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Malinowska K, Sicińska P, Michałowicz J, Bukowska B. The effects of non-functionalized polystyrene nanoparticles of different diameters on the induction of apoptosis and mTOR level in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 335:139137. [PMID: 37285979 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Particles of various types of plastics, including polystyrene nanoparticles (PS-NPs), have been determined in human blood, placenta, and lungs. These findings suggest a potential detrimental effect of PS-NPs on bloodstream cells. The purpose of this study was to assess the mechanism underlying PS-NPs-induced apoptosis in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Non-functionalized PS-NPs of three diameters: 29 nm, 44 nm, and 72 nm were studied used in this research. PBMCs were isolated from human leukocyte-platelet buffy coat and treated with PS-NPs at concentrations ranging from 0.001 to 200 μg/mL for 24 h. Apoptotic mechanism of action was evaluated by determining the level of cytosolic calcium ions, as well as mitochondrial transmembrane potential, and ATP levels. Furthermore, detection of caspase-8, -9, and -3 activation, as well as mTOR level was conducted. The presence of apoptotic PBMCs was confirmed by the method of double staining of the cells with propidium iodide and FITC-conjugated Annexin V. We found that all tested NPs increased calcium ion and depleted mitochondrial transmembrane potential levels. The tested NPs also activated caspase-9 and caspase-3, and the smallest NPs of 29 nm of diameter also activated caspase-8. The results clearly showed that apoptotic changes and an increase of mTOR level depended on the size of the tested NPs, while the smallest particles caused the greatest alterations. PS-NPs of 26 nm of diameter activated the extrinsic pathway (increased caspase-8 activity), as well as intrinsic (mitochondrial) pathway (increased caspase-9 activity, raised calcium ion level, and decreased transmembrane mitochondrial potential) of apoptosis. All PS-NPs increased mTOR level at the concentrations smaller than those that induced apoptosis and its level returned to control value when the process of apoptosis escalated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Malinowska
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of Biophysics of Environmental Pollution, 141/143 Pomorska St., 90-236, Lodz, Poland
| | - Paulina Sicińska
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of Biophysics of Environmental Pollution, 141/143 Pomorska St., 90-236, Lodz, Poland
| | - Jaromir Michałowicz
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of Biophysics of Environmental Pollution, 141/143 Pomorska St., 90-236, Lodz, Poland
| | - Bożena Bukowska
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of Biophysics of Environmental Pollution, 141/143 Pomorska St., 90-236, Lodz, Poland.
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Tavakolpournegari A, Annangi B, Villacorta A, Banaei G, Martin J, Pastor S, Marcos R, Hernández A. Hazard assessment of different-sized polystyrene nanoplastics in hematopoietic human cell lines. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 325:138360. [PMID: 36905991 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The environmental presence of micro/nanoplastics (MNPLs) is an environmental and human health concern. Such MNPLs can result from the physicochemical/biological degradation of plastic goods (secondary MNPLs) or can result from industrial production at that size, for different commercial purposes (primary MNPLs). Independently of their origin, the toxicological profile of MNPLs can be modulated by their size, as well as by the ability of cells/organisms to internalize them. To get more information on these topics we have determined the ability of three different sizes of polystyrene MNPLs (50, 200, and 500 nm) to produce different biological effects in three different human hematopoietic cell lines (Raji-B, THP-1, and TK6). Results show that none of the three sizes was able to induce toxicity (growth ability) in any of the tested cell types. Although transmission electron microscopy and confocal images showed cell internalization in all the cases, their quantification by flow cytometry demonstrated an important uptake by Raji-B and THP-1 cells, in comparison with TK6 cells. For the first ones, the uptake was negatively associated with the size. Interestingly, when the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential was determined, dose-related effects were observed for Raji-B and THP-1 cells, but not for TK6 cells. These effects were observed for the three different sizes. Finally, when oxidative stress induction was evaluated, no clear effects were observed for the different tested combinations. Our conclusion is that size, biological endpoint, and cell type are aspects modulating the toxicological profile of MNPLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Tavakolpournegari
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola Del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Balasubramanyam Annangi
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola Del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aliro Villacorta
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola Del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain; Facultad de Recursos Naturales Renovables, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique, Chile
| | - Gooya Banaei
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola Del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Martin
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola Del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Pastor
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola Del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ricard Marcos
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola Del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Alba Hernández
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola Del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.
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53
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Annangi B, Villacorta A, Vela L, Tavakolpournegari A, Marcos R, Hernández A. Effects of true-to-life PET nanoplastics using primary human nasal epithelial cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 100:104140. [PMID: 37137422 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Since inhalation is a relevant exposure route, studies using appropriate micro/nanoplastic (MNPLs) models, representative targeted cells, and relevant biomarkers of effect are required. We have used lab-made polyethylene terephthalate (PET)NPLs obtained from PET plastic water bottles. Human primary nasal epithelial cells (HNEpCs) were used as a model of the first barrier of the respiratory system. Cell internalization and intracellular reactive oxygen species (iROS) induction, as well as the effects on mitochondria functionality and in the modulation of the autophagy pathway, were evaluated. The data indicated significant cellular uptake and increased levels of iROS. Furthermore, a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential was observed in the exposed cells. Regarding the effects on the autophagy pathway, PETNPLs exposure significantly increases LC3-II protein expression levels. PETNPLs exposure also induced significant increases in the expression of p62. This is the first study showing that true-to-life PETNPLs can alter the autophagy pathway in HNEpCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balasubramanyam Annangi
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Aliro Villacorta
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; Facultad de Recursos Naturales Renovables, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique, Chile
| | - Lourdes Vela
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; Faculty of Health Sciences Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Alireza Tavakolpournegari
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Ricard Marcos
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
| | - Alba Hernández
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
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Liu X, Bao X, Qian G, Wang X, Yang J, Li Z. Acute effects of polystyrene nanoplastics on the immune response in Sepia esculenta larvae. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 258:106478. [PMID: 36905919 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
With extensive use of plastic products, microplastics (MPs, < 5 mm) and nanoplastics (NPs, < 1 μm) have become major pollutants in ecosystem, especially in marine environment. In recent years, researches on the impact of NPs on organisms have gradually increased. However, studies on the influence of NPs on cephalopods are still limited. Golden cuttlefish (Sepia esculenta), an important economic cephalopod, is a shallow marine benthic organism. In this study, the effect of acute exposure (4 h) to 50-nm polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs, 100 μg/L) on the immune response of S. esculenta larvae was analyzed via transcriptome data. A total of 1260 DEGs were obtained in the gene expression analysis. The analyses of GO, KEGG signaling pathway enrichment, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network were then performed to explore the potential molecular mechanisms of the immune response. Finally, 16 key immune-related DEGs were obtained according to the number of KEGG signaling pathways involved and the PPI number. This study not only confirmed that NPs had an impact on cephalopod immune response, but also provided novel insights for further unmasking the toxicological mechanisms of NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumei Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Xiaokai Bao
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Gui Qian
- College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Xumin Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Jianmin Yang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Zan Li
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China.
