Mital S, Mertens L, Björck HM, Franco-Cereceda A, McCallion AS, Van Laer L, Verhagen JMA, van de Laar IMBH, Wessels MW, Messas E, Goudot G, Nemcikova M, Krebsova A, Kempers M, Salemink S, Duijnhouwer T, Jeunemaitre X, Albuisson J, Eriksson P, Andelfinger G, Dietz HC, Verstraeten A, Loeys BL. Candidate Gene Resequencing in a Large Bicuspid Aortic Valve-Associated Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm Cohort: SMAD6 as an Important Contributor. Front Physiol 2017; 8:400. [PMID: 28659821 PMCID: PMC5469151 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is the most common congenital heart defect. Although many BAV patients remain asymptomatic, at least 20% develop thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA). Historically, BAV-related TAA was considered as a hemodynamic consequence of the valve defect. Multiple lines of evidence currently suggest that genetic determinants contribute to the pathogenesis of both BAV and TAA in affected individuals. Despite high heritability, only very few genes have been linked to BAV or BAV/TAA, such as NOTCH1, SMAD6, and MAT2A. Moreover, they only explain a minority of patients. Other candidate genes have been suggested based on the presence of BAV in knockout mouse models (e.g., GATA5, NOS3) or in syndromic (e.g., TGFBR1/2, TGFB2/3) or non-syndromic (e.g., ACTA2) TAA forms. We hypothesized that rare genetic variants in these genes may be enriched in patients presenting with both BAV and TAA. We performed targeted resequencing of 22 candidate genes using Haloplex target enrichment in a strictly defined BAV/TAA cohort (n = 441; BAV in addition to an aortic root or ascendens diameter ≥ 4.0 cm in adults, or a Z-score ≥ 3 in children) and in a collection of healthy controls with normal echocardiographic evaluation (n = 183). After additional burden analysis against the Exome Aggregation Consortium database, the strongest candidate susceptibility gene was SMAD6 (p = 0.002), with 2.5% (n = 11) of BAV/TAA patients harboring causal variants, including two nonsense, one in-frame deletion and two frameshift mutations. All six missense mutations were located in the functionally important MH1 and MH2 domains. In conclusion, we report a significant contribution of SMAD6 mutations to the etiology of the BAV/TAA phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Gillis
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University HospitalAntwerp, Belgium
| | - Ajay A Kumar
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University HospitalAntwerp, Belgium
| | - Ilse Luyckx
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University HospitalAntwerp, Belgium
| | - Christoph Preuss
- Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de MontrealMontreal, QC, Canada
| | - Elyssa Cannaerts
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University HospitalAntwerp, Belgium
| | - Gerarda van de Beek
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University HospitalAntwerp, Belgium
| | - Björn Wieschendorf
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University HospitalAntwerp, Belgium.,Department of Cardiac and Thoracic Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-HolsteinLübeck, Germany
| | - Maaike Alaerts
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University HospitalAntwerp, Belgium
| | - Nikhita Bolar
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University HospitalAntwerp, Belgium
| | - Geert Vandeweyer
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University HospitalAntwerp, Belgium
| | - Josephina Meester
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University HospitalAntwerp, Belgium
| | - Florian Wünnemann
- Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de MontrealMontreal, QC, Canada
| | - Russell A Gould
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimore, MD, United States
| | - Rustam Zhurayev
- Department of Clinical pathology, Lviv National Medical University after Danylo HalytskyLviv, Ukraine
| | - Dmytro Zerbino
- Department of Clinical pathology, Lviv National Medical University after Danylo HalytskyLviv, Ukraine
| | - Salah A Mohamed
- Department of Cardiac and Thoracic Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-HolsteinLübeck, Germany
| | - Seema Mital
- Cardiovascular Research, SickKids University HospitalToronto, ON, Canada
| | - Luc Mertens
- Cardiovascular Research, SickKids University HospitalToronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hanna M Björck
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska InstituteStockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Franco-Cereceda
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska InstituteStockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrew S McCallion
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimore, MD, United States
| | - Lut Van Laer
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University HospitalAntwerp, Belgium
| | - Judith M A Verhagen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical CenterRotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Marja W Wessels
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical CenterRotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Emmanuel Messas
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou; Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMRSParis, France
| | - Guillaume Goudot
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou; Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMRSParis, France
| | - Michaela Nemcikova
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, 2nd Faculty of Medicine-Charles University and Motol University HospitalPrague, Czechia
| | - Alice Krebsova
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental MedicinePrague, Czechia
| | - Marlies Kempers
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical CentreNijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Simone Salemink
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical CentreNijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Toon Duijnhouwer
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical CentreNijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Xavier Jeunemaitre
