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Prospective Pharmacological Potential of Resveratrol in Delaying Kidney Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158258. [PMID: 34361023 PMCID: PMC8348580 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is an unavoidable part of life. The more aged we become, the more susceptible we become to various complications and damages to the vital organs, including the kidneys. The existing drugs for kidney diseases are mostly of synthetic origins; thus, natural compounds with minimal side-effects have attracted growing interest from the scientific community and pharmaceutical companies. A literature search was carried out to collect published research information on the effects of resveratrol on kidney aging. Recently, resveratrol has emerged as a potential anti-aging agent. This versatile polyphenol exerts its anti-aging effects by intervening in various pathologies and multi-signaling systems, including sirtuin type 1, AMP-activated protein kinase, and nuclear factor-κB. Researchers are trying to figure out the detailed mechanisms and possible resveratrol-mediated interventions in divergent pathways at the molecular level. This review highlights (i) the causative factors implicated in kidney aging and the therapeutic aspects of resveratrol, and (ii) the effectiveness of resveratrol in delaying the aging process of the kidney while minimizing all possible side effects.
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Lewgood J, Oliveira B, Korzepa M, Forbes SC, Little JP, Breen L, Bailie R, Candow DG. Efficacy of Dietary and Supplementation Interventions for Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes. Nutrients 2021; 13:2378. [PMID: 34371888 PMCID: PMC8308746 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing, which creates a large economic burden. Diet is a critical factor in the treatment and management of T2D; however, there are a large number of dietary approaches and a general lack of consensus regarding the efficacy of each. Therefore, the purpose of this narrative review is twofold: (1) to critically evaluate the effects of various dietary strategies on diabetes management and treatment, such as Mediterranean diet, plant-based diet, low-calorie and very low-calorie diets, intermittent fasting, low-carbohydrate and very low-carbohydrate diets, and low glycemic diets and (2) to examine several purported supplements, such as protein, branched-chain amino acids, creatine, and vitamin D to improve glucose control and body composition. This review can serve as a resource for those wanting to evaluate the evidence supporting the various dietary strategies and supplements that may help manage T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Lewgood
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Health Studies, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S0A2, Canada; (J.L.); (R.B.)
| | - Barbara Oliveira
- Okanagan Campus, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC V1V1V7, Canada; (B.O.); (J.P.L.)
| | - Marie Korzepa
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (M.K.); (L.B.)
| | - Scott C. Forbes
- Department of Physical Education Studies, Faculty of Education, Brandon University, Brandon, MB R7A6A9, Canada;
| | - Jonathan P. Little
- Okanagan Campus, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC V1V1V7, Canada; (B.O.); (J.P.L.)
| | - Leigh Breen
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (M.K.); (L.B.)
| | - Robert Bailie
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Health Studies, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S0A2, Canada; (J.L.); (R.B.)
| | - Darren G. Candow
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Health Studies, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S0A2, Canada; (J.L.); (R.B.)
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Smith K, Hewlings S. Correlation between vitamin D levels and hard-to-heal wounds: a systematic review. J Wound Care 2021; 30:S4-S10. [PMID: 34120468 DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2021.30.sup6.s4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hard-to-heal wounds are a major biological, psychological, social and financial burden on both individual patients and the broader health system. They are associated with a variety of comorbidities and have a complex aetiology, but are typically associated with nutritional deficiencies, such as low vitamin D levels. This systematic literature review evaluates the current research regarding the connection between inadequate vitamin D status and wound healing. METHOD PubMed and EBSCO databases were searched following PRISMA guidelines for primary research studies relating to pressure ulcers, diabetic ulcers or venous ulcers and vitamin D status. RESULTS A total of 10 studies, involving 2359 participants, met the inclusion criteria. There was a strong correlation between low levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and the presence of all three types of hard-to-heal wounds. CONCLUSION Research suggests a correlation between low vitamin D levels and hard-to-heal wounds. However, it is not clear if the relationship is causal or only correlational. There is also emerging evidence on the use of vitamin D supplementation for the treatment of hard-to-heal wounds. More research is needed to understand the correlation between vitamin D and hard-to-heal wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Smith
- Central Michigan University, Mt Pleasant, MI, US
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Jabbehdari S, Yazdanpanah G, Chen E, Afsharkhamseh N, Ghassemi M, Anwar KN, Fonteh C, Djalilian AR, Kang KB. Dose-dependent therapeutic effects of topical 1,25 OH-vitamin D3 on corneal wound healing. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:4083-4091. [PMID: 34028652 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06418-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Conflicting results have been reported regarding the effects of 1,25 OH-vitamin D3 on corneal wound healing. Therefore, we undertook this study to determine whether the observed differences are dose related. The dose-dependent effects of 1,25 OH-vitamin D3 on corneal wound healing were evaluated using scratch assays on human corneal limbal-epithelial cells (HCLEs) and in vivo mouse corneal epithelial debridement. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of 1,25 OH-vitamin D3, macrophages were stimulated by a Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) ligand followed by treatment with the 10-6 M, 10-7 M and 10-8 M 1,25 OH-vitamin D3. 10-7 M 1,25 OH-vitamin D3 induced faster scratch wound closure compared with the other concentrations of 1,25 OH-vitamin D3 tested (10-6 M and 10-8 M), and 0.02% ethanol as a control (85.8 ± 2.6%, 33.9 ± 6.74%, 32.6 ± 3.35%, and 31.6 ± 3.99%, respectively, P < 0.0001). Single-time treatment with 10-7 M 1,25 OH-vitamin D3 also significantly improved the healing of mouse corneal epithelial wound compared to multiple treatments and control (74.1 ± 17.3% vs. 52.4 ± 11.6% and 45.8 ± 13.4%, respectively). Polyinosinic: polycytidylic acid (poly [I:C])-stimulated macrophage cells and 10-7 M 1,25 OH-vitamin D3 significantly decreased gene expression of ICAM1, TLR3, IL6, IL8, and TNFα (P < 0.0001). Our results suggest the dose-dependent therapeutic effect of 1,25 OH-vitamin D3 in corneal wound healing which can be potentially used as a non-invasive option in the treatment of corneal wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayena Jabbehdari
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois At Chicago, 1905 W. Taylor St. L-213, Chicago, 60612, USA
| | - Ghasem Yazdanpanah
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois At Chicago, 1905 W. Taylor St. L-213, Chicago, 60612, USA
| | - Eric Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois At Chicago, 1905 W. Taylor St. L-213, Chicago, 60612, USA
| | - Neda Afsharkhamseh
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois At Chicago, 1905 W. Taylor St. L-213, Chicago, 60612, USA
| | - Mahmood Ghassemi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois At Chicago, 1905 W. Taylor St. L-213, Chicago, 60612, USA
| | - Khandaker N Anwar
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois At Chicago, 1905 W. Taylor St. L-213, Chicago, 60612, USA
| | - Cheryl Fonteh
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois At Chicago, 1905 W. Taylor St. L-213, Chicago, 60612, USA
| | - Ali R Djalilian
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois At Chicago, 1905 W. Taylor St. L-213, Chicago, 60612, USA
| | - Kai B Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois At Chicago, 1905 W. Taylor St. L-213, Chicago, 60612, USA.
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Smith K, Hewlings S. Correlation between vitamin D levels and hard-to-heal wounds: a systematic review. J Wound Care 2021; 29:S24-S30. [PMID: 32654618 DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2020.29.sup7.s24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hard-to-heal wounds are a major biological, psychological, social and financial burden on both individual patients and the broader health system. They are associated with a variety of comorbidities and have a complex aetiology, but are typically associated with nutritional deficiencies, such as low vitamin D levels. This systematic literature review evaluates the current research regarding the connection between inadequate vitamin D status and wound healing. METHOD PubMed and EBSCO databases were searched following PRISMA guidelines for primary research studies relating to pressure ulcers, diabetic ulcers or venous ulcers and vitamin D status. RESULTS A total of 10 studies, involving 2359 participants, met the inclusion criteria. There was a strong correlation between low levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and the presence of all three types of hard-to-heal wounds. CONCLUSION Research suggests a correlation between low vitamin D levels and hard-to-heal wounds. However, it is not clear if the relationship is causal or only correlational. There is also emerging evidence on the use of vitamin D supplementation for the treatment of hard-to-heal wounds. More research is needed to understand the correlation between vitamin D and hard-to-heal wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Smith
- Central Michigan University, Mt Pleasant, MI, US
| | - Susan Hewlings
- Nutrition and Dietetics Faculty, Central Michigan University, Mt Pleasant, MI, US
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Diana A, Carlino F, Giunta EF, Franzese E, Guerrera LP, Di Lauro V, Ciardiello F, Daniele B, Orditura M. Cancer Treatment-Induced Bone Loss (CTIBL): State of the Art and Proper Management in Breast Cancer Patients on Endocrine Therapy. Curr Treat Options Oncol 2021; 22:45. [PMID: 33864145 PMCID: PMC8052225 DOI: 10.1007/s11864-021-00835-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT About 70-80% of early breast cancer (BC) patients receive adjuvant endocrine therapy (ET) for at least 5 years. ET includes in the majority of cases the use of aromatase inhibitors, as upfront or switch strategy, that lead to impaired bone health. Given the high incidence and also the high prevalence of BC, cancer treatment-induced bone loss (CTIBL) represents the most common long-term adverse event experimented by patients with hormone receptor positive tumours. CTIBL is responsible for osteoporosis occurrence and, as a consequence, fragility fractures that may negatively affect quality of life and survival expectancy. As recommended by main international guidelines, BC women on aromatase inhibitors should be carefully assessed for their fracture risk at baseline and periodically reassessed during adjuvant ET in order to early detect significant worsening in terms of bone health. Antiresorptive agents, together with adequate intake of calcium and vitamin D, should be administered in BC patients during all course of ET, especially in those at high risk of osteoporotic fractures, as calculated by tools available for clinicians. Bisphosphonates, such as zoledronate or pamidronate, and anti-RANKL antibody, denosumab, are the two classes of antiresorptive drugs used in clinical practice with similar efficacy in preventing bone loss induced by aromatase inhibitor therapy. The choice between them, in the absence of direct comparison, should be based on patients' preference and compliance; the different safety profile is mainly related to the route of administration, although both types of drugs are manageable with due care, since most of the adverse events are predictable and preventable. Despite advances in management of CTIBL, several issues such as the optimal time of starting antiresorptive agents and the duration of treatment remain unanswered. Future clinical trials as well as increased awareness of bone health are needed to improve prevention, assessment and treatment of CTIBL in these long-term survivor patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Diana
- Medical Oncology, Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, "Luigi Vanvitelli" University of Campania, 80131, Naples, Italy.