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Xiao J, Fang K, Zhang S, Jiang S, Liu T, Lv M, Liao M, Cao H, Shi Y. Inhalation bioaccessibility of inhaled triazole fungicides and health risk assessment during spraying. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:1768-1776. [PMID: 36627764 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ambient air pollution caused by pesticide drift has received great attention. To accurately evaluate the health risk of inhaled pesticides, bioaccessibility should be considered. However, methods to reliably assess pesticide residues remain limited, hindering the precise estimation of exposure assessment. We aimed to optimize an in vitro method for the inhalation bioaccessibility (IBA) measurement of triazole fungicides and to incorporate this into inhalation exposure assessment during pesticide spraying. RESULTS The IBA of triazole fungicides increased logarithmically with extraction duration, plateauing after 6 h. The frequency of agitation displayed a similar pattern, whereas the ratio of solid to liquid between 1/1500 and 1/250 was considerably negatively associated. The predicted values (35.9-53.5%) for IBA based on optimized methodological parameters determined using a response surface methodology showed an acceptable deviation from experimental values (30.7-50.8%), suggesting feasibility for in vitro IBA measurement. Incorporating IBA into calculations of inhalation exposure amount (IE) yielded a value of 8.5 × 10-7 -2.1 × 10-5 mg kg-1 day-1 , a 50-68% reduction compared to IE based on total amount. Additionally, the safety exposure threshold was determined for triazole fungicides using benchmark dose modelling of data from lung A549 cell proliferation toxicity assays, and in this context, margin of exposure (MOE) values were calculated to be within an acceptable level. CONCLUSION This in vitro method supplements bioaccessibility evaluation based on pesticide inhalation exposure, along with the risk to human health. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjing Xiao
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Hefei, China
| | - Ke Fang
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Hefei, China
| | - Sidong Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Hefei, China
- School of Resource & Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Siyuan Jiang
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Hefei, China
| | - Tianhe Liu
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Mengjiao Lv
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Min Liao
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Hefei, China
| | - Haiqun Cao
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Hefei, China
| | - Yanhong Shi
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Hefei, China
- School of Resource & Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
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Osman AI, Hosny M, Eltaweil AS, Omar S, Elgarahy AM, Farghali M, Yap PS, Wu YS, Nagandran S, Batumalaie K, Gopinath SCB, John OD, Sekar M, Saikia T, Karunanithi P, Hatta MHM, Akinyede KA. Microplastic sources, formation, toxicity and remediation: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS 2023; 21:1-41. [PMID: 37362012 PMCID: PMC10072287 DOI: 10.1007/s10311-023-01593-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic pollution is becoming a major issue for human health due to the recent discovery of microplastics in most ecosystems. Here, we review the sources, formation, occurrence, toxicity and remediation methods of microplastics. We distinguish ocean-based and land-based sources of microplastics. Microplastics have been found in biological samples such as faeces, sputum, saliva, blood and placenta. Cancer, intestinal, pulmonary, cardiovascular, infectious and inflammatory diseases are induced or mediated by microplastics. Microplastic exposure during pregnancy and maternal period is also discussed. Remediation methods include coagulation, membrane bioreactors, sand filtration, adsorption, photocatalytic degradation, electrocoagulation and magnetic separation. Control strategies comprise reducing plastic usage, behavioural change, and using biodegradable plastics. Global plastic production has risen dramatically over the past 70 years to reach 359 million tonnes. China is the world's top producer, contributing 17.5% to global production, while Turkey generates the most plastic waste in the Mediterranean region, at 144 tonnes per day. Microplastics comprise 75% of marine waste, with land-based sources responsible for 80-90% of pollution, while ocean-based sources account for only 10-20%. Microplastics induce toxic effects on humans and animals, such as cytotoxicity, immune response, oxidative stress, barrier attributes, and genotoxicity, even at minimal dosages of 10 μg/mL. Ingestion of microplastics by marine animals results in alterations in gastrointestinal tract physiology, immune system depression, oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, differential gene expression, and growth inhibition. Furthermore, bioaccumulation of microplastics in the tissues of aquatic organisms can have adverse effects on the aquatic ecosystem, with potential transmission of microplastics to humans and birds. Changing individual behaviours and governmental actions, such as implementing bans, taxes, or pricing on plastic carrier bags, has significantly reduced plastic consumption to 8-85% in various countries worldwide. The microplastic minimisation approach follows an upside-down pyramid, starting with prevention, followed by reducing, reusing, recycling, recovering, and ending with disposal as the least preferable option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed I. Osman
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, David Keir Building, Queen’s University Belfast, Stranmillis Road, Belfast, BT9 5AG Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Mohamed Hosny
- Green Technology Group, Environmental Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511 Egypt
| | | | - Sara Omar
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Elgarahy
- Environmental Science Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
- Egyptian Propylene and Polypropylene Company (EPPC), Port-Said, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Farghali
- Department of Agricultural Engineering and Socio-Economics, Kobe University, Kobe, 657-8501 Japan
- Department of Animal and Poultry Hygiene & Environmental Sanitation, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526 Egypt
