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Katasonov AB. [Dihydroquercetin as a systemic neuroprotector for the prevention and treatment of β-amyloid-associated brain diseases]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2023; 123:136-142. [PMID: 37490679 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro2023123071136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Dihydroquercetin (DHQ) is a plant-derived polyphenol belonging to the group of flavonoids. In models associated with abnormal accumulation of β-amyloid in the brain (Alzheimer's disease and cerebral amyloid angiopathy), DHQ demonstrates the ability to disaggregate toxic forms of β-amyloid and prevent their formation. It is believed that this phenomenon underlies the protective effect of DHQ on brain neurons. However, pharmacokinetic data doubt the central mechanism of action of DHQ because this compound does not penetrate well into the brain. A hypothesis is put forward about the systemic nature of the neuroprotective action of DHQ, since this compound has multiple biological activities at the level of the whole organism. To characterize DHQ (and similar compounds), it is proposed to introduce the term «systemic neuroprotector».
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Yang R, Yang X, Zhang F. New Perspectives of Taxifolin in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:2097-2109. [PMID: 36740800 PMCID: PMC10556370 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666230203101107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), and Huntington's disease (HD) are characterized by cognitive and motor dysfunctions and neurodegeneration. These diseases have become more severe over time and cannot be cured currently. Until now, most treatments for these diseases are only used to relieve the symptoms. Taxifolin (TAX), 3,5,7,3,4-pentahydroxy flavanone, also named dihydroquercetin, is a compound derived primarily from Douglas fir and Larix gemelini. TAX has been confirmed to exhibit various pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammation, anti-cancer, anti-virus, and regulation of oxidative stress effects. In the central nervous system, TAX has been demonstrated to inhibit Aβ fibril formation, protect neurons and improve cerebral blood flow, cognitive ability, and dyskinesia. At present, TAX is only applied as a health additive in clinical practice. This review aimed to summarize the application of TAX in neurodegenerative diseases and the underlying neuroprotective mechanisms, such as suppressing inflammation, attenuating oxidative stress, preventing Aβ protein formation, maintaining dopamine levels, and thus reducing neuronal loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and Laboratory Animal Center, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Xinxing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and Laboratory Animal Center, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and Laboratory Animal Center, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
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Abid N, Hamad E, Ibrahim M, Abid H. Antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of taxifolin against vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA). BAGHDAD JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND APPLIED BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.47419/bjbabs.v3i04.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objective: The medicinal effects of flavonoids are widely described in the literature; however, their antimicrobial effects against antibiotic resistant bacteria are yet to be highlighted. This study was aimed at investigating the growth and biofilm inhibitory effects of taxifolin, a flavonoid, against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA).
Methods: Seven VRSA isolates were used to assess the antimicrobial and antibiofilm influence of taxifolin. The agar-well diffusion method was used to determine the zones of inhibition caused by taxifolin, and resazurin-based microdilution technique was used to assess the minimum inhibitory concentration. Crystal violet staining technique was used to assess the biomass of biofilms formed by the microorganisms. GraphPad Prism software was used to present the data in figures.
Results: Taxifolin inhibited bacterial growth in a dose-dependent fashion and reduced bacterial viability. It similarly attenuated the biofilm production activity of bacterial isolates in a dose-dependent manner.
Conclusions: Current findings suggest the antibacterial and antibiofilm influence of taxifolin against VRSA in a dose-dependent manner.
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Mohammed HA, Almahmoud SA, El-Ghaly ESM, Khan FA, Emwas AH, Jaremko M, Almulhim F, Khan RA, Ragab EA. Comparative Anticancer Potentials of Taxifolin and Quercetin Methylated Derivatives against HCT-116 Cell Lines: Effects of O-Methylation on Taxifolin and Quercetin as Preliminary Natural Leads. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:46629-46639. [PMID: 36570308 PMCID: PMC9774329 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Six flavonoids present in Pulicaria jaubertii, i.e., 7,3'-di-O-methyltaxifolin (1), 3'-O-methyltaxifolin (2), 7-O-methyltaxifolin (3), taxifolin (4), 3-O-methylquercetin (5), and quercetin (6), were tested for their anticancer activities. The methylated flavonoids, compounds 1-3 and 5, were evaluated for their anticancer activities in comparison to the non-methylated parent flavonoids taxifolin (4) and quercetin (6). The structures of the known compounds were reconfirmed by spectral analyses using 1H and 13C NMR data comparisons and HRMS spectrometry. The anticancer activity of these compounds was evaluated in colon cancer, HCT-116, and noncancerous, HEK-293, cell lines using the MTT antiproliferative assays. The caspase-3 and caspase-9 expressions and DAPI (4', 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) staining assays were used to evaluate the apoptotic activity. All the compounds exhibited antiproliferative activity against the HCT-116 cell line with IC50 values at 33 ± 1.25, 36 ± 2.25, 34 ± 2.15, 32 ± 2.35, 34 ± 2.65, and 36 ± 1.95 μg/mL for compounds 1 to 6, respectively. All the compounds produced a significant reduction in HCT-116 cell line proliferation, except compounds 2 and 6. The viability of the HEK-293 normal cells was found to be significantly higher than the viability of the cancerous cells at all of the tested concentrations, thus suggesting that all the compounds have better inhibitory activity on the cancer cell line. Apoptotic features such as chromatin condensation and nuclear shrinkage were also induced by the compounds. The expression of caspase-3 and caspase-9 genes increased in HCT-116 cell lines after 48 h of treatment, suggesting cell death by the apoptotic pathways. The molecular docking studies showed favorable binding affinity against different pro- and antiapoptotic proteins by these compounds. The docking scores were minimum as compared to the caspase-9, caspase-3, Bcl-xl, and JAK2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamdoon A. Mohammed
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Department
of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Suliman A. Almahmoud
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - El-Sayed M. El-Ghaly
- Department
of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Firdos Alam Khan
- Department
of Stem Cell Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations
(IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, 31441 Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul-Hamid Emwas
- Core
Laboratories, King Abdullah University of
Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900 Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Smart-Health
Initiative (SHI) and Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Division of Biological
and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatimah Almulhim
- Smart-Health
Initiative (SHI) and Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Division of Biological
and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Riaz A. Khan
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ehab A. Ragab
- Department
of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
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Dehnad D, Emadzadeh B, Ghorani B, Rajabzadeh G, Kharazmi MS, Jafari SM. Nano-vesicular carriers for bioactive compounds and their applications in food formulations. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:5583-5602. [PMID: 36519525 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2156474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The most commonly used vesicular systems in the food industry include liposomes, niosomes, phytosomes, or transfersomes. This review focuses on showing how nano-vesicular carriers (NVCs) amend the properties of bioactive compounds (bioactives), making them suitable for food applications, especially functional foods. In this research, we elaborate on the question of whether bioactive-loaded NVCs affect various food aspects such as their antioxidant capacity, or sensory properties. This review also shows how NVCs improve the long-term release profile of bioactives during storage and at different pH values. Besides, the refinement of digestibility and bioaccessibility of diverse bioactives through NVCs in the gastrointestinal tract is elucidated. NVCs allow for stable vesicle formation (e.g. from anthocyanins) which reduces their cytotoxicity and proliferation of cancer cells, prolongs the release bioactives (e.g. d-limonene) with no critical burst, reduces the biofilm formation capacity of both Gram-positive/negative strains and their biofilm gene expression is down-regulated (in the case of tannic acid), low oxidation (e.g. iron) is endured when exposed to simulated gastric fluid, and unpleasant smell and taste are masked (in case of omega-3 fatty acids). After the incorporation of bioactive-loaded NVCs into food products, their antioxidant capacity is enhanced, maintaining high encapsulation efficiency and enduring pasteurization conditions, and they are not distinguished from control samples in sensory evaluation despite the reverse situation about free bioactives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danial Dehnad
- Department of Food Nanotechnology, Research Institute of Food Science and Technology (RIFST), Mashhad, Iran
| | - Bahareh Emadzadeh
- Department of Food Nanotechnology, Research Institute of Food Science and Technology (RIFST), Mashhad, Iran
| | - Behrouz Ghorani
- Department of Food Nanotechnology, Research Institute of Food Science and Technology (RIFST), Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ghadir Rajabzadeh
- Department of Food Nanotechnology, Research Institute of Food Science and Technology (RIFST), Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Seid Mahdi Jafari
- Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Ourense, Spain
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
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Jasenovec T, Radosinska D, Kollarova M, Balis P, Zorad S, Vrbjar N, Bernatova I, Cacanyiova S, Tothova L, Radosinska J. Effects of Taxifolin in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats with a Focus on Erythrocyte Quality. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12122045. [PMID: 36556410 PMCID: PMC9788412 DOI: 10.3390/life12122045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and multiple erythrocyte abnormalities have been observed in hypertension. We focused on the effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) inhibition by MLN-4760 inhibitor on angiotensin peptides, oxidative stress parameters, and selected erythrocyte quality markers in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). We also investigated the potential effects of polyphenolic antioxidant taxifolin when applied in vivo and in vitro following its incubation with erythrocytes. SHRs were divided into four groups: control, taxifolin-treated, MLN-4760-treated, and MLN-4760 with taxifolin. MLN-4760 administration increased the blood pressure rise independent of taxifolin treatment, whereas taxifolin decreased it in control SHRs. Body weight gain was also higher in ACE2-inhibited animals and normalized after taxifolin treatment. However, taxifolin did not induce any change in angiotensin peptide concentrations nor a clear antioxidant effect. We documented an increase in Na,K-ATPase enzyme activity in erythrocyte membranes of ACE2-inhibited SHRs after taxifolin treatment. In conclusion, ACE2 inhibition deteriorated some selected RBC properties in SHRs. Although taxifolin treatment did not improve oxidative stress markers, our data confirmed the blood pressure-lowering potential, anti-obesogenic effect, and some "erythroprotective" effects of this compound in both control and ACE2-inhibited SHRs. In vitro investigations documenting different effects of taxifolin on erythrocyte properties from control and ACE2-inhibited SHRs accentuated the irreplaceability of in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Jasenovec
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Dominika Radosinska
- Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Marta Kollarova
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Balis
