51
|
Pio R, Ajona D, Ortiz-Espinosa S, Mantovani A, Lambris JD. Complementing the Cancer-Immunity Cycle. Front Immunol 2019; 10:774. [PMID: 31031765 PMCID: PMC6473060 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactivation of cytotoxic CD8+ T-cell responses has set a new direction for cancer immunotherapy. Neutralizing antibodies targeting immune checkpoint programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) or its ligand (PD-L1) have been particularly successful for tumor types with limited therapeutic options such as melanoma and lung cancer. However, reactivation of T cells is only one step toward tumor elimination, and a substantial fraction of patients fails to respond to these therapies. In this context, combination therapies targeting more than one of the steps of the cancer-immune cycle may provide significant benefits. To find the best combinations, it is of upmost importance to understand the interplay between cancer cells and all the components of the immune response. This review focuses on the elements of the complement system that come into play in the cancer-immunity cycle. The complement system, an essential part of innate immunity, has emerged as a major regulator of cancer immunity. Complement effectors such as C1q, anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a, and their receptors C3aR and C5aR1, have been associated with tolerogenic cell death and inhibition of antitumor T-cell responses through the recruitment and/or activation of immunosuppressive cell subpopulations such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), regulatory T cells (Tregs), or M2 tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Evidence is provided to support the idea that complement blocks many of the effector routes associated with the cancer-immunity cycle, providing the rationale for new therapeutic combinations aimed to enhance the antitumor efficacy of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruben Pio
- Program in Solid Tumors (CIMA) and Department of Biochemistry and Genetics (School of Medicine), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Ajona
- Program in Solid Tumors (CIMA) and Department of Biochemistry and Genetics (School of Medicine), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Ortiz-Espinosa
- Program in Solid Tumors (CIMA) and Department of Biochemistry and Genetics (School of Medicine), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - John D. Lambris
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Fishelson Z, Kirschfink M. Complement C5b-9 and Cancer: Mechanisms of Cell Damage, Cancer Counteractions, and Approaches for Intervention. Front Immunol 2019; 10:752. [PMID: 31024572 PMCID: PMC6467965 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The interactions of cancer cells with components of the complement system are highly complex, leading to an outcome that is either favorable or detrimental to cancer cells. Currently, we perceive only the "tip of the iceberg" of these interactions. In this review, we focus on the complement terminal C5b-9 complex, known also as the complement membrane attack complex (MAC) and discuss the complexity of its interaction with cancer cells, starting with a discussion of its proposed mode of action in mediating cell death, and continuing with a portrayal of the strategies of evasion exhibited by cancer cells, and closing with a proposal of treatment approaches targeted at evasion strategies. Upon intense complement activation and membrane insertion of sufficient C5b-9 complexes, the afflicted cells undergo regulated necrotic cell death with characteristic damage to intracellular organelles, including mitochondria, and perforation of the plasma membrane. Several pro-lytic factors have been proposed, including elevated intracellular calcium ion concentrations and activated JNK, Bid, RIPK1, RIPK3, and MLKL; however, further research is required to fully characterize the effective cell death signals activated by the C5b-9 complexes. Cancer cells over-express a multitude of protective measures which either block complement activation, thus reducing the number of membrane-inserted C5b-9 complexes, or facilitate the elimination of C5b-9 from the cell surface. Concomitantly, cancer cells activate several protective pathways that counteract the death signals. Blockage of complement activation is mediated by the complement membrane regulatory proteins CD46, CD55, and CD59 and by soluble complement regulators, by proteases that cleave complement proteins and by protein kinases, like CK2, which phosphorylate complement proteins. C5b-9 elimination and inhibition of cell death signals are mediated by caveolin and dynamin, by Hsp70 and Hsp90, by the mitochondrial stress protein mortalin, and by the protein kinases PKC and ERK. It is conceivable that various cancers and cancers at different stages of development will utilize distinct patterns of these and other MAC resistance strategies. In order to enhance the impact of antibody-based therapy on cancer, novel precise reagents that block the most effective protective strategies will have to be designed and applied as adjuvants to the therapeutic antibodies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zvi Fishelson
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | |
Collapse
|
53
|
Liao Z, Wan Q, Yuan G, Su J. The systematic identification and mRNA expression profiles post viral or bacterial challenge of complement system in grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 86:107-115. [PMID: 30447430 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Complement system is an immemorial and pivotal element in innate immunity, protecting individuals from invading pathogens. Due to the emergence of whole genomes and functional researches, systematic identifications of complement system are feasible in many non-model species. In the present study, BLAST analysis was employed to systematically identify and characterize complement system in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). The results showed that C. idella complement system consists of 64 members, including the complement system pattern recognition, proteases, complement components, receptors and regulators. In which, most genes were well conserved with those in higher vertebrates over the course of evolution. Phylogenetic and syntenic analyses revealed their homologous relationships with other species. mRNA expression analyses of complement system related genes indicated that many members are sustainably expressed in multiple tissues before and after grass carp reovirus (GCRV) or Aeromonas hydrophila infection, which provide in vivo evidence for the response patterns of complement system after viral or bacterial infection. Meanwhile, this study also explored the evolution of complement system from ancestral protists to mammals and then investigated the changes in gene diversification during the evolution. These results will serve the comparative studies on the complement system in evolution and further functional investigations in C. idella.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Liao
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266237, China; Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Quanyuan Wan
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Gailing Yuan
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jianguo Su