| | - Pow-Seng Yap
- Department of Civil Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, 215123 China
| | - Yuan-Seng Wu
- Centre for Virus and Vaccine Research, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor Malaysia
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Saraswathi Nagandran
- Centre for Virus and Vaccine Research, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor Malaysia
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Kalaivani Batumalaie
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Asia Metropolitan University, 81750 Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Subash C. B. Gopinath
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), 02600 Arau, Perlis Malaysia
- Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), 01000 Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia
- Micro System Technology, Centre of Excellence, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Pauh Campus, 02600 Arau, Perlis Malaysia
| | - Oliver Dean John
- Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah Malaysia
| | - Mahendran Sekar
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Royal College of Medicine Perak, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, 30450 Ipoh, Perak Malaysia
| | - Trideep Saikia
- Girijananda Chowdhury Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Guwahati Assam, India
| | - Puvanan Karunanithi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Manipal University College Malaysia (MUCM), Melaka, Malaysia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hayrie Mohd Hatta
- Centre for Research and Development, Asia Metropolitan University, 81750 Johor Bahru, Johor Malaysia
| | - Kolajo Adedamola Akinyede
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town, 7530 South Africa
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Science Technology, The Federal Polytechnic, P.M.B.5351, Ado Ekiti, 360231 Ekiti State Nigeria
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Pan C, Wu Y, Hu S, Li K, Liu X, Shi Y, Lin W, Wang X, Shi Y, Xu Z, Wang H, Chen H. Polystyrene microplastics arrest skeletal growth in puberty through accelerating osteoblast senescence. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 322:121217. [PMID: 36746288 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) have attracted worldwide attention to their massive accumulation in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. It has been demonstrated that MPs are easily to accumulate in organs and exert toxic effects. However, their exposure risk to the skeleton remains unknown. In this study, we observed PS-MPs accumulation in both the long bones and axial bones, leading to reduced body length, as well as femur and tibia length. PS-MPs treated mice exhibited redundant skeletal growth and impaired trabecular bone micro-architecture, which is due to the suppressed osteogenic ability as the number of osteoblasts decreased significantly in PS-MPs treated mice. In histological analysis, we observed the accumulation of senescent osteoblasts in the bone trabecula of PS-MPs treated mice, as well as the impaired autophagy with decreased autophagosome and reduced autophagy-related proteins in the senescent osteoblasts. Re-establishing autophagy effectively reversed the senescent phenotype in osteoblasts and ameliorated PS-MPs induced skeletal growth arrest. Hence, our study reveals the detrimental role of PS-MPs in skeletal growth in puberty through accelerating osteoblast senescence, which may be alleviated by reactivating the autophagy. This study provides new evidence of the PS-MPs on health threats and the potential therapeutic targets to reverse it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Pan
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yin Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Sihan Hu
- Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiangyu Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yu Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wenzheng Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xinglong Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yujie Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhuobin Xu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Huihui Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
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58
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Xiong S, Cao X, Eggleston I, Chi Y, Li A, Liu X, Zhao J, Xing B. Role of extracellular polymeric substances in the aggregation and biological response of micro(nano)plastics with different functional groups and sizes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 446:130713. [PMID: 36630882 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the effects of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) on the aggregation and biological responses of different micro(nano)plastics (MNPs, <1000 µm) were investigated. EPS increased the colloidal stability of PS MPs in NaCl or CaCl2. For the three PS NPs (PS-NH2, PS-COOH, and PS-naked), EPS also enhanced their colloidal stabilities in the presence of NaCl. However, the effect of CaCl2 on the colloidal stabilities of PS NPs in the presence of EPS depended on their surface functional groups. In CaCl2, both Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek theory and molecular bridging explained the interaction between MNPs (both NPs and MPs) and EPS. Laser Direct Infrared and scanning electron microscope imaging showed that opalescent EPS corona formed on PS MPs via intermolecular-bridging by Ca2+, and the critical coagulation concentrations (70 mM in NaCl, 1.5 mM in CaCl2) in EPS were much lower than that for PS NPs (1000 mM for NaCl; 65 mM for CaCl2). PS-NH2 NPs showed the highest increase in the growth of bacteria (Bacillus subtilis), followed by PS MPs and PS-naked NPs, while PS-COOH NPs had no significant effect. Biological response of PS NPs was unaffected by EPS, while EPS further enhanced the positive effects of PS MPs on bacterial growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicheng Xiong
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
| | - Xuesong Cao
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Ian Eggleston
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
| | - Yuantong Chi
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Aoze Li
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
| | - Xia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States.
