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Choi SW, Agbese E, Kim G, Makhlouf MD, Leslie DL. Uninsured immigrants in the United States significantly delayed the initiation of prenatal care after the changes to the Public Charge Rule. Public Health 2023; 225:1-7. [PMID: 37913609 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We estimated the impact of the changes made to the Public Charge Rule on the initiation of prenatal care among uninsured immigrants in the United States. STUDY DESIGN We used a difference-in-differences approach to analyse the impact of the changes made to the Public Charge Rule (first difference) on initiation of prenatal care between uninsured and privately insured immigrants (second difference). METHODS We used the natality data by the National Center for Health Statistics as the main data source, which includes all singleton births in a hospital to an immigrant birthing person aged from 15 to 44. The study covers three phases: (1) the period prior to the leaked draft Executive Orders concerning changes made to the public charge policy-from January 2014 to December 2016; (2) the period after the draft Executive Orders were leaked until the proposal of the Public Charge Rule-from January 2017 to September 2018; and (3) post proposal of the Public Charge Rule -from October 2018 to December 2019. RESULTS After the proposal of the Public Charge Rule in 2018, the odds of initiating prenatal care in the first trimester decreased among uninsured immigrants by 12% (odds ratio [OR]: 0.880; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.832, 0.931) compared to privately insured immigrants. The odds of second trimester initiation of prenatal care was also negatively associated with the leak of the draft Executive Orders (OR: 0.942; 95% CI: 0.905, 0.981). CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest that uninsured immigrants in the United States significantly delayed prenatal care after the changes were made to the Public Charge Rule.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Choi
- Department of Health Administration, Penn State School of Public Affairs, Harrisburg, United States.
| | - E Agbese
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, United States
| | - G Kim
- Department of Health Administration, Penn State School of Public Affairs, Harrisburg, United States
| | - M D Makhlouf
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, United States; Penn State Dickinson Law, Carlisle, United States
| | - D L Leslie
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, United States
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Lim CM, Choi SW, Kim BS, Lee SJ, Kang HS. Dynamic Fixation versus Static Screw Fixation for Syndesmosis Injuries in Pronation External Rotation Ankle Fractures: A Retrospective Case Control Study. Malays Orthop J 2023; 17:48-58. [PMID: 38107359 PMCID: PMC10723001 DOI: 10.5704/moj.2311.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The current standard treatment for ankle syndesmosis injury is static screw fixation. Dynamic fixation was developed to restore the dynamic function of the syndesmosis. The purpose of this study was to determine that which of static screw fixation and dynamic fixation is better for treatment of ankle syndesmosis injury in pronation-external rotation fractures. Materials and methods Thirty patients were treated with dynamic fixation (DF group) and 28 patients with static screw fixation (SF group). The primary outcome was Olerud-Molander Ankle Outcome Score. The secondary outcome were Visual Analogue Scale score and American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society score, radiographic outcomes, complications and cost effectiveness. To evaluate the radiographic outcome, the tibiofibular clear space, tibiofibular overlap, and medial clear space were compared using the pre-operative and last follow-up plain radiographs. To evaluate the cost effectiveness, the total hospital cost was compared between the two groups. Results There was no significant difference in primary outcome. Moreover, there were no significant difference in secondary outcome including Visual Analogue Scale score and American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society score and radiographic outcome. Two cases of reduction loss and four cases of screw breakage were observed in the SF group. No complication in the DF group was observed. Dynamic fixation was more cost effective than static screw fixation with respect to the total hospital cost. Conclusion Although dynamic fixation provided similar clinical and radiologic outcome, dynamic fixation is more cost effective with fewer complications than static screw fixation in ankle syndesmosis injury of pronation-external rotation fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Lim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, South Korea
| | - S W Choi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, South Korea
| | - B S Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, South Korea
| | - S J Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, South Korea
| | - H S Kang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, South Korea
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Namgoong H, Kim SJ, Choi SW. Functional analysis of novel SCN5A mutations related to Brugada syndrome. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Brugada syndrome (BrS) is an arrhythmogenic disorder that has been linked to mutations in SCN5A, the gene encoding for the pore-forming α-subunit of the cardiac Na+ channel. Recently, novel SCN5A missense mutations (A385T and R504T) were identified in a BrS patient. Since the mutations are in the loop connecting transmembrane segments 5 and 6 in domain 1 (S5-S6 in DI) and segments 6 and 1 between domain 1 and 2 (DI-DII linker), it can lead to dysfunctional property of the Na+ channel. Here we aimed to characterize the electrophysiological properties of A385T and R504T. The wild-type (WT) and mutant SCN5A were transiently transfected in HEK293 cells, and the Na+ channel was analyzed using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. WT, A385T, R504T, and double mutant (A385T/R504T) showed no significant differences in the current density and the voltage-dependent activation. Unexpectedly, a rightward shift of the voltage-dependent inactivation was identified in the three groups of mutation. Besides, the recovery from inactivation of double mutant was faster than that of WT. These results suggest that, contrary to the expected mechanism of BrS, the mutations cause a gain-of-function of NaV1.5. However, the current densities of R504T and double mutant transfected with β-subunit SCN1B were significantly suppressed but A385T was not different from WT. The voltage dependent activation and inactivation of all mutants were not significantly different from WT. The recovery from inactivation of all mutants were slower than that of WT. These results suggest that R504T mutation of α-subunit SCN5A interacting with β-subunit SCN1B is responsible to pathophysiological function of novel BrS.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Namgoong
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S J Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S W Choi
- Dongguk university College of medicine , Gyeongju , Korea (Republic of)
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Kim JH, Seo JE, Choi SW. Quantitative Changes of Phenolic Compounds in Pine Twigs by Variety, Harvest Season, and Growing Region. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2022; 27:299-308. [PMID: 36313064 PMCID: PMC9585405 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2022.27.3.299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Three new phenolic compounds including pinosylvin 3-methoxy-5-O-β-D-glucoside (PMG), taxiresinol 4'-O-α-L-rhamnoside (TRR), and lariciresinol 4'-O-α-L-rhamnoside (LRR) were first isolated and identified from red pine (Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc.) twigs, together with four known compounds, such as (+)-catechin (CC), dihydromyricetin (DHM), dihydroquercetin 3-O-β-D-glucoside (DHQG), and dihydroquercetin (DHQ). Additionally, the concentrations of seven phenolic compounds in pine twigs were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography based on cultivars, harvest seasons, and growing environments. Red and black pine twigs contain 379.33 and 308.83 mg/100 g of PMG as the predominant phenolics, respectively, and their contents were significantly higher in spring than in autumn. Red pine twigs contain higher amounts of three dihydroflavonols (DHM: 87.82, DHQG: 38.47, and DHQ: 68.07 mg/100 g) and two lignans (LRR: 15.63, TRR: 30.72 mg/100 g) than black pine twigs, except for higher (+)-CC level (21.88 mg/100 g) in black pine twigs. Two pine twigs had much higher flavonoid and lignan levels in the autumn than they had in the spring. Two pine twigs harvested in several different areas do not significantly differ in their phenolic compositions and contents. These results suggest that red pine twigs possessing phytochemical phenolics may be useful as potential sources for promoting human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Hee Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongbuk 38430, Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Seo
