51
|
Li W, Liu Y, Du J, Ren K, Wang Y. Cell penetrating peptide-based polyplexes shelled with polysaccharide to improve stability and gene transfection. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:8476-8484. [PMID: 25893559 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr07037b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPP) have been widely developed as a strategy to enhance cell penetrating ability and transfection. In this work, octa-arginine modified dextran gene vector with pH-sensitivity was developed via host-guest interactions. α-Cyclodextrin was modified with octa-arginine (CDR), which had excellent cell penetrating ability. Dextran was selected as a backbone and modified with azobenzene as guest units by acid-labile imine bonds (Az-I-Dex). The supramolecular polymer CDR/Az-I-Dex with high a C/A molar ratio (molar ratio of CD on CDR to Az on Az-I-Dex) was unfavorable for DNA condensation. The dextran shell of CDR/Az-I-Dex/DNA polyplexes improved the stability under physiological conditions. However, once treated with acetate buffer (pH 5.4) for 3 h, large aggregates formed rapidly due to the cleavage of the dextran shell. As expected, the vector had cell viability of 80% even when the CDR concentration increased to 100 μg mL(-1). Moreover, due to the effective cellular uptake efficiency, CDR/Az-I-Dex/DNA polyplexes had 6-300 times higher transfection efficiency than CDR/DNA polyplexes. It was even higher than high molecular weight PLL-based polyplexes of HEK293 T cells. Importantly, chloroquine as an endosomal escape agent could not improve the transfection of CDR/Az-I-Dex/DNA polyplexes, which indicated that the CDR/Az-I-Dex supramolecular polymer had its own ability for endosomal escape. These results suggested that the CPP-based polyplexes shelled with polysaccharide can be promising non-viral gene delivery carriers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
52
|
Nam JP, Nam K, Jung S, Nah JW, Kim SW. Evaluation of dendrimer type bio-reducible polymer as a siRNA delivery carrier for cancer therapy. J Control Release 2015; 209:179-85. [PMID: 25937533 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Revised: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA), 20-25 base pairs in length, can interfere with the expression of specific genes. Recently, many groups reported the therapeutic intervention of siRNA in various cancer cells. In this study, dendrimer type bio-reducible polymer (PAM-ABP) which was synthesized using arginine grafted bio-reducible poly(cystaminebisacrylamide-diaminohexane) (ABP) and polyamidoamine (PAMAM) was used to deliver anti-VEGF siRNA into cancer cell lines including human hepatocarcinoma (Huh-7), human lung adenocarcinoma (A549), and human fibrosarcoma (HT1080) cells and access their potential as a siRNA delivery carrier for cancer therapy. PAM-ABP and siRNA formed polyplexes with average diameter of 116 nm and charge of around +24.6 mV. The siRNA in the PAM-ABP/siRNA polyplex was released by 5mM DTT and heparin. VEGF gene silencing efficiency of PAM-ABP/siRNA polyplexes was shown to be more effective than PEI/siRNA polyplexes in three cell lines with the following order HT1080>A549>Huh-7.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joung-Pyo Nam
- Center for Controlled Chemical Delivery (CCCD), Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States
| | - Kihoon Nam
- Center for Controlled Chemical Delivery (CCCD), Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States
| | - Simhyun Jung
- Center for Controlled Chemical Delivery (CCCD), Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States
| | - Jae-Woon Nah
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sunchon National University 255 Jungang-ro, Suncheon, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Wan Kim
- Center for Controlled Chemical Delivery (CCCD), Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Wong PT, Choi SK. Mechanisms of Drug Release in Nanotherapeutic Delivery Systems. Chem Rev 2015; 115:3388-432. [DOI: 10.1021/cr5004634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 349] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pamela T. Wong
- Michigan
Nanotechnology Institute
for Medicine and Biological Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Seok Ki Choi
- Michigan
Nanotechnology Institute
for Medicine and Biological Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Zhang B, Ma XP, Sui MH, Van Kirk E, Murdoch WJ, Radosz M, Lin NM, Shen YQ. Guanidinoamidized linear polyethyleneimine for gene delivery. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-015-1644-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
55
|
Bansal R, Tayal S, Gupta KC, Kumar P. Bioreducible polyethylenimine nanoparticles for the efficient delivery of nucleic acids. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:3128-35. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob02614d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Electrostatically crosslinked bioreducible nanoparticles of polyethylenimine (DP NPs) have been prepared and evaluated for their cytotoxicity and capability to transport nucleic acids inside the cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruby Bansal
- Nucleic Acids Research Laboratory
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology
- Delhi-110007
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Shweta Tayal
- Nucleic Acids Research Laboratory
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology
- Delhi-110007
- India
| | - K. C. Gupta
- Nucleic Acids Research Laboratory
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology
- Delhi-110007
- India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Nucleic Acids Research Laboratory
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology
- Delhi-110007
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Sheng R, An F, Wang Z, Li M, Cao A. Assembly of plasmid DNA with pyrene-amines cationic amphiphiles into nanoparticles and their visible lysosome localization. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra06879c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we constructed a visible model for drug/gene dual delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruilong Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Synthesis and Self-assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