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Stefan Zorad
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Norbert Vrbjar
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Iveta Bernatova
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Sona Cacanyiova
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lubomira Tothova
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jana Radosinska
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +42-12-9011-9526
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Medrano-Macías J, Flores-Gallegos AC, Nava-Reyna E, Morales I, Tortella G, Solís-Gaona S, Benavides-Mendoza A. Reactive Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Sulfur Species (RONSS) as a Metabolic Cluster for Signaling and Biostimulation of Plants: An Overview. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3203. [PMID: 36501243 PMCID: PMC9740111 DOI: 10.3390/plants11233203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This review highlights the relationship between the metabolism of reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and H2S-reactive sulfur species (RSS). These three metabolic pathways, collectively termed reactive oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur species (RONSS), constitute a conglomerate of reactions that function as an energy dissipation mechanism, in addition to allowing environmental signals to be transduced into cellular information. This information, in the form of proteins with posttranslational modifications or signaling metabolites derived from RONSS, serves as an inducer of many processes for redoxtasis and metabolic adjustment to the changing environmental conditions to which plants are subjected. Although it is thought that the role of reactive chemical species was originally energy dissipation, during evolution they seem to form a cluster of RONSS that, in addition to dissipating excess excitation potential or reducing potential, also fulfils essential signaling functions that play a vital role in the stress acclimation of plants. Signaling occurs by synthesizing many biomolecules that modify the activity of transcription factors and through modifications in thiol groups of enzymes. The result is a series of adjustments in plants' gene expression, biochemistry, and physiology. Therefore, we present an overview of the synthesis and functions of the RONSS, considering the importance and implications in agronomic management, particularly on the biostimulation of crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Medrano-Macías
- Department of Horticulture, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Saltillo 25315, Mexico
| | - Adriana Carolina Flores-Gallegos
- Bioprocesses and Bioproducts Research Group, Food Research Department, School of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Saltillo 25280, Mexico
| | - Erika Nava-Reyna
- Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, National Center for Disciplinary Research in Water, Soil, Plants and Atmosphere Relations, Gomez Palacio 35150, Mexico
| | - Isidro Morales
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Interdisciplinary Research Center for Regional Integral Development, Oaxaca 71230, Mexico
| | - Gonzalo Tortella
- Centro de Excelencia en Investigación Biotecnológica Aplicada al Medio Ambiente (CIBAMA-BIOREN), Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
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Alanezi AA, Almuqati AF, Alfwuaires MA, Alasmari F, Namazi NI, Althunibat OY, Mahmoud AM. Taxifolin Prevents Cisplatin Nephrotoxicity by Modulating Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway and Mitigating Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Mice. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1310. [PMID: 36355481 PMCID: PMC9692949 DOI: 10.3390/ph15111310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin (CIS) is an effective chemotherapeutic agent used in the treatment of several malignancies. The clinical use of CIS is associated with adverse effects, including acute kidney injury (AKI). Oxidative stress and inflammation are key events in the development of CIS-induced AKI. This study investigated the protective effect of taxifolin (TAX), a bioactive flavonoid with promising health-promoting properties, on CIS-induced nephrotoxicity in mice. TAX was orally given to mice for 10 days and a single dose of CIS was injected at day 7. Serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine were elevated, and multiple histopathological alterations were observed in the kidney of CIS-administered mice. CIS increased renal malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) p65, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-1β, and decreased cellular antioxidants in mice. TAX remarkably prevented kidney injury, ameliorated serum BUN and creatinine, and renal MDA, NO, NF-κB p65, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and boosted antioxidant defenses in CIS-administered mice. TAX downregulated Bax and caspase-3, and upregulated Bcl-2. These effects were associated with upregulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression and heme oxygenase (HO)-1 activity in CIS-administered mice. In conclusion, TAX prevented CIS-induced AKI by mitigating tissue injury, oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell death. The protective efficacy of TAX was associated with the upregulation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulkareem A. Alanezi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al-Batin, Hafr Al-Batin 31991, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afaf F. Almuqati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al-Batin, Hafr Al-Batin 31991, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal A. Alfwuaires
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fawaz Alasmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nader I. Namazi
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munawarah 30001, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama Y. Althunibat
- Department of Medical Analysis, Princess Aisha Bint Al-Hussein College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma’an 71111, Jordan
| | - Ayman M. Mahmoud
- Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
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Obeidat HM, Althunibat OY, Alfwuaires MA, Aladaileh SH, Algefare AI, Almuqati AF, Alasmari F, Aldal’in HK, Alanezi AA, Alsuwayt B, Abukhalil MH. Cardioprotective Effect of Taxifolin against Isoproterenol-Induced Cardiac Injury through Decreasing Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Cell Death, and Activating Nrf2/HO-1 in Mice. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1546. [PMID: 36358896 PMCID: PMC9687704 DOI: 10.3390/biom12111546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation are key components in cardiovascular diseases and heart dysfunction. Herein, we evaluated the protective effects of (+)-taxifolin (TAX), a potent flavonoid with significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions, on myocardial oxidative tissue injury, inflammation, and cell death, using a mouse model of isoproterenol (ISO)-induced acute myocardial injury. Mice were given TAX (25 and 50 mg/kg, orally) for 14 days before receiving two subsequent injections of ISO (100 mg/kg, s.c.) at an interval of 24 h on the 15th and 16th days. The ISO-induced cardiac tissue injury was evidenced by increased serum creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), cardiac troponin I (cTnI), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), along with several histopathological changes. The ISO also induced increased malondialdehyde (MDA) with concomitant declined myocardial glutathione level and antioxidant enzymes activities. Moreover, ISO-induced heart injury was accompained with elevated cardiac NF-κB p65, TNF-α, IL-1β, Bax, and caspase-3, as well as decreased Bcl-2, Nrf2, and HO-1. Remarkably, TAX reduced the severity of cardiac injury, oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell death, while enhancing antioxidants, Bcl-2, and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling in ISO-injected mice. In conclusion, TAX protects against ISO-induced acute myocardial injury via activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and attenuating the oxidative tissue injury and key regulators of inflammatory response and apoptosis. Thus, our findings imply that TAX may constitute a new cardioprotective therapy against acute MI, which undoubtedly deserves further exploration in upcoming human trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba M. Obeidat
- Department of Medical Analysis, Princess Aisha Bint Al-Hussein College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma’an 71111, Jordan
| | - Osama Y. Althunibat
- Department of Medical Analysis, Princess Aisha Bint Al-Hussein College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma’an 71111, Jordan
| | - Manal A. Alfwuaires
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleem H. Aladaileh
- Department of Medical Analysis, Princess Aisha Bint Al-Hussein College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma’an 71111, Jordan
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al-Batin, Hafr Al-Batin 31991, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmohsen I. Algefare
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afaf F. Almuqati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al-Batin, Hafr Al-Batin 31991, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fawaz Alasmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hammad Khalifeh Aldal’in
- Department of Medical Support, Al-Karak University College, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Karak 19117, Jordan
| | - Abdulkareem A. Alanezi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al-Batin, Hafr Al-Batin 31991, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bader Alsuwayt
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al-Batin, Hafr Al-Batin 31991, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad H. Abukhalil
- Department of Medical Analysis, Princess Aisha Bint Al-Hussein College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma’an 71111, Jordan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma’an 71111, Jordan
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60
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Yu S, Li M, Gao S, Zhou J. Engineering Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the production of dihydroquercetin from naringenin. Microb Cell Fact 2022; 21:213. [PMID: 36243863 PMCID: PMC9569186 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01937-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dihydroquercetin (DHQ), a powerful bioflavonoid, has a number of health-promoting qualities and shows potential as a treatment for a number of disorders. Dihydroquercetin biosynthesis is a promising solution to meet the rising demand for dihydroquercetin. However, due to the significant accumulation of eriodietyol (ERI), naringenin (NAR), dihydrokaempferol (DHK), and other metabolites, the yield of DHQ biosynthesis is low. As a result, this is the hindrance to the biosynthesis of DHQ. Results In this study, we proposed several strategies to enhance the product formation and reduce the metabolites in accumulation. The flavonoid 3′-hydroxylase (F3′H) and cytochrome P450 reductase from different species were co-expressed in S. cerevisiae, and the best strain expressing the P450-reductase enzyme complex (SmF3′H/ScCPR) yielded 435.7 ± 7.6 mg/L of ERI from NAR in the deepwell microplate. The product conversion rate was improved further by mutating the predicted potential ubiquitination sites to improve SmF3′H stability, resulting in a 12.8% increase in titre using the mutant SmF3′H (K290R). Besides, different F3Hs from various sources and promoters were tested for the improved DHQ production, with the best strain producing 381.2 ± 10.7 mg/L of DHQ from 1 g/L of NAR, suggesting the temporal regulation the expression of F3H is important for maximization the function of F3′H and F3H. Conclusion This study offers effective strategies for improving DHQ production from NAR and could be used as a reference for related research. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12934-022-01937-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqin Yu
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education and School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China.,Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education On Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingjia Li
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education and School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China.,Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education On Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | | | - Jingwen Zhou
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China. .,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education and School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China. .,Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education On Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China. .,Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China.
