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Chaisuwan W, Phimolsiripol Y, Chaiyaso T, Techapun C, Leksawasdi N, Jantanasakulwong K, Rachtanapun P, Wangtueai S, Sommano SR, You S, Regenstein JM, Barba FJ, Seesuriyachan P. The Antiviral Activity of Bacterial, Fungal, and Algal Polysaccharides as Bioactive Ingredients: Potential Uses for Enhancing Immune Systems and Preventing Viruses. Front Nutr 2021; 8:772033. [PMID: 34805253 PMCID: PMC8602887 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.772033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral infections may cause serious human diseases. For instance, the recent appearance of the novel virus, SARS-CoV-2, causing COVID-19, has spread globally and is a serious public health concern. The consumption of healthy, proper, functional, and nutrient-rich foods has an important role in enhancing an individual's immune system and preventing viral infections. Several polysaccharides from natural sources such as algae, bacteria, and fungi have been considered as generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the US Food and Drug Administration. They are safe, low-toxicity, biodegradable, and have biological activities. In this review, the bioactive polysaccharides derived from various microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and algae were evaluated. Antiviral mechanisms of these polysaccharides were discussed. Finally, the potential use of microbial and algal polysaccharides as an antiviral and immune boosting strategy was addressed. The microbial polysaccharides exhibited several bioactivities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antitumor, and immunomodulatory activities. Some microbes are able to produce sulfated polysaccharides, which are well-known to exert a board spectrum of biological activities, especially antiviral properties. Microbial polysaccharide can inhibit various viruses using different mechanisms. Furthermore, these microbial polysaccharides are also able to modulate immune responses to prevent and/or inhibit virus infections. There are many molecular factors influencing their bioactivities, e.g., functional groups, conformations, compositions, and molecular weight. At this stage of development, microbial polysaccharides will be used as adjuvants, nutrient supplements, and for drug delivery to prevent several virus infections, especially SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Worraprat Chaisuwan
- Interdisciplinary Program in Biotechnology, Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Yuthana Phimolsiripol
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro-BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Thanongsak Chaiyaso
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro-BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Charin Techapun
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro-BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Noppol Leksawasdi
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro-BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Kittisak Jantanasakulwong
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro-BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Pornchai Rachtanapun
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro-BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sutee Wangtueai
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro-BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- College of Maritime Studies and Management, Chiang Mai University, Samut Sakhon, Thailand
| | - Sarana Rose Sommano
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro-BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Plant Bioactive Compound Laboratory (BAC), Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - SangGuan You
- Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, South Korea
| | - Joe M. Regenstein
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Francisco J. Barba
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Phisit Seesuriyachan
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro-BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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52
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Extraction, purification, bioactivities and prospect of lentinan: A review. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Li Q, Chen J, Liu J, Yu H, Zhang L, Song C, Li Y, Jiang N, Tan Q, Shang X, Gu Y. De novo Sequencing and Comparative Transcriptome Analyses Provide First Insights Into Polysaccharide Biosynthesis During Fruiting Body Development of Lentinula edodes. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:627099. [PMID: 34326817 PMCID: PMC8313990 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.627099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides separated from Lentinula edodes are well known for their medicinal properties. However, the precise molecular mechanisms of polysaccharide biosynthesis in L. edodes remain unclear. In this study, the fruiting bodies of L. edodes in four developmental stages with significant differences in polysaccharide yield were collected, and the characteristics of polysaccharides were studied. De novo sequencing and comparative transcriptomic analysis were performed by using high-throughput Illumina RNA-sequencing. KS1P30, KS2P30, KS3P30, and KS4P30 were obtained from the four developmental stages, respectively, by hot water extraction and 30% ethanol precipitation. These four polysaccharides had good immune activity in vitro; all of them were β-glucopyranose with a high molecular weight. Glucose was the main monosaccharide component of these polysaccharides. High-quality clean reads (57.88, 53.17, 53.28, and 47.56 million for different growth stages) and mapping ratios ranging from 84.75 to 90.11% were obtained. In total, 11,493 (96.56%) unigenes and 18,924 (97.46%) transcripts were successfully annotated in five public databases. The biosynthetic pathway and related genes of LEFP30 were mined. The molecular mechanism of LEFP30 yield change in the different developmental stages was predicted. The results provide some insights into the possible mechanisms involved in the biosynthetic pathway of this kind of polysaccharide in L. edodes fruiting bodies. They also indicate that candidate genes can be used as important resources for biotechnology and molecular breeding to regulate L. edodes fruiting body polysaccharide biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaozhen Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Chen