- China
| | - Feifei An
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Technology
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Zhao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthesis and Self-assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
- China
| | - Mingrui Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthesis and Self-assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
- China
| | - Amin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Synthesis and Self-assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
- China
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Targeted siRNA therapy using cytoplasm-responsive nanocarriers and cell-penetrating peptides. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-014-0155-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
58
|
Islam MA, Park T, Singh B, Maharjan S, Firdous J, Cho MH, Kang SK, Yun CH, Choi Y, Cho CS. Major degradable polycations as carriers for DNA and siRNA. J Control Release 2014; 193:74-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Revised: 05/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
59
|
Lee D, Lee YM, Jeong C, Lee J, Kim WJ. Bioreducible guanidinylated polyethylenimine for efficient gene delivery. ChemMedChem 2014; 9:2718-24. [PMID: 25287668 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201402293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cationic polymers are known to afford efficient gene transfection. However, cytotoxicity remains a problem at the molecular weight for optimal DNA delivery. As such, optimized polymeric gene delivery systems are still a sought-after research goal. A guanidinylated bioreducible branched polyethylenimine (GBPEI-SS) was synthesized by using a disulfide bond to crosslink the guanidinylated BPEI (GBPEI). GBPEI-SS showed sufficient plasmid DNA (pDNA) condensation ability. The physicochemical properties of GBPEI-SS demonstrate that it has the appropriate size (~200 nm) and surface potential (~30 mV) at a nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio of 10. No significant toxicity was observed, possibly due to bioreducibility and to the guanidine group delocalizing the positive charge of the primary amine in BPEI. Compared with the nonguanidinylated analogue, BPEI-SS, GBPEI-SS showed enhanced transfection efficiency owing to increased cellular uptake and efficient pDNA release by cleavage of disulfide bonds. This system is very efficient for delivering pDNA into cells, thereby achieving high transfection efficiency and low cytotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duhwan Lee
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science and Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), San 31, Hyoja-dong, Pohang 790-784 (Republic of Korea)
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
60
|
Li CY, Wang HJ, Cao JM, Zhang J, Yu XQ. Bioreducible cross-linked polymers based on G1 peptide dendrimer as potential gene delivery vectors. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 87:413-20. [PMID: 25282264 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.09.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Revised: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A series of cationic polymers based on low generation (G1) peptide dendrimer were synthesized with disulfide-containing linkages. The DNA binding abilities of the target polymers were studied by gel electrophoresis and fluorescence quenching assay. The bioreducible property of the disulfide-containing polymers P2 and P3 was also investigated in the presence of dithiothreitol (DTT). Results from dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) assays reveal that these materials may condense DNA into nanoparticles with proper sizes and zeta-potentials. In vitro cell experiments show that compared to branched 25 KDa PEI, P2 and P3 may exhibit much higher gene transfection efficiency and lower cytotoxicity in both HEK293 and U-2OS cells. Additionally, polymer prepared from Michael addition gives better gene transfection ability, while polymer prepared from ring-opening reaction has better serum tolerance. Results indicate that these polymers might be promising non-viral gene vectors for their easy preparation, very low cytotoxicity, and good transfection efficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Hai-Jiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Jing-Ming Cao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Qi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Won YW, Bull DA, Kim SW. Functional polymers of gene delivery for treatment of myocardial infarct. J Control Release 2014; 195:110-9. [PMID: 25076177 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease is rapidly growing as the common cause of death in the world. It is a disease that occurs as a result of coronary artery stenosis and is caused by the lack of oxygen within cardiac muscles due to an imbalance between oxygen supply and demand. The conventional medical therapy is focused on the use of drug eluting stents, coronary-artery bypass graft surgery and anti-thrombosis. Gene therapy provides great opportunities for treatment of cardiovascular disease. In order for gene therapy to be successful, the development of proper gene delivery systems and hypoxia-regulated gene expression vectors is the most important factors. Several non-viral gene transfer methods have been developed to overcome the safety problems of viral transduction. Some of which include plasmids that regulate gene expression that is controlled by environment specific promoters in the transcriptional or the translational level. This review explores polymeric gene carriers that target the myocardium and hypoxia-inducible vectors, which regulate gene expression in response to hypoxia, and their application in animal myocardial infarction models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young-Wook Won