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59
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Chen J, Xu Z, Liu Y, Mei A, Wang X, Shi Q. Cellular absorption of polystyrene nanoplastics with different surface functionalization and the toxicity to RAW264.7 macrophage cells. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 252:114574. [PMID: 36706525 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Nanoplastics (NPs) are a matter of widespread concern, as they are easily absorbed by a wide variety of organisms and accumulate in biological tissues. While there is evidence that nanoplastics are toxic to various organisms, few studies have investigated the mechanisms underlying the toxicities of NPs with different surface functionalizations to macrophage cells. In this study, mouse mononuclear macrophage (RAW264.7) cells were exposed to polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) with three different surface functionalizations, namely pristine polystyrene (PS), carboxyl-functionalized polystyrene (PS-COOH), and amino-functionalized polystyrene (PS-NH2), to evaluate the cellular endocytosis, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential, apoptosis, and related gene expression. Results showed that all three PS-NPs were endocytosed into cells. However, in the concentration range of 0-100 μg/mL, PS had no effect on cell viability or apoptosis, but it slightly increased cellular ROS and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential. PS-NH2 exhibited the highest cytotoxicity. PS-COOH and PS-NH2 induced ROS production, altered the mitochondrial membrane potential, and caused cell apoptosis regulated by the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Results also showed that cell membrane damage induced by PS-NH2 is one of the primary mechanisms of its cytotoxicity to RAW264.7 cells. The results of this study clarify the toxicities of PS-NPs with different surface functionalizations to macrophages, thereby improving the identification of immune system risks related to nanoplastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Chen
- College of Ecology and Environment, Xin Jiang University, Urumqi 830046, PR China
| | - Zijun Xu
- College of Ecology and Environment, Xin Jiang University, Urumqi 830046, PR China; College of Resources and Environment Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yuying Liu
- College of Ecology and Environment, Xin Jiang University, Urumqi 830046, PR China
| | - AoXue Mei
- College of Ecology and Environment, Xin Jiang University, Urumqi 830046, PR China
| | - Xiyuan Wang
- College of Ecology and Environment, Xin Jiang University, Urumqi 830046, PR China.
| | - Qingdong Shi
- College of Ecology and Environment, Xin Jiang University, Urumqi 830046, PR China.
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Abad López AP, Trilleras J, Arana VA, Garcia-Alzate LS, Grande-Tovar CD. Atmospheric microplastics: exposure, toxicity, and detrimental health effects. RSC Adv 2023; 13:7468-7489. [PMID: 36908531 PMCID: PMC9993231 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra07098g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are micro-particulate pollutants present in all environments whose ubiquity leads humans to unavoidable exposure. Due to low density, MPs also accumulate in the atmosphere, where they are easily transported worldwide and come into direct contact with the human body by inhalation or ingestion, causing detrimental health effects. This literature review presents the sources of atmospheric MPs pollution, transport routes, physicochemical characteristics, and environmental interactions. The document also explains the implications for human health and analyzes the risk of exposure based on the potential toxicity and the concentration in the atmosphere. MPs' toxicity lies in their physical characteristics, chemical composition, environmental interactions, and degree of aging. The abundance and concentration of these microparticles are associated with nearby production sources and their displacement in the atmosphere. The above elements are presented in an integrated way to facilitate a better understanding of the associated risk. The investigation results encourage the development of future research that delves into the health implications of exposure to airborne MPs and raises awareness of the risks of current plastic pollution to promote the establishment of relevant mitigation policies and procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Patricia Abad López
- Grupo de Investigación de Fotoquímica y Fotobiología, Programa de Maestría en Ciencias Químicas. Universidad del Atlántico Carrera 30 Número 8-49 Puerto Colombia 081008 Colombia +57-5-3599-484
| | - Jorge Trilleras
- Grupo de Investigación en Compuestos Heterocíclicos, Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Químicas, Universidad del Atlántico Carrera 30 No 8-49 Puerto Colombia 081007 Colombia
| | - Victoria A Arana
- Grupo de Investigación Ciencias, Educación y Tecnología-CETIC, Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Químicas, Universidad del Atlántico Carrera 30 No 8-49 Puerto Colombia 081007 Colombia
| | - Luz Stella Garcia-Alzate
- Grupo de Investigación Ciencias, Educación y Tecnología-CETIC, Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Químicas, Universidad del Atlántico Carrera 30 No 8-49 Puerto Colombia 081007 Colombia
| | - Carlos David Grande-Tovar
- Grupo de Investigación de Fotoquímica y Fotobiología, Programa de Maestría en Ciencias Químicas. Universidad del Atlántico Carrera 30 Número 8-49 Puerto Colombia 081008 Colombia +57-5-3599-484
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Du T, Yu X, Shao S, Li T, Xu S, Wu L. Aging of Nanoplastics Significantly Affects Protein Corona Composition Thus Enhancing Macrophage Uptake. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:3206-3217. [PMID: 36730723 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c05772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Nanoplastics (NPs), as emerging contaminants, have attracted increasing attention for their effects on human exposure and potential health risks. The protein corona formed on the surface of NPs affects the biological activity and fate of the NPs in vivo. However, how environmental aging, an inevitable process once NPs enter the environment, affects the formation of protein corona on NPs is still unclear. This study investigated the changes in the compositions of protein corona formed on photo-aged polystyrene (PS) NPs in human bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), corresponding to the inhalation exposure pathway. The results demonstrated that both the species and abundance of proteins in the BALF protein corona on the surface of PS NPs were altered by aging. In addition, the aged PS NPs are more hydrophilic and less electronegative than the pristine PS NPs; hence, there is an increased sorption of more negatively charged hydrophilic proteins. Moreover, aging-induced alterations in BALF protein corona enhanced the uptake of aged PS NPs by lung macrophages J774A.1 through phagocytosis and clathrin-mediated endocytosis. These findings highlight the importance of environmental aging processes in the biosafety assessment of nanoplastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Du
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Xiang Yu
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Song Shao
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Tong Li
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Shengmin Xu
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Lijun Wu
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