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianyu Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hailong Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lujun Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunyan Song
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Tan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodong Shang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunfu Gu
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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Yu X, Huang L, You C, Huang L. Hepatoprotective Effects of Polysaccharide from Anoectochilus roxburghii (Wall.) Lindl. on Rat Liver Injury Induced by CCl 4. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2021; 15:2885-2897. [PMID: 34262256 PMCID: PMC8275120 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s310263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The polysaccharide of Anoectochilus roxburghii (wall.) Lindl. (ARPS) is one of its important active ingredients. Hepatoprotective effects of ARPS on rat liver injury induced by CCl4 were studied. Methods ARPS was extracted using the ultrasonic method and successfully purified by high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) with a two-phase aqueous system composed of 12.5% PEG 1000-20% K2HPO4:KH2PO4 (1:1). The HSCCC conditions were optimized, and the structure of ARPS was characterized. The hepatoprotective effects of ARPS against CCl4-induced chronic hepatic injury in SD rats were evaluated. Results The results showed that ARPS was a water-soluble polysaccharide with a molecular weight of 28,518 Da. It was composed of mannose, ribose, glucose, and arabian sugar; its monosaccharide molar ratio was glucose:ribose:arabinose:mannose = 54.24:13.20:1.09:1.00. The purity of ARPS was determined by HPLC to be 96.93%. The intervention effects of ARPS on CCl4-induced hepatic damage model in rats showed that ARPS could effectively reduce the activity of alanine amino transferase and aspartate amino transferase, decrease the content of malondialdehyde and nitric oxide synthesis, and increase the content of glutathione. Pathology revealed that liver plate order, liver cell degeneration, and edema were improved; inflammatory cell infiltration was not observed after ARPS intervention. Conclusion ARPS had the function of antioxidant for protecting CCl4-induced injured liver, and the mechanisms were related to anti-lipid peroxidation, which could eliminate oxygen-free radicals and protect liver cells from attacks by free radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmacy, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyi Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen You
- Department of Pharmacy, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Liying Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
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Zhao S, Lei M, Xu H, He H, Suvorov A, Wang J, Qiu J, Zhou Q, Yang J, Chen L. The normal cell proliferation and wound healing effect of polysaccharides from Ganoderma amboinense. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2021.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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56
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Edible Mushrooms and Beta-Glucans: Impact on Human Health. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072195. [PMID: 34202377 PMCID: PMC8308413 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mushroom cell walls are rich in β-glucans, long or short-chain polymers of glucose subunits with β-1,3 and β-1,6 linkages, that are responsible for the linear and branching structures, respectively. β-glucans from cereals, at variance, have no 1,6 linkages nor branching structures. Both immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects of mushrooms have been described using purified β-glucans or fungi extracts on cellular and experimental models; their potential clinical use has been tested in different conditions, such as recurrent infections of the respiratory tract or complications of major surgery. Another promising application of β-glucans is on cancer, as adjuvant of conventional chemotherapy. β-glucans may protect the cardiovascular system, ameliorating glucose, lipid metabolism, and blood pressure: these activities, observed for oat and barley β-glucans, require confirmation in human studies with mushroom β-glucans. On the other hand, mushrooms may also protect the cardiovascular system via a number of other components, such as bioactive phenolic compounds, vitamins, and mineral elements. The growing knowledge on the mechanism(s) and health benefits of mushrooms is encouraging the development of a potential clinical use of β-glucans, and also to further document their role in preserving health and prevent disease in the context of healthy lifestyles.