- Center for Controlled Chemical Delivery (CCCD), Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - David A Bull
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Sung Wan Kim
- Center for Controlled Chemical Delivery (CCCD), Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Liu Q, Chen J, Du J. Asymmetrical Polymer Vesicles with a “Stealthy” Outer Corona and an Endosomal-Escape-Accelerating Inner Corona for Efficient Intracellular Anticancer Drug Delivery. Biomacromolecules 2014; 15:3072-82. [DOI: 10.1021/bm500676e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiuming Liu
- School of Materials Science
and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials
of Ministry of Education, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai, 201804, China
| | - Jing Chen
- School of Materials Science
and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials
of Ministry of Education, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai, 201804, China
| | - Jianzhong Du
- School of Materials Science
and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials
of Ministry of Education, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai, 201804, China
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Bao X, Wang W, Wang C, Wang Y, Zhou J, Ding Y, Wang X, Jin Y. A chitosan-graft-PEI-candesartan conjugate for targeted co-delivery of drug and gene in anti-angiogenesis cancer therapy. Biomaterials 2014; 35:8450-66. [PMID: 24997481 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A multifunctional copolymer-anticancer conjugate chitosan-graft-polyethyleneimine-candesartan (CPC) containing low molecular weight chitosan (CS) backbone and polyethyleneimine (PEI) arms with candesartan (CD) conjugated via an amide bond was fabricated as a targeted co-delivery nanovector of drug and gene for potential cancer therapy. Here, CD was utilized to specifically bind to overexpressed angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) of tumor cells, strengthen endosomal buffering capacity of CPC and suppress tumor angiogenesis. The self-assembled CPC/pDNA complexes exhibited desirable and homogenous particle size, moderate positive charges, superior stability, and efficient release of drug and gene in vitro. Flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy analyses confirmed that CD-targeted function and CD-enhanced buffering capacity induced high transfection, specific cellular uptake and efficient intracellular delivery of CPC/pDNA complexes in AT1R-overexpressed PANC-1 cells. In addition, CPC/wt-p53 complexes co-delivering CD and wild type p53 (wt-p53) gene achieved synergistic angiogenesis suppression by more effectively downregulating the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA and protein via different pathways in vitro, as compared to mono-delivery and mixed-delivery systems. In vivo investigation on nude mice bearing PANC-1 tumor xenografts revealed that CPC/wt-p53 complexes possessed high tumor-targeting capacity and strong anti-tumor activity. Additional analysis of microvessel density (MVD) demonstrated that CPC/wt-p53 complexes significantly inhibited tumor-associated angiogenesis. These findings suggested that CPC could be an ideal tumor-targeting nanovector for simultaneous transfer of drug and gene, and a multifunctional CPC/wt-p53 co-delivery system with tumor-specific targetability, enhanced endosomal buffering capacity and synergistic anti-angiogenesis efficacy might be a new promising strategy for effective tumor therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - Jianping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Yang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiaoyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuting Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Abstract
Gene therapy with siRNA is a promising biotechnology to treat cancer and other diseases. To realize siRNA-based gene therapy, a safe and efficient delivery method is essential. Nanoparticle mediated siRNA delivery is of great importance to overcome biological barriers for systemic delivery in vivo. Based on recent discoveries, endosomal escape is a critical biological barrier to be overcome for siRNA delivery. This feature article focuses on endosomal escape strategies used for nanoparticle mediated siRNA delivery, including cationic polymers, pH sensitive polymers, calcium phosphate, and cell penetrating peptides. Work has been done to develop different endosomal escape strategies based on nanoparticle types, administration routes, and target organ/cell types. Also, enhancement of endosomal escape has been considered along with other aspects of siRNA delivery to ensure target specific accumulation, high cell uptake, and low toxicity. By enhancing endosomal escape and overcoming other biological barriers, great progress has been achieved in nanoparticle mediated siRNA delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Da Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Lee YS, Kim SW. Bioreducible polymers for therapeutic gene delivery. J Control Release 2014; 190:424-39. [PMID: 24746626 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Revised: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Most currently available cationic polymers have significant acute toxicity concerns such as cellular toxicity, aggregation of erythrocytes, and entrapment in the lung capillary bed, largely due to their poor biocompatibility and non-degradability under physiological conditions. To develop more intelligent polymers, disulfide bonds are introduced in the design of biodegradable polymers. Herein, the sustained innovations of biomimetic nano-sized constructs with bioreducible poly(disulfide amine)s demonstrate a viable clinical tool for the treatment of cardiovascular disease, anemia, diabetes, and cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young Sook Lee
- Center for Controlled Chemical Delivery, Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA.