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266237, China; Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Fernández-Bello I, Rode F, Álvarez-Román MT, Butta NV, Rivas-Muñoz S, Hernández-Moreno AL, de la Corte-Rodríguez H, Martín-Salces M, Larsen LF, Jiménez-Yuste V. Evaluation of EC50 of factor VIII as predictor of prophylaxis efficacy in patients with severe haemophilia A. Eur J Pharm Sci 2019; 128:215-221. [PMID: 30529268 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Trough factor (F) VIII level is a not reliable bleeding risk indicator to predict prophylaxis efficacy in severe haemophilia A (SHA), therefore, accurate biomarkers are much needed. Thrombelastography (TEG) monitors both thrombin and clot formation addressing the global haemostatic status but its usefulness to tailor prophylaxis in haemophilia has been poorly evaluated. In this study, correspondence between individual pharmacodynamic/pharmacokinetic profile of FVIII and joint condition, physical activity and bleeding phenotype of SHA patients under prophylactic treatment was assessed. Nineteen SHA patients < 18 years old on long-term prophylaxis treatment with FVIII were studied in an observational cross-sectional study. Whole blood was withdrawn before FVIII administration and at five time-points after infusion for a TEG-based pharmacodynamic- and pharmacokinetic-study. Type of prophylaxis and joint condition at inclusion and physical activity as well as onset of treated spontaneous bleeding events in the previous two years were retrospectively assessed. Six patients had suffered at least one treated spontaneous bleeding event and were named as "bleeders". The rest were named as "non-bleeders". Only the half maximal effective concentration of FVIII (FVIII-EC50) for TEG parameters R-time, K-time and α-angle correlated with the bleeding phenotype being significantly higher in bleeders suggestive of a poorer response to FVIII. Poorer joint condition, trough FVIII levels or type of prophylaxis were not definitive predicting variables of bleeding phenotype. In conclusion, this study reveals FVIII-EC50 for the first time as a valuable biomarker to anticipate individual efficacy of prophylaxis in SHA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Fernández-Bello
- La Paz University Hospital, Haematology and Haemotherapy Department, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Rode
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Global Research, Måløv, Denmark
| | - M T Álvarez-Román
- La Paz University Hospital, Haematology and Haemotherapy Department, Madrid, Spain
| | - N V Butta
- La Paz University Hospital, Haematology and Haemotherapy Department, Madrid, Spain
| | - S Rivas-Muñoz
- La Paz University Hospital, Haematology and Haemotherapy Department, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - H de la Corte-Rodríguez
- La Paz University Hospital, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Martín-Salces
- La Paz University Hospital, Haematology and Haemotherapy Department, Madrid, Spain
| | - L F Larsen
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Global Research, Måløv, Denmark
| | - V Jiménez-Yuste
- La Paz University Hospital, Haematology and Haemotherapy Department, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Structure characterization and anti-leukemia activity of a novel polysaccharide from Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 121:161-172. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.09.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
56
|
Umaña-Pérez YA, Calderón Rodriguez SI. Estudio proteómico 2DE-DIGE en plasma sanguíneo de pacientes en etapa infantil con leucemia linfoblástica aguda. REVISTA COLOMBIANA DE QUÍMICA 2019. [DOI: 10.15446/rev.colomb.quim.v48n1.75170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
En Colombia, durante la última década la leucemia linfoblástica aguda (LLA) ha sido el cáncer con mayor incidencia, siendo más del 40% de las muertes por cáncer en menores de edad atribuidas a esta enfermedad. Entre los factores que influyen en estas cifras, el diagnóstico tardío es tal vez el factor más sensible que afecta de manera negativa el éxito del tratamiento. Esta investigación se centró en el estudio del proteoma plasmático de niños colombianos diagnosticados con LLA tipo B, dada su alta incidencia, en comparación con controles en la búsqueda de proteínas que podrían tener potencialidad a ser clasificadas como biomarcadores de diagnóstico. Ahora bien, en vista de los avances en las herramientas proteómicas y de espectrometría de masas y sabiendo que son una alternativa para abordar la complejidad molecular de enfermedades como el cáncer, utilizamos una aproximación proteómica basada en una separación por electroforesis bidimensional diferencial (2DE-DIGE) con posterior separación por cromatografía líquida acoplada a espectrometría de masas en tándem. Se encontraron 8 proteínas con expresión diferencial en plasma de pacientes con LLA-B, entre las cuales resaltan la serotransferrina, la Alfa-1-antitripsina, la haptoglobina, la α2-glicoproteína de zinc y la complemento C3.
Collapse
|
57
|
Sauer E, Gauer B, Nascimento S, Nardi J, Göethel G, Costa B, Correia D, Matte U, Charão M, Arbo M, Duschl A, Moro A, Garcia SC. The role of B7 costimulation in benzene immunotoxicity and its potential association with cancer risk. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 166:91-99. [PMID: 29883905 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Benzene is a recognized human carcinogen; however, there are still some gaps in the knowledge regarding the mechanism of toxicity of this organic solvent and potential early biomarkers for the damage caused by it. In a previous study, our research group demonstrated that the adhesion molecules of the immune system (B7.1 and B7.2) could be potential biomarkers in the early detection of immunotoxicity caused by benzene exposure. Therefore, this study was developed to deepen the understanding regarding this important topic, aiming to contribute to the comprehension of the benzene toxicity mechanism mediated by B7.1 and B7.2 and its potential association with the risk of carcinogenicity. B7.1 and B7.2 protein expression in blood monocytes and B7.1 and B7.2 gene expression in PBMCs were evaluated. Additionally, complement C3 and C4 levels in serum were measured, as well as p53 gene expression in PBMCs. Seventy-four gas station workers (GSW group) and 71 non-occupationally exposed subjects (NEG) were evaluated. Our results demonstrated decreased levels of B7.1 and B7.2 protein and gene expression in the GSW group compared to the NEG (n = 71) (p < 0.01). Along the same lines, decreased levels of the complement system were observed in the GSW group (p < 0.01), demonstrating the impairment of this immune system pathway as well. Additionally, a reduction was observed in p53 gene expression in the GSA group (p < 0.01). These alterations were associated with both the benzene exposure biomarker evaluated, urinary trans, trans-muconic acid, and with exposure time (p < 0.05). Moreover, strong correlations were observed between the gene expression of p53 vs. B7.1 (r = 0.830; p < 0.001), p53 vs. B7.2 (r = 0.685; p < 0.001), and B7.1 vs. B7.2 (r = 0.702; p < 0.001). Taken together, these results demonstrate that the immune system co-stimulatory molecule pathway is affected by benzene exposure. Also, the decrease in p53 gene expression, even at low exposure levels, reinforces the carcinogenicity effect of benzene in this pathway. Therefore, our results suggest that the promotion of immune evasion together with a decrease in p53 gene expression may play an important role in the benzene toxicity mechanism. However, further and targeted studies are needed to confirm this proposition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Sauer
- Laboratório de Toxicologia (LATOX), Departamento de Análises, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruna Gauer
- Laboratório de Toxicologia (LATOX), Departamento de Análises, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Nascimento
- Laboratório de Toxicologia (LATOX), Departamento de Análises, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Jessica Nardi
- Laboratório de Toxicologia (LATOX), Departamento de Análises, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Göethel
- Laboratório de Toxicologia (LATOX), Departamento de Análises, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Costa
- Laboratório de Toxicologia (LATOX), Departamento de Análises, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Douglas Correia
- Laboratório de Toxicologia (LATOX), Departamento de Análises, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ursula Matte
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Mariele Charão
- Instituto de Ciências das Saúde, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Arbo
- Laboratório de Toxicologia (LATOX), Departamento de Análises, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Albert Duschl
