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Le DD, Yu S, Dang T, Lee M. Molecular Networking and Bioassay-Guided Preparation and Separation of Active Extract and Constituents from Vicia tenuifolia Roth. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1876. [PMID: 37891955 PMCID: PMC10604256 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular networking drove the selection of material from V. tenuifolia organs that targeted active flavonoid glycosides. To optimize the extraction process, the flowers of V. tenuifolia were used to produce an anti-inflammatory extract. The effects of variables-organic solvent ratio; extraction time; and temperature-were investigated by the response of anti-inflammatory activity. Bioactivities-guided experiments helped identify fractions with high total phenolic and flavonoid content as well as antioxidant potential. Furthermore, one new compound (1), 19 first isolated together, and two known compounds were obtained and identified from the active fraction of this plant. Among them, compounds (15 and 22) were first reported for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data from this study. All the isolates were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory capacity throughout, modulating nitric oxide (NO), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-8 production. Active compounds were further investigated for their regulation and binding affinity to the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) proteins by Western blot and in silico approaches, respectively. The findings of this study suggested that the developed extract method, active fraction, and pure components should be further investigated as promising candidates for treating inflammation and oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mina Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungangno, Suncheon 57922, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea; (D.D.L.); (S.Y.); (T.D.)
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52
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Shaikh HY, Niazi SK, Bepari A, Cordero MAW, Sheereen S, Hussain SA, Rudrappa M, Nagaraja SK, Agadi SN. Biological Characterization of Cleome felina L.f. Extracts for Phytochemical, Antimicrobial, and Hepatoprotective Activities in Wister Albino Rats. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1506. [PMID: 37887207 PMCID: PMC10604301 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12101506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to explore the phytochemical constitution and biological activities of Cleome felina L.f. (Cleomaceae). C. felina (leaves, stem, and root) extracts (acetone, methanol, and water) were qualitatively assessed for phytochemical presence. Methanolic leaves extract revealed more positive phyto-compounds among all the extracts; further, methanolic leaves extract was evaluated for FTIR, EDX, GCMS, antimicrobial assay, acute toxicity, and paracetamol-induced hepatoprotective activity in Wister albino rats. FTIR and EDX analysis unveiled important functional groups and elements in the leaves. GCMS analysis of methanolic leaves extract exposed 12 active phyto-compounds: major constituents detected were 1-Butanol, 3-methyl-, formate-48.79%; 1-Decanol, 2-ethyl-13.40%; 1,6-Anhydro-β-d-talopyranose-12.49%; Ethene, 1,2-bis(methylthio)-7.22%; Decane-4.02%; 3-Methylene-7, 11-dimethyl-1-dodecene-3.085%; Amlexanox-2.50%; 1,2,3,4-Cyclopentanetetrol, (1α,2β,3β,4α)-2.07%; L-Cysteine S-sulfate-1.84%; n-Hexadecanoic acid-1.70%; and Flucarbazone-1.55%. The antimicrobial assay showed a moderate zone of inhibition against S. aureus, B. cereus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, C. albicans, and C. glabrata at 100 µL/mL concentration. Additionally, acute toxicity revealed no behavioral sign of the toxic effect. The significant results were obtained for methanolic leaves extract (low-50 and high-100 mg/kg b.wt. dose) for hepatoprotective activity, where it dramatically reduced serum blood biochemical markers (AST, ALT, ALP, Total bilirubin, and cholesterol) and exhibited elevated hepatic antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, and GSH) concentration with lipid peroxidation retardation. To conclude, C. felina methanolic leaves extract ameliorated important phytochemical compounds and showed significant antimicrobial and hepatoprotective efficacy; therefore, utilization of C. felina leaves suggested in pharmacological applications, and in numerous cosmetics, herbicides, and food industries, would be a great scope for future hepatoprotective drug designing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heena Yaqub Shaikh
- Department of P.G. Studies in Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, Karnataka, India; (H.Y.S.); (M.R.); (S.K.N.)
| | - Shaik Kalimulla Niazi
- Department of Preparatory Health Sciences, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh 12611, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Asmatanzeem Bepari
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (A.B.); (M.A.W.C.)
| | - Mary Anne Wong Cordero
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (A.B.); (M.A.W.C.)
| | - Shazima Sheereen
- Department of Pathology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore 576104, Karnataka, India;
| | - Syed Arif Hussain
- Respiratory Care Department, College of Applied Science, Almaarefa University, Diriyah, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Muthuraj Rudrappa
- Department of P.G. Studies in Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, Karnataka, India; (H.Y.S.); (M.R.); (S.K.N.)
| | | | - Shekappa Ningappa Agadi
- Department of P.G. Studies in Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, Karnataka, India; (H.Y.S.); (M.R.); (S.K.N.)
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Alarjani KM, Yehia HM, Badr AN, Ali HS, Al-Masoud AH, Alhaqbani SM, Alkhatib SA, Rady AM. Anti-MRSA and Biological Activities of Propolis Concentrations Loaded to Chitosan Nanoemulsion for Pharmaceutics Applications. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2386. [PMID: 37896146 PMCID: PMC10610434 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15102386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Propolis is a naturally occurring substance with beneficial properties; bees produce it from various plant sources, and it is an anti-inflammatory and therapeutic resinous substance. This study aimed to enhance the biological features of propolis extract by loading it onto active film. Firstly, extraction was performed using three solvent systems, and their total phenolic, flavonoid, and antioxidant activity was measured. Propolis ethanol extract (EEP) was evaluated for phenolic fraction content and then chosen to prepare a chitosan-loaded emulsion with several concentrations. The antibacterial, anti-mycotic, and anti-mycotoxigenic properties of the extract and nanoemulsion were assessed. PPE's cytotoxicity and nanoemulsion were evaluated using brine shrimp and cell line assays. Results indicate higher phenolic (322.57 ± 4.28 mg GAE/g DW), flavonoid (257.64 ± 5.27 mg QE/g DW), and antioxidant activity of the EEP. The phenolic fraction is distinguished by 18 phenolic acids with high p-hydroxybenzoic content (171.75 ± 1.64 µg/g) and 12 flavonoid compounds with high pinocembrin and quercetin content (695.91 ± 1.76 and 532.35 ± 1.88 µg/g, respectively). Phenolic acid derivatives (3,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde, 3,4-Dihydroxyphenol acetate, and di-methoxy cinnamic) are also found. Concentrations of 50, 100, 150, and 200 ng EEP loaded on chitosan nanoemulsion reflect significant antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria, particularly methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and toxigenic fungi, particularly Fusarium. Among the four EEP-loaded concentrations, the nanoemulsion with 150 ng showed outstanding features. Using a simulated medium, 150 and 200 ng of EEP-loaded chitosan nanoemulsion concentrations can stop zearalenone production in Fusarium media with complete fungi inhibition. Also, it reduced aflatoxins production in Aspergillus media, with fungal inhibition (up to 47.18%). These results recommended the EEP-chitosan application for pharmaceutics and medical use as a comprehensive wound healing agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaloud Mohammed Alarjani
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia (S.M.A.); (A.M.R.)
| | - Hany Mohamed Yehia
- Food Science and Nutrition Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ahmed Noah Badr
- Food Toxicology and Contaminants Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Hatem Salma Ali
- Food Technology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt;
| | - Abdulrahman Hamad Al-Masoud
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia (S.M.A.); (A.M.R.)
| | - Sarah Mubark Alhaqbani
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia (S.M.A.); (A.M.R.)
| | - Shahad Ahmed Alkhatib
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia (S.M.A.); (A.M.R.)
| | - Ahmed Moustafa Rady
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia (S.M.A.); (A.M.R.)
