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Rizzo G, Milardi D, Bertino S, Basile GA, Di Mauro D, Calamuneri A, Chillemi G, Silvestri G, Anastasi G, Bramanti A, Cacciola A. The Limbic and Sensorimotor Pathways of the Human Amygdala: A Structural Connectivity Study. Neuroscience 2018; 385:166-180. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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52
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Aydogan DB, Jacobs R, Dulawa S, Thompson SL, Francois MC, Toga AW, Dong H, Knowles JA, Shi Y. When tractography meets tracer injections: a systematic study of trends and variation sources of diffusion-based connectivity. Brain Struct Funct 2018; 223:2841-2858. [PMID: 29663135 PMCID: PMC5997540 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-018-1663-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Tractography is a powerful technique capable of non-invasively reconstructing the structural connections in the brain using diffusion MRI images, but the validation of tractograms is challenging due to lack of ground truth. Owing to recent developments in mapping the mouse brain connectome, high-resolution tracer injection-based axonal projection maps have been created and quickly adopted for the validation of tractography. Previous studies using tracer injections mainly focused on investigating the match in projections and optimal tractography protocols. Being a complicated technique, however, tractography relies on multiple stages of operations and parameters. These factors introduce large variabilities in tractograms, hindering the optimization of protocols and making the interpretation of results difficult. Based on this observation, in contrast to previous studies, in this work we focused on quantifying and ranking the amount of performance variation introduced by these factors. For this purpose, we performed over a million tractography experiments and studied the variability across different subjects, injections, anatomical constraints and tractography parameters. By using N-way ANOVA analysis, we show that all tractography parameters are significant and importantly performance variations with respect to the differences in subjects are comparable to the variations due to tractography parameters, which strongly underlines the importance of fully documenting the tractography protocols in scientific experiments. We also quantitatively show that inclusion of anatomical constraints is the most significant factor for improving tractography performance. Although this critical factor helps reduce false positives, our analysis indicates that anatomy-informed tractography still fails to capture a large portion of axonal projections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dogu Baran Aydogan
- Laboratory of Neuro Imaging (LONI), USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA.
| | - Russell Jacobs
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA
| | - Stephanie Dulawa
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Summer L Thompson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, CA, 90089, USA
- Committee on Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Maite Christi Francois
- Department of Psychiatry, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Arthur W Toga
- Laboratory of Neuro Imaging (LONI), USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA
| | - Hongwei Dong
- Laboratory of Neuro Imaging (LONI), USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA
| | - James A Knowles
- Department of Psychiatry, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Yonggang Shi
- Laboratory of Neuro Imaging (LONI), USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA
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Dyrby TB, Innocenti GM, Bech M, Lundell H. Validation strategies for the interpretation of microstructure imaging using diffusion MRI. Neuroimage 2018; 182:62-79. [PMID: 29920374 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracting microanatomical information beyond the image resolution of MRI would provide valuable tools for diagnostics and neuroscientific research. A number of mathematical models already suggest microstructural interpretations of diffusion MRI (dMRI) data. Examples of such microstructural features could be cell bodies and neurites, e.g. the axon's diameter or their orientational distribution for global connectivity analysis using tractography, and have previously only been possible to access through conventional histology of post mortem tissue or invasive biopsies. The prospect of gaining the same knowledge non-invasively from the whole living human brain could push the frontiers for the diagnosis of neurological and psychiatric diseases. It could also provide a general understanding of the development and natural variability in the healthy brain across a population. However, due to a limited image resolution, most of the dMRI measures are indirect estimations and may depend on the whole chain from experimental parameter settings to model assumptions and implementation. Here, we review current literature in this field and highlight the integrative work across anatomical length scales that is needed to validate and trust a new dMRI method. We encourage interdisciplinary collaborations and data sharing in regards to applying and developing new validation techniques to improve the specificity of future dMRI methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim B Dyrby
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Center for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark; Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Giorgio M Innocenti
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neuroscience, Stockholm, Sweden; Brain and Mind Institute, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Martin Bech
- Medical Radiation Physics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Henrik Lundell
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Center for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
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Schilling KG, Gao Y, Stepniewska I, Wu TL, Wang F, Landman BA, Gore JC, Chen LM, Anderson AW. The VALiDATe29 MRI Based Multi-Channel Atlas of the Squirrel Monkey Brain. Neuroinformatics 2018; 15:321-331. [PMID: 28748393 DOI: 10.1007/s12021-017-9334-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
We describe the development of the first digital atlas of the normal squirrel monkey brain and present the resulting product, VALiDATe29. The VALiDATe29 atlas is based on multiple types of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast acquired on 29 squirrel monkeys, and is created using unbiased, nonlinear registration techniques, resulting in a population-averaged stereotaxic coordinate system. The atlas consists of multiple anatomical templates (proton density, T1, and T2* weighted), diffusion MRI templates (fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity), and ex vivo templates (fractional anisotropy and a structural MRI). In addition, the templates are combined with histologically defined cortical labels, and diffusion tractography defined white matter labels. The combination of intensity templates and image segmentations make this atlas suitable for the fundamental atlas applications of spatial normalization and label propagation. Together, this atlas facilitates 3D anatomical localization and region of interest delineation, and enables comparisons of experimental data across different subjects or across different experimental conditions. This article describes the atlas creation and its contents, and demonstrates the use of the VALiDATe29 atlas in typical applications. The atlas is freely available to the scientific community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt G Schilling
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Yurui Gao
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Tung-Lin Wu
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Feng Wang
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.,Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Bennett A Landman
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.,Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Electrical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - John C Gore
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.,Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Li Min Chen
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.,Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Adam W Anderson
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.,Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
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55
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Rafique SA, Richards JR, Steeves JKE. Altered white matter connectivity associated with visual hallucinations following occipital stroke. Brain Behav 2018; 8:e01010. [PMID: 29781583 PMCID: PMC5991596 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Visual hallucinations that arise following vision loss stem from aberrant functional activity in visual cortices and an imbalance of activity across associated cortical and subcortical networks subsequent to visual pathway damage. We sought to determine if structural changes in white matter connectivity play a role in cases of chronic visual hallucinations associated with visual cortical damage. METHODS We performed diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and probabilistic fiber tractography to assess white matter connectivity in a patient suffering from continuous and disruptive phosphene (simple) visual hallucinations for more than 2 years following right occipital stroke. We compared these data to that of healthy age-matched controls. RESULTS Probabilistic tractography to reconstruct white matter tracts suggests regeneration of terminal fibers of the ipsilesional optic radiations in the patient. However, arrangement of the converse reconstruction of these tracts, which were seeded from the ipsilesional visual cortex to the intrahemispheric lateral geniculate body, remained disrupted. We further observed compromised structural characteristics, and changes in diffusion (measured using diffusion tensor indices) of white matter tracts in the patient connecting the visual cortex with frontal and temporal regions, and also in interhemispheric connectivity between visual cortices. CONCLUSIONS Cortical remapping and the disruption of communication between visual cortices and remote regions are consistent with our previous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data showing imbalanced functional activity of the same regions in this patient (Rafique et al, 2016, Neurology, 87, 1493-1500). Long-term adaptive and disruptive changes in white matter connectivity may account for the rare nature of cases presenting with chronic and continuous visual hallucinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara A Rafique
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Vision Research, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - John R Richards
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, Davis, Medical Center, Sacramento, California
| | - Jennifer K E Steeves
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Vision Research, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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56
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Chen Y, Ge S, Li Y, Li N, Wang J, Wang X, Li J, Jing J, Su M, Zheng Z, Luo T, Qiu C, Wang X. Role of the Cortico-Subthalamic Hyperdirect Pathway in Deep Brain Stimulation for the Treatment of Parkinson Disease: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study. World Neurosurg 2018; 114:e1079-e1085. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2018.03.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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57
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Sinke MRT, Otte WM, Christiaens D, Schmitt O, Leemans A, van der Toorn A, Sarabdjitsingh RA, Joëls M, Dijkhuizen RM. Diffusion MRI-based cortical connectome reconstruction: dependency on tractography procedures and neuroanatomical characteristics. Brain Struct Funct 2018; 223:2269-2285. [PMID: 29464318 PMCID: PMC5968063 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-018-1628-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Diffusion MRI (dMRI)-based tractography offers unique abilities to map whole-brain structural connections in human and animal brains. However, dMRI-based tractography indirectly measures white matter tracts, with suboptimal accuracy and reliability. Recently, sophisticated methods including constrained spherical deconvolution (CSD) and global tractography have been developed to improve tract reconstructions through modeling of more complex fiber orientations. Our study aimed to determine the accuracy of connectome reconstruction for three dMRI-based tractography approaches: diffusion tensor (DT)-based, CSD-based and global tractography. Therefore, we validated whole brain structural connectome reconstructions based on ten ultrahigh-resolution dMRI rat brain scans and 106 cortical regions, from which varying tractography parameters were compared against standardized neuronal tracer data. All tested tractography methods generated considerable numbers of false positive and false negative connections. There was a parameter range trade-off between sensitivity: 0.06-0.63 interhemispherically and 0.22-0.86 intrahemispherically; and specificity: 0.99-0.60 interhemispherically and 0.99-0.23 intrahemispherically. Furthermore, performance of all tractography methods decreased with increasing spatial distance between connected regions. Similar patterns and trade-offs were found, when we applied spherical deconvolution informed filtering of tractograms, streamline thresholding and group-based average network thresholding. Despite the potential of CSD-based and global tractography to handle complex fiber orientations at voxel level, reconstruction accuracy, especially for long-distance connections, remains a challenge. Hence, connectome reconstruction benefits from varying parameter settings and combination of tractography methods to account for anatomical variation of neuronal pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel R T Sinke
- Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht/Utrecht University, Yalelaan 2, 3584 CM, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Willem M Otte
- Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht/Utrecht University, Yalelaan 2, 3584 CM, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht/Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Daan Christiaens
- Department of Electrical Engineering, KU Leuven, ESAT/PSI, Leuven, Belgium
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Oliver Schmitt
- Department of Anatomy, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Alexander Leemans
- Image Sciences Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht/Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Annette van der Toorn
- Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht/Utrecht University, Yalelaan 2, 3584 CM, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - R Angela Sarabdjitsingh
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht/Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marian Joëls
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht/Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rick M Dijkhuizen
- Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht/Utrecht University, Yalelaan 2, 3584 CM, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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58
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Sydnor VJ, Rivas-Grajales AM, Lyall AE, Zhang F, Bouix S, Karmacharya S, Shenton ME, Westin CF, Makris N, Wassermann D, O'Donnell LJ, Kubicki M. A comparison of three fiber tract delineation methods and their impact on white matter analysis. Neuroimage 2018; 178:318-331. [PMID: 29787865 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) is an important method for studying white matter connectivity in the brain in vivo in both healthy and clinical populations. Improvements in dMRI tractography algorithms, which reconstruct macroscopic three-dimensional white matter fiber pathways, have allowed for methodological advances in the study of white matter; however, insufficient attention has been paid to comparing post-tractography methods that extract white matter fiber tracts of interest from whole-brain tractography. Here we conduct a comparison of three representative and conceptually distinct approaches to fiber tract delineation: 1) a manual multiple region of interest-based approach, 2) an atlas-based approach, and 3) a groupwise fiber clustering approach, by employing methods that exemplify these approaches to delineate the arcuate fasciculus, the middle longitudinal fasciculus, and the uncinate fasciculus in 10 healthy male subjects. We enable qualitative comparisons across methods, conduct quantitative evaluations of tract volume, tract length, mean fractional anisotropy, and true positive and true negative rates, and report measures of intra-method and inter-method agreement. We discuss methodological similarities and differences between the three approaches and the major advantages and drawbacks of each, and review research and clinical contexts for which each method may be most apposite. Emphasis is given to the means by which different white matter fiber tract delineation approaches may systematically produce variable results, despite utilizing the same input tractography and reliance on similar anatomical knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie J Sydnor
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ana María Rivas-Grajales
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA; Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Amanda E Lyall
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Fan Zhang
- Laboratory for Mathematics in Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sylvain Bouix
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sarina Karmacharya
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martha E Shenton
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA; Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; VA Boston Healthcare System, Brockton Division, Brockton, MA, USA
| | - Carl-Fredrik Westin
- Laboratory for Mathematics in Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nikos Makris
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Demian Wassermann
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Athena, Université Cote d'Azur, Inria, France; Parietal, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, INRIA Saclay Île-de-France, France
| | - Lauren J O'Donnell
- Laboratory for Mathematics in Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marek Kubicki
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA; Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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59