- Medical Oncology Unit, Ospedale del Mare, 80147, Naples, Italy.
| | - Francesca Carlino
- Medical Oncology, Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, "Luigi Vanvitelli" University of Campania, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Emilio Francesco Giunta
- Medical Oncology, Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, "Luigi Vanvitelli" University of Campania, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Elisena Franzese
- Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Fondazione Pascale, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Pio Guerrera
- Medical Oncology, Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, "Luigi Vanvitelli" University of Campania, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Di Lauro
- Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Fondazione Pascale, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Naples, Italy
| | - Fortunato Ciardiello
- Medical Oncology, Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, "Luigi Vanvitelli" University of Campania, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Bruno Daniele
- Medical Oncology Unit, Ospedale del Mare, 80147, Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Orditura
- Medical Oncology, Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, "Luigi Vanvitelli" University of Campania, 80131, Naples, Italy
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Lehner A, Johnson M, Zimmerman A, Zyskowski J, Buchweitz J. Vitamin D analyses in veterinary feeds by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2021; 27:48-62. [PMID: 33722092 DOI: 10.1177/14690667211000244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This report examines the feasibility of determination of Vitamin D3, D2 and their 25-hydroxy metabolites utilizing Gas Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS/MS) as a potential alternative to popular Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometric (LC/MS/MS) methodologies. The GC/MS/MS approach was found to operate reasonably well despite long-standing concerns that gas-liquid chromatography of vitamin D compounds invoke thermal rearrangements owing to the relatively high inlet and capillary column temperatures used. The workup procedure involved incubation of feed samples with concentrated potassium hydroxide for overnight fat saponification, extraction of D Vitamins in n-hexane and reaction with N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide at 70 °C for 30 mins. In addition to parent compounds, small amounts of pyro-, isopyro-, and iso-vitamin D and isotachysterol3 variants were obtained from each Vitamin D-related compound upon extraction and GC/MS/MS analysis. Mass spectral and chromatographic behavior of these compounds are herein described and interpreted. Multiple Reaction Monitoring settings on GC/MS/MS included m/z 456→351 for Vitamin D3 and m/z 486→363 for Vitamin D2. Trimethylsilylation enabled single predominant peaks for Vitamins D3 and D2, and sample workup in the presence of deuterated Vitamin D analogs enabled accurate and precise sensitivity to 1 ppb (ng/g) in feeds. The method could be extended with reasonable accuracy to 25-hydroxy (25OH) compounds, but accuracies would be significantly improved by inclusion of respective 25OH-specific deuterated internal standards. The method was applied to 27 submissions of suspect dog foods of which 22% were discovered elevated and 44% were discovered to contain toxic levels of Vitamin D3. The described method was thus discovered to provide a suitable mass spectrometric approach for Vitamin D, proving itself here specifically of value in detection of ergocalciferol and cholecalciferol in animal feeds. The specificity and sensitivity of the tandem quadrupole approach can enable suitable applicability to serum determination if desired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Lehner
- Michigan State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Toxicology Section, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Margaret Johnson
- Michigan State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Toxicology Section, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Alan Zimmerman
- Michigan State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Toxicology Section, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Justin Zyskowski
- Michigan State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Toxicology Section, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - John Buchweitz
- Michigan State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Toxicology Section, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Pathobiology & Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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El Hadidi HH, Sobhi RM, Nada AM, AbdelGhaffar MMM, Shaker OG, El-Kalioby M. Does vitamin D deficiency predispose to keloids via dysregulation of koebnerisin (S100A15)? A case-control study. Wound Repair Regen 2021; 29:425-431. [PMID: 33476473 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Keloids result from uncontrolled inflammation and fibrosis during wound healing. Vitamin D can regulate skin proliferation and inflammation. Fibroblasts are vitamin D-responsive target cells and are source of koebnerisin (an antimicrobial peptide released during inflammation and wound healing). This study aimed to assess the levels and correlations between the serum and tissue 25-Hydroxyvitamin D, tissue vitamin D receptors, and serum and tissue koebnerisin (S100A15) in patients with keloids. Nineteen patients with keloids and 20 matched controls were recruited. From each keloid patient, a serum sample and two biopsies were taken from the keloid (lesional) (Tissue A) and from normal skin (non-lesional) (Tissue B). From controls, a serum sample and a tissue biopsy from normal skin were taken. Serum and tissue 25-Hydroxyvitamin D, tissue vitamin D receptors, and serum and tissue koebnerisin were measured in retrieved samples using ELISA. Results revealed a significantly lower serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D, tissue vitamin D receptors, as well as, serum and tissue koebnerisin in keloid patients compared to controls. Tissue 25-Hydroxyvitamin D was significantly lower in keloidal skin biopsy (Tissue A) compared to non-lesional normal skin biopsy (Tissue B). Tissue koebnerisin showed a significant positive correlation with tissue vitamin D receptors, and a significant negative correlation with tissue 25-Hydroxyvitamin D. There was a significant negative correlation between serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and duration of keloid. Accordingly, low serum and tissue 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and deficient tissue vitamin D receptors contribute to the pathogenesis of keloids. This can be partly mediated by dysregulation of the antimicrobial peptide; koebnerisin. Artificial antimicrobial peptides and koebnerisin-modifying drugs, for example, vitamin D and TNF-α inhibitors can have a role in keloid prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba H El Hadidi
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rehab M Sobhi
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Nada
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Olfat G Shaker
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona El-Kalioby
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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The Effect of Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Capacity of Diet on Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis Phenotype: Nutrition as Therapeutic Tool? Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020157. [PMID: 33499118 PMCID: PMC7912156 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation and increased oxidative stress are contributing factors to many non-communicable diseases. A growing body of evidence indicates that dietary nutrients can activate the immune system and may lead to the overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Fatty acids as macronutrients are key players for immunomodulation, with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids having the most beneficial effect, while polyphenols and carotenoids seem to be the most promising antioxidants. Psoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory disease with multifactorial etiology. Obesity is a major risk factor for psoriasis, which leads to worse clinical outcomes. Weight loss interventions and, generally, dietary regimens such as gluten-free and Mediterranean diet or supplement use may potentially improve psoriasis’ natural course and response to therapy. However, data about more sophisticated nutritional patterns, such as ketogenic, very low-carb or specific macro- and micro-nutrient substitution, are scarce. This review aims to present the effect of strictly structured dietary nutrients, that are known to affect glucose/lipid metabolism and insulin responses, on chronic inflammation and immunity, and to discuss the utility of nutritional regimens as possible therapeutic tools for psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Skin is the main defense organ of the human body against external insults (ultraviolet radiations, infections by pathogenic microorganisms, and mechanical and chemical stress). The integrity and functions of the skin barrier are supported by an adequate supply of micronutrients, such as several vitamins. The purpose of this review was to analyze all vitamin-related skin problems. RECENT FINDINGS The World Health Organization has estimated that more than 2 billion people worldwide experience deficiencies in the intake of essential vitamins and minerals; the percentage of adults all over the world using daily vitamin supplements, for treatment or prevention of chronic disease, has increased very rapidly in recent years. In this review, 65 studies have been selected in order to examine the role of the main vitamins and their derivatives involved in maintaining the well-being of the skin and their use as prophylactic and therapeutic agents in the management of skin disorders.
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Busco G, Robert E, Chettouh-Hammas N, Pouvesle JM, Grillon C. The emerging potential of cold atmospheric plasma in skin biology. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 161:290-304. [PMID: 33039651 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The maintenance of skin integrity is crucial to ensure the physiological barrier against exogenous compounds, microorganisms and dehydration but also to fulfill social and aesthetic purposes. Besides the development of new actives intended to enter a formulation, innovative technologies based on physical principles have been proposed in the last years. Among them, Cold Atmospheric Plasma (CAP) technology, which already showed interesting results in dermatology, is currently being studied for its potential in skin treatments and cares. CAP bio-medical studies gather several different expertise ranging from physics to biology through chemistry and biochemistry, making this topic hard to pin. In this review we provide a broad survey of the interactions between CAP and skin. In the first section, we tried to give some fundamentals on skin structure and physiology, related to its essential functions, together with the main bases on cold plasma and its physicochemical properties. In the following parts we dissected and analyzed each CAP parameter to highlight the already known and the possible effects they can play on skin. This overview aims to get an idea of the potential of cold atmospheric plasma technology in skin biology for the future developments of dermo-cosmetic treatments, for example in aging prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Busco
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, UPR4301, CNRS, 45071, Orléans, France; Groupe de Recherches sur l'Énergétique des Milieux Ionisés, UMR 7344, Université d'Orléans/CNRS, 45067, Orléans, France.
| | - Eric Robert
- Groupe de Recherches sur l'Énergétique des Milieux Ionisés, UMR 7344, Université d'Orléans/CNRS, 45067, Orléans, France
| | | | - Jean-Michel Pouvesle
- Groupe de Recherches sur l'Énergétique des Milieux Ionisés, UMR 7344, Université d'Orléans/CNRS, 45067, Orléans, France
| | - Catherine Grillon
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, UPR4301, CNRS, 45071, Orléans, France.
