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Bing H, Zhong Z, Wang X, Zhu H, Wu Y. Spatiotemporal distribution of vanadium in the flooding soils mediated by entrained-sediment flow and altitude in the Three Gorges Reservoir. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 724:138246. [PMID: 32247140 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The re-emergence of vanadium (V) as a toxic metal has been highlighted recently due to its long-standing environmental and health hazard. This work targeted the world largest reservoir-Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) to explore the spatial variation of V in the flooding soils from 2014 to 2018; meanwhile, the typical riparian zones with different altitudes and land-uses at the middle reach of the TGR were selected to decipher the key drivers on the V distribution. The results showed that the concentrations of soil V in the mainstream markedly exceeded local background, but they did not vary significantly with time except a marked increase at the upper-middle reaches. Spatially, the concentrations of soil V increased towards the dam, and the increase trend became increasingly significant with time. At the typical riparian zone, the concentrations of soil V decreased strikingly with altitude despite the difference in the land-uses, and a marked change-point occurred at 160-165 m. The soil V dominated by residual fraction, followed by oxidizable and reducible fractions, and then the minimal acid-soluble fraction. The contamination and eco-risk of V in the soils were low with similar spatiotemporal variation to its concentrations. Entrained-sediment flow and particle size rather than pH and organic matters led to the spatiotemporal variation in the distribution of soil V in the mainstream, and the driving effects tended to be more predominant with time. Altitude-regulated alteration of soil properties including particle sizes and iron/manganese (hydr)oxides with different flooding duration dominated the vertical distribution of V over the local land-uses at the riparian zone. Our results reveal the hotspots of V contamination in the riparian soils of the TGR and highlight unceasing focus on the variation in the distribution and dynamic migration of soil V due to its levels out of limits and changing soil conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijian Bing
- The Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Zhilin Zhong
- The Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- School of Land and Resources, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - He Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yanhong Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Chen T, Yan ZA, Xu D, Wang M, Huang J, Yan B, Xiao X, Ning X. Current situation and forecast of environmental risks of a typical lead-zinc sulfide tailings impoundment based on its geochemical characteristics. J Environ Sci (China) 2020; 93:120-128. [PMID: 32446447 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2020.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The potential environmental implications of a Pb (Lead)-Zn (Zinc) sulfide tailing impoundment were found to be dependent on its geochemical characteristics. One typical lead-zinc sulfide tailing impoundment was studied. Ten boreholes were set with the grid method and 36 tailings were sampled and tested. According to the results of metal content analysis, the tailing samples contained considerably high contents of heavy metals, ranging from 6.99 to 89.0 mg/kg for Cd, 75.3 to 602 mg/kg for Cu, 0.53% to 2.63% for Pb and 0.30% to 2.54% for Zn. Most of the heavy metals in the sample matrix showed a uniform concentration distribution, except Cd. Cd, Pb, Zn, and Mn were associated with each other, and were considered to be the dominant contributors based on hierarchical cluster analysis. XRD, SEM and XPS were employed for evaluation of the tailing weathering characteristics, confirming that the tailings had undergone intensive weathering. The maximum potential acidity of the tailings reached 244 kg H2SO4/ton; furthermore, the bioavailability of heavy metals like Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu, and Zn was 37.8%, 12.9%, 12.2%, 5.95%, and 5.46% respectively. These metals would be potentially released into drainage by the weathering process. Analysis of a gastrointestinal model showed that Pb, Cr, Ni and Cu contained in the tailings were high-risk metals. Thus, control of the heavy metals' migration and their environmental risks should be planned from the perspective of geochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Zi-Ang Yan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Damao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Minghui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jian Huang
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bo Yan
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Xianming Xiao
- China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xunan Ning
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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53
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Bang H, Kim J, Kim K, Hyun S. Effect of drying treatment on the leachability of metallic elements from weathered solid mine wastes. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 248:126111. [PMID: 32050318 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Leaching of toxic metallic elements (Cu, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb) from two solid mine wastes was characterized under different drying treatments. During 14 batch decant-refill leaching steps, samples were intermittently dried four times in 40 °C oven or -20 °C freezer. For all leachates, the pH, pE, Fe2+/Fe3+, and SO42- were analyzed. The parameters of the two-site model (kfast, kslow, and ffast) and labile fractions (F1 + F2) were determined. High levels of toxic metallic elements were determined in waste samples; however, their leaching was limited, as evidenced by the magnitudes of F1 + F2, ffast, and kslow. Leachate solutions were acidic, at pH 3-4, and oxic, at 150 mV < Eh 300 < mV, thus having negligible Fe2+. Leachate concentrations of toxic metallic elements increased (4-58%) after drying at 40 °C and were strongly correlated (r2 = 0.780) with those of sulfate in liquid phase. The mass of element elution was in the order of 40 °C drying > -20 °C drying ≥ continuous wetting. Results indicate that the element leachability is increased through drying events and the leachate concentration is associated with the dissolution reaction of sulfur-bearing minerals. Frequent occurrence of prolonged droughts along with high temperatures over the mine waste disposal site, can enhance the leaching potential of toxic metallic elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunwoo Bang
- Department of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhee Kim
- Department of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungmin Kim
- Department of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghun Hyun
- Department of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
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54
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Yang JY, Luo HQ, Zhu YY, Yu YQ, He WY, Wu ZZ, Wang B. Adsorption-desorption and co-migration of vanadium on colloidal kaolinite. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:17910-17922. [PMID: 32166686 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-07845-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Vanadium (V) pollution in soil has been widely noted, while knowledge about the effect of soil colloid on migration of V is scarce. Batch adsorption-desorption and transportation of the colloid-adsorbed V in columns packed with quartz sand under various environment conditions were carried out to explore the retention and transportation of V by colloidal kaolinite. Batch adsorption-desorption studies show that the adsorption of V by the colloidal kaolinite was mainly specific adsorption and redox played a limited role in the adsorption process. The maximum adsorption capacity of the colloidal kaolinite was 712.4 mg g-1, and about 5.9-8.7% of the adsorbed V could be desorbed. Both the adsorption-desorption and migration of V with colloidal kaolinite were highly ambient condition dependent. The column studies show that V was highly mobile in the saturated porous media. An easier transfer of V with an increase in pH, IS, and velocity of flow was noted. However, the increase of IS lead to the blockage of the colloidal kaolinite transportation. The recovery rate of the colloidal kaolinite at pH 7 and 9 was 2.0 and 2.1 times that at pH 5, respectively. The migration of colloidal-adsorbed V in sand column preceded that of V ion, but more colloidal-bound V than V ion remained in the column. Lack of consideration of the combination and co-transportation of V and colloidal kaolinite will lead to an overestimation of the risk of V to deeper soil profiles and groundwater. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Yan Yang
- College of Architecture and Environment & Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hou-Qiao Luo
- College of Architecture and Environment & Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yan-Yuan Zhu
- College of Architecture and Environment & Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Ya-Qi Yu
- College of Architecture and Environment & Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Wen-Yan He
- College of Architecture and Environment & Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Zhen-Zhong Wu
- College of Architecture and Environment & Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Bin Wang
- College of Architecture and Environment & Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
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55