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongbuk 38430, Korea
| | - Sang-Won Choi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongbuk 38430, Korea,
Correspondence to Sang-Won Choi, E-mail:
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Miwa K, Ahn JK, Akazawa Y, Aramaki T, Ashikaga S, Callier S, Chiga N, Choi SW, Ekawa H, Evtoukhovitch P, Fujioka N, Fujita M, Gogami T, Harada T, Hasegawa S, Hayakawa SH, Honda R, Hoshino S, Hosomi K, Ichikawa M, Ichikawa Y, Ieiri M, Ikeda M, Imai K, Ishikawa Y, Ishimoto S, Jung WS, Kajikawa S, Kanauchi H, Kanda H, Kitaoka T, Kang BM, Kawai H, Kim SH, Kobayashi K, Koike T, Matsuda K, Matsumoto Y, Nagao S, Nagatomi R, Nakada Y, Nakagawa M, Nakamura I, Nanamura T, Naruki M, Ozawa S, Raux L, Rogers TG, Sakaguchi A, Sakao T, Sako H, Sato S, Shiozaki T, Shirotori K, Suzuki KN, Suzuki S, Tabata M, Taille CDL, Takahashi H, Takahashi T, Takahashi TN, Tamura H, Tanaka M, Tanida K, Tsamalaidze Z, Ukai M, Umetsu H, Wada S, Yamamoto TO, Yoshida J, Yoshimura K. Precise Measurement of Differential Cross Sections of the Σ^{-}p→Λn Reaction in Momentum Range 470-650 MeV/c. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 128:072501. [PMID: 35244436 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.072501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The differential cross sections of the Σ^{-}p→Λn reaction were measured accurately for the Σ^{-} momentum (p_{Σ}) ranging from 470 to 650 MeV/c at the J-PARC Hadron Experimental Facility. Precise angular information about the Σ^{-}p→Λn reaction was obtained for the first time by detecting approximately 100 reaction events at each angular step of Δcosθ=0.1. The obtained differential cross sections show a slightly forward-peaking structure in the measured momentum regions. The cross sections integrated for -0.7≤cosθ≤1.0 were obtained as 22.5±0.68 [statistical error(stat.)] ±0.65 [systematic error(syst.)] mb and 15.8±0.83(stat)±0.52(syst) mb for 470<p_{Σ}(MeV/c)<550 and 550<p_{Σ}(MeV/c)<650, respectively. These results show a drastic improvement compared with past measurements of the hyperon-proton scattering experiments. They will play essential roles in updating the theoretical models of the baryon-baryon interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Miwa
- Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - J K Ahn
- Department of Physics, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Y Akazawa
- Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies (IPNS), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - T Aramaki
- Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - S Ashikaga
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - S Callier
- OMEGA Ecole Polytechnique-CNRS/IN2P3, 3 rue Michel-Ange, 75794 Paris 16, France
| | - N Chiga
- Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - S W Choi
- Department of Physics, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - H Ekawa
- High Energy Nuclear Physics Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako 351-0198, Japan
| | - P Evtoukhovitch
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), Dubna, Moscow Region 141980, Russia
| | - N Fujioka
- Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - M Fujita
- Advanced Science Research Center (ASRC), Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - T Gogami
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - T Harada
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - S Hasegawa
- Advanced Science Research Center (ASRC), Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - S H Hayakawa
- Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - R Honda
- Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies (IPNS), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - S Hoshino
- Department of Physics, Osaka University, Toyonaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - K Hosomi
- Advanced Science Research Center (ASRC), Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - M Ichikawa
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- Meson Science Laboratory, Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Wako 351-0198, Japan
| | - Y Ichikawa
- Advanced Science Research Center (ASRC), Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - M Ieiri
- Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies (IPNS), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - M Ikeda
- Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - K Imai
- Advanced Science Research Center (ASRC), Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - Y Ishikawa
- Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - S Ishimoto
- Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies (IPNS), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - W S Jung
- Department of Physics, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - S Kajikawa
- Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - H Kanauchi
- Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - H Kanda
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics (RCNP), Osaka University, Ibaraki 567-0047, Japan
| | - T Kitaoka
- Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - B M Kang
- Department of Physics, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - H Kawai
- Department of Physics, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - S H Kim
- Department of Physics, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - K Kobayashi
- Department of Physics, Osaka University, Toyonaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - T Koike
- Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - K Matsuda
- Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Y Matsumoto
- Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - S Nagao
- Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - R Nagatomi
- Department of Physics, Osaka University, Toyonaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Y Nakada
- Department of Physics, Osaka University, Toyonaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - M Nakagawa
- High Energy Nuclear Physics Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako 351-0198, Japan
| | - I Nakamura
- Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies (IPNS), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - T Nanamura
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- Advanced Science Research Center (ASRC), Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - M Naruki
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - S Ozawa
- Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - L Raux
- OMEGA Ecole Polytechnique-CNRS/IN2P3, 3 rue Michel-Ange, 75794 Paris 16, France
| | - T G Rogers
- Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - A Sakaguchi
- Department of Physics, Osaka University, Toyonaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - T Sakao
- Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - H Sako
- Advanced Science Research Center (ASRC), Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - S Sato
- Advanced Science Research Center (ASRC), Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - T Shiozaki
- Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - K Shirotori
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics (RCNP), Osaka University, Ibaraki 567-0047, Japan
| | - K N Suzuki
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - S Suzuki
- Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies (IPNS), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - M Tabata
- Department of Physics, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - C D L Taille
- OMEGA Ecole Polytechnique-CNRS/IN2P3, 3 rue Michel-Ange, 75794 Paris 16, France
| | - H Takahashi
- Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies (IPNS), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - T Takahashi
- Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies (IPNS), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - T N Takahashi
- Nishina Center for Accelerator-based Science, RIKEN, Wako 351-0198, Japan
| | - H Tamura
- Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
- Advanced Science Research Center (ASRC), Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - M Tanaka
- Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies (IPNS), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - K Tanida
- Advanced Science Research Center (ASRC), Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - Z Tsamalaidze
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), Dubna, Moscow Region 141980, Russia
- Georgian Technical University (GTU), Tbilisi 0175, Georgia
| | - M Ukai
- Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
- Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies (IPNS), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - H Umetsu
- Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - S Wada
- Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - T O Yamamoto
- Advanced Science Research Center (ASRC), Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - J Yoshida
- Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - K Yoshimura
- Department of Physics, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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Jeon YH, Seo JE, Kim JH, Lee YJ, Choi SW. Quantitative Changes of Flavonol Glycosides from Pine Needles by Cultivar, Harvest Season, and Thermal Process. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2021; 26:100-108. [PMID: 33859965 PMCID: PMC8027044 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2021.26.1.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Five flavonol glycosides including quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucoside (QG), kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucoside (KG), quercetin 3-O-(6″-O-acetyl)-β-D-glucoside (QAG), kaempferol 3-O-(6″-O-acetyl)-β-D-glucoside (KAG), and quercetin 3-O-(3″-O-p-coumaroyl)-β-D-glucoside (QCG) were isolated and purified from red pine (Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc.) nee-dles, and identified by nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometer spectral analyses. In addition, the quantification of the five flavonol glycosides in pine needles was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography analysis according to cultivar, growing district, harvest season, and thermal processing. The red pine needles had higher amounts of the five flavonol glycosides than the black pine needles except for QCG. There were no large differences in flavonoid composition and content among pine needles grown in three different areas. Levels of the five flavonol glycosides in red pine needles harvested during Spring ranged from 6.13 to 27.03 mg/100 g dry weight. Levels of two flavonol glycosides, QG and KG, gradually decreased with increasing harvest time, whereas the acylated flavonol glycoside, QCG, a predominant flavo-noid in pine needles, increased gradually with increasing harvest time. Two acetyl flavonol glycosides, QAG and KAG, increased steadily through Spring to Autumn, and then decreased gradually by Winter. Meanwhile heat treatments, such as roasting and steaming, increased the five flavonol glycosides during heating for 3 min, but then slowly decreased these when heating for 10 min. Microwave processing increased to some extent the five flavonol glycosides when heating for 3 min, and remained unchanged during the 10 min heating. These results suggest that the pretreated red pine needles with enhanced flavonoid content may be useful as potential sources for nutraceuticals and cosmeceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Hee Jeon
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongbuk 38430, Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Seo
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongbuk 38430, Korea
| | - Ju-Hee Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongbuk 38430, Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Lee
- Uljin Agricultural Technology Center, Gyeongbuk 36339, Korea
| | - Sang-Won Choi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongbuk 38430, Korea
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Agarwal S, Choi SW, Fletcher SN, Klein AA, Gill R. The incidence and effect of resternotomy following cardiac surgery on morbidity and mortality: a 1-year national audit on behalf of the Association of Cardiothoracic Anaesthesia and Critical Care. Anaesthesia 2020; 76:19-26. [PMID: 32406071 DOI: 10.1111/anae.15070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Over 30,000 adult cardiac operations are carried out in the UK annually. A small number of these patients need to return to theatre in the first few days after the initial surgery, but the exact proportion is unknown. The majority of these resternotomies are for bleeding or cardiac tamponade. The Association of Cardiothoracic Anaesthesia and Critical Care carried out a 1-year national audit of resternotomy in 2018. Twenty-three of the 35 centres that were eligible participated. The overall resternotomy rate (95%CI) within the period of admission for the initial operation in these centres was 3.6% (3.37-3.85). The rate varied between centres from 0.69% to 7.6%. Of the 849 patients who required resternotomy, 127 subsequently died, giving a mortality rate (95%CI) of 15.0% (12.7-17.5). In patients who underwent resternotomy, the median (IQR [range]) length of stay on ICU was 5 (2-10 [0-335]) days, and time to tracheal extubation was 20 (12-48 [0-2880]) hours. A total of 89.3% of patients who underwent resternotomy were transfused red cells, with a median (IQR [range]) of 4 (2-7 [1-1144]) units of red blood cells. The rate (95%CI) of needing renal replacement therapy was 23.4% (20.6-26.5). This UK-wide audit has demonstrated that resternotomy after cardiac surgery is associated with prolonged intensive care stay, high rates of blood transfusion, renal replacement therapy and very high mortality. Further research into this area is required to try to improve patient care and outcomes in patients who require resternotomy in the first 24 h after cardiac surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Agarwal
- Department of Anaesthesia, Manchester University Hospitals, Manchester, UK
| | - S W Choi
- Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Hong Kong
| | - S N Fletcher
- Departments of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, St George's Hospital, London, UK
| | - A A Klein
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Royal Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - R Gill
- Shackleton Department of Anaesthesia, University Hospital Southampton, UK
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Cheesman R, Coleman J, Rayner C, Purves KL, Morneau-Vaillancourt G, Glanville K, Choi SW, Breen G, Eley TC. Familial Influences on Neuroticism and Education in the UK Biobank. Behav Genet 2020; 50:84-93. [PMID: 31802328 PMCID: PMC7028797 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-019-09984-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Genome-wide studies often exclude family members, even though they are a valuable source of information. We identified parent-offspring pairs, siblings and couples in the UK Biobank and implemented a family-based DNA-derived heritability method to capture additional genetic effects and multiple sources of environmental influence on neuroticism and years of education. Compared to estimates from unrelated individuals, total heritability increased from 10 to 27% and from 17 to 56% for neuroticism and education respectively by including family-based genetic effects. We detected no family environmental influences on neuroticism. The couple similarity variance component explained 35% of the variation in years of education, probably reflecting assortative mating. Overall, our genetic and environmental estimates closely replicate previous findings from an independent sample. However, more research is required to dissect contributions to the additional heritability by rare and structural genetic effects, assortative mating, and residual environmental confounding. The latter is especially relevant for years of education, a highly socially contingent variable, for which our heritability estimate is at the upper end of twin estimates in the literature. Family-based genetic effects could be harnessed to improve polygenic prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Cheesman
- Social Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, 16 de Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK.
| | - J Coleman
- Social Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, 16 de Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, South London and Maudsley NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - C Rayner
- Social Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, 16 de Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - K L Purves
- Social Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, 16 de Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - G Morneau-Vaillancourt
- Research Unit on Child Psychosocial Maladjustment, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
| | - K Glanville
- Social Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, 16 de Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - S W Choi
- Social Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, 16 de Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - G Breen
- Social Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, 16 de Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, South London and Maudsley NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - T C Eley
- Social Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, 16 de Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK.
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, South London and Maudsley NHS Trust, London, UK.