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Angela Moro
- Faculdade Especializada na Área de Saúde do Rio Grande do Sul, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Solange Cristina Garcia
- Laboratório de Toxicologia (LATOX), Departamento de Análises, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Macor P, Capolla S, Tedesco F. Complement as a Biological Tool to Control Tumor Growth. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2203. [PMID: 30319647 PMCID: PMC6167450 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Deposits of complement components have been documented in several human tumors suggesting a potential involvement of the complement system in tumor immune surveillance. In vitro and in vivo studies have revealed a double role played by this system in tumor progression. Complement activation in the cancer microenvironment has been shown to promote cancer growth through the release of the chemotactic peptide C5a recruiting myeloid suppressor cells. There is also evidence that tumor progression can be controlled by complement activated on the surface of cancer cells through one of the three pathways of complement activation. The aim of this review is to discuss the protective role of complement in cancer with special focus on the beneficial effect of complement-fixing antibodies that are efficient activators of the classical pathway and contribute to inhibit tumor expansion as a result of MAC-mediated cancer cell killing and complement-mediated inflammatory process. Cancer cells are heterogeneous in their susceptibility to complement-induced killing that generally depends on stable and relatively high expression of the antigen and the ability of therapeutic antibodies to activate complement. A new generation of monoclonal antibodies are being developed with structural modification leading to hexamer formation and enhanced complement activation. An important progress in cancer immunotherapy has been made with the generation of bispecific antibodies targeting tumor antigens and able to neutralize complement regulators overexpressed on cancer cells. A great effort is being devoted to implementing combined therapy of traditional approaches based on surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy and complement-fixing therapeutic antibodies. An effective control of tumor growth by complement is likely to be obtained on residual cancer cells following conventional therapy to reduce the tumor mass, prevent recurrences and avoid disabilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Macor
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Sara Capolla
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Francesco Tedesco
- Immunorheumatology Research Laboratory, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Bouwens van der Vlis TAM, Kros JM, Mustafa DAM, van Wijck RTA, Ackermans L, van Hagen PM, van der Spek PJ. The complement system in glioblastoma multiforme. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2018; 6:91. [PMID: 30208949 PMCID: PMC6134703 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-018-0591-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The human complement system is represents the main effector arm of innate immunity and its ambivalent function in cancer has been subject of ongoing dispute. Glioma stem-like cells (GSC) residing in specific niches within glioblastomas (GBM) are capable of self-renewal and tumor proliferation. Recent data are indicative of the influence of the complement system on the maintenance of these cells. It appears that the role of the complement system in glial tumorigenesis, particularly its influence on GSC niches and GSC maintenance, is significant and warrants further exploration for therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
|
60
|
Mellby LD, Nyberg AP, Johansen JS, Wingren C, Nordestgaard BG, Bojesen SE, Mitchell BL, Sheppard BC, Sears RC, Borrebaeck CAK. Serum Biomarker Signature-Based Liquid Biopsy for Diagnosis of Early-Stage Pancreatic Cancer. J Clin Oncol 2018; 36:2887-2894. [PMID: 30106639 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2017.77.6658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a poor prognosis, with a 5-year survival of < 10% because of diffuse symptoms leading to late-stage diagnosis. That survival could increase significantly if localized tumors could be detected early. Therefore, we used multiparametric analysis of blood samples to obtain a novel biomarker signature of early-stage PDAC. The signature was derived from a large patient cohort, including patients with well-defined early-stage (I and II) PDAC. This biomarker signature was validated subsequently in an independent patient cohort. PATIENTS AND METHODS The biomarker signature was derived from a case-control study, using a Scandinavian cohort, consisting of 16 patients with stage I, 132 patients with stage II, 65 patients with stage III, and 230 patients with stage IV PDAC, and 888 controls. This signature was validated subsequently in an independent case-control cohort in the United States with 15 patients with stage I, 75 patients with stage II, 15 patients with stage III, and 38 patients with stage IV PDAC, and 219 controls. An antibody microarray platform was used to identify the serum biomarker signature associated with early-stage PDAC. RESULTS Using the Scandinavian case-control study, a biomarker signature was created, discriminating samples derived from patients with stage I and II from those from controls with a receiver operating characteristic area under the curve value of 0.96. This signature, consisting of 29 biomarkers, was then validated in an independent case-control study in the United States. The biomarker signature could discriminate patients with stage I and II PDAC from controls in this independent patient cohort with a receiver operating characteristic area under the curve value of 0.96. CONCLUSION This serum biomarker signature might represent a tenable approach to detecting early-stage, localized PDAC if these findings are supported by a prospective validation study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linda D Mellby
- Linda D. Mellby and Andreas P. Nyberg, Immunovia AB; Christer Wingren and Carl A.K. Borrebaeck, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Julia S. Johansen, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen; Børge G. Nordestgaard and Stig E. Bojesen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark; and Breeana L. Mitchell, Brett C. Sheppard, and Rosalie C. Sears, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Andreas P Nyberg
- Linda D. Mellby and Andreas P. Nyberg, Immunovia AB; Christer Wingren and Carl A.K. Borrebaeck, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Julia S. Johansen, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen; Børge G. Nordestgaard and Stig E. Bojesen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark; and Breeana L. Mitchell, Brett C. Sheppard, and Rosalie C. Sears, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Julia S Johansen
- Linda D. Mellby and Andreas P. Nyberg, Immunovia AB; Christer Wingren and Carl A.K. Borrebaeck, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Julia S. Johansen, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen; Børge G. Nordestgaard and Stig E. Bojesen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark; and Breeana L. Mitchell, Brett C. Sheppard, and Rosalie C. Sears, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Christer Wingren
- Linda D. Mellby and Andreas P. Nyberg, Immunovia AB; Christer Wingren and Carl A.K. Borrebaeck, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Julia S. Johansen, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen; Børge G. Nordestgaard and Stig E. Bojesen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark; and Breeana L. Mitchell, Brett C. Sheppard, and Rosalie C. Sears, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Børge G Nordestgaard
- Linda D. Mellby and Andreas P. Nyberg, Immunovia AB; Christer Wingren and Carl A.K. Borrebaeck, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Julia S. Johansen, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen; Børge G. Nordestgaard and Stig E. Bojesen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark; and Breeana L. Mitchell, Brett C. Sheppard, and Rosalie C. Sears, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Stig E Bojesen