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Aihemaiti A, Gao Y, Meng Y, Chen X, Liu J, Xiang H, Xu Y, Jiang J. Review of plant-vanadium physiological interactions, bioaccumulation, and bioremediation of vanadium-contaminated sites. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 712:135637. [PMID: 31810710 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Vanadium is a multivalent redox-sensitive metal that is widely distributed in the environment. Low levels of vanadium elevate plant height, root length, and biomass production due to enhanced chlorophyll biosynthesis, seed germination, essential element uptake, and nitrogen assimilation and utilization. However, high vanadium concentrations disrupt energy metabolism and matter cycling; inhibit key enzymes mediating energy production, protein synthesis, ion transportation, and other important physiological processes; and lead to growth retardation, root and shoot abnormalities, and even death of plants. The threshold level of toxicity is highly plant species-specific, and in most cases, the half maximal effective concentration (EC50) of vanadium for plants grown under hydroponic conditions and in soil varies from 1 to 50 mg/L, and from 18 to 510 mg/kg, respectively. Plants such as Chinese green mustard, chickpea, and bunny cactus could accumulate high concentrations of vanadium in their tissues, and thus are suitable for decontaminating and reclaiming of vanadium-polluted soils on a large scale. Soil pH, organic matter, and the contents of iron and aluminum (hydr)oxides, phosphorus, calcium, and other coexisting elements affect the bioavailability, toxicity, and plant uptake of vanadium. Mediation of these conditions or properties in vanadium-contaminated soils could improve plant tolerance, accumulation, or exclusion, thereby enhancing phytoremediation efficiency. Phytoremediation with the assistance of soil amendments and microorganisms is a promising method for decontamination of vanadium polluted soils.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuchen Gao
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuan Meng
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xuejing Chen
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jiwei Liu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Honglin Xiang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yiwen Xu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jianguo Jiang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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56
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Vessey CJ, Lindsay MBJ. Aqueous Vanadate Removal by Iron(II)-Bearing Phases under Anoxic Conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:4006-4015. [PMID: 32142601 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b06250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Vanadium contamination is a growing environmental hazard worldwide. Aqueous vanadate (HxVVO4(3-x)-(aq)) concentrations are often controlled by surface complexation with metal (oxyhydr)oxides in oxic environments. However, the geochemical behavior of this toxic redox-sensitive oxyanion in anoxic environments is poorly constrained. Here, we describe results of batch experiments to determine kinetics and mechanisms of aqueous H2VVO4- (100 μM) removal under anoxic conditions in suspensions (2.0 g L-1) of magnetite, siderite, pyrite, and mackinawite. We present results of parallel experiments using ferrihydrite (2.0 g L-1) and Fe2+(aq) (200 μM) for comparison. Siderite and mackinawite reached near complete removal (46 μmol g-1) of aqueous vanadate after 3 h and rates were generally consistent with ferrihydrite, whereas magnetite removed 18 μmol g-1 of aqueous vanadate after 48 h and uptake by pyrite was limited. Removal during reaction with Fe2+(aq) was observed after 8 h, concomitant with precipitation of secondary Fe phases. X-ray absorption spectroscopy revealed V(V) reduction to V(IV) and formation of bidentate corner-sharing surface complexes on magnetite and siderite, and with Fe2+(aq) reaction products. These data also suggest that V(IV) is incorporated into the mackinawite structure. Overall, we demonstrate that Fe(II)-bearing phases can promote aqueous vanadate attenuation and, therefore, limit dissolved V concentrations in anoxic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colton J Vessey
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Matthew B J Lindsay
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
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57
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Moore EK, Hao J, Spielman SJ, Yee N. The evolving redox chemistry and bioavailability of vanadium in deep time. GEOBIOLOGY 2020; 18:127-138. [PMID: 32048807 DOI: 10.1111/gbi.12375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The incorporation of metal cofactors into protein active sites and/or active regions expanded the network of microbial metabolism during the Archean eon. The bioavailability of crucial metal cofactors is largely influenced by earth surface redox state, which impacted the timing of metabolic evolution. Vanadium (V) is a unique element in geo-bio-coevolution due to its complex redox chemistry and specific biological functions. Thus, the extent of microbial V utilization potentially represents an important link between the geo- and biospheres in deep time. In this study, we used geochemical modeling and network analysis to investigate the availability and chemical speciation of V in the environment, and the emergence and changing chemistry of V-containing minerals throughout earth history. The redox state of V shifted from a more reduced V(III) state in Archean aqueous geochemistry and mineralogy to more oxidized V(IV) and V(V) states in the Proterozoic and Phanerozoic. The weathering of vanadium sulfides, vanadium alkali metal minerals, and vanadium alkaline earth metal minerals were potential sources of V to the environment and microbial utilization. Community detection analysis of the expanding V mineral network indicates tectonic and redox influence on the distribution of V mineral-forming elements. In reducing environments, energetic drivers existed for V to potentially be involved in early nitrogen fixation, while in oxidizing environments vanadate ( VO43-]]> ) could have acted as a metabolic electron acceptor and phosphate mimicking enzyme inhibitor. The coevolving chemical speciation and biological functions of V due to earth's changing surface redox conditions demonstrate the crucial links between the geosphere and biosphere in the evolution of metabolic electron transfer pathways and biogeochemical cycles from the Archean to Phanerozoic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eli K Moore
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Earth and the Environment, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, USA
| | - Jihua Hao
- University of Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Ens de Lyon, CNRS, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Stephanie J Spielman
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Mathematics, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, USA
| | - Nathan Yee
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
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58
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Chen L, Zhu YY, Luo HQ, Yang JY. Characteristic of adsorption, desorption, and co-transport of vanadium on humic acid colloid. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 190:110087. [PMID: 31869720 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.110087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the interactions between humic acid colloid (HAC) and vanadium (V) in soils is of great importance in forecasting the behaviors and fates of V in the soil and groundwater systems. This study investigated the characteristics and factors that affect V adsorption-desorption by the HAC; meanwhile, we also explored the co-transport of the HAC and V in a saturated porous media. Scanning Electronic Microscopy micrographs showed the variation of morphological features on the surface of the HAC before and after V adsorption. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectra revealed that the presence of hydroxyl, carboxyl, carbonyl, carbon-carbon double bond, amino, and aromatic ring on the HAC participated in V adsorption. The adsorption isotherms were well described by the Langmuir model, and the adsorption kinetics of the HAC was better described by the pseudo-first-order kinetic models. The adsorption-desorption was strongly dependent on the initial V concentration, solution pH, and temperature. The maximum adsorption amount was 861.17 mg g-1 by 200 mg L-1 HAC at the initial V concentration of 500 mg L-1, and the corresponding desorption amount was 15.13 mg g-1. These results showed that the HAC had high fixation capacity of V in soil. In addition, the HAC sped up the mobility of V; however, it decreased mass of migration of V in the saturated quartz sand column. These results are expected to provide insight into the potential impact of HAC on geochemical behaviours of V in vulnerable ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- College of Architecture and Environment & Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yan-Yuan Zhu
- College of Architecture and Environment & Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Hou-Qiao Luo
- College of Architecture and Environment & Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Jin-Yan Yang
- College of Architecture and Environment & Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
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59
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Li M, Zhang B, Zou S, Liu Q, Yang M. Highly selective adsorption of vanadium (V) by nano-hydrous zirconium oxide-modified anion exchange resin. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 384:121386. [PMID: 31635822 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Adsorption is widely used in removal of toxic vanadium (V) [V(V)] from water streams, and a fit-for-purpose adsorbent plays a vital role in this process. Herein HZrO@D201, an adsorbent with decoration of nanosized hydrous zirconium oxide (HZrO) on anion exchange resin D201, is fabricated for efficient V(V) removal. Compared to pristine D201, HZrO@D201 excelled in V(V) removal with a maximum adsorption capacity of 118.1 mg/g, due to potential formation of inner sphere complexation between V(V) and HZrO. HZrO@D201 could also functioned well in a wide pH range (3.00 to 9.00) and exhibited outstanding selective V(V) adsorption under the presence of competing anions (chloride, nitrate, sulfate, and phosphate). The adsorption thermodynamics was in accordance with the Langmuir model, while adsorption kinetics followed the Pseudo-Second-Order model. When treating actual vanadium contaminated groundwater from Panzhihua region (China), HZrO@D201 indicated a satisfactory lifespan in the column experiment for V(V) removal (2.41 times longer than D201), and the treated groundwater could meet the vanadium standard of drinking water source in China (less than 50 μg/L). Regeneration of HZrO@D201 was easily achievable with negligible capacity loss. Results from this work suggests a promising application potential of HZrO@D201 in vanadium pollution control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- School of Water Resources and Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Baogang Zhang
- School of Water Resources and Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, PR China.