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Gao Y, Schilling KG, Stepniewska I, Plassard AJ, Choe AS, Li X, Landman BA, Anderson AW. Tests of cortical parcellation based on white matter connectivity using diffusion tensor imaging. Neuroimage 2018; 170:321-331. [PMID: 28235566 PMCID: PMC5568504 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The cerebral cortex is conventionally divided into a number of domains based on cytoarchitectural features. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) enables noninvasive parcellation of the cortex based on white matter connectivity patterns. However, the correspondence between DTI-connectivity-based and cytoarchitectural parcellation has not been systematically established. In this study, we compared histological parcellation of New World monkey neocortex to DTI- connectivity-based classification and clustering in the same brains. First, we used supervised classification to parcellate parieto-frontal cortex based on DTI tractograms and the cytoarchitectural prior (obtained using Nissl staining). We performed both within and across sample classification, showing reasonable classification performance in both conditions. Second, we used unsupervised clustering to parcellate the cortex and compared the clusters to the cytoarchitectonic standard. We then explored the similarities and differences with several post-hoc analyses, highlighting underlying principles that drive the DTI-connectivity-based parcellation. The differences in parcellation between DTI-connectivity and Nissl histology probably represent both DTI's bias toward easily-tracked bundles and true differences between cytoarchitectural and connectivity defined domains. DTI tractograms appear to cluster more according to functional networks, rather than mapping directly onto cytoarchitectonic domains. Our results show that caution should be used when DTI-tractography classification, based on data from another brain, is used as a surrogate for cytoarchitectural parcellation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurui Gao
- Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, United States
| | - Kurt G Schilling
- Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, United States
| | | | - Andrew J Plassard
- Department of Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, United States
| | - Ann S Choe
- Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, United States
| | - Xia Li
- Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, United States; Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Vanderbilt University, United States
| | - Bennett A Landman
- Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, United States; Department of Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, United States; Department of Electrical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, United States
| | - Adam W Anderson
- Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, United States; Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Vanderbilt University, United States
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60
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Innocenti GM, Dyrby TB, Andersen KW, Rouiller EM, Caminiti R. The Crossed Projection to the Striatum in Two Species of Monkey and in Humans: Behavioral and Evolutionary Significance. Cereb Cortex 2018; 27:3217-3230. [PMID: 27282154 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhw161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The corpus callosum establishes the anatomical continuity between the 2 hemispheres and coordinates their activity. Using histological tracing, single axon reconstructions, and diffusion tractography, we describe a callosal projection to n caudatus and putamen in monkeys and humans. In both species, the origin of this projection is more restricted than that of the ipsilateral projection. In monkeys, it consists of thin axons (0.4-0.6 µm), appropriate for spatial and temporal dispersion of subliminal inputs. For prefrontal cortex, contralateral minus ipsilateral delays to striatum calculated from axon diameters and conduction distance are <2 ms in the monkey and, by extrapolation, <4 ms in humans. This delay corresponds to the performance in Poffenberger's paradigm, a classical attempt to estimate central conduction delays, with a neuropsychological task. In both species, callosal cortico-striatal projections originate from prefrontal, premotor, and motor areas. In humans, we discovered a new projection originating from superior parietal lobule, supramarginal, and superior temporal gyrus, regions engaged in language processing. This projection crosses in the isthmus the lesion of which was reported to dissociate syntax and prosody. The projection might originate from an overproduction of callosal projections in development, differentially pruned depending on species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio M Innocenti
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Brain and Mind Institute, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tim B Dyrby
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Kasper Winther Andersen
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eric M Rouiller
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Sciences, Fribourg Cognition Center, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Roberto Caminiti
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome SAPIENZA, Rome, Italy.,Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, University of Rome SAPIENZA, Rome, Italy
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61
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Altered anatomical connections of associative and limbic cortico-basal-ganglia circuits in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Eur Psychiatry 2018. [PMID: 29514116 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current neurocognitive models suppose dysfunctions of associative and limbic cortico-basal ganglia circuits to be at the core of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). As little is known about the state of underlying anatomical connections, we investigated whether these connections were reduced and/or not properly organised in OCD patients compared to control. METHODS Diffusion magnetic resonance images were obtained in 37 OCD patients with predominant checking symptoms and 37 matched healthy controls. We developed indices to characterise the quantity (spatial extent and density) and the organisation (topography and segregation) of 24 anatomical connections between associative and limbic cortical (anterior cingulate, dorsolateral prefrontal, orbitofrontal cortices and the frontal pole), and subcortical (caudate nucleus, putamen and thalamus) areas in each hemisphere. RESULTS Associative and limbic cortico-basal-ganglia connections were reduced in OCD patients compared to controls: 19/24 connections had a reduced subcortical spatial extent, 9/24 had a reduced density. Moreover, while the general topography was conserved, the different cortical projection fields in the striatum and thalamus were hyper-segregated in OCD patients compared to controls. CONCLUSION These quantitative and qualitative differences of anatomical connections go beyond the current model of a reduced cortical control of automatic behaviour stored in the basal ganglia. The hyper-segregation in OCD could also impair the integration of cortical information in the thalamus and striatum and distort the subsequent behavioural selection process. This provides new working hypotheses for functional and behavioural studies on OCD.
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62
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Taghdiri F, Chung J, Irwin S, Multani N, Tarazi A, Ebraheem A, Khodadadi M, Goswami R, Wennberg R, Mikulis D, Green R, Davis K, Tator C, Eizenman M, Tartaglia MC. Decreased Number of Self-Paced Saccades in Post-Concussion Syndrome Associated with Higher Symptom Burden and Reduced White Matter Integrity. J Neurotrauma 2018; 35:719-729. [DOI: 10.1089/neu.2017.5274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Foad Taghdiri
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jonathan Chung
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Samantha Irwin
- Department of Neurology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Namita Multani
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Apameh Tarazi
- Division of Neurology, Toronto Western Hospital, Krembil Neuroscience Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Canadian Concussion Centre, Toronto Western Hospital, Krembil Neuroscience Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ahmed Ebraheem
- Canadian Concussion Centre, Toronto Western Hospital, Krembil Neuroscience Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mozghan Khodadadi
- Canadian Concussion Centre, Toronto Western Hospital, Krembil Neuroscience Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ruma Goswami
- Canadian Concussion Centre, Toronto Western Hospital, Krembil Neuroscience Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard Wennberg
- Division of Neurology, Toronto Western Hospital, Krembil Neuroscience Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Canadian Concussion Centre, Toronto Western Hospital, Krembil Neuroscience Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Mikulis
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Canadian Concussion Centre, Toronto Western Hospital, Krembil Neuroscience Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Neuroradiology, Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robin Green
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Canadian Concussion Centre, Toronto Western Hospital, Krembil Neuroscience Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karen Davis
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Canadian Concussion Centre, Toronto Western Hospital, Krembil Neuroscience Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Charles Tator
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Canadian Concussion Centre, Toronto Western Hospital, Krembil Neuroscience Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Toronto Western Hospital, Krembil Neuroscience Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Moshe Eizenman
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maria Carmela Tartaglia
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Toronto Western Hospital, Krembil Neuroscience Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Canadian Concussion Centre, Toronto Western Hospital, Krembil Neuroscience Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Akram H, Dayal V, Mahlknecht P, Georgiev D, Hyam J, Foltynie T, Limousin P, De Vita E, Jahanshahi M, Ashburner J, Behrens T, Hariz M, Zrinzo L. Connectivity derived thalamic segmentation in deep brain stimulation for tremor. Neuroimage Clin 2018; 18:130-142. [PMID: 29387530 PMCID: PMC5790021 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Revised: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The ventral intermediate nucleus (VIM) of the thalamus is an established surgical target for stereotactic ablation and deep brain stimulation (DBS) in the treatment of tremor in Parkinson's disease (PD) and essential tremor (ET). It is centrally placed on a cerebello-thalamo-cortical network connecting the primary motor cortex, to the dentate nucleus of the contralateral cerebellum through the dentato-rubro-thalamic tract (DRT). The VIM is not readily visible on conventional MR imaging, so identifying the surgical target traditionally involved indirect targeting that relies on atlas-defined coordinates. Unfortunately, this approach does not fully account for individual variability and requires surgery to be performed with the patient awake to allow for intraoperative targeting confirmation. The aim of this study is to identify the VIM and the DRT using probabilistic tractography in patients that will undergo thalamic DBS for tremor. Four male patients with tremor dominant PD and five patients (three female) with ET underwent high angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI) (128 diffusion directions, 1.5 mm isotropic voxels and b value = 1500) preoperatively. Patients received VIM-DBS using an MR image guided and MR image verified approach with indirect targeting. Postoperatively, using parallel Graphical Processing Unit (GPU) processing, thalamic areas with the highest diffusion connectivity to the primary motor area (M1), supplementary motor area (SMA), primary sensory area (S1) and contralateral dentate nucleus were identified. Additionally, volume of tissue activation (VTA) corresponding to active DBS contacts were modelled. Response to treatment was defined as 40% reduction in the total Fahn-Tolosa-Martin Tremor Rating Score (FTMTRS) with DBS-ON, one year from surgery. Three out of nine patients had a suboptimal, long-term response to treatment. The segmented thalamic areas corresponded well to anatomically known counterparts in the ventrolateral (VL) and ventroposterior (VP) thalamus. The dentate-thalamic area, lay within the M1-thalamic area in a ventral and lateral location. Streamlines corresponding to the DRT connected M1 to the contralateral dentate nucleus via the dentate-thalamic area, clearly crossing the midline in the mesencephalon. Good response was seen when the active contact VTA was in the thalamic area with highest connectivity to the contralateral dentate nucleus. Non-responders had active contact VTAs outside the dentate-thalamic area. We conclude that probabilistic tractography techniques can be used to segment the VL and VP thalamus based on cortical and cerebellar connectivity. The thalamic area, best representing the VIM, is connected to the contralateral dentate cerebellar nucleus. Connectivity based segmentation of the VIM can be achieved in individual patients in a clinically feasible timescale, using HARDI and high performance computing with parallel GPU processing. This same technique can map out the DRT tract with clear mesencephalic crossing.
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Key Words
- AC, anterior commissure
- BEDPOSTX, Bayesian estimation of diffusion parameters obtained using sampling techniques X
- BET, brain extraction tool
- CI, confidence interval
- CON, connectivity
- Connectivity
- DBS
- DBS, deep brain stimulation
- DF, degrees of freedom
- DICOM, digital imaging and communications in medicine
- DRT
- DWI
- DWI, diffusion weighted imaging
- Deep brain stimulation
- Dentate nucleus
- Dentato-rubro-thalamic tract
- Diffusion weighted imaging
- EV, explanatory variable
- FLIRT, FMRIB's linear image registration tool
- FMRIB, Oxford centre for functional MRI of the brain
- FNIRT, FMRIB's non-linear image registration tool
- FSL, FMRIB's software library
- FoV, field of view
- GLM, general linear model
- HARDI, high angular resolution diffusion imaging
- HFS, high frequency stimulation
- IPG, implantable pulse generator
- LC, Levodopa challenge
- LEDD, l-DOPA equivalent daily dose
- M1, primary motor cortex
- MMS, mini-mental score
- MNI, Montreal neurological institute
- MPRAGE, magnetization-prepared rapid gradient-echo
- MPTP, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
- NHNN, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery
- NIfTI, neuroimaging informatics technology initiative
- PC, posterior commissure
- PD
- PFC, prefrontal cortex
- PMC, premotor cortex
- Parkinson's disease
- S1, primary sensory cortex
- SAR, specific absorption rate
- SD, standard deviation
- SE, standard error
- SMA, supplementary motor area
- SNR, signal-to-noise ratio
- SSEPI, single-shot echo planar imaging
- STN, subthalamic nucleus
- TFCE, threshold-free cluster enhancement
- TMS, transcranial magnetic stimulation
- Tremor
- UPDRS, unified Parkinson's disease rating scale
- VBM, voxel based morphometry
- VIM
- VL
- VL, ventral lateral
- VP, ventral posterior
- VTA, volume of tissue activated
- Ventrointermedialis
- Ventrolateral nucleus
- cZI, caudal zona incerta
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Affiliation(s)
- Harith Akram
- Unit of Functional Neurosurgery, Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK; Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK.
| | - Viswas Dayal
- Unit of Functional Neurosurgery, Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Philipp Mahlknecht
- Unit of Functional Neurosurgery, Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK; Department of Neurology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Dejan Georgiev
- Unit of Functional Neurosurgery, Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Jonathan Hyam
- Unit of Functional Neurosurgery, Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK; Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Thomas Foltynie
- Unit of Functional Neurosurgery, Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Patricia Limousin
- Unit of Functional Neurosurgery, Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Enrico De Vita
- Neuroradiological Academic Unit, Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK; Lysholm Department of Neuroradiology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Marjan Jahanshahi
- Unit of Functional Neurosurgery, Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - John Ashburner
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Tim Behrens
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK; Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain (FMRIB), John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Marwan Hariz
- Unit of Functional Neurosurgery, Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ludvic Zrinzo
- Unit of Functional Neurosurgery, Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK; Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
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64
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Maier-Hein KH, Neher PF, Houde JC, Côté MA, Garyfallidis E, Zhong J, Chamberland M, Yeh FC, Lin YC, Ji Q, Reddick WE, Glass JO, Chen DQ, Feng Y, Gao C, Wu Y, Ma J, He R, Li Q, Westin CF, Deslauriers-Gauthier S, González JOO, Paquette M, St-Jean S, Girard G, Rheault F, Sidhu J, Tax CMW, Guo F, Mesri HY, Dávid S, Froeling M, Heemskerk AM, Leemans A, Boré A, Pinsard B, Bedetti C, Desrosiers M, Brambati S, Doyon J, Sarica A, Vasta R, Cerasa A, Quattrone A, Yeatman J, Khan AR, Hodges W, Alexander S, Romascano D, Barakovic M, Auría A, Esteban O, Lemkaddem A, Thiran JP, Cetingul HE, Odry BL, Mailhe B, Nadar MS, Pizzagalli F, Prasad G, Villalon-Reina JE, Galvis J, Thompson PM, Requejo FDS, Laguna PL, Lacerda LM, Barrett R, Dell'Acqua F, Catani M, Petit L, Caruyer E, Daducci A, Dyrby TB, Holland-Letz T, Hilgetag CC, Stieltjes B, Descoteaux M. The challenge of mapping the human connectome based on diffusion tractography. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1349. [PMID: 29116093 PMCID: PMC5677006 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01285-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 718] [Impact Index Per Article: 102.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Tractography based on non-invasive diffusion imaging is central to the study of human brain connectivity. To date, the approach has not been systematically validated in ground truth studies. Based on a simulated human brain data set with ground truth tracts, we organized an open international tractography challenge, which resulted in 96 distinct submissions from 20 research groups. Here, we report the encouraging finding that most state-of-the-art algorithms produce tractograms containing 90% of the ground truth bundles (to at least some extent). However, the same tractograms contain many more invalid than valid bundles, and half of these invalid bundles occur systematically across research groups. Taken together, our results demonstrate and confirm fundamental ambiguities inherent in tract reconstruction based on orientation information alone, which need to be considered when interpreting tractography and connectivity results. Our approach provides a novel framework for estimating reliability of tractography and encourages innovation to address its current limitations. Though tractography is widely used, it has not been systematically validated. Here, authors report results from 20 groups showing that many tractography algorithms produce both valid and invalid bundles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus H Maier-Hein
- Division of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, 69120, Germany.