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57
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Yang Y, Qiu Z, Li L, Vidyarthi SK, Zheng Z, Zhang R. Structural characterization and antioxidant activities of one neutral polysaccharide and three acid polysaccharides from Ziziphus jujuba cv. Hamidazao: A comparison. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 261:117879. [PMID: 33766366 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A neutral polysaccharide (HJP-1a) and three acid polysaccharides (HJP-2, HJP-3 and HJP-4) were obtained from Z. jujuba cv. Hamidazao. HJP-1a was mainly composed of arabinose and galactose in a ratio of 56.9:20.0, with an average molecular weight of 3.115 × 104 g/mol. HJP-2, HJP-3 and HJP-4 were homogeneous heteropolysaccharides mainly containing galacturonic acid, arabinose and galactose, with average molecular weights of 4.590 × 104, 6.986 × 104 and 1.951 × 105 g/mol, respectively. Structural characterization indicated that the backbone of HJP-3 appeared to be mainly composed of →4)-α-d-GalpA (1→ and →2,4)-α-l-Rhap (1→ residues with some branches consisting of →5)-α-l-Araf (1→ residues and terminals of T-α-l-Araf (1→ and T-β-d-Galp residues. The four purified fractions displayed dose-dependent radical scavenging activity on ABTS+ radicals and reducing capacity, as well as excellent protective effect on H2O2-induced HepG2 cells and metronidazole-damaged zebrafish embryos, especially HJP-2 in vitro and HJP-1a in vivo. Therefore, the polysaccharides from Z. jujuba cv. Hamidazao could be used as a potential antioxidant in functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmin Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, PR China
| | - Zhichang Qiu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, PR China
| | - Lingyu Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, PR China
| | - Sriram K Vidyarthi
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis, 95616, CA, USA; Research and Development, The Morning Star Company, Woodland, 95695, CA, USA
| | - Zhenjia Zheng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, PR China
| | - Rentang Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, PR China.
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58
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Sheng K, Wang C, Chen B, Kang M, Wang M, Liu K, Wang M. Recent advances in polysaccharides from Lentinus edodes (Berk.): Isolation, structures and bioactivities. Food Chem 2021; 358:129883. [PMID: 33940295 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Lentinus edodes, an important edible mushroom cultivated in East Asia for thousands of years, has been widely used as food and medicinal ingredient worldwide. Modern phytochemistry studies have demonstrated that L. edodes is very rich in bioactive polysaccharides, especially the β-glucans. Over the past two decades, the isolation, chemical properties, and bioactivities of polysaccharides from fruiting bodies, mycelium and fermentation broth of L. edodes have been drawing much attention from scholars around the world. It has been demonstrated that L. edodes polysaccharides possess various remarkable biological activities, including anti-oxidant, anti-tumor, anti-aging, anti-inflammation, immunomodulatory, antiviral, and hepatoprotection effects. This review summarizes the recent development of polysaccharides from L. edodes including the isolation methods, structural features, bioactivities and mechanisms, and their structure-activity relationship, which can provide useful research underpinnings and update information for their further application as therapeutic agents and functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangjia Sheng
- College of Food Science & Engineering, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Science, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Cuiling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Science, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Bitao Chen
- College of Food Science & Engineering, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Meijuan Kang
- Library of Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710065, China
| | - Minchang Wang
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710065, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710065, China
| | - Ming Wang
- College of Food Science & Engineering, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China.
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59
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Socio-Economic and Environmental Impacts of Biomass Valorisation: A Strategic Drive for Sustainable Bioeconomy. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13084200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In the late twentieth century, the only cost-effective opportunity for waste removal cost at least several thousand dollars, but nowadays, a lot of improvement has occurred. The biomass and waste generation problems attracted concerned authorities to identify and provide environmentally friendly sustainable solutions that possess environmental and economic benefits. The present study emphasises the valorisation of biomass and waste produced by domestic and industrial sectors. Therefore, substantial research is ongoing to replace the traditional treatment methods that potentially acquire less detrimental effects. Synthetic biology can be a unique platform that invites all the relevant characters for designing and assembling an efficient program that could be useful to handle the increasing threat for human beings. In the future, these engineered methods will not only revolutionise our lives but practically lead us to get cheaper biofuels, producing bioenergy, pharmaceutics, and various biochemicals. The bioaugmentation approach concomitant with microbial fuel cells (MFC) is an example that is used to produce electricity from municipal waste, which is directly associated with the loading of waste. Beyond the traditional opportunities, herein, we have spotlighted the new advances in pertinent technology closely related to production and reduction approaches. Various integrated modern techniques and aspects related to the industrial sector are also discussed with suitable examples, including green energy and other industrially relevant products. However, many problems persist in present-day technology that requires essential efforts to handle thoroughly because significant valorisation of biomass and waste involves integrated methods for timely detection, classification, and separation. We reviewed and proposed the anticipated dispensation methods to overcome the growing stream of biomass and waste at a distinct and organisational scale.