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Merecz-Sadowska A, Sitarek P, Kowalczyk T, Palusiak M, Hoelm M, Zajdel K, Zajdel R. In Vitro Evaluation and In Silico Calculations of the Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Secondary Metabolites from Leonurus sibiricus L. Root Extracts. Molecules 2023; 28:6550. [PMID: 37764326 PMCID: PMC10537019 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Leonurus sibiricus L. has great ethnobotanical and ethnomedicinal significance. This study aimed to assess the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of Leonurus sibiricus L. transgenic roots extracts transformed by Rhizobium rhizogenes, with and without the AtPAP1 transcriptional factor. The study determined the total phenolic and flavonoid contents, as well as in vitro antioxidant assays, including hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide scavenging activity. In addition, in silico computational studies and molecular docking were conducted to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of the identified compounds. The ligands were docked to NADPH oxidase, cyclooxygenase 2,5-lipoxygenase, inducible nitric synthase and xanthine oxidase: enzymes involved in the inflammatory process. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents ranged from 85.3 ± 0.35 to 57.4 ± 0.15 mg/g GAE/g and 25.6 ± 0.42 to 18.2 ± 0.44 mg/g QUE/g in hairy root extracts with and without AtPAP1, respectively. H2O2 scavenging activity (IC50) was found to be 29.3 µg/mL (with AtPAP1) and 37.5 µg/mL (without AtPAP1 transcriptional factor), and NO scavenging activity (IC50) was 48.0 µg/mL (with AtPAP1) and 68.8 µg/mL (without AtPAP1 transcriptional factor). Leonurus sibiricus L. transformed root extracts, both with and without AtPAP1, are a source of phytochemicals belonging to different classes of molecules, such as flavonoids (catechin and rutin), phenolic compounds (caffeic acid, coumaric acid, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid) and phenylpropanoid (verbascoside). Among the radicals formed after H removal from the different -OH positions, the lowest bond dissociation enthalpy was observed for rutin (4'-OH). Rutin was found to bind with cyclooxygenase 2, inducible nitric synthases and xanthine oxidase, whereas chlorogenic acid demonstrated optimal binding with 5-lipoxygenase. Therefore, it appears that the Leonurus sibiricus L. transformed root extract, both with and without the AtPAP1 transcriptional factor, may serve as a potential source of active components with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential; however, the extract containing AtPAP1 demonstrates superior activities. These properties could be beneficial for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Merecz-Sadowska
- Department of Economic and Medical Informatics, University of Lodz, 90-214 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Przemysław Sitarek
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-151 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Kowalczyk
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Marcin Palusiak
- Theoretical and Structural Group, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (M.P.); (M.H.)
| | - Marta Hoelm
- Theoretical and Structural Group, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (M.P.); (M.H.)
| | - Karolina Zajdel
- Department of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-645 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Radosław Zajdel
- Department of Economic and Medical Informatics, University of Lodz, 90-214 Lodz, Poland;
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Hou T, Guo Y, Han W, Zhou Y, Netala VR, Li H, Li H, Zhang Z. Exploring the Biomedical Applications of Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles Using Perilla frutescens Flavonoid Extract: Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Cell Toxicity Properties against Colon Cancer Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:6431. [PMID: 37687260 PMCID: PMC10490294 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study reports the biomimetic synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using a simple, cost effective and eco-friendly method. In this method, the flavonoid extract of Perilla frutescens (PFFE) was used as a bioreduction agent for the reduction of metallic silver into nanosilver, called P. frutescens flavonoid extract silver nanoparticles (PFFE-AgNPs). The Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectrum showed a characteristic absorption peak at 440 nm that confirmed the synthesis of PFFE-AgNPs. A Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic (FTIR) analysis of the PFFE-AgNPs revealed that flavonoids are involved in the bioreduction and capping processes. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns confirmed the face-centered cubic (FCC) crystal structure of PFFE-AgNPs. A transmission electron microscopic (TEM) analysis indicated that the synthesized PFFE-AgNPs are 20 to 70 nm in size with spherical morphology and without any aggregation. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) studies showed that the average hydrodynamic size was 44 nm. A polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.321 denotes the monodispersed nature of PFFE-AgNPs. Further, a highly negative surface charge or zeta potential value (-30 mV) indicates the repulsion, non-aggregation, and stability of PFFE-AgNPs. PFFE-AgNPs showed cytotoxic effects against cancer cell lines, including human colon carcinoma (COLO205) and mouse melanoma (B16F10), with IC50 concentrations of 59.57 and 69.33 μg/mL, respectively. PFFE-AgNPs showed a significant inhibition of both Gram-positive (Listeria monocytogens and Enterococcus faecalis) and Gram-negative (Salmonella typhi and Acinetobacter baumannii) bacteria pathogens. PFFE-AgNPs exhibited in vitro antioxidant activity by quenching 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) free radicals with IC50 values of 72.81 and 92.48 µg/mL, respectively. In this study, we also explained the plausible mechanisms of the biosynthesis, anticancer, and antibacterial effects of PFFE-AgNPs. Overall, these findings suggest that PFFE-AgNPs have potential as a multi-functional nanomaterial for biomedical applications, particularly in cancer therapy and infection control. However, it is important to note that further research is needed to determine the safety and efficacy of these nanoparticles in vivo, as well as to explore their potential in other areas of medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Hou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China; (Y.G.); (W.H.); (Y.Z.); (V.R.N.); (H.L.); (H.L.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhijun Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China; (Y.G.); (W.H.); (Y.Z.); (V.R.N.); (H.L.); (H.L.)
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Yang J, Lou J, Zhong W, Li Y, He Y, Su S, Chen X, Zhu B. Chemical Profile of Turnip According to the Plant Part and the Cultivar: A Multivariate Approach. Foods 2023; 12:3195. [PMID: 37685128 PMCID: PMC10486609 DOI: 10.3390/foods12173195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Turnip (Brassica rapa subsp. rapa) is a cruciferous plant cultivated worldwide that serves as a source of nutrients and bioactive compounds. Most turnip studies have focused on a few compounds or on part of the plant. The establishment of a complete chemical profile of different plant parts would facilitate its use for nutritional and medicinal purposes. In the current study, mineral elements, soluble sugars, free amino acids (FAA), total phenols (TP), total flavonoids (TF), and glucosinolates (GS) were quantified in the leaves, stems, and roots. Results were compared for 20 strains of turnip. The outcomes showed significant differences between parts of the plant and strains. The leaves exhibited the highest TF, TP, indispensable FAA, and microelement levels, and they showed a higher GS. Moreover, the stems had a high content of GS and macroelements. Furthermore, the roots showed high levels of free sugars and total FAA. The findings of this work provide the basis for utilizing each part of the turnip plant based on its chemical composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China (Y.L.); (Y.H.)
| | - Jiashu Lou
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China (Y.L.); (Y.H.)
| | - Weiwei Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China (Y.L.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yaochen Li
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China (Y.L.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yong He
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China (Y.L.); (Y.H.)
| | - Shiwen Su
- Wenzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenzhou 325006, China (X.C.)
| | - Xianzhi Chen
- Wenzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenzhou 325006, China (X.C.)
| | - Biao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China (Y.L.); (Y.H.)