| | - Sung Wan Kim
- Center for Controlled Chemical Delivery, Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA; Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Gasparini G, Bang EK, Molinard G, Tulumello DV, Ward S, Kelley SO, Roux A, Sakai N, Matile S. Cellular Uptake of Substrate-Initiated Cell-Penetrating Poly(disulfide)s. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:6069-74. [DOI: 10.1021/ja501581b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Gasparini
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Centre of Competence in Research
(NCCR) Chemical Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | - Eun-Kyoung Bang
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Centre of Competence in Research
(NCCR) Chemical Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | - Guillaume Molinard
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Centre of Competence in Research
(NCCR) Chemical Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | - David V. Tulumello
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Centre of Competence in Research
(NCCR) Chemical Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Sandra Ward
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Centre of Competence in Research
(NCCR) Chemical Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | - Shana O. Kelley
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Aurelien Roux
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Centre of Competence in Research
(NCCR) Chemical Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | - Naomi Sakai
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Centre of Competence in Research
(NCCR) Chemical Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Matile
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Centre of Competence in Research
(NCCR) Chemical Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Kim K, Ryu K, Kim TI. Cationic methylcellulose derivative with serum-compatibility and endosome buffering ability for gene delivery systems. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 110:268-77. [PMID: 24906755 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.03.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Revised: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this work, methylcellulose was employed as a template polymer with graft of polyethylenimine 0.8 kDa (PEI0.8k) for gene delivery systems. Synthesized PEI-grafted oxidized methylcellulose (MC-PEI) could condense pDNA into positively charged and nano-sized particles, which could protect pDNA from serum nuclease. The cytotoxicity of MC-PEI was minimal in both serum-free and serum condition due to the biocompatibility of methylcellulose and low cytotoxicity of PEI0.8k. MC-PEI polyplex also showed low cytotoxicity in serum condition. In serum condition, MC-PEI showed less decreased transfection efficiency than PEI25k, meaning good serum-compatibility of MC-PEI. Bafilomycin A1-treated transfection results indicate that the transfection of MC-PEI is mediated via endosomal escape by endosome buffering ability. Flow cytometry results suggest that MC-PEI polyplex could be internalized into cells and efficiently deliver pDNA to cells due to its serum-compatibility. These results demonstrate that MC-PEI possesses a potential for efficient gene delivery systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyunghwan Kim
- Department of Biosystems and Biomaterials Science and Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kitae Ryu
- Department of Biosystems and Biomaterials Science and Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tae-il Kim
- Department of Biosystems and Biomaterials Science and Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Bang EK, Ward S, Gasparini G, Sakai N, Matile S. Cell-penetrating poly(disulfide)s: focus on substrate-initiated co-polymerization. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py01570j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
69
|
Aied A, Greiser U, Pandit A, Wang W. Polymer gene delivery: overcoming the obstacles. Drug Discov Today 2013; 18:1090-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2013.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2013] [Revised: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
70
|
Carmine A, Domoto Y, Sakai N, Matile S. Comparison of lipoic and asparagusic acid for surface-initiated disulfide-exchange polymerization. Chemistry 2013; 19:11558-63. [PMID: 23893874 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201301567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Bring it on: Organic chemistry on surfaces and in solution is not the same; this study offers a perfect example that small changes (from 27 to 35°; see graphic) can result in big consequences. Strained cyclic disulfides from asparagusic, but not lipoic acid, are ideal for growing functional architectures directly on surfaces; for the substrate-initiated synthesis of cell-penetrating poly(disulfide)s in solution, exactly the contrary is true.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Carmine
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
71
|