| | - Shiqiang Zou
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24060, USA
| | - Qingsong Liu
- School of Water Resources and Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Meng Yang
- School of Water Resources and Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, PR China
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60
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Chen L, Wang D, Long C, Cui ZX. Effect of biodegradable chelators on induced phytoextraction of uranium- and cadmium- contaminated soil by Zebrina pendula Schnizl. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19817. [PMID: 31875012 PMCID: PMC6930220 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56262-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of ethylenediamine-N,N'-disuccinic acid (EDDS), oxalic acid (OA), and citric acid (CA) on phytoextraction of U- and Cd-contaminated soil by Z. pendula. In this study, the biomass of tested plant inhibited significantly following treatment with the high concentration (7.5 mmol·kg-1) EDDS treatment. Maximum U and Cd concentration in the single plant was observed with the 5 mmol·kg-1 CA and 7.5 mmol·kg-1 EDDS treatment, respectively, whereas OA treatments had the lowest U and Cd uptake. The translocation factors of U and Cd reached the maximum in the 5 mmol·kg-1 EDDS. The maximum bioaccumulation of U and Cd in the single plants was 1032.14 µg and 816.87 µg following treatment with 5 mmol·kg-1 CA treatment, which was 6.60- and 1.72-fold of the control groups, respectively. Furthermore, the resultant rank order for available U and Cd content in the soil was CA > EDDS > OA (U) and EDDS > CA > OA (Cd). These results suggested that CA could greater improve the capacity of phytoextraction using Z. pendula in U- and Cd- contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Dan Wang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China.
| | - Chan Long
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Zheng-Xu Cui
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
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61
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Deng R, Xie Z, Liu Z, Tao C. Leaching kinetics of vanadium catalyzed by electric field coupling with sodium persulfate. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2019.113542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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62
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Extreme Environments and High-Level Bacterial Tellurite Resistance. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7120601. [PMID: 31766694 PMCID: PMC6955997 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7120601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria have long been known to possess resistance to the highly toxic oxyanion tellurite, most commonly though reduction to elemental tellurium. However, the majority of research has focused on the impact of this compound on microbes, namely E. coli, which have a very low level of resistance. Very little has been done regarding bacteria on the other end of the spectrum, with three to four orders of magnitude greater resistance than E. coli. With more focus on ecologically-friendly methods of pollutant removal, the use of bacteria for tellurite remediation, and possibly recovery, further highlights the importance of better understanding the effect on microbes, and approaches for resistance/reduction. The goal of this review is to compile current research on bacterial tellurite resistance, with a focus on high-level resistance by bacteria inhabiting extreme environments.
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63
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Dong Y, Zhao Y, Lin H, Liu C. Effect of physical and chemical properties of vanadium slag from stone coal on the form of vanadium. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:33004-33013. [PMID: 31512123 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06381-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Vanadium mining and smelting activities were increasing extensively and causing serious vanadium pollution in soil around the mining area. Different existing forms of vanadium had different biological effects and the exchangeable state had been recognized as a severe threat to biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. At present, the research on vanadium morphology had not received much attention. In this study, the area that we researched had been severely polluted with vanadium due to mining and smelting activities. The changes in the morphology of vanadium in soil were studied by adjusting the organic matter content, clay mineral content, pH value, and Eh value. The results showed that at pH 8 and for 1% of humic acid added, the exchangeable fraction of vanadium in the slag was 10% and 9%, respectively, which was 5% and 6% lower than the control group. The addition of kaolin and the redox change had little effect on the exchangeable fraction of vanadium, with a change of only about 2%. To control the soil pollution caused by slag and to repair its ecological characteristics, kaolin and humic acid were used for the repair test. The results showed that after 1% humic acid mixed with 8% kaolin was added in soil, the germination rate of ryegrass reached 95% and grew flourishingly which is significantly better than other treatment groups. Our research can provide a reference for future vanadium pollution control, especially in the morphology of vanadium research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingbo Dong
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory on Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yiming Zhao
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory on Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Hai Lin
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory on Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Chenjing Liu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory on Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, Beijing, 100083, China
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64
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Xu YH, Brandl H, Osterwalder S, Elzinga EJ, Huang JH. Vanadium-basidiomycete fungi interaction and its impact on vanadium biogeochemistry. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 130:104891. [PMID: 31234005 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Fungi are well known to strongly interact with metals, thereby influencing metal biogeochemistry in the terrestrial environment. To assess and quantify potential fungi-vanadium (V) interactions, Amanita muscaria, Armillaria cepistipes, Xerocomus badius and Bjerkandera adusta were cultured in media containing soluble V (VOSO4 or NaVO3) or solid-phase V of different chemical forms and oxidation state (V2O3, VO2, V2O5, or V-Ti magnetite slag). All fungi underwent physiological and structural changes, as revealed by alterations in FT-IR peak positions and intensities relative to the control, and morphological changes of mycelia, as observed by scanning electron microscopy. The diametric growth size generally decreased with decreasing oxidation state of V and with increasing concentrations of VOSO4 and NaVO3, implying that V toxicity is dependent on V speciation. The tolerance index, the ratio of treated and control mycelium (dry weight), shows different tendencies, suggesting additional factors influencing fungi weight, such as the formation of extrahyphal crystals. Vanadium accumulation from VOSO4 and NaVO3 medium in all fungi (up to 51.3 mg g-1) shows the potential of fungi to immobilise soluble V, thereby reducing its impacts on environmental and human health. Uptake and accumulation of V in slag was insignificant, reflecting the association of slag V with insoluble crystalline materials. The fungal accumulation of V in medium amended with V-oxides demonstrates the ability of fungi to solubilise solid-phase V compounds, thereby introducing previously immobile V into the V biogeochemical cycle and into the food chain where it may impact ecological and human health. A.muscaria lowered the pH of the medium substantially during cultivation, indicating acidolysis and complexolysis via excretion of organic acids (e.g. oxalic acid). Oxidation of VOSO4 was observed by a colour change of the medium to yellow during B. adusta cultivation, revealing the role of fungally-mediated redox transformation in V (im)mobilisation. The calculated removal efficiencies of soluble V were 40-90% for A. cepistipes and X. badius, but a much lower recovery (0-20%) was observed from V oxides and slag (0-20%) by all fungi. This suggests the probable application of fungi for bio-remediation of mobile/soluble V in contaminated soils but not of V incorporated in the lattice of soil minerals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hui Xu
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland; Soil Institute, Sichuan Academy of Environmental Sciences, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Helmut Brandl
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Osterwalder
- Environmental Geosciences, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Evert J Elzinga
- Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Jen-How Huang
- Environmental Geosciences, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.
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65
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Zhai H, Xue M, Du Z, Wang D, Zhou F, Feng P, Liang DL. Leaching behaviors and chemical fraction distribution of exogenous selenium in three agricultural soils through simulated rainfall. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 173:393-400. [PMID: 30797097 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To clarify the leaching risk of selenium (Se) in agricultural soils, a laboratory column experiment was conducted to study the characteristics of leaching and chemical fractions of Se in three different soils treated with different levels of exogenous selenate under simulated local rainfall. Results demonstrated that the Se concentration in leachates of all tested soils decreased rapidly at the beginning of leaching and slowly decreased thereafter. After leaching, Se concentrations in leachates of all tested soils at 1, 3, and 6 mg/kg exogenous Se concentrations were 0.06-0.24, 0.25-0.84, and 0.60-1.65 mg/L, respectively, which exceeded the standard limit of the Chinese Environmental Quality Standards for Groundwater (<0.01 mg/L) (GB/T 14848-2017). The cumulative leached Se amount accounted for 51.27-86.22% of the total Se. Those results indicated the high risk of Se leaching in the tested soils. The Elovich model could better describe Se leaching processes in krasnozem, while the leaching processes of Se in black soil and loess soil accorded with the power function model. Se mainly existed in soluble fraction (61.33-81.05%) before leaching and residual fraction (48.91-68.04%) after leaching. The soluble and exchangeable Se fractions were the main contributors of Se in leachates. In addition, the parameters of the Uts and IR values could well describe the distribution of Se fractions in soil during leaching. In general, more attention should be placed on the assessment of Se leaching in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhai
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Mingyue Xue
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zekun Du
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Dan Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Fei Zhou
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Puyang Feng
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Dong-Li Liang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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66
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Zhang Y, Zhang TA, Dreisinger D, Lv C, Lv G, Zhang W. Recovery of vanadium from calcification roasted-acid leaching tailing by enhanced acid leaching. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 369:632-641. [PMID: 30826556 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.02.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Vanadium contained tailing generated from the typical calcium roasting-acid leaching process is contaminant and waste of resource. Atmospheric and pressurized leaching were conducted and compared to recover the vanadium from the vanadium tailing and improve the tailing's environmental quality. Orthogonal experiments were designed and applied for the atmospheric leaching study. It is shown that the extraction efficiency of V changed from 29.6% to 43.5% while the extraction efficiency of Fe, Cr, Ti, Mg remained stable under 4% with variable atmospheric leaching conditions. In the pressurized leaching experiments, the effects of leaching temperature, H2SO4 concentration, liquid to solid ratio and leaching time on the extraction of V, Fe, and Ti were investigated. Under the optimum conditions (the temperature of 413.15 K, H2SO4 concentration of 300 g/L, liquid to solid ratio of 8:1 mL/g and the reaction time of 100 min), the extraction efficiencies of V, Fe, and Ti reached 91.7%, 60.1% and 46.5% respectively, a leach residue contains only 0.13% of stable vanadium was obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Ecological Utilization of Multimetallic Mineral, School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 100819, China; Department of Materials Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Ting-An Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Ecological Utilization of Multimetallic Mineral, School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 100819, China.