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61
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Kim JH, Seo JE, Choi SW. Quantitative Changes of Phenolic Compounds in Pine Twigs by Variety, Harvest Season, and Growing Region. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2022; 27:299-308. [PMID: 36313064 PMCID: PMC9585405 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2022.27.3.299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Three new phenolic compounds including pinosylvin 3-methoxy-5-O-β-D-glucoside (PMG), taxiresinol 4'-O-α-L-rhamnoside (TRR), and lariciresinol 4'-O-α-L-rhamnoside (LRR) were first isolated and identified from red pine (Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc.) twigs, together with four known compounds, such as (+)-catechin (CC), dihydromyricetin (DHM), dihydroquercetin 3-O-β-D-glucoside (DHQG), and dihydroquercetin (DHQ). Additionally, the concentrations of seven phenolic compounds in pine twigs were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography based on cultivars, harvest seasons, and growing environments. Red and black pine twigs contain 379.33 and 308.83 mg/100 g of PMG as the predominant phenolics, respectively, and their contents were significantly higher in spring than in autumn. Red pine twigs contain higher amounts of three dihydroflavonols (DHM: 87.82, DHQG: 38.47, and DHQ: 68.07 mg/100 g) and two lignans (LRR: 15.63, TRR: 30.72 mg/100 g) than black pine twigs, except for higher (+)-CC level (21.88 mg/100 g) in black pine twigs. Two pine twigs had much higher flavonoid and lignan levels in the autumn than they had in the spring. Two pine twigs harvested in several different areas do not significantly differ in their phenolic compositions and contents. These results suggest that red pine twigs possessing phytochemical phenolics may be useful as potential sources for promoting human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Hee Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongbuk 38430, Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Seo
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongbuk 38430, Korea
| | - Sang-Won Choi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongbuk 38430, Korea
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62
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Go MJ, Kim JM, Kang JY, Park SK, Lee CJ, Kim MJ, Lee HR, Kim TY, Joo SG, Kim DO, Heo HJ. Korean Red Pine ( Pinus densiflora) Bark Extract Attenuates Aβ-Induced Cognitive Impairment by Regulating Cholinergic Dysfunction and Neuroinflammation. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 32:1154-1167. [PMID: 36039041 PMCID: PMC9628973 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2207.07015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the anti-amnesic effect of Korean red pine (Pinus densiflora) bark extract (KRPBE) against amyloid beta1-42 (Aβ1-42)-induced neurotoxicity. We found that treatment with KRPBE improved the behavioral function in Aβ-induced mice, and also boosted the antioxidant system in mice by decreasing malondialdehyde (MDA) content, increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, and reducing glutathione (GSH) levels. In addition, KRPBE improved the cholinergic system by suppressing reduced acetylcholine (ACh) content while also activating acetylcholinesterase (AChE), regulating the expression of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), postsynaptic density protein-95 (PSD-95), and synaptophysin. KRPBE also showed an ameliorating effect on cerebral mitochondrial deficit by regulating reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and ATP levels. Moreover, KRPBE modulated the expression levels of neurotoxicity indicators Aβ and phosphorylated tau (p-tau) and inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, p-IκB-α, and IL-1β. Furthermore, we found that KRPBE improved the expression levels of neuronal apoptosis-related markers BAX and BCl-2 and increased the expression levels of BDNF and p-CREB. Therefore, this study suggests that KRPBE treatment has an anti-amnestic effect by modulating cholinergic system dysfunction and neuroinflammation in Aβ1-42-induced cognitive impairment in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ji Go
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Min Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Yong Kang
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea,Advanced Process Technology and Fermentation Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 61755, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Kyeong Park
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea,Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Jun Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea,Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ji Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Rim Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Yoon Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Gyum Joo
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Ok Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Jin Heo
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea,Corresponding author Phone: +82-55-772-1907 Fax: +82-55-772-1909 E-mail:
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63
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Ji L, Shi W, Li Y, He J, Xu G, Qin M, Guo Y, Ma Q. Systematic Identification, Fragmentation Pattern, And Metabolic Pathways of Hyperoside in Rat Plasma, Urine, And Feces by UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2022; 2022:2623018. [PMID: 36147195 PMCID: PMC9489401 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2623018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hyperoside is a natural flavonol glycoside, which has antioxidation, antitumor, and anticancer activities together with other healthy effects like improving cardiovascular function, protecting the liver, and regulating the immune system. It is a popular compound used in the traditional Chinese medicine and different studies on hyperoside are present in the literature. However, studies on the metabolism of hyperoside in vivo were not comprehensive. In this study, UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS technology was used to establish a rapid and comprehensive analysis strategy to explore the metabolites and metabolic process of hyperoside in rats. The metabolites of hyperoside were systematically identified in rat plasma, urine, and feces. According to the hyperoside standard substance and relevant works of literature, a total of 33 metabolites were identified, including 16 in plasma, 31 in urine, and 14 in feces. Among them, the metabolites quercetin and dihydroquercetin were unambiguously confirmed by comparison with standard substances. In addition, 13 metabolites had not been reported in hyperoside metabolism-related articles at present. The metabolic reactions of hyperoside in vivo were further explored, including phase I metabolism (hydroxylation, dehydroxylation, glycoside hydrolysis, hydrogenation, and hydration) and phase II metabolism (methylation, acetylation, sulfation, and glucuronide conjugation). The fragment ions of hyperoside and its metabolites were usually produced by glucoside bond hydrolysis, the neutral loss of (CO + OH), COH, CO, O, and Retro-Diels Alder (RDA) cleavage. In conclusion, this study comprehensively characterized the metabolism of hyperoside in rats, providing a basis for exploring its various biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ji
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Wenjun Shi
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yanling Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Jing He
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Guang Xu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Ming Qin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yuying Guo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Qun Ma
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
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64
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Production of Taxifolin from Astilbin by Fungal Biotransformation. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12091037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Taxifolin is known to have multiple biological functions. It has been widely used as a multifunctional food additive, and consequently, the global demand for taxifolin is increasing. The main method for taxifolin production is an extraction from larch wood, but the global resources of larch are limited. Astilbin, taxifolin-3-o-rhamnoside, is abundant in many plants and much more readily available, meaning taxifolin can be obtained by deglycosylation of astilbin. In this study, a fungal strain, Aspergillus fumigatus SQH4, was isolated from an enrichment culture of Smilax glabra rhizome to achieve the deglycosylation reaction. A culture of SQH4, adjusted to pH 6.5, with 5 g/L astilbin achieved a yield of taxifolin of 91.3% after biotransformation for 14 h at 35 °C. These findings offer an alternative method for the production of taxifolin.
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Park SM, He YC, Gong C, Gao W, Bae YS, Si C, Park KH, Choi SE. Effects of taxifolin from enzymatic hydrolysis of Rhododendron mucrotulatum on hair growth promotion. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:995238. [PMID: 36159701 PMCID: PMC9492874 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.995238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoid aglycones possess biological activities, such as antioxidant and antidiabetic activities compared to glycosides. Taxifolin, a flavonoid aglycones, is detected only in trace amounts in nature and is not easily observed. Therefore, in this study, to investigate the hair tonic and hair loss inhibitors effect of taxifolin, high content of taxifolin aglycone extract was prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis. Taxifolin effectively regulates the apoptosis of dermal papilla cells, which is associated with hair loss, based on its strong antioxidant activities. However, inhibition of dihydrotestosterone (DHT), which is a major cause of male pattern hair loss, was significantly reduced with taxifolin treatment compared with minoxidil, as a positive control. It was also confirmed that a representative factor for promoting hair growth, IGF-1, was significantly increased, and that TGF-β1, a representative biomarker for hair loss, was significantly reduced with taxifolin treatment. These results suggest that taxifolin from enzymatic hydrolysis of RM is a potential treatment for hair loss and a hair growth enhancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Min Park
- Department of Forest Biomaterials Engineering, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Kangwon, South Korea
| | - Yi-Chang He
- Key Lab of Agricultural Resources and Ecology of Poyang Lake Basin, College of Land Resources and Environment, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chun Gong
- Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Young-Soo Bae
- Department of Forest Biomaterials Engineering, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Kangwon, South Korea
- Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chuanling Si
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Kwang-Hyun Park
- Department of Emergency Medicine and BioMedical Science Graduate Program (BMSGP), Chonnam National University, Hwasun, South Korea
- Department of Emergency Medical Rescue, Nambu University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Sun-Eun Choi
- Department of Forest Biomaterials Engineering, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Kangwon, South Korea
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66
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Zhang X, Lian X, Li H, Zhao W, Li X, Zhou F, Zhou Y, Cui T, Wang Y, Liu C. Taxifolin attenuates inflammation via suppressing MAPK signal pathway in vitro and in silico analysis. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2022; 14:554-562. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2021.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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67
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Miclea I. Secondary Metabolites with Biomedical Applications from Plants of the Sarraceniaceae Family. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:9877. [PMID: 36077275 PMCID: PMC9456395 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Carnivorous plants have fascinated researchers and hobbyists for centuries because of their mode of nutrition which is unlike that of other plants. They are able to produce bioactive compounds used to attract, capture and digest prey but also as a defense mechanism against microorganisms and free radicals. The main purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the secondary metabolites with significant biological activity found in the Sarraceniaceae family. The review also underlines the necessity of future studies for the biochemical characterization of the less investigated species. Darlingtonia, Heliamphora and Sarracenia plants are rich in compounds with potential pharmaceutical and medical uses. These belong to several classes such as flavonoids, with flavonol glycosides being the most abundant, monoterpenes, triterpenes, sesquiterpenes, fatty acids, alkaloids and others. Some of them are well characterized in terms of chemical properties and biological activity and have widespread commercial applications. The review also discusses biological activity of whole extracts and commercially available products derived from Sarraceniaceae plants. In conclusion, this review underscores that Sarraceniaceae species contain numerous substances with the potential to advance health. Future perspectives should focus on the discovery of new molecules and increasing the production of known compounds using biotechnological methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ileana Miclea
- Department of Fundamental Sciences, Faculty of Animal Science and Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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68
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Taxifolin ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction via attenuating NF-kappa B/MLCK pathway in a Caco-2 cell monolayer model. Food Res Int 2022; 158:111502. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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69
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Ding Q, Chen K, Liu X, Ding C, Zhao Y, Sun S, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Liu S, Liu W. Modification of taxifolin particles with an enteric coating material promotes repair of acute liver injury in mice through modulation of inflammation and autophagy signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 152:113242. [PMID: 35691160 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Taxifolin (TAX) is a flavanol compound with hepatoprotective effect, but its application is severely limited by its poor water solubility and low oral bioavailability. Therefore, it is important to urgently find a method to improve the oral bioavailability of TAX. METHODS In this study, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate succinate modified taxifolin liposomes (HPMCAS-TAX-Lips) were prepared by a thin-film dispersion method, and a series of physicochemical properties of the liposomes were studied. The cumulative in vitro release rates of free TAX, taxifolin liposomes (TAX-Lips), and HPMCAS-TAX-Lips in the simulated gastrointestinal fluid were measured by in vitro release experiments, and the effect of HPMCAS-TAX-Lips on the human hepatoellular carcinomas (HepG2) cells was detected by MTT assay. Finally, the hepatoprotective mechanism of HPMCAS-TAX-Lips was explored through in vivo experiments. RESULTS The results showed that the particle size of HPMCAS-TAX-Lips was 100.44 ± 2.85 nm, the zeta potential was - 51.13 ± 0.57 mV, the PDI was 0.170 ± 0.088, and the EE was 87.9 ± 3.73%. The in vitro release results showed that the cumulative release rates of TAX-Lips and HPMCAS-TAX-Lips in simulated gastric fluid for 24 h were 92.60 ± 5.31% and 66.91 ± 1.20%, respectively. The cumulative release rates in simulated intestinal fluid for 24 h were 72.61 ± 4.38% and 53.94 ± 3.2%, respectively. The results of cytotoxicity experiments proved that HPMCAS-TAX-Lips had a significant inhibitory effect on HepG2 cells. In vivo experiments further showed that HPMCAS-TAX-Lips significantly improved the survival rate of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/D-galactosamine (D-GalN)-induced acute liver injury mice and exerted hepatoprotective effects by regulating the expression of autophagy proteins and inhibiting the activation of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway. CONCLUSION This study proved the significant hepatoprotective effect of HMPCAS-TAX-Lips and provided a new idea for the application of TAX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiteng Ding
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, 130118 Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Kecheng Chen
- Starsky Medical Research Center, 136001 Siping, Jilin, China
| | - Xinglong Liu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, 130118 Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Chuanbo Ding
- Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology College, Jilin, China
| | - Yingchun Zhao
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, 130118 Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Shuwen Sun
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, 130118 Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, 130118 Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jinping Zhang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, 130118 Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Goldenwell Biotech, Inc, 50 West Liberty Street, Suite 880, Reno , NV 89501 USA.
| | - Wencong Liu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, 130118 Changchun, Jilin, China.