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Biernacka P, Felisiak K, Adamska I, Śnieg M, Podsiadło C. Effect of Brewing Conditions on Antioxidant Properties of Ginkgo biloba Leaves Infusion. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1455. [PMID: 37507994 PMCID: PMC10376522 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the growing awareness of the importance of healthy eating in society, there is an increasing interest in the use of herbs and low-processed, natural products. Ginkgo biloba is a raw material with a high pro-health potential, which is related to the high content of antioxidant compounds. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between the antioxidant activity of Ginkgo biloba leaf infusions and the weighted amount of leaves and brewing time. In addition, a sensory analysis of the infusions obtained was carried out. The innovation is to determine the migration of micro- and macroelements to the infusion prepared from Ginkgo biloba depending on the leaves' weight used and the brewing time. The research showed the dependence of the antioxidant activity of the infusions and the migration of microelements on the size of the dried material and the brewing time. In the publication, the main factors influencing the quality of infusions were analysed, their mutual correlations were determined, and combinations showing the highest antioxidant activity and, at the same time, the highest sensory acceptability were selected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Biernacka
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Fisheries, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, 70-310 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Felisiak
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Fisheries, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, 70-310 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Iwona Adamska
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Fisheries, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, 70-310 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Marek Śnieg
- Department of Agroengineering, Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, 70-310 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Cezary Podsiadło
- Department of Agroengineering, Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, 70-310 Szczecin, Poland
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Popov M, Kubeš J, Vachová P, Hnilička F, Zemanová V, Česká J, Praus L, Lhotská M, Kudrna J, Tunklová B, Štengl K, Krucký J, Turnovec T. Effect of Arsenic Soil Contamination on Stress Response Metabolites, 5-Methylcytosine Level and CDC25 Expression in Spinach. TOXICS 2023; 11:568. [PMID: 37505533 PMCID: PMC10383220 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11070568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Experimental spinach plants grown in soil with (5, 10 and 20 ppm) arsenic (As) contamination were sampled in 21 days after As(V) contamination. Levels of As in spinach samples (from 0.31 ± 0.06 µg g-1 to 302.69 ± 11.83 µg g-1) were higher in roots and lower in leaves, which indicates a low ability of spinach to translocate As into leaves. Species of arsenic, As(III) and As(V), were represented in favor of the As (III) specie in contaminated variants, suggesting enzymatic arsenate reduction. In relation to predominant As accumulation in roots, changes in malondialdehyde levels were observed mainly in roots, where they decreased significantly with growing As contamination (from 11.97 ± 0.54 µg g-1 in control to 2.35 ± 0.43 µg g-1 in 20 ppm As). Higher values in roots than in leaves were observed in the case of 5-methylcytosine (5-mC). Despite that, a change in 5-mC by As contamination was further deepened in leaves (from 0.20 to 14.10%). In roots of spinach, expression of the CDC25 gene increased by the highest As contamination compared to the control. In the case of total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, total phenolic acids content and total antioxidant capacity were higher levels in leaves in all values, unlike the roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Popov
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kubeš
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Pavla Vachová
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - František Hnilička
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Zemanová
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Česká
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Praus
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Lhotská
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Kudrna
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Tunklová
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Štengl
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Krucký
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Turnovec
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic
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Zhang M, Chang C, Li J, Sun Y, Cai Y, Gu L, Xiong W, Yang Y, Su Y. Comparative study on the effect of inhibitory methods on the color and gelation properties of alkali induced heat-set konjac gel from Amorphophallus bulbifer. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 237:123975. [PMID: 36907300 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
As a newly superior konjac variety, the Amorphophallus bulbifer (A. bulbifer) was easily browning during the alkali-induced process. In this study, five different inhibitory methods, such as citric-acid heat pretreatment (CAT), mixed with citric acid (CA), mixed with ascorbic acid (AA), mixed with L-cysteine (CYS), and mixed with potato starch (PS, containing TiO2), were separately used to inhibit the browning of alkali-induced heat-set A. bulbifer gel (ABG). The color and gelation properties were then investigated and compared. Results showed that the inhibitory methods had significant influences on the appearance, color, physicochemical properties, rheological properties, and microstructures of ABG. Among them, the CAT method not only significantly inhibited the browning of ABG (ΔE value dropped from 25.74 to 14.68) but also improved the water-holding capacity, moisture distribution, and thermal stability without damaging the textural properties of ABG. Moreover, SEM revealed that both CAT and adding PS methods could exhibit the more dense gel network structures of ABG than other methods. It was reasonable to conclude that ABG-CAT offered a superior method to prevent browning compared to the other methods based on the texture, microstructure, color, appearance, and thermal stability of the product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mianzhang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Cuihua Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Junhua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yuanyuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yundan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Luping Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Wen Xiong
- Hunan Jiapin Jiawei Technology Development Group Co. LTD, Hunan Engineering & Technology Research Center for Food Flavors and Flavorings, Jinshi, Hunan 415400, China
| | - Yanjun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Hunan Jiapin Jiawei Technology Development Group Co. LTD, Hunan Engineering & Technology Research Center for Food Flavors and Flavorings, Jinshi, Hunan 415400, China
| | - Yujie Su
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Hunan Jiapin Jiawei Technology Development Group Co. LTD, Hunan Engineering & Technology Research Center for Food Flavors and Flavorings, Jinshi, Hunan 415400, China.
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Silva DJS, Santos JAV, Pinto JCN, Llorent-Martínez EJ, Castilho PC, Batista de Carvalho LAE, Marques MPM, Barroca MJ, Moreira da Silva A, da Costa RMF. Spectrochemical analysis of seasonal and sexual variation of antioxidants in Corema album (L.) D. Don leaf extracts. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 299:122816. [PMID: 37192576 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive phytoconstituents have been increasingly investigated for their potential human health benefits. Corema album (L.) D. Don, an Ericaceae, reportedly has antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer properties. Aiming at enhancing its nutraceutical potential, we performed a spectrochemical analysis of hydroethanolic extracts from C. album leaves. We report on changes in the antioxidant activity of the extracts, as well as in the accumulation of key phytoconstituents (namely phenolic compounds), in female and male samples, throughout three harvesting seasons (February, July, and October). For each extract, the antioxidant activity was assessed by different spectrophotometric methods. Simultaneously, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform mid-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR), and high-performance liquid chromatography - electrospray ionisation - quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS), were used to identify and monitor variations in the composition of phenolic compounds in the extracts. The main compounds identified were epicatechin, laricitrin-O-hexoside isomers, and myricetin-O-hexoside isomers. Significant differences were found in the composition and relative abundance of the compounds of interest, according to sex and season. Overall, a trend was observed whereby phenolic content and antioxidant activities were higher in males and increased between the earlier and the latest harvests. Based on these results, we may conclude that late summer or early autumn harvests are preferable when aiming at the highest yearly content of bioactive compounds. Additionally, it should be considered that extracts from male individuals typically display higher antioxidant activities. Ultimately, our understanding of C. album in the context of nutraceutical applications is benefited from the quantitative and qualitative portrait provided here, thus promoting its relevance as a source of bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela J S Silva
- Molecular Physical-Chemistry R&D Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João A V Santos
- Molecular Physical-Chemistry R&D Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joana C N Pinto
- CQM - Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Eulogio J Llorent-Martínez
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, E-23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Paula C Castilho
- CQM - Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Luís A E Batista de Carvalho
- Molecular Physical-Chemistry R&D Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria Paula M Marques
- Molecular Physical-Chemistry R&D Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal; Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria João Barroca
- Molecular Physical-Chemistry R&D Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal; Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Agriculture School, 3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Aida Moreira da Silva
- Molecular Physical-Chemistry R&D Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal; Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Agriculture School, 3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ricardo M F da Costa
- Molecular Physical-Chemistry R&D Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal.
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Maleki H, Doostan M, Farzaei MH, Seifi P, Miraghaee S, Doostan M. Achillea wilhelmsii-Incorporated Chitosan@Eudragit Nanoparticles Intended for Enhanced Ulcerative Colitis Treatment. AAPS PharmSciTech 2023; 24:112. [PMID: 37118443 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-023-02568-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Achillea wilhelmsii (A. wilhelmsii) contains several therapeutic phytochemicals, proposing a protective effect on inflammatory responses in autoimmune diseases such as ulcerative colitis (UC). However, its activities against UC encounter multiple obstacles. The current study aimed to formulate a colon-specific delivery of A. wilhelmsii for treating UC using chitosan nanoparticles (NPs) and Eudragit S100 as a mucoadhesive and pH-sensitive polymer, respectively. Core chitosan NP was loaded with A. wilhelmsii extract, followed by coating with Eudragit S100. Then, physicochemical characterizations of prepared NPs were conducted, and the anti-UC activity in the rat model was evaluated. The relevant physicochemical characterizations indicated the spherical NPs with an average particle size of 305 ± 34 nm and high encapsulation efficiency (88.6 ± 7.3%). The FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) analysis revealed the Eudragit coating and the extract loading, as well as the high radical scavenging ability of A. wilhelmsii was confirmed. The loaded NPs prevented the extract release in an acidic pH-mimicking medium and presented a complete release thereafter at a colonic pH. The loaded NPs markedly mitigated the induced UC lesions in rats, reflected by reducing inflammation, ulcer severity, and UC-related symptoms. Further, histopathological analysis exhibited reducing the extent of the inflammation and damage to colon tissue, and the determination of the involved pro-inflammatory cytokines in serum showed a significant reduction relative to free extract. The present results show that chitosan NPs containing A. wilhelmsii extract coated with Eudragit having proper physicochemical properties and substantial anti-inflammatory activity can significantly improve colonic lesions caused by UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Maleki
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Daneshgah Street, PO Box: 67145-1673, Kermanshah, 6734667149, Iran.