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Giustina A, Bouillon R, Binkley N, Sempos C, Adler RA, Bollerslev J, Dawson-Hughes B, Ebeling PR, Feldman D, Heijboer A, Jones G, Kovacs CS, Lazaretti-Castro M, Lips P, Marcocci C, Minisola S, Napoli N, Rizzoli R, Scragg R, White JH, Formenti AM, Bilezikian JP. Controversies in Vitamin D: A Statement From the Third International Conference. JBMR Plus 2020; 4:e10417. [PMID: 33354643 PMCID: PMC7745884 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The Third International Conference on Controversies in Vitamin D was held in Gubbio, Italy, September 10–13, 2019. The conference was held as a follow‐up to previous meetings held in 2017 and 2018 to address topics of controversy in vitamin D research. The specific topics were selected by the steering committee of the conference and based upon areas that remain controversial from the preceding conferences. Other topics were selected anew that reflect specific topics that have surfaced since the last international conference. Consensus was achieved after formal presentations and open discussions among experts. As will be detailed in this article, consensus was achieved with regard to the following: the importance and prevalence of nutritional rickets, amounts of vitamin D that are typically generated by sun exposure, worldwide prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, the importance of circulating concentrations of 25OHD as the best index of vitamin D stores, definitions and thresholds of vitamin D deficiency, and efficacy of vitamin D analogues in the treatment of psoriasis. Areas of uncertainly and controversy include the following: daily doses of vitamin D needed to maintain a normal level of 25OHD in the general population, recommendations for supplementation in patients with metabolic bone diseases, cutaneous production of vitamin D by UVB exposure, hepatic regulation of 25OHD metabolites, definition of vitamin D excess, vitamin D deficiency in acute illness, vitamin D requirements during reproduction, potential for a broad spectrum of cellular and organ activities under the influence of the vitamin D receptor, and potential links between vitamin D and major human diseases. With specific regard to the latter area, the proceedings of the conference led to recommendations for areas in need of further investigation through appropriately designed intervention trials. © 2020 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Giustina
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, San Raffaele, Vita-Salute University and IRCCS Hospital Milan Italy
| | - Roger Bouillon
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases Metabolism and Ageing KU Leuven Leuven Belgium
| | - Neil Binkley
- Osteoporosis Clinical Research Program on Aging, University of Wisconsin Madison WI USA
| | | | - Robert A Adler
- McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine Richmond VA USA
| | - Jens Bollerslev
- Section of Specialized Endocrinology, Department of Endocrinology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway, and Faculty of Medicine University of Oslo Oslo Norway
| | - Bess Dawson-Hughes
- Jean Mayer USDA Nutrition Research Center on Aging Tufts University Boston MA USA
| | - Peter R Ebeling
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences Monash University Calyton Victoria Australia
| | - David Feldman
- Department of Medicine Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA USA
| | - Annemieke Heijboer
- Endocrine Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Glenville Jones
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences Queen's University Kingston Ontario Canada
| | - Christopher S Kovacs
- Faculty of Medicine Memorial University of Newfoundland St. John's Newfoundland and Labrador Canada
| | - Marise Lazaretti-Castro
- Division of Endocrinology Escola Paulista de Medicina-Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP) São Paulo Brazil
| | - Paul Lips
- Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrine Section Amsterdam University Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Claudio Marcocci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Pisa Pisa Italy
| | - Salvatore Minisola
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Disciplines University of Rome "Sapienza" Rome Italy
| | - Nicola Napoli
- Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetes Campus Bio-Medico, University of Rome Rome Italy.,Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO USA
| | - Rene Rizzoli
- Service of Bone Diseases Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine Geneva Switzerland
| | - Robert Scragg
- School of Population Health University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
| | - John H White
- Department of Physiology McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Anna Maria Formenti
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, San Raffaele, Vita-Salute University and IRCCS Hospital Milan Italy
| | - John P Bilezikian
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology Division, College of Physicians and Surgeons Columbia University New York NY USA
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Mahmoud SB, Anwar MK, Shaker OG, El Sharkawy DA. Possible Relation between Vitamin D and Interleukin-17 in the Pathogenesis of Lichen Planus. Dermatology 2020; 237:896-901. [PMID: 33091918 DOI: 10.1159/000510539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lichen planus (LP) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory mucocutaneous disease. Interleukin (IL)-17 is the signature cytokine of T-helper 17 cells, involved in the aetiology of many autoimmune and inflammatory disorders. Vitamin D has an immune-regulatory role and suppresses IL-17 production via direct transcriptional inhibition of IL-17 gene expression. OBJECTIVE To explore the relationship of IL-17 and vitamin D levels with LP, and the possible inter-relationship between IL-17 and vitamin D. METHODS The study enrolled 30 patients with LP and 30 healthy controls. Blood samples and skin biopsies were taken from all participants for evaluation of serum vitamin D, and serum and tissue IL-17 levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS Patients had significantly higher serum and tissue IL-17 (p < 0.001 for both), as well as significantly lower serum vitamin D levels and more deficient patterns of vitamin D status than controls (p < 0.001 for both). In the patient group, there was a statistically significant positive correlation between extent of the disease and serum IL-17. There was no direct statistical correlation between IL-17 levels and serum vitamin D in either patients or controls. CONCLUSION This study confirms a previously suggested role of IL-17 in the pathogenesis of LP and suggests its relation to the extent and severity of the disease. We also found an association between vitamin D deficiency and LP. However, a direct relationship between IL-17 and vitamin D deficiency could not be clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Bahaa Mahmoud
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt,
| | | | - Olfat Gamil Shaker
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Vitamin D in dysphagic patients who have undergone endoscopic gastrostomy for long-term enteral feeding. GASTROENTEROLOGIA Y HEPATOLOGIA 2020; 44:13-19. [PMID: 33268156 DOI: 10.1016/j.gastrohep.2020.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vitamin D plays a major role in biological processes. Its deficiency is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Patients who have undergone endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) present with protein-energy malnutrition, and may be at risk for Vitamin D deficiency, due to their age, less sunlight exposure and lower dietary intake. We aimed to determine the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in PEG-patients, its change under PEG-feeding, and its relationship with serum proteins and risk factors for Vitamin D deficiency. METHODS This was a prospective observational study, over 4 weeks, after gastrostomy. Data were collected at the initial PEG procedure (T0), and after 4 weeks (T1). Initial evaluation included age, gender, underlying disorder, NRS-2002, BMI, serum albumin, transferrin and Vitamin D. At T1 we assessed Vit. D, albumin, and transferrin. Vitamin D was performed with Electrochemiluminescence through Elecsys 2010 assay. Patients were fed with blended homemade meals. RESULTS 200 patients (118 males), 22-92 years of age, were studied. There were initial low values for Vit. D (181), albumin (96), transferrin (121), and BMI (124). A correlation was found between Vit. D and serum albumin (r=0.49, p=0.005) but not with transferrin (r=0.26, p=0.195). At T1 the subgroup who had Vit. D levels assessed (n=48) was part of the initial study group maintained low levels of Vitamin D despite nutritional intervention. CONCLUSION We recommend systematic Vitamin D supplementation of PEG fed patients using homemade meals or at least screening for hypovitaminosis D as a routine part of their care.
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Khairallah MK, Makarem YS, Dahpy MA. Vitamin D in active systemic lupus erythematosus and lupus nephritis: a forgotten player. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43162-020-00016-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder associated with immunological abnormalities (Aringer et al., Arthritis Rheumatol 71:1400-1412, 2019). Vitamin D (VD) has an important role in SLE pathogenesis, as it controls cell cycle progression besides its anti-proliferative effects (Liu et al., J Cell Commun Signal 71, 2019). Determining the relationship between VD with SLE activity and lupus nephritis (LN) can establish a new role for VD in SLE management (Liu et al., J Cell Commun Signal 71, 2019). In our study, we aimed to assess the relationship between levels of VD in patients with SLE activity and with LN and to verify the relationship between VD levels with clinical and laboratory parameters in those patients, in order to assess the validity of adding serum VD level in the routine follow-up as a marker that may lead to earlier diagnosis of SLE activity and LN in adult SLE patients.
Results
Serum VD was significantly lower in SLE patients (3.38 ± 2.55 ng/ml) versus healthy controls (5.36 ± 2.88 ng/ml) (P < 0.002). Interestingly, serum VD was significantly lower in patient with active SLE according to SLEDAI (3.00 ± 2.27 ng/ml) versus those with inactive SLE (5.10 ± 3.19 ng/ml) (P < 0.02). Significant negative correlation was found between serum level of VD and each of mucocutaneous, malar rash, and renal manifestations. Significant negative correlation was also noticed among SLEDAI (P value = 0.01) and renal SLEDAI scores (P value = 0.021) with serum level of VD.
Conclusion
Low levels of VD were found to be frequent in SLE patients especially during phases of SLE activity and nephritis. Potent markers of low serum VD level in SLE patients were found to be mucocutaneous, malar rash, and LN. Our results support that VD levels could act as independent risk factors for activity and LN in SLE patients; moreover, treatment with VD supplementation could decrease the incidence of activity and nephritis in SLE patients.