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70
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Verma J, Hasan A, Sunil S, Subbarao N. In silico identification and in vitro antiviral validation of potential inhibitors against Chikungunya virus. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2022; 36:521-536. [PMID: 35789450 DOI: 10.1007/s10822-022-00463-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) has become endemic in the Africa, Asia and Indian subcontinent, with its continuous re-emergence causing a significant public health crisis. The unavailability of specific antivirals and vaccines against the virus has highlighted an urgent need for novel therapeutics. In the present study, we have identified small molecule inhibitors targeting the envelope proteins of the CHIKV to interfere with the fusion process, eventually inhibiting the cell entry of the virus particles. We employed high throughput computational screening of large datasets against two different binding sites in the E1-E2 dimer to identify potential candidate inhibitors. Among them, four high affinity inhibitors were selected to confirm their anti-CHIKV activity in the in vitro assay. Quercetin derivatives, Taxifolin and Rutin, binds to the E1-E2 dimer at different sites and display inhibition of CHIKV infection with EC50 values 3.6 μM and 87.67 μM, respectively. Another potential inhibitor with ID ChemDiv 8015-3006 binds at both the target sites and shows anti-CHIKV activity at EC50 = 41 μM. The results show dose-dependent inhibitory effects of Taxifolin, Rutin and ChemDiv 8015-3006 against the CHIKV with minimal cytotoxicity. In addition, molecular dynamics studies revealed the structural stability of these inhibitors at their respective binding sites in the E1-E2 protein. In conclusion, our study reports Taxifolin, Rutin and ChemDiv 8015-3006 as potential inhibitors of the CHIKV entry. Also, this study suggests a few potential candidate inhibitors which could serve as a template to design envelope protein specific CHIKV entry inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Verma
- School of Computational and Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Abdul Hasan
- Vector Borne Diseases Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Sujatha Sunil
- Vector Borne Diseases Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
| | - Naidu Subbarao
- School of Computational and Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India.
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71
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Boshkayeva AK, Omarova RA, Ordabayeva SK, Serikbayeva AD, Umurzakhova GG, Massakbayev AJ. Modeling of the Structure and Forecasting Properties of Dihydroquercetin Derivatives. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2022; 48:52-57. [PMID: 35748812 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2022.2094398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To study new chemical compounds with the potential cure proper, and to develop modifications of the preferred structure of dihydroquercetin. BACKGROUND Producing of the new drugs needs the study of the cure properties of the chemical composes first of all, and computer modeling can make this process more informative and easily. OBJECTIVE Computer projection of the chemical compounds potential cure properties. METHODS The reactivity of the studied models was evaluated by comparing the energies of the boundary molecular orbitals (HOMO and LUMO), as well as the difference in their values. The reaction center of the model molecules was determined via the analysis of the charge characteristics on atoms in each of them. RESULTS A theoretical model of new chemical compounds with the potential properties of drugs was substantiated and modifications of the preferred structure of dihydroquercetin have been developed. The concept of new compounds has been expanded and opportunities for the modification of compounds with high pharmacological activity have been discussed. Using the AM1, PM3, RM1 methods spatial characteristics were calculated. The results of quantum-chemical studies of model derivatives of dihydroquercetin via the RM1 method were carried out. CONCLUSIONS Calculation of the enthalpies of formation of model molecules allowed evaluating their thermodynamic stability. An analysis of the electric dipole moments made a possibility determining the preferred (polar) nature of the solvents for the studied model molecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Boshkayeva
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, Pharmacognosy and Botany, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - R A Omarova
- Department of engineering disciplines, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - S K Ordabayeva
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, South Kazakhstan Medical Academy JSC, Shymkent, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - A D Serikbayeva
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, South Kazakhstan Medical Academy JSC, Shymkent, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - G G Umurzakhova
- Department of Organization and Management of Pharmaceutical Affairs, South Kazakhstan Medical Academy JSC, Shymkent, Republic of Kazakhstan
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Piao MH, Wang H, Jiang YJ, Wu YL, Nan JX, Lian LH. Taxifolin blocks monosodium urate crystal-induced gouty inflammation by regulating phagocytosis and autophagy. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:1335-1349. [PMID: 35708797 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-01014-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Gout is a chronic disease caused by monosodium urate (MSU) crystal deposition in the joints and surrounding tissues. We examined the effects of Taxifolin, a natural flavonoid mainly existing in vegetables and fruits, on MSU-induced gout. Pretreatment with Taxifolin significantly reduced IL-1β, Caspase-1 and HMGB1 levels, upregulation of autophagy-related protein, LC3, as well as improved phagocytosis of macrophages. This study indicated that Taxifolin-attenuated inflammatory response in MSU-induced acute gout model by decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokine production and promoting the autophagy and phagocytic capacity of macrophages. Dietary supplementation with Taxifolin induces the autophagy and attenuated inflammatory response, which in consequence modulates acute gout. A preventive strategy combining dietary interventions with Taxifolin may offer a potential therapeutic alternative to pharmacological treatment to reduce inflammatory response to gout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Hua Piao
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine Research (Yanbian University) of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China.,Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine Research (Yanbian University) of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China.,Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Yin-Jing Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine Research (Yanbian University) of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China.,Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Yan-Ling Wu
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine Research (Yanbian University) of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China.,Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China.,Interdisciplinary of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Ji-Xing Nan
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine Research (Yanbian University) of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China. .,Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China. .,Interdisciplinary of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China.
| | - Li-Hua Lian
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine Research (Yanbian University) of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China. .,Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China. .,Interdisciplinary of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China.
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73
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Batista JVC, Uecker A, Holandino C, Boylan F, Maier J, Huwyler J, Baumgartner S. A Scoping Review on the Therapeutic Potential of Resin From the Species Larix decidua Mill. [Pinaceae] to Treat Ulcerating Wounds. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:895838. [PMID: 35721139 PMCID: PMC9204203 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.895838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant ulcerating wounds or neoplastic lesions are a considerable burden for patients suffering from advanced cancer. These wounds have no effective treatment and are very difficult to manage. The present review summarizes evidence in support of a hypothesis put forward in anthroposophic medicine, which suggests a beneficial role of resin from the species Larix decidua Mill. [Pinaceae] for treating such wounds. A systematic search strategy was performed using the databases PubMed, EMBASE and SciFinder. The included publications described the chemical composition of this species, as well as in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo experiments using plant extracts and isolated compounds. The results show that among the phytochemical classes, terpenoids were the major components of this species, especially in the resin. The summarized biological experiments revealed antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, with promising potential for the extracts and isolated compounds. However, the molecular mechanisms and toxicological effects are as of yet not conclusively evaluated. From the data of our study, we can conclude that L. decidua might indeed have a promising potential for the treatment of malignant wounds, but definitive information that can prove its effectiveness is still lacking. We therefore suggest that future efforts should be dedicated to the evaluation of L. decidua resin's therapeutic use considering its antiseptic action and proposed wound healing properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- João V. C. Batista
- Hiscia Institute, Society for Cancer Research, Arlesheim, Switzerland
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Annekathrin Uecker
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, University of Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
| | - Carla Holandino
- Departamento de Fármacos e Medicamentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fabio Boylan
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jakob Maier
- Hiscia Institute, Society for Cancer Research, Arlesheim, Switzerland
| | - Jörg Huwyler
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Baumgartner
- Hiscia Institute, Society for Cancer Research, Arlesheim, Switzerland
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, University of Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
- Institute of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Stephan Baumgartner,
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74
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Okkay U, Ferah Okkay I, Cicek B, Aydin IC, Ozkaraca M. Hepatoprotective and neuroprotective effect of taxifolin on hepatic encephalopathy in rats. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 37:1541-1556. [PMID: 35298730 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-00952-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This study was planned to assess the potential protective effects of taxifolin against thioacetamide-induced hepatic encephalopathy and subsequently to portray its behavioural results. The experimental model was induced with three doses of (200 mg/kg i.p.) thioacetamide and taxifolin (50 and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) was administered for fourteen days. Taxifolin effectively attenuated hepatic encephalopathy through decrease in AST, ALT, ALP and LDH concentrations and improvement of hyperammonemia, and increase in antioxidant capacity by decreasing MDA, ROS, and increasing CAT and GSH. In addition, the expressions of NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β, caspase-3 and Bax was down-regulated while IL-10 and Bcl-2 expressions were up-regulated with taxifolin treatment. The recovery was confirmed by downregulation of iNOS and 8-OHdG expressions in our immunohistochemical analysis. Taxifolin treatment reduced the disrupting role of thioacetamide as seen by corrected hyperammonemia as well as preservation of astrocyte and hepatocyte structure. Elevated plus maze and locomotor activity tests also proved that taxifolin might repeal the neurobehavioral disabilities. In conclusion, taxifolin has shown hepatoprotective and neuroprotective roles with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, as well as suppressing the excessive release of ammonia, and it eventually reversed neurobehavioral impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ufuk Okkay
- Medical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, 25100, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Irmak Ferah Okkay
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Betul Cicek
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Ismail Cagri Aydin
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Ozkaraca
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
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75
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Grumixama (Eugenia brasiliensis Lamarck) functional phytochemicals: Effect of environmental conditions and ripening process. Food Res Int 2022; 157:111460. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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76
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Li Y, Su H, Yin ZP, Li JE, Yuan E, Zhang QF. Metabolism, tissue distribution and excretion of taxifolin in rat. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 150:112959. [PMID: 35430392 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The metabolism, tissue distribution and excretion of taxifolin in rat after oral administration of taxifolin encapsulated zein-caseinate Nanoparticles (TZP) were studied. The isomerization of taxifolin in rat small intestine and colon was found. Besides isomers, 16 metabolites of taxifolin were identified in rat feces, plasma and urine by UPLC-QTOF-MS. In colon, taxifolin underwent the metabolism of hydration, dehydration and ring-fission through the gut microflora. The main metabolites of taxifolin found in plasma and urine were its sulfated, glucuronidated, and/or methylated products. The dynamic variation of taxifolin and its metabolites in tissues and urine were quantified by UPLC-QqQ-MS/MS. Taxifolin and its metabolites could be quickly absorbed and distributed in the tissues, and relatively low concentrations were found in the heart and brain. The feces excretion of taxifolin was determined by HPLC. The total excretion during 24 h was 2.83 ± 0.80% to its given does, and the maximum excretion was found during 8-10 h post administration. Compared with feces, the excretion of taxifolin and its metabolites in urine was much faster, and the total excretion was 1.96 ± 0.23% during 12 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Hang Su
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Zhong-Ping Yin
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Jing-En Li
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - En Yuan
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Qing-Feng Zhang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
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77
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Ding Q, Liu W, Liu X, Ding C, Zhao Y, Dong L, Chen H, Sun S, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Wu M. Polyvinylpyrrolidone-Modified Taxifolin Liposomes Promote Liver Repair by Modulating Autophagy to Inhibit Activation of the TLR4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:860515. [PMID: 35721857 PMCID: PMC9199375 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.860515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Taxifolin (TAX) is a hepatoprotective flavanol compound, which is severely limited by poor solubility and low bioavailability. Liposomes (Lips) are used as well-recognized drug carrier systems that improve the water solubility and bioavailability of drugs, but are easily damaged by gastric juice after oral administration, resulting in the release of drugs in the gastric juice. Therefore, it is important to find materials that modify liposomes and avoid the destruction of the liposomal phospholipid bilayer structure by the gastrointestinal environment. Taxifolin liposomes (TAX-Lips) were modified by polyvinylpyrrolidone-k30 (PVP-TAX-Lips) and manufactured using a thin-film hydration technique. Particle size (109.27 ± 0.50 nm), zeta potential (−51.12 ± 3.79 mV), polydispersity coefficient (PDI) (0.189 ± 0.007), and EE (84.7 ± 0.2%) of PVP-TAX-Lips were studied. In addition, the results of in vitro release experiments indicated that the cumulative release rates of TAX-Lips and PVP-TAX-Lips were 89.73 ± 5.18% and 65.66 ± 4.86% in the simulated gastric fluid after 24 h, respectively, while the cumulative release rates were 68.20 ± 4.98% and 55.66 ± 3.92% in the simulated intestinal fluid after 24 h, respectively. Moreover, PVP-TAX-Lips were able to reverse lipopolysaccharide and D-galactosamine (LPS/D-GalN)-induced acute liver injury (ALI) by inducing autophagy to inhibit the expression levels of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway and inflammatory factors, which suggested that PVP-TAX-Lips played an important role in the prevention of ALI and also provided a promising drug delivery system for the application of TAX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiteng Ding
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, China
| | - Wencong Liu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, China
| | - Xinglong Liu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, China
| | - Chuanbo Ding
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, China
| | - Yingchun Zhao
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, China
| | - Ling Dong
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, China
| | - Huiying Chen
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, China
| | - Shuwen Sun
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, China
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, China
| | - Jinping Zhang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, China
| | - Ming Wu
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, China
- *Correspondence: Ming Wu,
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78
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Sukhovskaya IV, Kantserova NP, Lysenko LA, Morozov AA. Taxifolin Modulates Transcriptomic Response to Heat Stress in Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12101321. [PMID: 35625167 PMCID: PMC9137817 DOI: 10.3390/ani12101321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Taxifolin is a natural flavonoid known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative effects on animals. In this work, we have studied the effect of this compound on rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, a major object of aquaculture, under slowly increasing ambient temperature and Gyrodactylus flatworm infection. Transcriptomic profiling of liver samples performed by using the Illumina HiSeq 2500 sequencing platform shows that a combined taxifolin/heat treatment, unlike heat treatment alone, downregulates the production of isopentenyl diphosphate, likely affecting the production of cholesterol and other sterols. Taxifolin treatment also modulates multiple apoptosis regulators and affects the expression of HSPs in response to increasing temperature. On the other hand, the expression of antioxidant enzymes in response to heat is not significantly affected by taxifolin. As for the Gyrodactylus infection, the parasite load is not affected by taxifolin treatment, although it was lower in the high-temperature group. Parasite load also did not induce a statistically significant transcriptomic response within the no heat/no taxifolin group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina V. Sukhovskaya
- Institute of Biology of the Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IB KarRC RAS), 11 Pushkinskaya Street, 185910 Petrozavodsk, Russia; (I.V.S.); (L.A.L.)
