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Du HX, Zhu JQ, Chen J, Zhou HF, Yang JH, Wan HT. Revealing the therapeutic targets and molecular mechanisms of emodin-treated coronavirus disease 2019 via a systematic study of network pharmacology. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:14571-14589. [PMID: 34088885 PMCID: PMC8221358 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Emodin has shown pharmacological effects in the treatment of infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, which leads to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Thus, we speculated that emodin may possess anti-COVID-19 activity. In this study, using bioinformatics databases, we screened and harvested the candidate genes or targets of emodin and COVID-19 prior to the determination of pharmacological targets and molecular mechanisms of emodin against COVID-19. We discovered core targets for the treatment of COVID-19, including mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1), tumor protein (TP53), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), caspase-3 (CASP3), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), interleukin 1B (IL1B), mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 (MAPK14), prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), B-cell lymphoma-2-like protein 1 (BCL2L1), interleukin-8 (CXCL8), myeloid cell leukemia-1 (MCL1), and colony stimulating factor 2 (CSF2). The GO analysis of emodin against COVID-19 mainly included cytokine-mediated signaling pathway, response to lipopolysaccharide, response to molecule of bacterial origin, developmental process involved in reproduction, and reproductive structure development. The KEGG results exhibited that the molecular pathways mainly included IL-17 signaling pathway, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, TNF signaling pathway, pertussis, proteoglycans in cancer, pathways in cancer, MAPK signaling pathway, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, NF-kappa B signaling pathway, etc. Also, molecular docking results revealed the docking capability between emodin and COVID-19 and the potential pharmacological activity of emodin against COVID-19. Taken together, these findings uncovered the targets and pharmacological mechanisms of emodin for treating COVID-19 and suggested that the vital targets might be used as biomarkers against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Xia Du
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Jia-Qi Zhu
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Jing Chen
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Hui-Fen Zhou
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Jie-Hong Yang
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Hai-Tong Wan
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
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55
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Abedini A, Zhu YO, Chatterjee S, Halasz G, Devalaraja-Narashimha K, Shrestha R, S. Balzer M, Park J, Zhou T, Ma Z, Sullivan KM, Hu H, Sheng X, Liu H, Wei Y, Boustany-Kari CM, Patel U, Almaani S, Palmer M, Townsend R, Blady S, Hogan J, Morton L, Susztak K. Urinary Single-Cell Profiling Captures the Cellular Diversity of the Kidney. J Am Soc Nephrol 2021; 32:614-627. [PMID: 33531352 PMCID: PMC7920183 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2020050757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microscopic analysis of urine sediment is probably the most commonly used diagnostic procedure in nephrology. The urinary cells, however, have not yet undergone careful unbiased characterization. METHODS Single-cell transcriptomic analysis was performed on 17 urine samples obtained from five subjects at two different occasions, using both spot and 24-hour urine collection. A pooled urine sample from multiple healthy individuals served as a reference control. In total 23,082 cells were analyzed. Urinary cells were compared with human kidney and human bladder datasets to understand similarities and differences among the observed cell types. RESULTS Almost all kidney cell types can be identified in urine, such as podocyte, proximal tubule, loop of Henle, and collecting duct, in addition to macrophages, lymphocytes, and bladder cells. The urinary cell-type composition was subject specific and reasonably stable using different collection methods and over time. Urinary cells clustered with kidney and bladder cells, such as urinary podocytes with kidney podocytes, and principal cells of the kidney and urine, indicating their similarities in gene expression. CONCLUSIONS A reference dataset for cells in human urine was generated. Single-cell transcriptomics enables detection and quantification of almost all types of cells in the kidney and urinary tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Abedini
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Yuan O. Zhu
- Cardiovascular, Renal and Fibrosis Research, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, New York
| | - Shatakshee Chatterjee
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Gabor Halasz
- Cardiovascular, Renal and Fibrosis Research, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, New York
| | | | - Rojesh Shrestha
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael S. Balzer
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jihwan Park
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Tong Zhou
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ziyuan Ma
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Katie Marie Sullivan
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hailong Hu
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Xin Sheng
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hongbo Liu
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Yi Wei
- Cardiovascular, Renal and Fibrosis Research, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, New York
| | | | - Uptal Patel
- Inflammation and Respiratory Therapeutics, Gilead Sciences Inc., Foster City, California
| | - Salem Almaani
- Division of Nephrology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Matthew Palmer
- Department of Pathology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Raymond Townsend
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Shira Blady
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jonathan Hogan
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - The TRIDENT Study Investigators,*
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Cardiovascular, Renal and Fibrosis Research, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, New York
- Cardiometabolic Disease Research Department, Boehringer Ingelheim, Ridgefield, Connecticut
- Inflammation and Respiratory Therapeutics, Gilead Sciences Inc., Foster City, California
- Division of Nephrology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
- Department of Pathology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Lori Morton
- Cardiovascular, Renal and Fibrosis Research, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, New York