| | - David Dreisinger
- Department of Materials Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Changxiao Lv
- Key Laboratory for Ecological Utilization of Multimetallic Mineral, School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 100819, China
| | - Guozhi Lv
- Key Laboratory for Ecological Utilization of Multimetallic Mineral, School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 100819, China
| | - Weiguang Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Ecological Utilization of Multimetallic Mineral, School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 100819, China
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67
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Hu X, Peng X, Kong L, Zhu F. The mechanism for promoted oxygenation of V(IV) by goethite: Positive effect of surface hydroxyl groups. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 369:254-260. [PMID: 30780021 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The most toxic and mobile form of vanadium (V) is V(V). Thus, the oxidation of V is a subject of considerable importance since the process may increase environmental risks of V. V(IV) is known to be stable when pH < 4.5. However, in this study, stable V(IV) was oxidized almost completely in goethite suspension within 60 min at pH 2.0 and pH 4.0, correspondingly, only 25%-30% and 15%-20% of V(IV) were oxidized in equimolar Fe3+ solution and the blank solution, respectively. The promoted oxidation of V(IV) by FeOOH is attributed to the formation of the complex, VO(OFe<)+ or VO(OFe<)2. On the one hand, the formation of the complex caused higher pH in the interface of solid FeOOH and corresponding lower conditional potential of V(V)/V(IV) than those in bulk solutions, which facilitates the oxidation of V(IV). On the other hand, the surface group OFe < may serve as a medium that facilitating the electron transfer from V(IV) ions to dissolved oxygen molecules, also favoring the oxidation of V(IV). This study not only deepens our understanding of the transfer, transformation, and risk of V in environments, but also provides a reference to speculate the fate of similar elements in environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recovery, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Xianjia Peng
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recovery, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resource and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Linghao Kong
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recovery, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recovery, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
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68
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Di Carlo E, Boullemant A, Courtney R. A field assessment of bauxite residue rehabilitation strategies. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 663:915-926. [PMID: 30738270 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Bauxite residue, the by-product of the alumina industry, is mainly stored in land-based bauxite residue disposal areas (BRDAs). Environmental concern has been raised due to the large volumes in stockpile, the high alkalinity of the material, as well as the presence of elevated concentrations of trace elements. If not adequately managed, BRDAs can act as a source of pollution. In order to minimize the environmental risk, revegetation is implemented to stabilize the residue against water and wind erosion. Currently, two main approaches are used: the use of amendments or the installation of a capping layer. However, few studies evaluating the long-term success and self-sustainability of the rehabilitation programs have been published. A series of field-established rehabilitation strategies reflecting both direct revegetation and revegetation on capping layer were assessed in terms of both soil and plant quality. Soil physico-chemical properties, including pseudo-total and plant-available fractions of nutrients and trace elements, were determined over a summer and winter seasons and aerial portions of vegetation were analysed for nutrients and trace elements. Failure to adequately lower alkalinity remains the major constraint to long-term rehabilitation success of bauxite residue. This is evidenced from poor soil properties in unamended residue and in residue capped with a shallow soil layer, as well from vegetation displaying excessive concentrations of certain elements. Certain elements exceeded typical ranges for non-contaminated soils (i.e. Cr, Fe, Na, Ni and V), with some showing excessive plant-available fractions (i.e. of Al, As, Cr, Hg and V). Vegetation analysis found excessive uptake of some elements (i.e. of Al, Na, Fe, Cr and V). Future attempts for bauxite residue rehabilitation should include both gypsum and organic amendments, while a capping layer may only be effective if either a deep layer (>1 m) is installed or if the underlying residue is sufficiently treated prior to capping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Di Carlo
- University of Limerick, Department of Biological Sciences & The Bernal Institute, Co. Limerick, Ireland
| | | | - Ronan Courtney
- University of Limerick, Department of Biological Sciences & The Bernal Institute, Co. Limerick, Ireland.
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69
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Hudson-Edwards KA, Byrne P, Bird G, Brewer PA, Burke IT, Jamieson HE, Macklin MG, Williams RD. Origin and Fate of Vanadium in the Hazeltine Creek Catchment following the 2014 Mount Polley Mine Tailings Spill in British Columbia, Canada. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:4088-4098. [PMID: 30829475 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b06391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Results from the analysis of aqueous and solid-phase V speciation within samples collected from the Hazeltine Creek catchment affected by the August 2014 Mount Polley mine tailings dam failure in British Columbia, Canada, are presented. Electron microprobe and X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) analysis found that V is present as V3+ substituted into magnetite and V3+ and V4+ substituted into titanite, both of which occur in the spilled Mount Polley tailings. Secondary Fe oxyhydroxides forming in inflow waters and on creek beds have V K-edge XANES spectra exhibiting E1/2 positions and pre-edge features consistent with the presence of V5+ species, suggesting sorption of this species on these secondary phases. PHREEQC modeling suggests that the stream waters mostly contain V5+ and the inflow and pore waters contain a mixture of V3+ and V5+. These data, and stream, inflow, and pore water chemical data, suggest that dissolution of V(III)-bearing magnetite, V(III)- and V(IV)-bearing titanite, V(V)-bearing Fe(-Al-Si-Mn) oxhydroxides, and V-bearing Al(OH)3 and/or clay minerals may have occurred. In the circumneutral pH environment of Hazeltine Creek, elevated V concentrations are likely naturally attenuated by formation of V(V)-bearing secondary Fe oxyhydroxide, Al(OH)3, or clay mineral colloids, suggesting that the V is not bioavailable. A conceptual model describing the origin and fate of V in Hazeltine Creek that is applicable to other river systems is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen A Hudson-Edwards
- Environment & Sustainability Institute and Camborne School of Mines , University of Exeter , Penryn , Cornwall TR10 9FE , U.K
| | - Patrick Byrne
- School of Natural Sciences and Psychology , Liverpool John Moores University , Liverpool L3 3AF , U.K
| | - Graham Bird
- School of Natural Sciences , Bangor University , Bangor , Gwynedd LL57 2UW , U.K
| | - Paul A Brewer
- Department of Geography and Earth Sciences , Aberystwyth University , Penglais, Aberystwyth , Ceredigion SY23 3DB , U.K
| | - Ian T Burke
- School of Earth and Environment , University of Leeds , Leeds LS2 9JT , U.K
| | - Heather E Jamieson
- Department of Geological Sciences and Geological Engineering , Queen's University , Kingston , Ontario K7L 3N6 , Canada
| | - Mark G Macklin
- Lincoln Centre for Water and Planetary Health, School of Geography, College of Science , University of Lincoln , Brayford Pool , Lincoln , Lincolnshire LN6 7TS , U.K
| | - Richard D Williams
- School of Geographical and Earth Sciences , University of Glasgow , Glasgow G12 8QQ , U.K
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70
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Zou Q, Xiang H, Jiang J, Li D, Aihemaiti A, Yan F, Liu N. Vanadium and chromium-contaminated soil remediation using VFAs derived from food waste as soil washing agents: A case study. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 232:895-901. [PMID: 30530280 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.11.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Food waste (FW) is environmentally unfriendly and decays easily under ambient conditions. Vanadium (V) and chromium (Cr) contamination in soils has become an increasing concern due to risks to human health and environmental conservation. Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) derived from FW was applied as soil washing agent to treat V and Cr-contaminated soil collected from a former V smelter site in this work. The Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) three-step sequential extraction procedure was used to identify geochemical fractions of V and Cr influencing their mobility and biological toxicity. Optimal parameters of a single washing procedure were determined to be a 4 h contact time, liquid-solid ratio of 10:1, VFAs concentration of 30 g/L, and reaction temperature of 25 °C, considering for typical soil remediation projects and complete anaerobic fermentation of FW. Under the optimal conditions, butyric acid fermentation VFAs attained removal rates of 57.09 and 23.55% for extractable fractions of V and Cr, respectively. Simultaneously, a multi-washing process under a constant liquid-solid ratio using fresh and recycled VFAs was conducted, which led to an improvement on the total removal efficiency of toxic metals. The washing procedure could reach the pollution thresholds for several plants, such as of S. viridis, K. scoparia, M. sativa, and E. indica. This strategy enhances the utilization of VFAs derived from food waste, has a positive effect on V and Cr-contaminated soil remediation, wastewater control of soil washing and FW disposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Zou
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China.