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9
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Jeon YH, Choi SW. Isolation, Identification, and Quantification of Tyrosinase and α-Glucosidase Inhibitors from UVC-Irradiated Mulberry ( Morus alba L.) Leaves. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2018; 24:84-94. [PMID: 31008101 PMCID: PMC6456241 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2019.24.1.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Methanol extracts from ultraviolet (UV) C-irradiated mulberry leaves (UVC-IML) exhibit stronger tyrosinase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities than those from unirradiated mulberry leaves. Through a bioassay-guided fractionation and purification process, two oxyresveratrol derivatives, oxyresveratrol (ORT) and 4′-prenyloxyresveratrol (PORT), and six 2-arylbenzofuran derivatives [moracin B (MCB), moracin C (MCC), moracin M (MCM), moracin N (MCN), 6,5′-dimethoxymoracin M (DMMCM), and chalcomoracin (CMC)] were isolated from the methanol extract from UVC-IML. Their chemical structures were determined by UV, mass, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry. ORT and PORT showed potent tyrosinase inhibitory activities with the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 0.57 and 0.90 μM, respectively, and CMC exhibited significant tyrosinase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 5.61 and 6.00 μM, respectively. Levels of these eight compounds were increased significantly following irradiation compared with untreated mulberry leaves; ORTs increased approximately 4 fold and moracins increased 2~16 fold. These data suggest that UVC-IML may represent a promising source of nutraceuticals and cosmeceuticals for prevention of diabetes and skin aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Hee Jeon
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongbuk 61848, Korea
| | - Sang-Won Choi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongbuk 61848, Korea
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10
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Choi SW, Wong GTC. Doctor, why are you driving a wedge between us? Calculating sample size in multiple testing and the need for Geisser-Greenhouse correction. Anaesthesia 2018; 73:1564-1566. [PMID: 30338522 DOI: 10.1111/anae.14477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S W Choi
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, HKSAR
| | - G T C Wong
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, HKSAR
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11
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Yoo SH, Kwon JH, Nam SW, Kim HY, Kim CW, You CR, Choi SW, Cho SH, Han JY, Song DS, Chang UI, Yang JM, Lee HL, Lee SW, Han NI, Kim SH, Song MJ, Hwang S, Sung PS, Jang JW, Bae SH, Choi JY, Yoon SK. Early development of de novo hepatocellular carcinoma after direct-acting agent therapy: Comparison with pegylated interferon-based therapy in chronic hepatitis C patients. J Viral Hepat 2018; 25:1189-1196. [PMID: 29660199 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Patients with chronic hepatitis C who achieve a sustained viral response after pegylated interferon therapy have a reduced risk of hepatocellular carcinoma, but the risk after treatment with direct-acting antivirals is unclear. We compared the rates of early development of hepatocellular carcinoma after direct-acting antivirals and after pegylated interferon therapy. We retrospectively analysed 785 patients with chronic hepatitis C who had no history of hepatocellular carcinoma (211 treated with pegylated interferon, 574 with direct-acting antivirals) and were followed up for at least 24 weeks after antiviral treatment. De novo hepatocellular carcinoma developed in 6 of 574 patients receiving direct-acting antivirals and in 1 of 211 patients receiving pegylated interferon. The cumulative incidence of early hepatocellular carcinoma development did not differ between the treatment groups either for the whole cohort (1.05% vs 0.47%, P = .298) or for those patients with Child-Pugh Class A cirrhosis (3.73% vs 2.94%, P = .827). Multivariate analysis indicated that alpha-fetoprotein level >9.5 ng/mL at the time of end-of-treatment response was the only independent risk factor for early development of hepatocellular carcinoma in all patients (P < .0001, hazard ratio 176.174, 95% confidence interval 10.768-2882.473) and in patients treated with direct-acting agents (P < .0001, hazard ratio 128.402, 95% confidence interval 8.417-1958.680). In conclusion, the rate of early development of hepatocellular carcinoma did not differ between patients treated with pegylated interferon and those treated with direct-acting antivirals and was associated with the serum alpha-fetoprotein level at the time of end-of-treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Incehon, Korea.,Catholic University Liver Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - J H Kwon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Incehon, Korea.,Catholic University Liver Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - S W Nam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Incehon, Korea.,Catholic University Liver Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - H Y Kim
- Catholic University Liver Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Uijeongbu, Korea
| | - C W Kim
- Catholic University Liver Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Uijeongbu, Korea
| | - C R You
- Catholic University Liver Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - S W Choi
- Catholic University Liver Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - S H Cho
- Catholic University Liver Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - J-Y Han
- Catholic University Liver Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - D S Song
- Catholic University Liver Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - U I Chang
- Catholic University Liver Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - J M Yang
- Catholic University Liver Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - H L Lee
- Catholic University Liver Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Korea
| | - S W Lee
- Catholic University Liver Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Korea
| | - N I Han
- Catholic University Liver Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Korea
| | - S-H Kim
- Catholic University Liver Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon, Korea
| | - M J Song
- Catholic University Liver Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon, Korea
| | - S Hwang
- Catholic University Liver Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - P S Sung
- Catholic University Liver Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - J W Jang
- Catholic University Liver Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - S H Bae
- Catholic University Liver Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Y Choi
- Catholic University Liver Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - S K Yoon
- Catholic University Liver Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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12
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Cheung V, Yuen VM, Wong GTC, Choi SW. The effect of sleep deprivation and disruption on DNA damage and health of doctors. Anaesthesia 2018; 74:434-440. [PMID: 30675716 DOI: 10.1111/anae.14533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Observational studies have highlighted the detrimental health effects of shift work. The mechanisms through which acute sleep deprivation may lead to chronic disease have not been elucidated, but it is thought that increased DNA damage or decreased repair can lead to disease. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of acute sleep deprivation on DNA damage. This was a cross-sectional observational study on 49 healthy, full-time doctors. Baseline blood was sampled from each participant after three consecutive days of adequate sleep. Participants (n = 24) who were required to work overnight on-site had additional blood sampled on a morning after acute sleep deprivation. DNA damage and expression of DNA repair genes were quantified. Information on health, working patterns and sleep diaries were collected. Independent t-tests were used to compare differences between groups and standardised mean differences expressed as Cohen's d. Overnight on-site call participants had lower baseline DNA repair gene expression and more DNA breaks than participants who did not work overnight (d = 1.47, p = 0.0001; and 1.48, p = 0.0001, respectively). In overnight on-site call participants, after acute sleep deprivation, DNA repair gene expression was decreased (d = 0.90, p = 0.0001) and DNA breaks were increased (d = 0.87, p = 0.0018). Sleep deprivation in shift workers is associated with adverse health consequences. Increased DNA damage has been linked to the development of chronic disease. This study demonstrates that disrupted sleep is associated with DNA damage. Furthermore, larger prospective studies looking at relationships between DNA damage and chronic disease development are warranted, and methods to relieve, or repair, DNA damage linked to sleep deprivation should be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Cheung
- Department of Anaesthesia, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - V M Yuen
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - G T C Wong
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - S W Choi
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Choi
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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14
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Choi
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, HKSAR
| | - G T C Wong
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, HKSAR
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15
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Choi SW. Safety of hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 in paediatric cardiac patients - statistical note. Anaesthesia 2018; 73:652. [PMID: 29658126 DOI: 10.1111/anae.14293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S W Choi
- University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, HKSAR
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16
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Macoskey JJ, Choi SW, Hall TL, Vlaisavljevich E, Lundt JE, Lee FT, Johnsen E, Cain CA, Xu Z. Using the cavitation collapse time to indicate the extent of histotripsy-induced tissue fractionation. Phys Med Biol 2018; 63:055013. [PMID: 29424711 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/aaae3b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Histotripsy is an ultrasonic tissue ablation method based on acoustic cavitation. It has been shown that cavitation dynamics change depending on the mechanical properties of the host medium. During histotripsy treatment, the target-tissue is gradually fractionated and eventually liquefied to acellular homogenate. In this study, the change in the collapse time (t col) of the cavitation bubble cloud over the course of histotripsy treatment is investigated as an indicator for progression of the tissue fractionation process throughout treatment. A 500 kHz histotripsy transducer is used to generate single-location lesions within tissue-mimicking agar phantoms of varying stiffness levels as well as ex vivo bovine liver samples. Cavitation collapse signals are acquired with broadband hydrophones, and cavitation is imaged optically using a high-speed camera in transparent tissue-mimicking phantoms. The high-speed-camera-acquired measurements of t col validate the acoustic hydrophone measurements. Increases in t col are observed both with decreasing phantom stiffness and throughout histotripsy treatment with increasing number of pulses applied. The increasing trend of t col throughout the histotripsy treatment correlates well with the progression of lesion formation generated in tissue-mimicking phantoms (R 2 = 0.87). Finally, the increasing trend of t col over the histotripsy treatment is validated in ex vivo bovine liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Macoskey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
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17
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Abstract
In this paper, we describe the development of a self-management protocol for a controller of a moving-actuator type artificial heart, AnyHeart™. The developed protocol analyzes motor current signals and detects abnormal pumping statuses. If preset abnormal pumping statuses are detected by an implemented algorithm, a controller triggers an emergency management procedure and transmits an alarm message to predetermined medical and engineering staffs via a cellular phone network to notify them of an abnormal pumping status occurrence and its likely cause. Results of in vitro performance experiments showed that the developed protocol can detect simulated abnormalities in motor current, manage the operating status of the blood pump during an emergency, and transmit an alarm message as desired.