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Hsiao TC, Han CL, Yang TT, Lee YL, Shen YF, Jheng YT, Lee CH, Chang JH, Chung KF, Kuo HP, Chuang HC. Importance of surface charge of soot nanoparticles in determining inhalation toxicity in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:18985-18997. [PMID: 36223019 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23444-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Physicochemical properties of nanoparticles are important in regulating nanoparticle toxicity; however, the contribution of nanoparticle charge remains unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the pulmonary effects of inhalation of charged soot nanoparticles. We established a stably charged nanoparticle generation system for whole-body exposure in BALB/c mice, which produced positively charged, negatively charged, and neutral soot nanoparticles in a wide range of concentrations. After a 7-day exposure, pulmonary toxicity was assessed, together with proteomics analysis. The charged soot nanoparticles on average carried 1.17-1.35 electric charges, and the sizes for nanoparticles under different charging conditions were all fixed at 69 ~ 72 nm. We observed that charged soot nanoparticles induced cytotoxic LDH and increased lung permeability, with the release of 8-isoprostane and caspase-3 and systemic IL-6 in mice, especially for positively charged soot nanoparticles. Next, we observed that positive-charged soot nanoparticles upregulated Eif2, Eif4, sirtuin, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR), and HIPPO-related signaling pathways in the lungs compared with negatively charged soot nanoparticles. HIF1α, sirt1, E-cadherin, and Yap were increased in mice's lungs by positively charged soot nanoparticle exposure. In conclusion, carbonaceous nanoparticles carrying electric ions, especially positive-charged, are particularly toxic when inhaled and should be of concern in terms of pulmonary health protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ta-Chih Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Li Han
- Master Program in Clinical Genomics and Proteomics, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ting Yang
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Health, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsin Chu City, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Lun Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Fang Shen
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Center University, Tauyoun, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Teng Jheng
- Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, Academia Sinica and National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chii-Hong Lee
- Department of Pathology, Taipei City Hospital Heping Fuyou Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Hwa Chang
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kian Fan Chung
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Han-Pin Kuo
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Chi Chuang
- Department of Pathology, Taipei City Hospital Heping Fuyou Branch, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Busch M, Brouwer H, Aalderink G, Bredeck G, Kämpfer AAM, Schins RPF, Bouwmeester H. Investigating nanoplastics toxicity using advanced stem cell-based intestinal and lung in vitro models. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2023; 5:1112212. [PMID: 36777263 PMCID: PMC9911716 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2023.1112212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Plastic particles in the nanometer range-called nanoplastics-are environmental contaminants with growing public health concern. As plastic particles are present in water, soil, air and food, human exposure via intestine and lung is unavoidable, but possible health effects are still to be elucidated. To better understand the Mode of Action of plastic particles, it is key to use experimental models that best reflect human physiology. Novel assessment methods like advanced cell models and several alternative approaches are currently used and developed in the scientific community. So far, the use of cancer cell line-based models is the standard approach regarding in vitro nanotoxicology. However, among the many advantages of the use of cancer cell lines, there are also disadvantages that might favor other approaches. In this review, we compare cell line-based models with stem cell-based in vitro models of the human intestine and lung. In the context of nanoplastics research, we highlight the advantages that come with the use of stem cells. Further, the specific challenges of testing nanoplastics in vitro are discussed. Although the use of stem cell-based models can be demanding, we conclude that, depending on the research question, stem cells in combination with advanced exposure strategies might be a more suitable approach than cancer cell lines when it comes to toxicological investigation of nanoplastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Busch
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Hugo Brouwer
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Germaine Aalderink
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Gerrit Bredeck
- IUF—Leibniz-Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Roel P. F. Schins
- IUF—Leibniz-Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Hans Bouwmeester
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands,*Correspondence: Hans Bouwmeester,
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Annangi B, Villacorta A, López-Mesas M, Fuentes-Cebrian V, Marcos R, Hernández A. Hazard Assessment of Polystyrene Nanoplastics in Primary Human Nasal Epithelial Cells, Focusing on the Autophagic Effects. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13020220. [PMID: 36830590 PMCID: PMC9953511 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The human health risks posed by micro/nanoplastics (MNPLs), as emerging pollutants of environmental/health concern, need to be urgently addressed as part of a needed hazard assessment. The routes of MNPL exposure in humans could mainly come from oral, inhalation, or dermal means. Among them, inhalation exposure to MNPLs is the least studied area, even though their widespread presence in the air is dramatically increasing. In this context, this study focused on the potential hazard of polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPLs with sizes 50 and 500 nm) in human primary nasal epithelial cells (HNEpCs), with the first line of cells acting as a physical and immune barrier in the respiratory system. Primarily, cellular internalization was evaluated by utilizing laboratory-labeled fluorescence PSNPLs with iDye, a commercial, pink-colored dye, using confocal microscopy, and found PSNPLs to be significantly internalized by HNEpCs. After, various cellular effects, such as the induction of intracellular reactive oxygen species (iROS), the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and the modulation of the autophagy pathway in the form of the accumulation of autophagosomes (LC3-II) and p62 markers (a ubiquitin involved in the clearance of cell debris), were evaluated after cell exposure. The data demonstrated significant increases in iROS, a decrease in MMP, as well as a greater accumulation of LC3-II and p62 in the presence of PSNPLs. Notably, the autophagic effects did indicate the implications of PSNPLs in defective or insufficient autophagy. This is the first study showing the autophagy pathway as a possible target for PSNPL-induced adverse effects in HNEpCs. When taken together, this study proved the cellular effects of PSNPLs in HNEpCs and adds value to the existing studies as a part of the respiratory risk assessment of MNPLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balasubramanyam Annangi
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Aliro Villacorta
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Facultad de Recursos Naturales Renovables, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique 1111100, Chile
| | - Montserrat López-Mesas
- GTS-UAB Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Victor Fuentes-Cebrian
- GTS-UAB Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Ricard Marcos
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Correspondence: (R.M.); (A.H.)
| | - Alba Hernández
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Correspondence: (R.M.); (A.H.)