| | - Honglin Xiang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China
| | - Jianguo Jiang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China; Key Laboratory for Solid Waste Management and Environment Safety, Ministry of Education, Beijing 10084, China.
| | - Dean Li
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China
| | | | - Feng Yan
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China
| | - Nuo Liu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China
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71
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Vanadium stimulates pepper plant growth and flowering, increases concentrations of amino acids, sugars and chlorophylls, and modifies nutrient concentrations. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201908. [PMID: 30092079 PMCID: PMC6085002 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Vanadium (V) can be absorbed by plants and regulate their growth and development, although contrasting effects have been reported among species and handling conditions. The objective of this work was to evaluate the beneficial effect of V on pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L.). The plants were grown in a hydroponic system with the application of four V concentrations (0, 5, 10, and 15 μM NH₄VO₃). Four weeks after the beginning of the treatments, growth, flowering, biomass, chlorophyll concentration, total amino acids, total soluble sugars, and nutrients were determined in leaves, stems, and roots. The application of 5 μM V increased plant growth, induced floral bud development, and accelerated flowering. The chlorophyll concentration varied according to the type of plant part analyzed. The concentrations of amino acids and sugars in leaves and roots were higher with 5 μM. With 10 and 15 μM V, the plants were smaller and showed toxicity symptoms. The K concentration in leaves decreased as the V dose increased (0 to 15 μM). However, 5 μM V increased the concentrations of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Mn, and B, exclusively in stems. The application of 15 μM V decreased the concentrations of Mg and Mn in leaves, but increased those of P, Ca, Mg, Cu, and B in roots. We conclude that V has positive effects on pepper growth and development, as well as on the concentrations of amino acids and total sugars. V was antagonistic with K, Mg, and Mn in leaves, while in stems and roots, there was synergism with macro and micronutrients. Vanadium is a beneficial element with the potential to be used in biostimulation approaches of crops like pepper.
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72
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Maltman C, Yurkov V. Bioremediation potential of bacteria able to reduce high levels of selenium and tellurium oxyanions. Arch Microbiol 2018; 200:1411-1417. [DOI: 10.1007/s00203-018-1555-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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73
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Hao L, Zhang B, Feng C, Zhang Z, Lei Z, Shimizu K, Cao X, Liu H, Liu H. Microbial vanadium (V) reduction in groundwater with different soils from vanadium ore mining areas. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 202:272-279. [PMID: 29571148 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.03.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This work investigated the potential of vanadium (V) (V(V)) bioreduction by using soils sampled from four main kinds of vanadium ore mining areas, i.e. vanadium titanomagnetite, stone coal, petroleum associated minerals and uvanite as inocula. During a typical operation cycle of 60 h, the soils from vanadium titanomagnetite area and petroleum associated minerals area exhibited higher V(V) removal efficiencies, about 92.0 ± 2.0% and 91.0 ± 1.9% in comparison to 87.1 ± 1.9% and 69.0 ± 1.1% for the soils from uvanite and stone coal areas, respectively. Results from high-throughput 16 S rRNA gene pyrosequencing analysis reflect the accumulation of Bryobacter and Acidobacteriaceae with capabilities of V(V) reduction, accompanied with other functional species. This study is helpful to search new functional species for V(V) reduction and to develop in situ bioremediations of V(V) polluted groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liting Hao
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences Beijing, Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution (China University of Geosciences Beijing), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Baogang Zhang
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences Beijing, Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution (China University of Geosciences Beijing), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Chuanping Feng
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences Beijing, Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution (China University of Geosciences Beijing), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Zhenya Zhang
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305- 8572, Japan
| | - Zhongfang Lei
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305- 8572, Japan
| | - Kazuya Shimizu
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305- 8572, Japan
| | - Xuelong Cao
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences Beijing, Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution (China University of Geosciences Beijing), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences Beijing, Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution (China University of Geosciences Beijing), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Huipeng Liu
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences Beijing, Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution (China University of Geosciences Beijing), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100083, China
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Wang M, Tang Y, Anderson CWN, Jeyakumar P, Yang J. Effect of simulated acid rain on fluorine mobility and the bacterial community of phosphogypsum. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:15336-15348. [PMID: 29564699 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1408-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of soil and water with fluorine (F) leached from phosphogypsum (PG) stacks is a global environmental issue. Millions of tons of PG is produced each year as a by-product of fertilizer manufacture, and in China, weathering is exacerbated by acid rain. In this work, column leaching experiments using simulated acid rain were run to evaluate the mobility of F and the impact of weathering on native bacterial community composition in PG. After a simulated summer rainfall, 2.42-3.05 wt% of the total F content of PG was leached and the F concentration in leachate was above the quality standard for surface water and groundwater in China. Acid rain had no significant effect on the movement of F in PG. A higher concentration of F was observed at the bottom than the top section of PG columns suggesting mobility and reprecipitation of F. Throughout the simulation, the PG was environmentally safe according the TCLP testing. The dominant bacteria in PG were from the Enterococcus and Bacillus genus. Bacterial community composition in PG leached by simulated acid rain (pH 3.03) was more abundant than at pH 6.88. Information on F mobility and bacterial community in PG under conditions of simulated rain is relevant to management of environmental risk in stockpiled PG waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Wang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Ya Tang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | | | - Paramsothy Jeyakumar
- School of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand
| | - Jinyan Yang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
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75
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Gan M, Ji Z, Fan X, Lv W, Zheng R, Chen X, Liu S, Jiang T. Preparing high-strength titanium pellets for ironmaking as furnace protector: Optimum route for ilmenite oxidation and consolidation. POWDER TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2018.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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76
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Zhang W, Jiang J, Li K, Li T, Li DA, Wang J. Amendment of vanadium-contaminated soil with soil conditioners: A study based on pot experiments with canola plants (Brassica campestris L.). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2018; 20:454-461. [PMID: 29039973 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2017.1365345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We performed pot experiments with canola plants (Brassica campestris L.) to evaluate the effect of eight soil conditioners on the amendment of vanadium (V)-contaminated soil based on analysis of the growth of canola plants and the uptake, bioaccumulation, and translocation of heavy metals. Tested soil conditioners included polyacrylamide (PAM), sepiolite, humic acid (HAC), peat, sludge compost (SC), bentonite, lime, and fly ash. Results from the analysis of the growth of canola plants and the analysis of variance showed that the best soil conditioners for V-contaminated soil were 0.05-0.1 wt% PAM, 1 wt% peat, 1 wt% HAC, and 1 wt% SC; moderately effective soil conditioners included sepiolite and lime. The best combination of soil conditioners was 0.1 wt% PAM, 1 wt% HAC, and 0.15 wt% lime, in addition of 1% ZVI, which increased the biomass and height of canola plants by 1.18-fold and 59.49%, respectively. We conclude that the best combination of soil conditioners determined from this study is promising for mitigating V contamination in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Zhang
- a School of Environment , Tsinghua University , Beijing , China
| | - Jianguo Jiang
- a School of Environment , Tsinghua University , Beijing , China
- b Key Laboratory for Solid Waste Management and Environment Safety , Ministry of Education of China , Beijing , China
- c Collaborative Innovation Center for Regional Environmental Quality , Tsinghua University , Beijing , China
| | - Kaimin Li
- a School of Environment , Tsinghua University , Beijing , China
| | - Tianran Li
- a School of Environment , Tsinghua University , Beijing , China
| | - De' An Li
- a School of Environment , Tsinghua University , Beijing , China
| | - Jiaming Wang
- a School of Environment , Tsinghua University , Beijing , China
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77
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Fang G, Deng Y, Huang M, Dionysiou DD, Liu C, Zhou D. A Mechanistic Understanding of Hydrogen Peroxide Decomposition by Vanadium Minerals for Diethyl Phthalate Degradation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:2178-2185. [PMID: 29376648 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b05303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of naturally occurring minerals with H2O2 affects the remediation efficiency of polluted sites in in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) treatments. However, interactions between vanadium(V) minerals and H2O2 have rarely been explored. In this study, H2O2 decomposition by various vanadium-containing minerals including V(III), V(IV), and V(V) oxides was examined, and the mechanism of hydroxyl radical (•OH) generation for contaminant degradation was studied. Vanadium minerals were found to catalyze H2O2 decomposition efficiently to produce •OH for diethyl phthalate (DEP) degradation in both aqueous solutions with a wide pH range and in soil slurry. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses, and free radical quenching studies suggested that •OH was produced via single electron transfer from V(III)/V(IV) to H2O2 followed a Fenton-like pathway on the surface of V2O3 and VO2 particles, whereas the oxygen vacancy (OV) was mainly responsible for •OH formation on the surface of V2O5 particles. This study provides new insight into the mechanism of interactions between vanadium minerals and H2O2 during H2O2-based ISCO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Fang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Nanjing 210008, P.R. China