Xiao B, Laroui H, Ayyadurai S, Viennois E, Charania MA, Zhang Y, Merlin D. Mannosylated bioreducible nanoparticle-mediated macrophage-specific TNF-α RNA interference for IBD therapy. Biomaterials 2013; 34:7471-82. [PMID: 23820013 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The application of RNA interference (RNAi) for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) therapy has been limited by the lack of non-cytotoxic, efficient and targetable small interfering RNA (siRNA) carriers. TNF-α is the major pro-inflammatory cytokine mainly secreted by macrophages during IBD. Here, a mannosylated bioreducible cationic polymer (PPM) was synthesized and further spontaneously assembled nanoparticles (NPs) assisted by sodium triphosphate (TPP). The TPP-PPM/siRNA NPs exhibited high uniformity (polydispersity index = 0.004), a small particle size (211-275 nm), excellent bioreducibility, and enhanced cellular uptake. Additionally, the generated NPs had negative cytotoxicity compared to control NPs fabricated by branched polyethylenimine (bPEI, 25 kDa) or Oligofectamine (OF) and siRNA. In vitro gene silencing experiments revealed that TPP-PPM/TNF-α siRNA NPs with a weight ratio of 40:1 showed the most efficient inhibition of the expression and secretion of TNF-α (approximately 69.9%, which was comparable to the 71.4% obtained using OF/siRNA NPs), and its RNAi efficiency was highly inhibited in the presence of mannose (20 mm). Finally, TPP-PPM/siRNA NPs showed potential therapeutic effects on colitis tissues, remarkably reducing TNF-α level. Collectively, these results suggest that non-toxic TPP-PPM/siRNA NPs can be exploited as efficient, macrophage-targeted carriers for IBD therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xiao
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta 30302, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
72
|
Kim E, Yang J, Kim HO, An Y, Lim EK, Lee G, Kwon T, Cheong JH, Suh JS, Huh YM, Haam S. Hyaluronic acid receptor-targetable imidazolized nanovectors for induction of gastric cancer cell death by RNA interference. Biomaterials 2013; 34:4327-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
73
|
Bang EK, Gasparini G, Molinard G, Roux A, Sakai N, Matile S. Substrate-initiated synthesis of cell-penetrating poly(disulfide)s. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:2088-2091. [PMID: 23363440 PMCID: PMC4601153 DOI: 10.1021/ja311961k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Lessons from surface-initiated polymerization are applied to grow cell-penetrating poly(disulfide)s directly on substrates of free choice. Reductive depolymerization after cellular uptake should then release the native substrates and minimize toxicity. In the presence of thiolated substrates, propagators containing a strained disulfide from asparagusic or, preferably, lipoic acid and a guanidinium cation polymerize into poly(disulfide)s in less than 5 min at room temperature at pH 7. Substrate-initiated polymerization of cationic poly(disulfide)s and their depolymerization with dithiothreitol causes the appearance and disappearance of transport activity in fluorogenic vesicles. The same process is further characterized by gel-permeation chromatography and fluorescence resonance energy transfer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Kyoung Bang
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Giulio Gasparini
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Guillaume Molinard
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Aurélien Roux
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Naomi Sakai
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Matile
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Bacalocostantis I, Mane VP, Goodley AS, Bentley WE, Muro S, Kofinas P. Investigating polymer thiolation in gene delivery. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2012; 24:912-26. [DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2012.727266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Bacalocostantis
- a Fischell Department of Bioengineering , University of Maryland , College Park , MD , 20742 , USA
| | - Viraj P. Mane
- a Fischell Department of Bioengineering , University of Maryland , College Park , MD , 20742 , USA
| | - Addison S. Goodley
- a Fischell Department of Bioengineering , University of Maryland , College Park , MD , 20742 , USA
| | - William E. Bentley
- a Fischell Department of Bioengineering , University of Maryland , College Park , MD , 20742 , USA
- b Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland , College Park , MD , 20742 , USA
| | - Silvia Muro
- a Fischell Department of Bioengineering , University of Maryland , College Park , MD , 20742 , USA
- b Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland , College Park , MD , 20742 , USA
| | - Peter Kofinas
- a Fischell Department of Bioengineering , University of Maryland , College Park , MD , 20742 , USA
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Son S, Namgung R, Kim J, Singha K, Kim WJ. Bioreducible polymers for gene silencing and delivery. Acc Chem Res 2012; 45:1100-12. [PMID: 22129162 DOI: 10.1021/ar200248u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric gene delivery vectors show great potential for the construction of the ideal gene delivery system. These systems harness their ability to incorporate versatile functional traits to overcome most impediments encountered in gene delivery: from the initial complexation to their target-specific release of the therapeutic nucleic acids at the cytosol. Among the numerous multifunctional polymers that have been designed and evaluated as gene delivery vectors, polymers with redox-sensitive (or bioreducible) functional domains have gained great attention in terms of their structural and functional traits. The redox environment plays a pivotal role in sustaining cellular homeostasis and natural redox potential gradients exist between extra- and intracellular space and between the exterior and interior of subcellular organelles. In some cases, researchers have designed the polymeric delivery vectors to exploit these gradients. For example, researchers have taken advantage of the high redox potential gradient between oxidizing extracellular space and the reducing environment of cytosolic compartments by integrating disulfide bonds