- Linda D. Mellby and Andreas P. Nyberg, Immunovia AB; Christer Wingren and Carl A.K. Borrebaeck, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Julia S. Johansen, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen; Børge G. Nordestgaard and Stig E. Bojesen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark; and Breeana L. Mitchell, Brett C. Sheppard, and Rosalie C. Sears, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Breeana L Mitchell
- Linda D. Mellby and Andreas P. Nyberg, Immunovia AB; Christer Wingren and Carl A.K. Borrebaeck, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Julia S. Johansen, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen; Børge G. Nordestgaard and Stig E. Bojesen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark; and Breeana L. Mitchell, Brett C. Sheppard, and Rosalie C. Sears, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Brett C Sheppard
- Linda D. Mellby and Andreas P. Nyberg, Immunovia AB; Christer Wingren and Carl A.K. Borrebaeck, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Julia S. Johansen, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen; Børge G. Nordestgaard and Stig E. Bojesen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark; and Breeana L. Mitchell, Brett C. Sheppard, and Rosalie C. Sears, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Rosalie C Sears
- Linda D. Mellby and Andreas P. Nyberg, Immunovia AB; Christer Wingren and Carl A.K. Borrebaeck, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Julia S. Johansen, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen; Børge G. Nordestgaard and Stig E. Bojesen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark; and Breeana L. Mitchell, Brett C. Sheppard, and Rosalie C. Sears, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Carl A K Borrebaeck
- Linda D. Mellby and Andreas P. Nyberg, Immunovia AB; Christer Wingren and Carl A.K. Borrebaeck, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Julia S. Johansen, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen; Børge G. Nordestgaard and Stig E. Bojesen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark; and Breeana L. Mitchell, Brett C. Sheppard, and Rosalie C. Sears, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Peng S, Du T, Wu W, Chen X, Lai Y, Zhu D, Wang Q, Ma X, Lin C, Li Z, Guo Z, Huang H. Decreased expression of serine protease inhibitor family G1 (SERPING1) in prostate cancer can help distinguish high-risk prostate cancer and predicts malignant progression. Urol Oncol 2018; 36:366.e1-366.e9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2018.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
62
|
de Lima RE, de Holanda Martins CM, do Carmo RF, Aroucha DCBL, Pereira LMMB, Vasconcelos LRS, Moura P. Two sides of a coin: GG genotype of C7 provides protection against fibrosis severity while showing a higher risk for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with hepatitis C. Hum Immunol 2018; 79:702-707. [PMID: 29966690 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The complement system (CS) is a key element of immunity against pathogens but also seems to influence other events, such as tumorigenesis and tissue repair. Complement component 7 (C7) is a key component of the lytic pathway of CS, leading to the formation of the membrane attack complex (MAC). This study aimed to investigate the existence of the association of a polymorphism in the C7 gene, rs1063499, with hepatic fibrosis and the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with hepatitis C. We analyzed 456 samples from patients with chronic hepatitis C. Real-time PCR was used for allelic discrimination. Patients were classified by their METAVIR score as F1 (n = 100), F2 (n = 83), F3 (n = 101) or F4 (n = 66); 106 patients were diagnosed with HCC. Patients carrying the G/G genotype of C7 had a lower chance of developing severe fibrosis in the recessive model (p = 0.042; OR: 0.65 95% CI 0.41-1.02). However, the G/G genotype frequency was higher in patients with HCC (P = 0.01; OR: 2.07 95% CI 1.20-3.53) and in those with larger tumors (p = 0.04). The G/G C7 genotype seems to be a protective factor against advanced fibrosis; however, it was associated with a higher risk of HCC and the occurrence of larger hepatic nodules, suggesting the involvement of C7 in the physiopathogenesis of HCC and fibrosis in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raul Emídio de Lima
- Institute of Biological Sciences/ICB-UPE, University of Pernambuco, Brazil; Institute Aggeu Magalhães/IAM-FIOCRUZ-PE, Brazil
| | | | | | - Dayse Celia Barbosa Lins Aroucha
- Institute of Liver and Transplantation of Pernambuco/IFP, Brazil; Faculty of Medical Sciences/FCM-UPE, University of Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | | | - Patrícia Moura
- Institute of Biological Sciences/ICB-UPE, University of Pernambuco, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
C5a induces A549 cell proliferation of non-small cell lung cancer via GDF15 gene activation mediated by GCN5-dependent KLF5 acetylation. Oncogene 2018; 37:4821-4837. [PMID: 29773900 PMCID: PMC6117268 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0298-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer, and multiple evidence has confirmed that C5a production is elevated in NSCLC microenvironment. Although NSCLC cell proliferation induced by C5a has been reported, the involved mechanism has not been elucidated. In this study, we examined the proliferation-related genes (i.e., KLF5, GCN5, and GDF15) and C5a receptor (C5aR) expression in tumor tissues as well as C5a concentration in plasma of NSCLC patients, and then determined the roles of KLF5, GCN5, and GDF15 in C5a-triggered NSCLC cell proliferation and the related mechanism both in vitro and in vivo. Our results found that the expression of KLF5, GCN5, GDF15, C5aR, and C5a was significantly upregulated in NSCLC patients. Mechanistic exploration in vitro revealed that C5a could facilitate A549 cell proliferation through increasing KLF5, GCN5, and GDF15 expression. Besides, KLF5 and GCN5 could form a complex, binding to GDF15 promoter in a KLF5-dependent manner and leading to GDF15 gene transcription. More importantly, GCN5-mediated KLF5 acetylation contributing to GDF15 gene transcription and cell proliferation upon C5a stimulation, the region (−103 to +58 nt) of GDF15 promoter which KLF5 could bind to, and two new KLF5 lysine sites (K335 and K391) acetylated by GCN5 were identified for the first time. Furthermore, our experiment in vivo demonstrated that the growth of xenograft tumors in BALB/c nude mice was greatly suppressed by the silence of KLF5, GCN5, or GDF15. Collectively, these findings disclose that C5a-driven KLF5–GCN5–GDF15 axis had a critical role in NSCLC proliferation and might serve as targets for NSCLC therapy.
Collapse
|
64
|
Pleiotropic Effects of Risk Factors in Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Seemingly Unrelated Complex Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1074:247-255. [PMID: 29721950 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-75402-4_30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a complex disease with both environmental and genetic factors influencing disease risk. Genome-wide case-control association studies, candidate gene analyses, and epidemiological studies reinforced the notion that AMD is predominantly a disease of an impaired complement system and an altered high-density lipoprotein (HDL) metabolism. Recent reports demonstrated the pleiotropic role of the complement system and HDL in complex diseases such as cardiovascular disease, autoimmune disorders, cancer, and Alzheimer's disease. In light of these findings, we explore current evidence for a shared genetic and environmental risk of AMD and unrelated complex diseases based on epidemiological studies. Shared risk factors may indicate common pathways in disease pathology and thus may have implications for novel treatment options of AMD pathology.