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Aliakbarzadeh F, Rafiee M, Khodagholi F, Khorramizadeh MR, Manouchehri H, Eslami A, Sayehmiri F, Mohseni-Bandpei A. Adverse effects of polystyrene nanoplastic and its binary mixtures with nonylphenol on zebrafish nervous system: From oxidative stress to impaired neurotransmitter system. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 317:120587. [PMID: 36336178 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Micro(nano)plastics generally co-exist with other chemicals in the environment, resulting in inevitable interaction and combined toxic effects on biota. Nevertheless, little is known regarding the interaction of nanoplastics (NPs) with other co-occurring insults. Hereby, we investigated single and combined effects of chronic exposure (45 days) to polystyrene nanoplastic particulates (PS-NPs) and nonylphenol (4-NP) on zebrafish nervous system. Multiple biomarkers concerning with oxidative-stress [catalase (CAT) activity and reduced glutathione (GSH) level], cholinergic system [Acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activity], glutamatergic system [glutamine synthetase (GS) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) activities], energy metabolism [a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (a-KGDH) activity], and histological alterations were assessed. Both single and binary exposure to PS-NPs and 4-NP induced oxidative stress through reducing CAT activity and GSH level, in which a more sever effect was noticed in combined exposure. The AchE activity was significantly inhibited only in single treatment groups demonstrating antagonistic interaction between PS-NPs and 4-NP. Effects on GS activity was also alleviated in binary exposure as compared with single exposure to each contaminant. In addition, an increase in GDH activity was noticed in PS-NPs at 10 and 100 μg/L, and simultaneous presence of PS-NPs and 4-NP with a greater response were observed in combined treatments. PS-NPs and 4-NP either in separate or binary mixtures disrupted energy metabolism by deficiency of α-KGDH activity; however, co-exposure to PS-NPs and 4-NP induced more intense adverse impacts on this parameter. Furthermore, histological analysis revealed that 4-NP and PS-NPs, alone or in combination, reduced neural cells. These findings provide new insight into the neurotoxic effects of binary exposure to PS-NPs and 4-NP at environmentally relevant concentrations. Overall, our findings raise concerns about the presence and toxicity of nano-scale plastic particulates and highlight the importance of investigating the interaction of Micro(nano)plastics with other environmental irritants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Aliakbarzadeh
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Air Quality and Climate Change Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rafiee
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Air Quality and Climate Change Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariba Khodagholi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Khorramizadeh
- Biosensor Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, and Zebra Fish Core Facility (ZFIN ID: ZDB-LAB-190117-2), Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Manouchehri
- Department of Aquaculture Science, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran
| | - Akbar Eslami
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Environmental and Occupational Hazards Control Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sayehmiri
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Anoushiravan Mohseni-Bandpei
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Air Quality and Climate Change Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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66
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Wu Y, Yao Y, Bai H, Shimizu K, Li R, Zhang C. Investigation of pulmonary toxicity evaluation on mice exposed to polystyrene nanoplastics: The potential protective role of the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 855:158851. [PMID: 36155047 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidences show that the hazardous substance atmospheric nanoplastics increase the respiratory risk of individuals, but the inside toxicity mechanisms to lung tissue remain unclear. This study aims at investigating the potential mechanisms of inhaled cationic polystyrene nanoplastics (amine-polystyrene nanoplastics, APS-NPs)-induced pulmonary toxicity on mice. In vivo, the mice intratracheal administrated with APS-NPs suspension (5 mg/kg) were found inflammatory infiltrates in lung tissues through histopathology analysis. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis demonstrated that 1821 differentially expressed mRNA between APS group and control group were dominantly associated with 288 known KEGG pathways, indicating that APS-NPs might cause early inflammatory responses in lung tissue by activating the NLRP3/capase-1/IL-1β signaling pathway. Moreover, in vitro results also showed that NLRP3 inflammasome could be activated to induce pyroptosis in MLE-12 cells after exposure to APS-NPs. And, MH-S cells after exposure to APS-NPs exhibited increased Irg1 proteins, leading to the increasing generation of ROS and inflammatory factors (e.g., tnf-α, il-6, il-1β). In conclusion, these results revealed that Irg1/NF-κB/NLRP3/Caspase-1 signaling pathway was activated significantly after exposing to APS-NPs, leading to pulmonary toxicity on mice. Intriguingly, prior administration of the clinical antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) could serve as a possible candidate for the prevention and treatment of pulmonary toxicity induced by APS-NPs. The study contributes to a better understanding of the potential risks of environmental nanoplastics to humans and its improvement measure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanliang Wu
- Sino-Jan Joint Lab of Natural Health Products Research, School of Traditional Chinese Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Department of Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Traditional Chinese Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yongrong Yao
- Department of Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Traditional Chinese Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hangjia Bai
- Sino-Jan Joint Lab of Natural Health Products Research, School of Traditional Chinese Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Department of Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Traditional Chinese Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Kuniyoshi Shimizu
- Sino-Jan Joint Lab of Natural Health Products Research, School of Traditional Chinese Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Department of Forest and Forest Products Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Renshi Li
- Sino-Jan Joint Lab of Natural Health Products Research, School of Traditional Chinese Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Department of Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Traditional Chinese Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chaofeng Zhang
- Sino-Jan Joint Lab of Natural Health Products Research, School of Traditional Chinese Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Department of Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Traditional Chinese Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Prado Y, Aravena C, Aravena D, Eltit F, Gatica S, Riedel CA, Simon F. Small Plastics, Big Inflammatory Problems. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1408:101-127. [PMID: 37093424 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-26163-3_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
The immune system is the first defense against potentially dangerous chemicals, infections, and damaged cells. Interactions between immune cells and inflammatory mediators increase the coordinated activation of cross-talking signaling pathways, resulting in an acute response necessary to restore homeostasis but potentially detrimental if uncontrolled and prolonged. Plastic production exceeds million tons per year, becoming a global concern due to the stability of its constituent polymers, low density, which allows them to spread easily, and small size, which prevents proper removal by wastewater treatment plants, promoting environmental accumulation and increasing health threats. The interaction between plastic particles and the immune system is still being investigated, owing to growing evidence of increased risk not only for dietary intake due to its presence in food packaging, drinking water, and even fruits and vegetables, but also to emerging evidence of new intake pathways such as respiratory and cutaneous. We discuss in depth the impact of small plastic particles on the immune response across the body, with a focus on the nervous system and peripheral organs and tissues such as the gastrointestinal, respiratory, lymphatic, cardiovascular, and reproductive systems, as well as the involvement in increased susceptibility to worsening concomitant diseases and future perspectives in the exploration of potential therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Prado
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristobal Aravena
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Diego Aravena
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Eltit
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Sebastian Gatica
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia A Riedel
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Simon
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile.
- Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channel-Associated Diseases, Santiago, Chile.
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68
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Koner S, Florance I, Mukherjee A, Chandrasekaran N. Cellular response of THP-1 macrophages to polystyrene microplastics exposure. Toxicology 2023; 483:153385. [PMID: 36464069 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Microplastic in the environment have the capability to reach the human immune system via the ingestion, inhalation and direct contact. Polystyrene (PS) is one of the most widely used plastics, which is made up by polymerization of styrene monomers. Mounting evidences on the presence of microplastics in blood clearly indicate their access to macrophages that are major component of the immune system. However, data on the response of macrophages to microplastics exposure are limited. Our study reports the response of human macrophages transformed by PMA (phorbol 12-myristrate 13-acetate) to exposure to PSNPs of size range (≤ 450 nm). The polystyrene particles utilized in this study, were formulated from beads to powder by grinding and filtering the particles to acquire a range of size ≤ 450 nm particles with deionized water. This size variation used in this experiment imitates the size of plastic that humans can ingest plastic particles through food that gets fragmented from plastic cups and plates. Here we report that exposure to PSNPs (50-500 µg/mL) significantly decreased the viability of human macrophages. In addition, PSNPs (500 µg/mL) induced oxidative stress and decrease cell proliferation. Exposure to PSNPs decrease the membrane potential of mitochondria and caused damage to the DNA of macrophages. Overall, our study reports the differential toxic effects of PSNPs on human macrophages, delineating the potential risks of PSNPs exposure to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shramana Koner
- Center for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ida Florance
- Center for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Amitava Mukherjee
- Center for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Natarajan Chandrasekaran
- Center for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
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69
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Sun N, Shi H, Li X, Gao C, Liu R. Combined toxicity of micro/nanoplastics loaded with environmental pollutants to organisms and cells: Role, effects, and mechanism. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 171:107711. [PMID: 36566717 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Micro/nanoplastics (MPs/NPs) are ubiquitous in the environment and living organisms have been exposed to these substances for a long time. When MPs/NPs enter different organisms, they transport various pollutants, including heavy metals, persistent organic pollutants, drugs, bacteria, and viruses, from the environment. On this basis, this paper summarizes the combined toxicity induced by MPs/NPs accumulating contaminants from the environment and entering organisms through a systematic review of 162 articles. Moreover, the factors influencing toxic interactions are critically discussed, thus highlighting the dominant role of the relative concentrations of contaminants in the combined toxic effects. Furthermore, for the first time, we describe the threats posed by MPs/NPs combined with other pollutants to human health, as well as their cytotoxic behavior and mechanism. We found that the "Trojan horse" effect of nanoplastics can increase the bioaccessibility of environmental pollutants, thus increasing the carcinogenic risk to humans. Simultaneously, the complex pollutants entering the cells are observed to be constantly dissociated due to the transport of lysosomes. However, current research on the intracellular release of MP/NP-loaded pollutants is relatively poor, which hinders the accurate in vivo toxicity assessment of combined pollutants. Based on the findings of our critical review, we recommend analyzing the toxic effects by clarifying the dose relationship of each component pollutant in cells, which is challenging yet crucial to exploring the toxic mechanism of combined pollution. In the future, our findings can contribute to establishing a system modeling the complete load-translocation toxicological mechanism of MP/NP-based composite pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China-America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong Province, 72#, Jimo Binhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China
| | - Huijian Shi
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China-America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong Province, 72#, Jimo Binhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China
| | - Xiangxiang Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China-America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong Province, 72#, Jimo Binhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China
| | - Canzhu Gao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China-America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong Province, 72#, Jimo Binhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China
| | - Rutao Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China-America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong Province, 72#, Jimo Binhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China.
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70
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Liu YY, Liu J, Wu H, Zhang Q, Tang XR, Li D, Li CS, Liu Y, Cao A, Wang H. Endocytosis, Distribution, and Exocytosis of Polystyrene Nanoparticles in Human Lung Cells. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 13:nano13010084. [PMID: 36615994 PMCID: PMC9824409 DOI: 10.3390/nano13010084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nanoplastics, one component of plastic pollution, can enter human bodies via inhalation and thus threaten human health. However, the knowledge about the uptake and exocytosis of nanoplastics in cells of human lung organs is still very limited. Herein, we investigated the endocytosis, distribution, and exocytosis of polystyrene nanoparticles (PS NPs) of 50 nm (G50PS) and 100 nm (R100PS) in A549 cells and BEAS-2B cells. We found that both the cellular uptake of PS NPs increased positively with exposure time and dose, and A549 cells ingested more PS NPs than BEAS-2B cells did. In addition, the intracellular content of G50PS was higher than that of R100PS except at a higher dose and longer time. The ingested PS NPs were distributed mainly in lysosomes, while many G50PS appeared around the cell membrane, and R100PS also accumulated in mitochondria in BEAS-2B cells. As for the exocytosis, R100PS was more difficult to excrete than G50PS. Lysosomes in A549 cells and actin and microtubule in BEAS-2B cells were involved in the exocytosis of the PS NPs. These findings provide detailed information about the translocation of nanoplastics in lung cells, which is valuable for the safety assessment of nanoplastics in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Liu
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Qiangqiang Zhang
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xue-Rui Tang
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Dan Li
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Chen-Si Li
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yuanfang Liu
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Aoneng Cao
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Haifang Wang
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
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71