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou; Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMRSParis, France
| | - Juliette Albuisson
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou; Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMRSParis, France
| | - Per Eriksson
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska InstituteStockholm, Sweden
| | - Gregor Andelfinger
- Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de MontrealMontreal, QC, Canada
| | - Harry C Dietz
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimore, MD, United States.,Howard Hughes Medical InstituteBaltimore, MD, United States
| | - Aline Verstraeten
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University HospitalAntwerp, Belgium
| | - Bart L Loeys
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University HospitalAntwerp, Belgium.,Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical CentreNijmegen, Netherlands
| | | |
Collapse
|
82
|
Maia LMSDS, Amancio-Dos-Santos A, Germano PCPDS, Falcão ACSM, Duda-de-Oliveira D, Guedes RCA. Do the accelerating actions of tianeptine and l-arginine on cortical spreading depression interact? An electrophysiological analysis in young and adult rats. Neurosci Lett 2017; 650:134-138. [PMID: 28450192 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In the rat, we previously demonstrated that serotonin-enhancing drugs impair cortical spreading depression (CSD) and that l-arginine (arginine) treatment enhances CSD. Here, we investigated the interaction between topical application of the serotonin uptake enhancer tianeptine and systemic arginine administration on CSD. From postnatal day 7-28, female Wistar rats (n=40) received by gavage 300mg/Kg/day arginine (n=20) or water (n=20). Half of the arginine- or water-treated rats underwent CSD recording at 30-40days of age (young), while the other half was recorded at 90-120days (adult). Following baseline recording (four episodes of CSD), we applied tianeptine solution (10mg/ml) to a rectangular portion of the intact dura mater for 10-min and then elicited CSD. This procedure was repeated three times. Compared to baseline values, CSD velocities and amplitudes following tianeptine application increased, and CSD duration decreased significantly (p<0.05) in both young and adult rats, regardless of treatment group. CSD acceleration caused by systemic treatment with arginine is in agreement with previous findings. Topical cortical application of tianeptine replicated the effect of systemic application, suggesting a cortically based mechanism for tianeptine's action. However, the absence of interaction between arginine and tianeptine treatments suggests that they probably act through separate mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Angela Amancio-Dos-Santos
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Centro de Biociências, UFPE, 50740-600, Recife PE, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
83
|
Zhao J, Zhang W, Shen L, Yang X, Liu Y, Gai Z. Association of the ACE, GSTM1, IL-6, NOS3, and CYP1A1 polymorphisms with susceptibility of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in Chinese children. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e6642. [PMID: 28403117 PMCID: PMC5403114 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000006642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a common cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and the clinical presentation of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) varies widely. Genetic variability affecting the host response may also influence the susceptibility to MPP. Several studies have investigated the association between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of some genes and the risks of CAP; however, the results were inconsistent. Here, we investigated the association of 5 functional genes and the risks of MPP, including ACE (rs4340), GSTM1 (Ins/del), IL-6 (rs1800795), NOS3 (rs1799983), and CYP1A1 (rs2606345) in a total of 715 subjects (415 cases, 300 controls) by using tetra-primer allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Sanger sequencing. The gene-gene interactions were analyzed using the Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction and cumulative genetic risk score approaches. Our results showed that 3 SNPs of ACE rs4340, IL-6 rs1800795, and NOS3 rs1799983 were significantly associated with the risks of MPP, while no differences were observed in genotype frequencies of GSTM1 (Ins/del) and CYP1A1 rs2606345 between both groups. The combinations of ACE rs4340D/NOS3 rs1799983T/CYP1A1 rs2606345G and ACE rs4340D/NOS3 rs1799983T contribute to the genetic susceptibility of MPP in Chinese children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhao
- Pediatric Research Institute, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan
- Clinical Laboratory, Central Hospital of Zibo, Zibo
| | - Wen Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory, Central Hospital of Zibo, Zibo
| | - Li Shen
- Clinical Laboratory, Fourth Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaomeng Yang
- Pediatric Research Institute, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan
| | - Yi Liu
- Pediatric Research Institute, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan
| | - Zhongtao Gai
- Pediatric Research Institute, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