into the polymer structure. Such polymers retain their cargo in the extracellular space but selectively release the therapeutic nucleic acids in the reducing space within the cytosol. Furthermore, bioreducible polymers form stable complex with nucleic acids, and researchers can fabricate these structures to impart several important features such as site-, timing-, and duration period-specific gene expression. Additionally, the introduction of disulfide bonds within these polymers promotes their biodegradability and limits their cytotoxicity. Many approaches have demonstrated the versatility of bioreducible gene delivery, but the underlying biological rationale of these systems remains poorly understood. The process of disulfide reduction depends on multiple variables in the cellular redox environment. Therefore, the quest to unravel various issues such as the site and time of disulfide bond reduction during the cellular uptake and trafficking have stimulated a number of interesting studies which have employed disulfide compounds with a variety of reducible linkers. Such studies help researchers understand not only how modifications made to disulfides can alter their thiol-disulfide exchange characteristics but also to decipher the effect of the induced changes on the dynamics of the redox environment. This Account discusses current research trends and recent progress in the disulfide chemistry enabling novel and versatile designs of reducible polymeric gene delivery systems. We present strategies for the introduction of disulfide bonds into polymers. These representative examples and their respective outcomes elaborate the benefit and efficiency of disulfides at the individual stages of gene delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sejin Son
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Ran Namgung
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Jihoon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Kaushik Singha
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Won Jong Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Han K, Yang J, Chen S, Chen JX, Liu CW, Li C, Cheng H, Zhuo RX, Zhang XZ. Novel gene transfer vectors based on artificial recombinant multi-functional oligopeptides. Int J Pharm 2012; 436:555-63. [PMID: 22796172 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2012] [Revised: 06/07/2012] [Accepted: 07/04/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Viral vectors, except for their safety concern, have shown high efficiency in both delivery and expression of gene. Here, a series of new gene carriers, comprised of short peptide subunits with special functions to imitate viral vectors, were designed and three vectors, (C(18))(2)KH(4)R(8)GDS, AcKH(4)R(8)GDS and (C(18))(2)KH(4)R(8), designated as ARM1, ARM2, ARM3, respectively, were synthesized and evaluated. The transfection efficiency in vitro was studied in terms of 293T, HepG2 and HeLa cell lines. It was found that the transfection efficiency was enhanced significantly for the vectors (ARM1 and ARM3) with double hydrophobic aliphatic tails. Interestingly, the conjugation of RGDS sequence in vectors displayed no obvious difference in cell adhesion for all of the three cell lines. Moreover, confocal laser scanning microscope results indicated that the peptide/pDNA complexes can enter the cell and nuclei successfully. On the other hand, all the vectors displayed low cytotoxicity. The artificial recombinant multi-block oligopeptides (ARMs) demonstrated here might give a promising potential of the peptide-based vectors in gene therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Han
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education and Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
77
|
A linear-dendritic cationic vector for efficient DNA grasp and delivery. Acta Biomater 2012; 8:2121-32. [PMID: 22370448 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2012.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2011] [Revised: 01/16/2012] [Accepted: 02/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents an attempt to design an efficient and biocompatible cationic gene vector via structural optimization that favors the efficient utilization of amine groups for DNA condensation. To this end, a linear-dendritic block copolymer of methoxyl-poly(ethylene glycol)-dendritic polyglycerol-graft-tris(2-aminoethyl)amine (mPEG-DPG-g-TAEA) was prepared with specially designed multiple functions including strong DNA affinity, endosomal buffering and expected serum-tolerance. Based on the transfection in serum-free and serum-conditioned media, the influences of the polymer structures including the degree of polymerization of DPG and TAEA substitution degree were explored. As compared to polyethylenimine (M(w)=5 kDa) (PEI5k) with similar molecular weight and higher amine density, mPEG-DPG-g-TAEA displayed comparably high DNA affinity due to the special linear-dendritic architecture. Consequently, at very low N/P ratio, mPEG-DPG-g-TAEA vectors could mediate efficient in vitro luciferase expression at levels that are comparable with or even superior to the commercially available Lipofectamine™ 2000, while being apparently higher than PEI5k. The designed vectors exhibit considerably higher cell biocompatibility and better resistance against bovine serum albumin adsorption than PEI5k. The stability of the complexes on coincubation with heparin was found to be largely dependent on the polymer structure. As concluded from the comparative transfection study in the absence/presence of chloroquine, it is likely that the polycation itself could produce endosomal buffering. This linear-dendritic vector shows promising potential for the application of gene delivery.