| | - Yamei Deng
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Nanjing 210008, P.R. China
| | - Min Huang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Nanjing 210008, P.R. China
| | - Dionysios D Dionysiou
- Environmental Engineering and Science Program, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering (ChEE), University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0071, United States
| | - Cun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Nanjing 210008, P.R. China
| | - Dongmei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Nanjing 210008, P.R. China
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78
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Zheng F, Guo Y, Qiu G, Chen F, Wang S, Sui Y, Jiang T, Yang L. A novel process for preparation of titanium dioxide from Ti-bearing electric furnace slag: NH 4HF 2-HF leaching and hydrolyzing process. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 344:490-498. [PMID: 29096260 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A novel process to prepare titanium dioxide from Ti-bearing electric furnace slag by NH4HF2-HF leaching and hydrolyzing process has been developed. In this present study, the effects of [NH4+]/[F] mXolar ratio, leaching temperature, [F] concentration, liquid/solid mass ratio, leaching time on the Ti extraction, and the phase transformations have been investigated to reveal the leaching mechanism of Ti-bearing electric furnace slag in NH4HF2-HF solution. In the NH4HF2-HF leaching process, the MgTi2O5 and Al2TiO5 are converted to TiF62- and Mg-Al-bearing precipitate. Ti extraction rate reached 98.84% under the optimal conditions. In addition, 98.25% iron ions can be removed in the presence of NaCl prior to hydrolysis process. The effects of pH and temperature on the selective hydrolysis of TiF62- during hydrolysis process were also studied. In the hydrolysis process, the TiF62- is converted to (NH4)2TiOF4. By calcination, high grade TiO2 powder with its purity of 99.88% was obtained, using which the products, well crystallized anatase and rutile, were obtained through roasting at 800°C and 1000°C, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuqiang Zheng
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Yufeng Guo
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China.
| | - Guanzhou Qiu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Feng Chen
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Yulei Sui
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Lingzhi Yang
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
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79
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Wang M, Luo H, Chen Y, Yang J. Leaching Characteristics of Calcium and Strontium from Phosphogypsum Under Acid Rain. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2018; 100:310-315. [PMID: 29177696 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-017-2218-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Phosphogypsum (PG) stored close to phosphorus chemical plants has caused worldwide environmental problems. Column leaching experiments were conducted to evaluate Ca and Sr leaching from PG under simulated acid rain at pH levels typical for rain in the study region (Shifang, China). High concentrations of Ca and Sr in leachates in the first five leaching events could pollute the soil and groundwater around the PG. Leachates pH was lower than and had no correlation with simulated rain pH. No correlations between simulated rain pH and cumulative Ca and Sr content in leachates were noted. Around 2.0%-2.2% of Ca and 0.5%-0.6% of Sr were leached out from PG by the simulated summer rainfall in Shifang. Electrical conductivity values, Ca and Sr concentrations at bottom sections of PG columns were higher than those of top sections, while pH values showed a reverse trend. More precautions should be taken to protect the environment around PG stacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Wang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Houqiao Luo
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yong Chen
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Jinyan Yang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
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80
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Nedrich SM, Chappaz A, Hudson ML, Brown SS, Burton GA. Biogeochemical controls on the speciation and aquatic toxicity of vanadium and other metals in sediments from a river reservoir. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 612:313-320. [PMID: 28854387 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Effects of hydrologic variability on reservoir biogeochemistry are relatively unknown, particularly for less studied metals like vanadium (V). Further, few studies have investigated the fate and effects of sediment-associated V to aquatic organisms in hydrologically variable systems. Our primary objective was to assess effects of hydrologic manipulation on speciation and toxicity of V (range: 635 to 1620mgkg-1) and other metals to Hyalella azteca and Daphnia magna. Sediments were collected from a reservoir located in a former mining area and microcosm experiments were conducted to emulate 7-day drying and inundation periods. Despite high sediment concentrations, V bioavailability remained low with no significant effects to organism survival, growth, or reproduction. The lack of V toxicity was attributed to reduced speciation (III, IV), non-labile complexation, and sorption to Al/Fe/Mn-oxyhydroxides. Zinc (Zn) increased in surface and porewater with inundation, for some sediments exceeding the U.S. EPA threshold for chronic toxicity. While no effects of Zn to organism survival or growth were observed, Zn body concentrations were negatively correlated with H. azteca growth. Results from this study indicate that V bioavailability and environmental risk is dependent on V-speciation, and V is less influenced by hydrologic variability than more labile metals such as Zn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M Nedrich
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Anthony Chappaz
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Michelle L Hudson
- School of Natural Resources and Environment, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Steven S Brown
- Environmental Remediation and Restoration, The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, MI, USA
| | - G Allen Burton
- School of Natural Resources and Environment, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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81
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Wang L, Lin H, Dong Y, He Y, Liu C. Isolation of vanadium-resistance endophytic bacterium PRE01 from Pteris vittata in stone coal smelting district and characterization for potential use in phytoremediation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 341:1-9. [PMID: 28759788 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the V-resistant endophytic bacteria isolated from V-accumulator Pteris vittata grown on stone coal smelting district. Among all the ten isolates, the strain PRE01 identified as Serratia marcescens ss marcescens by Biolog GEN III MicroPlate™ was screened out by ranking first in terms of heavy metal resistance and plant growth promoting traits. The S. marcescens PRE01 had strong V, Cr and Cd resistance especially for V up to 1500mg/L. In addition, it exhibited ACC deaminase activity, siderophore production and high indoleacetic acid production (60.14mg/L) and solubilizing P potential (336.41mg/L). For heavy metal detoxification tests, PRE01 could specifically assimilate 97.6%, 21.7% and 6.6% of Cd(II), Cr(VI) and V(V) within 72h incubation. Despite the poor absorption of the two anions, most V(V) and Cr(VI) were detoxified and reduced to lower valence states by the strain. Furthermore, the isolate had the potential to facilitate the metals uptake of their hosts by changing heavy metal speciation. Our research may open up further scope of utilizing the endophyte for enhancing phytoextraction of vanadium industry contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory on Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hai Lin
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory on Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Yingbo Dong
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory on Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Yinhai He
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory on Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chenjing Liu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory on Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, Beijing 100083, China
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82
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Liu H, Zhang B, Yuan H, Cheng Y, Wang S, He Z. Microbial reduction of vanadium (V) in groundwater: Interactions with coexisting common electron acceptors and analysis of microbial community. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 231:1362-1369. [PMID: 28916278 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.08.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Revised: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Vanadium (V) pollution in groundwater has posed serious risks to the environment and public health. Anaerobic microbial reduction can achieve efficient and cost-effective remediation of V(V) pollution, but its interactions with coexisting common electron acceptors such as NO3-, Fe3+, SO42- and CO2 in groundwater remain unknown. In this study, the interactions between V(V) reduction and reduction of common electron acceptors were examined with revealing relevant microbial community and identifying dominant species. The results showed that the presence of NO3- slowed down the removal of V(V) in the early stage of the reaction but eventually led to a similar reduction efficiency (90.0% ± 0.4% in 72-h operation) to that in the reactor without NO3-. The addition of Fe3+, SO42-, or CO2 decreased the efficiency of V(V) reduction. Furthermore, the microbial reduction of these coexisting electron acceptors was also adversely affected by the presence of V(V). The addition of V(V) as well as the extra dose of Fe3+, SO42- and CO2 decreased microbial diversity and evenness, whereas the reactor supplied with NO3- showed the increased diversity. High-throughput 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing analysis indicated the accumulation of Geobacter, Longilinea, Syntrophobacter, Spirochaeta and Anaerolinea, which might be responsible for the reduction of multiple electron acceptors. The findings of this study have demonstrated the feasibility of anaerobic bioremediation of V(V) and the possible influence of coexisting electron acceptors commonly found in groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences Beijing, Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Baogang Zhang
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences Beijing, Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Heyang Yuan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
| | - Yutong Cheng
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences Beijing, Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Song Wang
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences Beijing, Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhen He
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA.