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Maryam Doostan
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Daneshgah Street, PO Box: 67145-1673, Kermanshah, 6734667149, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Daneshgah Street, PO Box: 67145-1673, Kermanshah, 6734667149, Iran
| | - Parisa Seifi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Daneshgah Street, PO Box: 67145-1673, Kermanshah, 6734667149, Iran
| | - Shahram Miraghaee
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mahtab Doostan
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Dong Y, Guo W, Xiao W, Liu J, Jia Z, Zhao X, Jiang Z, Chang E. Effects of Different Donor Ages on the Growth of Cutting Seedlings Propagated from Ancient Platycladus orientalis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12091754. [PMID: 37176812 PMCID: PMC10181453 DOI: 10.3390/plants12091754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The effects of tree age on the growth of cutting seedlings propagated from ancient trees have been an important issue in plant breeding and cultivation. In order to understand seedling growth and stress resistance stability, phenotypic measurements, physiological assays, and high-throughput transcriptome sequencing were performed on sown seedlings propagated from 5-year-old donors and cutting seedlings propagated from 5-, 300-, and 700-year-old Platycladus orientalis donors. In this study, the growth of cutting seedlings propagated from ancient trees was significantly slower; the soluble sugar and chlorophyll contents gradually decreased with the increase in the age of donors, and the flavonoid and total phenolic contents of sown seedlings were higher than those of cutting seedlings. Enrichment analysis of differential genes showed that plant hormone signal transduction, the plant-pathogen interaction, and the flavone and flavonol biosynthesis pathways were significantly up-regulated with the increasing age of cutting seedlings propagated from 300- and 700-year-old donors. A total of 104,764 differentially expressed genes were calculated using weighted gene co-expression network analysis, and 8 gene modules were obtained. Further, 10 hub genes in the blue module were identified, which revealed that the expression levels of JAZ, FLS, RPM1/RPS3, CML, and RPS2 increased with the increase in tree age. The results demonstrated that the age of the donors seriously affected the growth of P. orientalis cutting seedlings and that cutting propagation can preserve the resistance of ancient trees. The results of this study provide important insights into the effects of age on asexually propagated seedlings, reveal potential molecular mechanisms, and contribute to an improvement in the level of breeding and conservation of ancient germplasm resources of P. orientalis trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Dong
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Taishan Academy of Forestry Sciences, Taian 271000, China
| | - Wenfa Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Jianfeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Zirui Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Xiulian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Zeping Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Ermei Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
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Huang X, Zhang Y, Xie N, Cheng J, Wang Y, Yuan S, Li Q, Shi R, He L, Chen M. Molecular Characterization and Bioactivities of a Novel Polysaccharide from Phyllostachys pracecox Bamboo Shoot Residues. Foods 2023; 12:foods12091758. [PMID: 37174297 PMCID: PMC10177804 DOI: 10.3390/foods12091758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary carbohydrates are unexploited in the by-products of economically valuable Phyllostachys pracecox bamboo shoots. A residue-derived polysaccharide (PBSR1) was aqueously extracted from the processing waste of this bamboo shoot species. Its primary structure and advanced conformation were elucidated by a combined analysis of spectroscopy, chromatography, 2D nuclear magnetic resonance, laser light scattering and atomic microscopy. The results indicated PBSR1 was a triple-helix galactan consisting of →6)-β-D-Galp and →3)-β-D-Galp in linear with an 863 KD molecular weight (Mw). The relationship between the radius of gyration (Rg) and intrinsic viscosity ([η]) on Mw were established as Rg = 1.95 × 10-2Mw0.52±0.03 (nm) and [η] = 9.04 × 10-1Mw0.56±0.02 (mL/g) for PBSR1 in saline solution at 25 °C, which indicated it adopted a triple-helix chain shape with a height of 1.60 ± 0.12 nm supported by a red shift of λmax in Congo red analysis. The thermodynamic test (TG) displayed that it had excellent thermal stability for the food industry. Further, those unique structure features furnish PBSR1 on antioxidation with EC50 of 0.65 mg/mL on DPPH· and an ORAC value of 329.46 ± 12.1 μmol TE/g. It also possessed pronounced immunostimulation by up-regulating pro-inflammatory signals including NO, IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β in murine cells. Our studies provided substantial data for the high-valued application of residues and a better understanding of the structure-function relationship of polysaccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xubo Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Biochemical Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Yalan Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Na Xie
- The Key Laboratory of Biochemical Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Junwen Cheng
- The Key Laboratory of Biochemical Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Yanbin Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Biochemical Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Shaofei Yuan
- Bamboo Shoots Engineering Research Center of the State Forestry Bureau, Department of Bamboo, Zhejiang Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Qin Li
- Bamboo Shoots Engineering Research Center of the State Forestry Bureau, Department of Bamboo, Zhejiang Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Rui Shi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Liang He
- The Key Laboratory of Biochemical Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Min Chen
- Zhejiang Longyou International Trade Bamboo Shoots Co., Ltd., Quzhou 324400, China
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Polivanova OB, Tiurin KN, Sivolapova AB, Goryunova SV, Zhevora SV. Influence of Increased Radiation Background on Antioxidative Responses of Helianthus tuberosus L. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040956. [PMID: 37107330 PMCID: PMC10135547 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
As a result of the accident at the Chornobyl Nuclear Power Plant, significant territories were exposed to ionizing radiation. Some isotopes, such as 137Cs, are capable of making a significant impact on living organisms in the long-term perspective. The generation of reactive oxygen species is one mechanism by which ionizing radiation affects living organisms, initiating mechanisms of antioxidant protection. In this article, the effect of increased ionizing radiation on the content of non-enzymatic antioxidants and the activity of antioxidant defense enzymes of Helianthus tuberosum L. was studied. This plant is widely distributed in Europe and characterized by high adaptability to abiotic factors. We found that the activity of antioxidant defense enzymes, such as catalase and peroxidase, weakly correlated with radiation exposure. The activity of ascorbate peroxidase, on the contrary, is strongly positively correlated with radiation exposure. The samples growing on the territory with constant low exposure to ionizing radiation were also characterized by an increased concentration of ascorbic acid and water-soluble phenolic compounds compared to the controls. This study may be useful for understanding the mechanisms underlying the adaptive reactions of plants under prolonged exposure to ionizing radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana B Polivanova
- Laboratory of Cell and Genomic Technologies, Russian Potato Research Center, 140051 Kraskovo, Russia
- Department of Biotechnology, Russian State Agrarian University, Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Timiryazevskaya Str., 49, 127550 Moscow, Russia
| | - Kirill N Tiurin
- Laboratory of Systemic Genomics and Plant Mobilomics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutsky Lane, 9, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia
- Laboratory of Marker and Genomic Plant Breeding, All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Timiryazevskaya Str., 42, 127550 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia B Sivolapova
- Laboratory of Cell and Genomic Technologies, Russian Potato Research Center, 140051 Kraskovo, Russia
| | - Svetlana V Goryunova
- Laboratory of Cell and Genomic Technologies, Russian Potato Research Center, 140051 Kraskovo, Russia
| | - Sergey V Zhevora
- Laboratory of Cell and Genomic Technologies, Russian Potato Research Center, 140051 Kraskovo, Russia
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Pavlić B, Kaplan M, Zeković Z, Canli O, Jovičić N, Bursać Kovačević D, Bebek Markovinović A, Putnik P, Bera O. Kinetics of Microwave-Assisted Extraction Process Applied on Recovery of Peppermint Polyphenols: Experiments and Modeling. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1391. [PMID: 36987079 PMCID: PMC10053306 DOI: 10.3390/plants12061391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to investigate the microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) kinetics of polyphenolic compounds from organic peppermint leaves. The phytochemicals of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) are increasingly used in food technology due to their numerous biological activities. The processing of various plant materials by MAE and the production of high-quality extracts is becoming increasingly important. Therefore, the influence of microwave irradiation power (90, 180, 360, 600, and 800 W) on total extraction yield (Y), total polyphenols yield (TP), and flavonoid yield (TF) were investigated. Common empirical models (first-order, Peleg's hyperbolic, Elovich's logarithmic, and power-law model) were applied to the extraction process. The first-order kinetics model provided the best agreement with the experimental results in terms of statistical parameters (SSer, R2, and AARD). Therefore, the influences of irradiation power on the adjustable model parameters (k and Ceq) were investigated. It was found that irradiation power exerted a significant influence on k, while its influence on the asymptotic value of the response was negligible. The highest experimentally determined k (2.28 min-1) was obtained at an irradiation power of 600 W, while the optimal irradiation power determined by the maximum fitting curve determination predicted the highest k (2.36 min-1) at 665 W.