Collapse
|
78
|
Zhao ZX, Gao SY, Wang JC, Chen CJ, Zhao EY, Hou WJ, Feng Q, Gao LY, Liu XY, Zhang LR, Zhang Q. Self-assembly nanomicelles based on cationic mPEG-PLA-b-Polyarginine(R15) triblock copolymer for siRNA delivery. Biomaterials 2012; 33:6793-807. [PMID: 22721724 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.05.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Due to the absence of safe and effective carriers for in vivo delivery, the applications of small interference RNA (siRNA) in clinic for therapeutic purposes have been limited. In this study, a biodegradable amphiphilic tri-block copolymer (mPEG(2000)-PLA(3000)-b-R(15)) composed of monomethoxy poly(ethylene glycol), poly(d,l-lactide) and polyarginine was synthesized and further self-assembled to cationic polymeric nanomicelles for in vivo siRNA delivery, with an average diameter of 54.30 ± 3.48 nm and a zeta potential of approximately 34.8 ± 1.77 mV. The chemical structures of the copolymers were well characterized by (1)H NMR spectroscopy and FT-IR spectra. In vitro cytotoxicity and hemolysis assays demonstrated that the polymeric nanomicelles showed greater cell viability and haemocompatibility than those of polyethyleneimine (PEI) or R(15) peptide. In vitro experiments demonstrated that EGFR targeted siRNA formulated in micelleplexes exhibited approximately 65% inhibition of EGFR expression on MCF-7 cells in a sequence-specific manner, which was comparable to Lipofectamine™ 2000. The results of intravenous administration showed Micelleplex/EGFR-siRNA significantly inhibited tumor growth in nude mice xenografted MCF-7 tumors, with a remarkable inhibition of EGFR expression. Furthermore, no positive activation of the innate immune responses and no significant body weight loss was observed during treatment suggested that this polymeric micelle delivery system is non-toxic. In conclusion, the present nanomicelles based on cationic mPEG(2000)-PLA(3000)-b-R(15) copolymer would be a safe and efficient nanocarrier for in vivo delivery of therapeutic siRNA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Xia Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
79
|
Liu BR, Lin MD, Chiang HJ, Lee HJ. Arginine-rich cell-penetrating peptides deliver gene into living human cells. Gene 2012; 505:37-45. [PMID: 22669044 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2012] [Revised: 04/12/2012] [Accepted: 05/28/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Transgenesis is a process that introduces exogenous nucleic acids into the genome of an organism to produce desired traits or evaluate function. Improvements of transgenic technologies are always important pursuit in the last decades. Recently, cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) were studied as shuttles that can internalize into cells directly and serve as carriers to deliver different cargoes into cells. In the present study, we evaluate whether arginine-rich CPPs can be used for gene delivery into human cells in a noncovalent fashion. We demonstrate that three arginine-rich CPPs (SR9, HR9, and PR9) are able to transport plasmid DNA into human A549 cells. For the functional gene assay, the CPP-delivered plasmid DNA containing the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) coding sequence could be actively expressed in cells. The treatment of calcium chloride did not facilitate the CPP-mediated transfection efficiency, but enhance the gene expression intensity. Mechanistic studies further revealed that HR9/DNA complexes mediate the direct membrane translocation pathway for gene delivery. Our results suggest that arginine-rich CPPs, especially HR9, appear to be a high efficient and promising tool for gene transfer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Betty Revon Liu
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
80
|
Montenegro J, Bang EK, Sakai N, Matile S. Synthesis of an Enlarged Library of Dynamic DNA Activators with Oxime, Disulfide and Hydrazone Bridges. Chemistry 2012; 18:10436-43. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201200550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
81
|