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Huang J, Dong G, Liang M, Wu X, Xian M, An Y, Zhan J, Xu L, Xu J, Sun W, Chen S, Chen C, Liu T. Toxicity of micro(nano)plastics with different size and surface charge on human nasal epithelial cells and rats via intranasal exposure. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:136093. [PMID: 36029863 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Micro (nano)plastics (MNPs) have become emerging environmental contaminants, yet their toxicity and systemic effects via intranasal exposure remain unclear. This study investigated the in vitro toxicity of thirteen polystyrene MNPs with different surface functionalization (carboxylic (C-PS), amino (A-PS), and bare (PS)) and sizes (20-2000 nm) on human nasal epithelial cells (HNEpCs) at 10-1250 μg/mL as well as their in vivo toxicity to rats via intranasal administration at 125 μg/mL. The in vitro study showed that PS20, PS50, A-PS50, PS500, and A-PS500 significantly inhibited cell viability, which was dependent on particle concentration. A-PS induced higher cytotoxicity than C-PS and PS, and most MNPs inhibited cell proliferation after 24-h. Flow cytometry analysis suggested that PS induced cell apoptosis, while A-PS caused cell necrosis. MNPs were phagocytosed by HNEpCs and entered nucleus. The in vivo study showed that MNPs inhibited dietary behaviors of rats. Histological analysis indicated that PS20, PS200, and A-PS50 thinned out nasal mucosa. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that exposure to PS20, PS200, and A-PS50 enhanced expression of transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M (melastatin) member 8 (TRPM8). Systemic effects including hepatocyte cytoplasmic vacuolation and renal tubule dilatation were observed. The results suggested that nasal inhalation of MNPs may disturb energy metabolism and damage upper respiratory tract, liver, and kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China; Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China
| | - Guangyuan Dong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China; Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China
| | - Miaoting Liang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, China
| | - Xidong Wu
- Department of Drug Safety Evaluation, Jiangxi Testing Center of Medical Device, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330029, China
| | - Mingjian Xian
- Department of Neurology, The People's Hospital of Dianbai District, Maoming, Guangdong, 525499, China
| | - Yunsong An
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Jiandong Zhan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Lingling Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China; The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Jindong Xu
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Weimin Sun
- Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, 808 Tianyuan Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510650, China
| | - Shaohua Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Chengyu Chen
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, China.
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China; The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China.
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72
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Zhang T, Yang S, Ge Y, Wan X, Zhu Y, Li J, Yin L, Pu Y, Liang G. Polystyrene Nanoplastics Induce Lung Injury via Activating Oxidative Stress: Molecular Insights from Bioinformatics Analysis. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12193507. [PMID: 36234635 PMCID: PMC9565894 DOI: 10.3390/nano12193507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Increasing evidence reveals that airborne plastic particles will continue to degrade into nanoplastics which are then inhaled by humans, causing injury to the respiratory system with controversial molecular mechanisms. (2) Methods: We used polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) as the representative pollutants to explore the inhalation toxicology of nanoplastics and identified the potential mechanism through high-throughput sequencing. (3) Results: PS-NPs inhibited cell viability in a dose-dependent manner and 0 μg/cm2, 7.5 μg/cm2 and 30 μg/cm2 PS-NP-treated groups were selected for RNA-seq. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis suggested that lung injuries caused by PS-NPs were mediated via redox imbalance, which was verified by reactive oxygen species (ROS) staining. Additionally, we obtained ten key transcription factors (TFs) governing differentially expressed genes (DEGs), nine of which were involved in the regulation of oxidative stress. An oxidative stress-associated TF-mRNA regulatory network was constructed on account of the findings above. Further joint analysis with animal experiment data from the GEO database identified a crucial oxidative stress-related molecule, TNFRSF12A. qRT-PCR was performed to confirm the results of RNA-seq. (4) Conclusions: Our study indicates the potential role of oxidative stress in the mechanism of nanoplastics-induced lung injuries, with several key genes being promising targets to analyze in future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Geyu Liang
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-25-83272572; Fax: +86-25-83324322
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73
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Wang X, Ding C, Zhang Z, Li C, Cao D, Zhao L, Deng G, Luo Y, Yuan C, Lu J, Liu X. Degradable nanocatalyst enables antitumor/antibacterial therapy and promotion of wound healing for diabetes via self-enhanced cascading reaction. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.107951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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74
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Lin S, Zhang H, Wang C, Su XL, Song Y, Wu P, Yang Z, Wong MH, Cai Z, Zheng C. Metabolomics Reveal Nanoplastic-Induced Mitochondrial Damage in Human Liver and Lung Cells. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:12483-12493. [PMID: 36005547 PMCID: PMC9454251 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c03980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Plastic debris in the global biosphere is an increasing concern, and nanoplastic (NPs) toxicity in humans is far from being understood. Studies have indicated that NPs can affect mitochondria, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The liver and lungs have important metabolic functions and are vulnerable to NP exposure. In this study, we investigated the effects of 80 nm NPs on mitochondrial functions and metabolic pathways in normal human hepatic (L02) cells and lung (BEAS-2B) cells. NP exposure did not induce mass cell death; however, transmission electron microscopy analysis showed that the NPs could enter the cells and cause mitochondrial damage, as evidenced by overproduction of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, alterations in the mitochondrial membrane potential, and suppression of mitochondrial respiration. These alterations were observed at NP concentrations as low as 0.0125 mg/mL, which might be comparable to the environmental levels. Nontarget metabolomics confirmed that the most significantly impacted processes were mitochondrial-related. The metabolic function of L02 cells was more vulnerable to NP exposure than that of BEAS-2B cells, especially at low NP concentrations. This study identifies NP-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic toxicity pathways in target human cells, providing insight into the possibility of adverse outcomes in human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyi Lin
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department
of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
- State
Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater
Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hongna Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department
of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Chen Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Xiu-Li Su
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department
of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yuanyuan Song
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department
of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Pengfei Wu
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department
of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Zhu Yang
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department
of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Ming-Hung Wong
- Consortium
on Health, Environment, Education and Research (CHEER), Department
of Science and Environmental Studies, The
Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Zongwei Cai
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department
of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
- . Phone: +852-34117070. Fax: +852-34117348
| | - Chunmiao Zheng
- State
Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater
Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- . Phone: 0755-88018086. Fax: 0755-88010822
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