Collapse
|
65
|
Ying L, Zhang F, Pan X, Chen K, Zhang N, Jin J, Wu J, Feng J, Yu H, Jin H, Su D. Complement component 7 (C7), a potential tumor suppressor, is correlated with tumor progression and prognosis. Oncotarget 2018; 7:86536-86546. [PMID: 27852032 PMCID: PMC5349933 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous study found copy number variation of chromosome fragment 5p13.1-13.3 might involve in the progression of ovarian cancer. In the current study, the alteration was validated and complement component 7 (C7), located on 5p13.1, was identified. To further explore the clinical value of C7 in tumors, 156 malignant, 22 borderline, 33 benign and 24 normal ovarian tissues, as well as 173 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues along with corresponding adjacent and normal tissues from the tissue bank of Zhejiang Cancer Hospital were collected. The expression of C7 was analyzed using reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction. As a result, the C7 expression displayed a gradual downward trend in normal, benign, borderline and malignant ovarian tissues, and the decreased expression of C7 was correlative to poor differentiation in patients with ovarian cancer. Interestingly, a similar change of expression of C7 was found in normal, adjacent and malignant tissues in patients with NSCLC, and low expression of C7 was associated with worse grade and advanced clinical stage. Both results from this cohort and the public database indicated that NSCLC patients with low expression of C7 had a worse outcome. Furthermore, multivariate cox regression analysis showed NSCLC patients with low C7 had a 3.09 or 5.65-fold higher risk for relapse or death than those with high C7 respectively, suggesting C7 was an independent prognostic predictor for prognoses of patients with NSCLC. Additionally, overexpression of C7 inhibited colony formation of NSCLC cells, which hints C7 might be a potential tumor suppressor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisha Ying
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Provincial Key Lab of Biotherapy in Zhejiang, Sir Runrun Shaw Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital & Key Laboratory Diagnosis and Treatment Technology on Thoracic Oncology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fanrong Zhang
- Cancer Research Institute, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital & Key Laboratory Diagnosis and Treatment Technology on Thoracic Oncology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodan Pan
- Tissue Bank of Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kaiyan Chen
- Cancer Research Institute, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital & Key Laboratory Diagnosis and Treatment Technology on Thoracic Oncology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Cancer Research Institute, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital & Key Laboratory Diagnosis and Treatment Technology on Thoracic Oncology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaoyue Jin
- Cancer Research Institute, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital & Key Laboratory Diagnosis and Treatment Technology on Thoracic Oncology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junzhou Wu
- Cancer Research Institute, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital & Key Laboratory Diagnosis and Treatment Technology on Thoracic Oncology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianguo Feng
- Cancer Research Institute, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital & Key Laboratory Diagnosis and Treatment Technology on Thoracic Oncology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Herbert Yu
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Hawaii, USA
| | - Hongchuan Jin
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Provincial Key Lab of Biotherapy in Zhejiang, Sir Runrun Shaw Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dan Su
- Cancer Research Institute, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital & Key Laboratory Diagnosis and Treatment Technology on Thoracic Oncology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Reis ES, Mastellos DC, Ricklin D, Mantovani A, Lambris JD. Complement in cancer: untangling an intricate relationship. Nat Rev Immunol 2018; 18:5-18. [PMID: 28920587 PMCID: PMC5816344 DOI: 10.1038/nri.2017.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In tumour immunology, complement has traditionally been considered as an adjunctive component that enhances the cytolytic effects of antibody-based immunotherapies, such as rituximab. Remarkably, research in the past decade has uncovered novel molecular mechanisms linking imbalanced complement activation in the tumour microenvironment with inflammation and suppression of antitumour immune responses. These findings have prompted new interest in manipulating the complement system for cancer therapy. This Review summarizes our current understanding of complement-mediated effector functions in the tumour microenvironment, focusing on how complement activation can act as a negative or positive regulator of tumorigenesis. It also offers insight into clinical aspects, including the feasibility of using complement biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and the use of complement inhibitors during cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edimara S Reis
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania 19104, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Daniel Ricklin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel 4056, Switzerland
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center and Humanitas University, Rozzano-Milan 20089, Italy
| | - John D Lambris
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania 19104, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Ghafourian M, Esmaeili M, Dashti-Gerdabi N, Sadeghi A, Malekei Naseri A, Kazemi A. Evaluation of serum levels of C3 and C4 complement factors in patients with beta thalassemia major in Khuzestan Province, Southwest Iran. J Immunoassay Immunochem 2017; 38:629-638. [PMID: 29035157 DOI: 10.1080/15321819.2017.1384388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Thalassemia syndrome is the most common genetic disorder in the world and infection is the second cause of death in these patients. Measurement of serum C3 and C4 complement factors in serum was done in 60 patients with beta thalassemia major in comparison with 30 healthy subjects as control group. MATERIALS AND METHODS The serum level of C3 and C4 complement factors in 60 patients with beta thalassemia major who were randomly selected from among the patients referred to Shafa Hospital of Ahvaz was evaluated and compared with 30 samples from healthy individuals with no history of recent infectious or autoimmune diseases. It should be noted that single-radial-immunodiffusion assay was used in this study. RESULTS This study has shown a significant reduction in serum levels of C3 and C4 in patients compared to controls (P value < 0.05). DISCUSSION Decreased synthesis or increased consumption of complement factors in patients receiving multiple blood transfusions might lead to continuous contact between the immune system and various antigens, causing nonstop use of complement factors, recurrent infections, changes in parameters of the immune system due to iron overload as well as exposure to infectious factors such as HBV, HCV, HIV, and HTLV through blood transfusion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehri Ghafourian
- a Health Research Institute, Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences , Ahvaz , Iran.,b Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences , Ahvaz , Iran
| | - Mehrnosh Esmaeili
- c School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences , Ahvaz , Iran
| | - Nader Dashti-Gerdabi
- a Health Research Institute, Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences , Ahvaz , Iran.,b Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences , Ahvaz , Iran
| | - Alireza Sadeghi
- c School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences , Ahvaz , Iran
| | - Ali Malekei Naseri
- c School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences , Ahvaz , Iran
| | - Akhtar Kazemi
- d Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Ajona D, Ortiz-Espinosa S, Pio R. Complement anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a: Emerging roles in cancer progression and treatment. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2017; 85:153-163. [PMID: 29155219 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent insights into the role of complement anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a in cancer provide new opportunities for the development of innovative biomarkers and therapeutic strategies. These two complement activation products can maintain chronic inflammation, promote an immunosuppressive microenvironment, induce angiogenesis, and increase the motility and metastatic potential of cancer cells. Still, the diverse heterogeneity of responses mediated by these peptides poses a challenge both to our understanding of the role played by these molecules in cancer progression and to the development of effective treatments. This review attempts to summarize the evidence surrounding the involvement of anaphylatoxins in the biological contexts associated with tumor progression. We also describe the recent developments that support the inhibition of anaphylatoxins, or their cognate receptors C3aR and C5aR1, as a treatment option for maximizing the clinical efficacy of current immunotherapies that target the PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ajona
- University of Navarra, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Program in Solid Tumors and Biomarkers, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra's Health Research Institute (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Spain; University of Navarra, School of Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sergio Ortiz-Espinosa
- University of Navarra, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Program in Solid Tumors and Biomarkers, Pamplona, Spain; University of Navarra, School of Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ruben Pio
- University of Navarra, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Program in Solid Tumors and Biomarkers, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra's Health Research Institute (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Spain; University of Navarra, School of Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Pamplona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Osipov AV, Terpinskaya TI, Kuznetsova TE, Ryzhkovskaya EL, Lukashevich VS, Rudnichenko JA, Ulashchyk VS, Starkov VG, Utkin YN. Cobra Venom Factor and Ketoprofen Abolish the Antitumor Effect of Nerve Growth Factor from Cobra Venom. Toxins (Basel) 2017; 9:toxins9090274. [PMID: 28878143 PMCID: PMC5618207 DOI: 10.3390/toxins9090274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We showed recently that nerve growth factor (NGF) from cobra venom inhibited the growth of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) inoculated subcutaneously in mice. Here, we studied the influence of anti-complementary cobra venom factor (CVF) and the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug ketoprofen on the antitumor NGF effect, as well as on NGF-induced changes in EAC histological patterns, the activity of lactate and succinate dehydrogenases in tumor cells and the serum level of some cytokines. NGF, CVF and ketoprofen reduced the tumor volume by approximately 72%, 68% and 30%, respectively. The antitumor effect of NGF was accompanied by an increase in the lymphocytic infiltration of the tumor tissue, the level of interleukin 1β and tumor necrosis factor α in the serum, as well as the activity of lactate and succinate dehydrogenases in tumor cells. Simultaneous administration of NGF with either CVF or ketoprofen abolished the antitumor effect and reduced all other effects of NGF, whereas NGF itself significantly decreased the antitumor action of both CVF and ketoprofen. Thus, the antitumor effect of NGF critically depended on the status of the immune system and was abolished by the disturbance of the complement system; the disturbance of the inflammatory response canceled the antitumor effect as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexey V Osipov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russia.