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Kara M, Ekiz T, Ricci V, Kara Ö, Chang KV, Özçakar L. 'Scientific Strabismus' or two related pandemics: coronavirus disease and vitamin D deficiency. Br J Nutr 2020; 124:736-741. [PMID: 32393401 PMCID: PMC7300194 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520001749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The WHO has announced the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak to be a global pandemic. The distribution of community outbreaks shows seasonal patterns along certain latitude, temperature and humidity, that is, similar to the behaviour of seasonal viral respiratory tract infections. COVID-19 displays significant spread in northern mid-latitude countries with an average temperature of 5–11°C and low humidity. Vitamin D deficiency has also been described as pandemic, especially in Europe. Regardless of age, ethnicity and latitude, recent data showed that 40 % of Europeans are vitamin D deficient (25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels <50 nmol/l), and 13 % are severely deficient (25(OH)D < 30 nmol/l). A quadratic relationship was found between the prevalences of vitamin D deficiency in most commonly affected countries by COVID-19 and the latitudes. Vitamin D deficiency is more common in the subtropical and mid-latitude countries than the tropical and high-latitude countries. The most commonly affected countries with severe vitamin D deficiency are from the subtropical (Saudi Arabia 46 %; Qatar 46 %; Iran 33·4 %; Chile 26·4 %) and mid-latitude (France 27·3 %; Portugal 21·2 %; Austria 19·3 %) regions. Severe vitamin D deficiency was found to be nearly 0 % in some high-latitude countries (e.g. Norway, Finland, Sweden, Denmark and Netherlands). Accordingly, we would like to call attention to the possible association between severe vitamin D deficiency and mortality pertaining to COVID-19. Given its rare side effects and relatively wide safety, prophylactic vitamin D supplementation and/or food fortification might reasonably serve as a very convenient adjuvant therapy for these two worldwide public health problems alike.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Kara
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Timur Ekiz
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Türkmenbaşı Medical Center, Adana, Turkey
| | - Vincenzo Ricci
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science, Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine Unit, IRCCS Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Özgür Kara
- Geriatrics Unit, Yenimahalle Training and Research Hospital, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ke-Vin Chang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Bei-Hu Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Levent Özçakar
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey
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Riccardi C, Perrone L, Napolitano F, Sampaolo S, Melone MAB. Understanding the Biological Activities of Vitamin D in Type 1 Neurofibromatosis: New Insights into Disease Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Design. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2965. [PMID: 33066259 PMCID: PMC7602022 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a fat-soluble steroid hormone playing a pivotal role in calcium and phosphate homeostasis as well as in bone health. Vitamin D levels are not exclusively dependent on food intake. Indeed, the endogenous production-occurring in the skin and dependent on sun exposure-contributes to the majority amount of vitamin D present in the body. Since vitamin D receptors (VDRs) are ubiquitous and drive the expression of hundreds of genes, the interest in vitamin D has tremendously grown and its role in different diseases has been extensively studied. Several investigations indicated that vitamin D action extends far beyond bone health and calcium metabolism, showing broad effects on a variety of critical illnesses, including cancer, infections, cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases. Epidemiological studies indicated that low circulating vitamin D levels inversely correlate with cutaneous manifestations and bone abnormalities, clinical hallmarks of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). NF1 is an autosomal dominant tumour predisposition syndrome causing significant pain and morbidity, for which limited treatment options are available. In this context, vitamin D or its analogues have been used to treat both skin and bone lesions in NF1 patients, alone or combined with other therapeutic agents. Here we provide an overview of vitamin D, its characteristic nutritional properties relevant for health benefits and its role in NF1 disorder. We focus on preclinical and clinical studies that demonstrated the clinical correlation between vitamin D status and NF1 disease, thus providing important insights into disease pathogenesis and new opportunities for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Riccardi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, via Cintia 21, I-80126 Naples, Italy;
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via Sergio Pansini 5, I-80131 Naples, Italy; (L.P.); (F.N.); (S.S.)
| | - Lorena Perrone
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via Sergio Pansini 5, I-80131 Naples, Italy; (L.P.); (F.N.); (S.S.)
| | - Filomena Napolitano
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via Sergio Pansini 5, I-80131 Naples, Italy; (L.P.); (F.N.); (S.S.)
| | - Simone Sampaolo
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via Sergio Pansini 5, I-80131 Naples, Italy; (L.P.); (F.N.); (S.S.)
| | - Mariarosa Anna Beatrice Melone
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via Sergio Pansini 5, I-80131 Naples, Italy; (L.P.); (F.N.); (S.S.)
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Department of Biology, Temple University, BioLife Building (015-00), 1900 North 12th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122-6078, USA
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Bollen SE, Atherton PJ. Myogenic, genomic and non-genomic influences of the vitamin D axis in skeletal muscle. Cell Biochem Funct 2020; 39:48-59. [PMID: 33037688 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Despite vitamin D-deficiency clinically presenting with myopathy, muscle weakness and atrophy, the mechanisms by which vitamin D exerts its homeostatic effects upon skeletal muscle remain to be fully established. Recent studies have shown that the receptor by which 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25[OH]2 D3 ) exerts its biological actions (ie, the vitamin D receptor, VDR) elicits both genomic and non-genomic effects upon skeletal muscle. The controversy surrounding skeletal muscle VDR mRNA/protein expression in post-natal muscle has been allayed by myriad recent studies, while dynamic expression of VDR throughout myogenesis, and association of higher VDR levels during muscle regeneration/immature muscle cells, suggests a role in myogenesis and perhaps an enrichment of VDR in satellite cells. Accordingly, in vitro studies have demonstrated 1,25(OH)2 D3 is anti-proliferative in myoblasts, yet pro-differentiation in latter stages of myogenesis. These effects involve modulation of gene expression (VDR as a transcriptional co-activator controls ~3% of the genome) and post-genomic intracellular signalling for example, via c-Src and alterations to intramuscular calcium homeostasis and proteostasis. The aim of this review is to consider the biomolecular role for the vitamin D/VDR axis in myogenesis, while also exploring global evidence for genomic and non-genomic mechanisms of action for 1,25(OH)2 D3 /VDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelby E Bollen
- MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Derby, UK
| | - Philip J Atherton
- MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Derby, UK
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Siddiqui M, Manansala JS, Abdulrahman HA, Nasrallah GK, Smatti MK, Younes N, Althani AA, Yassine HM. Immune Modulatory Effects of Vitamin D on Viral Infections. Nutrients 2020; 12:E2879. [PMID: 32967126 PMCID: PMC7551809 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral infections have been a cause of mortality for several centuries and continue to endanger the lives of many, specifically of the younger population. Vitamin D has long been recognized as a crucial element to the skeletal system in the human body. Recent evidence has indicated that vitamin D also plays an essential role in the immune response against viral infections and suggested that vitamin D deficiency increases susceptibility to viral infections as well as the risk of recurrent infections. For instance, low serum vitamin D levels were linked to increased occurrence of high burdens viral diseases such as hepatitis, influenza, Covid-19, and AIDS. As immune cells in infected patients are responsive to the ameliorative effects of vitamin D, the beneficial effects of supplementing vitamin D-deficient individuals with an infectious disease may extend beyond the impact on bone and calcium homeostasis. Even though numerous studies have highlighted the effect of vitamin D on the immune cells, vitamin D's antiviral mechanism has not been fully established. This paper reviews the recent mechanisms by which vitamin D regulates the immune system, both innate and adaptive systems, and reflects on the link between serum vitamin D levels and viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maheen Siddiqui
- College of Health Science-QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (M.S.); (J.S.M.); (G.K.N.); (N.Y.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Judhell S. Manansala
- College of Health Science-QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (M.S.); (J.S.M.); (G.K.N.); (N.Y.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Hana A. Abdulrahman
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (H.A.A.); (M.K.S.)
| | - Gheyath K. Nasrallah
- College of Health Science-QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (M.S.); (J.S.M.); (G.K.N.); (N.Y.); (A.A.A.)
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (H.A.A.); (M.K.S.)
| | - Maria K. Smatti
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (H.A.A.); (M.K.S.)
| | - Nadin Younes
- College of Health Science-QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (M.S.); (J.S.M.); (G.K.N.); (N.Y.); (A.A.A.)
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (H.A.A.); (M.K.S.)
| | - Asmaa A. Althani
- College of Health Science-QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (M.S.); (J.S.M.); (G.K.N.); (N.Y.); (A.A.A.)
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (H.A.A.); (M.K.S.)
| | - Hadi M. Yassine
- College of Health Science-QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (M.S.); (J.S.M.); (G.K.N.); (N.Y.); (A.A.A.)
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (H.A.A.); (M.K.S.)
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Wang D, Lin L, Lei K, Zeng J, Luo J, Yin Y, Li Y, Zhang L, Nie X, Zuo D, Sun L. Vitamin D3 analogue facilitates epithelial wound healing through promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition via the Hippo pathway. J Dermatol Sci 2020; 100:120-128. [PMID: 32938565 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2020.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wound healing is a complex physiological process that is crucial for reestablishing the epithelial barrier following injury. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to demonstrate the efficacy of calcipotriol, a synthetic vitamin D3 analogue, in wound healing in an acute mice wound model. METHODS An excision wound model was established in mice, and the wound healing activity of calcipotriol was evaluated. Human keratinocyte cell lines, HaCaT and NHEK, were utilized in in vitro skin wound healing model. Cytokine expression levels were measured by real-time PCR and ELISA assay. The expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-associated molecules and the phosphorylation of Yes-associated protein (YAP) was determined by western blotting. RESULTS The increase in re-epithelialization by calcipotriol treatment early in the wound was associated with the EMT process. A scratch assay using HaCaT and NHEK cells also showed that calcipotriol administration resulted in effective wound closure. We demonstrated that calcipotriol promoted keratinocyte migration by interfering with the Hippo pathway. Calcipotriol-mediated enhancement of cell migration is related to downregulated phosphorylation of YAP and increased levels of YAP and PDZ-binding motif (TAZ). Mechanistically, we defined that calcipotriol facilitated the crosstalk between the YAP/TAZ and TGF-β/Smad signaling pathways, eliciting EMT in keratinocytes during the wound healing process. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the positive effect of calcipotriol on keratinocyte migration is mediated by the induction of EMT via the regulation of Hippo pathway, which promotes the acceleration of wound closure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wang
- Department of Dermatology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Dermatology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Department of Dermatology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Dermatology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ke Lei
- Department of Dermatology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Dermatology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jialiang Luo
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Immunology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Yin
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Immunology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Dermatology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liyun Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Nie
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Daming Zuo
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Immunology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Ledong Sun
- Department of Dermatology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Concomitant DNA methylation and transcriptome signatures define epidermal responses to acute solar UV radiation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12918. [PMID: 32737342 PMCID: PMC7395768 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69683-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The simultaneous analysis of different regulatory levels of biological phenomena by means of multi-omics data integration has proven an invaluable tool in modern precision medicine, yet many processes ultimately paving the way towards disease manifestation remain elusive and have not been studied in this regard. Here we investigated the early molecular events following repetitive UV irradiation of in vivo healthy human skin in depth on transcriptomic and epigenetic level. Our results provide first hints towards an immediate acquisition of epigenetic memories related to aging and cancer and demonstrate significantly correlated epigenetic and transcriptomic responses to irradiation stress. The data allowed the precise prediction of inter-individual UV sensitivity, and molecular subtyping on the integrated post-irradiation multi-omics data established the existence of three latent molecular phototypes. Importantly, further analysis suggested a form of melanin-independent DNA damage protection in subjects with higher innate UV resilience. This work establishes a high-resolution molecular landscape of the acute epidermal UV response and demonstrates the potential of integrative analyses to untangle complex and heterogeneous biological responses.