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Affiliation(s)
- Branimir Pavlić
- Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (B.P.)
| | - Muammer Kaplan
- TUBITAK Marmara Research Centre, Institute of Chemical Technology, P.O. Box 21, Gebze 41470, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Zoran Zeković
- Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (B.P.)
| | - Oltan Canli
- TUBITAK Marmara Research Centre, Environment and Cleaner Production Institute, P.O. Box 21, Gebze 41470, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Nebojša Jovičić
- Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (B.P.)
| | - Danijela Bursać Kovačević
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Anica Bebek Markovinović
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Predrag Putnik
- Department of Food Technology, University North, Trg dr. Žarka Dolinara 1, 48000 Koprivnica, Croatia
| | - Oskar Bera
- Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (B.P.)
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66
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Sun H, Wang S, Zhu C, Yang K, Liu Y, Gao Z. A new biotechnology for in-planta gene editing and its application in promoting flavonoid biosynthesis in bamboo leaves. PLANT METHODS 2023; 19:20. [PMID: 36864483 PMCID: PMC9979463 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-023-00993-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bamboo is a perennial and renewable biomass forest resource and its leaf flavonoid is an antioxidant for biological and pharmacological research. The established genetic transformation and gene editing systems in bamboo are significantly limited by the dependence on bamboo regeneration capability. The way to improve the flavonoid content in bamboo leaves through biotechnology is still not feasible. RESULTS Here, we developed an in-planta, Agrobacterium-mediated gene expression method for exogenous genes via wounding and vacuum in bamboo. We demonstrated that the RUBY served as a reporter efficiently expressed in bamboo leaves and shoots, albeit unable to integrate into the chromosome. We have also developed a gene editing system by creating an in situ mutant of the bamboo violaxanthin de-epoxidase (PeVDE) gene in bamboo leaves, with lower NPQ values under the fluorometer, which can serve as a native reporter for gene editing. Furthermore, the bamboo leaves with increased flavonoid content were achieved by knocking out the cinnamoyl-CoA reductase genes. CONCLUSIONS Our method can be applied for the functional characterization of novel genes in a short time and is helpful for bamboo leaf flavonoid biotechnology breeding in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huayu Sun
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, 100102 China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, 100102 China
| | - Sining Wang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, 100102 China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, 100102 China
| | - Chenglei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, 100102 China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, 100102 China
| | - Kebin Yang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, 100102 China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, 100102 China
| | - Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, 100102 China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, 100102 China
| | - Zhimin Gao
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, 100102 China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, 100102 China
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Boonpisuttinant K, Srisuttee R, Yen Khong H, Chutoprapat R, Ruksiriwanich W, Udompong S, Chompoo W, Boonbai R, Rakkaew R, Sangsee J, Sriprasert K, Malilas W. In vitro anti-ageing activities of ethanolic extracts from Pink rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum Linn.) for skin applications. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:535-546. [PMID: 37063444 PMCID: PMC10102410 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin ageing is characterized by features such as wrinkles, loss of elasticity, laxity, rough-textured appearance, melasma and freckles. Several researches have focused for preventing, and treating skin ageing by many natural ingredients. This study aimed to assess the anti-ageing activities for anti-skin ageing of the ethanolic extracts of Pink rambutan (PR) (Nephelium lappaceum Linn.) from leaves (L), branches (B), seeds (S), and peels from ripe (R) and young (Y) fruits. The extraction yields of all Pink Rambutan (PR) extracted by the Maceration (M) and the Soxhlet extraction (Sox) using 95% ethanol as a solvent, ranged from 10.62% to 30.63%. Flavonoids were found as the main phytochemicals in almost all the PR extracts. The PR-Y-M and PR-Y-Sox extracts gave the highest total phenolic contents by the Folin-Ciocalteu assay of 67.60 ± 4.38 mgGAE/g, and total flavonoid contents by the modified aluminum chloride colorimetric assay of 678.72 ± 23.59 mgQE/g, respectively. The PR-L-M extracts showed the highest three anti-oxidative activities; the free radical scavenging (SC50 of 0.320 ± 0.070 mg/mL), the lipid peroxidation inhibition (LC50 of 0.274 ± 0.029 mg/mL), and the metal chelation activity (MC50 of 0.203 ± 0.021 mg/mL). All the PR extracts at 0.01 and 0.1 mg/mL showed no cytotoxicity on B16F10 cells, and human skin fibroblasts, respectively. Likewise, the PR-R-Sox extract exhibited the highest anti-melanogenesis on B16F10 cells (52.7 ± 0.9%) and, the mushroom tyrosinase inhibition activity (IC50 of 0.04 ± 0.02 mg/mL), which was significantly comparable to kojic acid (p < 0.05). The PR-Y-Sox extract showed the collagen biosynthesis by the Sirius Red method, and the stimulation of anti-ageing genes (Sirt1 and Foxo1) on human skin fibroblasts by the RT-PCR method, which were similar to standards ʟ-ascorbic acid and resveratrol, respectively. This study suggests that the PR-R-Sox and PR-Y-Sox extracts can be further developed as natural anti-ageing agents for whitening and anti-wrinkle in the cosmetics, cosmeceutical, and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Korawinwich Boonpisuttinant
- Innovative Natural Products from Thai Wisdom Research Unit, Faculty of Integrative Medicine, Rajamangala University of Technology, Thanyaburi, Pathumthani 12130, Thailand
| | - Ratakorn Srisuttee
- Faculty of Medicine, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
| | - Heng Yen Khong
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sarawak Branch, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Romchat Chutoprapat
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | | | - Sarinporn Udompong
- Innovative Natural Products from Thai Wisdom Research Unit, Faculty of Integrative Medicine, Rajamangala University of Technology, Thanyaburi, Pathumthani 12130, Thailand
| | - Wirinda Chompoo
- Innovative Natural Products from Thai Wisdom Research Unit, Faculty of Integrative Medicine, Rajamangala University of Technology, Thanyaburi, Pathumthani 12130, Thailand
| | - Rattiya Boonbai
- Innovative Natural Products from Thai Wisdom Research Unit, Faculty of Integrative Medicine, Rajamangala University of Technology, Thanyaburi, Pathumthani 12130, Thailand
| | - Rattikarl Rakkaew
- Innovative Natural Products from Thai Wisdom Research Unit, Faculty of Integrative Medicine, Rajamangala University of Technology, Thanyaburi, Pathumthani 12130, Thailand
| | - Jinapa Sangsee
- Innovative Natural Products from Thai Wisdom Research Unit, Faculty of Integrative Medicine, Rajamangala University of Technology, Thanyaburi, Pathumthani 12130, Thailand
| | - Ketsani Sriprasert
- Innovative Natural Products from Thai Wisdom Research Unit, Faculty of Integrative Medicine, Rajamangala University of Technology, Thanyaburi, Pathumthani 12130, Thailand
| | - Waraporn Malilas
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
- Corresponding author at: Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand.