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60
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de Graaff P, Berrevoets C, Rӧsch C, Schols HA, Verhoef K, Wichers HJ, Debets R, Govers C. Curdlan, zymosan and a yeast-derived β-glucan reshape tumor-associated macrophages into producers of inflammatory chemo-attractants. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2021; 70:547-561. [PMID: 32860527 PMCID: PMC7889676 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-020-02707-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Anti-cancer T-cell responses are often halted due to the immune-suppressive micro-environment, in part related to tumor-associated macrophages. In the current study, we assessed indigestible β-glucans (oatβG, curdlan, grifolan, schizophyllan, lentinan, yeast whole glucan particles (yWGP), zymosan and two additional yeast-derived β-glucans a and b) for their physicochemical properties as well as their effects on the plasticity of human monocyte-derived macrophages that were polarized with IL-4 to immune-suppressive macrophages. Beta-glucans were LPS/LTA free, and tested for solubility, molecular masses, protein and monosaccharide contents. Curdlan, yeast-b and zymosan re-polarized M(IL-4) macrophages towards an M1-like phenotype, in particular showing enhanced gene expression of CCR7, ICAM1 and CD80, and secretion of TNF-α and IL-6. Notably, differential gene expression, pathway analysis as well as protein expressions demonstrated that M(IL-4) macrophages treated with curdlan, yeast-b or zymosan demonstrated enhanced production of chemo-attractants, such as CCL3, CCL4, and CXCL8, which contribute to recruitment of monocytes and neutrophils. The secretion of chemo-attractants was confirmed when using patient-derived melanoma-infiltrating immune cells. Taken together, the bacterial-derived curdlan as well as the yeast-derived β-glucans yeast-b and zymosan have the unique ability to preferentially skew macrophages towards a chemo-attractant-producing phenotype that may aid in anti-cancer immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla de Graaff
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC-Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
- Wageningen Food and Biobased Research, Wageningen UR, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Cor Berrevoets
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC-Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christiane Rӧsch
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Henk A Schols
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kees Verhoef
- Department of General Surgery, Erasmus MC-Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Harry J Wichers
- Wageningen Food and Biobased Research, Wageningen UR, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Reno Debets
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC-Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Coen Govers
- Wageningen Food and Biobased Research, Wageningen UR, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Biologically active polysaccharide from edible mushrooms: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 172:408-417. [PMID: 33465360 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.01.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Mushrooms are renewable natural gift for humankind, furnished with unique taste, flavor and medicinal properties. For the last few decades study of mushroom polysaccharides has become a matter of great interest to the researchers for their immunomodulating, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, and antitumor properties. Molecular mass, branching configuration, conformation of polysaccharides and chemical modification are the major factors influencing their biological activities. The mechanism of action of mushroom polysaccharides is to stimulate T-cells, B-cells, natural killer cells, and macrophage dependent immune responses via binding to receptors like the toll-like receptor-2, dectin-1. The present review offers summarized and significant information about the structural and biological properties of mushroom polysaccharides, and their potential for development of therapeutic materials.
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Dong L, Li R, Wang L, Lan X, Sun H, Zhao Y, Wang L. Green synthesis of platinum nanoclusters using lentinan for sensitively colorimetric detection of glucose. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 172:289-298. [PMID: 33450341 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.01.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The sensitive colorimetric detection of glucose using nanomaterials has been attracting considerable attention. To improve the detection sensitivity, highly stable lentinan stabilized platinum nanoclusters (Pt-LNT NCs) were prepared, in which lentinan was employed as a mild reductant and stabilizer. The size of platinum nanoclusters (Pt NCs) was only 1.20 ± 0.29 nm. Pt-LNT NCs catalyzed the oxidation of substrate 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to produce a blue oxidation product with absorption peak at 652 nm, indicating their peroxidase-like properties. Their enzymatic kinetics followed typical Michaelis-Menten theory. In addition, fluorescence experiments confirmed their ability to efficiently catalyze the decomposition of H2O2 to generate •OH, which resulted in the peroxidase-like mechanism of Pt-LNT NCs. Moreover, a colorimetric method for highly selective and sensitive detection of glucose was established by using Pt-LNT NCs and glucose oxidase. The linear range of glucose detection was 5-1000 μM and the detection limit was 1.79 μM. Finally, this method was further used for detection of glucose in human serum and human urine. The established colorimetric method may promote the development of biological detection and environmental chemistry in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Dong
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Hebei Key Laboratory of heavy metal deep-remediation in water and resource reuse, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Ruyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Hebei Key Laboratory of heavy metal deep-remediation in water and resource reuse, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Liqiu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Hebei Key Laboratory of heavy metal deep-remediation in water and resource reuse, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Xifa Lan
- Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066000, China.