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72
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Decreased vitamin D serum levels at melanoma diagnosis are associated with tumor ulceration and high tumor mitotic rate. Melanoma Res 2020; 29:664-667. [PMID: 31469708 DOI: 10.1097/cmr.0000000000000638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate the relation between 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels at diagnosis and pathological characteristics in primary invasive melanoma. A cross-sectional study was designed based on a series of 204 consecutive patients diagnosed of invasive melanomas in the 2013-2017 period at a single institution. 25-hydroxyvitamin D serum levels at diagnosis were assessed, and three groups were defined by vitamin D status: deficiency, insufficiency, and sufficiency. Clinical and pathological characteristics were compared between the groups by Chi-square test. Logistic regression models were performed to evaluate the association between vitamin D status and Breslow thickness, ulceration, and tumor mitotic rate. A significant association between vitamin D levels at diagnosis and location, tumor mitotic rate, and ulceration was found; and a borderline association with Breslow thickness and BMI. Deficient levels were found in 7.8% of patients and increased the risk of presenting ulcerated tumors [odds ratio: 6.8 (95% confidence interval: 1.5-29.7; P = 0.012)] and with a tumor mitotic rate greater than 1 mitosis/mm [odds ratio: 6.0 (95% confidence interval: 1.4-25.1; P = 0.014)]. A marginal increased risk of tumor thickness greater than 1 mm was also observed [odds ratio: 3.7 (95% confidence interval: 1.0-13.9; P = 0.057)]. Our study suggests a role of vitamin D levels in melanoma aggressiveness and raises the question as to whether vitamin D levels should be monitored, or even supplemented, in people with low yearly sun exposure.
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Cheng K, Tang Q, Huang Y, Liu X, Karrow NA, Wang C. Effect of vitamin D 3 on the immunomodulation of head kidney after Edwardsiella ictaluri challenge in yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 99:353-361. [PMID: 32081806 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Edwardsiella ictaluri (E. ictaluri) causes severe infections in yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco), which leads to a massive loss in the aquaculture industry especially in catfish commercial production. Previous studies have confirmed that vitamin D3 is essential in immune regulation in mammals. Based on next-generation sequencing, this study explored the immunomodulatory effects of dietary vitamin D3 on the head kidney of yellow catfish after E. ictaluri challenge. Current results showed that increasing the content of dietary vitamin D3 within the experimental concentration range (1120IU/kg-16600IU/kg) could reduce the mortality of the yellow catfish after E. ictaluri challenge. Results of the next-generation sequencing showed that dietary vitamin D3 regulates the immune mechanism of the head kidney mainly through three pathways i.e. negative regulation of interferon-β production, negative regulation of interleukin-6 production and neutrophil chemotaxis. Proteins HSPA8, MAP4K4 and MRC1 may be involved in vitamin D3-mediated immunoregulation in the head kidney. qPCR results showed that increasing the content of dietary vitamin D3 can improve the immune function of the yellow catfish by down-regulating ifn-β and pro-inflammatory factors tnf-α, il1-β, il-6, il-8 and up-regulating the anti-inflammatory factor il-10. The above results indicated that dietary addition of vitamin D3 regulated the immune response in head kidney of yellow catfish and helped the fish to resist the negative effects of infection by E. ictaluri in a dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Cheng
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Qin Tang
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1301 Morris Park Ave., Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Yanqing Huang
- East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Niel A Karrow
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Chunfang Wang
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Toychiev A, Mirzoeva M, Davis N, Islamova J, Osipova S. Pityriasis alba: Possible associations with intestinal helminths and pathogenic protozoa. Int J Clin Pract 2020; 74:e13441. [PMID: 31633268 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.13441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aetiology of pityriasis alba (PA) remains uncertain, and children are at risk for PA and intestinal parasites. AIM To determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites in PA patients and to evaluate their possible role in PA pathogenesis. METHODS Overall, 180 PA patients and 100 healthy individuals were enrolled. Intestinal parasites were diagnosed by triple coproscopy, and the total serum Immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels were determined by ELISA. PA patients with intestinal parasites were treated with conventional antiparasitic drugs. Patient response to antiparasitic therapy was evaluated after 6 weeks. RESULTS The prevalence of intestinal parasites in PA patients and controls was 60 ± 3.6% and 32 ± 4.6%, respectively (P < .0001). Regardless of the parasite species among the PA patients and control individuals, the total IgE levels were significantly higher in PA patients (P ≤ .05). The highest values of IgE were found in PA patients with Hymenolepis nana (641.7 ± 46.3 IU/mL). The total IgE level in PA patients with parasites decreased after antiparasitic therapy, but the reduction was only significant in patients with H. nana (P < .05). Complete disappearance of hypopigmented patches was observed after the elimination of H. nana, Giardia lamblia and Enterobius vermicularis in 65 ± 10.6%, 48.7 ± 8.0% and 33.3 ± 8.2% of cases, respectively. In total, a positive clinical response to antiparasitic therapy was achieved in 60 ± 4.7% of infected PA patients. CONCLUSION A positive clinical response to antiparasitic therapy indicates the role of intestinal parasites in PA pathogenesis. Parasitological examination is justified by the recovery of 60 ± 4.7% of infected PA patients after the elimination of intestinal parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdurakhim Toychiev
- Department of Immunology of Parasitic Diseases, the Research Institute of Epidemiology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Mexriniso Mirzoeva
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Bukhara state medical institute, Bukhara, Uzbekistan
| | - Nikolay Davis
- Department of Immunology of Parasitic Diseases, the Research Institute of Epidemiology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Jannat Islamova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, the Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances named acad. S. Yu. Yunusov, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Svetlana Osipova
- Department of Immunology of Parasitic Diseases, the Research Institute of Epidemiology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
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Provitamin D 3 modulation through prebiotics supplementation: simulation based assessment. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19267. [PMID: 31848400 PMCID: PMC6917722 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55699-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is important in multiple health conditions. Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent globally even with exposure to adequate sunlight. Reduction in provitamin D3 (7-dehydrocholesterol, 7-DHC) is an important cause of vitamin D3 deficiency. Vitamin supplementation, food fortification, and use of probiotics are some approaches to reduce vitamin D3 deficiency. This study investigates plausibility of 7-DHC biosynthesis through dietary prebiotics supplementation. Furthermore, it reports mechanistic details and constraints for the biosynthesis using flux balance analysis (FBA) simulations. The FBA simulations using co-metabolism models comprising human host and a resident bacterium (Faecalibacterium prausnitzii or Bacteroides thetaiotamicron) indicated increased flux of 7-DHC with short-chain fructooligosaccharide (scFOS) or inulin supplementation. We observed around 2-fold increase in flux compared to the baseline. Biosynthesis of 7-DHC was primarily modulated through acetate, pyruvate and lactate secreted by the bacterium. We observed diverse mechanisms and dose dependent responses. We extended this assessment to 119 resident bacteria and investigated the metabolites profiles with prebiotics supplementation. In summary, the current study suggests the potential use of applying prebiotics in enhancing 7-DHC biosynthesis. Furthermore, performance of the different gut bacteria with prebiotic supplementation for secreted metabolites profile is reported. These results may be useful to design future clinical studies.
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A Critical Appraisal of Strategies to Optimize Vitamin D Status in Germany, a Population with a Western Diet. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11112682. [PMID: 31698703 PMCID: PMC6893762 DOI: 10.3390/nu11112682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
During the last decade, our scientific knowledge of the pleiotropic biological effects of vitamin D metabolites and their relevance to human health has expanded widely. Beyond the well-known key role of vitamin D in calcium homeostasis and bone health, it has been shown that vitamin D deficiency is associated with a broad variety of independent diseases, including several types of cancer, and with increased overall mortality. Moreover, recent findings have demonstrated biological effects of the vitamin D endocrine system that are not mediated via activation of the classical nuclear vitamin D receptor (VDR) by binding with high affinity to its corresponding ligand, the biologically active vitamin D metabolite 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D). In contrast, many of these new biological effects of vitamin D compounds, including regulation of the circadian clock and many metabolic functions, are mediated by other vitamin D metabolites, including 20-hydroxyvitamin D and 20,23-dihydroxyvitamin D, and involve their binding to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and retinoid-orphan receptor (ROR). In most populations, including the German population, UVB-induced cutaneous vitamin D production is the main source for fulfilling the human body’s requirements of vitamin D. However, this causes a dilemma because solar or artificial UVR exposure is associated with skin cancer risk. In addition to UVB-induced vitamin D production in skin, in humans, there are two other possible sources of vitamin D: from diet and supplements. However, only a few natural foods contain substantial amounts of vitamin D, and in most populations, the dietary source of vitamin D cannot fulfill the body´s requirements. Because an increasing body of evidence has convincingly demonstrated that vitamin D deficiency is very common worldwide, it is the aim of this paper to (i) give an update of the vitamin D status in a population with a western diet, namely, the German population, and to (ii) develop strategies to optimize the vitamin D supply that consider both the advantages as well as the disadvantages/risks of different approaches, including increasing vitamin D status by dietary intake, by supplements, or by UVB-induced cutaneous synthesis of vitamin D.