Bacalocostantis I, Mane VP, Kang MS, Goodley AS, Muro S, Kofinas P. Effect of thiol pendant conjugates on plasmid DNA binding, release, and stability of polymeric delivery vectors. Biomacromolecules 2012; 13:1331-9. [PMID: 22515194 DOI: 10.1021/bm3004786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Polymers have attracted much attention as potential gene delivery vectors due to their chemical and structural versatility. However, several challenges associated with polymeric carriers, including low transfection efficiencies, insufficient cargo release, and high cytotoxicity levels have prevented clinical implementation. Strong electrostatic interactions between polymeric carriers and DNA cargo can prohibit complete cargo release within the cell. As a result, cargo DNA never reaches the cell's nucleus where gene expression takes place. In addition, highly charged cationic polymers have been correlated with high cytotoxicity levels, making them unsuitable carriers in vivo. Using poly(allylamine) (PAA) as a model, we investigated how pH-sensitive disulfide cross-linked polymer networks can improve the delivery potential of cationic polymer carriers. To accomplish this, we conjugated thiol-terminated pendant chains onto the primary amines of PAA using 2-iminothiolane, developing three new polymer vectors with 5, 13, or 20% thiol modification. Unmodified PAA and thiol-conjugated polymers were tested for their ability to bind and release plasmid DNA, their capacity to protect genetic cargo from enzymatic degradation, and their potential for endolysosomal escape. Our results demonstrate that polymer-plasmid complexes (polyplexes) formed by the 13% thiolated polymer demonstrate the greatest delivery potential. At high N/P ratios, all thiolated polymers (but not unmodified counterparts) were able to resist decomplexation in the presence of heparin, a negatively charged polysaccharide used to mimic in vivo polyplex-protein interactions. Further, all thiolated polymers exhibited higher buffering capacities than unmodified PAA and, therefore, have a greater potential for endolysosomal escape. However, 5 and 20% thiolated polymers exhibited poor DNA binding-release kinetics, making them unsuitable carriers for gene delivery. The 13% thiolated polymers, on the other hand, displayed high DNA binding efficiency and pH-sensitive release.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Bacalocostantis
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
82
|
|
83
|
Blevins KS, Jeong JH, Ou M, Brumbach JH, Kim SW. EphA2 targeting peptide tethered bioreducible poly(cystamine bisacrylamide-diamino hexane) for the delivery of therapeutic pCMV-RAE-1γ to pancreatic islets. J Control Release 2011; 158:115-22. [PMID: 22062690 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2011] [Revised: 10/17/2011] [Accepted: 10/20/2011] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of type-1 diabetes is complicated, and a clear, single mechanism has yet to be identified. Reports have indicated that the activating receptor NKG2D plays an important role in the development of disease. Exploiting a natural phenomenon observed in tumors, plasmid DNA encoding for a soluble ligand to NKG2D (sRAE-1γ) was isolated and engineered into a plasmid expression system. A polymeric gene delivery system was developed to deliver the soluble RAE-1 plasmid locally to the pancreatic islets for the prevention of type-1 diabetes. The bioreducible cationic polymer poly(cystamine bisacrylamide-diamino hexane) (p(CBA-DAH)) was modified with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and the targeting peptide CHVLWSTRC, known to target the EphA2 and EphA4 receptors. The PEG serves to improve stability and tissue selectivity, while the peptide will target EphA2 and A4, overexpressed in the pancreatic microvasculature. The targeting polymer Eph-PEG-p(CBA-DAH) shows selective uptake by the target cell line, indicative of the targeting properties that will be seen in systemic administration. Using the delivery system, the therapeutic plasmid can be delivered to the pancreas, reduce interactions between the beta-cells and infiltrating NKG2D positive lymphocytes, and effectively protect beta-cells from autoimmune destruction and prevent type 1 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine S Blevins
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, 20 South 2030 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112-5820, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|