| | - Haotian Sun
- Ocean NanoTech, LLC, San Diego, CA 92126, USA
| | - Yu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Hebei Key Laboratory of heavy metal deep-remediation in water and resource reuse, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Longgang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Hebei Key Laboratory of heavy metal deep-remediation in water and resource reuse, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China.
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63
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Huang G, Huang S. The structure–activity relationships of natural glucans. Phytother Res 2020; 35:2890-2901. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gangliang Huang
- Active Carbohydrate Research Institute, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis and Application, College of Chemistry Chongqing Normal University Chongqing China
| | - Shiyu Huang
- Active Carbohydrate Research Institute, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis and Application, College of Chemistry Chongqing Normal University Chongqing China
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64
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Chen X, Han W, Wang G, Zhao X. Application prospect of polysaccharides in the development of anti-novel coronavirus drugs and vaccines. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:331-343. [PMID: 32679328 PMCID: PMC7358770 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Since the outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, it has spread rapidly worldwide and poses a great threat to public health. This is the third serious coronavirus outbreak in <20 years, following SARS in 2002-2003 and MERS in 2012. So far, there are almost no specific clinically effective drugs and vaccines available for COVID-19. Polysaccharides with good safety, immune regulation and antiviral activity have broad application prospects in anti-virus, especially in anti-coronavirus applications. Here, we reviewed the antiviral mechanisms of some polysaccharides, such as glycosaminoglycans, marine polysaccharides, traditional Chinese medicine polysaccharides, and their application progress in anti-coronavirus. In particular, the application prospects of polysaccharide-based vaccine adjuvants, nanomaterials and drug delivery systems in the fight against novel coronavirus were also analyzed and summarized. Additionally, we speculate the possible mechanisms of polysaccharides anti-SARS-CoV-2, and propose the strategy of loading S or N protein from coronavirus onto polysaccharide capped gold nanoparticles vaccine for COVID-19 treatment. This review may provide a new approach for the development of COVID-19 therapeutic agents and vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycoengineering, Qingdao 266003, China,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Wenwei Han
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycoengineering, Qingdao 266003, China,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Guixiang Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycoengineering, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
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65
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Guo S, Wang J, He C, Wei H, Ma Y, Xiong H. Preparation and antioxidant activities of polysaccharides obtained from abalone viscera by combination of enzymolysis and multiple separation methods. J Food Sci 2020; 85:4260-4270. [PMID: 33190283 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Abalone viscera were byproducts of the abalone processing and usually discarded as wastes. In this study, we tried to obtain functional polysaccharides from abalone viscera by a combination of enzymatic hydrolysis, membrane separation, anion exchange chromatography, and gel filtration techniques. Abalone viscera underwent successive hydrolyzation with alcalase and flavourzyme. Each enzymolysis was followed by deproteinization via membrane separation. The final yield of crude abalone viscera polysaccharide (CAVP) was 19.72%; the polysaccharide content of CAVP was 51.75%. Furthermore, three fractions of polysaccharides (AVP1, AVP2, and AVP3) were isolated from the CAVP by anion exchange chromatography and gel filtration. The molecular weights of each AVP were 14.99 kDa, 58.48 kDa, and 39.63 kDa, with a carbohydrate content of 62.75, 23.09, and 44.67%, respectively. These AVPs showed excellent antioxidant activities in vitro. Our results provide a scientific basis for the further utilization of polysaccharides from abalone viscera. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This study demonstrated an eco-friendly approach for industrial production of high purity animal-derived polysaccharides without any environmental pollution caused by the viscera waste of abalone and promoting the comprehensive utilization of abalone resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Guo
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Chuanbo He
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Haocheng Wei
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Ying Ma
- Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Hejian Xiong
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
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66
