51
|
Roles for CD8 + T Cells and IL-10 in the Resolution of Paclitaxel-Induced Neuropathic Pain. J Neurosci 2018; 37:2803-2805. [PMID: 28298569 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3917-16.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
52
|
Zhu G, Liu X, Fang Y, Zhai B, Xu R, Han G, Chen G, Xiao H, Hou C, Shen B, Li Y, Iwakura Y, Wang L, Jiang Z, Ma N, Liu G, Wang R. Increased mTOR cancels out the effect of reduced Xbp-1 on antibody secretion in IL-1α-deficient B cells. Cell Immunol 2018; 328:9-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2018.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
53
|
Houschyar KS, Chelliah MP, Rein S, Maan ZN, Weissenberg K, Duscher D, Branski LK, Siemers F. Role of Wnt signaling during inflammation and sepsis: A review of the literature. Int J Artif Organs 2018; 41:247-253. [PMID: 29562813 DOI: 10.1177/0391398818762357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Despite the development of modern intensive care and new antimicrobial agents, the mortality of patients with severe sepsis and septic shock remains high. Systemic inflammation is a consequence of activation of the innate immune system. It is characterized by the intravascular release of proinflammatory cytokines and other vasoactive mediators, with concurrent activation of innate immune cells. The Wnt signaling pathway plays a critical role in the development of multicellular organisms. Abnormal Wnt signaling has been associated with many human diseases, ranging from inflammation and degenerative diseases to cancer. This article reviews the accumulating evidence that the Wnt signaling pathway plays a distinct role in inflammation and sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khosrow Siamak Houschyar
- 1 Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Burn Unit, Trauma Center Bergmannstrost Halle, Halle, Germany
| | - Malcolm P Chelliah
- 2 Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Susanne Rein
- 1 Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Burn Unit, Trauma Center Bergmannstrost Halle, Halle, Germany
| | - Zeshaan N Maan
- 2 Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kristian Weissenberg
- 1 Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Burn Unit, Trauma Center Bergmannstrost Halle, Halle, Germany
| | - Dominik Duscher
- 3 Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ludwik K Branski
- 4 Department of Surgery, Shriners Hospital for Children-Galveston, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Frank Siemers
- 1 Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Burn Unit, Trauma Center Bergmannstrost Halle, Halle, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Zhiming W, Luman W, Tingting Q, Yiwei C. Chemokines and receptors in intestinal B lymphocytes. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 103:807-819. [PMID: 29443417 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.1ru0717-299rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies indicate that chemoattractant cytokines (chemokines) and their receptors modulate intestinal B lymphocytes in different ways, including regulating their maturity and differentiation in the bone marrow and homing to intestinal target tissues. Here, we review several important chemokine/chemokine receptor axes that guide intestinal B cells, focusing on the homing and migration of IgA antibody-secreting cells (IgA-ASCs) to intestinal-associated lymphoid tissues. We describe the selective regulation of these chemokine axes in coordinating the IgA-ASC trafficking in intestinal diseases. Finally, we discuss the role of B cells as chemokine producers serving dual roles in regulating the mucosal immune microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wang Zhiming
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wang Luman
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Biotherapy Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Tingting
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chu Yiwei
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Biotherapy Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Liu Y, Zhan F, Zhang X, Lin S. Toll-like receptor-9 is involved in the development of B cell stimulating factor-induced systemic lupus erythematosus. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:585-591. [PMID: 29387207 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to investigate the role of Toll-like receptor (TLR)-9 in B lymphocyte stimulating factor (BLyS)-induced systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in mice. The anti-double stranded (ds)DNA antibody titer, levels of complement proteins (C3 and C4), interleukin (IL)-10 and the disease activity [assessed by the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) level] were measured. A total of 21 transgenic female mice (aged 8-10 weeks and weighing 30-40 g) expressing the Epstein-Barr virus membrane antigen, BLLF1, were studied. Mice were randomly divided into the control, the BLyS inhibition and the TLR-9 inhibition groups, with 7 mice in each group. Mice in the blank control group received intraperitoneal injections of normal saline, mice in the BLyS inhibition group received intraperitoneal injections of anti-BR3 monoclonal antibody (5,000 ng/day) and mice in the TLR-9 inhibition group received intraperitoneal injections of anti-human TLR-9 antibody (250 ng/day). The treatment regimens continued for 10 days, followed by the collection of peripheral venous blood. The relative levels of TLR-9 mRNA were measured by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Furthermore, the BLyS protein concentration and IL-10 levels were measured by ELISA. TLR-9 mRNA, BLyS, IL-10, anti-dsDNA antibody titer, C3, C4, ESR and CRP levels of the blank control group were significantly higher than those of the other two groups (P<0.05). The differences in comparison of these indexes between the BLyS inhibition and TLR-9 inhibition groups were not statistically significant (P>0.05), with the exception of TLR-9 mRNA and BLyS. In conclusion, the TLR-9 signaling pathway may be important for BLyS-induced SLE, and regulation of the inflammatory immune level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Graduate School of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China.,Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Guangdong General Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China.,Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, Hainan 570000, P.R. China
| | - Feng Zhan
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, Hainan 570000, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Graduate School of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China.,Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Guangdong General Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Shudian Lin
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, Hainan 570000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Lai KSP, Liu CS, Rau A, Lanctôt KL, Köhler CA, Pakosh M, Carvalho AF, Herrmann N. Peripheral inflammatory markers in Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 175 studies. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2017; 88:876-882. [PMID: 28794151 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2017-316201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 286] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Increasing evidence suggests that inflammation is involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. This study quantitatively summarised the data on peripheral inflammatory markers in patients with AD compared with healthy controls (HC). METHODS Original reports containing measurements of peripheral inflammatory markers in AD patients and HC were included for meta-analysis. Standardised mean differences were calculated using a random effects model. Meta-regression and exploration of heterogeneity was performed using publication year, age, gender, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores, plasma versus serum measurements and immunoassay type. RESULTS A total of 175 studies were combined to review 51 analytes in 13 344 AD and 12 912 HC patients. Elevated peripheral interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-18, interferon-γ, homocysteine, high-sensitivity C reactive protein, C-X-C motif chemokine-10, epidermal growth factor, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α converting enzyme, soluble TNF receptors 1 and 2, α1-antichymotrypsin and decreased IL-1 receptor antagonist and leptin were found in patients with AD compared with HC. IL-6 levels were inversely correlated with mean MMSE scores. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that AD is accompanied by a peripheral inflammatory response and that IL-6 may be a useful biological marker to correlate with the severity of cognitive impairment. Further studies are needed to determine the clinical utility of these markers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ka Sing P Lai
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Celina S Liu
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Allison Rau
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Krista L Lanctôt
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Departments of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cristiano A Köhler
- Translational Psychiatry Research Group and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Maureen Pakosh
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - André F Carvalho
- Translational Psychiatry Research Group and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Nathan Herrmann