| | - Nadezhda P. Kantserova
- Institute of Biology of the Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IB KarRC RAS), 11 Pushkinskaya Street, 185910 Petrozavodsk, Russia; (I.V.S.); (L.A.L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Liudmila A. Lysenko
- Institute of Biology of the Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IB KarRC RAS), 11 Pushkinskaya Street, 185910 Petrozavodsk, Russia; (I.V.S.); (L.A.L.)
| | - Alexey A. Morozov
- Limnological Institute of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (LIN SB RAS), 3 Ulan-Batorskaya Street, 664033 Irkutsk, Russia;
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79
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Tan Z, Halter B, Liu D, Gilbert ER, Cline MA. Dietary Flavonoids as Modulators of Lipid Metabolism in Poultry. Front Physiol 2022; 13:863860. [PMID: 35547590 PMCID: PMC9081441 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.863860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids, naturally-occurring compounds with multiple phenolic structures, are the most widely distributed phytochemicals in the plant kingdom, and are mainly found in vegetables, fruits, grains, roots, herbs, and tea and red wine products. Flavonoids have health-promoting effects and are indispensable compounds in nutritional and pharmaceutical (i.e., nutraceutical) applications. Among the demonstrated bioactive effects of flavonoids are anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-microbial in a range of research models. Through dietary formulation strategies, numerous flavonoids provide the ability to support bird health while improving the nutritional quality of poultry meat and eggs by changing the profile of fatty acids and reducing cholesterol content. A number of such compounds have been shown to inhibit adipogenesis, and promote lipolysis and apoptosis in adipose tissue cells, and thereby have the potential to affect fat accretion in poultry at various ages and stages of production. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties contribute to animal health by preventing free radical damage in tissues and ameliorating inflammation in adipose tissue, which are concerns in broiler breeders and laying hens. In this review, we summarize the progress in understanding the effects of dietary flavonoids on lipid metabolism and fat deposition in poultry, and discuss the associated physiological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhendong Tan
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Bailey Halter
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Dongmin Liu
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | | | - Mark A Cline
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Blacksburg, VA, United States
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80
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Lin JN, Wang JS, Lin CC, Lin HY, Yu SH, Wen YH, Tseng GF, Hsu CJ, Wu HP. Ameliorative effect of taxifolin on gentamicin-induced ototoxicity via down-regulation of apoptotic pathways in mouse cochlear UB/OC-2 cells. J Chin Med Assoc 2022; 85:617-626. [PMID: 35286283 DOI: 10.1097/jcma.0000000000000708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Taxifolin is a flavanonol with efficacious cytoprotective properties, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, hepatoprotective, and nephroprotective effects. However, the potential protective effects of taxifolin against gentamicin-induced ototoxicity have not been confirmed. In this study, the possible mechanisms underlying the effects of taxifolin on gentamicin-induced death of UB/OC-2 cochlear cells were investigated. METHODS Mouse cochlear UB/OC-2 cells with or without taxifolin pretreatment were exposed to gentamicin, and the effects on cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mitochondrial permeability transition, and apoptotic marker expression were examined using biochemical techniques, flow cytometry, western blotting, and fluorescent staining. RESULTS Little or no apparent effect of taxifolin on cell viability was observed at concentrations less than 40 μM. Further investigations showed that gentamicin significantly inhibited cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner. Pretreatment with taxifolin attenuated gentamicin-induced lactate dehydrogenase release, as well as cellular cytotoxicity. In addition, taxifolin significantly prevented gentamicin-induced cell damage by decreasing ROS production, stabilizing mitochondrial membrane potential, and downregulating the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis. CONCLUSION In summary, pretreatment with taxifolin is effective for mitigating gentamicin-induced apoptotic cell death mediated by the mitochondrial pathway. Our data suggest that taxifolin provides a new approach to combat gentamicin-induced ototoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ni Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jen-Shu Wang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chung-Ching Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hui-Yi Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Szu-Hui Yu
- Department of Music, Tainan University of Technology, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Hsuan Wen
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Guo-Fang Tseng
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Anatomy, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chuan-Jen Hsu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hung-Pin Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
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81
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Zhang Y, Zhan L, Wen Q, Feng Y, Luo Y, Tan T. Trapping Methylglyoxal by Taxifolin and Its Metabolites in Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:5026-5038. [PMID: 35420027 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c02189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Trapping of methylglyoxal (MGO), an important precursor of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), is considered an effective therapy for alleviating AGE-induced chronic metabolic diseases. In this paper, taxifolin (Tax) was first found to effectively trap MGO by forming mono- and di-MGO adducts under in vitro conditions. In addition, the mechanism of trapping MGO by Tax was also studied in vivo. Tax was demonstrated to efficiently trap endogenous MGO via formation of mono-MGO adducts in urine and fecal samples of C57BL/6J mice after oral administration of Tax and MGO. Mono-MGO adducts of Tax metabolites, including methylated Tax, aromadendrin, quercetin, and isorhamnetin, were identified in C57BL/6J mice urine and fecal samples by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS). One mono-MGO-Tax was purified from the in vitro reaction mixture, and its structure was elucidated as 6-MGO-Tax based on the analysis of UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS and detailed nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data. Quantification studies demonstrated that Tax and its metabolites trapped MGO in a dose-dependent manner in C57BL/6J mice urine and fecal samples. Furthermore, we also detected mono-MGO adducts of Tax and methylated Tax in urine and fecal samples of diabetic db/db mice after oral administration of Tax. Taken together, our results demonstrated that dietary Tax has the potential to detoxify MGO and treat AGE-associated chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Zhang
- The National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Yangming Road 56, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lanlan Zhan
- The National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Yangming Road 56, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Quan Wen
- The National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Yangming Road 56, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yulin Feng
- The National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Yangming Road 56, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yun Luo
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Meiling Road 1688, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Ting Tan
- The National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Yangming Road 56, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
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82
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Quero J, Ballesteros LF, Ferreira-Santos P, Velderrain-Rodriguez GR, Rocha CMR, Pereira RN, Teixeira JA, Martin-Belloso O, Osada J, Rodríguez-Yoldi MJ. Unveiling the Antioxidant Therapeutic Functionality of Sustainable Olive Pomace Active Ingredients. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050828. [PMID: 35624692 PMCID: PMC9137791 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Olive pomace (OP) is the main residue that results from olive oil production. OP is rich in bioactive compounds, including polyphenols, so its use in the treatments of diseases related to oxidative stress, such as cancer, could be considered. The present work aimed to study the biological properties of different OP extracts, obtained by ohmic heating-assisted extraction and conventional heating, using water and 50% ethanol, in the treatment and prevention of colorectal cancer through Caco-2 cell models. Additionally, an in-silico analysis was performed to identify the phenolic intestinal absorption and Caco-2 permeability. The extracts were chemically characterized, and it was found that the Ohmic-hydroethanolic (OH-EtOH) extract had the highest antiproliferative effect, probably due to its higher content of phenolic compounds. The OH-EtOH induced potential modifications in the mitochondrial membrane and led to apoptosis by cell cycle arrest in the G1/S phases with activation of p53 and caspase 3 proteins. In addition, this extract protected the intestine against oxidative stress (ROS) caused by H2O2. Therefore, the bioactive compounds present in OP and recovered by applying a green technology such as ohmic-heating, show promising potential to be used in food, nutraceutical, and biomedical applications, reducing this waste and facilitating the circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Quero
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Forensic and Legal Medicine Veterinary Faculty, University of Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - Lina F. Ballesteros
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (L.F.B.); (P.F.-S.); (C.M.R.R.); (R.N.P.); (J.A.T.)
- LABBELS–Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Pedro Ferreira-Santos
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (L.F.B.); (P.F.-S.); (C.M.R.R.); (R.N.P.); (J.A.T.)
- LABBELS–Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Gustavo R. Velderrain-Rodriguez
- Alianza Latinoamericana de Nutricion Responsable Inc., 400 E Randolph St Suite 2305, Chicago, IL 60611, USA;
- Department of Food Technology, University of Lleida-Agrotecnio Center, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain;
| | - Cristina M. R. Rocha
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (L.F.B.); (P.F.-S.); (C.M.R.R.); (R.N.P.); (J.A.T.)
- LABBELS–Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Ricardo N. Pereira
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (L.F.B.); (P.F.-S.); (C.M.R.R.); (R.N.P.); (J.A.T.)
- LABBELS–Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - José A. Teixeira
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (L.F.B.); (P.F.-S.); (C.M.R.R.); (R.N.P.); (J.A.T.)