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83
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Yang J, Wang M, Jia Y, Gou M, Zeyer J. Toxicity of vanadium in soil on soybean at different growth stages. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 231:48-58. [PMID: 28783612 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.07.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Vanadium(V) is present in trace amounts in most plants and widely distributed in soils. However, the environmental toxicity of V compound in soils is controversial. A greenhouse study with soybean from germination to bean production under exposure to pentavalent V [V(V)] was conducted to elucidate the interaction of plants and V fractions in soils and to evaluate the toxicity of V at different plant growth stages. Soybean growth has no effect on non-specific-bond and specific-bond fractions of V in soils, but V fractionation occurred in more extraction-resistant phases at high V concentrations. High concentrations of V(V) postponed the germination and growth of the soybeans. Bean production was less than half of that of the control at 500 mg kg-1 spiked V(V). For the 0 mg kg-1 spiked V(V) treated plants, the root was not the main location where V was retained. Vanadium in the soils at ≤ 250 mg kg-1 did not significantly affect the V concentration in the shoot and leaf of soybeans. With the increase in V concentration in soil, V concentrations in roots increased, whereas those in beans and pods decreased. From vegetative growth to the reproductive growth, the soybeans adsorbed more V and accumulated more V in the roots, with <20% transported to the aboveground parts. Hence, the analysis of V concentration in vegetative tissues or beans may not be a useful indicator for V pollution in soil. Meanwhile, the ratio of V concentration in cell wall to the total V concentration in the root increased with the increase in V(V) concentration in soils. Our results revealed that high concentrations of V inhibited soybean germination and biomass production. However, plants may produce self-defense systems to endure V toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyan Yang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Mei Wang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Yanbo Jia
- Hangzhou Institute for Food and Drug Control, Hangzhou 310022, China.
| | - Min Gou
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Josef Zeyer
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
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84
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Cao X, Diao M, Zhang B, Liu H, Wang S, Yang M. Spatial distribution of vanadium and microbial community responses in surface soil of Panzhihua mining and smelting area, China. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 183:9-17. [PMID: 28527917 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.05.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Spatial distribution of vanadium in surface soils from different processing stages of vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite in Panzhihua mining and smelting area (China) as well as responses of microbial communities including bacteria and fungi to vanadium were investigated by fieldwork and laboratory incubation experiment. The vanadium contents in this region ranged from 149.3 to 4793.6 mg kg-1, exceeding the soil background value of vanadium in China (82 mg kg-1) largely. High-throughput DNA sequencing results showed bacterial communities from different manufacturing locations were quite diverse, but Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria were abundant in all samples. The contents of organic matter, available P, available S and vanadium had great influences on the structures of bacterial communities in soils. Bacterial communities converged to similar structure after long-term (240 d) cultivation with vanadium containing medium, dominating by bacteria which can tolerate or reduce toxicities of heavy metals. Fungal diversities decreased after cultivation, but Ascomycota and Ciliophora were still the most abundant phyla as in the original soil samples. Results in this study emphasize the urgency of investigating vanadium contaminations in soils and provide valuable information on how vanadium contamination influences bacterial and fungal communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelong Cao
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences Beijing, Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution (China University of Geosciences Beijing), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Muhe Diao
- Department of Aquatic Microbiology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, 1090 GE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Baogang Zhang
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences Beijing, Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution (China University of Geosciences Beijing), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences Beijing, Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution (China University of Geosciences Beijing), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Song Wang
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences Beijing, Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution (China University of Geosciences Beijing), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Meng Yang
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences Beijing, Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution (China University of Geosciences Beijing), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100083, China
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85
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Jiang J, Yang M, Gao Y, Wang J, Li D, Li T. Removal of toxic metals from vanadium-contaminated soils using a washing method: Reagent selection and parameter optimization. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 180:295-301. [PMID: 28412486 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.03.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Vanadium (V) contamination in soils is an increasing worldwide concern facing human health and environmental conservation. The fractionation of a metal influences its mobility and biological toxicity. We analyzed the fractionations of V and several other metals using the BCR three-step sequential extraction procedure. Among methods for removing metal contamination, soil washing is an effective permanent treatment. We conducted experiments to select the proper reagents and to optimize extraction conditions. Citric acid, tartaric acid, oxalic acid, and Na2EDTA all exhibited high removal rates of the extractable state of V. With a liquid-to-solid ratio of 10, washing with 0.4 mol/L citric acid, 0.4 mol/L tartaric acid, 0.4 mol/L oxalic acid, and 0.12 mol/L Na2EDTA led to removal rates of 91%, 88%, 88%, and 61%, respectively. The effect of multiple washing on removal rate was also explored. According to the changes observed in metal fractionations, differences in removal rates among reagents is likely associated with their pKa value, pH in solution, and chemical structure. We concluded that treating with appropriate washing reagents under optimal conditions can greatly enhance the remediation of vanadium-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Jiang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Management and Environment Safety (Tsinghua University), Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Regional Environmental Quality, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Meng Yang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yuchen Gao
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jiaming Wang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Dean Li
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Tianran Li
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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86
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Yang J, Teng Y, Wu J, Chen H, Wang G, Song L, Yue W, Zuo R, Zhai Y. Current status and associated human health risk of vanadium in soil in China. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 171:635-643. [PMID: 28056450 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.12.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Revised: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
A detailed assessment of vanadium contamination characteristics in China was conducted based on the first national soil pollution survey. The map overlay analysis was used to evaluate the contamination level of vanadium and the non-carcinogenic risk assessment model was calculated to quantify the vanadium exposure risks to human health. The results showed that, due to the drastically increased mining and smelting activities, 26.49% of soils were contaminated by vanadium scattered in southwest of China. According to Canadian soil quality guidelines, about 8.6% of the national soil pollution survey samples were polluted, and pose high non-carcinogenic risks to the public, especially to children living in the vicinity of heavily polluted mining areas. We propose the area near the boundary of Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, and Sichuan provinces as priority control areas due to their higher geochemical background or higher health risks posed to the public. Finally, recommendations for management are proposed, including minimization of contaminant inputs, establishing stringent monitoring program, using phytoremediation, and strengthening the enforcement of relevant laws. Therefore, this study provides a comprehensive assessment of soil vanadium contamination in China, and the results will provide valuable information for China's soil vanadium management and risk avoidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yanguo Teng
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jin Wu
- College of Resources Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Haiyang Chen
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Guoqiang Wang
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Liuting Song
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Weifeng Yue
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Rui Zuo
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yuanzheng Zhai
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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87
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Xu YH, Huang JH, Brandl H. An optimised sequential extraction scheme for the evaluation of vanadium mobility in soils. J Environ Sci (China) 2017; 53:173-183. [PMID: 28372742 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2016.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Reviewing the current state of knowledge about sequential extraction applied for soil vanadium (V) fractionation, we identified an urgent requirement of an sequential extraction (SE) specified for V. Namely, almost all previous SE extracted only 8.4%-48% of total V in soils (excluding residue). Thus, we proposed an eight-step SE for V fractionation in soils according to the knowledge gained from literature and our own dissolution experiments with model minerals. After extracting the mobilisable and adsorbed V with de-ionised water and 5mmol/L phosphate, 1mol/L pyrophosphate was applied to gather organic matter bound V which minimised the artefact dissolving Al and Fe (hydr)oxides occurred when using HNO3-H2O2 for extraction. Extraction with 0.4mol/L NH2OH⋅HCl was highly selective toward manganese oxides. Fractionation of different crystalline Al and Fe (hydr)oxides associated V with 1mol/L HCl, 0.2mol/L oxalate buffer and 4mol/L HCl at 95°C especially improved the extractability of V incorporated with crystalline phase associated V. The suitability of our new SE scheme was confirmed by its higher selectivity against the target phases and higher extraction efficiencies (55%-77% of total V) with model minerals and 6 soils of different properties than previous SE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hui Xu