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Wan X, Jin X, Xie M, Liu J, Gontcharov AA, Wang H, Lv R, Liu D, Wang Q, Li Y. Characterization of a polysaccharide from Sanghuangporus vaninii and its antitumor regulation via activation of the p53 signaling pathway in breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:865-877. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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67
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Shahzad F, Anderson D, Najafzadeh M. The Antiviral, Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Natural Medicinal Herbs and Mushrooms and SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Nutrients 2020; 12:E2573. [PMID: 32854262 PMCID: PMC7551890 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The 2019 novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, producing the disease COVID-19 is a pathogenic virus that targets mostly the human respiratory system and also other organs. SARS-CoV-2 is a new strain that has not been previously identified in humans, however there have been previous outbreaks of different versions of the beta coronavirus including severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV1) from 2002 to 2003 and the most recent Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS-CoV) which was first identified in 2012. All of the above have been recognised as major pathogens that are a great threat to public health and global economies. Currently, no specific treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection has been identified; however, certain drugs have shown apparent efficacy in viral inhibition of the disease. Natural substances such as herbs and mushrooms have previously demonstrated both great antiviral and anti-inflammatory activity. Thus, the possibilities of natural substances as effective treatments against COVID-19 may seem promising. One of the potential candidates against the SARS-CoV-2 virus may be Inonotus obliquus (IO), also known as chaga mushroom. IO commonly grows in Asia, Europe and North America and is widely used as a raw material in various medical conditions. In this review, we have evaluated the most effective herbs and mushrooms, in terms of the antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects which have been assessed in laboratory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mojgan Najafzadeh
- School of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK; (F.S.); (D.A.)
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68
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Zhang Z, Zha Z, Zhao Z, Liu W, Li W. Lentinan Inhibits AGE-Induced Inflammation and the Expression of Matrix-Degrading Enzymes in Human Chondrocytes. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2020; 14:2819-2829. [PMID: 32764881 PMCID: PMC7373527 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s243311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Chondrocyte-mediated inflammation is an important pathological component of osteoarthritis (OA) development. There are currently no therapies that completely reverse the development of OA. Lentinan, a type of polysaccharide derived from Lentinus edodes, has been demonstrated to possess significant anti-viral, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory effects, and has been recently used in the treatment of several inflammatory diseases. However, little research has focused on the pharmacological effect of lentinan in human OA. Materials and Methods We evaluated the anti-inflammatory and anti-ROS effects of lentinan in SW1353 chondrocytes treated with AGEs using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the nitro oxide-specific stain DAF-FM DA. The regulatory effects of lentinan on NF-κB and MAPK p38 signaling were investigated via promoter assay and Western blot analysis. Results We found that lentinan inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-8 and the secretion of PGE2 and NO, by reducing the expression of COX-2 and iNOS in AGE-challenged chondrocytes. Lentinan also reduces AGE-induced increased expression of matrix metalloproteinases-1, −3, and −13 (MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-13). Furthermore, lentinan has a similar effect on a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs-4 and −5 (ADAMTS-4, ADAMTS-5). Mechanistically, lentinan reduces the activation of NF-κB. Conclusion Our findings indicate that lentinan shows a protective effect against AGE-induced inflammatory response in chondrocytes. These findings suggest that lentinan is a promising agent for the treatment of OA that could be used as a dietary supplement for patients with OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaozhen Zhang
- Department of Bone Surgery, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital), Zhengzhou City, Henan Province 450000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuqing Zha
- Department of Bone Surgery, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital), Zhengzhou City, Henan Province 450000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Zhao
- Department of Bone Surgery, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital), Zhengzhou City, Henan Province 450000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- Department of Bone Surgery, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital), Zhengzhou City, Henan Province 450000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wuyin Li
- Department of Bone Surgery, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital), Zhengzhou City, Henan Province 450000, People's Republic of China
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69