| | - Peter F Neher
- Division of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Jean-Christophe Houde
- Sherbrooke Connectivity Imaging Lab (SCIL), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 0A5, QC, Canada
| | - Marc-Alexandre Côté
- Sherbrooke Connectivity Imaging Lab (SCIL), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 0A5, QC, Canada
| | - Eleftherios Garyfallidis
- Sherbrooke Connectivity Imaging Lab (SCIL), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 0A5, QC, Canada.,Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering, School of Informatics and Computing, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47408, USA
| | - Jidan Zhong
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada, M5G 2C4
| | - Maxime Chamberland
- Sherbrooke Connectivity Imaging Lab (SCIL), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 0A5, QC, Canada
| | - Fang-Cheng Yeh
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Ying-Chia Lin
- IMT-Institute for Advanced Studies, Lucca, 55100, Italy
| | - Qing Ji
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Wilburn E Reddick
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - John O Glass
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - David Qixiang Chen
- University of Toronto Institute of Medical Science, Toronto, Canada, M5S 1A8
| | - Yuanjing Feng
- Institute of Information Processing and Automation, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chengfeng Gao
- Institute of Information Processing and Automation, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ye Wu
- Institute of Information Processing and Automation, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jieyan Ma
- United Imaging Healthcare Co., Shanghai, 201807, China
| | - Renjie He
- United Imaging Healthcare Co., Shanghai, 201807, China
| | - Qiang Li
- United Imaging Healthcare Co., Shanghai, 201807, China.,Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Carl-Fredrik Westin
- Laboratory of Mathematics in Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | | | | | - Michael Paquette
- Sherbrooke Connectivity Imaging Lab (SCIL), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 0A5, QC, Canada
| | - Samuel St-Jean
- Sherbrooke Connectivity Imaging Lab (SCIL), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 0A5, QC, Canada
| | - Gabriel Girard
- Sherbrooke Connectivity Imaging Lab (SCIL), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 0A5, QC, Canada
| | - François Rheault
- Sherbrooke Connectivity Imaging Lab (SCIL), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 0A5, QC, Canada
| | - Jasmeen Sidhu
- Sherbrooke Connectivity Imaging Lab (SCIL), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 0A5, QC, Canada
| | - Chantal M W Tax
- PROVIDI Lab, Image Sciences Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3508, The Netherlands.,Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Maindy Road, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Fenghua Guo
- PROVIDI Lab, Image Sciences Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3508, The Netherlands
| | - Hamed Y Mesri
- PROVIDI Lab, Image Sciences Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3508, The Netherlands
| | - Szabolcs Dávid
- PROVIDI Lab, Image Sciences Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3508, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn Froeling
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3508, The Netherlands
| | - Anneriet M Heemskerk
- PROVIDI Lab, Image Sciences Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3508, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Leemans
- PROVIDI Lab, Image Sciences Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3508, The Netherlands
| | - Arnaud Boré
- Centre de recherche institut universitaire de geriatrie de Montreal (CRIUGM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada, H3W 1W5
| | - Basile Pinsard
- Centre de recherche institut universitaire de geriatrie de Montreal (CRIUGM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada, H3W 1W5.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, INSERM, Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale (LIB), 75013, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Bedetti
- Centre de recherche institut universitaire de geriatrie de Montreal (CRIUGM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada, H3W 1W5.,Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Canada, H4J 1C5
| | - Matthieu Desrosiers
- Centre de recherche institut universitaire de geriatrie de Montreal (CRIUGM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada, H3W 1W5
| | - Simona Brambati
- Centre de recherche institut universitaire de geriatrie de Montreal (CRIUGM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada, H3W 1W5
| | - Julien Doyon
- Centre de recherche institut universitaire de geriatrie de Montreal (CRIUGM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada, H3W 1W5
| | - Alessia Sarica
- Neuroimaging Unit, Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology (IBFM), National Research Council (CNR), Policlinico Magna Graecia, Germaneto, 88100, CZ, Italy
| | - Roberta Vasta
- Neuroimaging Unit, Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology (IBFM), National Research Council (CNR), Policlinico Magna Graecia, Germaneto, 88100, CZ, Italy
| | - Antonio Cerasa
- Neuroimaging Unit, Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology (IBFM), National Research Council (CNR), Policlinico Magna Graecia, Germaneto, 88100, CZ, Italy
| | - Aldo Quattrone
- Neuroimaging Unit, Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology (IBFM), National Research Council (CNR), Policlinico Magna Graecia, Germaneto, 88100, CZ, Italy.,Institute of Neurology, University Magna Graecia, Germaneto, 88100, CZ, Italy
| | - Jason Yeatman
- Institute for Learning & Brain Sciences and Department of Speech & Hearing Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Ali R Khan
- Departments of Medical Biophysics & Medical Imaging, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, 1151 Richmond St N, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5C1
| | - Wes Hodges
- Synaptive Medical Inc., MaRS Discovery District, 101 College Street, Suite 200, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5V 3B1
| | - Simon Alexander
- Synaptive Medical Inc., MaRS Discovery District, 101 College Street, Suite 200, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5V 3B1
| | - David Romascano
- Signal Processing Lab (LTS5), Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Muhamed Barakovic
- Signal Processing Lab (LTS5), Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Anna Auría
- Signal Processing Lab (LTS5), Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Oscar Esteban
- Biomedical Image Technologies (BIT), ETSI Telecom., U. Politécnica de Madrid and CIBER-BBN, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Alia Lemkaddem
- Signal Processing Lab (LTS5), Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Philippe Thiran
- Signal Processing Lab (LTS5), Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland.,Department of Radiology, University Hospital Center (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
| | - H Ertan Cetingul
- Medical Imaging Technologies, Siemens Healthcare, Princeton, NJ, 08540, USA
| | - Benjamin L Odry
- Medical Imaging Technologies, Siemens Healthcare, Princeton, NJ, 08540, USA
| | - Boris Mailhe
- Medical Imaging Technologies, Siemens Healthcare, Princeton, NJ, 08540, USA
| | - Mariappan S Nadar
- Medical Imaging Technologies, Siemens Healthcare, Princeton, NJ, 08540, USA
| | - Fabrizio Pizzagalli
- Imaging Genetics Center, Stevens Neuro Imaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Marina del Rey, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Gautam Prasad
- Imaging Genetics Center, Stevens Neuro Imaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Marina del Rey, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Julio E Villalon-Reina
- Imaging Genetics Center, Stevens Neuro Imaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Marina del Rey, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Justin Galvis
- Imaging Genetics Center, Stevens Neuro Imaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Marina del Rey, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Paul M Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Stevens Neuro Imaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Marina del Rey, CA, 90033, USA
| | | | - Pedro Luque Laguna
- NatBrainLab, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Luis Miguel Lacerda
- NatBrainLab, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Rachel Barrett
- NatBrainLab, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Flavio Dell'Acqua
- NatBrainLab, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Marco Catani
- NatBrainLab, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Laurent Petit
- Groupe d'imagerie Neurofonctionnelle-Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives (GIN-IMN), UMR5293 CNRS, CEA, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, 33000, France
| | - Emmanuel Caruyer
- Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS), Institute for Research in IT and Random Systems (IRISA), UMR 6074 VISAGES Project-Team, Rennes, 35042, France
| | - Alessandro Daducci
- Signal Processing Lab (LTS5), Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland.,Department of Radiology, University Hospital Center (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
| | - Tim B Dyrby
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Center for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, 2650, Denmark.,Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | - Tim Holland-Letz
- Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Claus C Hilgetag
- Department of Computational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Eppendorf, Hamburg, 20246, Germany
| | - Bram Stieltjes
- University Hospital Basel, Radiology & Nuclear Medicine Clinic, Basel, 4031, Switzerland
| | - Maxime Descoteaux
- Sherbrooke Connectivity Imaging Lab (SCIL), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 0A5, QC, Canada.
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de Haan B, Karnath HO. 'Whose atlas I use, his song I sing?' - The impact of anatomical atlases on fiber tract contributions to cognitive deficits after stroke. Neuroimage 2017; 163:301-309. [PMID: 28958880 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.09.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, different anatomical atlases exist for the anatomical interpretation of the results from neuroimaging and lesion analysis studies that investigate the contribution of white matter fiber tract integrity to cognitive (dys)function. A major problem with the use of different atlases in different studies, however, is that the anatomical interpretation of neuroimaging and lesion analysis results might vary as a function of the atlas used. This issue might be particularly prominent in studies that investigate the contribution of white matter fiber tract integrity to cognitive (dys)function. We used a single large-sample dataset of right brain damaged stroke patients with and without cognitive deficit (here: spatial neglect) to systematically compare the influence of three different, widely-used white matter fiber tract atlases (1 histology-based atlas and 2 DTI tractography-based atlases) on conclusions concerning the involvement of white matter fiber tracts in the pathogenesis of cognitive dysfunction. We both calculated the overlap between the statistical lesion analysis results and each long association fiber tract (topological analyses) and performed logistic regressions on the extent of fiber tract damage in each individual for each long association white matter fiber tract (hodological analyses). For the topological analyses, our results suggest that studies that use tractography-based atlases are more likely to conclude that white matter integrity is critical for a cognitive (dys)function than studies that use a histology-based atlas. The DTI tractography-based atlases classified approximately 10 times as many voxels of the statistical map as being located in a long association white matter fiber tract than the histology-based atlas. For hodological analyses on the other hand, we observed that the conclusions concerning the overall importance of long association fiber tract integrity to cognitive function do not necessarily depend on the white matter atlas used, but conclusions may vary as a function of atlas used at the level of individual fiber tracts. Moreover, these analyses revealed that hodological studies that express the individual extent of injury to each fiber tract as a binomial variable are more likely to conclude that white matter integrity is critical for a cognitive function than studies that express the individual extent of injury to each fiber tract as a continuous variable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca de Haan
- Division of Neuropsychology, Center of Neurology, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Hans-Otto Karnath
- Division of Neuropsychology, Center of Neurology, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA
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Akram H, Sotiropoulos SN, Jbabdi S, Georgiev D, Mahlknecht P, Hyam J, Foltynie T, Limousin P, De Vita E, Jahanshahi M, Hariz M, Ashburner J, Behrens T, Zrinzo L. Subthalamic deep brain stimulation sweet spots and hyperdirect cortical connectivity in Parkinson's disease. Neuroimage 2017; 158:332-345. [PMID: 28711737 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Firstly, to identify subthalamic region stimulation clusters that predict maximum improvement in rigidity, bradykinesia and tremor, or emergence of side-effects; and secondly, to map-out the cortical fingerprint, mediated by the hyperdirect pathways which predict maximum efficacy. METHODS High angular resolution diffusion imaging in twenty patients with advanced Parkinson's disease was acquired prior to bilateral subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation. All contacts were screened one-year from surgery for efficacy and side-effects at different amplitudes. Voxel-based statistical analysis of volumes of tissue activated models was used to identify significant treatment clusters. Probabilistic tractography was employed to identify cortical connectivity patterns associated with treatment efficacy. RESULTS All patients responded well to treatment (46% mean improvement off medication UPDRS-III [p < 0.0001]) without significant adverse events. Cluster corresponding to maximum improvement in tremor was in the posterior, superior and lateral portion of the nucleus. Clusters corresponding to improvement in bradykinesia and rigidity were nearer the superior border in a further medial and posterior location. The rigidity cluster extended beyond the superior border to the area of the zona incerta and Forel-H2 field. When the clusters where averaged, the coordinates of the area with maximum overall efficacy was X = -10(-9.5), Y = -13(-1) and Z = -7(-3) in MNI(AC-PC) space. Cortical connectivity to primary motor area was predictive of higher improvement in tremor; whilst that to supplementary motor area was predictive of improvement in bradykinesia and rigidity; and connectivity to prefrontal cortex was predictive of improvement in rigidity. INTERPRETATION These findings support the presence of overlapping stimulation sites within the subthalamic nucleus and its superior border, with different cortical connectivity patterns, associated with maximum improvement in tremor, rigidity and bradykinesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harith Akram
- Unit of Functional Neurosurgery, Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK; Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.