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Departments of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Zeng C, Fang C, Weng H, Xu X, Wu T, Li W. B-cell lymphocyte kinase polymorphisms rs13277113, rs2736340, and rs4840568 and risk of autoimmune diseases: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e7855. [PMID: 28885337 PMCID: PMC6392982 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000007855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND B-cell lymphocyte kinase (BLK) is an inhibitor of B cells that has an important influence on several autoimmune diseases, but there is a lack of comprehensive analysis of its association with autoimmune diseases. Hence, it is meaningful to conduct a comprehensive analysis. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed on the PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science databases up to June 30, 2016. The data were extracted and quality-assessed before conducting the meta-analysis. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were assessed with the STATA version 12.0 software. Subgroup and sensitivity analysis were conducted to explore potential sources of heterogeneity. RESULTS Altogether, 33 studies with 68,874 cases and 90,684 controls, 24 studies with 31,095 cases and 39,077 controls for rs13277113, 21 studies with 26,388 cases and 40,635 controls for rs2736340, and 4 studies with 11,391 cases and 10,972 controls for rs4840568 were included in this meta-analysis. The results revealed that the BLK rs13277113 and rs2736340 polymorphisms increased the risk of autoimmune diseases in the total analysis (A vs G: OR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.27-1.39, P < .01; T vs C: OR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.27-1.41, P < .01), and rs4840568 was positively associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (A vs G: OR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.22-1.43, P = .01). CONCLUSION This meta-analysis shows that the BLK (rs13277113, rs2736340, rs4840568) polymorphisms may be a risk factor for developing autoimmune diseases, especially for Asian populations and SLE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Zeng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University
| | - Cheng Fang
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Weng
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoqing Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University
| | - Tianyang Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University
| | - Wenhua Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Cecil JD, O'Brien-Simpson NM, Lenzo JC, Holden JA, Singleton W, Perez-Gonzalez A, Mansell A, Reynolds EC. Outer Membrane Vesicles Prime and Activate Macrophage Inflammasomes and Cytokine Secretion In Vitro and In Vivo. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1017. [PMID: 28890719 PMCID: PMC5574916 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are proteoliposomes blebbed from the surface of Gram-negative bacteria. Chronic periodontitis is associated with an increase in subgingival plaque of Gram-negative bacteria, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and Tannerella forsythia. In this study, we investigated the immune-modulatory effects of P. gingivalis, T. denticola, and T. forsythia OMVs on monocytes and differentiated macrophages. All of the bacterial OMVs were phagocytosed by monocytes, M(naïve) and M(IFNγ) macrophages in a dose-dependent manner. They also induced NF-κB activation and increased TNFα, IL-8, and IL-1β cytokine secretion. P. gingivalis OMVs were also found to induce anti-inflammatory IL-10 secretion. Although unprimed monocytes and macrophages were resistant to OMV-induced cell death, lipopolysaccharide or OMV priming resulted in a significantly reduced cell viability. P. gingivalis, T. denticola, and T. forsythia OMVs all activated inflammasome complexes, as monitored by IL-1β secretion and ASC speck formation. ASC was critical for OMV-induced inflammasome formation, while AIM2-/- and Caspase-1-/- cells had significantly reduced inflammasome formation and NLRP3-/- cells exhibited a slight reduction. OMVs were also found to provide both priming and activation of the inflammasome complex. High-resolution microscopy and flow cytometry showed that P. gingivalis OMVs primed and activated macrophage inflammasomes in vivo with 80% of macrophages exhibiting inflammasome complex formation. In conclusion, periodontal pathogen OMVs were found to have significant immunomodulatory effects upon monocytes and macrophages and should therefore influence pro-inflammatory host responses associated with disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica D Cecil
- Oral Health CRC, Melbourne Dental School, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Neil M O'Brien-Simpson
- Oral Health CRC, Melbourne Dental School, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jason C Lenzo
- Oral Health CRC, Melbourne Dental School, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - James A Holden
- Oral Health CRC, Melbourne Dental School, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - William Singleton
- Oral Health CRC, Melbourne Dental School, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Alexis Perez-Gonzalez
- Oral Health CRC, Melbourne Dental School, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ashley Mansell
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Eric C Reynolds
- Oral Health CRC, Melbourne Dental School, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Zheng Y, Ge W, Ma Y, Xie G, Wang W, Han L, Bian B, Li L, Shen L. miR-155 Regulates IL-10-Producing CD24 hiCD27 + B Cells and Impairs Their Function in Patients with Crohn's Disease. Front Immunol 2017; 8:914. [PMID: 28824639 PMCID: PMC5540954 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory interleukin-10 (IL-10)-producing B cells (B10 cells) play a critical role in preventing and curing autoimmune diseases in experimental mouse models. However, the precise cellular and molecular mechanisms of action of B10 cells in humans, especially in patients with Crohn's disease (CD), remain to be determined. miR-155 regulates many physiological and pathological conditions, including inflammation such as that in CD. In this study, we aimed to explore the effect of miRNA-155 on IL-10 production by B cells in healthy controls (HCs) and CD patients. Interestingly, we found that CD24hiCD27+ B cells express high levels of miRNA-155 and IL-10, which are positively correlated. Additionally, CD24hiCD27+ B cells express higher levels of Toll-like receptor 9 than those found in other B cell subsets. Overexpression of miRNA-155 promotes IL-10 production, while inhibition of miRNA-155 decreases IL-10 production. We determined that miR-155 directly inhibits the expression of Jarid2, which reduces H3K27me3 binding to the IL10 promoter and increases IL-10 gene expression. In coculture systems, the CD24hiCD27+ B cells from HCs suppressed the secretion of TNFα and IFNγ by monocytes and T cells, respectively. However, the number and function of CD24hiCD27+ B cells from CD patients were decreased. Moreover, we found that miR-155 induces CD24hiCD27+ B cells to produce higher levels of TNFα instead of IL-10 in CD patients than in the controls and that the increased number of IL-10+TNFα+ B cells reduces the induction of Foxp3 expression and the inhibition of IFNγ production by CD4+CD25- T cells, as well as TNFα production by monocytes. Our study demonstrates the critical role of miRNA-155 in the regulation of IL-10 production by B cells and reveals the novel molecular mechanism underlying the functional impairment of B10 cells in CD patients. Our study has the potential to drive the development of B10 cell-based strategies to ameliorate disease progression in CD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingxia Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Biliary Tract Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wensong Ge
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanhui Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guohua Xie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Han
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bingxian Bian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lisong Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Reich RR, Lengacher CA, Klein TW, Newton C, Shivers S, Ramesar S, Alinat CB, Paterson C, Le A, Park JY, Johnson-Mallard V, Elias M, Moscoso M, Goodman M, Kip KE. A Randomized Controlled Trial of the Effects of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR[BC]) on Levels of Inflammatory Biomarkers Among Recovering Breast Cancer Survivors. Biol Res Nurs 2017; 19:456-464. [PMID: 28460534 DOI: 10.1177/1099800417707268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this substudy of a large randomized controlled trial was to evaluate the efficacy of the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (Breast Cancer) (MBSR[BC]) program compared to usual care (UC) in normalizing blood levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines among breast cancer survivors (BCS). METHOD A total of 322 BCS were randomized to either a 6-week MBSR(BC) program or a UC. At baseline and 6 and 12 weeks, 10 ml of venous blood and demographic and clinical data were collected and/or updated. Plasma cytokines (interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor [TNF] α, transforming growth factor [TGF] β1, soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor [sTNFR] 1) were assayed. Linear mixed models were used to assess cytokine levels across three time points (baseline and 6 and 12 weeks) by group (MBSR[BC] vs. UC). RESULTS Of the six measured cytokines, three were nondetectable at rates greater than 50% (IL-10, IL-1β, TGF-β1) and, because of overall low prevalence, were not analyzed further. For the remaining cytokines (TNFα, IL-6, sTNFR1), results showed that TNFα and IL-6 increased during the follow-up period (between 6 and 12 weeks) rather than during the MBSR(BC) training period (between baseline and 6 weeks), while sTNFR1 levels did not change significantly across the 12-week period. CONCLUSIONS Study results suggest that MBSR(BC) affects cytokine levels in BCS, mainly with increases in TNFα and IL-6. The data further suggest that B-cell modulation may be a part of immune recovery during breast cancer management and that increases in TNFα and IL-6 may be markers for MBSR(BC)-related recovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard R Reich
- 1 Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | | | - Thomas W Klein
- 3 Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Cathy Newton
- 3 Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Steve Shivers
- 4 Breast Health Clinical and Research Integrated Strategic Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Sophia Ramesar
- 2 College of Nursing, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Carissa B Alinat
- 2 College of Nursing, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | | | - Alice Le
- 2 College of Nursing, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jong Y Park
- 1 Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | | | - Maya Elias
- 2 College of Nursing, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Manolete Moscoso
- 2 College of Nursing, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Matthew Goodman
- 7 Department of Internal Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Kevin E Kip
- 8 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Liu F, Lu X, Dai W, Lu Y, Li C, Du S, Chen Y, Weng D, Chen J. IL-10-Producing B Cells Regulate T Helper Cell Immune Responses during 1,3-β-Glucan-Induced Lung Inflammation. Front Immunol 2017; 8:414. [PMID: 28428789 PMCID: PMC5382153 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