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Affiliation(s)
- K W Nam
- Korea Artificial Organ Center, Korea University, Seoul
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18
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Choi SW, Nam KW, Chung J, Lee JC, Hwang CM, Won YS, Sun K, Min BG. Development of a New Pulsatile Extracorporeal Life Support Device Incorporating a Dual Pulsatile Blood Pump. Int J Artif Organs 2018; 29:583-90. [PMID: 16841287 DOI: 10.1177/039139880602900607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A new pulsatile extracorporeal life support device (ECLS) has been developed, designed to sustain pulsatile blood flow during emergency cardiopulmonary resuscitations and cardiopulmonary operations. This device features two identical pulsatile pumps that operate alternately and can therefore provide blood inflow in a more uniform manner than similar systems featuring a single-pump configuration. In order to confirm the presumed benefits of this newly-developed dual pulsatile pump configuration, we have conducted a series of in vitro experiments designed to compare the properties of the new system with a single pump system, specifically with regard to pump delivery rate and active filling efficiency. Our results reveal that the dual pump configuration can, indeed, deliver a higher flow than can the single-pump system, and exhibits an active filling efficiency superior to that of the single-pump configuration. We performed a series of animal experiments to measure the pulsatility of the dual-pump configuration in terms of equivalent energy pressure (EEP). In order to measure EEP, we measured femoral arterial pressure and pump outflow. The results of our animal experiments revealed that the newly-developed pulstile ECLS exhibits sufficient pulsatility in terms of the EEP considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Choi
- Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School, Seoul National University, Jongro-gu, Seoul - Korea
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19
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Abstract
In this study, we developed a wireless monitoring system for outpatients equipped with a moving-actuator type pulsatile bi-ventricular assist device, AnyHeart™. The developed monitoring system consists of two parts; a Bluetooth-based short-distance self-monitoring system that can monitor and control the operating status of a VAD using a Bluetooth-embedded personal digital assistant or a personal computer within a distance of 10 meters, and a cellular network-based remote monitoring system that can continuously monitor and control the operating status of AnyHeart™ at any location. Results of in vitro experiments demonstrate the developed system's ability to monitor the operational status of an implanted AnyHeart™.
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Affiliation(s)
- K W Nam
- Korea Artificial Organ Center, Korea University, Seoul
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20
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Ahn E, Lee J, Jeon YH, Choi SW, Kim E. Anti-diabetic effects of mulberry ( Morus alba L.) branches and oxyresveratrol in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Food Sci Biotechnol 2017; 26:1693-1702. [PMID: 30263707 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-017-0223-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite with accumulating evidences on the anti-diabetic effects of mulberry branch (MB), the major active component for the activity has not been known. Oral administration of MB ethanol (EtOH) extracts [0.5 or 1 g/kg body weight (BW)] once a day for 22 days to streptozotocin-induced diabetic ICR mouse significantly reduced fasting blood and plasma glucose level in a dose dependent manner compared to those of the diabetic control. Administration of oxyresveratrol [ORT, 0.6 g/kg BW], a major compound of MB EtOH extracts, to diabetic ICR mouse also significantly reduced fasting plasma glucose level. Further, ORT increased hepatic glucose transporter 2 transcription and glycogen content. Plasma insulin concentration and intestinal disaccharidase activity were not different between diabetic control and ORT groups. This suggests that ORT reduced plasma glucose by stimulating hepatic glucose uptake and glycogen storage. MB EtOH extracts and ORT could be potential adjunct therapies for diabetes management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunyeong Ahn
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38430 Korea
| | - Jimin Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38430 Korea
| | - Young-Hee Jeon
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38430 Korea
| | - Sang-Won Choi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38430 Korea
| | - Eunjung Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38430 Korea
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21
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Kong DY, Kim HJ, Kang TK, Oh SC, Cho SJ, Choi SW, Ryu SY. The Association between Facial Fracture Patterns and Traumatic Head Injury in Injured Motorcycle Riders According to Helmet Use Status. HONG KONG J EMERG ME 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/102490791302000403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study was undertaken to identify the association between facial fracture patterns and traumatic head injury in injured motorcycle riders. Methods Retrospective study design. We reviewed the medical records of patients who underwent facial bone computed tomography (CT) and brain CT simultaneously among the injured motorcycle riders between May 2009 and July 2011. Data collected included age, sex, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Revised Trauma Score (RTS), facial fracture patterns, head protective device (helmet) use, alcohol intake, time of accident and seat position. Facial fracture patterns were grouped as upper, mid, and lower face. Traumatic head injury (THI) included skull fracture, brain haemorrhage and diffuse axonal injury. Results Of the 154 patients included, 138 (89.6%) were male, 57 (37%) had facial fracture, 69 (44.8%) wore helmets and 30 (19.5%) had THI. Their mean age was 29.0+15.0 years. After multivariate logistic regression analysis, THI was associated with GCS, seat position of riders and accident time. THI was correlated with the combination of upper and midfacial fractures in helmeted group and isolated upper facial fracture or the combination of upper and midfacial fractures in unhelmeted group. The rest of facial fracture patterns were not correlated with THI regardless of helmet. Conclusions The combination of upper and midfacial fractures are the risk factor of THI regardless of helmet. The patients with the combination of upper and midfacial fractures should be further evaluated for head injury regardless of helmet.