| | - Katalin Susztak
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Piani F, Reinicke T, Borghi C, Tommerdahl KL, Cara-Fuentes G, Johnson RJ, Bjornstad P. Acute Kidney Injury in Pediatric Diabetic Kidney Disease. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:668033. [PMID: 34211943 PMCID: PMC8239177 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.668033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a common complication of type 1 and 2 diabetes and often presents during adolescence and young adulthood. Given the growing incidence of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents, DKD represents a significant public health problem. Acute kidney injury (AKI) in youth with diabetes is strongly associated with risk of DKD development. This review will summarize the epidemiology and pathophysiology of AKI in children with diabetes, the relationship between AKI and DKD, and the potential therapeutic interventions. Finally, we will appraise the impact of the recent COVID-19 infection pandemic on AKI in children with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Piani
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States.,Section of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Colorado and University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States.,Department of Medicine and Surgery Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Trenton Reinicke
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Claudio Borghi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Kalie L Tommerdahl
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States.,Section of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Colorado and University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Gabriel Cara-Fuentes
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States.,Section of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Richard J Johnson
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Petter Bjornstad
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States.,Section of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Colorado and University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
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58
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Llanera DK, Wilmington R, Shoo H, Lisboa P, Jarman I, Wong S, Nizza J, Sharma D, Kalathil D, Rajeev S, Williams S, Yadav R, Qureshi Z, Narayanan RP, Furlong N, Westall S, Nair S. Clinical Characteristics of COVID-19 Patients in a Regional Population With Diabetes Mellitus: The ACCREDIT Study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:777130. [PMID: 35095757 PMCID: PMC8793829 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.777130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify clinical and biochemical characteristics associated with 7- & 30-day mortality and intensive care admission amongst diabetes patients admitted with COVID-19. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted a cohort study collecting data from medical notes of hospitalised people with diabetes and COVID-19 in 7 hospitals within the Mersey-Cheshire region from 1 January to 30 June 2020. We also explored the impact on inpatient diabetes team resources. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed and optimised by splitting the dataset into a training, test, and validation sets, developing a robust predictive model for the primary outcome. RESULTS We analyzed data from 1004 diabetes patients (mean age 74.1 (± 12.6) years, predominantly men 60.7%). 45% belonged to the most deprived population quintile in the UK. Median BMI was 27.6 (IQR 23.9-32.4) kg/m2. The primary outcome (7-day mortality) occurred in 24%, increasing to 33% by day 30. Approximately one in ten patients required insulin infusion (9.8%). In univariate analyses, patients with type 2 diabetes had a higher risk of 7-day mortality [p < 0.05, OR 2.52 (1.06, 5.98)]. Patients requiring insulin infusion had a lower risk of death [p = 0.02, OR 0.5 (0.28, 0.9)]. CKD in younger patients (<70 years) had a greater risk of death [OR 2.74 (1.31-5.76)]. BMI, microvascular and macrovascular complications, HbA1c, and random non-fasting blood glucose on admission were not associated with mortality. On multivariate analysis, CRP and age remained associated with the primary outcome [OR 3.44 (2.17, 5.44)] allowing for a validated predictive model for death by day 7. CONCLUSIONS Higher CRP and advanced age were associated with and predictive of death by day 7. However, BMI, presence of diabetes complications, and glycaemic control were not. A high proportion of these patients required insulin infusion warranting increased input from the inpatient diabetes teams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Kevin Llanera
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Countess of Chester Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Chester, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Daniel Kevin Llanera,
| | - Rebekah Wilmington
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Countess of Chester Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Chester, United Kingdom
| | - Haika Shoo
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Countess of Chester Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Chester, United Kingdom
| | - Paulo Lisboa
- School of Computer Science and Mathematics, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Jarman
- School of Computer Science and Mathematics, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Stephanie Wong
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Arrowe Park Hospital, Birkenhead, United Kingdom
| | - Jael Nizza
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Arrowe Park Hospital, Birkenhead, United Kingdom
| | - Dushyant Sharma
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, The Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Dhanya Kalathil
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, The Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Surya Rajeev
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, The Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Scott Williams
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Aintree University Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Rahul Yadav
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Warrington Hospital, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - Zubair Qureshi
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Leighton Hospital, Crewe, United Kingdom
| | | | - Niall Furlong
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Whiston Hospital, Prescot, United Kingdom
| | - Sam Westall
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Whiston Hospital, Prescot, United Kingdom
| | - Sunil Nair
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Countess of Chester Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Chester, United Kingdom
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