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Garg S, Dasgupta A, Maharana SP, Paul B, Bandyopadhyay L, Bhattacharya A. Sun exposure and Vitamin D in rural India: A cross-sectional study. Indian J Public Health 2019; 62:175-181. [PMID: 30232965 DOI: 10.4103/ijph.ijph_258_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin D deficiency/Vitamin D Insufficiency (VDI) is now recognized as a pandemic. Cutaneous exposure to ultraviolet-B causes photolysis of epidermal 7-dehydrocholesterol, converting it to pre-Vitamin D3 (precholecalciferol), which then undergoes isomerization to form the stable hormone Vitamin D3. Objectives The objectives of the study is to determine the status of Vitamin D level among the adults residing in a rural area of West Bengal and to find out the optimal cutoff of the sun exposure for Vitamin D sufficiency. Methods This study was a rural community based cross-sectional study. It was done from May 2016 to April 2017 among 197 adults residing in a rural block of West Bengal. Data were collected by interviewing the respondents with the help of a structured pre-tested pre-designed schedule. After interviewing, every individual was examined for height and weight and blood was collected for serum Vitamin 25-(OH) D. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were utilized to find out optimum cut-off for sun exposure using Youden's index. Binary logistic regression was performed to find out the associates of high sun exposure. All analysis was done using R. Results Overall VDI was found in 133 (67.5%). Among them, 102 (51.8%) were female. On ROC curve for veritable sun exposure for Vitamin D sufficiency, area under curve was 0.7841 which signifies veritable sun exposure as a good screening tool. Conclusion Proper information, education, and communication material regarding various aspects of sun exposure and Vitamin D should be prepared with due consultation of field experts and disseminated to increase awareness among the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shobhit Garg
- Junior Resident, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, All India Institute of Hygiene and Public Health, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Aparajita Dasgupta
- Director-Professor, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, All India Institute of Hygiene and Public Health, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Swanya Prabha Maharana
- Junior Resident, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, All India Institute of Hygiene and Public Health, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Bobby Paul
- Assistant Professor and Head, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, All India Institute of Hygiene and Public Health, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Lina Bandyopadhyay
- Assistant Professor, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, All India Institute of Hygiene and Public Health, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Aritra Bhattacharya
- Junior Resident, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, All India Institute of Hygiene and Public Health, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Jhang WK, Kim DH, Park SJ. Association of vitamin D deficiency with clinical outcomes in critically ill Korean children. Nutr Res Pract 2019; 14:12-19. [PMID: 32042369 PMCID: PMC6997144 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2020.14.1.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Vitamin D is a pleiotropic hormone that affects various body organ systems. We evaluated the prevalence of a vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and its potential role in the clinical condition of critically ill Korean children. SUBJECTS/METHODS Patients under 18 years old with a 25(OH) vitamin D measurement on the first day of PICU admission were included from among the children admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of our tertiary children's hospital between October 2017 and January 2019. RESULTS A total of 172 pediatric patients were enrolled. The mean 25(OH) vitamin D level was 17.5 ± 12.8 ng/mL. There was a 65.1% prevalence of VDD (25(OH) vitamin D level < 20 ng/mL). VDD was associated with age at PICU admission, gastrointestinal/hepatobiliary disorders, International Society of Thrombosis and Hemostasis disseminated intravascular coagulation (ISTH DIC) score, pediatric multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (pMODS) score and with several laboratory test findings including hemoglobin, platelet, C-reactive protein, serum albumin, total bilirubin, prothrombin time, and anti-thrombin III levels. Most of these parameters also showed significant linear correlations with the 25(OH) vitamin D level (P < 0.05). However, no statistically meaningful association was found between VDD and other clinical conditions such as the need for a mechanical ventilator, requirement for vasoactive drugs, duration of the PICU and hospital stays, or PICU mortality. CONCLUSION There is a high prevalence of VDD in critically ill Korean children. There were significant associations between the 25(OH) vitamin D level and gastrointestinal/hepatobiliary disorders, the pMODS score and with coagulation related factors. Further large-scale studies with more specific subgroup analyses are required to more precisely assess the clinical implications of VDD in critically ill pediatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Kyoung Jhang
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro-43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Da Hyun Kim
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro-43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Seong Jong Park
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro-43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Korea
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Garg S, Dasgupta A, Paul B, Maharana SP. Vitamin D Insufficiency Risk Score for Screening for Vitamin D Insufficiency. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2019; 23:552-556. [PMID: 31803596 PMCID: PMC6873250 DOI: 10.4103/ijem.ijem_539_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Vitamin D Deficiency/Insufficiency (VDD/VDI) is now recognized as a pandemic. Vitamin D is a versatile yet crucial factor which is vital for many metabolic functions in our body. Till now there is no screening tool for VDD/VDI. The aim of this study is to develop and validate a screening tool Vitamin D Insufficiency Risk Score (VDIRS). METHODS This study was a rural community based cross-sectional study. It was done during May 2016 to April 2017 among 197 adults residing in rural West Bengal. After a thorough literature review and discussion with the field experts, four characteristics (BMI, Physical activity, Daily Sun exposure, Diet) were considered for VDIRS. Data was collected after taking informed consent. After interviewing every individual was examined for height, weight and blood was collected for vitamin 25-(OH) D. Weights were given to VDIRS characteristic according to Adjusted Odds' Ratio. Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curves were utilized to validate and find out optimum cut off for VDIRS using Youden's index for VDD/VDI with the use of R software. RESULTS Only 133 (67.5%) had Vitamin D insufficiency. On ROC curves for VDIRS for VDI and VDD, AUC was 0.83 and 0.77 which signifies VDIRS as a good screening and predictive tool. A score of VDIRS ≥14 had sensitivity of 78.2% and specificity of 75.0% for VDI. CONCLUSION Use of the VDIRS can make mass screening for undiagnosed VDI/VDD in India more cost effective. Researchers strongly believe and perceive a necessity of such validated score in the present scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shobhit Garg
- Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences and Dr RML Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Aparajita Dasgupta
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, All India Institute of Hygiene and Public Health, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Bobby Paul
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, All India Institute of Hygiene and Public Health, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Swanya P. Maharana
- Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences and Dr RML Hospital, New Delhi, India
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Vitamin D in inflammatory bowel disease: From biology to clinical implications. Complement Ther Med 2019; 47:102189. [PMID: 31779998 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2019.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract consisting two principal categories, ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). The precise etiology of IBD remains unknown. Vitamin D is an important micronutrient that plays a critical biological role in various processes in human tissues. However, the relationship between disruption of the gut microbiota and the development of IBD is unclear. Some studies suggest that IBD is the cause of disrupted gut microbiota while others propose that gut microbiota itself can lead to development of IBD. Regardless of this complexity, it has emerged that vitamin D is an immunoregulatory factor that plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of IBD by affecting the gut microbiome and the inflammatory response. It has been reported that 38.1% of CD patients and 31.6% of UC patients suffer from vitamin D deficiency (VDD). In this review, we aimed to evaluate the association between VDD and IBD, summarizing recent clinical studies examining the effect of low vitamin D and the role of vitamin D supplementation on IBD clinical outcomes.
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Kocic H, Damiani G, Stamenkovic B, Tirant M, Jovic A, Tiodorovic D, Peris K. Dietary compounds as potential modulators of microRNA expression in psoriasis. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2019; 10:2040622319864805. [PMID: 31431821 PMCID: PMC6686315 DOI: 10.1177/2040622319864805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutrigenomic DNA reprogramming in different chronic diseases and cancer has been assessed through the stimulation of gene expression and mRNA synthesis versus DNA silencing by CpG DNA modification (methylation); histone modification (acetylation, methylation) and expression of small noncoding RNAs, known as microRNAs (miRNAs). With regard to the specific nutrigenomic effects in psoriasis, the influence of specific diets on inflammatory cell signaling transcriptional factors such as nuclear factor (NF)-κB and Wnt signaling pathways, on disease-related specific cytokine expression, pro/antioxidant balance, keratinocyte proliferation/apoptosis and on proliferation/differentiation ratio have been documented; however, the influence of dietary compounds on the balance between 'good and bad' miRNA expression has not been considered. This review aims to summarize knowledge about aberrant microRNAs expression in psoriasis and to emphasize the potential impact of some dietary compounds on endogenous miRNA synthesis in experimental conditions in vivo and in vitro. Among the aberrantly expressed miRNAs in psoriasis, one of the most prominently upregulated seems to be miR-21. The beneficial effects of phenolic compounds (curcumin and resveratrol), vitamin D, methyl donors, and omega-3 fatty acids (eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid) are discussed. Highly expressed miR-155 has been downregulated by flavonoids (through a quercetin-rich diet) and by vitamin D. Quercetin has been effective in modulating miR-146a. On the other hand, downregulated miR-125b expression was restored by vitamin D, Coenzyme Q10 and by microelement selenium. In conclusion, the miRNA profile, together with other 'omics', may constitute a multifaceted approach to explore the impact of diet on psoriasis prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hristina Kocic
- Clinic for Dermatology Clinical Center University Nis, Klinicki Centar Nis, Bul Dr Zorana Djindjica 48, Nis, 18000, Serbia
| | - Giovanni Damiani
- Unita Operativa di Dermatologia, IRCCS Fondazione Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Dipartimento di Fisiopatologia Medico-Chirurgica e dei Trapianti, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Bojana Stamenkovic
- Department of Rheumatology, Institut za Kardiovaskularne Bolesti Niska Banja University Nis, Nis, Serbia
| | | | - Andrija Jovic
- Dermatology, Clinic for Dermatology University Clinical Center Nis, Nis, Serbia
| | - Danica Tiodorovic
- Dermatology, Clinic for Dermatology, Medical Faculty University Nis, Nis, Serbia
| | - Ketty Peris
- Dermatology, Institute of Dermatology, Catholic University, Roma, Italy
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Bouillon R, Marcocci C, Carmeliet G, Bikle D, White JH, Dawson-Hughes B, Lips P, Munns CF, Lazaretti-Castro M, Giustina A, Bilezikian J. Skeletal and Extraskeletal Actions of Vitamin D: Current Evidence and Outstanding Questions. Endocr Rev 2019; 40:1109-1151. [PMID: 30321335 PMCID: PMC6626501 DOI: 10.1210/er.2018-00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 539] [Impact Index Per Article: 107.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The etiology of endemic rickets was discovered a century ago. Vitamin D is the precursor of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and other metabolites, including 1,25(OH)2D, the ligand for the vitamin D receptor (VDR). The effects of the vitamin D endocrine system on bone and its growth plate are primarily indirect and mediated by its effect on intestinal calcium transport and serum calcium and phosphate homeostasis. Rickets and osteomalacia can be prevented by daily supplements of 400 IU of vitamin D. Vitamin D deficiency (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D <50 nmol/L) accelerates bone turnover, bone loss, and osteoporotic fractures. These risks can be reduced by 800 IU of vitamin D together with an appropriate calcium intake, given to institutionalized or vitamin D-deficient elderly subjects. VDR and vitamin D metabolic enzymes are widely expressed. Numerous genetic, molecular, cellular, and animal studies strongly suggest that vitamin D signaling has many extraskeletal effects. These include regulation of cell proliferation, immune and muscle function, skin differentiation, and reproduction, as well as vascular and metabolic properties. From observational studies in human subjects, poor vitamin D status is associated with nearly all diseases predicted by these extraskeletal actions. Results of randomized controlled trials and Mendelian randomization studies are supportive of vitamin D supplementation in reducing the incidence of some diseases, but, globally, conclusions are mixed. These findings point to a need for continued ongoing and future basic and clinical studies to better define whether vitamin D status can be optimized to improve many aspects of human health. Vitamin D deficiency enhances the risk of osteoporotic fractures and is associated with many diseases. We review what is established and what is plausible regarding the health effects of vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger Bouillon