| | - Stamatios N Sotiropoulos
- Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain (FMRIB), John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK; Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, UK
| | - Saad Jbabdi
- Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain (FMRIB), John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Dejan Georgiev
- Unit of Functional Neurosurgery, Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Philipp Mahlknecht
- Unit of Functional Neurosurgery, Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Jonathan Hyam
- Unit of Functional Neurosurgery, Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK; Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Thomas Foltynie
- Unit of Functional Neurosurgery, Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Patricia Limousin
- Unit of Functional Neurosurgery, Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Enrico De Vita
- Neuroradiological Academic Unit, Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK; Lysholm Department of Neuroradiology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Marjan Jahanshahi
- Unit of Functional Neurosurgery, Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Marwan Hariz
- Unit of Functional Neurosurgery, Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - John Ashburner
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Tim Behrens
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK; Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain (FMRIB), John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Ludvic Zrinzo
- Unit of Functional Neurosurgery, Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK; Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
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67
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Pascalau R, Szabo B. Fibre Dissection and Sectional Study of the Major Porcine Cerebral White Matter Tracts. Anat Histol Embryol 2017; 46:378-390. [PMID: 28677169 DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
White matter anatomy is the basis for numerous applications in neurology, neurosurgery and fundamental neuroscience. Although the porcine brain is frequently used as experimental model in these fields of research, the description of its white matter is not as thorough as in the human brain or other species. Thus, the aim of this study is to describe the porcine white matter tracts in a complex manner. Two stepwise dissection protocols adapted from human anatomy were performed on six adult pig brain hemispheres prepared according to the Klingler method. Other four hemispheres were sectioned along section planes that were chosen similar to the Talairach coordinate system. As a result, three commissural tracts, seven association tracts and one projection tract were identified: corpus callosum, fornix, commissura rostralis, the short-association tracts, fasciculus longitudinalis superior, fasciculus uncinatus, fasciculus longitudinalis inferior, fasciculus occipitofrontalis inferior, cingulum, tractus mamillothalamicus and capsula interna. They were described and illustrated from multiple points of view, focusing on their trajectory, position, dimensions and anatomical relations. All in all, we achieved a three-dimensional understanding of the major tracts. The results are ready to be applied in future imagistic or experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Pascalau
- Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Babes Street, 400012, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - B Szabo
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Babes Street, 400012, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Ophthalmology, Emergency County Hospital, 3-5 Clinicilor Street, 400006, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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68
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Thalamocortical Connectivity and Microstructural Changes in Congenital and Late Blindness. Neural Plast 2017; 2017:9807512. [PMID: 28386486 PMCID: PMC5366815 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9807512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
There is ample evidence that the occipital cortex of congenitally blind individuals processes nonvisual information. It remains a debate whether the cross-modal activation of the occipital cortex is mediated through the modulation of preexisting corticocortical projections or the reorganisation of thalamocortical connectivity. Current knowledge on this topic largely stems from anatomical studies in animal models. The aim of this study was to test whether purported changes in thalamocortical connectivity in blindness can be revealed by tractography based on diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. To assess the thalamocortical network, we used a clustering method based on the thalamic white matter projections towards predefined cortical regions. Five thalamic clusters were obtained in each group representing their cortical projections. Although we did not find differences in the thalamocortical network between congenitally blind individuals, late blind individuals, and normal sighted controls, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) indices revealed significant microstructural changes within thalamic clusters of both blind groups. Furthermore, we find a significant decrease in fractional anisotropy (FA) in occipital and temporal thalamocortical projections in both blind groups that were not captured at the network level. This suggests that plastic microstructural changes have taken place, but not in a degree to be reflected in the tractography-based thalamocortical network.
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69
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Amygdalar and hippocampal connections with brainstem and spinal cord: A diffusion MRI study in human brain. Neuroscience 2017; 343:346-354. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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70
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Kanno S, Saito M, Kashinoura T, Nishio Y, Iizuka O, Kikuchi H, Takagi M, Iwasaki M, Takahashi S, Mori E. A change in brain white matter after shunt surgery in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: a tract-based spatial statistics study. Fluids Barriers CNS 2017; 14:1. [PMID: 28132644 PMCID: PMC5278569 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-016-0048-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to elucidate changes in cerebral white matter after shunt surgery in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (INPH) using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Methods Twenty-eight consecutive INPH patients whose symptoms were followed for 1 year after shunt placement and 10 healthy control (HC) subjects were enrolled. Twenty of the initial 28 INPH patients were shunt-responsive (SR) and the other 8 patients were non-responsive (SNR). The cerebral white matter integrity was detected by assessing fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD). The mean hemispheric DTI indices and the ventricular sizes were calculated, and a map of these DTI indices was created for each subject. The DTI maps were analysed to compare preshunt INPH with HC and preshunt INPH with 1 year after shunt placement in each INPH group, using tract-based spatial statistics. We restricted analyses to the left hemisphere because of shunt valve artefacts. Results The ventricles became significantly smaller after shunt placement both in the SR and SNR groups. In addition, there was a significant interaction between clinical improvement after shunt and decrease in ventricular size. Although the hemispheric DTI indices were not significantly changed after shunt placement, there was a significant interaction between clinical improvement and increase in hemispheric MD. Compared with the HC group, FA in the corpus callosum and in the subcortical white matter of the convexity and the occipital cortex was significantly lower in SR at baseline, whereas MD in the periventricular and peri-Sylvian white matter was significantly higher in the SR group. Compared with the pre-operative images, the post-operative FA was only decreased in the corona radiata and only in the SR group. There were no significant regions in which DTI indices were altered after shunt placement in the SNR group. Conclusions Brain white matter regions in which FA was decreased after shunt placement were in the corona radiata between the lateral ventricles and the Sylvian fissures. This finding was observed only in shunt-responsive INPH patients and might reflect the plasticity of the brain for mechanical pressure changes from the cerebrospinal fluid system. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12987-016-0048-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigenori Kanno
- Department of Neurology, Southmiyagi Medical Center, 38-1, Aza-nishi, Shibata, Miyagi, 989-1253, Japan. .,Department of Behavioural Neurology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Makoto Saito
- Department of Behavioural Neurology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomohito Kashinoura
- Department of Behavioural Neurology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Nishio
- Department of Behavioural Neurology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Osamu Iizuka
- Department of Behavioural Neurology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Kikuchi
- Department of Behavioural Neurology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masahito Takagi
- Department of Behavioural Neurology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masaki Iwasaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shoki Takahashi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Etsuro Mori
- Department of Behavioural Neurology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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71
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Hinne M, Meijers A, Bakker R, Tiesinga PHE, Mørup M, van Gerven MAJ. The missing link: Predicting connectomes from noisy and partially observed tract tracing data. PLoS Comput Biol 2017; 13:e1005374. [PMID: 28141820 PMCID: PMC5308841 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of the wiring map of the brain, known as the connectome, has increased greatly in the last decade, mostly due to technological advancements in neuroimaging techniques and improvements in computational tools to interpret the vast amount of available data. Despite this, with the exception of the C. elegans roundworm, no definitive connectome has been established for any species. In order to obtain this, tracer studies are particularly appealing, as these have proven highly reliable. The downside of tract tracing is that it is costly to perform, and can only be applied ex vivo. In this paper, we suggest that instead of probing all possible connections, hitherto unknown connections may be predicted from the data that is already available. Our approach uses a 'latent space model' that embeds the connectivity in an abstract physical space. Regions that are close in the latent space have a high chance of being connected, while regions far apart are most likely disconnected in the connectome. After learning the latent embedding from the connections that we did observe, the latent space allows us to predict connections that have not been probed previously. We apply the methodology to two connectivity data sets of the macaque, where we demonstrate that the latent space model is successful in predicting unobserved connectivity, outperforming two baselines and an alternative model in nearly all cases. Furthermore, we show how the latent spatial embedding may be used to integrate multimodal observations (i.e. anterograde and retrograde tracers) for the mouse neocortex. Finally, our probabilistic approach enables us to make explicit which connections are easy to predict and which prove difficult, allowing for informed follow-up studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Hinne
- Radboud University, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Annet Meijers
- Radboud University, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Rembrandt Bakker
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Institute for Advanced Simulation and JARA BRAIN Institute I, Jülich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany
| | - Paul H. E. Tiesinga
- Radboud University, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Morten Mørup
- Technical University of Denmark, DTU Compute, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Marcel A. J. van Gerven
- Radboud University, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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72
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Benavides FD, Santamaria AJ, Bodoukhin N, Guada LG, Solano JP, Guest JD. Characterization of Motor and Somatosensory Evoked Potentials in the Yucatan Micropig Using Transcranial and Epidural Stimulation. J Neurotrauma 2016; 34:2595-2608. [PMID: 27251314 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2016.4511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Yucatan micropigs have brain and spinal cord dimensions similar to humans and are useful for certain spinal cord injury (SCI) translational studies. Micropigs are readily trained in behavioral tasks, allowing consistent testing of locomotor loss and recovery. However, there has been little description of their motor and sensory pathway neurophysiology. We established methods to assess motor and sensory cortical evoked potentials in the anesthetized, uninjured state. We also evaluated epidurally evoked motor and sensory stimuli from the T6 and T9 levels, spanning the intended contusion injury epicenter. Response detection frequency, mean latency and amplitude values, and variability of evoked potentials were determined. Somatosensory evoked potentials were reliable and best detected during stimulation of peripheral nerve and epidural stimulation by referencing the lateral cortex to midline Fz. The most reliable hindlimb motor evoked potential (MEP) occurred in tibialis anterior. We found MEPs in forelimb muscles in response to thoracic epidural stimulation likely generated from propriospinal pathways. Cranially stimulated MEPs were easier to evoke in the upper limbs than in the hindlimbs. Autopsy studies revealed substantial variations in cortical morphology between animals. This electrophysiological study establishes that neurophysiological measures can be reliably obtained in micropigs in a time frame compatible with other experimental procedures, such as SCI and transplantation. It underscores the need to better understand the motor control pathways, including the corticospinal tract, to determine which therapeutics are suitable for testing in the pig model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco D Benavides
- 1 The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami , Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Andrea J Santamaria
- 1 The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami , Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Nikita Bodoukhin
- 1 The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami , Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Luis G Guada
- 1 The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami , Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Juan P Solano
- 2 Department of Pediatrics Critical Care, University of Miami , Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - James D Guest
- 1 The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami , Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.,3 Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami , Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
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73
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Hamaide J, De Groof G, Van Steenkiste G, Jeurissen B, Van Audekerke J, Naeyaert M, Van Ruijssevelt L, Cornil C, Sijbers J, Verhoye M, Van der Linden A. Exploring sex differences in the adult zebra finch brain: In vivo diffusion tensor imaging and ex vivo super-resolution track density imaging. Neuroimage 2016; 146:789-803. [PMID: 27697612 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.09.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Zebra finches are an excellent model to study the process of vocal learning, a complex socially-learned tool of communication that forms the basis of spoken human language. So far, structural investigation of the zebra finch brain has been performed ex vivo using invasive methods such as histology. These methods are highly specific, however, they strongly interfere with performing whole-brain analyses and exclude longitudinal studies aimed at establishing causal correlations between neuroplastic events and specific behavioral performances. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to implement an in vivo Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) protocol sensitive enough to detect structural sex differences in the adult zebra finch brain. Voxel-wise comparison of male and female DTI parameter maps shows clear differences in several components of the song control system (i.e. Area X surroundings, the high vocal center (HVC) and the lateral magnocellular nucleus of the anterior nidopallium (LMAN)), which corroborate previous findings and are in line with the clear behavioral difference as only males sing. Furthermore, to obtain additional insights into the 3-dimensional organization of the zebra finch brain and clarify findings obtained by the in vivo study, ex vivo DTI data of the male and female brain were acquired as well, using a recently established super-resolution reconstruction (SRR) imaging strategy. Interestingly, the SRR-DTI approach led to a marked reduction in acquisition time without interfering with the (spatial and angular) resolution and SNR which enabled to acquire a data set characterized by a 78μm isotropic resolution including 90 diffusion gradient directions within 44h of scanning time. Based on the reconstructed SRR-DTI maps, whole brain probabilistic Track Density Imaging (TDI) was performed for the purpose of super resolved track density imaging, further pushing the resolution up to 40μm isotropic. The DTI and TDI maps realized atlas-quality anatomical maps that enable a clear delineation of most components of the song control and auditory systems. In conclusion, this study paves the way for longitudinal in vivo and high-resolution ex vivo experiments aimed at disentangling neuroplastic events that characterize the critical period for vocal learning in zebra finch ontogeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Hamaide
- Bio-Imaging Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Geert De Groof
- Bio-Imaging Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Ben Jeurissen
- iMinds-Vision Lab, Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Johan Van Audekerke
- Bio-Imaging Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Maarten Naeyaert
- Bio-Imaging Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Charlotte Cornil
- GIGA Neurosciences, Research Group in Behavioral Neuroendocrinology, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Jan Sijbers
- iMinds-Vision Lab, Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Marleen Verhoye
- Bio-Imaging Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Belgium
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Lambert C, Simon H, Colman J, Barrick TR. Defining thalamic nuclei and topographic connectivity gradients in vivo. Neuroimage 2016; 158:466-479. [PMID: 27639355 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2016] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The thalamus consists of multiple nuclei that have been previously defined by their chemoarchitectual and cytoarchitectual properties ex vivo. These form discrete, functionally specialized, territories with topographically arranged graduated patterns of connectivity. However, previous in vivo thalamic parcellation with MRI has been hindered by substantial inter-individual variability or discrepancies between MRI derived segmentations and histological sections. Here, we use the Euclidean distance to characterize probabilistic tractography distributions derived from diffusion MRI. We generate 12 feature maps by performing voxel-wise parameterization of the distance histograms (6 feature maps) and the distribution of three-dimensional distance transition gradients generated by applying a Sobel kernel to the distance metrics. We use these 12 feature maps to delineate individual thalamic nuclei, then extract the tractography profiles for each and calculate the voxel-wise tractography gradients. Within each thalamic nucleus, the tractography gradients were topographically arranged as distinct non-overlapping cortical networks with transitory overlapping mid-zones. This work significantly advances quantitative segmentation of the thalamus in vivo using 3T MRI. At an individual subject level, the thalamic segmentations consistently achieve a close relationship with a priori histological atlas information, and resolve in vivo topographic gradients within each thalamic nucleus for the first time. Additionally, these techniques allow individual thalamic nuclei to be closely aligned across large populations and generate measures of inter-individual variability that can be used to study both basic function and pathological processes in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Lambert
- Neurosciences Research Centre, Cardiac and Cell Sciences Research Institute, St George's University of London, United Kingdom.