With the rapid development of industry and farm, fungi contamination widely exists in occupational environment. Inhalation of fungi-contaminated organic dust results in hypersensitivity pneumonitis. 1,3-β-Glucan is a major cell wall component of fungus and is considered as a biomarker of fungi exposure. Current studies showed that 1,3-β-glucan exposure induced lung inflammation, which involved uncontrolled T helper (Th) cell immune responses, such as Th1, Th2, Th17, and regulatory T cell (Treg). A recently identified IL-10-producing B cells (B10) was reported in regulating immune homeostasis. However, its regulatory role in hypersensitivity pneumonitis is still subject to debate. In our study, we comprehensively investigated the role of B10 and the relationship between B10 and Treg in 1,3-β-glucan-induced lung inflammation. Mice with insufficient B10 exhibited more inflammatory cells accumulation and severer pathological inflammatory changes. Insufficient B10 led to increasing Th1, Th2, and Th17 responses and restricted Treg function. Depletion of Treg before the onset of inflammation could suppress B10. Whereas, Treg depletion only at the late stage of inflammation failed to affect B10. Our study demonstrated that insufficient B10 aggravated the lung inflammation mediated by dynamic shifts in Th immune responses after 1,3-β-glucan exposure. The regulatory function of B10 on Th immune responses might be associated with Treg and IL-10. Treg could only interact with B10 at an early stage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangwei Liu
- Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaowei Lu
- Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wujing Dai
- Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yiping Lu
- Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chao Li
- Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Sitong Du
- Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dong Weng
- Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Local Delivery of the Toll-Like Receptor 9 Ligand CpG Downregulates Host Immune and Inflammatory Responses, Ameliorating Established Leishmania (Viannia) panamensis Chronic Infection. Infect Immun 2017; 85:IAI.00981-16. [PMID: 28052994 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00981-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection by Leishmania (Viannia) panamensis, the predominant etiologic agent for cutaneous leishmaniasis in Colombia, is characterized by a chronic mixed inflammatory response. Current treatment options are plagued by toxicity, lengthy treatment regimens, and growing evidence of drug resistance. Immunotherapy, modulating the immune system to mount a protective response, may provide an alternate therapeutic approach. We investigated the ability of the Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) ligand CpG to modulate established disease in the L (V) panamensis mouse model. Treatment of established infection with a high dose (50 μg) of CpG ameliorated disease and lowered parasite burden. Interestingly, immediately after treatment there was a significant increase in transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) and concomitantly an increase in T regulatory cell (Treg) function. Although a general reduction in cell-mediated immune cytokine and chemokine (gamma interferon [IFN-γ], interleukin 10 [IL-10], IL-13, IL-6, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor [GM-CSF], IL-4, and MIP-1α) responses of the treated mice was observed, certain chemokines (RANTES, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1[MCP-1], and IP-10) were increased. Further, in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis, CpG treatment similarly exhibited a dose-response effect on the production of IFN-γ, IL-17, IL-10, and IL-13, with reductions observed at higher doses. To further understand the underlying mechanisms and cell populations driving the CpG mediated response, we examined the ex vivo dose effects mediated by the TLR9+ cell populations (dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells) found to accumulate labeled CpG in vivo Notably, B cells altered the production of IL-17, IL-13, and IFN-γ, supporting a role for B cells functioning as antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and/or regulatory cells during infection. Interestingly, B cells have been previously demonstrated as a primary type of APC in patients infected with L (V) panamensis and thus may be useful targets of immunotherapy. Collectively, our results show that CpG-induced immune regulation leads to a dampening of the host immune response and healing in the mouse model, and it may provide an alternate approach to treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by L (V) panamensis.
Collapse
|
63
|
Jang HM, Kang GD, Van Le TK, Lim SM, Jang DS, Kim DH. 4-Methoxylonchocarpin attenuates inflammation by inhibiting lipopolysaccharide binding to Toll-like receptor of macrophages and M1 macrophage polarization. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 45:90-97. [PMID: 28189973 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The roots of Abrus precatorius (AP, Fabaceae) have traditionally been used in Vietnam and China for the treatment of inflammatory diseases such as stomatitis, asthma, bronchitis, and hepatitis. Therefore, in this study, we isolated 4-methoxylonchocarpin (ML), an anti-inflammatory compound present in AP, and studied its anti-inflammatory effects in mice with 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis. In lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages, ML was found to inhibit nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin (IL)-6 expression by inhibiting LPS binding to Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in vitro. Oral administration of ML in mice with TNBS-induced colitis suppressed colon shortening and colonic myeloperoxidase activity. ML treatment significantly inhibited the activation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB and phosphorylation of transforming growth factor β-activated kinase 1 in the colon. Treatment with ML also inhibited TNBS-induced expression of IL-1β, IL-17A, and TNF. While ML reduced the TNBS-induced expression of M1 macrophage markers such as arginase-2 and TNF, it was found to increase the expression of M2 macrophage markers such as arginase-1 and IL-10. In conclusion, oral administration of ML attenuated colitis in mice by inhibiting the binding of LPS to TLR4 on immune cells and increasing the polarization of M1 macrophages to M2 macrophages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Min Jang
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Geum-Dan Kang
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Thi Kim Van Le
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Min Lim
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Sik Jang
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Abstract
The three common themes that underlie the induction and perpetuation of autoimmunity are genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and immune regulation. Environmental factors have gained much attention for their role in triggering autoimmunity, with increasing evidence of their influence as demonstrated by epidemiological studies, laboratory research, and animal studies. Environmental factors known to trigger and perpetuate autoimmunity include infections, gut microbiota, as well as physical and environmental agents. To address these issues, we will review major potential mechanisms that underlie autoimmunity including molecular mimicry, epitope spreading, bystander activation, polyclonal activation of B and T cells, infections, and autoinflammatory activation of innate immunity. The association of the gut microbiota on autoimmunity will be particularly highlighted by their interaction with pharmaceutical agents that may lead to organ-specific autoimmunity. Nonetheless, and we will emphasize this point, the precise mechanism of environmental influence on disease pathogenesis remains elusive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annarosa Floreani
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani, 2, 35128, Padova, Italy.
| | - Patrick S C Leung
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani, 2, 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - M Eric Gershwin
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Liu Y, Gong Y, Qu C, Zhang Y, You R, Yu N, Lu G, Huang Y, Zhang H, Gao Y, Gao Y, Guo X. CD32b expression is down-regulated on double-negative memory B cells in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 440:1-7. [PMID: 27832986 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Inhibitory CD32b receptors on B cells are critical for humoral immunity. The humoral response plays a role in the pathogenesis of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). This study aimed to investigate B cell subset distribution and CD32b expression within these subsets in HT patients. B cell subset distribution and CD32b expression were analyzed in 60 HT patients and 21 healthy donors. Subset distribution and CD32b expression following stimulation with α-Ig and α-CD40 were also assessed. The percentage of double-negative (DN) memory cells was increased in the HT patients, while the expression level of CD32b on DN memory cells was decreased. Redistribution of B cell subsets was detected in response to stimulation with α-Ig. In addition, the expression level of CD32b was reduced following α-CD40 stimulation. These results suggest that abnormal B cell subset distribution and decreased CD32b expression on DN memory cells might be involved in the pathogenesis of HT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yalei Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, PR China.
| | - Yan Gong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, PR China.
| | - Chenxue Qu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, PR China.
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, PR China.
| | - Ran You
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, PR China.
| | - Nan Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, PR China.
| | - Guizhi Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, PR China.
| | - Youyuan Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, PR China.
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, PR China.
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, PR China.
| | - Yanming Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, PR China.