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Shen YF, Liu YH, Li BY, Liu TQ, Wang GX. Evaluation on antiviral activity of a novel arctigenin derivative against multiple rhabdoviruses in aquaculture. Virus Res 2020; 285:198019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2020.198019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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70
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Tang W, Liu C, Liu J, Hu L, Huang Y, Yuan L, Liu F, Pan S, Chen S, Bian S, Huang X, Yin J, Nie S. Purification of polysaccharide from Lentinus edodes water extract by membrane separation and its chemical composition and structure characterization. Food Hydrocoll 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.105851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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71
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Liu GL, Liu L, Shan LP. Evaluation on the antiviral effect of a hydroxycoumarin against infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus infection in vitro and in vivo. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 102:389-399. [PMID: 32380168 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Infectious hematopoietic necrosis (IHN) caused by the viral pathogen infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) is a highly contagious disease of salmonid species, resulting in significant economic impact. The previous study showed a hydroxycoumarin derivative 7-[6-(2-methylimidazole) hexyloxy] coumarin (D5) significantly inhibited spring viraemia of carp virus (SVCV) infection, suggesting that D5 may be useful as a potential anti-IHNV agent. In this study, D5 at the concentration of up to 10 mg/L significantly inhibited IHNV replication in epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cells with a maximum inhibitory rate of >90%, maintained mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) levels, and decreased IHNV-induced apoptosis in virus-infected cells. As the consequence of protection on mitochondria, D5 enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities and decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) to maintain the antioxidant-oxidant balance of IHNV-infected EPC cells. For in vivo study, D5 via intraperitoneal injection exhibited an anti-IHNV effect in the virus-infected fish by substantially enhancing the survival rate. Meanwhile, up-regulation of six interferon (IFN) related gene expressions demonstrated that D5 may activate IFN-related expressions for inhibiting IHNV replication during the early stage of viral infection, which is beneficial for the continuous antiviral action on controlling low viral loads in rainbow trout juvenile. Thus, D5 effective regulated IHNV-induced undesirable conditions to be an excellent potential therapeutic agent against IHNV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Lu Liu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, 466001, Henan, China.
| | - Lei Liu
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Meishan Campus, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315832, China; Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Meishan Campus, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315832, China.
| | - Li-Peng Shan
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Meishan Campus, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315832, China; Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Meishan Campus, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315832, China
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Efficacy of Pleuran ( β-Glucan from Pleurotus ostreatus) in the Management of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Infection. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:8562309. [PMID: 32419831 PMCID: PMC7201855 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8562309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
One of the highly prevalent viral pathogens among children and adults causing infection, clinically presenting as herpes labialis, is herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). The long-term administration of acyclovir, a standard regimen for therapy against HSV-1 infections, can cause viral resistance against this drug. Therefore, the development of natural drugs with low toxicity that are able to enhance host antiviral defense against HSV infection is needed. β-Glucans represent a type of biologically active molecules possessing antiviral properties. The goal of this study was to investigate the clinical and immunomodulatory effect of β-glucan pleuran (insoluble β-1,3/1,6-D-glucan isolated from Pleurotus ostreatus) based supplements on the duration and intensity of herpes symptoms and on the incidence rate and duration of acute respiratory symptoms and intercurrent diseases in HSV-1 positive patients. Ninety patients were randomised into active and placebo groups. Active treatment with pleuran in systemic application caused a significantly shorter duration of herpes simplex symptoms compared to the placebo group. During the preventive phase (120 days), the duration and severity of respiratory symptoms were lower in the active group compared to the placebo group; however, a significant difference was found only in the case of cough. No significant side effects were observed during both phases of the clinical trial (acute and preventive). Obtained results suggest that the use of pleuran seems to be a promising approach in the treatment of acute HSV-1 with beneficial effect on the respiratory tract symptoms and infections.