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Deng M, Zhang R, Zhang S, Lu Q, Dong L, Huang F, Jia X, Ma Q, Chi J, Zhao D, Yan S, Zhang M. The flavonoid profiles in different tissue parts of Shatianyu (Citrus grandis L. Osbeck) and their in vitro bioactivity. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2023.114712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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69
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Zhang M, Gu L, Chang C, Li J, Sun Y, Cai Y, Xiong W, Yang Y, Su Y. Evaluation of the composition of konjac glucomannan on the color changes during the deacetylation reaction. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 228:242-250. [PMID: 36563814 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
As a newly superior konjac variety, the Amorphophallus bulbifer (A. bulbifer) has several unique advantages of high reproductive coefficient, short growth cycle, high disease resistance, high konjac glucomannan (KGM) content and climate adaption to hot or humid conditions. However, the gel formed by KGM from the A. bulbifer flour is easily browning during the alkali-induced process and the mechanism underlying them is still unclear. In order to explore the browning mechanisms, the changes of composition and color parameters of KGM were investigated during deacetylation in this research. The L*, h*, total phenols, total flavonoids, reducing sugars, and amino acids decreased along with the increase of deacetylation degree of KGM while a*, ΔЕ, and browning index increased. The results indicated that the oxidation or polymerization of polyphenols and flavones in alkaline circumstances, and the carbonyl ammonia reaction between reducing sugars and amino acids may be the main reasons for color changes of KGM flour during deacetylation. Hence, this study was expected to provide the theoretical basis for the inhibition of KGM gel browning and further broaden the application range of KGM in food and other industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mianzhang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Luping Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Cuihua Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Junhua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yuanyuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yundan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Wen Xiong
- Hunan Engineering & Technology Research Center for Food Flavors and Flavorings, Jinshi, Hunan 415400, China
| | - Yanjun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yujie Su
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
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Krishnamurthy N, Ananda A, Nagendra Prasad H, Prabhuprasad P, Manju N, Karthik C, Jayanth H, Logaraj T, Savitha K. HR-LCMS assisted phytochemical screening of antioxidant, antibacterial activity of Priva cordifolia (L.f) Druce plant and molecular docking approach. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2023.100794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
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Valorization of Citrus Reticulata Peels for Flavonoids and Antioxidant Enhancement by Solid-State Fermentation Using Aspergillus niger CGMCC 3.6189. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27248949. [PMID: 36558081 PMCID: PMC9785689 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The bioactive components and bioactivities of citrus peel can be enhanced with microbial fermentation. Accordingly, this study investigated the ability of Aspergillus niger CGMCC3.6189 to accumulate flavonoids in Citrus reticulata peel powder (CRPP) by solid-state fermentation (SSF). Under the optimal SSF conditions including 80% moisture, 30 °C, pH 4.0, 4 × 107 spores/g d.w. CRPP, and 192 h, the total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) scavenging activities of fermented CRPP significantly increased by 70.0, 26.8, 64.9, and 71.6%, respectively. HPLC analysis showed that after fermentation, the contents of hesperidin, nobiletin, and tangeretin were significantly increased from 19.36, 6.31, and 2.91 mg/g to 28.23, 7.78, and 3.49 mg/g, respectively, while the contents of ferulic acid and narirutin were decreased under the optimal fermentation conditions. Fermentation time is one of the most important factors that affect the accumulation of flavonoids and antioxidant activity; however, extended fermentation time increased the darkness of CRPP color. Therefore, our study provides a feasible and effective SSF method to increase the bioactive components and the antioxidant activity of CRPP that may be used in food, nutraceutical, and medicinal industries.
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Ng SY, Eh Suk VR, Gew LT. Plant polyphenols as green sunscreen ingredients: A systematic review. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:5409-5444. [PMID: 35723888 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive exposure to ultraviolet radiation has harmful effects on human skin. At present, synthetic and mineral types of sunscreens used to protect against these harmful damages have been reported to cause negative health and environmental effects. The studies involving characterization and isolation of phytoconstituents from natural botanical sources are important to discover their potential beneficial effects on sunscreen development AIM: This systematic review provides specific and compiled information on the photoprotective properties of natural botanical sources for sunscreen development. The efforts in research and innovation are essential to ensure the safety and sustainability of plant-based sunscreen products. METHODS In this review, a total of 35 articles were selected using the Scopus database based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria RESULT: The significant correlation between total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, antioxidant activities, and sun protection factor were shown in these studies which confirmed the potential benefits of natural plants in sunscreen development. CONCLUSIONS In addition, natural botanical sources also exhibit excellent anti-tyrosinase, anti-aging, and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the biological activities of plants were dependent on the solvents used for extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Yi Ng
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Vicit Rizal Eh Suk
- Home and Persona Care Section, Research & Development Centre, Klang, Malaysia
| | - Lai Ti Gew
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia.,Sunway Materials Smart Science & Engineering (SMS2E) Cluster, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia
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73
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Shi L, Zhao W, Yang Z, Subbiah V, Suleria HAR. Extraction and characterization of phenolic compounds and their potential antioxidant activities. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:81112-81129. [PMID: 36201076 PMCID: PMC9606084 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23337-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
For thousands of years, plant has been widely applied in the medical area and is an important part of human diet. A high content of nutrients could be found in all kinds of plants, and the most outstanding group of nutrients that attracts scientists' attention is the high level of phenolic compounds. Due to the relationship between high phenolic compound content and high antioxidant capacity, plant extracts are expected to become a potential treatment for oxidation stress diseases including diabetes and cancer. However, according to the instability of phenolic compounds to light and oxygen, there are certain difficulties in the extraction of such compounds. But after many years of development, the extraction technology of phenolic compounds has been quite stable, and the only problem is how to obtain high-quality extracts with high efficiency. To further enhance the value of plant extracts, concentration and separation methods are often applied, and when detailed analysis is required, characterization methods including HPLC and LC/GC-MS will be applied to evaluate the number and type of phenolic compounds. A series of antioxidant assays are widely performed in numerous studies to test the antioxidant capacity of the plant extracts, which is also an important basis for evaluating value of extracts. This paper intends to provide a view of a variety of methods used in plants' phenolic compound extraction, separation, and characterization. Furthermore, this review presents the advantages and disadvantages of techniques involved in phenolic compound research and provides selected representative bibliographic examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linghong Shi
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Wanrong Zhao
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Zihong Yang
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Vigasini Subbiah
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
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74
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Arnold AM, Kennedy ZC, Hutchison JR. A simple, cost-effective colorimetric assay for aluminum ions via complexation with the flavonoid rutin. PEERJ ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.7717/peerj-achem.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Aluminum has been linked to deleterious health effects with high concentration, chronic exposure, creating a need for innovative detection techniques. Colorimetric assays are an ideal approach since they are simple, cost-effective, and field adaptable. Yet, commercially available colorimetric assays for aluminum are limited since it forms few colored chelation complexes. Flavonoids, a class of polyphenolic compounds, are one of the few examples that create colored aluminum complexes. Aluminum ions (Al3+) are the main constituent in colorimetric assays for flavonoid detection in food or plant samples. Our assay design was based on colorimetric flavonoid assays, where the assay reported herein was optimized. Specifically, the flavonoid rutin concentration and sample-to-rutin volume ratio (295:5 µL) were optimized to detect Al3+ at low µM concentrations in samples. The assay performed comparably, and in some instances better, than those requiring advanced instrumentation and previously reported colorimetric assays, with a linear range (1–8 µM), sensitivity (7.6 nM), limit of detection (79.8 nM), and limit of quantification (266 nM) for Al3+. The colorimetric assay was accurate (99 ≤ 108 ± 4 ≤ 6% Al3+ recovery), precise (low intra- and inter-assay coefficient of variation (CV) of 3.1 ≤ 5.9% and 4.4%, respectively), and selective for Al3+ ions compared to solutions containing a variety of other mono-, di-, and tri-cations at much higher concentrations (10- to 100-fold higher). Lastly, the colorimetric assay was applicable to complex analysis. It was used to generate a chelation curve depicting the Al3+ chelation capacity of sodium alginate, a biologically derived polymer used as a bioink for 3D bioprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne M. Arnold
- National Security Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States of America
| | - Zachary C. Kennedy
- National Security Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States of America
| | - Janine R. Hutchison
- National Security Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States of America
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75
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Yuan H, Xu L, Chang M, Meng J, Feng C, Geng X, Cheng Y, Liu Z. Effects of different cooking methods on volatile flavor compounds, nutritional constituents, and antioxidant activities of Clitocybe squamulosa. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1017014. [PMID: 36337648 PMCID: PMC9635447 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1017014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
To explore a scientific and reasonable cooking method for Clitocybe squamulosa, four cooking methods (boiling, steaming, microwaving, and frying) were applied to C. squamulosa, and the effects of different cooking methods on volatile flavor compounds, nutritional constituents, and antioxidant activities in C. squamulosa were systematically investigated. The results showed that 54, 53, 61, 63, and 49 volatile flavor compounds were detected in raw, boiled, steamed, microwaved, and fried samples, respectively. Large differences in volatile flavor compounds between the four cooking and raw samples were determined by using relative odor activity values (ROAV) and principal component analysis (PCA). In addition, steaming and microwaving could protect the nutrients of C. squamulosa, reduce losses during the cooking process and improve the color of cooked products compared to boiling and frying cooking methods. Meanwhile, cooking treatment exerted different effects on the antioxidant activity of C. squamulosa, and the antioxidant activity of C. squamulosa was the highest after microwave cooking treatment. This research can provide a theoretical basis for the cooking, processing and utilization of C. squamulosa and other wild edible fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Lijing Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi for Loess Plateau, Taigu, China
- Lijing Xu,
| | - Mingchang Chang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
- Shanxi Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Taigu, China
- *Correspondence: Mingchang Chang,
| | - Junlong Meng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
- Shanxi Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Taigu, China
| | - Cuiping Feng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi for Loess Plateau, Taigu, China
| | - Xueran Geng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi for Loess Plateau, Taigu, China
| | - Yanfen Cheng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi for Loess Plateau, Taigu, China
| | - Zongqi Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
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76
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Physicochemical Analysis of Cold Brew and Hot Brew Peaberry Coffee. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10101989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Peaberry coffee is the result of a natural mutation of coffee beans, and they make up only about 5–7% of coffee crops. A typical coffee cherry contains two seeds that are developed against each other, resulting in the distinctive half-rounded shape of coffee beans. However, failing to fertilize both ovules of one of the seeds or failure in endosperm development can cause only one of the seeds to develop, resulting in smaller, denser beans with a more domed shape. Peaberry coffees are said to be sweeter, lighter, and more flavorful since the peaberry beans receive all nutrients from the coffee cherry. Due to its exclusive nature, the chemical characteristic of peaberry coffee is not well understood. This study explores the acidities and antioxidant activity of peaberry coffee sourced from multiple regions. Total antioxidant capacity, total caffeoylquinic acid (CQA), total caffeine concentration, and pH levels were evaluated for peaberry coffee extracts prepared by cold and hot brewing methods. Little correlation between antioxidant activity and the concentrations of caffeine and CQA in peaberry beans was shown. Six methods were performed for the characterization of total antioxidant capacity including cyclic voltammetry, ABTS assay, and FRAP assay. Peaberry bean extract demonstrated higher average total caffeine concentrations compared to traditional coffee bean extracts.