| | - Xiaohui Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Bankó Z, Pozsgay J, Szili D, Tóth M, Gáti T, Nagy G, Rojkovich B, Sármay G. Induction and Differentiation of IL-10-Producing Regulatory B Cells from Healthy Blood Donors and Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 198:1512-1520. [PMID: 28087671 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The most important feature of B cells is the production of Abs upon activation; additionally, B cells produce pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in response to certain stimuli. IL-10-producing B cells represent a major subset of regulatory B cells (Bregs) that suppress autoimmune and inflammatory responses. B cells play a crucial role in the development and maintenance of the chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease rheumatoid arthritis (RA); however, controversial data are available on IL-10- producing Bregs in RA. Our aim was to identify the optimal conditions that induce IL-10+ Bregs and, furthermore, to shed light on the signaling pathways that are responsible for their expansion. The results show that dual stimulation by CpG and CD40L for 48 h is optimal for IL-10 induction, and this can be synergistically boosted by IL-21. We identified the CD19+CD27+ memory B cell population as the major source of IL-10+ Bregs. We detected significantly fewer CD19+CD27+IL-10+ cells in RA patients compared with healthy controls, and these were functionally defective in suppressing IFN-γ production by CD4+ T cells in coculture. IL-21 drastically increased the number of IL-10+ Bregs within the CD19+CD27+ and CD19+CD27- populations; furthermore, it induced the appearance of IL-10+Blimp-1+ plasmablasts. Monitoring the phosphorylation of key signaling molecules revealed that activation of ERK, p38, and CREB is indispensable for the induction of IL-10 production, whereas phosphorylation of STAT3 further enhances IL-10 expression in human Bregs. We conclude that CREB and STAT3 are the key transcription factors responsible for the expansion and differentiation of human IL-10-producing Bregs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Bankó
- Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, 1117 Hungary
| | - Judit Pozsgay
- Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, 1117 Hungary
| | - Dániel Szili
- Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, 1117 Hungary
| | - Mária Tóth
- Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, 1117 Hungary
| | - Tamás Gáti
- Buda Hospital of Hospitaller Brothers of St. John, Budapest, 1023 Hungary; and
| | - György Nagy
- Buda Hospital of Hospitaller Brothers of St. John, Budapest, 1023 Hungary; and.,Department of Rheumatology, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1023 Hungary
| | | | - Gabriella Sármay
- Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, 1117 Hungary;
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Biragyn A, Aliseychik M, Rogaev E. Potential importance of B cells in aging and aging-associated neurodegenerative diseases. Semin Immunopathol 2017; 39:283-294. [PMID: 28083646 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-016-0615-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Our understanding of B cells as merely antibody producers is slowly changing. Alone or in concert with antibody, they control outcomes of seemingly different diseases such as cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, and multiple sclerosis. While their role in activation of effector immune cells is beneficial in cancer but bad in autoimmune diseases, their immunosuppressive and regulatory subsets (Bregs) inhibit autoimmune and anticancer responses. These pathogenic and suppressive functions are not static and appear to be regulated by the nature and strength of inflammation. Although aging increases inflammation and changes the composition and function of B cells, surprisingly, little is known whether the change affects aging-associated neurodegenerative disease, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, by analyzing B cells in cancer and autoimmune and neuroinflammatory diseases, we elucidate their potential importance in AD and other aging-associated neuroinflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arya Biragyn
- Immunoregulation section, National Institute on Aging, 251 Bayview Blvd, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
| | - Maria Aliseychik
- Brudnick Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Evgeny Rogaev
- Brudnick Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.,Department of Genomics and Human Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of General Genetics, Moscow, Russia.,Center for Brain Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Novosibirsk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Nishikawa Y, Kajiura Y, Lew JH, Kido JI, Nagata T, Naruishi K. Calprotectin Induces IL-6 and MCP-1 Production via Toll-Like Receptor 4 Signaling in Human Gingival Fibroblasts. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:1862-1871. [PMID: 27925202 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Calprotectin, a heterodimer of S100A8 and S100A9 molecules, is associated with inflammatory diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease. We have reported that calprotectin levels in gingival crevicular fluids of periodontitis patients are significantly higher than in healthy subjects. However, the functions of calprotectin in pathophysiology of periodontitis are still unknown. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of calprotectin on the productivity of inflammatory cytokines in human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). The HGFs cell line CRL-2014® (ATCC) were cultured, and total RNAs were collected to examine the expression of TLR2/4 and RAGE mRNA using RT-PCR. After the cells were treated with S100A8, S100A9, and calprotectin, supernatants were collected and the levels of IL-6 and MCP-1 were measured using ELISA methods. To examine the intracellular signals involved in calprotectin-induced cytokine production, several chemical inhibitors were used. Furthermore, after the siRNA-mediated TLR4 down-regulated cells were treated with S100A8, S100A9, and calprotectin, the levels of IL-6 and MCP-1 were also measured. HGFs showed greater expression of TLR4 mRNA, but not TLR2 and RAGE mRNA compared with human oral epithelial cells. Calprotectin increased significantly the production of MCP-1 and IL-6 in HGFs, and the cytokine productions were significantly suppressed in the cells treated with MAPKs, NF-κB, and TLR4 inhibitors. Furthermore, calprotectin-mediated MCP-1 and IL-6 production were significantly suppressed in TLR4 down-regulated cells. Taken together, calprotectin induces IL-6 and MCP-1 production in HGFs via TLR4 signaling that involves MAPK and NF-κB, resulting in the progression of periodontitis. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 1862-1871, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasufumi Nishikawa
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yukari Kajiura
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Jung Hwan Lew
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Kido
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Nagata
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Koji Naruishi
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
|
70
|
Sung N, Byeon H, Garcia MS, Skariah A, Wu L, Dambaeva S, Beaman K, Gilman-Sachs A, Kwak-Kim J. Deficiency in memory B cell compartment in a patient with infertility and recurrent pregnancy losses. J Reprod Immunol 2016; 118:70-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
71
|
The Role of TLR4 on B Cell Activation and Anti- β2GPI Antibody Production in the Antiphospholipid Syndrome. J Immunol Res 2016; 2016:1719720. [PMID: 27868072 PMCID: PMC5102736 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1719720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
High titer of anti-β2-glycoprotein I antibodies (anti-β2GPI Ab) plays a pathogenic role in antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). Numerous studies have focused on the pathological mechanism in APS; however, little attention is paid to the immune mechanism of production of anti-β2GPI antibodies in APS. Our previous study demonstrated that Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) plays a vital role in the maturation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) from the mice immunized with human β2-glycoprotein I (β2GPI). TLR4 is required for the activation of B cells and the production of autoantibody in mice treated with β2GPI. However, TLR4 provides a third signal for B cell activation and then promotes B cells better receiving signals from both B cell antigen receptor (BCR) and CD40, thus promoting B cell activation, surface molecules expression, anti-β2GPI Ab production, and cytokines secretion and making B cell functioning like an antigen presenting cell (APC). At the same time, TLR4 also promotes B cells producing antibodies by upregulating the expression of B-cell activating factor (BAFF). In this paper, we aim to review the functions of TLR4 in B cell immune response and antibody production in autoimmune disease APS and try to find a new way for the prevention and treatment of APS.
Collapse
|
72
|
Moreno Torres I, García-Merino A. Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies in multiple sclerosis. Expert Rev Neurother 2016; 17:359-371. [DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2017.1245616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Moreno Torres
- Neuroimmunology unit, Neurology department, Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio García-Merino
- Neuroimmunology unit, Neurology department, Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Fraussen J, de Bock L, Somers V. B cells and antibodies in progressive multiple sclerosis: Contribution to neurodegeneration and progression. Autoimmun Rev 2016; 15:896-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2016.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
74
|
Tannetta D, Masliukaite I, Vatish M, Redman C, Sargent I. Update of syncytiotrophoblast derived extracellular vesicles in normal pregnancy and preeclampsia. J Reprod Immunol 2016; 119:98-106. [PMID: 27613663 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2016.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The release of extracellular vesicles (EV) by the syncytiotrophoblast (STB) may be an important mechanism by which the placenta signals to the mother. STB derived EV (STBEV) are comprised predominantly of exosomes (50-150nm) and microvesicles (100-1000nm) that contain bioactive mediators such as proteins, nucleic acids and lipids. They, along with larger syncytial nuclear aggregates are released by the STB into the maternal circulation throughout gestation in normal pregnancy where they appear to have an immunoregulatory role, inhibiting T cell and NK cell responses. In pre-eclampsia (PE) STBEV are released in significantly increased numbers and have pro-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic and procoagulant activity, implicating them in the maternal systemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction and activation of the clotting system which typifies the disorder. Research has focused on understanding the biological significance of STBEV by measuring their size and repertoire of molecules carried and how they differ in normal pregnancy and PE, using techniques such as Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis, flow cytometry and mass spectrometry. We have also found alterations in STBEV surface glycans associated with PE. The goal is to better understand the role STBEV play in normal pregnancy and PE and whether they are potential biomarkers of placental pathology and therapeutic targets in PE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dionne Tannetta
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, PO Box 226, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AP, UK.
| | - Ieva Masliukaite
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, TKsO-266, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Manu Vatish
- Nuffield Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK.
| | - Christopher Redman
- Nuffield Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK.
| | - Ian Sargent
- Nuffield Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Human effector B lymphocytes express ARID3a and secrete interferon alpha. J Autoimmun 2016; 75:130-140. [PMID: 27522115 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we determined that enhanced disease activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was associated with dramatic increases in numbers of B lymphocytes expressing the transcription factor ARID3a. Our data now indicate ARID3a is important for interferon alpha (IFNa) expression and show a strong association between ARID3a expression and transcription of genes associated with lupus IFN signatures. Furthermore, both ARID3a and IFNa production were elicited in healthy control B cells upon stimulation with the TLR 9 agonist, CpG. Importantly, secretion of IFNa from ARID3a+ healthy B lymphocytes stimulated increased IFNa production in plasmacytoid dendritic cells. These data identify ARID3a+ B cells as a novel type of effector B cell, and link ARID3a expression in B lymphocytes to IFN-associated inflammatory responses in SLE.