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22
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Choi SW, Lam DMH. Size matters. Anaesthesia 2017; 72:1273-1276. [PMID: 28805242 DOI: 10.1111/anae.14030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S W Choi
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, HKSAR
| | - D M H Lam
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, HKSAR
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23
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Pillai A, Monteiro RS, Choi SW, Yentis SM, Bogod D. Strength of commonly used spinal needles: the ability to deform and resist deformation. Anaesthesia 2017; 72:1125-1133. [PMID: 28696015 DOI: 10.1111/anae.13959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the strength of commonly used spinal needles in relation to the amount of deformation, and registered forces during standardised testing. We investigated differences between manufacturers for the same length and gauge of Luer and non-Luer needles, and examined the effect of the internal stylet in terms of needle strength. A specialised rig was designed to perform the testing in both the horizontal and axial plane, reflecting common industrial tests and clinical use. Needles from four commonly used manufacturers were used (Vygon, Becton Dickinson, B Braun, and Pajunk). Needles of 25 G and 27 G were tested in 90-mm and 120-mm lengths. We found significant differences in terms of the size of final deformation and 'toughness'/resistance to deformation between needles of different brands. There were also significant differences between horizontal tests conducted as an industry standard and our own axial test. This may have bearing on clinical use in terms of the incidence of bending and breakage. The presence of the internal stylet resulted in significantly greater toughness in many needles, but had little effect on the degree of deformation. Comparison of Luer and non-Luer needles of the same brand and size showed few significant differences in strength. This result is reassuring, given the imminent change from Luer to non-Luer needles that is to occur in the UK.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pillai
- Department of Anaesthesia, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, UK
| | - R S Monteiro
- Department of Anaesthesia, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals, Brighton, UK
| | - S W Choi
- Laboratory and Clinical Research Institute for Pain, Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, China
| | - S M Yentis
- Magill Department of Anaesthesia, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - D Bogod
- Department of Anaesthesia, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, UK
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24
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Choi SW, Lam DMH. Inter-rater agreement-Agreeing to disagree, again! Anaesthesia 2017; 72:778-780. [PMID: 28654169 DOI: 10.1111/anae.13898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S W Choi
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, HKSAR
| | - D M H Lam
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, HKSAR
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25
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Choi
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, HKSAR
| | - D M H Lam
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, HKSAR
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26
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Cooling L, Sankar A, Mody R, Yanik G, Bonifant C, Choi SW. A severe umbilical cord stem cell infusion reaction due to dextran in an atopic pediatric patient. Bone Marrow Transplant 2017; 52:1051-1053. [PMID: 28263287 DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2017.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Cooling
- Department of Pathology, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - A Sankar
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology-Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - R Mody
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology-Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - G Yanik
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology-Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - C Bonifant
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology-Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - S W Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology-Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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27
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Choi
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, HKSAR
| | - D M H Lam
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, HKSAR
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28
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Chen YB, Wang T, Hemmer MT, Brady C, Couriel DR, Alousi A, Pidala J, Urbano-Ispizua A, Choi SW, Nishihori T, Teshima T, Inamoto Y, Wirk B, Marks DI, Abdel-Azim H, Lehmann L, Yu L, Bitan M, Cairo MS, Qayed M, Salit R, Gale RP, Martino R, Jaglowski S, Bajel A, Savani B, Frangoul H, Lewis ID, Storek J, Askar M, Kharfan-Dabaja MA, Aljurf M, Ringden O, Reshef R, Olsson RF, Hashmi S, Seo S, Spitzer TR, MacMillan ML, Lazaryan A, Spellman SR, Arora M, Cutler CS. GvHD after umbilical cord blood transplantation for acute leukemia: an analysis of risk factors and effect on outcomes. Bone Marrow Transplant 2016; 52:400-408. [PMID: 27941764 PMCID: PMC5332289 DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2016.265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Using the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (CIBMTR) registry, we analyzed 1,404 UCBT patients [single (< 18 years) = 810, double (≥ 18 years) = 594] with acute leukemia to define the incidence of acute and chronic graft-vs.-host disease (GVHD), analyze clinical risk factors and investigate outcomes. After single UCBT, 100-day incidence of grades II–IV aGVHD was 39% (95% CI, 36–43%), grades III–IV aGVHD was 18% (95% CI, 15–20%), and 1-year cGVHD was 27% (95% CI, 24–30%). After double UCBT, 100-day incidence of grades II–IV aGVHD was 45% (95% CI, 41%–49%), grades III–IV aGVHD was 22% (95% CI, 19–26%), and 1-year cGVHD was 26% (95% CI, 22–29%). For single UCBT, multivariate analysis showed that absence of anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) was associated with aGVHD, whereas prior aGVHD was associated with cGVHD. For double UCBT, absence of ATG and myeloablative conditioning were associated with aGVHD, while prior aGVHD predicted for cGVHD. Grades III–IV aGVHD led to worse survival whereas cGVHD had no significant effect on disease-free or overall survival. GVHD is prevalent after UCBT with severe aGVHD leading to higher mortality. Future research in UCBT should prioritize prevention of GVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-B Chen
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - T Wang
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.,Division of Biostatistics, Institute for Health and Society, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - M T Hemmer
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - C Brady
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, National Marrow Donor Program/Be The Match, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - D R Couriel
- Utah Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Adults, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - A Alousi
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - J Pidala
- H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - A Urbano-Ispizua
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS and Institute of Research Josep Carreras, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S W Choi
- The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - T Nishihori
- Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - T Teshima
- Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Y Inamoto
- Division of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - B Wirk
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplant, Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - D I Marks
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplant, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - H Abdel-Azim
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - L Lehmann
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - L Yu
- Division of Hematology/Oncology and HSCT, The Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's Hospital/Louisiana State University Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - M Bitan
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - M S Cairo
- Division of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - M Qayed
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, Australia
| | - R Salit
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - R P Gale
- Hematology Research Centre, Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - R Martino
- Division of Clinical Hematology, Hospital de la Santa Creu I Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Jaglowski
- Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - A Bajel
- Royal Melbourne Hospital City Campus, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - B Savani
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - H Frangoul
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - I D Lewis
- Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - J Storek
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - M Askar
- Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - M A Kharfan-Dabaja
- Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, H Lee Mofitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - M Aljurf
- Department of Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital Center and Research, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - O Ringden
- Division of Therapeutic Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Centre for Clinical Research Sormland, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - R Reshef
- Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program and Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - R F Olsson
- Division of Therapeutic Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Centre for Clinical Research Sormland, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - S Hashmi
- Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - S Seo
- National Cancer Research Center, East Hospital, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - T R Spitzer
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M L MacMillan
- University of Minnesota Medical Center, Fairview, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - A Lazaryan
- University of Minnesota Medical Center, Fairview, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - S R Spellman
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, National Marrow Donor Program/Be The Match, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - M Arora
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - C S Cutler
- Center for Hematologic Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
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29
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Choi
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, HKSAR
| | - D M H Lam
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Queen Mary Hospital, HKSAR
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Raj M, Choi SW, Platt J. A qualitative exploration of the informed consent process in hematopoietic cell transplantation clinical research and opportunities for improvement. Bone Marrow Transplant 2016; 52:292-298. [PMID: 27748736 DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2016.252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Informed consent (IC) struggles to meet the ethical principles it strives to embody in the context of hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Patients often participate in multiple clinical trials making it difficult to effectively inform the participants and fulfill complex regulations. The recent Notice of Proposed Rule Making would make major changes to federal requirements, providing a timely opportunity to evaluate existing practice. Twenty health care professionals within a Midwest Academic Medical Center involved in obtaining IC in the HCT clinic or involved in patient care during or after the IC process were interviewed to understand: (1) how they approached the IC process; (2) how they described a 'successful' IC process; and (3) opportunities for innovation. Narrative and discourse analyses of interviews indicate that providers understand IC to be a collaborative process requiring engagement and participation of providers, patients and caregivers. 'Markers of success' were identified including cognitive, affective and procedural markers focusing on patient understanding and comfort with the decision to participate. Opportunities for innovating the process included use of decision aids and tablet-based technology, and better use of patient portals. Our findings suggest specific interventions for the IC process that could support the process of consent for providers, patients and caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Raj
- Department of Learning Health Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - S W Choi
- Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - J Platt
- Department of Learning Health Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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31
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Choi
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - G T C Wong
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
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32
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Hong IH, Choi JY, Kim AY, Lee EM, Kim JH, Park JH, Choi SW, Jeong KS. Anti-rheumatoid arthritic effect of fermented Adlay and Achyranthes japonica Nakai on collagen-induced arthritis in mice. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2016.1202207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
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33
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Jang CB, Choi SW. Simulation and Damage Analysis of an Accidental Jet Fire in a High-Pressure Compressed Pump Shelter. Saf Health Work 2016; 8:42-48. [PMID: 28344840 PMCID: PMC5355529 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As one of the most frequently occurring accidents in a chemical plant, a fire accident may occur at any place where transfer or handling of combustible materials is routinely performed. METHODS In particular, a jet fire incident in a chemical plant operated under high pressure may bring severe damage. To review this event numerically, Computational Fluid Dynamics methodology was used to simulate a jet fire at a pipe of a compressor under high pressure. RESULTS For jet fire simulation, the Kemeleon FireEx Code was used, and results of this simulation showed that a structure and installations located within the shelter of a compressor received serious damage. CONCLUSION The results confirmed that a jet fire may create a domino effect that could cause an accident aside from the secondary chemical accident.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Bong Jang
- Bureau of Occupational Safety Research, Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Won Choi
- Bureau of Occupational Safety Research, Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
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34
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Choi SW, Lam DM, Irwin MG. Ghost in the machine. Hong Kong Med J 2016; 22:292-3. [PMID: 27305698 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj154695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S W Choi
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - D Mh Lam
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - M G Irwin
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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35
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Choi SW, Cheung CW. Don't judge a book by its cover, don't judge a study by its abstract. Common statistical errors seen in medical papers. Anaesthesia 2016; 71:843-5. [PMID: 27156782 DOI: 10.1111/anae.13506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S W Choi
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong.