| | - Henry Simon
- Neurosciences Research Centre, Cardiac and Cell Sciences Research Institute, St George's University of London, United Kingdom
| | - Jordan Colman
- Neurosciences Research Centre, Cardiac and Cell Sciences Research Institute, St George's University of London, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas R Barrick
- Neurosciences Research Centre, Cardiac and Cell Sciences Research Institute, St George's University of London, United Kingdom
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van de Vijver I, Ridderinkhof KR, Harsay H, Reneman L, Cavanagh JF, Buitenweg JIV, Cohen MX. Frontostriatal anatomical connections predict age- and difficulty-related differences in reinforcement learning. Neurobiol Aging 2016; 46:1-12. [PMID: 27460144 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Reinforcement learning (RL) is supported by a network of striatal and frontal cortical structures that are connected through white-matter fiber bundles. With age, the integrity of these white-matter connections declines. The role of structural frontostriatal connectivity in individual and age-related differences in RL is unclear, although local white-matter density and diffusivity have been linked to individual differences in RL. Here we show that frontostriatal tract counts in young human adults (aged 18-28), as assessed noninvasively with diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and probabilistic tractography, positively predicted individual differences in RL when learning was difficult (70% valid feedback). In older adults (aged 63-87), in contrast, learning under both easy (90% valid feedback) and difficult conditions was predicted by tract counts in the same frontostriatal network. Furthermore, network-level analyses showed a double dissociation between the task-relevant networks in young and older adults, suggesting that older adults relied on different frontostriatal networks than young adults to obtain the same task performance. These results highlight the importance of successful information integration across striatal and frontal regions during RL, especially with variable outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene van de Vijver
- Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | | | - Helga Harsay
- Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Nieuw Unicum, Zandvoort, The Netherlands
| | - Liesbeth Reneman
- Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - James F Cavanagh
- Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | | | - Michael X Cohen
- Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Zalesky A, Fornito A, Cocchi L, Gollo LL, van den Heuvel MP, Breakspear M. Connectome sensitivity or specificity: which is more important? Neuroimage 2016; 142:407-420. [PMID: 27364472 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Connectomes with high sensitivity and high specificity are unattainable with current axonal fiber reconstruction methods, particularly at the macro-scale afforded by magnetic resonance imaging. Tensor-guided deterministic tractography yields sparse connectomes that are incomplete and contain false negatives (FNs), whereas probabilistic methods steered by crossing-fiber models yield dense connectomes, often with low specificity due to false positives (FPs). Densely reconstructed probabilistic connectomes are typically thresholded to improve specificity at the cost of a reduction in sensitivity. What is the optimal tradeoff between connectome sensitivity and specificity? We show empirically and theoretically that specificity is paramount. Our evaluations of the impact of FPs and FNs on empirical connectomes indicate that specificity is at least twice as important as sensitivity when estimating key properties of brain networks, including topological measures of network clustering, network efficiency and network modularity. Our asymptotic analysis of small-world networks with idealized modular structure reveals that as the number of nodes grows, specificity becomes exactly twice as important as sensitivity to the estimation of the clustering coefficient. For the estimation of network efficiency, the relative importance of specificity grows linearly with the number of nodes. The greater importance of specificity is due to FPs occurring more prevalently between network modules rather than within them. These spurious inter-modular connections have a dramatic impact on network topology. We argue that efforts to maximize the sensitivity of connectome reconstruction should be realigned with the need to map brain networks with high specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Zalesky
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre and Melbourne School of Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Alex Fornito
- Brain and Mental Health Laboratory, Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, School of Psychological Sciences and Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Luca Cocchi
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Leonardo L Gollo
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Martijn P van den Heuvel
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Michael Breakspear
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia; Metro North Mental Health Service, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia
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Kuhn T, Gullett JM, Nguyen P, Boutzoukas AE, Ford A, Colon-Perez LM, Triplett W, Carney PR, Mareci TH, Price CC, Bauer RM. Test-retest reliability of high angular resolution diffusion imaging acquisition within medial temporal lobe connections assessed via tract based spatial statistics, probabilistic tractography and a novel graph theory metric. Brain Imaging Behav 2016; 10:533-47. [PMID: 26189060 PMCID: PMC4718901 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-015-9425-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the reliability of high angular resolution diffusion tensor imaging (HARDI) data collected on a single individual across several sessions using the same scanner. HARDI data was acquired for one healthy adult male at the same time of day on ten separate days across a one-month period. Environmental factors (e.g. temperature) were controlled across scanning sessions. Tract Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS) was used to assess session-to-session variability in measures of diffusion, fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD). To address reliability within specific structures of the medial temporal lobe (MTL; the focus of an ongoing investigation), probabilistic tractography segmented the Entorhinal cortex (ERc) based on connections with Hippocampus (HC), Perirhinal (PRc) and Parahippocampal (PHc) cortices. Streamline tractography generated edge weight (EW) metrics for the aforementioned ERc connections and, as comparison regions, connections between left and right rostral and caudal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Coefficients of variation (CoV) were derived for the surface area and volumes of these ERc connectivity-defined regions (CDR) and for EW across all ten scans, expecting that scan-to-scan reliability would yield low CoVs. TBSS revealed no significant variation in FA or MD across scanning sessions. Probabilistic tractography successfully reproduced histologically-verified adjacent medial temporal lobe circuits. Tractography-derived metrics displayed larger ranges of scanner-to-scanner variability. Connections involving HC displayed greater variability than metrics of connection between other investigated regions. By confirming the test retest reliability of HARDI data acquisition, support for the validity of significant results derived from diffusion data can be obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kuhn
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, PO Box 100165, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
| | - J M Gullett
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, PO Box 100165, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
- Department of VA Brain Rehabilitation Research Center, Malcolm Randall VA Center, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - P Nguyen
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, PO Box 100165, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - A E Boutzoukas
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, PO Box 100165, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - A Ford
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of VA Brain Rehabilitation Research Center, Malcolm Randall VA Center, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - L M Colon-Perez
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - W Triplett
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - P R Carney
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - T H Mareci
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - C C Price
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, PO Box 100165, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - R M Bauer
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, PO Box 100165, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
- Department of VA Brain Rehabilitation Research Center, Malcolm Randall VA Center, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Qi S, Meesters S, Nicolay K, Ter Haar Romeny BM, Ossenblok P. Structural Brain Network: What is the Effect of LiFE Optimization of Whole Brain Tractography? Front Comput Neurosci 2016; 10:12. [PMID: 26909034 PMCID: PMC4754446 DOI: 10.3389/fncom.2016.00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Structural brain networks constructed based on diffusion-weighted MRI (dMRI) have provided a systems perspective to explore the organization of the human brain. Some redundant and nonexistent fibers, however, are inevitably generated in whole brain tractography. We propose to add one critical step while constructing the networks to remove these fibers using the linear fascicle evaluation (LiFE) method, and study the differences between the networks with and without LiFE optimization. For a cohort of nine healthy adults and for 9 out of the 35 subjects from Human Connectome Project, the T 1-weighted images and dMRI data are analyzed. Each brain is parcellated into 90 regions-of-interest, whilst a probabilistic tractography algorithm is applied to generate the original connectome. The elimination of redundant and nonexistent fibers from the original connectome by LiFE creates the optimized connectome, and the random selection of the same number of fibers as the optimized connectome creates the non-optimized connectome. The combination of parcellations and these connectomes leads to the optimized and non-optimized networks, respectively. The optimized networks are constructed with six weighting schemes, and the correlations of different weighting methods are analyzed. The fiber length distributions of the non-optimized and optimized connectomes are compared. The optimized and non-optimized networks are compared with regard to edges, nodes and networks, within a sparsity range of 0.75-0.95. It has been found that relatively more short fibers exist in the optimized connectome. About 24.0% edges of the optimized network are significantly different from those in the non-optimized network at a sparsity of 0.75. About 13.2% of edges are classified as false positives or the possible missing edges. The strength and betweenness centrality of some nodes are significantly different for the non-optimized and optimized networks, but not the node efficiency. The normalized clustering coefficient, the normalized characteristic path length and the small-worldness are higher in the optimized network weighted by the fiber number than in the non-optimized network. These observed differences suggest that LiFE optimization can be a crucial step for the construction of more reasonable and more accurate structural brain networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouliang Qi
- Sino-Dutch Biomedical and Information Engineering School, Northeastern UniversityShenyang, China; Academic Center for Epileptology Kempenhaeghe and Maastricht UMC+Heeze, Netherlands; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Stephan Meesters
- Academic Center for Epileptology Kempenhaeghe and Maastricht UMC+Heeze, Netherlands; Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Klaas Nicolay
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Bart M Ter Haar Romeny
- Sino-Dutch Biomedical and Information Engineering School, Northeastern UniversityShenyang, China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Pauly Ossenblok
- Academic Center for Epileptology Kempenhaeghe and Maastricht UMC+Heeze, Netherlands; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven, Netherlands
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Takemura H, Caiafa CF, Wandell BA, Pestilli F. Ensemble Tractography. PLoS Comput Biol 2016; 12:e1004692. [PMID: 26845558 PMCID: PMC4742469 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Tractography uses diffusion MRI to estimate the trajectory and cortical projection zones of white matter fascicles in the living human brain. There are many different tractography algorithms and each requires the user to set several parameters, such as curvature threshold. Choosing a single algorithm with specific parameters poses two challenges. First, different algorithms and parameter values produce different results. Second, the optimal choice of algorithm and parameter value may differ between different white matter regions or different fascicles, subjects, and acquisition parameters. We propose using ensemble methods to reduce algorithm and parameter dependencies. To do so we separate the processes of fascicle generation and evaluation. Specifically, we analyze the value of creating optimized connectomes by systematically combining candidate streamlines from an ensemble of algorithms (deterministic and probabilistic) and systematically varying parameters (curvature and stopping criterion). The ensemble approach leads to optimized connectomes that provide better cross-validated prediction error of the diffusion MRI data than optimized connectomes generated using a single-algorithm or parameter set. Furthermore, the ensemble approach produces connectomes that contain both short- and long-range fascicles, whereas single-parameter connectomes are biased towards one or the other. In summary, a systematic ensemble tractography approach can produce connectomes that are superior to standard single parameter estimates both for predicting the diffusion measurements and estimating white matter fascicles. Diffusion MRI and tractography opened a new avenue for studying white matter fascicles and their tissue properties in the living human brain. There are many different tractography methods, and each requires the user to set several parameters. A limitation of tractography is that the results depend on the selection of algorithms and parameters. Here, we analyze an ensemble method, Ensemble Tractography (ET), that reduces the effect of algorithm and parameter selection. ET creates a large set of candidate streamlines using an ensemble of algorithms and parameter values and then selects the streamlines with strong support from the data using a global fascicle evaluation method. Compared to single parameter connectomes, ET connectomes predict diffusion MRI signals better and cover a wider range of white matter volume. Importantly, ET connectomes include both short- and long-association fascicles, which are not typically found together in single-parameter connectomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromasa Takemura
- Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet), National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, and Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- The Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (HT); (FP)
| | - Cesar F. Caiafa
- Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomía (IAR)—CCT La Plata—CONICET, Villa Elisa, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Brian A. Wandell
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Franco Pestilli
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
- Programs in Neuroscience and Cognitive Science, Indiana University Network Science Institute, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
- * E-mail: (HT); (FP)
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81
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Neher PF, Descoteaux M, Houde JC, Stieltjes B, Maier-Hein KH. Strengths and weaknesses of state of the art fiber tractography pipelines--A comprehensive in-vivo and phantom evaluation study using Tractometer. Med Image Anal 2015; 26:287-305. [PMID: 26599155 DOI: 10.1016/j.media.2015.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Many different tractography approaches and corresponding isolated evaluation attempts have been presented over the last years, but a comparative and quantitative evaluation of tractography algorithms still remains a challenge, particularly in-vivo. The recently presented evaluation framework Tractometer is the first attempt to approach this challenge in a quantitative, comparative, persistent and open-access way. Tractometer is currently based on the evaluation of several global connectivity and tract-overlap metrics on hardware phantom data. The work presented in this paper focuses on extending Tractometer with a metric that enables the assessment of the local consistency of tractograms with the underlying image data that is not only applicable to phantom dataset but allows the quantitative and purely data-driven evaluation of in-vivo tractography. We furthermore present an extensive reference-based evaluation study of 25,000 tractograms obtained on phantom and in-vivo datasets using the presented local metric as well as all the methods already established in Tractometer. The experiments showed that the presented local metric successfully reflects the behavior of in-vivo tractography under different conditions and that it is consistent with the results of previous studies. Additionally our experiments enabled a multitude of conclusions with implications for fiber tractography in general, including recommendations regarding optimal choice of a local modeling technique, tractography algorithm, and parameterization, confirming and complementing the results of earlier studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter F Neher
- Junior Group Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Maxime Descoteaux
- Sherbrooke Connectivity Imaging Laboratory (SCIL), Computer Science Department, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.