Collapse
|
76
|
Le KS, Thibult ML, Just-Landi S, Pastor S, Gondois-Rey F, Granjeaud S, Broussais F, Bouabdallah R, Colisson R, Caux C, Ménétrier-Caux C, Leroux D, Xerri L, Olive D. Follicular B Lymphomas Generate Regulatory T Cells via the ICOS/ICOSL Pathway and Are Susceptible to Treatment by Anti-ICOS/ICOSL Therapy. Cancer Res 2016; 76:4648-60. [PMID: 27246829 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-0589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The prognosis of follicular lymphoma (FL) patients is suspected to be influenced by tumor-infiltrating regulatory T cells (Treg). The mechanism of Treg enrichment in FL and their impact on malignant FL B cells remains to be elucidated. We analyzed 46 fresh lymph node biopsy samples, including FL (n = 20), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (n = 10), classical Hodgkin lymphoma (n = 9), and reactive lymphadenitis (n = 7). Using multicolor flow cytometry and cell sorting, we observed an accumulation of CD25(high)CD127(low/neg) Tregs in FL tissues. These Tregs comprised activated ICOS(+) Tregs that were able to suppress not only conventional T cells, but also FL B cells. These FL B cells were able to express ICOSL in vitro and to generate CD25(high)FoxP3(high) Tregs expressing ICOS. Treg generation was associated with ICOS/ICOSL engagement and was abrogated by antagonist anti-ICOS and anti-ICOSL antibodies. Interactions between Tregs and FL B cells resulted in ICOSL downregulation on FL B cells. Our results highlight a key role for Tregs in FL pathogenesis and suggest that targeting the ICOS/ICOSL pathway may be a promising immunotherapy for FL treatment. Cancer Res; 76(16); 4648-60. ©2016 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kieu-Suong Le
- Centre de recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Inserm U1068/CNRS U7258, Marseille, France. Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Marie-Laure Thibult
- Centre de recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Inserm U1068/CNRS U7258, Marseille, France. Institut Paoli - Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | | | - Sonia Pastor
- Centre de recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Inserm U1068/CNRS U7258, Marseille, France
| | - Françoise Gondois-Rey
- Centre de recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Inserm U1068/CNRS U7258, Marseille, France
| | - Samuel Granjeaud
- Centre de recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Inserm U1068/CNRS U7258, Marseille, France
| | | | | | - Renaud Colisson
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Inserm U1052/CNRS 5286, Lyon, France
| | - Christophe Caux
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Inserm U1052/CNRS 5286, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Luc Xerri
- Centre de recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Inserm U1068/CNRS U7258, Marseille, France. Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France. Institut Paoli - Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Daniel Olive
- Centre de recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Inserm U1068/CNRS U7258, Marseille, France. Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France. Institut Paoli - Calmettes, Marseille, France.
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Ma Z, Liu G, Zhang M, Li M, Liu Y, Yanfang J. Helicobacter pylori Infection Increases Frequency of PDCA-1(+) (CD317(+)) B-cell Subsets. Arch Med Res 2016; 47:96-104. [PMID: 27133710 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS As a newly discovered B-cell subset, PDCA-1(+) B cells have been shown to participate in the immune clearance of invading pathogens. The prominence of PDCA-1(+) B cell immunity in the pathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori infection prompted us to explore the potential role of this subset in gastric H. pylori infection. METHODS H. pylori infection was determined by (14)C-urea breath test and Western blot. The frequency of the different sub-compartments of PDCA-1(+) B cells and their relation to serum cytokines was determined in 33 H. pylori-infected and 14 uninfected patients and in 12 healthy controls (HC). RESULTS In comparison to uninfected individuals, there was a significantly increased frequency of PDCA-1(+) B cells, PDCA-1(+)IgM(+) B cells, CD93(+)PDCA-1(+) B cells, CD93(+)PDCA-1(+)IgM(+) B cells, CD137(+)PDCA-1(+) B cells and CD137(+)PDCA-1(+)IgM(+) B cells were detected in patients with H. pylori infection, corresponding to increased levels of serum IFN-α and IgM in this group. Compared with H. pylori-positive (HP(+)) chronic non-atrophic gastritis patients, a larger proportion of PDCA-1(+) B cells, CD93(+)PDCA-1(+) B cells and CD137(+)PDCA-1(+) B cells were observed in HP(+) patients suffering from atrophic gastritis or HP(+) peptic ulcers. CONCLUSIONS The frequency of the PDCA-1(+) B cell compartment is increased during H. pylori infection. Our data support the potential role of this B-cell subset in the pathogenesis of H. pylori-dependent gastritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyang Ma
- The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Guangming Liu
- The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Manli Zhang
- The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Man Li
- The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Jiang Yanfang
- The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Wang JZ, Zhang YH, Guo XH, Zhang HY, Zhang Y. The double-edge role of B cells in mediating antitumor T-cell immunity: Pharmacological strategies for cancer immunotherapy. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 36:73-85. [PMID: 27111515 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence reveals the controversial role of B cells in antitumor immunity, but the underlying mechanisms have to be explored. Three latest articles published in the issue 521 of Nature in 2015 reconfirmed the puzzling topic and put forward some explanations of how B cells regulate antitumor T-cell responses both positively and negatively. This paper attempts to demonstrate that different B-cell subpopulations have distinct immunological properties and that they are involved in either antitumor responses or immunosuppression. Recent studies supporting the positive and negative roles of B cells in tumor development were summarized comprehensively. Several specific B-cell subpopulations, such as IgG(+), IgA(+), IL-10(+), and regulatory B cells, were described in detail. The mechanisms underlying the controversial B-cell effects were mainly attributed to different B-cell subpopulations, different B-cell-derived cytokines, direct B cell-T cell interaction, different cancer categories, and different malignant stages, and the immunological interaction between B cells and T cells is mediated by dendritic cells. Promising B-cell-based antitumor strategies were proposed and novel B-cell regulators were summarized to present interesting therapeutic targets. Future investigations are needed to make sure that B-cell-based pharmacological strategies benefit cancer immunotherapy substantially.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Zhang Wang
- Department of Medical Technology, College of Medicine, Affiliated Hospital, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056002, PR China.
| | - Yu-Hua Zhang
- Department of Library, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, PR China
| | - Xin-Hua Guo
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056002, PR China
| | - Hong-Yan Zhang
- Department of Medical Technology, College of Medicine, Affiliated Hospital, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056002, PR China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Medical Technology, College of Medicine, Affiliated Hospital, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056002, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
Emerging Role and Therapeutic Implication of Wnt Signaling Pathways in Autoimmune Diseases. J Immunol Res 2016; 2016:9392132. [PMID: 27110577 PMCID: PMC4826689 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9392132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt signaling pathway plays a key role in many biological aspects, such as cellular proliferation, tissue regeneration, embryonic development, and other systemic effects. Under a physiological condition, it is tightly controlled at different layers and arrays, and a dysregulated activation of this signaling has been implicated into the pathogenesis of various human disorders, including autoimmune diseases. Despite the fact that therapeutic interventions are available for ameliorating disease manifestations, there is no curative therapy currently available for autoimmune disorders. Increasing lines of evidence have suggested a crucial role of Wnt signaling during the pathogenesis of many autoimmune diseases; in addition, some of microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small, noncoding RNA molecules capable of transcriptionally regulating gene expression, have also recently been demonstrated to possess both physiological and pathological roles in autoimmune diseases by regulating the Wnt signaling pathway. This review summarizes currently our understanding of the pathogenic roles of Wnt signaling in several major autoimmune disorders and miRNAs, those targeting Wnt signaling in autoimmune diseases, with a focus on the implication of the Wnt signaling as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in immune diseases, as well as miRNA-mediated regulation of Wnt signaling activation in the development of autoimmune diseases.