| | - C W Cheung
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong
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36
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Affiliation(s)
- J Platt
- Department of Learning Health Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - D B Thiel
- Department of Health Management and Policy, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - S L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - S W Choi
- Blood Marrow Transplantation Program, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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37
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Choi
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - D H D Tran
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong
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38
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Choi
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - D M H Lam
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
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39
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Chughtai K, Song Y, Zhang P, Derstine B, Gatza E, Friedman J, Hully L, Inglis C, Goldstein S, Magenau J, Pawarode A, Reddy P, Riwes M, Yanik G, Wang SC, Choi SW. Analytic morphomics: a novel CT imaging approach to quantify adipose tissue and muscle composition in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2015; 51:446-50. [DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2015.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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40
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Choi SW, Lam DMH, Irwin MG. The dark side of the moon. Hong Kong Med J 2015; 21:476-7. [PMID: 26493081 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj154631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S W Choi
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - David M H Lam
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Michael G Irwin
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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41
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Shin HS, Bae MJ, Jung SY, See HJ, Kim YT, Do JR, Back SY, Choi SW, Shon DH. Enhancing Effect of Trachelogenin from Trachelospermi caulis Extract on Intestinal Barrier Function. Biol Pharm Bull 2015; 38:1707-13. [PMID: 26268064 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b15-00332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Trachelospermi caulis is used widely as an herbal medicine in oriental countries to attenuate fever and pain. We wished to reveal the novel function of this herb and its active component on barrier function in intestinal epithelial cells. Monolayers of intestinal epithelial cells (Caco-2) were used to evaluate the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and quantity of permeated ovalbumin (OVA) as indices of barrier function. T. caulis increased TEER values on cell monolayers and decreased OVA permeation across cell monolayers. To ascertain the active component of T. caulis, the extract was isolated to five fractions, and the effect of each of these fractions on intestinal barrier function examined. Chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions showed increased TEER values and decreased OVA flux. Chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions contained mainly trachelogenin and its glycoside, tracheloside. Trachelogenin increased TEER values and decreased OVA flux by enhancing the tight-junction protein occludin (but not tracheloside) in Caco-2 monolayers. These findings demonstrated that trachelogenin, an active component of T. caulis, might help to attenuate food allergy or inflammatory bowel disease through inhibition of allergen permeation or enhancement of the intestinal barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Soon Shin
- Division of Creative Food Science for Health, Korea Food Research Institute
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42
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Choi SW, Lam DMH. Please please me. Hong Kong Med J 2015; 22:85-6. [DOI: 10.12809/hkmj154738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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43
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Abstract
Previous studies support the important role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and syndecan-4 in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). Both VEGF and syndecan-4 are expressed by chondrocytes and both are involved in the regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-3, resulting in the activation of aggrecanase II (ADAMTS-5), which is essential in the pathogenesis of OA. However, the relationship between VEGF and syndecan-4 has not been established. As a pilot study, we assayed the expression of VEGF and syndecan-4 in cartilage samples and cultured chondrocytes from osteoarthritic knee joints and analysed the relationship between these two factors. Specimens were collected from 21 female patients (29 knees) who underwent total knee replacement due to severe medial OA of the knee (Kellgren-Lawrence grade 4). Articular cartilage samples, obtained from bone and cartilage excised during surgery, were analysed and used for chondrocyte culture. We found that the levels of expression of VEGF and syndecan-4 mRNA did not differ significantly between medial femoral cartilage with severe degenerative changes and lateral femoral cartilage that appeared grossly normal (p = 0.443 and 0.622, respectively). Likewise, the levels of expression of VEGF and syndecan-4 mRNA were similar in cultured chondrocytes from medial and lateral femoral cartilage. The levels of expression of VEGF and syndecan-4 mRNAs were significantly and positively correlated in cartilage explant (r = 0.601, p = 0.003) but not in cultured chondrocytes. These results suggest that there is a close relationship between VEGF and syndecan-4 in the cartilage of patients with OA. Further studies are needed to determine the exact pathway by which these two factors interact in the pathogenesis of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Oh
- University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ulsan University Hospital, 290-3 Jeonha-dong, Dong-gu, Ulsan 682-714, Korea
| | - Y S Youm
- University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ulsan University Hospital, 290-3 Jeonha-dong, Dong-gu, Ulsan 682-714, Korea
| | - S D Cho
- University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ulsan University Hospital, 290-3 Jeonha-dong, Dong-gu, Ulsan 682-714, Korea
| | - S W Choi
- University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ulsan University Hospital, 290-3 Jeonha-dong, Dong-gu, Ulsan 682-714, Korea
| | - Y J Cho
- University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ulsan University Hospital, 290-3 Jeonha-dong, Dong-gu, Ulsan 682-714, Korea
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44
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Cheung CW, Qiu Q, Ying ACL, Choi SW, Law WL, Irwin MG. The effects of intra-operative dexmedetomidine on postoperative pain, side-effects and recovery in colorectal surgery. Anaesthesia 2014; 69:1214-21. [PMID: 24915800 DOI: 10.1111/anae.12759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In this double-blind, randomised study, 100 patients undergoing open or conventional laparoscopic colorectal surgery received an intra-operative loading dose of dexmedetomidine 1 μg.kg(-1) followed by an infusion of 0.5 μg.kg(-1) .h(-1) , or a bolus and infusion of saline 0.9% of equivalent volume. Forty-six patients in the dexmedetomidine group and 50 in the saline group completed the study. The area under the curve of numerical rating scores for pain at rest for 1-48 h postoperatively was significantly lower in the patients receiving dexmedetomidine (p = 0.041). There was no difference in morphine consumption, duration of recovery ward or hospital stay. From the data obtained in this study, we calculated a number needed to treat for effective pain relief of 4. Intra-operative dexmedetomidine in colorectal surgery resulted in a reduction in resting pain scores, but there was no morphine-sparing effect or improvement in patients' recovery outcome measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- C W Cheung
- Laboratory and Clinical Research Institute for Pain, Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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45