- LABBELS–Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Olga Martin-Belloso
- Department of Food Technology, University of Lleida-Agrotecnio Center, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain;
| | - Jesús Osada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain;
- CIBERobn, ISCIII, 28029 Madrtid, Spain
- IIS Aragón, IA2, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - María Jesús Rodríguez-Yoldi
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Forensic and Legal Medicine Veterinary Faculty, University of Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain;
- CIBERobn, ISCIII, 28029 Madrtid, Spain
- IIS Aragón, IA2, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-976-761649
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Yang D, Zhang QF. The natural source, physicochemical properties, biological activities and metabolism of astilbin. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:9506-9518. [PMID: 35442837 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2065661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Astilbin is a dihydroflavanol found in many plants and processed foods. Astilbin possesses multiple health-beneficial bioactivities and has received great attention. Hence, the natural source, physicochemical properties, biological activities and metabolism of astilbin are summarized in the present article. Engelhardia roxburghiana Wall. and Smilax glabra Roxb. are the main resource for astilbin purification because of high content. Because of chemical instability, astilbin amount in foods is dependent on the processing and storage conditions. The degradation of astilbin includes isomerization and decomposition. The interconversion of astilbin and its isomers occurs through a chalcone intermediates, which significantly affects the taste of wine during storage. Many factors such as temperature, pH, metal ions and food additives could affect the chemical stability of astilbin. Astilbin exhibits very novel selective immunosuppressive activity, which is not found in other compounds. The rhamnose moiety of astilbin is essential for this bioactivity. After digestion, astilbin was mainly absorbed and transported in circulatory blood in its intact form, and only one metabolite, 3'-O-methylastilbin, was found. Although having many bioactivities, astilbin faces the challenge of poor bioavailability. Some promising strategies were developed for improving its bioavailability, particularly through fabrication the zein nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qing-Feng Zhang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
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84
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Lin ES, Huang YH, Luo RH, Basharat Z, Huang CY. Crystal Structure of an SSB Protein from Salmonella enterica and Its Inhibition by Flavanonol Taxifolin. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084399. [PMID: 35457218 PMCID: PMC9029707 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Single-stranded DNA (ssDNA)-binding proteins (SSBs) play a central role in cells by participating in DNA metabolism, including replication, repair, recombination, and replication fork restart. SSBs are essential for cell survival and thus an attractive target for potential anti-pathogen chemotherapy. In this study, we determined the crystal structure and examined the size of the ssDNA-binding site of an SSB from Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium LT2 (SeSSB), a ubiquitous opportunistic pathogen which is highly resistant to antibiotics. The crystal structure was solved at a resolution of 2.8 Å (PDB ID 7F25), indicating that the SeSSB monomer possesses an oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide-binding (OB) fold domain at its N-terminus and a flexible tail at its C-terminus. The core of the OB-fold in the SeSSB is made of a six-stranded β-barrel capped by an α-helix. The crystal structure of the SeSSB contained two monomers per asymmetric unit, which may indicate the formation of a dimer. However, the gel-filtration chromatography analysis showed that the SeSSB forms a tetramer in solution. Through an electrophoretic mobility shift analysis, we characterized the stoichiometry of the SeSSB complexed with a series of ssDNA dA homopolymers, and the size of the ssDNA-binding site was determined to be around 22 nt. We also found the flavanonol taxifolin, also known as dihydroquercetin, capable of inhibiting the ssDNA-binding activity of the SeSSB. Thus, this result extended the SSB interactome to include taxifolin, a natural product with a wide range of promising pharmacological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- En-Shyh Lin
- Department of Beauty Science, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, No. 193, Sec.1, San min Rd., Taichung City 403, Taiwan;
| | - Yen-Hua Huang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec.1, Chien-Kuo N. Rd., Taichung City 402, Taiwan; (Y.-H.H.); (R.-H.L.)
| | - Ren-Hong Luo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec.1, Chien-Kuo N. Rd., Taichung City 402, Taiwan; (Y.-H.H.); (R.-H.L.)
| | - Zarrin Basharat
- Jamil–ur–Rahman Center for Genome Research, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan;
| | - Cheng-Yang Huang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec.1, Chien-Kuo N. Rd., Taichung City 402, Taiwan; (Y.-H.H.); (R.-H.L.)
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, No. 110, Sec.1, Chien-Kuo N. Rd., Taichung City 402, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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85
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Seong EH, Gong DS, Shiwakoti S, Adhikari D, Kim HJ, Oak MH. Taxifolin as a Major Bioactive Compound in the Vasorelaxant Effect of Different Pigmented Rice Bran Extracts. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:799064. [PMID: 35387354 PMCID: PMC8979019 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.799064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in recent years. The intake of polyphenol rich diets has been associated with improved cardiovascular function and reduced cardiovascular risks. Oryza sativa L. is one of the most common cereals worldwide. Rice bran, a byproduct of the rice milling process, contains many bioactive ingredients, including polyphenols, polysaccharides, proteins, and micronutrients. It is also consumed as a healthy diet in the form of rice bran oil and powder in many Asian countries like Japan, South Korea, and India for its several health benefits as a natural antioxidant. Thus, this study evaluated the vasorelaxant effect of ethanolic extracts of brown, green, red, and black rice bran and investigated its underlying vasorelaxant mechanism. Among the four rice bran extracts (RBEs) examined, the red rice bran extract (RRBE) had a strong endothelium-dependent vasorelaxant effect, which was markedly prevented by N-ω-nitro-L-arginine [endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) inhibitor], wortmannin [phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) inhibitor], and 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazole[4,3-alpha]quinoxalin-1-one (inhibitor of guanylate cyclase). Likewise, RRBE induced the phosphorylation of eNOS and Src in cultured endothelial cells, thereby stimulating NO formation. Altogether, these findings propose that RRBE induces endothelium-dependent relaxation, involving at least in part, NO-mediated signaling through the PI3K/eNOS pathway. Further, LC-PDA analysis conducted on the four RBEs also revealed that RRBE highly contained taxifolin, which is an active flavanonol that induces endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation, compared to other RBEs. Subsequently, the underlying mechanism of taxifolin was assessed through vascular reactivity studies with pharmacological inhibitors similar to that of RRBE. These findings deciphered a distinct difference in vasorelaxant effects between RRBE and the other RBEs. We also observed that RRBE induced a potent endothelium-dependent NO-mediated relaxation in coronary artery rings, which involved the Src/PI3K pathway that activates eNOS. Additionally, taxifolin exhibited, at least in part, similar vasoprotective effects of RRBE. Therefore, we propose that RRBE may serve as natural sources of functional phytochemicals that improve cardiovascular diseases associated with disturbed NO production and endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Hee Seong
- College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Mokpo, South Korea
| | - Dal-Seong Gong
- College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Mokpo, South Korea
| | - Saugat Shiwakoti
- College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Mokpo, South Korea
| | - Deepak Adhikari
- College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Mokpo, South Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Mokpo, South Korea
| | - Min-Ho Oak
- College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Mokpo, South Korea
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86
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Valorization of Onion Waste by Obtaining Extracts Rich in Phenolic Compounds and Feasibility of Its Therapeutic Use on Colon Cancer. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040733. [PMID: 35453418 PMCID: PMC9032738 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the total phenolic content, the antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of onion waste extracts were characterized. Some phenolic compounds present in the extracts were also identified and quantified by HPLC-DAD. Additionally, an in-silico analysis was performed to identify the phenolic compounds with the highest intestinal absorption and Caco-2 permeability. The onion extract possessed a high amount of phenolic compounds (177 ± 9 mg/g extract) and had an effective antioxidant capacity measured by ABTS, FRAP and DPPH assays. Regarding the antiproliferative activity, the onion extracts produced cell cycle arrest in the S phase with p53 activation, intrinsic apoptosis (mitochondrial membrane potential modification) and caspase 3 activation. Likewise, onion waste increased intracellular ROS with possible NF-kB activation causing a proteasome down regulation. In addition, the extracts protected the intestine against oxidative stress induced by H2O2. According to the in-silico analysis, these results could be related to the higher Caco-2 permeability to protocatechuic acid. Therefore, this study provides new insights regarding the potential use of these types of extract as functional ingredients with antioxidant and antiproliferative properties and as medicinal agents in diseases related to oxidative stress, such as cancer. In addition, its valorization would contribute to the circular economy.
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87
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Thuan NH, Shrestha A, Trung NT, Tatipamula VB, Van Cuong D, Canh NX, Van Giang N, Kim TS, Sohng JK, Dhakal D. Advances in biochemistry and the biotechnological production of taxifolin and its derivatives. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2022; 69:848-861. [PMID: 33797804 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Taxifolin (dihydroquercetin) and its derivatives are medicinally important flavanonols with a wide distribution in plants. These compounds have been isolated from various plants, such as milk thistle, onions, french maritime, and tamarind. In general, they are commercially generated in semisynthetic forms. Taxifolin and related compounds are biosynthesized via the phenylpropanoid pathway, and most of the biosynthetic steps have been functionally characterized. The knowledge gained through the detailed investigation of their biosynthesis has provided the foundation for the reconstruction of biosynthetic pathways. Plant- and microbial-based platforms are utilized for the expression of such pathways for generating taxifolin-related compounds, either by whole-cell biotransformation or through reconfiguration of the genetic circuits. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the biotechnological production of taxifolin and its derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Huy Thuan
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Anil Shrestha
- Combinatorial Biosynthesis National Research Laboratory, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nguyen Thanh Trung
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | | | - Duong Van Cuong
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Thainguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry, Thainguyen, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Xuan Canh
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Gialam, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Van Giang
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Gialam, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tae-Su Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Biotechnology, SunMoon University, Asan-si, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Sohng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Biotechnology, SunMoon University, Asan-si, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Dipesh Dhakal
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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88
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Su H, Wang WJ, Zheng GD, Yin ZP, Li JE, Chen LL, Zhang QF. The anti-obesity and gut microbiota modulating effects of taxifolin in C57BL/6J mice fed with a high-fat diet. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:1598-1608. [PMID: 34409603 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Taxifolin is a natural dihydroflavonol found in many plants and health products. In the present study, its anti-obesity and gut microbiota modulating effects were studied. C57BL/6J mice were fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) supplemented with taxifolin (0, 0.5 and 1 mg mL-1 , respectively) in drinking water for 15 weeks. RESULTS Taxifolin supplementation showed no influence on food and water intake. However, it decreased body weight gain, inhibited fat accumulation, and decreased total cholesterol and triacylglycerol level in mice liver. Taxifolin enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in mice liver, which in turn protected the liver from lipid peroxidation damage. It also improved insulin resistance in obese mice. Metagenomic analysis of bacterial 16S rRNA demonstrated that HFD decreased gut microbiota diversity and caused dysbiosis. However, taxifolin improved the gut microbiota diversity and decreased the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. In particular, it inhibited Proteobacteria from blooming, this being a signature of dysbiosis in gut microbiota. CONCLUSION Taxifolin ameliorated the symptoms of obesity, hepatic steatosis, lipid peroxidation, insulin resistance, and gut microbiota dysbiosis in HFD fed C57BL/6J mice. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Su
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wen-Jun Wang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Guo-Dong Zheng
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhong-Ping Yin
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jing-En Li
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ling-Li Chen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qing-Feng Zhang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
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89
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Oxidative Stress-Related Mechanisms in SARS-CoV-2 Infections. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:5589089. [PMID: 35281470 PMCID: PMC8906126 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5589089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic caused relatively high mortality in patients, especially in those with concomitant diseases (i.e., diabetes, hypertension, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)). In most of aforementioned comorbidities, the oxidative stress appears to be an important player in their pathogenesis. The direct cause of death in critically ill patients with COVID-19 is still far from being elucidated. Although some preliminary data suggests that the lung vasculature injury and the loss of the functioning part of pulmonary alveolar population are crucial, the precise mechanism is still unclear. On the other hand, at least two classes of medications used with some clinical benefits in COVID-19 treatment seem to have a major influence on ROS (reactive oxygen species) and RNS (reactive nitrogen species) production. However, oxidative stress is one of the important mechanisms in the antiviral immune response and innate immunity. Therefore, it would be of interest to summarize the data regarding the oxidative stress in severe COVID-19. In this review, we discuss the role of oxidative and antioxidant mechanisms in severe COVID-19 based on available studies. We also present the role of ROS and RNS in other viral infections in humans and in animal models. Although reactive oxygen and nitrogen species play an important role in the innate antiviral immune response, in some situations, they might have a deleterious effect, e.g., in some coronaviral infections. The understanding of the redox mechanisms in severe COVID-19 disease may have an impact on its treatment.