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77
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Limcharoen T, Pouyfung P, Ngamdokmai N, Prasopthum A, Ahmad AR, Wisdawati W, Prugsakij W, Warinhomhoun S. Inhibition of α-Glucosidase and Pancreatic Lipase Properties of Mitragyna speciosa (Korth.) Havil. (Kratom) Leaves. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14193909. [PMID: 36235558 PMCID: PMC9572452 DOI: 10.3390/nu14193909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa (Korth.) Havil.) has been used to reduce blood sugar and lipid profiles in traditional medicine, and mitragynine is a major constituent in kratom leaves. Previous data on the blood sugar and lipid-altering effects of kratom are limited. In this study, phytochemical analyses of mitragynine, 7-hydroxymitragynine, quercetin, and rutin were performed in kratom extracts. The effects on α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase activities were investigated in kratom extracts and mitragynine. The LC-MS/MS analysis showed that the mitragynine, quercetin, and rutin contents from kratom extracts were different. The ethanol extract exhibited the highest total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and total alkaloid content (TAC). Additionally, compared to methanol and aqueous extracts, the ethanol extract showed the strongest inhibition activity against α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase. Compared with the anti-diabetic agent acarbose, mitragynine showed the most potent α-glucosidase inhibition, with less potent activity of pancreatic lipase inhibition. Analysis of α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase kinetics revealed that mitragynine inhibited noncompetitive and competitive effects, respectively. Combining mitragynine with acarbose resulted in a synergistic interaction with α-glucosidase inhibition. These results have established the potential of mitragynine from kratom as a herbal supplement for the treatment and prevention of diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanchanok Limcharoen
- School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
- Center of Excellent in Marijuana, Hemp and Kratom, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Phisit Pouyfung
- Center of Excellent in Marijuana, Hemp and Kratom, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
- School of Public Health, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Ngamrayu Ngamdokmai
- School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
- Center of Excellent in Marijuana, Hemp and Kratom, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Aruna Prasopthum
- School of Pharmacy, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
- Biomass and Oil Palm Center of Excellent, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Aktsar Roskiana Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas of Muslim Indonesia, Makassar 90241, Indonesia
| | - Wisdawati Wisdawati
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas of Muslim Indonesia, Makassar 90241, Indonesia
| | - Woraanong Prugsakij
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Sakan Warinhomhoun
- School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
- Center of Excellent in Marijuana, Hemp and Kratom, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
- Correspondence:
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78
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Melini F, Melini V. Phenolic compounds in novel foods: insights into white and pigmented quinoa. Eur Food Res Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-022-04103-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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79
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Su Y, Zhang M, Chang C, Li J, Sun Y, Cai Y, Xiong W, Gu L, Yang Y. The effect of citric-acid treatment on the physicochemical and gel properties of konjac glucomannan from Amorphophallus bulbifer. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 216:95-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.06.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Sadraei H, Rasouli-Amirabadi AH, Yekdaneh A, Tavakoli N. Bioassay standardization of drug dosage form prepared from hydroalcoholic extract of Dracocephalum kotschyi . JOURNAL OF HERBMED PHARMACOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.34172/jhp.2022.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Zaringiah (Dracocephalum kotschyi) is a famous Iranian herbal plant with anti-inflammatory and spasmolytic activities. There is no standard drug dosage form for the D. kotschyi extract on the market. The objective of this project was to design a suitable oral dosage form for the hydroalcoholic extract of D. kotschyi. Methods: Standard granules were prepared using the moist granulation technique. Physical properties of the granules were determined before filling the capsule with fixed doses of the drug (25 mg and 50 mg). Syrup was prepared in sucrose solution at 5 mg/mL concentration. Bioactivity and phytochemical assays were used for dosage form stability and uniformity evaluations before and after 3- and 6- months incubation. Pharmacological bioassay method was designed to determine the bioactivity of the products before and after incubation. Pharmacological effects of the prepared capsule and syrup were determined on rat isolated ileum and intestinal meal transit, respectively. Results: In this study, D. kotschyi extract was effectively formulated as capsule and syrup for oral consumption. Environmental and aging factors had no significant effect on the total flavonoid or phenolic contents or bioactivity of the manufactured products. Furthermore, the ingredients used in the formulation had no effect on the bioactivity of the active substances in the extract. Conclusion: The standard oral dosage forms prepared from D. kotschyi extract can be used for clinical trials. In addition, we introduced a reliable bioassay technique, which might be applied for the evaluation of herbal medicines with antispasmodic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Sadraei
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Rasouli-Amirabadi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Yekdaneh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Naser Tavakoli
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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81
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Metabolomics-Based Profiling, Antioxidant Power, and Uropathogenic Bacterial Anti-Adhesion Activity of SP4TM, a Formulation with a High Content of Type-A Proanthocyanidins. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071234. [PMID: 35883725 PMCID: PMC9312030 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids and proanthocyanidins (PACs) have been the subject of intense scientific investigations, both for their antioxidant properties and anti-adhesion activity against uropathogenic bacteria. We investigated the metabolomics and antioxidant capacity of SP4TM, a patent-pending formulation based on a mixture of plant extracts with a high content of bioactive PACs and other polyphenols. The total content of polyphenols (885.51 ± 14.19 mg/g), flavonoids (135.52 ± 8.98 mg/g), anthocyanins (54.84 ± 2.97 mg/g), and PACs (379.43 ± 12.44 mg/g) was quantified using UV-Vis assays. Use of HPLC-ESI-MS/MS revealed the presence of 5 flavanols (100.77 ± 3.90 mg g−1 d.wt), 11 flavonols (59.96 ± 1.83 mg g−1 d.wt), and 8 anthocyanins (46.96 ± 1.59 mg g−1 d.wt), whereas MALDI-TOF MS showed that SP4TM contains PACs with one or more type-A interflavan bonds at each degree of polymerization. Regarding antioxidant properties, LUCS technology on HepG2 cells evidenced the ability of SP4TM to neutralize intracellular free radicals, inhibit membrane lipid peroxidation, quench H2O2, and reduce free radicals mainly through chelating mechanism, as demonstrated by a higher FRAP value (2643.28 ± 39.86 mmol/g) compared with ABTS (139.92 ± 6.16 mmol/g) and DPPH (89.51 ± 3.91 mmol/g). Finally, the SP4TM type-A PAC content strongly prevented bacterial adhesion of P-fimbriated uropathogenic Escherichia coli (0.23 mg/mL). In conclusion, SP4TM has a strong antioxidant capacity involving multitarget mechanisms and is a potential supplement to fight urinary tract infections due to its ability to inhibit uropathogenic E. coli adhesion.