Collapse
|
80
|
Liu Y, Balachandran YL, Li D, Shao Y, Jiang X. Polyvinylpyrrolidone-Poly(ethylene glycol) Modified Silver Nanorods Can Be a Safe, Noncarrier Adjuvant for HIV Vaccine. ACS NANO 2016; 10:3589-3596. [PMID: 26844372 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b08025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
One of the biggest obstacles for the development of HIV vaccines is how to sufficiently trigger crucial anti-HIV immunities via a safe manner. We herein integrated surface modification-dependent immunostimulation against HIV vaccine and shape-dependent biosafety and designed a safe noncarrier adjuvant based on silver nanorods coated by both polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and polyethylene glycol (PEG). Such silver nanorods can significantly elevate crucial immunities of HIV vaccine and overcome the toxicity, which is a big problem for other existing adjuvants. This study thus provided a principle for designing a safe and high-efficacy material for an adjuvant and allow researchers to really have a safe and effective prophylaxis against HIV. We expect this material approach to be applicable to other types of vaccines, whether they are preventative or therapeutic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Liu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology and CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for NanoScience and Technology , Number 11 Zhongguancun Beiyitiao, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yekkuni L Balachandran
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology and CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for NanoScience and Technology , Number 11 Zhongguancun Beiyitiao, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yiming Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Infectious Diseases, Peking University , Beijing 100190, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases , Hangzhou 310027, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University , Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xingyu Jiang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology and CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for NanoScience and Technology , Number 11 Zhongguancun Beiyitiao, Beijing 100190, China
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
Liu Y, Wang H, Li D, Tian Y, Liu W, Zhang L, Zheng W, Hao Y, Liu J, Yang Z, Shao Y, Jiang X. In situ formation of peptidic nanofibers can fundamentally optimize the quality of immune responses against HIV vaccine. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2016; 1:135-143. [PMID: 32260635 DOI: 10.1039/c5nh00064e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report that the in situ formed peptidic nanofibers facilitate the induction of multiple crucial immunities against HIV DNA vaccine, including polyfunctional T cell response, broad IgG subclasses response, and V1/V2 loop-specific antibody response, all of which can hardly be triggered by HIV DNA vaccine alone. Such novel in situ formation fundamentally overcomes the big hurdle for the applications of such nanofibers, which previously can only trigger these crucial immune responses via adding exogenous alkaline phosphatase. Such robustness of peptidic nanofibers for inducing crucial immune responses may allow better inhibition against HIV than reported materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Liu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology and CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, No., 11 Zhongguancun Beiyitiao, Beijing 100190, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
82
|
Nielsen CH, Börnsen L, Sellebjerg F, Brimnes MK. Myelin Basic Protein-Induced Production of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α and Interleukin-6, and Presentation of the Immunodominant Peptide MBP85-99 by B Cells from Patients with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146971. [PMID: 26756931 PMCID: PMC4710535 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
B cells are involved in driving relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), as demonstrated by the positive effect of therapeutic B-cell depletion. Aside from producing antibodies, B cells are efficient antigen-presenting and cytokine-secreting cells. Diverse polyclonal stimuli have been used to study cytokine production by B cells, but here we used the physiologically relevant self-antigen myelin basic protein (MBP) to stimulate B cells from untreated patients with RRMS and healthy donors. Moreover, we took advantage of the unique ability of the monoclonal antibody MK16 to recognize the immunodominant peptide MBP85-99 presented on HLA-DR15, and used it as a probe to directly study B-cell presentation of self-antigenic peptide. The proportions of B cells producing TNF-α or IL-6 after stimulation with MBP were higher in RRMS patients than in healthy donors, indicating a pro-inflammatory profile for self-reactive patient B cells. In contrast, polyclonal stimulation with PMA + ionomycin and MBP revealed no difference in cytokine profile between B cells from RRMS patients and healthy donors. Expanded disability status scale (EDSS) as well as multiple sclerosis severity score (MSSS) correlated with reduced ability of B cells to produce IL-10 after stimulation with MBP, indicative of diminished B-cell immune regulatory function in patients with the most severe disease. Moreover, EDSS correlated positively with the frequencies of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 producing B cells after polyclonal stimulation. Patient-derived, IL-10-producing B cells presented MBP85-99 poorly, as did IL-6-producing B cells, particulary in the healthy donor group. B cells from MS patients thus present antigen to T cells in a pro-inflammatory context. These findings contribute to understanding the therapeutic effects of B-cell depletion in human autoimmune diseases, including MS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claus H. Nielsen
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- * E-mail:
| | - Lars Börnsen
- Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Danish Multiple Sclerosis Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Finn Sellebjerg
- Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Danish Multiple Sclerosis Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marie K. Brimnes
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
83
|
Guptill JT, Soni M, Meriggioli MN. Current Treatment, Emerging Translational Therapies, and New Therapeutic Targets for Autoimmune Myasthenia Gravis. Neurotherapeutics 2016; 13:118-31. [PMID: 26510558 PMCID: PMC4720661 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-015-0398-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease associated with the production of autoantibodies against 1) the skeletal muscle acetylcholine receptor; 2) muscle-specific kinase, a receptor tyrosine kinase critical for the maintenance of neuromuscular synapses; 3) low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 4, an important molecular binding partner for muscle-specific kinase; and 4) other muscle endplate proteins. In addition to the profile of autoantibodies, MG may be classified according the location of the affected muscles (ocular vs generalized), the age of symptom onset, and the nature of thymic pathology. Immunopathologic events leading to the production of autoantibodies differ in the various disease subtypes. Advances in our knowledge of the immunopathogenesis of the subtypes of MG will allow for directed utilization of the ever-growing repertoire of therapeutic agents that target distinct nodes in the immune pathway relevant to the initiation and maintenance of autoimmune disease. In this review, we examine the pathogenesis of MG subtypes, current treatment options, and emerging new treatments and therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey T Guptill
- Neuromuscular Division, Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Madhu Soni
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Matthew N Meriggioli
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
The coexistence of Sjögren's syndrome and primary biliary cirrhosis: a comprehensive review. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2016; 48:301-15. [PMID: 25682089 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-015-8471-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Organ-specific and systemic autoimmune diseases share numerous features and often coexist in the same patient. Autoimmune cholangitis/primary biliary cirrhosis and Sjogren syndrome represent paradigmatic examples of the common grounds of different autoimmunity phenotypes based on similarities in clinical manifestations and immunopathogenesis. In fact, primary biliary cirrhosis and Sjogren's syndrome have both been coined as an autoimmune epithelitis in which apoptosis may be in both cases the key element to explain the organ-specific immune-mediated injury against the biliary and exocrine gland epithelia, respectively. Further, growing evidence supports in both diseases the view that B cells, T cytotoxic cells, and T helper cells are involved in chronic inflammation, likely via the altered expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The presence of estrogen receptors on the biliary and exocrine gland epithelia has been advocated as a key to the female predominance encountered in primary biliary cirrhosis and Sjogren's syndrome. Sadly, despite available data, therapeutic approaches remain largely unsatisfactory and recent studies with mechanistic approaches (as in the case of B cell depletion with rituximab) have been of partial benefit only. Future studies should focus on new molecular tools (single-cell transcriptomics, microRNA, epigenetics) to provide unique insights into common mechanisms.