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90
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Park SY, Yang D, Ha SH, Lee SY. Production of phenylpropanoids and flavonolignans from glycerol by metabolically engineered Escherichia coli. Biotechnol Bioeng 2022; 119:946-962. [PMID: 34928495 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Phenylpropanoids are a group of plant natural products with medicinal importance derived from aromatic amino acids. Here, we report the production of two representative phenylpropanoids-coniferyl alcohol (CA) and dihydroquercetin (DHQ)-from glycerol by engineered Escherichia coli. First, an E. coli strain capable of producing 187.7 mg/L of CA from glycerol was constructed by the introduction of hpaBC from E. coli and OMT1, 4CL4, and CCR1 from Arabidopsis thaliana to the p-coumaric acid producer. Next, an E. coli strain capable of producing 239.4 mg/L of DHQ from glycerol was constructed by the introduction of F3H, TT7, and CPR from A. thaliana to the naringenin producer, followed by engineering the signal peptide of a cytochrome P450 TT7. Furthermore, to demonstrate the production of flavonolignans, a group of heterodimeric phenylpropanoids, from glycerol, ascorbate peroxidase 1 from Silybum marianum was employed and engineered to produce 0.04 μg/L of silybin and 1.29 μg/L of isosilybin from glycerol by stepwise culture. Finally, a single strain harboring all the 16 necessary genes was constructed, resulting in 0.12 μg/L of isosilybin production directly from glycerol. The strategies described here will be useful for the production of pharmaceutically important yet complex natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon Young Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Four Program), Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Systems Metabolic Engineering and Systems Healthcare (SMESH) Cross-Generation Collaborative Laboratory, Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- BioProcess Engineering Research Center, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongsoo Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Four Program), Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Systems Metabolic Engineering and Systems Healthcare (SMESH) Cross-Generation Collaborative Laboratory, Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- BioProcess Engineering Research Center, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin Hee Ha
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Four Program), Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Systems Metabolic Engineering and Systems Healthcare (SMESH) Cross-Generation Collaborative Laboratory, Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Yup Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Four Program), Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Systems Metabolic Engineering and Systems Healthcare (SMESH) Cross-Generation Collaborative Laboratory, Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- BioProcess Engineering Research Center, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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91
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Tsamouri MM, Durbin-Johnson BP, Culp WTN, Palm CA, Parikh M, Kent MS, Ghosh PM. Untargeted Metabolomics Identify a Panel of Urinary Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder, as Compared to Urolithiasis with or without Urinary Tract Infection in Dogs. Metabolites 2022; 12:200. [PMID: 35323643 PMCID: PMC8951005 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12030200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Urothelial carcinoma (UC), the most common urologic cancer in dogs, is often diagnosed late because the clinical signs are shared by other non-malignant lower urinary tract disorders (LUTD). The urine-based BRAFV595E test for UC is highly effective only in certain breeds; hence additional non-invasive biomarkers of UC are needed. Here, urine from dogs with UC (n = 27), urolithiasis (n = 8), or urolithiasis with urinary tract infection (UTI) (n = 8) were subjected to untargeted metabolomics analyses, using GC-TOF-MS for primary metabolites, QTOF-MS for complex lipids, and HILIC-QTOF MS for secondary and charged metabolites. After adjusting for age and sex, we identified 1123 known metabolites that were differentially expressed between UC and LUTD. Twenty-seven metabolites were significant (1.5 ≤ log2FC ≤ −1.5, adjusted p-value < 0.05); however, 10 of these could be attributed to treatment-related changes. Of the remaining 17, 6 (hippuric acid, N-Acetylphenylalanine, sarcosine, octanoylcarnitine, N-alpha-methylhistamine, glycerol-3-galactoside) discriminated between UC and LUTD (area under the ROC curve > 0.85). Of the 6 metabolites, only hippuric acid and N-alpha-methylhistamine were discriminatory in both male (n = 20) and female (n = 23) dogs, while sarcosine was an effective discriminator in several breeds, but only in females. Further investigation of these metabolites is warranted for potential use as non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers of dogs with UC that present with LUTD-related clinical signs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Malvina Tsamouri
- Veterans Affairs-Northern California Health System, Mather, CA 95655, USA
- Department of Urologic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95718, USA
| | | | - William T. N. Culp
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (W.T.N.C.); (M.S.K.)
| | - Carrie A. Palm
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| | - Mamta Parikh
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95718, USA;
| | - Michael S. Kent
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (W.T.N.C.); (M.S.K.)
| | - Paramita M. Ghosh
- Veterans Affairs-Northern California Health System, Mather, CA 95655, USA
- Department of Urologic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95718, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95718, USA
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92
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Akinmoladun AC, Famusiwa CD, Josiah SS, Lawal AO, Olaleye MT, Akindahunsi AA. Dihydroquercetin improves rotenone‐induced Parkinsonism by regulating NF‐κB‐mediated inflammation pathway in rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23022. [DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Afolabi C. Akinmoladun
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences The Federal University of Technology Akure Nigeria
| | - Courage D. Famusiwa
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences The Federal University of Technology Akure Nigeria
| | - Sunday S. Josiah
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences The Federal University of Technology Akure Nigeria
| | - Akeem O. Lawal
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences The Federal University of Technology Akure Nigeria
| | - Mary T. Olaleye
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences The Federal University of Technology Akure Nigeria
| | - Afolabi A. Akindahunsi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences The Federal University of Technology Akure Nigeria
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93
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Najeb SM, Jaccob AA, Al-Moziel MSG, Abdulhameed HM. Cardioprotective and antioxidant effects of taxifolin and vitamin C against diazinone-induced myocardial injury in rats. Environ Anal Health Toxicol 2022; 37:e2022002-0. [PMID: 35108778 PMCID: PMC9058105 DOI: 10.5620/eaht.2022002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In Iraq, excessive exposure to insecticides is increasingly becoming uncontrollable, the objective of this work was to assess the possible ameliorative role of taxifolin and vitamin c against diazinon-induced myocardial injury in rats. 36 sprague female rats divided into 6 groups of 6 rats each. Group 1 received diazinone 20 mg/kg gavaged for 30 days. Group 2 received taxifolin (25 mg/kg) and vitamin C (100 mg /kg) co-administered together and gavaged daily for 30 days before oral diazinone (20 mg/kg). Group 3 and group 4 were treated with taxifoline (25 mg/kg) and vitamin C (100 mg /kg) respectively, gavaged separately for 30 days before diazinone (20 mg/kg) administration. group 5 was considered as control 1 received taxifolin (25 mg/kg) and vitamin C (100 mg /kg) co-administered together and gavaged daily for 30 days. The last group, group 6 considered as control 2 which received vehicle of diazinon. Rats' weights, water and food intake were measured and the general vital signs of rats were observed and noted. At the end of study, rats are sacrificed, blood withdrawn for biochemical analysis and heart were excised for glutathione peroxidase and pathological evaluation. Significant increase in body weights in all treated and control groups except group 1. Troponin, LDH, AST and ALT levels were significantly increased in group 1 revealing the existence of ischemia and damage in hearts. Treatment with taxifolin and vitamin C combination reduced their levels significantly to concentrations comparable to that in the control groups. Such finding supported by histopathological observation. Moreover, this study showed that diazinon administration significantly deteriorated lipid profile, co-administration of taxifolin and vitamin C was resulted in a significant improvement in lipid profile associated with increased in glutathione peroxidase values showing significant improvement in antioxidant levels. Sub-acute administration of pharmacological doses of taxifolin and vitamin C exerts cardioprotective effects against diazinon-induced myocardial injury in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ausama Ayob Jaccob
- Ph.D. in pharmacology and toxicology, Professor in college of pharmacy, Basrah university, Department of pharmacology and toxicology, Basrah, Iraq
| | - Muhsin S G Al-Moziel
- Ph.D. in physiology, Prof. Ass. in college of pharmacy, Basrah university, Department of pharmacology and toxicology, Basrah, Iraq
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Liu X, Ma Y, Luo L, Zong D, Li H, Zeng Z, Cui Y, Meng W, Chen Y. Dihydroquercetin suppresses cigarette smoke induced ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by activating Nrf2-mediated pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 96:153894. [PMID: 34942457 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dihydroquercetin (DHQ) is a flavonoid with strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. However, its protective activity against cigarette smoke-induced ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. PURPOSE The present study was conducted to investigate the protective role of DHQ in the pathogenesis of COPD in vivo and in vitro. METHODS A cigarette smoke-induced COPD mouse model was established by cigarette smoke (CS) exposure combined with intraperitoneal injection of cigarette smoke extract (CSE). During the modeling process, the mice were intraperitoneally injected with DHQ daily. HBE cells were cultured with CSE with or without pretreatment with DHQ (40, 80 μM) or ML385 (10 μM). Cell viability was assessed by a cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8). The contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were determined by MDA and SOD assay kits, respectively, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was detected by DCFH-DA assays. Protein expression levels of solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11), glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) were measured by western blot. Lipid peroxidation was determined by C11-BODIPY staining. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the morphological features of the mitochondria. RESULTS Treatment with DHQ significantly elevated ferroptosis-related protein (SLC7A11 and GPx4) expression in vivo and in vitro. The mRNA levels of SLC7A11 and GPx4 were also increased after DHQ treatment. The excessive MDA and ROS production and depleted SOD activity induced by CSE were reversed by DHQ. DHQ notably reduced the increased lipid peroxidation induced by CSE in HBE cells. In addition, treatment with DHQ attenuated the morphological changes in the mitochondria caused by CSE. Moreover, we also found that DHQ increased the levels of Nrf2 in a concentration-dependent manner in the cigarette smoke-induced COPD mouse model and CSE-treated HBE cells. Additionally, after administering an Nrf2-specific inhibitor, ML385, to HBE cells, the elevated SLC7A11 and GPx4 mRNA and protein levels induced by DHQ were reversed. Moreover, ML385 treatment attenuated the protective effect of DHQ on lipid peroxidation. CONCLUSION Our results show that treatment with DHQ significantly reverses the ferroptosis induced by cigarette smoke both in vivo and in vitro via a Nrf2-dependent signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangming Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Yiming Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Lijuan Luo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Dandan Zong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Herui Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Zihang Zeng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Yanan Cui
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Weiwei Meng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.