| | - Tatiana I Terpinskaya
- Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, ul. Akademicheskaya, 28, Minsk 220072, Belarus.
| | - Tatiana E Kuznetsova
- Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, ul. Akademicheskaya, 28, Minsk 220072, Belarus.
| | - Elena L Ryzhkovskaya
- Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, ul. Akademicheskaya, 28, Minsk 220072, Belarus.
| | - Vladimir S Lukashevich
- Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, ul. Akademicheskaya, 28, Minsk 220072, Belarus.
| | - Julia A Rudnichenko
- Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, ul. Akademicheskaya, 28, Minsk 220072, Belarus.
| | - Vladimir S Ulashchyk
- Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, ul. Akademicheskaya, 28, Minsk 220072, Belarus.
| | - Vladislav G Starkov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russia.
| | - Yuri N Utkin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Wang H, Luo C, Zhu S, Fang H, Gao Q, Ge S, Qu H, Ma Q, Ren H, Wang Y, Wang W. Serum peptidome profiling for the diagnosis of colorectal cancer: discovery and validation in two independent cohorts. Oncotarget 2017; 8:59376-59386. [PMID: 28938643 PMCID: PMC5601739 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant neoplasms worldwide. Except for the existing fecal occult blood test, colonoscopy and sigmoidoscopy, no widely accepted in vitro diagnostic methods have been available. To identify potential peptide biomarkers for CRC, serum samples from a discovery cohort (100 CRC patients and 100 healthy controls) and an independent validation cohort (91 CRC patients and 91 healthy controls) were collected. Peptides were fractionated by weak cation exchange magnetic beads (MB-WCX) and analysed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Five peptides (peaks at m/z 1895.3, 2020.9, 2080.7, 2656.8 and 3238.5) were identified as candidate biomarkers for CRC. A diagnostic panel based on the five peptides can discriminate CRC patients from healthy controls, with an accuracy of 91.8%, sensitivity of 95.6%, and specificity of 87.9% in the validation cohort. Peptide peaks at m/z 1895.3, 2020.9 and 3238.5 were identified as the partial sequences of complement component 4 (C4), complement component 3 (C3) and fibrinogen α chain (FGA), respectively. This study potentiated peptidomic analysis as a promising in vitro diagnostic tool for diagnosis of CRC. The identified peptides suggest the involvement of the C3, C4 and FGA in CRC pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Chenghua Luo
- Department of Retroperitoneal Tumors Surgery, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Shengtao Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.,National Center for Clinical Medical Research of Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Honghong Fang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Qing Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Siqi Ge
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth 6027, Australia
| | - Haixia Qu
- Bioyong (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100085, China
| | - Qingwei Ma
- Bioyong (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100085, China
| | - Hongwei Ren
- School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Youxin Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth 6027, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Recent progress in the understanding of complement activation and its role in tumor growth and anti-tumor therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 91:446-456. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.04.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
|
72
|
Tian L, Yu Q, Gao XH, Wu J, Ma XL, Dai Q, Zhang CY, Zhou Y, Zhang YC, Pan BS, Zhou J, Fan J, Yang XR, Guo W. A new use for an old index: preoperative high-density lipoprotein predicts recurrence in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after curative resections. Lipids Health Dis 2017; 16:123. [PMID: 28651644 PMCID: PMC5485717 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-017-0509-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma has high incidence and mortality worldwide. Liver is the site of most metabolic biotransformation, which could reflect the status of cells. Most plasma apolipoproteins, endogenous lipids and lipoproteins are synthesized in the liver. Therefore, the effects of lipid metabolites on prognosis of HCC deserved to be explored. Methods We prospectively included 58 healthy donors (HD), 50 chronic hepatitis (CH) patients and a training cohort of 189 patients with HCC who underwent curative resections at Zhongshan Hospital from January 2012 to August 2012. We identified the optimal HDLPO cutoff value at 0.98 mmol/L and used it to stratify patients into low- or high-HDLPO groups for the entire cohort and four low-recurrent-risk subgroups. We also included an independent validation group of 182 HCC patients to validate this cutoff value. Prognostic values of HDLPO and other factors were determined by Kaplan–Meier curves and the Cox proportional hazards model. Results The low-HDLPO group had a higher median tumor grade (P = 0.020) and a higher recurrence rate (P = 0.032). Results of multivariate analysis showed that preoperative γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and HDLPO were independent predictors of recurrence. Moreover, the predictive value of HDLPO was retained in four low-recurrent-risk subgroups. As expected, clinicopathologic characteristics and predictive values were similar in the validation and training cohorts. Conclusions HDLPO is an accessible predictor of HCC recurrence after liver resections that can help identify patients who need more careful monitoring and follow-up care. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12944-017-0509-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Tian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 136 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 136 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing-Hui Gao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 136 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiong Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 136 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Lu Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 136 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Dai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 136 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Yan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 136 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 136 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Chi Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 136 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Bai-Shen Pan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 136 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, 136 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Fan
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, 136 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Rong Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, 136 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 136 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, 136 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Lian H, Meng Z. Melt electrospinning of daunorubicin hydrochloride-loaded poly (ε-caprolactone) fibrous membrane for tumor therapy. Bioact Mater 2017; 2:96-100. [PMID: 29744416 PMCID: PMC5935042 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Daunorubicin hydrochloride is a cell-cycle non-specific antitumor drug with a high therapeutic effect. The present study outlines the fabrication of daunorubicin hydrochloride-loaded poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL) fibrous membranes by melt electrospinning for potential application in localized tumor therapy. The diameters of the drug-loaded fibers prepared with varying concentrations of daunorubicin hydrochloride (1, 5, and 10 wt%) were 2.48 ± 1.25, 2.51 ± 0.78, and 2.49 ± 1.58 μm, respectively. Fluorescence images indicated that the hydrophobic drug was dispersed in the hydrophilic PCL fibers in their aggregated state. The drug release profiles of the drug-loaded PCL melt electrospun fibrous membranes were approximately linear, with slow release rates and long-term release periods, and no observed burst release. The MTT assay was used to examine the cytotoxic effect of the released daunorubicin hydrochloride on HeLa and glioma cells (U87) in vitro. The inhibition ratios of HeLa and glioma cells following treatment with membranes prepared with 1, 5, and 10 wt% daunorubicin hydrochloride were 62.69%, 76.12%, and 85.07% and 62.50%, 77.27%, and 84.66%, respectively. Therefore, PCL melt electrospun fibrous membranes loaded with daunorubicin hydrochloride may be used in the local administration of oncotherapy. Daunorubicin hydrochloride-loaded PCL fibrous membranes were prepared by melt electrospinning. Hydrophilic drug was dispersed in the PCL melt electrospun fiber in the form of aggregation. Daunorubicin hydrochloride-loaded PCL fibrous membranes showed