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Duan B, Mei Y, Chen G, Su-Zhou C, Li Y, Merkeryan H, Cui P, Liu W, Liu X. Deficit irrigation and leaf removal modulate anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin repartitioning of Cabernet Sauvignon (Vitis vinifera L.) grape and resulting wine profile. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:2937-2949. [PMID: 34766349 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In monsoonal climates, grape anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin (PA) accumulations are unsatisfactory for producing optimal wine. Agronomical practices are often considered to be effective means for regulating fruit components. However, there is a lack of quantitative information on the effects of deficit irrigation (DI), basal leaf removal (LR) or their combination of deficit irrigation and leaf removal (DILR) on the characteristics of anthocyanin and PA compositions and their implications on the resulting wine quality. In this study, the dynamics of grape anthocyanin and PA accumulation were investigated in DI, LR and DILR during grape ripening, and the resulting wine profile was assessed. RESULTS The contents of reducing sugar and total anthocyanins in Cabernet Sauvignon berries were significantly increased by DI, LR and DILR, while titratable acidity, total flavan-3-ols and tannins levels were generally decreased. Notably, the levels of 3'5'-substituted anthocyanins, such as malvidin and its derivatives significantly increased, and 3'-substituted anthocyanins decreased in both grape and wine under DI and DILR strategies. Skin PAs were sensitive to water deficits, whereas they were insensitive to LR. In resulting wine, PAs content and the proportion of 3'-hydroxylated PAs, such as (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin and (-)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate units were significantly decreased under DI and DILR, while molecular mass and the proportion of 3'5'-hydroxylated units of PAs were increased in response to DILR. CONCLUSION The DILR was the most favorable for the repartitioning of anthocyanin and PA metabolites, and promoted the accumulation of tri-substituted forms contributing a higher color intensity, mouthfeel persistence, structure, and astringency of wine. This information provides an important strategy for modulating the anthocyanin and PA compositions by agricultural practices and achieving the desired quality of grapes and wines in monsoonal climates. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Duan
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yuan Mei
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Guoqiao Chen
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | | | - Yashan Li
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Chuxiong Normal University, Chuxiong, China
| | | | - Ping Cui
- Grape Industrial Park Management Committee of the Eastern Foot of Helan Mountain in Ningxia, Yinchuan, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Horticulture Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Xu Liu
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Ningxia Eastern Foot of Helan Mountain Wine Station, Northwest A&F University, Yinchuan, China
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83
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Photonics of Viburnum opulus L. Extracts in Microemulsions with Oxygen and Gold Nanoparticles. CHEMOSENSORS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors10040130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, the optical properties of viburnum extract flavonoids in the visible region of the spectrum were investigated and their use as a potential photosensitizer of singlet oxygen for photodynamic therapy was evaluated. The presence of long-lived excited states in the extract molecules was established by spectral methods and time-resolved spectroscopy methods and the dependences of the absorption capacity and luminescence intensity of the extract molecules on the concentrations of oxygen and ablative nanoparticles of the gold in the reverse micelles of AOT (sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate) were established. The plasmonic enhancement of the luminescence of the extract molecules and the processes of their complexation with oxygen were also established. Furthermore, the rate constants of the processes of conversion of exciting energy in complexes were determined.
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84
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Tsypurskaya EV, Nikolaeva TN, Lapshin PV, Nechaeva TL, Yuorieva NO, Baranova EN, Derevyagina MK, Nazarenko LV, Goldenkova-Pavlova IV, Zagoskina NV. Response of Transgenic Potato Plants Expressing Heterologous Genes of ∆9- or ∆12-Acyl-lipid Desaturases to Phytophthora infestans Infection. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11030288. [PMID: 35161270 PMCID: PMC8840463 DOI: 10.3390/plants11030288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Late blight is one of the most economically important diseases affecting potato and causing a significant loss in yield. The development of transgenic potato plants with enhanced resistance to infection by Phytophthora infestans may represent a possible approach to solving this issue. A comparative study of the leaf response in control potato plants (S.tuberosum L. cultivar Skoroplodnyi), control transgenic plants expressing the reporter gene of thermostable lichenase (transgenic licBM3 line) and transgenic plants expressing cyanobacterial hybrid genes ∆9-acyl-lipid desaturase (transgenic desC lines) and ∆12-acyl-lipid desaturase (transgenic desA lines) to infection with P. infestans has been performed. The expression of desaturase genes in potato plants enhanced their tolerance to potato late blight agents as compared with the control. The lipid peroxidation level raised in the leaves of the control and transgenic desA plants on third day after inoculation with P. infestans zoospores and remained the same in the transgenic desC plants. The number of total phenolic compounds was increased as early as on the second day after infection in all studied variants and continued to remain the same, except for transgenic desC plants. Accumulation of flavonoids, the main components of the potato leaf phenolic complex, raised on the second day in all studied variants, remained unchanged on the third day in the control plants and decreased in most transgenic plants expressing desaturase genes. The results obtained in our study demonstrate that the expression of genes of Δ9- and Δ12-acyl-lipid desaturases in potato plants enhanced their resistance to P. infestans as compared with the control non-transgenic plants due to concomitant accumulation of phenolic compounds, including flavonoids, in the leaves. All these changes were more pronounced in transgenic desC plants, which indicates that the Δ9-acyllipid desaturase gene appears to be a potential inducer of the production of biological antioxidants in plant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena V. Tsypurskaya
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (T.N.N.); (P.V.L.); (T.L.N.); (N.O.Y.); (I.V.G.-P.)
| | - Tatiana N. Nikolaeva
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (T.N.N.); (P.V.L.); (T.L.N.); (N.O.Y.); (I.V.G.-P.)
| | - Petr V. Lapshin
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (T.N.N.); (P.V.L.); (T.L.N.); (N.O.Y.); (I.V.G.-P.)
| | - Tatiana L. Nechaeva
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (T.N.N.); (P.V.L.); (T.L.N.); (N.O.Y.); (I.V.G.-P.)
| | - Natalya O. Yuorieva
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (T.N.N.); (P.V.L.); (T.L.N.); (N.O.Y.); (I.V.G.-P.)
| | - Ekaterina N. Baranova
- N.V. Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden of Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya 4, 127276 Moscow, Russia
- All Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 127550 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Lyudmila V. Nazarenko
- Department of Biology and Human Physiology, Institute of Natural Sciences and Sports Technologies, Moscow City Teachers’ Training University, 129226 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Irina V. Goldenkova-Pavlova
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (T.N.N.); (P.V.L.); (T.L.N.); (N.O.Y.); (I.V.G.-P.)
| | - Natalia V. Zagoskina
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (T.N.N.); (P.V.L.); (T.L.N.); (N.O.Y.); (I.V.G.-P.)
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Yao L, Zhang Y, Qiao Y, Wang C, Wang X, Chen B, Kang J, Cheng Z, Jiang Y. A comparative evaluation of nutritional characteristics, physical properties, and volatile profiles of sweet corn subjected to different drying methods. Cereal Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cche.10507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lianmou Yao
- Research Center for Agricultural Products Preservation and Processing Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shanghai PR China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Research Center for Agricultural Products Preservation and Processing Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shanghai PR China
| | - Yongjin Qiao
- Research Center for Agricultural Products Preservation and Processing Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shanghai PR China
| | - Chunfang Wang
- Research Center for Agricultural Products Preservation and Processing Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shanghai PR China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Research Center for Agricultural Products Preservation and Processing Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shanghai PR China
| | - Bingjie Chen
- Research Center for Agricultural Products Preservation and Processing Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shanghai PR China
| | - Ji Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety College of Food Science and Technology Tianjin University of Science and Technology Tianjin PR China
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