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95
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Alam Q, Krishnamurthy S. Dihydroquercetin ameliorates LPS-induced neuroinflammation and memory deficit. CURRENT RESEARCH IN PHARMACOLOGY AND DRUG DISCOVERY 2022; 3:100091. [PMID: 35243333 PMCID: PMC8857648 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphar.2022.100091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dihydroquercetin (DHQ) is a pentahydroxyflavanone that has been used as an important suppliment against oxidative stress related inflammation and neuroinflammation. Neuroinflammation, which is the activation of the defense mechanism of the central nervous system, upon exposure to stimuli like amyloid β, Lewy bodies, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and reactive oxygen species. It is an important pathophysiological mediator of a number of neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis and others. The objective of the present study is to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of DHQ, a potent antioxidant molecule, against LPS induced neuroinflammation. On the first day of the experiment (day-1), neuroinflammation was induced through intracerebroventricular injection of LPS (5 μg/5 μl) into each lateral ventricle in the rats. DHQ-0.5, 1 and 2 μg/kg was injected into the tail vein in respective groups from day-2 to day-10. Behavioral studies showed that DHQ attenuated the LPS-induced loss in long-term memory and working memory as evaluated by elevated plus maze and Y-maze test, respectively. Further, the biochemical estimations revealed that DHQ dose-dependently attenuated the LPS-induced decrease in acetylcholine level and increased in the acetylcholine-esterase activity in the hippocampal region. DHQ also increased the catalase activity and decreased nitric oxide and lipid peroxidation altered by LPS injection. DHQ also attenuated interleukin-6 in the brain, which has elevated upon LPS induction. The decrease in IL-6 is attributed to its antioxidant activity. Hence, DHQ could be a potential therapeutic candidate in the management of neuroinflammation and related neurodegenerative disorders. Dihydroquercetin (DHQ) improves LPS induced loss in working memory and long-term memory. DHQ attenuates LPS –induced decrease in cholinergic activity. DHQ shows anti-oxidant properties. DHQ shows anti-neuroinflammatory effect.
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96
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The System Research of the Molecular Mechanism of Quyushengxin Capsule in the Treatment of Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:2968075. [PMID: 35069756 PMCID: PMC8767393 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2968075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a chronic and irreversible disease that has a risk of eventually developing into a joint collapse and resulting in joint dysfunction. Quyushengxin capsule (QYSXC) is an effective and safe traditional Chinese medicine used in the treatment of ONFH. In this present study, an integrated approach was used to investigate the mechanism of QYSXC in the treatment of ONFH, which contained systems pharmacology, molecular docking, and chip experiment. In the systems pharmacology, target fishing, protein-protein interaction (PPI), Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis, and herbs-compounds-targets-pathways (H-C-T-P) network construction were performed to study the mechanism of QYSXC in the treatment of ONFH. The results showed that 15 key compounds, 8 key targets, and 8 key signaling pathways were found for QYSXC in the treatment with ONFH. Then, molecular docking was performed to further explore the interaction between some key compounds and key targets. After that, the chip experiment was performed to verify some target factors, including ICAM-1, IL-6, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, and TNF-α. The results of this work may provide a theoretical basis for further research on the molecular mechanism of QYSXC in the treatment of ONFH.
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97
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George SA, Rajeev R, Thadathil DA, Varghese A. A Comprehensive Review on the Electrochemical Sensing of Flavonoids. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2022; 53:1133-1173. [PMID: 35001755 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2021.2008863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are bioactive polyphenolic compounds, widespread in the plant kingdom. Flavonoids possess broad-spectrum pharmacological effects due to their antioxidant, anti-tumor, anti-neoplastic, anti-mutagenic, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, immunomodulatory, and vasodilatory properties. Care must be taken, since excessive consumption of flavonoids may have adverse effects. Therefore, proper identification, quantification and quality evaluations of flavonoids in edible samples are necessary. Electroanalytical approaches have gained much interest for the analysis of redox behavior and quantification of different flavonoids. Compared to various conventional methods, electrochemical techniques for the analysis of flavonoids offer advantages of high sensitivity, selectivity, low cost, simplicity, biocompatibility, easy on-site evaluation, high accuracy, reproducibility, wide linearity of detection, and low detection limits. This review article focuses on the developments in electrochemical sensing of different flavonoids with emphasis on electrode modification strategies to boost the electrocatalytic activity and analytical efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rijo Rajeev
- Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India
| | | | - Anitha Varghese
- Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India
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98
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Reimer C, Kufs JE, Rautschek J, Regestein L, Valiante V, Hillmann F. Engineering the amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum for biosynthesis of a cannabinoid precursor and other polyketides. Nat Biotechnol 2022; 40:751-758. [PMID: 34992245 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-021-01143-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aromatic polyketides are natural polyphenolic compounds with a broad spectrum of pharmacological activities. Production of those metabolites in the model organisms Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been limited by the extensive cellular engineering needed for the coordinated biosynthesis of polyketides and their precursors. In contrast, the amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum is a native producer of secondary metabolites and harbors a wide, but largely unexplored, repertoire of genes for the biosynthesis of polyketides and terpenoids. Here we present D. discoideum as an advantageous chassis for the production of aromatic polyketides. By expressing its native and cognate plant polyketide synthase genes in D. discoideum, we demonstrate production of phlorocaprophenone, methyl-olivetol, resveratrol and olivetolic acid (OA), which is the central intermediate in the biosynthesis of cannabinoids. To facilitate OA synthesis, we further engineered an amoeba/plant inter-kingdom hybrid enzyme that produced OA from primary metabolites in two enzymatic steps, providing a shortcut in a synthetic cannabinoid pathway using the D. discoideum host system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christin Reimer
- Evolution of Microbial Interactions, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute (Leibniz-HKI), Jena, Germany.,Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Johann E Kufs
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.,Biobricks of Microbial Natural Product Syntheses, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute (Leibniz-HKI), Jena, Germany.,Bio Pilot Plant, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute (Leibniz-HKI), Jena, Germany
| | - Julia Rautschek
- Biobricks of Microbial Natural Product Syntheses, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute (Leibniz-HKI), Jena, Germany
| | - Lars Regestein
- Bio Pilot Plant, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute (Leibniz-HKI), Jena, Germany
| | - Vito Valiante
- Biobricks of Microbial Natural Product Syntheses, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute (Leibniz-HKI), Jena, Germany.
| | - Falk Hillmann
- Evolution of Microbial Interactions, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute (Leibniz-HKI), Jena, Germany.
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99
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Efficiency of “Neo inulin” in the complex treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes. ACTA BIOMEDICA SCIENTIFICA 2021. [DOI: 10.29413/abs.2021-6.6-2.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is one of the most serious medical, social, and economic health problems in all countries of the world. The incidence of diabetes mellitus in the world doubles every 10–15 years, acquiring the character of a non-infectious epidemic. Therefore, it is extremely important to search for new drugs that help normalize glycemia, prevent complications of diabetes mellitus, and improve the quality of life of patients. These drugs include “Neo inulin”, which has a hypoglycemic, antioxidant, hepatoprotective and angioprotective effect.The aim: to evaluate the effectiveness of “Neo inulin” in the complex treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Materials and methods. The study involved 18 women (average age – 64.5 ± 8.7 years, average weight – 77.8 ± 11.4 kg) and 3 men (average age – 54.6 ± 12.4 years, average weight – 114 ± 40.2 kg). The average duration of type 2 diabetes was 11.0 (7.0–12.0) years. “Neo inulin” was prescribed as 2 capsules per day for 12 weeks in the complex of basic diabetes therapy To assess the effectiveness of therapy, a study of the quality of life related to health, a biochemical blood test (glycated hemoglobin), a clinical minimum (CBC, OAM, ECG, blood glucose) was carried out, the functional characteristics of tissue blood flow were investigated, and the ankle-brachial index (ABI) was determined. Statistical processing of the results was carried out using the Statistica 6.0 software package (StatSoft Inc., USA). Differences were considered statistically significant at p < 0.05.Results. Statistically significant differences were revealed in the values of all scales of health-related quality of life in patients in the groups before and after treatment with “Neo Inulin”, including the total physical and mental components. An improvement in the functioning of microcirculatory regulation mechanisms was noted, which is confirmed by a statistically significant increase in ABI (1.0 and 0.8 on the right; 0.9 and 0.8 on the left, respectively; p < 0.05) and the coefficient of microcirculation variation (9.2 and 8.3, respectively; p < 0.05). In 57,1 % of cases (12 people), the level of glycated hemoglobin was normalized.Conclusion. The use of a treatment regimen that includes “Neo Inulin” improves the effectiveness of treatment and improves the quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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100
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Han HS, Koo SY, Choi KY. Emerging nanoformulation strategies for phytocompounds and applications from drug delivery to phototherapy to imaging. Bioact Mater 2021; 14:182-205. [PMID: 35310344 PMCID: PMC8892098 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Over thousands of years, natural bioactive compounds derived from plants (bioactive phytocompounds, BPCs) have been used worldwide to address human health issues. Today, they are a significant resource for drug discovery in the development of modern medicines. Although many BPCs have promising biological activities, most of them cannot be effectively utilized in drugs for therapeutic applications because of their inherent limitations of low solubility, structural instability, short half-life, poor bioavailability, and non-specific distribution to organs. Researchers have utilized emerging nanoformulation (NF) technologies to overcome these limitations as they have demonstrated great potential to improve the solubility, stability, and pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of BPCs. This review exemplifies NF strategies for resolving the issues associated with BPCs and summarizes recent advances in their preclinical and clinical applications for imaging and therapy. This review also highlights how innovative NF technologies play a leading role in next-generation BPC-based drug development for extended therapeutic applications. Finally, this review discusses the opportunities to take BPCs with meaningful clinical impact from bench to bedside and extend the patent life of BPC-based medicines with new formulations or application to new adjacent diseases beyond the primary drug indications. Natural bioactive phytocompounds derived from plants have been used worldwide to address human health issues. However, most of them cannot be effectively utilized in drugs for therapeutic applications because of their inherent limitations. Nanoformulation approach has recently been underlined as an emerging pharmaceutical strategy to overcome the intrinsic drawbacks of bioactive phytocompounds. Various types of nanoformulation and their up-to-date applications for targeted delivery, phototherapy, and imaging are reviewed. Finally, their clinical implications for the repurposing of bioactive phytocompounds are deliberated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwa Seung Han
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung, 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Song Yi Koo
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung, 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Young Choi
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung, 25451, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author. Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung, 25451, Republic of Korea.
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