low drug release rate and long-term release periods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- He Lian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medical Devices, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Zhaoxu Meng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medical Devices, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Domingues PH, Nanduri LSY, Seget K, Venkateswaran SV, Agorku D, Viganó C, von Schubert C, Nigg EA, Swanton C, Sotillo R, Bosio A, Storchová Z, Hardt O. Cellular Prion Protein PrP C and Ecto-5'-Nucleotidase Are Markers of the Cellular Stress Response to Aneuploidy. Cancer Res 2017; 77:2914-2926. [PMID: 28377454 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-3052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aneuploidy is a hallmark of most human tumors, but the molecular physiology of aneuploid cells is not well characterized. In this study, we screened cell surface biomarkers of approximately 300 proteins by multiparameter flow cytometry using multiple aneuploid model systems such as cell lines, patient samples, and mouse models. Several new biomarkers were identified with altered expression in aneuploid cells, including overexpression of the cellular prion protein CD230/PrPC and the immunosuppressive cell surface enzyme ecto-5'-nucleotidase CD73. Functional analyses associated these alterations with increased cellular stress. An increased number of CD73+ cells was observed in confluent cultures in aneuploid cells relative to their diploid counterparts. An elevated expression in CD230/PrPC was observed in serum-deprived cells in association with increased generation of reactive oxygen species. Overall, our work identified biomarkers of aneuploid karyotypes, which suggest insights into the underlying molecular physiology of aneuploid cells. Cancer Res; 77(11); 2914-26. ©2017 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lalitha S Y Nanduri
- Miltenyi Biotec GmbH, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany.,Amrita Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Katarzyna Seget
- Group Maintenance of Genome Stability, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Sharavan V Venkateswaran
- Division of Molecular Thoracic Oncology, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David Agorku
- Miltenyi Biotec GmbH, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
| | | | | | - Erich A Nigg
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Charles Swanton
- Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rocío Sotillo
- Division of Molecular Thoracic Oncology, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Zuzana Storchová
- Group Maintenance of Genome Stability, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Olaf Hardt
- Miltenyi Biotec GmbH, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Abstract
In addition to being a component of innate immunity and an ancient defense mechanism against invading pathogens, complement activation also participates in the adaptive immune response, inflammation, hemostasis, embryogenesis, and organ repair and development. Activation of the complement system via classical, lectin, or alternative pathways generates anaphylatoxins (C3a and C5a) and membrane attack complex (C5b-9) and opsonizes targeted cells. Complement activation end products and their receptors mediate cell-cell interactions that regulate several biological functions in the extravascular tissue. Signaling of anaphylatoxin receptors or assembly of membrane attack complex promotes cell dedifferentiation, proliferation, and migration in addition to reducing apoptosis. As a result, complement activation in the tumor microenvironment enhances tumor growth and increases metastasis. In this Review, I discuss immune and nonimmune functions of complement proteins and the tumor-promoting effect of complement activation.
Collapse
|
76
|
Parente R, Clark SJ, Inforzato A, Day AJ. Complement factor H in host defense and immune evasion. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 74:1605-1624. [PMID: 27942748 PMCID: PMC5378756 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2418-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Complement is the major humoral component of the innate immune system. It recognizes pathogen- and damage-associated molecular patterns, and initiates the immune response in coordination with innate and adaptive immunity. When activated, the complement system unleashes powerful cytotoxic and inflammatory mechanisms, and thus its tight control is crucial to prevent damage to host tissues and allow restoration of immune homeostasis. Factor H is the major soluble inhibitor of complement, where its binding to self markers (i.e., particular glycan structures) prevents complement activation and amplification on host surfaces. Not surprisingly, mutations and polymorphisms that affect recognition of self by factor H are associated with diseases of complement dysregulation, such as age-related macular degeneration and atypical haemolytic uremic syndrome. In addition, pathogens (i.e., non-self) and cancer cells (i.e., altered-self) can hijack factor H to evade the immune response. Here we review recent (and not so recent) literature on the structure and function of factor H, including the emerging roles of this protein in the pathophysiology of infectious diseases and cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Parente
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089, Milan, Italy
| | - Simon J Clark
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Antonio Inforzato
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089, Milan, Italy. .,Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Via Vanvitelli 32, 20129, Milan, Italy.
| | - Anthony J Day
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Division of Cell-Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Xi W, Liu L, Wang J, Xia Y, Bai Q, Xiong Y, Qu Y, Long Q, Xu J, Guo J. Enrichment of C5a-C5aR axis predicts poor postoperative prognosis of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2016; 7:80925-80934. [PMID: 27821813 PMCID: PMC5348365 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaphylatoxin C5a and its receptor C5aR on cancer cells constitute a vital axis to cancer progression. In this study, we measured C5aR level by immunohistochemistry in the same cohort of our previous C5a research, and C5a-C5aR axis status was determined by synthesizing C5a and C5aR data. C5aR was an adverse independent prognostic factor for ccRCC patients. Kaplan-Meier analyses revealed the unique position of both C5a and C5aR high population in postoperative survival, based on which patients were then shunted into C5a-C5aR enriched and non-enriched groups. Obviously, C5a-C5aR enriched patients significantly had a poorer overall survival (OS) and recurrence free survival (RFS) compared with non-enriched ones, and the independence of C5a-C5aR axis was verified by multivariable analyses (HR 2.118, P = 0.001 for OS, HR 1.715, P = 0.035 for RFS). Established nomograms based on our findings reflected much better predicting accuracy in contrast with most common used TNM and Fuhrman systems. Meanwhile, consistent with HR, C5a-C5aR axis in this study held its advantages over C5a and C5aR for OS prediction by c-index analyses, rather than RFS prediction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xi
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiajun Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yu Xia
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qi Bai
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ying Xiong
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yang Qu
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qilai Long
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiejie Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jianming Guo
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Bandini S, Macagno M, Hysi A, Lanzardo S, Conti L, Bello A, Riccardo F, Ruiu R, Merighi IF, Forni G, Iezzi M, Quaglino E, Cavallo F. The non-inflammatory role of C1q during Her2/neu-driven mammary carcinogenesis. Oncoimmunology 2016; 5:e1253653. [PMID: 28123895 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2016.1253653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an ever increasing amount of evidence to support the hypothesis that complement C1q, the first component of the classical complement pathway, is involved in the regulation of cancer growth, in addition to its role in fighting infections. It has been demonstrated that C1q is expressed in the microenvironment of various types of human tumors, including breast adenocarcinomas. This study compares carcinogenesis progression in C1q deficient (neuT-C1KO) and C1q competent neuT mice in order to investigate the role of C1q in mammary carcinogenesis. Significantly accelerated autochthonous neu+ carcinoma progression was paralleled by accelerated spontaneous lung metastases occurrence in C1q deficient mice. Surprisingly, this effect was not caused by differences in the tumor-infiltrating cells or in the activation of the complement classical pathway, since neuT-C1KO mice did not display a reduction in C3 fragment deposition at the tumor site. By contrast, a significant higher number of intratumor blood vessels and a decrease in the activation of the tumor suppressor WW domain containing oxidoreductase (WWOX) were observed in tumors from neuT-C1KO as compare with neuT mice. In parallel, an increase in Her2/neu expression was observed on the membrane of tumor cells. Taken together, our findings suggest that C1q plays a direct role both on halting tumor angiogenesis and on inducing apoptosis in mammary cancer cells by coordinating the signal transduction pathways linked to WWOX and, furthermore, highlight the role of C1q in mammary tumor immune surveillance regardless of complement system activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Bandini