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Jen-How Huang
- Environmental Geosciences, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Helmut Brandl
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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88
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Luo X, Yu L, Wang C, Yin X, Mosa A, Lv J, Sun H. Sorption of vanadium (V) onto natural soil colloids under various solution pH and ionic strength conditions. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 169:609-617. [PMID: 27912185 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.11.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Batch sorption kinetics and isothermal characteristics of V(V) were investigated on three natural soil colloids (manual loessial soil colloid (MSC), aeolian sandy soil colloid (ASC), and cultivated loessial soil colloid (CSC)) under various solution pH and ionic strength (IS) conditions. Colloids were characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). AFM micrographs showed CSC with an aggregated shape with larger particle diameter as compared with ASC and MSC. XRD spectra revealed the presence of different minerals in natural soil colloids including biotite, kaolinite, calcite and quartz, which might contribute to sorption process. The sorption ability decreased with increase of colloidal particle size. The sorption was mainly attributed to complexation by active carboxylate and alcohol groups of colloidal components. Sorption kinetics and isotherms of V(V) onto natural soil colloids were best fitted with Pseudo-second-order and Freundlich models. Langmuir model indicated that sorption capacity of MSC and ASC was comparable (285.7 and 238.1 mg g-1); however, CSC exhibited the lowest sorption capacity (41.5 mg g-1) due to its larger particle diameter and aggregated shape. The maximum V(V) sorption capacity reached plateau values at a solution pH ranged between 5.0 and 9.0 for MSC and ASC, and 6.0-8.0 for CSC. Sorption capacity of V(V) onto natural soil colloids decreased with increasing IS. Based on result of this study we can conclude that sorption of V(V) onto natural soil colloids is pH- and IS-dependent. These findings provide insights on the remediation of vanadium-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhua Luo
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Lin Yu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Changzhao Wang
- Shaanxi Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Xian, 710068, China
| | - Xianqiang Yin
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Ahmed Mosa
- Soils Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Jialong Lv
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Huimin Sun
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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89
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Wang Y, Yin X, Sun H, Wang C. Transport of vanadium (V) in saturated porous media: effects of pH, ionic-strength and clay mineral. CHEMICAL SPECIATION & BIOAVAILABILITY 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/09542299.2015.1133238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yulu Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xianqiang Yin
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-Environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, China
| | - Huimin Sun
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-Environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, China
| | - Changzhao Wang
- Shaanxi Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Xi’an, China
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90
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Benredjem Z, Delimi R, Khelalfa A, Saaidia S, Mehellou A. Coupling of electrodialysis and leaching processes for removing of cadmium from phosphate ore. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2015.1119842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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91
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Kim J, Hyun S. Nonequilibrium leaching behavior of metallic elements (Cu, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb) from soils collected from long-term abandoned mine sites. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 134:150-158. [PMID: 25935604 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Leaching of metallic elements (Cu, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb) from two mine-impacted soils (DY and BS) was evaluated by batch decant-refill and seepage flow experiments. During eight consecutive leaching steps, aqueous As concentrations remained relatively constant (approx. 1.6 and 0.1 mg L(-)(1) for DY and BS, respectively), while Cu (0.01-3.2 mg L(-1)), Zn (0.2-42 mg L(-1)), and Cd (0.004-0.3 mg L(-1)) were quickly reduced. The reduction of Pb concentration (0.007-0.02 mg L(-1) and 0.2-0.9 mg L(-1) for DY and BS, respectively) was much lesser. This pattern was well-explained by the biphasic leaching model by allocating a large fast leaching fraction (ffast>0.2) for Cu, Zn, and Cd while a negligible ffast for As and Pb (<0.001). For all elements in column effluents, mass export through first-flush and steady-state concentration were elevated under slow seepage, with the greatest impact observed for As. Element export was enhanced after flow interruption, especially under fast seepage. A transient drop in As export in slow seepage was likely due to sorption back to soil phase during the quiescent period. The ratio of Fe(2+)/Fe(3+) and SO4(2-) concentration, related to the dissolution of sulfide minerals, were also seepage rate-dependent. The results of batch and column studies imply that the leachate concentration will be enhanced by initial seepage and will be perturbed after quiescent wetting period. The conversion from kinetically leachable pool to readily leachable pool is likely responsible for nonequilibrium metal leaching from the long-term abandoned mine soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhee Kim
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghun Hyun
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea.
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92
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Tian LY, Yang JY, Huang JH. Uptake and speciation of vanadium in the rhizosphere soils of rape (Brassica juncea L.). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:9215-9223. [PMID: 25586612 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-4031-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The response of rape (Brassica juncea L.) to different vanadium (V) speciation in rhizosphere soils was investigated in pot experiments using an agricultural soil containing 147 mg V kg(-1) supplemented with 0-500 mg V kg(-1) of pentavalent V [V(V)] and a mining soil containing 774 mg V kg(-1). Tetravalent V [V(IV)] accounted for 76.1 and 85.9 % of total V in the untreated agricultural soil and mining soil, respectively. The proportion of both V(V) and water-extractable V increased with increasing concentrations of V(V) in the agricultural soil. The growth of rape substantially reduced the concentrations of V(V) but not V(IV) in the rhizosphere soil, suggesting that V(V) was actively involved in the soil-rape interaction of V. Both soil V(V) and water-extractable V were negatively related to the total rape biomass, but were positively correlated with the concentration of root V. No such relationships were found for total V and soil V(IV). Together, these results indicate that soil V(V) and water-extractable V might better reflect the toxicity of V in soils than total V and soil V(IV). Rape accumulated V in the sequence: roots > > stem > leaf > seed. As indicated by the remarkably low root bioconcentration factor of V(V) (0.41-7.24 %), rape had a lower ability to accumulate V than other plants reported in the literature (14.6-298 %). Only a small fraction of V in rape roots was translocated to the aboveground organs (the translocation factor was 3.57-46.9 %). No V was detectable in seeds in the soils at 147 and 197 mg V kg(-1), and no seed was produced in the soils at higher V concentrations. Thus, the risk of V intake by humans via the consumption of rapeseed-based foods under normal conditions is considered to be lower than that of other plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yan Tian
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
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93
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Tian L, Yang J, Alewell C, Huang JH. Speciation of vanadium in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L.) and soils in response to different levels of vanadium in soils and cabbage growth. CHEMOSPHERE 2014; 111:89-95. [PMID: 24997904 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.03.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This study highlights the accumulation and speciation of vanadium in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L.) in relation to the speciation of soil vanadium with pot experiments at 122-622mgVkg(-1) by spiking NH4VO3. Cabbage planting decreased the bioavailable and residual vanadium based on sequential extraction, leading to enrichment of oxalate-extractable vanadium in soils. The biomass production increased with increasing concentrations of soil vanadium from 122 to 372mgVkg(-1), probably due to the increasing nitrogen availability and low vanadium availability in our soils with a consequent low vanadium toxicity. Although the concentrations of root vanadium (14.4-24.9mgVkg(-1)) related positively with soil vanadium, the bio-dilution alleviated the increase of leaf vanadium (2.1-2.7mgVkg(-1)). The predominance of vanadium(IV) in leaves (∼60-80% of total vanadium) indicates bio-reduction of vanadium in Chinese cabbage, since the mobile vanadium in oxic soils was usually pentavalent. Approximately 15-20% of the leaf vanadium was associated with recalcitrant leaf tissues. The majority of leaf vanadium was water and ethanol extractable, which is considered mobile and may cause more toxic effects on Chinese cabbage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Tian
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China; Environmental Geosciences, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jinyan Yang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China.
| | - Christine Alewell
- Environmental Geosciences, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jen-How Huang
- Environmental Geosciences, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.
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