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73
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He X, Fang J, Guo Q, Wang M, Li Y, Meng Y, Huang L. Advances in antiviral polysaccharides derived from edible and medicinal plants and mushrooms. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 229:115548. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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74
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Purification and structural characterization of polysaccharides isolated from Auricularia cornea var. Li. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 230:115680. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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75
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Parametric characterization of the initial pH effect on the polysaccharides production by Lentinula edodes in submerged culture. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2019.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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76
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Xue Z, Ma Q, Guo Q, Santhanam RK, Gao X, Chen Z, Wang C, Chen H. Physicochemical and functional properties of extruded dietary fiber from mushroom Lentinula edodes residues. FOOD BIOSCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2019.100452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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77
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Li BY, Hu Y, Li J, Shi K, Shen YF, Zhu B, Wang GX. Ursolic acid from Prunella vulgaris L. efficiently inhibits IHNV infection in vitro and in vivo. Virus Res 2019; 273:197741. [PMID: 31494148 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2019.197741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) is a fish viral pathogen that causes severe disease and huge economic losses in the salmonid aquaculture industry. However, anti-IHNV drugs currently are scarce. For the purpose of seeking out anti-IHNV drugs, the anti-IHNV activities of 32 medicinal plants were investigated by using epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cells. Among these plants, Prunella vulgaris L. (PVL) showed the strongest inhibition on IHNV replication with an inhibitory percentage of 99.3% at the concentration 100 mg/L. Further studies demonstrated that ursolic acid (UA), a major constituent of PVL, also showed a highly effective anti-IHNV activity. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) at 72 h of UA on IHNV was 8.0 μM. Besides, UA could significantly decrease cytopathic effect (CPE) and the viral titer induced by IHNV in EPC cells. More importantly, UA also showed a strong anti-IHNV activity in vivo, as indicated by increasing the survival rate of rainbow trout and inhibiting viral gene expression. Intraperitoneal injection of UA increased the relative percentage of survival of rainbow trout by 18.9% and inhibited IHNV glycoprotein mRNA expression by > 90.0% in the spleen at the 1st-day post-infection. Altogether, UA was expected to be a therapeutic agent against IHNV infection in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Yang Li
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yang Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Jian Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Kai Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yu-Feng Shen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Gao-Xue Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
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78
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Jiang Y, Li X, Wu Y, Zhou L, Wang Z, Xiao W. Effect of Lentinan on Peyer's patch structure and function in an immunosuppressed mouse model. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 137:169-176. [PMID: 31255627 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.06.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Lentinan (LNT), a polysaccharide isolated from Lentinus edodes, has been shown to stimulate immune response. Despite its widespread use owing to its health benefits, epidemiologic and experimental studies that address the biological activities of LNT after oral administration to animals or humans are rare. In this study, the effects of LNT on the intestinal mucosal immune system of immunosuppressed mice were investigated. The number and size of the Peyer's patches (PPs), proliferation ability of PP lymphocytes, T and B lymphocyte percentage, and T-cell activation proportion, as well as the number of M-like cells in PPs, were determined. The antigen transfer ability of M-like cells and intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA) levels were also detected. After oral administration of LNT for 7 days, the number of PPs, lymphocytes in PPs, and the level of intestinal soluble IgA in immunosuppressed mice were increased. LNT maintained the percentage of T and B lymphocytes and upregulated the proportion of activated T cells in PPs. Furthermore, the number of M-like cells, which were differentiated from intestinal epithelial cells, and their antigen transfer ability were enhanced. These results indicate that orally administered LNT can improve the immune status of the intestinal mucosa in immunosuppressed mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Jiang
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Jiangning Industrial City, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222001, China
| | - Xiangling Li
- R & D Department, Guangdong Hybribio Technology Co. Ltd, No. 71, Fengsan Road, Huangpu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510520, China
| | - Yun Wu
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Jiangning Industrial City, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222001, China
| | - Lian Zhou
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232 Waihuan Dong Rd., Guangzhou University Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Zhenzhong Wang
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Jiangning Industrial City, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222001, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Jiangning Industrial City, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222001, China.
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Wang Q, Li S, Han X, Ni Y, Zhao D, Hao J. Quality evaluation and drying kinetics of shitake mushrooms dried by hot air, infrared and intermittent microwave–assisted drying methods. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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80
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Hu Y, Shen Y, Li B, Wang GX, Zhu B. Evaluation on the antiviral activity of ribavirin against infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus in epithelioma papulosum cyprini cells. Virus Res 2019; 263:73-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2019.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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81
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Si J, Meng G, Wu Y, Ma HF, Cui BK, Dai YC. Medium composition optimization, structural characterization, and antioxidant activity of exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 124:1186-1196. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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82
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Functional characterization of a potent anti-tumor polysaccharide in a mouse model of gastric cancer. Life Sci 2019; 219:11-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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