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino , Torino, Italy
| | - Marco Macagno
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino , Torino, Italy
| | - Albana Hysi
- Department of Medicine Science, Center of Excellence on Aging and Translational Medicine (CeSI-Met), G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti Pescara , Italy
| | - Stefania Lanzardo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino , Torino, Italy
| | - Laura Conti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino , Torino, Italy
| | - Amanda Bello
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino , Torino, Italy
| | - Federica Riccardo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino , Torino, Italy
| | - Roberto Ruiu
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino , Torino, Italy
| | - Irene Fiore Merighi
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino , Torino, Italy
| | - Guido Forni
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino , Torino, Italy
| | - Manuela Iezzi
- Department of Medicine Science, Center of Excellence on Aging and Translational Medicine (CeSI-Met), G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti Pescara , Italy
| | - Elena Quaglino
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino , Torino, Italy
| | - Federica Cavallo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino , Torino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
Schoenfeld AK, Lahrsen E, Alban S. Regulation of Complement and Contact System Activation via C1 Inhibitor Potentiation and Factor XIIa Activity Modulation by Sulfated Glycans - Structure-Activity Relationships. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165493. [PMID: 27783665 PMCID: PMC5082678 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The serpin C1 inhibitor (C1-INH) is the only regulator of classical complement activation as well as the major regulator of the contact system. Its importance is demonstrated by hereditary angioedema (HAE), a severe disease with potentially life-threatening attacks due to deficiency or dysfunction of C1-INH. C1-INH replacement is the therapy of choice in HAE. In addition, C1-INH showed to have beneficial effects in other diseases characterized by inappropriate complement and contact system activation. Due to some limitations of its clinical application, there is a need for improving the efficacy of therapeutically applied C1-INH or to enhance the activity of endogenous C1-INH. Given the known potentiating effect of heparin on C1-INH, sulfated glycans (SG) may be such candidates. The aim of this study was to characterize suitable SG by evaluating structure-activity relationships. For this, more than 40 structurally distinct SG were examined for their effects on C1-INH, C1s and FXIIa. The SG turned out to potentiate the C1s inhibition by C1-INH without any direct influence on C1s. Their potentiating activity proved to depend on their degree of sulfation, molecular mass as well as glycan structure. In contrast, the SG had no effect on the FXIIa inhibition by C1-INH, but structure-dependently modulated the activity of FXIIa. Among the tested SG, β-1,3-glucan sulfates with a Mr ≤ 10 000 were identified as most promising lead candidates for the development of a glycan-based C1-INH amplifier. In conclusion, the obtained information on structural characteristics of SG favoring C1-INH potentiation represent an useful elementary basis for the development of compounds improving the potency of C1-INH in diseases and clinical situations characterized by inappropriate activation of complement and contact system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Kathrin Schoenfeld
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Pharmaceutical Institute, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
| | - Eric Lahrsen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Pharmaceutical Institute, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
| | - Susanne Alban
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Pharmaceutical Institute, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
80
|
Ricklin D, Lambris JD. New milestones ahead in complement-targeted therapy. Semin Immunol 2016; 28:208-22. [PMID: 27321574 PMCID: PMC5404743 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The complement system is a powerful effector arm of innate immunity that typically confers protection from microbial intruders and accumulating debris. In many clinical situations, however, the defensive functions of complement can turn against host cells and induce or exacerbate immune, inflammatory, and degenerative conditions. Although the value of inhibiting complement in a therapeutic context has long been recognized, bringing complement-targeted drugs into clinical use has proved challenging. This important milestone was finally reached a decade ago, yet the clinical availability of complement inhibitors has remained limited. Still, the positive long-term experience with complement drugs and their proven effectiveness in various diseases has reinvigorated interest and confidence in this approach. Indeed, a broad variety of clinical candidates that act at almost any level of the complement activation cascade are currently in clinical development, with several of them being evaluated in phase 2 and phase 3 trials. With antibody-related drugs dominating the panel of clinical candidates, the emergence of novel small-molecule, peptide, protein, and oligonucleotide-based inhibitors offers new options for drug targeting and administration. Whereas all the currently approved and many of the proposed indications for complement-targeted inhibitors belong to the rare disease spectrum, these drugs are increasingly being evaluated for more prevalent conditions. Fortunately, the growing experience from preclinical and clinical use of therapeutic complement inhibitors has enabled a more evidence-based assessment of suitable targets and rewarding indications as well as related technical and safety considerations. This review highlights recent concepts and developments in complement-targeted drug discovery, provides an overview of current and emerging treatment options, and discusses the new milestones ahead on the way to the next generation of clinically available complement therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ricklin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.
| | - John D Lambris
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
Peng F, Huang Y, Li MY, Li GQ, Huang HC, Guan R, Chen ZC, Liang SP, Chen YH. Dissecting characteristics and dynamics of differentially expressed proteins during multistage carcinogenesis of human colorectal cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:4515-4528. [PMID: 27182161 PMCID: PMC4858633 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i18.4515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Revised: 02/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To discover novel biomarkers for early diagnosis, prognosis or treatment of human colorectal cancer.
METHODS: iTRAQ 2D LC-MS/MS analysis was used to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the human colonic epithelial carcinogenic process using laser capture microdissection-purified colonic epithelial cells from normal colon, adenoma, carcinoma in situ and invasive carcinoma tissues.
RESULTS: A total of 326 DEPs were identified, and four DEPs (DMBT1, S100A9, Galectin-10, and S100A8) with progressive alteration in the carcinogenic process were further validated by immunohistochemistry. The DEPs were involved in multiple biological processes including cell cycle, cell adhesion, translation, mRNA processing, and protein synthesis. Some of the DEPs involved in cellular process such as “translation” and “mRNA splicing” were progressively up-regulated, while some DEPs involved in other processes such as “metabolism” and “cell response to stress” was progressively down-regulated. Other proteins with up- or down-regulation at certain stages of carcinogenesis may play various roles at different stages of the colorectal carcinogenic process.
CONCLUSION: These findings give insights into our understanding of the mechanisms of colorectal carcinogenesis and provide clues for further investigation of carcinogenesis and identification of biomarkers.
Collapse
|