Didion SP. Heterozygous eNOS Deficient Mice as a Model to Examine the Effects of eNOS Haploinsufficiency on the Cerebral Circulation. JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY & NEUROMEDICINE 2017; 2:6-9. [PMID: 28616625 PMCID: PMC5467886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide derived from endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) has been shown to be a major mediator of endothelium-dependent responses in cerebral blood vessels. Loss of a single eNOS gene is not associated with any apparent negative consequences on endothelial function in most blood vessels. In contrast, we have recently demonstrated that heterozygous eNOS gene deficiency in combination with a high fat diet is associated with marked impairment of endothelial function. These findings provide an important example of eNOS haploinsufficiency and one that directly impacts the cerebral vasculature. A major mechanism associated with the impairment of endothelial function with eNOS deficiency and a high fat diet appears to be related to increases in plasma IL-6 that serves to further reduce the bioavailability of NO either directly or indirectly via reductions in eNOS expression or activity and via increases in vascular superoxide. Taken together, these findings provide important insights into genetic and molecular mechanisms that promote endothelial dysfunction in response to a high fat diet in cerebral blood vessels with inherent reductions in eNOS gene expression, such as those due to eNOS gene polymorphisms. These findings also highlight the importance of eNOS+/- mice to study the effects of eNOS haploinsufficiency on cerebral blood vessels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sean P Didion
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Neurology, The University of Mississippi Medical Center, USA
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
Oliveira-Paula GH, Lacchini R, Tanus-Santos JE. Clinical and pharmacogenetic impact of endothelial nitric oxide synthase polymorphisms on cardiovascular diseases. Nitric Oxide 2017; 63:39-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2016.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
86
|
Sacharidou A, Shaul PW, Mineo C. New Insights in the Pathophysiology of Antiphospholipid Syndrome. Semin Thromb Hemost 2017; 44:475-482. [PMID: 28129662 DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1597286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by an elevated risk for arterial and venous thrombosis and pregnancy-related morbidity. Since the discovery of the disease in 1980s, numerous studies in cell culture systems, in animal models, and in patient populations have been reported, leading to a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of APS. These studies have determined that circulating autoantibodies, collectively called antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL), the majority of which recognize cell surface proteins attached to the plasma membrane phospholipids, play a causal role in the development of the disease. The binding of aPL to the cell surface antigens triggers interaction of the complex with transmembrane receptors to initiate intracellular signaling in critical cell types, including platelets, monocytes, endothelial cells, and trophoblasts. Subsequent alteration of various cell functions results in inflammation, thrombus formation, and pregnancy complications. Apolipoprotein E receptor 2 (apoER2), a lipoprotein receptor family member, has been implicated as a mediator for aPL actions in platelets and endothelial cells. Nitric oxide (NO) is a signaling molecule known to exert potent antithrombotic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-atherogenic effects. NO insufficiency and oxidative stress have been linked to APS pathogenesis. This review will focus on the recent findings on how apoER2 and dysregulation of NO production contribute to aPL-mediated pathologies in APS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Sacharidou
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Pulmonary and Vascular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Philip W Shaul
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Pulmonary and Vascular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Chieko Mineo
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Pulmonary and Vascular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
Oliveira-Paula GH, Luizon MR, Lacchini R, Fontana V, Silva PS, Biagi C, Tanus-Santos JE. Gene-Gene Interactions Among PRKCA, NOS3 and BDKRB2 Polymorphisms Affect the Antihypertensive Effects of Enalapril. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2016; 120:284-291. [PMID: 27696692 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Protein kinase C (PKC) signalling is critically involved in the control of blood pressure. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) affect PKC expression and activity, which are partially associated with the responses to ACEi. We examined whether PRKCA (protein kinase C, alpha) polymorphisms (rs887797 C>T, rs1010544 T>C and rs16960228 G>A), or haplotypes, and gene-gene interactions within the ACEi pathway affect the antihypertensive responses in 104 hypertensive patients treated with enalapril as monotherapy. Patients were classified as poor responders (PR) or good responders (GR) to enalapril if their changes in mean arterial pressure were lower or higher than the median value, respectively. Multi-factor dimensionality reduction was used to characterize interactions among PRKCA, NOS3 (nitric oxide synthase 3) and BDKRB2 (bradykinin receptor B2) polymorphisms. The TC+CC genotypes for the rs1010544 polymorphism were more frequent in GR than in PR (p = 0.037). Conversely, the GA+AA genotypes for the rs16960228 polymorphism, and the CTA haplotype, were more frequent in PR than in GR (p = 0.040 and p = 0.008, respectively). Moreover, the GG genotype for the PRKCA rs16960228 polymorphism was associated with PR or GR depending on the genotypes for the rs2070744 (NOS3) and rs1799722 (BDKRB2) polymorphisms (p = 0.012). Our results suggest that PRKCA polymorphisms and gene-gene interactions within the ACEi pathway affect the antihypertensive responses to enalapril.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo H Oliveira-Paula
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo R Luizon
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Riccardo Lacchini
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Fontana
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Pamela S Silva
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Celso Biagi
- Santa Casa of Araçatuba, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Jose E Tanus-Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