| | - Jean-Christophe Houde
- Sherbrooke Connectivity Imaging Laboratory (SCIL), Computer Science Department, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.
| | - Bram Stieltjes
- Quantitative Image-based Disease Characterization, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Klaus H Maier-Hein
- Junior Group Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Quantitative Image-based Disease Characterization, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
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82
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Jbabdi S, Sotiropoulos SN, Haber SN, Van Essen DC, Behrens TE. Measuring macroscopic brain connections in vivo. Nat Neurosci 2015; 18:1546-55. [PMID: 26505566 DOI: 10.1038/nn.4134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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83
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In vivo mapping of macroscopic neuronal projections in the mouse hippocampus using high-resolution diffusion MRI. Neuroimage 2015; 125:84-93. [PMID: 26499812 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Revised: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent developments in diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) make it a promising tool for non-invasive mapping of the spatial organization of axonal and dendritic networks in gray matter regions of the brain. Given the complex cellular environments, in which these networks reside, evidence on the capability of diffusion MRI-based tractography to study these networks is still lacking. In this study, we used a localized diffusion MRI approach to acquire high spatial and angular resolution images of the live mouse hippocampus. The diffusion MRI and tractography results were compared with histology and the Allen mouse brain connectivity atlas using a multi-step image registration pipeline. The results demonstrated that in vivo diffusion MRI data at 0.1mm isotropic resolution revealed the organization of axonal and dendritic networks in the hippocampus and the tractography results shared remarkable similarity with the viral tracer data in term of their spatial projection patterns. Quantitative analysis showed significant correlations between tractography- and tracer-based projection density measurements in the mouse hippocampus. These findings suggest that high-resolution diffusion MRI and tractography can reveal macroscopic neuronal projections in the mouse hippocampus and are important for future development of advanced tractography methods.
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84
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Mollink J, van Baarsen KM, Dederen PJWC, Foxley S, Miller KL, Jbabdi S, Slump CH, Grotenhuis JA, Kleinnijenhuis M, van Cappellen van Walsum AM. Dentatorubrothalamic tract localization with postmortem MR diffusion tractography compared to histological 3D reconstruction. Brain Struct Funct 2015; 221:3487-501. [PMID: 26438333 PMCID: PMC5009171 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-015-1115-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) tractography is a technique with great potential to characterize the in vivo anatomical position and integrity of white matter tracts. Tractography, however, remains an estimation of white matter tracts, and false-positive and false-negative rates are not available. The goal of the present study was to compare postmortem tractography of the dentatorubrothalamic tract (DRTT) by its 3D histological reconstruction, to estimate the reliability of the tractography algorithm in this specific tract. Recent studies have shown that the cerebellum is involved in cognitive, language and emotional functions besides its role in motor control. However, the exact working mechanism of the cerebellum is still to be elucidated. As the DRTT is the main output tract it is of special interest for the neuroscience and clinical community. A postmortem human brain specimen was scanned on a 7T MRI scanner using a diffusion-weighted steady-state free precession sequence. Tractography was performed with PROBTRACKX. The specimen was subsequently serially sectioned and stained for myelin using a modified Heidenhain–Woelke staining. Image registration permitted the 3D reconstruction of the histological sections and comparison with MRI. The spatial concordance between the two modalities was evaluated using ROC analysis and a similarity index (SI). ROC curves showed a high sensitivity and specificity in general. Highest measures were observed in the superior cerebellar peduncle with an SI of 0.72. Less overlap was found in the decussation of the DRTT at the level of the mesencephalon. The study demonstrates high spatial accuracy of postmortem probabilistic tractography of the DRTT when compared to a 3D histological reconstruction. This gives hopeful prospect for studying structure–function correlations in patients with cerebellar disorders using tractography of the DRTT.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Mollink
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, FMRIB Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. .,Department of Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - K M van Baarsen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - P J W C Dederen
- Department of Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - S Foxley
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, FMRIB Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - K L Miller
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, FMRIB Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - S Jbabdi
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, FMRIB Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - C H Slump
- MIRA Institute for Biomedical and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - J A Grotenhuis
- Department of Neurosurgery, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - M Kleinnijenhuis
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, FMRIB Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - A M van Cappellen van Walsum
- Department of Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Mormina E, Longo M, Arrigo A, Alafaci C, Tomasello F, Calamuneri A, Marino S, Gaeta M, Vinci SL, Granata F. MRI Tractography of Corticospinal Tract and Arcuate Fasciculus in High-Grade Gliomas Performed by Constrained Spherical Deconvolution: Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2015; 36:1853-8. [PMID: 26113071 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE MR imaging tractography is increasingly used to perform noninvasive presurgical planning for brain gliomas. Recently, constrained spherical deconvolution tractography was shown to overcome several limitations of commonly used DTI tractography. The purpose of our study was to evaluate WM tract alterations of both the corticospinal tract and arcuate fasciculus in patients with high-grade gliomas, through qualitative and quantitative analysis of probabilistic constrained spherical deconvolution tractography, to perform reliable presurgical planning. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty patients with frontoparietal high-grade gliomas were recruited and evaluated by using a 3T MR imaging scanner with both morphologic and diffusion sequences (60 diffusion directions). We performed probabilistic constrained spherical deconvolution tractography and tract quantification following diffusion tensor parameters: fractional anisotropy; mean diffusivity; linear, planar, and spherical coefficients. RESULTS In all patients, we obtained tractographic reconstructions of the medial and lateral portions of the corticospinal tract and arcuate fasciculus, both on the glioma-affected and nonaffected sides of the brain. The affected lateral corticospinal tract and the arcuate fasciculus showed decreased fractional anisotropy (z = 2.51, n = 20, P = .006; z = 2.52, n = 20, P = .006) and linear coefficient (z = 2.51, n = 20, P = .006; z = 2.52, n = 20, P = .006) along with increased spherical coefficient (z = -2.51, n = 20, P = .006; z = -2.52, n = 20, P = .006). Mean diffusivity values were increased only in the lateral corticospinal tract (z = -2.53, n = 20, P = .006). CONCLUSIONS In this study, we demonstrated that probabilistic constrained spherical deconvolution can provide essential qualitative and quantitative information in presurgical planning, which was not otherwise achievable with DTI. These findings can have important implications for the surgical approach and postoperative outcome in patients with glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Mormina
- From the Departments of Biomedical Science and Morphological and Functional Images (E.M., F.G., A.A., M.G., S.L.V., M.L.)
| | - M Longo
- From the Departments of Biomedical Science and Morphological and Functional Images (E.M., F.G., A.A., M.G., S.L.V., M.L.)
| | - A Arrigo
- From the Departments of Biomedical Science and Morphological and Functional Images (E.M., F.G., A.A., M.G., S.L.V., M.L.)
| | - C Alafaci
- Neurosciences (C.A., F.T., A.C.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - F Tomasello
- Neurosciences (C.A., F.T., A.C.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - A Calamuneri
- Neurosciences (C.A., F.T., A.C.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - S Marino
- Scientific Institute for Recovery and Care Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo (S.M.), Messina, Italy
| | - M Gaeta
- From the Departments of Biomedical Science and Morphological and Functional Images (E.M., F.G., A.A., M.G., S.L.V., M.L.)
| | - S L Vinci
- From the Departments of Biomedical Science and Morphological and Functional Images (E.M., F.G., A.A., M.G., S.L.V., M.L.)
| | - F Granata
- From the Departments of Biomedical Science and Morphological and Functional Images (E.M., F.G., A.A., M.G., S.L.V., M.L.)
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Li G, Liu T, Ni D, Lin W, Gilmore JH, Shen D. Spatiotemporal patterns of cortical fiber density in developing infants, and their relationship with cortical thickness. Hum Brain Mapp 2015; 36:5183-95. [PMID: 26417847 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The intrinsic relationship between the convoluted cortical folding and the underlying complex whiter matter fiber connections has received increasing attention in current neuroscience studies. Recently, the axonal pushing hypothesis of cortical folding has been proposed to explain the finding that the axonal fibers (derived from diffusion tensor images) connecting to gyri are significantly denser than those connecting to sulci in both adult human and non-human primate brains. However, it is still unclear about the spatiotemporal patterns of the fiber density on the cortical surface of the developing infant brains from birth to 2 years of age, which is the most dynamic phase of postnatal brain development. In this paper, for the first time, we systemically characterized the spatial distributions and longitudinal developmental trajectories of the cortical fiber density in the first 2 postnatal years, via joint analysis of longitudinal structural and diffusion tensor imaging from 33 healthy infants. We found that the cortical fiber density increases dramatically in the first year and then keeps relatively stable in the second year. Moreover, we revealed that the cortical fiber density on gyral regions was significantly higher at 0, 1, and 2 years of age than that on sulcal regions in the frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes. Meanwhile, the cortical fiber density was strongly positively correlated with cortical thickness at several three-hinge junction regions of gyri. These results significantly advanced our understanding of the intrinsic relationship between the cortical folding, cortical thickness and axonal wiring during early postnatal stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Li
- Department of Radiology and BRIC, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Tianming Liu
- Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Dong Ni
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weili Lin
- Department of Radiology and BRIC, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - John H Gilmore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Dinggang Shen
- Department of Radiology and BRIC, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Demain B, Davoust C, Plas B, Bolan F, Boulanouar K, Renaud L, Darmana R, Vaysse L, Vieu C, Loubinoux I. Corticospinal Tract Tracing in the Marmoset with a Clinical Whole-Body 3T Scanner Using Manganese-Enhanced MRI. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0138308. [PMID: 26398500 PMCID: PMC4580626 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Manganese-enhanced MRI (MEMRI) has been described as a powerful tool to depict the architecture of neuronal circuits. In this study we investigated the potential use of in vivo MRI detection of manganese for tracing neuronal projections from the primary motor cortex (M1) in healthy marmosets (Callithrix Jacchus). We determined the optimal dose of manganese chloride (MnCl2) among 800, 400, 40 and 8 nmol that led to manganese-induced hyperintensity furthest from the injection site, as specific to the corticospinal tract as possible, and that would not induce motor deficit. A commonly available 3T human clinical MRI scanner and human knee coil were used to follow hyperintensity in the corticospinal tract 24h after injection. A statistical parametric map of seven marmosets injected with the chosen dose, 8 nmol, showed the corticospinal tract and M1 connectivity with the basal ganglia, substantia nigra and thalamus. Safety was determined for the lowest dose that did not induce dexterity and grip strength deficit, and no behavioral effects could be seen in marmosets who received multiple injections of manganese one month apart. In conclusion, our study shows for the first time in marmosets, a reliable and reproducible way to perform longitudinal ME-MRI experiments to observe the integrity of the marmoset corticospinal tract on a clinical 3T MRI scanner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Demain
- Inserm, Imagerie cérébrale et handicaps neurologiques, UMR 825, F-31024, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, Imagerie cérébrale et handicaps neurologiques, UMR 825, CHU Purpan, Place du Dr Baylac, F-31059, Toulouse, Cedex 9, France
- CNRS-LAAS, 7 avenue du colonel Roche, F-31077, Toulouse, France
| | - Carole Davoust
- Inserm, Imagerie cérébrale et handicaps neurologiques, UMR 825, F-31024, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, Imagerie cérébrale et handicaps neurologiques, UMR 825, CHU Purpan, Place du Dr Baylac, F-31059, Toulouse, Cedex 9, France
| | - Benjamin Plas
- Inserm, Imagerie cérébrale et handicaps neurologiques, UMR 825, F-31024, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, Imagerie cérébrale et handicaps neurologiques, UMR 825, CHU Purpan, Place du Dr Baylac, F-31059, Toulouse, Cedex 9, France
- Pôle Neurosciences, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Faye Bolan
- Inserm, Imagerie cérébrale et handicaps neurologiques, UMR 825, F-31024, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, Imagerie cérébrale et handicaps neurologiques, UMR 825, CHU Purpan, Place du Dr Baylac, F-31059, Toulouse, Cedex 9, France
| | - Kader Boulanouar
- Inserm, Imagerie cérébrale et handicaps neurologiques, UMR 825, F-31024, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, Imagerie cérébrale et handicaps neurologiques, UMR 825, CHU Purpan, Place du Dr Baylac, F-31059, Toulouse, Cedex 9, France
| | - Luc Renaud
- CNRS, Centre de Recherche Cerveau & Cognition, UMR 5549, F-31024, Toulouse, France
| | - Robert Darmana
- Inserm, Imagerie cérébrale et handicaps neurologiques, UMR 825, F-31024, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, Imagerie cérébrale et handicaps neurologiques, UMR 825, CHU Purpan, Place du Dr Baylac, F-31059, Toulouse, Cedex 9, France
| | - Laurence Vaysse
- Inserm, Imagerie cérébrale et handicaps neurologiques, UMR 825, F-31024, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, Imagerie cérébrale et handicaps neurologiques, UMR 825, CHU Purpan, Place du Dr Baylac, F-31059, Toulouse, Cedex 9, France
| | - Christophe Vieu
- CNRS-LAAS, 7 avenue du colonel Roche, F-31077, Toulouse, France
| | - Isabelle Loubinoux
- Inserm, Imagerie cérébrale et handicaps neurologiques, UMR 825, F-31024, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, Imagerie cérébrale et handicaps neurologiques, UMR 825, CHU Purpan, Place du Dr Baylac, F-31059, Toulouse, Cedex 9, France
- * E-mail:
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88