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Claudio Marcocci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Geert Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Daniel Bikle
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - John H White
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Bess Dawson-Hughes
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Paul Lips
- Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrine Section, VU University Medical Center, HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Craig F Munns
- Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Marise Lazaretti-Castro
- Division of Endocrinology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrea Giustina
- Chair of Endocrinology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - John Bilezikian
- Department of Endocrinology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
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Fathy G, Sharara MA, Khafagy AH. Intralesional vitamin D3 versus
Candida
antigen immunotherapy in the treatment of multiple recalcitrant plantar warts: A comparative case–control study. Dermatol Ther 2019; 32:e12997. [DOI: 10.1111/dth.12997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ghada Fathy
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and AndrologyAin Shams University Cairo Egypt
| | - Manal A. Sharara
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and AndrologyAin Shams University Cairo Egypt
| | - Ayman H. Khafagy
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and AndrologyAin Shams University Cairo Egypt
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Damiani G, Conic R, Orlando G, Zampetti A, Marinello E, Piai M, Linder MD. Vitamin D in trichology: a comprehensive review of the role of vitamin D and its receptor in hair and scalp disorders. GIORN ITAL DERMAT V 2019; 155:190-197. [PMID: 31210464 DOI: 10.23736/s0392-0488.19.06305-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D plays an important role in maintaining the homeostasis of various biological systems. Beside its well-known function in calcium and phosphate metabolism, it plays a major role in pathophysiology of skin and adnexa. Indeed, vitamin D, through its receptor (VDR), decreases keratinocyte proliferation, improves their differentiation and modulates both cutaneous innate (antimicrobial activity and antigen presentation) and adaptative immunity (T and B lymphocyte function). The maintenance of normal hair is dependant on the integrity of the dermis, epidermis and hair cycles. Beside its effect on epidermal differentiation, VDR plays a vital role in preserving the hair follicle integrity. While the relevance of VDR has been fully elucidated, the real value of vitamin D in the hair follicle cycle still remains uncertain. To date, results in literature remain contradicting and far from definitive; still, the role of vitamin D in the various forms of human alopecia is likely to be significant. The aim of this article is to review evidence about the role of vitamin D and its receptor in trichology, with a focus on scarring and non-scarring alopecia and in particular on the potential therapeutic use of Vitamin D for hair and scalp disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Damiani
- Research Center of the Italian Group for Epidemiologic Studies in Dermatology (GISED), Bergamo, Italy.,Department of Clinical Dermatology, Galeazzi Orthopedic Institute IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosalynn Conic
- Department of Dermatology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Gloria Orlando
- Department of Dermatology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy -
| | - Anna Zampetti
- Rare Diseases and Fevers Research Center, A. Gemelli University Polyclinic, IRCCS and Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Marinello
- Department of Dermatology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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Zuma e Maia FC, de Fraga RB, Ramos BF, Cal RV, Mangabeira Albernaz PL. Seasonality and solar radiation variation level in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. Acta Otolaryngol 2019; 139:497-499. [PMID: 30957689 DOI: 10.1080/00016489.2019.1590636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have shown that the incidence of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) presents seasonal variations and there is evidence that the variation in time is dependent on the patient's amount of vitamin D. OBJECTIVES This is a retrospective study to verify if there is a correlation between the incidence of BPPV and the level of solar radiation, essential for the synthesis of vitamin D in the skin. MATERIAL AND METHODS This study comprised 214 patients with BPPV seen from 2012 to 2017, in a city Latitude: -30.0277, Longitude: -51.2287 30° 1' 40″ South, 51° 13' 43″ West. The amounts of monthly solar radiation were analyzed in relation to the dates of their first consultations. Statistical tests were employed to verify the existence of a correlation between solar radiation and the incidence of the disease. RESULTS The statistical analysis revealed a significant difference between the incidence of BPPV and the amount of radiation during the month of the diagnosis of the disease. There was also a significant statistical correlation with the climatic variation. CONCLUSION More patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) are seen in consultation in the months with low solar radiation and in the autumn and winter seasons, in this geographic city.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bernardo Faria Ramos
- Otolaryngology, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo Centro de Ciencias da Saude, Vitoria, Brazil
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Crosstalk among adipose tissue, vitamin D level, and biomechanical properties of hypertrophic burn scars. Burns 2019; 45:1430-1437. [PMID: 31076207 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2019.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate whether adipose tissue loss and reduced vitamin D levels following severe burn injury are associated with pathologic scar formation and biomechanical scar properties. METHODS A total of 492 male subjects with hypertrophic burn scars were enrolled from January 2014 to July 2018 and analyzed. Body fat content was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Values of melanin, erythema, and trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL) and the distensibility and elasticity of hypertrophic scars were examined using pigment- and TEWL-measuring devices and a suction skin elasticity meter. RESULTS Burn patients with higher fat percentage tended to have higher 25(OH) vitamin D levels (P < 0.001). As body fat percentage increased, hypertrophic scars showed higher mean value of Uf (distensibility, P < 0.001) and lower mean value of Uv/Ue (viscoelasticity or interstitial fluid shifting, P < 0.001). Burn patients with higher 25(OH) vitamin D levels tended to have higher mean values of Uf (P < 0.001) and Ua/Uf (gross elasticity, P = 0.013) and lower mean value of Uv/Ue (P = 0.008). CONCLUSION Adipose tissue loss and decreased 25(OH) vitamin D levels following burn injury were related to scar rigidity and slow interstitial fluid shifting in hypertrophic scars.
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88
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Shekhar C. An Innovative Technique in Local Antibiotic Delivery Method in Open Infected Wounds of the Musculoskeletal System. INT J LOW EXTR WOUND 2019; 18:153-160. [PMID: 31066316 DOI: 10.1177/1534734619841764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Bone and soft tissue infections are difficult problems in orthopedic surgery. Infections resulting in chronic osteomyelitis if established are difficult to eradicate. The delivery of local antibiotics for the treatment of open infected wounds of the musculo skeletal system is a more logical approach to treat these infections. Antibiotics given systemically are unable to achieve minimum inhibitory concentration in areas of infected wounds which are ischemic or relatively avascular. And also these antibiotics given over a prolonged period lead to significant toxicity and side effects and emergence of resistant bacteria. The author has been treating difficult cases of infected wounds sustained in road accidents, wounds (diabetic ulcers) in Diabetes Mellitus with necrotizing fasciitis and post operative infections with discharging sinuses with infected implants inside by his own innovative method of antibiotic delivery. The infected open wounds have been treated by application of Vitamin D3 granules impregnated with Tobramycin or Tobramycin and Vancomycin combined. All the patients responded successfully to this novel method of treatment which is extremely simple, effective, low cost, without any complications or side effects and has shown excellent results. Not only the Vitamin D3 granules act as a carrier of the antibiotic locally but also have properties of boosting immunity, and promote tissue healing. It also produces an antibiotic like substance Cathelicidin which kills bacteria and promotes growth of the bone and restores the bone mineral density.
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89
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Cho YS, Seo CH, Joo SY, Song J, Cha E, Ohn SH. The Association Between Postburn Vitamin D Deficiency and the Biomechanical Properties of Hypertrophic Scars. J Burn Care Res 2019; 40:274-280. [PMID: 30806461 DOI: 10.1093/jbcr/irz028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblasts, keratinocytes, mast cells, and other cells participate in hypertrophic scar formation and express the vitamin D receptor. We investigated the association between vitamin D deficiency and the biomechanical properties of hypertrophic burn scars. This cross-sectional study analyzed 486 participants enrolled from May 1, 2013 to April 30, 2017. When complete wound healing was agreed with by the two opinions, blood sampling and scar evaluation were performed. The values of melanin and erythema, trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL), and scar distensibility and elasticity were measured using pigment- and TEWL-measuring devices and a suction skin elasticity meter. 25(OH) vitamin D deficiency was defined as plasma level of <20 ng/ml. The vitamin D-deficient patients had significantly higher mean values of scar melanin and TEWL (P = .032, P = .007), whereas scar erythema level was similar. They also showed significantly lower values of Uf (final distensibility; P < .001), Ua/Uf (gross elasticity; P < .001) and Ur/Uf (biological elasticity; P = .014), and higher value of Uv/Ue (viscoelasticity or potency against interstitial fluid shift; P = .016). In multiple linear regression analysis, Uf, Ua/Uf, Uv/Ue, and Ur/Uf were significantly affected by 25(OH)-vitamin D level in deficient patients (Uf, P = .017; Ua/Uf, P = .045; Uv/Ue, P = .024; Ur/Uf, P = .021). Our results demonstrated that vitamin D deficiency was significantly related to increased pigmentation, decreased skin barrier function, low scar distensibility and elasticity, and slow interstitial fluid movement in burn patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Soo Cho
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul
| | - Cheong Hoon Seo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul
| | - So Young Joo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul
| | - Jimin Song
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunsil Cha
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Hoon Ohn
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Republic of Korea
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90
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Lactoferrin stimulates the expression of vitamin D receptor in vitamin D deficient mice. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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91
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Şereflican B, Aydın Türkoğlu Ş. Bolu Yöresindeki Multipl Skleroz Hastalarında Görülen Dermatolojik Bulgular. KONURALP TIP DERGISI 2019. [DOI: 10.18521/ktd.450319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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92
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Reynolds KA, Juhasz MLW, Mesinkovska NA. The role of oral vitamins and supplements in the management of atopic dermatitis: a systematic review. Int J Dermatol 2019; 58:1371-1376. [DOI: 10.1111/ijd.14404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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93
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Alkhatatbeh MJ, Amara NA, Abdul-Razzak KK. Association of 25-hydroxyvitamin D with HDL-cholesterol and other cardiovascular risk biomarkers in subjects with non-cardiac chest pain. Lipids Health Dis 2019; 18:27. [PMID: 30684966 PMCID: PMC6347766 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-019-0961-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chest pain is a serious symptom that is routinely investigated as a sign of coronary artery disease. Non-cardiac chest pain (NCCP) is indistinguishable from ischemic chest pain and both are considered serious and receive similar medical investigations. Although NCCP is not associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), patients with NCCP may become anxious and frightened from developing coronary events. So, it will be valuable to improve modifiable cardiovascular risk factors in such subjects to reduce fear from CVDs. Because vitamin D deficiency was considered as a possible modifiable cardiovascular risk factor, our aim was to investigate association between serum vitamin D and cardiovascular risk variables in subjects with NCCP. METHODS A cross-sectional study involved 104 subjects who underwent cardiac catheterization that did not reveal any cardiac origin for their chest pain. 25-hydroxyvitamin D was measured by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay, glucose was measured by hexokinase method, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was measured by turbidimetric inhibition immunoassay and lipid profile was measured by enzymatic colorimetric assays. RESULTS High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly higher in subjects with sufficient vitamin D compared to those with insufficient or deficient vitamin D (p-value< 0.01). 25-hydroxyvitamin D was positively associated with HDL-C (p-value< 0.01) and inversely associated with HbA1c (p-value = 0.02). 25-hydroxyvitamin D was not significantly correlated with other cardiovascular biomarkers including blood pressure, glucose, and other components of lipid profile (p-values> 0.05). CONCLUSIONS low serum vitamin D could be involved in reducing HDL-C and increasing HbA1c and thus it may increase cardiovascular risk in subjects with NCCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad J Alkhatatbeh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan.