Collapse
|
85
|
Strong RA, Hester PY, Eicher SD, Hu J, Cheng HW. The Effect of Cooled Perches on Immunological Parameters of Caged White Leghorn Hens during the Hot Summer Months. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141215. [PMID: 26495988 PMCID: PMC4619709 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine if thermally cooled perches improve hen immunity during hot summer. White Leghorn pullets at 16 week of age were randomly assigned to 18 cages of 3 banks at 9 hens per cage. Each bank was assigned to 1 of the 3 treatments up to 32 week of age: 1) thermally cooled perches, 2) perches with ambient air, and 3) cages without perches. Hens were exposed to natural ambient temperatures from June through September 2013 in Indiana with a 4 h acute heat episode at 27.6 week of age. The packed cell volume, heterophil to lymphocyte (H/L) ratio, plasma concentrations of total IgG, and cytokines of interleukin-1β and interleukin-6, plus lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-α factor were measured at both 27.6 and 32 week of age. The mRNA expressions of these cytokines, toll-like receptor-4, and inducible nitric oxide synthase were also examined in the spleen of 32 week-old hens. Except for H/L ratio, thermally cooled perches did not significantly improve currently measured immunological indicators. These results indicated that the ambient temperature of 2013 summer in Indiana (24°C, 17.1 to 33.1°C) was not high enough and the 4 h heat episode at 33.3°C (32 to 34.6°C) was insufficient in length to evoke severe heat stress in hens. However, cooled perch hens had a lower H/L ratio than both air perch hens and control hens at 27.6 week of age and it was still lower compared to control hens (P < 0.05, respectively) at 32 week of age. The lowered H/L ratio of cooled perch hens may suggest that they were able to cope with acute heat stress more effectively than control hens. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of thermally cooled perches on hen health under higher ambient temperatures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A. Strong
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Patricia Y. Hester
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Susan D. Eicher
- Untied States Department of Agriculture, Livestock Behavior Research Unit, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Jiaying Hu
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Heng-Wei Cheng
- Untied States Department of Agriculture, Livestock Behavior Research Unit, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
86
|
Elevated Levels of IFN-γ in CSF and Serum of Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0136937. [PMID: 26332465 PMCID: PMC4557946 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To explore whether the levels of IFN-γ in cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) and serum are elevated in ALS patients and to analyze the correlations between the IFN-γ levels and disease progression. Methods CSF and serum samples were obtained from 52 ALS patients and 31 non-ALS patients. The levels of IFN-γ in CSF and serum were assessed, and disease progression parameters, including the disease interval (months from onset, MFO), the revised ALS Functional Rating Scale (ALSFRS-r) score and the disease progression rate (DPR) were analyzed by registered neurologists. All samples were measured using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Statistical analyses were performed using Prism software. Results Compared to the non-ALS patients, the ALS patients displayed significantly increased levels of IFN-γ in both CSF and serum, and these values consistently correlated with disease progression. Conclusions These results demonstrated that IFN-γ in CSF may serve as a biomarker of ALS differentiation and progression. CSF IFN-γ was a more reliable biomarker of disease diagnosis and progression than serum IFN-γ.
Collapse
|
87
|
Bodogai M, Moritoh K, Lee-Chang C, Hollander CM, Sherman-Baust CA, Wersto RP, Araki Y, Miyoshi I, Yang L, Trinchieri G, Biragyn A. Immunosuppressive and Prometastatic Functions of Myeloid-Derived Suppressive Cells Rely upon Education from Tumor-Associated B Cells. Cancer Res 2015; 75:3456-65. [PMID: 26183924 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-3077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressive cells (MDSC) have been reported to promote metastasis, but the loss of cancer-induced B cells/B regulatory cells (tBreg) can block metastasis despite MDSC expansion in cancer. Here, using multiple murine tumor models and human MDSC, we show that MDSC populations that expand in cancer have only partially primed regulatory function and limited prometastatic activity unless they are fully educated by tBregs. Cancer-induced tBregs directly activate the regulatory function of both the monocyte and granulocyte subpopulations of MDSC, relying, in part, on TgfβR1/TgfβR2 signaling. MDSC fully educated in this manner exhibit an increased production of reactive oxygen species and NO and more efficiently suppress CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells, thereby promoting tumor growth and metastasis. Thus, loss of tBregs or TgfβR deficiency in MDSC is sufficient to disable their suppressive function and to block metastasis. Overall, our data indicate that cancer-induced B cells/B regulatory cells are important regulators of the immunosuppressive and prometastatic functions of MDSC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monica Bodogai
- Immune Regulation Section, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Kanako Moritoh
- Immune Regulation Section, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Catalina Lee-Chang
- Immune Regulation Section, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Christine M Hollander
- Tumor Microenvironment Section, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Cheryl A Sherman-Baust
- Immune Regulation Section, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Robert P Wersto
- Flow Cytometry Unit, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Yoshihiko Araki
- Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ichiro Miyoshi
- Center for Experimental Animal Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Li Yang
- Tumor Microenvironment Section, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Giorgio Trinchieri
- Cancer Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Arya Biragyn
- Immune Regulation Section, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland.
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
The 2014 ACR annual meeting: a bird’s eye view of autoimmunity in 2015. Autoimmun Rev 2015; 14:622-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
89
|
Epigenetic Control of B Cell Development and B-Cell-Related Immune Disorders. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2015; 50:301-11. [DOI: 10.1007/s12016-015-8494-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
90
|
Störch H, Zimmermann B, Resch B, Tykocinski LO, Moradi B, Horn P, Kaya Z, Blank N, Rehart S, Thomsen M, Lorenz HM, Neumann E, Tretter T. Activated human B cells induce inflammatory fibroblasts with cartilage-destructive properties and become functionally suppressed in return. Ann Rheum Dis 2015; 75:924-32. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-206965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
91
|
Treatment of Bullous Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. J Immunol Res 2015; 2015:167064. [PMID: 26090480 PMCID: PMC4451988 DOI: 10.1155/2015/167064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Bullous systemic lupus erythematosus (BSLE) is an autoantibody-mediated vesiculobullous disease in patients with SLE. Autoimmunity in BSLE is characterized by the presence of circulating anti-type VII collagen antibodies. BSLE patients often present with multiple, tense, clear fluid-filled vesicles and bullae overlying erythematous edematous plaques. Skin biopsy from BSLE patients shows subepidermal bullae with numerous neutrophils and only occasional eosinophils. Furthermore, immunofluorescence examination showed linear deposition of lgG, lgA, C3, and C1q along the basement membrane zone. BSLE patients with corticosteroids treatment constantly do not receive a marked improvement, while dapsone generally dramatically improved the skin condition. Recently, it has been reported that quite a few cases of BSLE were successfully treated with other immune suppressive drugs. Therefore, a comprehensive review of the treatment of BSLE would be beneficial to cure the disease.
Collapse
|
92
|
Vazquez MI, Catalan-Dibene J, Zlotnik A. B cells responses and cytokine production are regulated by their immune microenvironment. Cytokine 2015; 74:318-26. [PMID: 25742773 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2015.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Revised: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The adaptive immune system consists of two types of lymphocytes: T and B cells. These two lymphocytes originate from a common precursor, yet are fundamentally different with B cells mediating humoral immunity while T cells mediate cell mediated immunity. In cytokine production, naïve T cells produce multiple cytokines upon activation while naïve activated B cells do not. B cells are capable of producing cytokines, but their cytokine production depends on their differentiation state and activation conditions. Hence, unlike T cells that can produce a large amount of cytokines upon activation, B cells require specific differentiation and activation conditions to produce cytokines. Many cytokines act on B cells as well. Here, we discuss several cytokines and their effects on B cells including: Interleukins, IL-7, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and Interferons, IFN-α, IFN-β, IFN-γ. These cytokines play important roles in the development, survival, differentiation and/or proliferation of B cells. Certain chemokines also play important roles in B cell function, namely antibody production. As an example, we discuss CCL28, a chemokine that directs the migration of plasma cells to mucosal sites. We conclude with a brief overview of B cells as cytokine producers and their likely functional consequences on the immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monica I Vazquez
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Jovani Catalan-Dibene
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Albert Zlotnik
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