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Knösche TR, Anwander A, Liptrot M, Dyrby TB. Validation of tractography: Comparison with manganese tracing. Hum Brain Mapp 2015; 36:4116-34. [PMID: 26178765 PMCID: PMC5034837 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.22902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Revised: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we used invasive tracing to evaluate white matter tractography methods based on ex vivo diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (dwMRI) data. A representative selection of tractography methods were compared to manganese tracing on a voxel-wise basis, and a more qualitative assessment examined whether, and to what extent, certain fiber tracts and gray matter targets were reached. While the voxel-wise agreement was very limited, qualitative assessment revealed that tractography is capable of finding the major fiber tracts, although there were some differences between the methods. However, false positive connections were very common and, in particular, we discovered that it is not possible to achieve high sensitivity (i.e., few false negatives) and high specificity (i.e., few false positives) at the same time. Closer inspection of the results led to the conclusion that these problems mainly originate from regions with complex fiber arrangements or high curvature and are not easily resolved by sophisticated local models alone. Instead, the crucial challenge in making tractography a truly useful and reliable tool in brain research and neurology lies in the acquisition of better data. In particular, the increase of spatial resolution, under preservation of the signal-to-noise-ratio, is key.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas R Knösche
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alfred Anwander
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthew Liptrot
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark.,Department of Computer Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tim B Dyrby
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
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89
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van den Heuvel MP, de Reus MA, Feldman Barrett L, Scholtens LH, Coopmans FMT, Schmidt R, Preuss TM, Rilling JK, Li L. Comparison of diffusion tractography and tract-tracing measures of connectivity strength in rhesus macaque connectome. Hum Brain Mapp 2015; 36:3064-75. [PMID: 26058702 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.22828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Revised: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
With the mapping of macroscale connectomes by means of in vivo diffusion-weighted MR Imaging (DWI) rapidly gaining in popularity, one of the necessary steps is the examination of metrics of connectivity strength derived from these reconstructions. In the field of human macroconnectomics the number of reconstructed fiber streamlines (NOS) is more and more used as a metric of cortico-cortical interareal connectivity strength, but the link between DWI NOS and in vivo animal tract-tracing measurements of anatomical connectivity strength remains poorly understood. In this technical report, we communicate on a comparison between DWI derived metrics and tract-tracing metrics of projection strength. Tract-tracing information on projection strength of interareal pathways was extracted from two commonly used macaque connectome datasets, including (1) the CoCoMac database of collated tract-tracing experiments of the macaque brain and (2) the high-resolution tract-tracing dataset of Markov and Kennedy and coworkers. NOS and density of reconstructed fiber pathways derived from DWI data acquired across 10 rhesus macaques was found to positively correlate to tract-tracing based measurements of connectivity strength across both the CoCoMac and Markov dataset (both P < 0.001), suggesting DWI NOS to form a valid method of assessment of the projection strength of white matter pathways. Our findings provide confidence of in vivo DWI connectome reconstructions to represent fairly realistic estimates of the wiring strength of white matter projections. Our cross-modal comparison supports the notion of in vivo DWI to be a valid methodology for robust description and interpretation of brain wiring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martijn P van den Heuvel
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel A de Reus
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lisa Feldman Barrett
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.,Psychiatric Neuroimaging Program, Department of Psychiatry, and the Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Lianne H Scholtens
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Fraukje M T Coopmans
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ruben Schmidt
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Todd M Preuss
- Department of Neuropharmacology and Neurologic Diseases, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.,Center for Translational Social Neuroscience, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - James K Rilling
- Center for Translational Social Neuroscience, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.,Department of Anthropology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Division of Developmental and Cognitive Neuroscience, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Longchuan Li
- Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Biomedical Imaging Technology Center, Emory University/Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
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90
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Superficial white matter fiber systems impede detection of long-range cortical connections in diffusion MR tractography. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:E2820-8. [PMID: 25964365 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1418198112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 278] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In vivo tractography based on diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) has opened new doors to study structure-function relationships in the human brain. Initially developed to map the trajectory of major white matter tracts, dMRI is used increasingly to infer long-range anatomical connections of the cortex. Because axonal projections originate and terminate in the gray matter but travel mainly through the deep white matter, the success of tractography hinges on the capacity to follow fibers across this transition. Here we demonstrate that the complex arrangement of white matter fibers residing just under the cortical sheet poses severe challenges for long-range tractography over roughly half of the brain. We investigate this issue by comparing dMRI from very-high-resolution ex vivo macaque brain specimens with histological analysis of the same tissue. Using probabilistic tracking from pure gray and white matter seeds, we found that ∼50% of the cortical surface was effectively inaccessible for long-range diffusion tracking because of dense white matter zones just beneath the infragranular layers of the cortex. Analysis of the corresponding myelin-stained sections revealed that these zones colocalized with dense and uniform sheets of axons running mostly parallel to the cortical surface, most often in sulcal regions but also in many gyral crowns. Tracer injection into the sulcal cortex demonstrated that at least some axonal fibers pass directly through these fiber systems. Current and future high-resolution dMRI studies of the human brain will need to develop methods to overcome the challenges posed by superficial white matter systems to determine long-range anatomical connections accurately.
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91
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Chen H, Liu T, Zhao Y, Zhang T, Li Y, Li M, Zhang H, Kuang H, Guo L, Tsien JZ, Liu T. Optimization of large-scale mouse brain connectome via joint evaluation of DTI and neuron tracing data. Neuroimage 2015; 115:202-13. [PMID: 25953631 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Tractography based on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data has been used as a tool by a large number of recent studies to investigate structural connectome. Despite its great success in offering unique 3D neuroanatomy information, DTI is an indirect observation with limited resolution and accuracy and its reliability is still unclear. Thus, it is essential to answer this fundamental question: how reliable is DTI tractography in constructing large-scale connectome? To answer this question, we employed neuron tracing data of 1772 experiments on the mouse brain released by the Allen Mouse Brain Connectivity Atlas (AMCA) as the ground-truth to assess the performance of DTI tractography in inferring white matter fiber pathways and inter-regional connections. For the first time in the neuroimaging field, the performance of whole brain DTI tractography in constructing a large-scale connectome has been evaluated by comparison with tracing data. Our results suggested that only with the optimized tractography parameters and the appropriate scale of brain parcellation scheme, can DTI produce relatively reliable fiber pathways and a large-scale connectome. Meanwhile, a considerable amount of errors were also identified in optimized DTI tractography results, which we believe could be potentially alleviated by efforts in developing better DTI tractography approaches. In this scenario, our framework could serve as a reliable and quantitative test bed to identify errors in tractography results which will facilitate the development of such novel tractography algorithms and the selection of optimal parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanbo Chen
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Tao Liu
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA; Hebei United University, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Tuo Zhang
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA; School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yujie Li
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Meng Li
- Brain and Behavior Discovery Institute, Medical College of Georgia at GA Regents University, USA
| | - Hongmiao Zhang
- Brain and Behavior Discovery Institute, Medical College of Georgia at GA Regents University, USA
| | - Hui Kuang
- Brain and Behavior Discovery Institute, Medical College of Georgia at GA Regents University, USA
| | - Lei Guo
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Joe Z Tsien
- Brain and Behavior Discovery Institute, Medical College of Georgia at GA Regents University, USA
| | - Tianming Liu
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
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92
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Lilja Y, Nilsson DT. Strengths and limitations of tractography methods to identify the optic radiation for epilepsy surgery. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2015; 5:288-99. [PMID: 25853086 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2223-4292.2015.01.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tractography (TG) can visualize Meyer's loop (ML), providing important information for the epilepsy surgery team, both for preoperative counseling and to reduce the frequency of visual field defects after temporal lobe resection (TLR). This review highlights significant steps in the TG process, specifically the processing of raw data including choice of TG algorithm and the interpretation and validation of results. A lack of standardization of TG of the optic radiation makes study comparisons challenging. We discuss results showing differences between studies and uncertainties large enough to be of clinical relevance and present implications of this technique for temporal lobe epilepsy surgery. Recent studies in temporal lobe epilepsy patients, employing TG intraoperatively, show promising results in reduction of visual field defects, with maintained seizure reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ylva Lilja
- 1 Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden ; 2 Department of Neurosurgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Daniel T Nilsson
- 1 Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden ; 2 Department of Neurosurgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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93
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Azadbakht H, Parkes LM, Haroon HA, Augath M, Logothetis NK, de Crespigny A, D'Arceuil HE, Parker GJM. Validation of High-Resolution Tractography Against In Vivo Tracing in the Macaque Visual Cortex. Cereb Cortex 2015; 25:4299-309. [PMID: 25787833 PMCID: PMC4816782 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhu326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows for the noninvasive in vivo examination of anatomical connections in the human brain, which has an important role in understanding brain function. Validation of this technique is vital, but has proved difficult due to the lack of an adequate gold standard. In this work, the macaque visual system was used as a model as an extensive body of literature of in vivo and postmortem tracer studies has established a detailed understanding of the underlying connections. We performed probabilistic tractography on high angular resolution diffusion imaging data of 2 ex vivo, in vitro macaque brains. Comparisons were made between identified connections at different thresholds of probabilistic connection “strength,” and with various tracking optimization strategies previously proposed in the literature, and known connections from the detailed visual system wiring map described by Felleman and Van Essen (1991; FVE91). On average, 74% of connections that were identified by FVE91 were reproduced by performing the most successfully optimized probabilistic diffusion MRI tractography. Further comparison with the results of a more recent tracer study (
Markov et al. 2012) suggests that the fidelity of tractography in estimating the presence or absence of interareal connections may be greater than this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hojjatollah Azadbakht
- Centre for Imaging Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Laura M Parkes
- Centre for Imaging Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Hamied A Haroon
- Centre for Imaging Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Mark Augath
- Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nikos K Logothetis
- Centre for Imaging Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, UK Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alex de Crespigny
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Helen E D'Arceuil
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Geoffrey J M Parker
- Centre for Imaging Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, UK
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94
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Lim JC, Phal PM, Desmond PM, Nichols AD, Kokkinos C, Danesh-Meyer HV, Kaye AH, Moffat BA. Probabilistic MRI tractography of the optic radiation using constrained spherical deconvolution: a feasibility study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118948. [PMID: 25742640 PMCID: PMC4351098 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Imaging the optic radiation (OR) is of considerable interest in studying diseases affecting the visual pathway and for pre-surgical planning of temporal lobe resections. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical feasibility of using probabilistic diffusion tractography based on constrained spherical deconvolution (CSD) to image the optic radiation. It was hypothesized that CSD would provide improved tracking of the OR compared with the widely used ball-and-stick model. Methods Diffusion weighted MRI (30 directions) was performed on twenty patients with no known visual deficits. Tractography was performed using probabilistic algorithms based on fiber orientation distribution models of local white matter trajectories. The performance of these algorithms was evaluated by comparing computational times and receiver operating characteristic results, and by correlation of anatomical landmark distances to dissection estimates. Results The results showed that it was consistently feasible to reconstruct individual optic radiations from clinically practical (4.5 minute acquisition) diffusion weighted imaging data sets using CSD. Tractography based on the CSD model resulted in significantly shorter computational times, improved receiver operating characteristic results, and shorter Meyer’s loop to temporal pole distances (in closer agreement with dissection studies) when compared to the ball-and-stick based algorithm. Conclusions Accurate tractography of the optic radiation can be accomplished using diffusion MRI data collected within a clinically practical timeframe. CSD based tractography was faster, more accurate and had better correlation with known anatomical landmarks than ball-and-stick tractography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy C. Lim
- Department of Radiology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3050, Australia
- Department of Radiology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Grattan Street, Parkville, Victoria 3050, Australia
| | - Pramit M. Phal
- Department of Radiology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3050, Australia
- Department of Radiology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Grattan Street, Parkville, Victoria 3050, Australia
| | - Patricia M. Desmond
- Department of Radiology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3050, Australia
- Department of Radiology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Grattan Street, Parkville, Victoria 3050, Australia
| | - Andrew D. Nichols
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3050, Australia
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Grattan Street, Parkville, Victoria 3050, Australia