| | - Noor A Amara
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Khalid K Abdul-Razzak
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
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94
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Gupta R, Behera C, Paudwal G, Rawat N, Baldi A, Gupta PN. Recent Advances in Formulation Strategies for Efficient Delivery of Vitamin D. AAPS PharmSciTech 2018; 20:11. [PMID: 30560516 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-018-1231-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Deficiency of vitamin D is a global concern affecting a huge number of human populations. This deficiency has a serious impact on human health not only affecting bone mineral density but also becoming the reason for cardiovascular disorders, infectious diseases, autoimmune diseases and cancers. Exposure to sunlight is the major source of vitamin D, but due to the present day-to-day lifestyle of working in a shade arouses the need for exogenous sources of vitamin D. Ergocalciferol (vitamin D2) and cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) are the two major forms of vitamin D, which are hydrophobic in nature and highly susceptible to environmental conditions, like temperature and light. Therefore, novel drug delivery systems could be explored for efficient delivery of vitamin D. In this review, a brief account of vitamin D is provided followed by a detailed description of recent advances in various delivery systems, including solid lipid nanoparticles, nanoemulsion, self-emulsifying drug delivery systems, polymeric nanoparticles and solid dispersion, for the efficient delivery of vitamin D.
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Interleukin 1-β, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist and vitamin D levels in children with atopic dermatitis. Cent Eur J Immunol 2018; 43:180-185. [PMID: 30135631 PMCID: PMC6102616 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2018.77388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Among the broad spectrum of cytokines, interleukin 1-β (IL-1β) has been implicated in induction and subsequent aggravation of skin lesions in atopic dermatitis (AD). A considerable body of evidence suggests that vitamin D status also influences the risk and/or severity of AD. Material and methods Fifty-seven children suffering from mild to severe AD were enrolled in the study. The control group consisted of 33 matched healthy children. In all the children serum concentrations of IL-1β/IL-1F2 and the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist IL-Ra/1F3 were measured. Serum 25(OH)D concentration was obtained for 49 patients with AD and all healthy children. Results In children with AD 59.2% of children had insufficiency, 24.5% had deficiency and 16.3% had a sufficient serum 25(OH)D level. In the control group 26.5%, 52.9% and 20% of participants had insufficiency/deficiency/sufficiency of 25(OH)D, respectively. The severity of AD was positively correlated with total IgE level, percentage and absolute count of eosinophils and IL-1Ra. IL-1β correlated with IL-1Ra. Conclusions In children with AD the serum vitamin D level was lower than in healthy children. The correlation between severity of AD and IL-1Ra may prove that inflammasome-dependent IL-1β is involved in immunopathogenesis of the disease. Further studies are needed on a larger population of children to confirm the role of this cytokine in development of AD.
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97
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Çerman AA, Karabay EA, Altunay IK, Cesur SK. Vitamin D levels in actinic keratosis: a preliminary study. An Bras Dermatol 2018; 93:535-538. [PMID: 30066760 PMCID: PMC6063125 DOI: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20186999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies that investigated the effect of vitamin D on skin cancer risk have exhibited inconsistent results. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to evaluate vitamin D status in patients with actinic keratosis. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on 31 patients with actinic keratosis and 29 healthy controls. Serum vitamin D levels in the study group were determined by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS Serum 25(OH)D levels in patients with actinic keratosis were significantly higher than those of the healthy controls (P=0.04). Prevalence of 25(OH)D deficiency was significantly higher in the healthy controls (75.9%) compared to the patients with actinic keratosis (54.8%), but the difference was not statistically significant (P= 0.09). STUDY LIMITATIONS The cross-sectional design of the study, data on smoking based on patient self-report, and subjects' different dietary habits, which can influence 25(OH)D levels, are the study's limitations. CONCLUSION Serum vitamin D level can be used as a marker for ultraviolet B radiation from sun exposure; therefore, it can be used in individuals at risk of actinic keratosis. Oral intake of vitamin D through diet or supplements is proposed instead of prolonged ultraviolet exposure to maintain adequate vitamin D serum levels. Further research is needed to elucidate the role of vitamin D in skin carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aslı Aksu Çerman
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Şişli
Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Health Science University, Istanbul,
Turkey
| | - Ezgi Aktaş Karabay
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine,
Bahçeşehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ilknur Kivanc Altunay
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Şişli
Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Health Science University, Istanbul,
Turkey
| | - Seher Küçükoğlu Cesur
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medicalpark
Bahçelievler Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Mean platelet volume is associated with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Heart Vessels 2018; 33:1275-1281. [PMID: 29725754 PMCID: PMC6208647 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-018-1182-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
There is little published data on the association of platelet function and 25(OH)D concentration. We investigated the associations between mean platelet volume (MPV) and 25(OH)D concentration in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Study population was divided into three groups: group 1-25(OH)D < 10 ng/mL (N = 22), group 2-25(OH)D 10-20 ng/mL (N = 42), and group 3-25(OH)D > 20 ng/mL (N = 14). Study groups shared similar demographics. MPV values were the highest in group 1, moderate in group 2, and the lowest in group 3 (11.1 vs 10.4 vs 9.8 fL P < 0.001). There was a negative correlation between MPV and 25(OH)D (R = - 0.38, P = 0.001). ROC analysis demonstrated a moderate predictive value (AUC 0.70) in identifying the discrimination thresholds of MPV (> 10.5 fL) for vitamin D deficiency and a weak predictive value (AUC 0.65) in identifying the discrimination thresholds of 25(OH)D concentration (≤ 15.5 ng/mL) for the presence of large platelets (MPV over the upper limit of normal). In conclusion, even though the effect of vitamin D on platelet size and function is probably multifactorial, our study provides further evidence linking vitamin D to thrombosis and hemostasis. Platelets are another potential element through which vitamin D deficiency could exert adverse cardiovascular outcomes.
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99
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The Vitamin D⁻Folate Hypothesis as an Evolutionary Model for Skin Pigmentation: An Update and Integration of Current Ideas. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10050554. [PMID: 29710859 PMCID: PMC5986434 DOI: 10.3390/nu10050554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is unique in being generated in our skin following ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure. Ongoing research into vitamin D must therefore always consider the influence of UVR on vitamin D processes. The close relationship between vitamin D and UVR forms the basis of the “vitamin D–folate hypothesis”, a popular theory for why human skin colour has evolved as an apparent adaption to UVR environments. Vitamin D and folate have disparate sensitivities to UVR; whilst vitamin D may be synthesised following UVR exposure, folate may be degraded. The vitamin D–folate hypothesis proposes that skin pigmentation has evolved as a balancing mechanism, maintaining levels of these vitamins. There are several alternative theories that counter the vitamin D–folate hypothesis. However, there is significant overlap between these theories and the now known actions of vitamin D and folate in the skin. The focus of this review is to present an update on the vitamin D–folate hypothesis by integrating these current theories and discussing new evidence that supports associations between vitamin D and folate genetics, UVR, and skin pigmentation. In light of recent human migrations and seasonality in disease, the need for ongoing research into potential UVR-responsive processes within the body is also discussed.
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100
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Gerkowicz A, Chyl-Surdacka K, Krasowska D, Chodorowska G. The Role of Vitamin D in Non-Scarring Alopecia. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E2653. [PMID: 29215595 PMCID: PMC5751255 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18122653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Revised: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-scarring hair loss is a common problem that affects both male and female patients. Since any disturbances in the hair follicle cycle may lead to hair shedding, or alopecia, it is not surprising that the possible role of vitamin D in alopecia was investigated in many studies. Vitamin D has been shown to have many important functions. A growing body of evidence shows that vitamin D and its receptor are responsible for maintaining not only calcium homeostasis but also skin homeostasis. Moreover, vitamin D could also regulate cutaneous innate and adaptive immunity. This paper presents a review of current literature considering the role of vitamin D in alopecia areata, telogen effluvium, and female pattern hair loss. The majority of studies revealed decreased serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in patients with different types of non-scarring alopecia, which could suggest its potential role in the pathogenesis of hair loss. According to the authors, vitamin D supplementation could be a therapeutic option for patients with alopecia areata, female pattern hair loss, or telogen effluvium. However, further studies on a larger group of patients are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Gerkowicz
- Chair and Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Paediatric Dermatology, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 13, 20-080 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Chyl-Surdacka
- Chair and Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Paediatric Dermatology, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 13, 20-080 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Dorota Krasowska
- Chair and Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Paediatric Dermatology, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 13, 20-080 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Grażyna Chodorowska
- Chair and Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Paediatric Dermatology, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 13, 20-080 Lublin, Poland.
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