Jia Y, Zeng Z, Li Y, Li Z, Jin L, Zhang Z, Wang L, Wang FS. Impaired function of CD4+ T follicular helper (Tfh) cells associated with hepatocellular carcinoma progression. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117458. [PMID: 25689070 PMCID: PMC4331507 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims CD4+ T follicular helper (Tfh) cells, a new subset of immune cells, have been demonstrated to be involved in the development and prognosis of tumors. However, their functional role in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is relatively unknown, and the detailed mechanisms in HCC development remain to be described. Methods A total of 85 HCC patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, 25 HBV-relative liver cirrhosis (LC) patients, and 20 healthy controls (HC) were randomly enrolled. Flow cytometric analysis, immunohistochemical staining, and relative function (i.e., cytokine secretion, B cell maturation) assays were used to analyze the properties of CXCR5+CD4+ T cells. In addition, the relationship between the frequency of CXCR5+CD4+ T cells and overall survival rates or disease-free survival rates was also analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method. Results The frequency of circulating CXCR5+CD4+ T cells was significantly decreased in HCC patients compared with HBV-relative liver cirrhosis (LC) patients and healthy controls, and the decrease in circulating CXCR5+CD4+ T cells correlated with disease progression. The proportion of infiltrated CXCR5+CD4+ T cells was significantly decreased in tumor regions compared with nontumor regions. Furthermore, compared with healthy controls, the function of circulating CXCR5+CD4+ T cells in HCC was impaired, with reduced IL-21 secretion and dysfunction in promoting B cell maturation. Importantly, follow-up data indicated that a decreased frequency of circulating CXCR5+CD4+ T cells was also associated with reduced disease-free survival time in HCC patients. Conclusions Impairment of CD4+ T follicular helper cells may influence the development of HBV-associated HCC. Decreased CD4+ T follicular helper cells may represent a potential prognostic marker and serve as a novel therapeutic target for HCC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiqiong Jia
- Research Center for Biological Therapy, 302 Military Hospital of China-Peking University Teaching Hospital, Beijing, 100039, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Zeng
- Research Center for Biological Therapy, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Research Center for Biological Therapy, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, P. R. China
| | - Zhiwei Li
- Research Center for Biological Therapy, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, P. R. China
| | - Lei Jin
- Research Center for Biological Therapy, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Research Center for Biological Therapy, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, P. R. China
| | - Lifeng Wang
- Research Center for Biological Therapy, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (FW); (LF)
| | - Fu-Sheng Wang
- Research Center for Biological Therapy, 302 Military Hospital of China-Peking University Teaching Hospital, Beijing, 100039, P. R. China
- Research Center for Biological Therapy, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (FW); (LF)
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Hagen J, Zimmerman R, Goetz C, Bonnevier J, Houchins JP, Reagan K, Kalyuzhny AE. Comparative Multi-Donor Study of IFNγ Secretion and Expression by Human PBMCs Using ELISPOT Side-by-Side with ELISA and Flow Cytometry Assays. Cells 2015; 4:84-95. [PMID: 25679284 PMCID: PMC4381211 DOI: 10.3390/cells4010084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
ELISPOT, ELISA and flow cytometry techniques are often used to study the function of immune system cells. It is tempting to speculate that these assays can be used interchangeably, providing similar information about the cytokine secreting activity of cells: the higher the number of cytokine-positive cells measured by flow cytometry, the higher the number of cytokine-secreting cells expected to be detected by ELISPOT and the larger the amount of secreted cytokine expected to be measured by ELISA. We have analyzed the expression level and secretion capacity of IFNγ from peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from five healthy donors and stimulated by calcium ionomycin mixed with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate in a non-specific manner in side-by-side testing using ELISPOT, ELISA and flow cytometry assays. In our study, we observed a general correlation in donors' ranking between ELISPOT and flow cytometry; ELISA values did not correlate with either ELISPOT or flow cytometry. However, a detailed donor-to-donor comparison between ELISPOT and flow cytometry revealed significant discrepancies: donors who have similar numbers of IFNγ-positive cells measured by flow cytometry show 2-3-fold differences in the number of spot-forming cells (SFCs) measured by ELISPOT; and donors who have the same number of SFCs measured by ELISPOT show 30% differences in the number of IFNγ-positive cells measured by flow cytometry. Significant discrepancies between donors were also found when comparing ELISA and ELISPOT techniques: donors who secreted the same amount of IFNγ measured by ELISA show six-fold differences in the number of SFCs measured by ELISPOT; and donors who have 5-7-times less secreted IFNγ measured by ELISA show a two-fold increase in the number of SFCs measured by ELISPOT compared to donors who show a more profound secretion of IFNγ measured by ELISA. The results of our study suggest that there can be a lack of correlation between IFNγ values measured by ELISPOT, ELISA and flow cytometry. The higher number of cytokine-positive cells determined by flow cytometry is not necessarily indicative of a higher number of cytokine-secreting cells when they are analyzed by either ELISPOT or ELISA. Our ELISPOT vs. ELISA comparison demonstrates that the higher number of SFCs observed in ELISPOT does not guarantee that these cells secrete larger amounts of cytokines compared to donors with lower SFC numbers. In addition, our data indicate that ELISPOT, ELISA and flow cytometry should be performed as complementary, rather than stand-alone assays: running these assays in parallel on samples from the same donors may help to better understand the mechanisms underlying the physiology of cytokine-secreting cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jodi Hagen
- R&D Systems, Inc., 614 McKinely Place, Minneapolis, MN 55413, USA.
| | - Ryan Zimmerman
- R&D Systems, Inc., 614 McKinely Place, Minneapolis, MN 55413, USA.
| | - Christine Goetz
- R&D Systems, Inc., 614 McKinely Place, Minneapolis, MN 55413, USA.
| | - Jody Bonnevier
- R&D Systems, Inc., 614 McKinely Place, Minneapolis, MN 55413, USA.
| | | | - Kevin Reagan
- R&D Systems, Inc., 614 McKinely Place, Minneapolis, MN 55413, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
95
|
Chirumbolo S. Anti-inflammatory property of propolis. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2015; 56:163-4. [PMID: 25759523 PMCID: PMC4345176 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.14-110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Laboratory of Physiopathology of Obesity, Department of Medicine University of Verona, LURM est, Policlinico GB Rossi, Piazzale AL Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
Gao W, Guo C. Author’s response re: ”Anti-inflammatory property of propolis”. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2015. [DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.14-110_res] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
97
|
Arck PC, Hecher K, Solano ME. B Cells in Pregnancy: Functional Promiscuity or Tailored Function? Biol Reprod 2015; 92:12. [DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.114.126110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
|
98
|
Bovine leukemia virus: a major silent threat to proper immune responses in cattle. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2014; 163:103-14. [PMID: 25554478 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2014.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Revised: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection is widespread in the US dairy industry and the majority of producers do not actively try to manage or reduce BLV incidence within their herds. However, BLV is estimated to cost the dairy industry hundreds of millions of dollars annually and this is likely a conservative estimate. BLV is not thought to cause animal distress or serious pathology unless infection progresses to leukemia or lymphoma. However, a wealth of research supports the notion that BLV infection causes widespread abnormal immune function. BLV infection can impact cells of both the innate and adaptive immune system and alter proper functioning of uninfected cells. Despite strong evidence of abnormal immune signaling and functioning, little research has investigated the large-scale effects of BLV infection on host immunity and resistance to other infectious diseases. This review focuses on mechanisms of immune suppression associated with BLV infection, specifically aberrant signaling, proliferation and apoptosis, and the implications of switching from BLV latency to activation. In addition, this review will highlight underdeveloped areas of research relating to BLV infection and how it causes immune suppression.
Collapse
|
99
|
Wei L, Zhang C, Chen HY, Zhang ZJ, Ji ZF, Yue T, Dai XM, Zhu Q, Ma LL, He DY, Jiang LD. Dopamine receptor DR2 expression in B cells is negatively correlated with disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Immunobiology 2014; 220:323-30. [PMID: 25468566 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2014.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Revised: 10/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dopamine receptor (DR) signaling is involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. We aimed to measure the expression levels of DR1-5 on B cells from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to analyze the relationship between DRs and clinical manifestations, inflammatory biomarkers, functional status and disease activity. METHODS A total of 29 patients with RA, 12 healthy donors and 12 patients with osteoarthritis (OA) were recruited in this study. Flow cytometry was used to measure the levels of DR1-5 expressed on B cells. The relationships between B cell DR expressions and clinical features in RA patients were analyzed using the Spearman correlation test. RESULTS The expression levels of B cell DR1-5 in both the RA and OA groups were lower than those in healthy controls. After 3 months of medication, all five receptors were elevated in RA patients, with DR2 and DR3 being significantly increased from the baseline. DR2 expression on B cells was negatively correlated with inflammatory biomarkers and disease activity. CONCLUSION RA patients had lower expression level of DR2 on B cells compared to the healthy controls, and the level of DR2 negatively correlated with the disease activity. DR2 and DR3 might be novel predictors of patient responses to disease modifying antirheumatic drug therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Wei
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - C Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - H Y Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Z J Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Z F Ji
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - T Yue
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrated Chinese & Western Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - X M Dai
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Q Zhu
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrated Chinese & Western Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - L L Ma
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - D Y He
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrated Chinese & Western Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - L D Jiang
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
100
|
Shu SA, Wang J, Tao MH, Leung PSC. Gene Therapy for Autoimmune Disease. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2014; 49:163-76. [DOI: 10.1007/s12016-014-8451-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|