| | - Chris Kokkinos
- Department of Radiology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Grattan Street, Parkville, Victoria 3050, Australia
| | - Helen V. Danesh-Meyer
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3050, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Andrew H. Kaye
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3050, Australia
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Grattan Street, Parkville, Victoria 3050, Australia
| | - Bradford A. Moffat
- Department of Radiology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3050, Australia
- Department of Radiology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Grattan Street, Parkville, Victoria 3050, Australia
- * E-mail:
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95
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Neggers SFW, Zandbelt BB, Schall MS, Schall JD. Comparative diffusion tractography of corticostriatal motor pathways reveals differences between humans and macaques. J Neurophysiol 2015; 113:2164-72. [PMID: 25589589 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00569.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The primate corticobasal ganglia circuits are understood to be segregated into parallel anatomically and functionally distinct loops. Anatomical and physiological studies in macaque monkeys are summarized as showing that an oculomotor loop begins with projections from the frontal eye fields (FEF) to the caudate nucleus, and a motor loop begins with projections from the primary motor cortex (M1) to the putamen. However, recent functional and structural neuroimaging studies of the human corticostriatal system report evidence inconsistent with this organization. To obtain conclusive evidence, we directly compared the pattern of connectivity between cortical motor areas and the striatum in humans and macaques in vivo using probabilistic diffusion tractography. In macaques we found that FEF is connected with the head of the caudate and anterior putamen, and M1 is connected with more posterior sections of the caudate and putamen, corroborating neuroanatomical tract tracing findings. However, in humans FEF and M1 are connected to largely overlapping portions of posterior putamen and only a small portion of the caudate. These results demonstrate that the corticobasal connectivity for the oculomotor and primary motor loop is not entirely segregated for primates at a macroscopic level and that the description of the anatomical connectivity of corticostriatal motor systems in humans does not parallel that of macaques, perhaps because of an expansion of prefrontal projections to striatum in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F W Neggers
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - B B Zandbelt
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt Vision Research Center, Center for Integrative and Cognitive Neuroscience, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; and Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - M S Schall
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt Vision Research Center, Center for Integrative and Cognitive Neuroscience, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; and
| | - J D Schall
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt Vision Research Center, Center for Integrative and Cognitive Neuroscience, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; and
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96
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Kis D, Máté A, Kincses ZT, Vörös E, Barzó P. The role of probabilistic tractography in the surgical treatment of thalamic gliomas. Neurosurgery 2015; 10 Suppl 2:262-72; discussion 272. [PMID: 24594925 DOI: 10.1227/neu.0000000000000333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thalamic gliomas represent a great challenge for neurosurgeons because of the high surgical risk of damaging the surrounding anatomy. Preoperative planning may considerably help the surgeon find the most ideal operative trajectory, avoiding thalamic nuclei and important white matter pathways adjacent to the tumor tissue. Thalamic segmentation is a promising imaging tool based on diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging. It provides the possibility to predict the relationship of the tumor to thalamic nuclei. OBJECTIVE To propose a new tool in thalamic glioma surgery that may help to differentiate between normal thalamus and tumor tissue, making preoperative planning possible and facilitating the choice of the optimal surgical approach and trajectory for neuronavigation-assisted surgery. METHODS Four patients with thalamic gliomas preoperatively underwent conventional and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging conducted on 1.5 T. Subsequently, probabilistic tractography and thalamic segmentation were performed with the FSL Software as preoperative planning. We also present a case when thalamic segmentation was applied retrospectively using preoperative images. All patients went through neuronavigation-assisted surgery (1 partial, 4 subtotal resections). RESULTS Surgery performed based on the output of thalamic segmentation caused no deterioration in the neurological symptoms of our patients. Indeed, we noticed improvement in the neurological condition in 3 cases; furthermore, in 2 patients, a concern-free state was achieved. CONCLUSION We suggest that thalamic segmentation may be applied successfully and routinely in the surgical treatment of thalamic gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dávid Kis
- *Department of Neurosurgery, Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Center, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; ‡Department of Neurology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Center, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; §International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic; ‖Diagnoscan Hungary Ltd., Budapest, Hungary; ¶Department of Radiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Center, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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97
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Hubbard PL, Zhou FL, Eichhorn SJ, Parker GJM. Biomimetic phantom for the validation of diffusion magnetic resonance imaging. Magn Reson Med 2015; 73:299-305. [PMID: 24469863 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.25107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Revised: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A range of advanced diffusion MRI (dMRI) techniques are currently in development which characterize the orientation of white matter fibers using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). There is a need for a physical phantom with microstructural features of the brain's white matter to help validate these methods. METHODS Hollow, co-electrospun, aligned fibers with a tuneable size distribution have been produced in bulk and with an MR visible solvent infused into the pores. The morphology and size of the phantoms was assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and compared with DTI results obtained on both a clinical and preclinical scanner. RESULTS By varying inner diameter of the phantom fibers (from SEM: 9.5 μm, 11.9 μm, 13.4 μm) the radial diffusivity and fractional anisotropy, calculated from DTI, vary between 0.38 ± 0.05 × 10(3) and 0.61 ± 0.06 × 10(3) cm s(-1) and between 0.45 ± 0.05 and 0.33 ± 0.04, respectively. CONCLUSION We envisage that these materials will be used for the validation of novel and established methods within the field of diffusion MRI, as well as for routine quality assurance purposes and for establishing scanner performance in multicenter trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penny L Hubbard
- Centre for Imaging Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Biomedical Imaging Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Feng-Lei Zhou
- Centre for Imaging Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- The School of Materials, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen J Eichhorn
- College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Geoffrey J M Parker
- Centre for Imaging Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Biomedical Imaging Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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98
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Foxley S, Jbabdi S, Clare S, Lam W, Ansorge O, Douaud G, Miller K. Improving diffusion-weighted imaging of post-mortem human brains: SSFP at 7 T. Neuroimage 2014; 102 Pt 2:579-89. [PMID: 25128709 PMCID: PMC4229505 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Revised: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-mortem diffusion imaging of whole, human brains has potential to provide data for validation or high-resolution anatomical investigations. Previous work has demonstrated improvements in data acquired with diffusion-weighted steady-state free precession (DW-SSFP) compared with conventional diffusion-weighted spin echo at 3T. This is due to the ability of DW-SSFP to overcome signal-to-noise and diffusion contrast losses brought about by tissue fixation related decreases in T2 and ADC. In this work, data of four post-mortem human brains were acquired at 3T and 7 T, using DW-SSFP with similar effective b-values (b(eff)~5150 s/mm(2)) for inter-field strength comparisons; in addition, DW-SSFP data were acquired at 7 T with higher b(eff) (~8550 s/mm(2)) for intra-field strength comparisons. Results demonstrate that both datasets acquired at 7 T had higher SNR and diffusion contrast than data acquired at 3T, and data acquired at higher b(eff) had improved diffusion contrast than at lower b(eff) at 7 T. These results translate to improved estimates of secondary fiber orientations leading to higher fidelity tractography results compared with data acquired at 3T. Specifically, tractography streamlines of cortical projections originating from the corpus callosum, corticospinal tract, and superior longitudinal fasciculus were more successful at crossing the centrum semiovale and projected closer to the cortex. Results suggest that DW-SSFP at 7 T is a preferential method for acquiring diffusion-weighted data of post-mortem human brain, specifically where the primary region of interest involves crossing white matter tracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Foxley
- FMRIB Centre, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Saad Jbabdi
- FMRIB Centre, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Stuart Clare
- FMRIB Centre, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Wilfred Lam
- FMRIB Centre, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Olaf Ansorge
- Division of Clinical Neurology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Gwenaelle Douaud
- FMRIB Centre, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Karla Miller
- FMRIB Centre, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Anatomical accuracy of brain connections derived from diffusion MRI tractography is inherently limited. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:16574-9. [PMID: 25368179 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1405672111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 502] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Tractography based on diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) is widely used for mapping the structural connections of the human brain. Its accuracy is known to be limited by technical factors affecting in vivo data acquisition, such as noise, artifacts, and data undersampling resulting from scan time constraints. It generally is assumed that improvements in data quality and implementation of sophisticated tractography methods will lead to increasingly accurate maps of human anatomical connections. However, assessing the anatomical accuracy of DWI tractography is difficult because of the lack of independent knowledge of the true anatomical connections in humans. Here we investigate the future prospects of DWI-based connectional imaging by applying advanced tractography methods to an ex vivo DWI dataset of the macaque brain. The results of different tractography methods were compared with maps of known axonal projections from previous tracer studies in the macaque. Despite the exceptional quality of the DWI data, none of the methods demonstrated high anatomical accuracy. The methods that showed the highest sensitivity showed the lowest specificity, and vice versa. Additionally, anatomical accuracy was highly dependent upon parameters of the tractography algorithm, with different optimal values for mapping different pathways. These results suggest that there is an inherent limitation in determining long-range anatomical projections based on voxel-averaged estimates of local fiber orientation obtained from DWI data that is unlikely to be overcome by improvements in data acquisition and analysis alone.
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Zemmoura I, Serres B, Andersson F, Barantin L, Tauber C, Filipiak I, Cottier JP, Venturini G, Destrieux C. FIBRASCAN: a novel method for 3D white matter tract reconstruction in MR space from cadaveric dissection. Neuroimage 2014; 103:106-118. [PMID: 25234114 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Revised: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diffusion tractography relies on complex mathematical models that provide anatomical information indirectly, and it needs to be validated. In humans, up to now, tractography has mainly been validated by qualitative comparison with data obtained from dissection. No quantitative comparison was possible because Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and dissection data are obtained in different reference spaces, and because fiber tracts are progressively destroyed by dissection. Here, we propose a novel method and software (FIBRASCAN) that allow accurate reconstruction of fiber tracts from dissection in MRI reference space. METHOD Five human hemispheres, obtained from four formalin-fixed brains were prepared for Klingler's dissection, placed on a holder with fiducial markers, MR scanned, and then dissected to expose the main association tracts. During dissection, we performed iterative acquisitions of the surface and texture of the specimens using a laser scanner and two digital cameras. Each texture was projected onto the corresponding surface and the resulting set of textured surfaces was coregistered thanks to the fiducial holders. The identified association tracts were then interactively segmented on each textured surface and reconstructed from the pile of surface segments. Finally, the reconstructed tracts were coregistered onto ex vivo MRI space thanks to the fiducials. Each critical step of the process was assessed to measure the precision of the method. RESULTS We reconstructed six fiber tracts (long, anterior and posterior segments of the superior longitudinal fasciculus; Inferior fronto-occipital, Inferior longitudinal and uncinate fasciculi) from cadaveric dissection and ported them into ex vivo MRI reference space. The overall accuracy of the method was of the order of 1mm: surface-to-surface registration=0.138mm (standard deviation (SD)=0.058mm), deformation of the specimen during dissection=0.356mm (SD=0.231mm), and coregistration surface-MRI=0.6mm (SD=0.274mm). The spatial resolution of the method (distance between two consecutive surface acquisitions) was 0.345mm (SD=0.115mm). CONCLUSION This paper presents the robustness of a novel method, FIBRASCAN, for accurate reconstruction of fiber tracts from dissection in the ex vivo MR reference space. This is a major step toward quantitative comparison of MR tractography with dissection results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilyess Zemmoura
- INSERM U930 Imagerie et Cerveau, Université François-Rabelais de Tours, Tours, France; Université François-Rabelais de Tours, Laboratoire d'Anatomie, Tours, France; CHRU de Tours, Service de Neurochirurgie, Tours, France.
| | - Barthélémy Serres
- INSERM U930 Imagerie et Cerveau, Université François-Rabelais de Tours, Tours, France; Université François-Rabelais de Tours, Laboratoire d'Informatique, EA6300 Tours, France
| | - Frédéric Andersson
- INSERM U930 Imagerie et Cerveau, Université François-Rabelais de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Laurent Barantin
- INSERM U930 Imagerie et Cerveau, Université François-Rabelais de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Clovis Tauber
- INSERM U930 Imagerie et Cerveau, Université François-Rabelais de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Isabelle Filipiak
- INSERM U930 Imagerie et Cerveau, Université François-Rabelais de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Cottier
- INSERM U930 Imagerie et Cerveau, Université François-Rabelais de Tours, Tours, France; CHRU de Tours, Service de Neuroradiologie, Tours, France
| | - Gilles Venturini
- Université François-Rabelais de Tours, Laboratoire d'Informatique, EA6300 Tours, France
| | - Christophe Destrieux
- INSERM U930 Imagerie et Cerveau, Université François-Rabelais de Tours, Tours, France; Université François-Rabelais de Tours, Laboratoire d'Anatomie, Tours, France; CHRU de Tours, Service de Neurochirurgie, Tours, France
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