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Choi SW, Moon EK, Park JY, Jung KW, Oh CM, Kong HJ, Won YJ. Trends in the incidence of and survival rates for oral cavity cancer in the Korean population. Oral Dis 2014; 20:773-9. [PMID: 24735459 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Revised: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study assessed trends in the incidence of and survival rates for oral cavity cancer in the Korean population. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data from the Korea Central Cancer Registry were extracted for 10,282 patients diagnosed with oral cavity cancer (C01-C06) between 1999 and 2010 to evaluate the age-standardised incidence rate, annual percentage change (APC) and 5-year relative survival rate (RSR) according to gender and age. RESULTS In males, the incidence rate slightly decreased [APC of -0.2% (P = 0.6427)]; in females, the incidence rate increased [APC of 3.1% (P < 0.05)]. In males and females, the incidence of oral tongue cancer (C02) significantly increased [APC of 2.2% and 4.1%, respectively (P < 0.05)]. This increase in oral tongue cancer incidence was most prominent in the younger age group (<40 years, APC = 6.1%, P < 0.05). The incidence of buccal cheek cancer increased only among males [APC of 4.8% (P < 0.05)]. The 5-year RSR improved from 42.7% (1993-1995) to 59.5% (2006-2010), corresponding to an increase of 16.8% from 1993 to 2010 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The incidence of oral cavity cancer in females increased, whereas it stabilised or decreased in males. However, the incidence of oral tongue cancer increased in both males and females, especially in the younger age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Choi
- Oral Oncology Clinic, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
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46
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Kim EO, Kwon TK, Choi SW. Diferuloylputrescine, a Predominant Phenolic Amide in Corn Bran, Potently Induces Apoptosis in Human Leukemia U937 Cells. J Med Food 2014; 17:519-26. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2013.2913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ok Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan, Korea
| | - Taeg-Kyu Kwon
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sang-Won Choi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan, Korea
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47
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Baek SJ, Nam GE, Han KD, Choi SW, Jung SW, Bok AR, Kim YH, Lee KS, Han BD, Kim DH. Sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity and their association with dyslipidemia in Korean elderly men: the 2008-2010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. J Endocrinol Invest 2014; 37:247-60. [PMID: 24615361 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-013-0011-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, aging has been shown to be associated with sarcopenic obesity (SO), of which decreased muscle mass and increased fat mass are features. Sarcopenia and obesity alone are known to be associated with abnormal lipid metabolism. However, it remains unclear whether SO has greater adverse effects on dyslipidemia than on sarcopenia or obesity alone. AIM We aimed to investigate the association between SO and dyslipidemia in elderly Koreans. SUBJECTS AND METHODS This study was based on data collected during the 2008-2010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We included 1,466 men and 2,017 women aged 65 years and over. Sarcopenia was indicated in participants with height- or weight-adjusted appendicular skeletal muscle that was 1 standard deviation below the sex-specific mean for the young reference group, and obesity was defined as a body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m(2). Dyslipidemia was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III. RESULTS After adjusting for confounding factors, the SO group had a higher risk for dyslipidemia [odds ratio (OR) 2.82 (95 % confidence interval 1.76-4.51)] than the obese group [2.12 (1.11-4.07)] and sarcopenic group [1.46 (1.01-2.11)] (p < 0.001) only in men. Furthermore, the SO group in men had the highest OR for hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hypo-high-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia, hyper-low-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia, and a high ratio of triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol even after further adjustments. CONCLUSIONS In Korean elderly men, SO was associated with an increased risk for dyslipidemia compared with sarcopenia or obesity alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Baek
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Mo HW, Jung YH, Jeong JS, Choi KH, Choi SW, Park CS, Choi MA, Kim ML, Kim MS. Quality Characteristics of Vinegar Fermented Using Omija (Schizandra chinensis Baillon). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.3746/jkfn.2013.42.3.441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Oh HJ, Park EJ, Lee SY, Soh JW, Kong IS, Choi SW, Ra JC, Kang SK, Lee BC. Comparison of cell proliferation and epigenetic modification of gene expression patterns in canine foetal fibroblasts and adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Cell Prolif 2012; 45:438-44. [PMID: 22925503 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2184.2012.00838.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study compared rate of cell proliferation, viability, cell size, expression patterns of genes related to pluripotency and epigenetic modification between canine foetal fibroblasts (cFF) and canine adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (cAd-MSC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Proliferation pattern, cell viability as well as cell size at each passage of cFF and cAd-MSC were measured when cultures reached confluence. In addition, real-time PCR was performed to investigate expression of Dnmt1, HDAC1, OCT4, SOX2, BAX, BCL2 genes with reference to β-actin gene expression as an endogenous control in both cell lines. RESULTS cFF and cAd-MSC differed in number of generations, but not in doubling times, at all passages. Mean cell size of cAd-MSC was significantly smaller than that of cFF. Cell viability was significantly lower in cFFs and apoptotic level was significantly lower in cAd-MSC compared to passage-matched cFF. In the expression of genes related to pluripotency and epigenetic modification, level of HDAC1 in cAd-MSC was significantly higher than in cFF, but expression of Dnmt1 did not differ between the two groups. OCT4 and SOX2 were significantly more highly expressed in cAd-MSC compared to cFF. CONCLUSIONS cAd-MSC have higher stem-cell potential than cFF in terms of proliferation patterns, epigenetic modification and pluripotency, thus cAd-MSC could be more appropriate than cFF as donors of nuclei in somatic cell nuclear transfer for transgenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Oh
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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Lee SG, Lee EJ, Park WD, Kim JB, Kim EO, Choi SW. Anti-inflammatory and anti-osteoarthritis effects of fermented Achyranthes japonica Nakai. J Ethnopharmacol 2012; 142:634-641. [PMID: 22668504 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2012] [Revised: 04/23/2012] [Accepted: 05/11/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Achyranthyes japonica Nakai (AJN) has been traditionally used to control pain and improve dysfunction in osteoarthritis (OA) patients. AIM OF THE STUDY The objectives of the present study were to investigate anti-inflammatory and anti-osteoarthritis activities of fermented AJN (FAJN). MATERIALS AND METHODS Anti-inflammatory activity of non-fermented AJN (NFAJN) and FAJN was evaluated by in vitro assay using LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. In addition, their cartilage protective effects were also determined in vitro assay using SW1353 cell and in vivo model system using collagenase-induced arthritis (CIA) in rabbits. Moreover, we isolated and identified 20-hydroxyecdysone (20-HES) as a marker component in FAJN. RESULT FAJN showed stronger anti-inflammatory activity than NFAJN through inhibiting production of NO and PGE2 in LPS-induced RAW 264.7, and lowering levels of MMP-3 release in SW1353 cells treated with TNF-a. FAJN contained higher levels of 20-HES, as a marker component, than AJN. FAJN ameliorates the progress of OA by inhibiting local inflammation. It does this by regulating levels of TNF-a and IL-4, and protecting articular cartilage by preventing destruction of proteoglycan, collagens, and also preventing injury to chondrocytes. CONCLUSION Therefore, FAJN is a potential therapeutic agent for reduction of cartilage damage that occurs in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Gyu Lee
- Bio Research Institute, NUC Electronics Co. Ltd, Daegu 702-053, Republic of Korea.
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