Butler LM, Hallström BM, Fagerberg L, Pontén F, Uhlén M, Renné T, Odeberg J. Analysis of Body-wide Unfractionated Tissue Data to Identify a Core Human Endothelial Transcriptome. Cell Syst 2016; 3:287-301.e3. [PMID: 27641958 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2016.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial cells line blood vessels and regulate hemostasis, inflammation, and blood pressure. Proteins critical for these specialized functions tend to be predominantly expressed in endothelial cells across vascular beds. Here, we present a systems approach to identify a panel of human endothelial-enriched genes using global, body-wide transcriptomics data from 124 tissue samples from 32 organs. We identified known and unknown endothelial-enriched gene transcripts and used antibody-based profiling to confirm expression across vascular beds. The majority of identified transcripts could be detected in cultured endothelial cells from various vascular beds, and we observed maintenance of relative expression in early passage cells. In summary, we describe a widely applicable method to determine cell-type-specific transcriptome profiles in a whole-organism context, based on differential abundance across tissues. We identify potential vascular drug targets or endothelial biomarkers and highlight candidates for functional studies to increase understanding of the endothelium in health and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lynn Marie Butler
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; Clinical Chemistry and Blood Coagulation, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Björn Mikael Hallström
- Science for Life Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), 171 21 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Linn Fagerberg
- Science for Life Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), 171 21 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Pontén
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mathias Uhlén
- Science for Life Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), 171 21 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas Renné
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; Clinical Chemistry and Blood Coagulation, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jacob Odeberg
- Science for Life Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), 171 21 Stockholm, Sweden; Coagulation Unit, Centre for Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
Oliveira-Paula GH, Lacchini R, Luizon MR, Fontana V, Silva PS, Biagi C, Tanus-Santos JE. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase tagSNPs influence the effects of enalapril in essential hypertension. Nitric Oxide 2016; 55-56:62-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
90
|
Oliveira-Paula GH, Pinheiro LC, Guimaraes DA, Tella SOC, Blanco ALF, Angelis CD, Schechter AN, Tanus-Santos JE. Tempol improves xanthine oxidoreductase-mediated vascular responses to nitrite in experimental renovascular hypertension. Redox Biol 2016; 8:398-406. [PMID: 27078869 PMCID: PMC5022046 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Upregulation of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) increases vascular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and contributes to nitroso-redox imbalance. However, XOR can generate nitric oxide (NO) from nitrite, and increased superoxide could inactivate NO formed from nitrite. This study tested the hypothesis that XOR contributes to the cardiovascular effects of nitrite in renovascular hypertension, and that treatment with the antioxidant tempol (4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl) improves XOR-mediated effects of nitrite. Blood pressure was assessed weekly in two-kidney one-clip (2K1C) and control rats. After six weeks of hypertension, the relaxing responses to nitrite were assessed in aortic rings in the presence of the XOR inhibitor oxypurinol (or vehicle), either in the absence or in the presence of tempol. Moreover, in vivo hypotensive responses to nitrite were also examined in the presence of oxypurinol (or vehicle) and tempol (or vehicle). Aortic XOR activity and expression were evaluated by fluorescence and Western blot, respectively. Vascular ROS production was assessed by the dihydroethidium assay. 2K1C hypertensive rats showed increased aortic XOR activity and vascular ROS production compared with control rats. Oxypurinol shifted the nitrite concentration–response curve to the right in aortic rings from 2K1C rats (but not in controls). Oxypurinol also attenuated the hypotensive responses to nitrite in 2K1C rats (but not in controls). These functional findings agree with increased aortic and plasma XOR activity found in 2K1C rats. Tempol treatment enhanced oxypurinol-induced shift of the nitrite concentration–response curve to the right. However, antioxidant treatment did not affect XOR-mediated hypotensive effects of nitrite. Our results show that XOR is important to the cardiovascular responses to nitrite in 2K1C hypertension, and XOR inhibitors commonly used by patients may cancel this effect. This finding suggests that nitrite treatment may not be effective in patients being treated with XOR inhibitors. Moreover, while tempol may improve the vascular responses to nitrite, antihypertensive responses are not affected. Upregulation of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) is usually found in hypertension. While XOR produces superoxide, it can also produce NO from nitrite. This study shows that XOR mediates vasorelaxing effects of nitrite in renovascular hypertension. XOR inhibition prevents against the antihypertensive effects of nitrite. Antioxidant treatment improves XOR-mediated vasorelaxing effects of nitrite.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo H Oliveira-Paula
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucas C Pinheiro
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Danielle A Guimaraes
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Sandra O Conde Tella
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana L Furlan Blanco
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Celio D Angelis
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Alan N Schechter
- Molecular Medicine Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jose E Tanus-Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|