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Sun D, Zhao L, Lin J, Zhao Y, Zheng Y. Cationic liposome co-encapsulation of SMAC mimetic and zVAD using a novel lipid bilayer fusion loaded with MLKL-pDNA for tumour inhibition in vivo. J Drug Target 2017. [PMID: 28649853 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2017.1339192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Linshu Zhao
- Division of Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Junzhong Lin
- Department of Colorectal Surgery,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
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Wang T, Jin Y, Yang W, Zhang L, Jin X, Liu X, He Y, Li X. Necroptosis in cancer: An angel or a demon? Tumour Biol 2017. [PMID: 28651499 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317711539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past few decades, apoptosis has been regarded as the only form of programmed cell death. However, the traditional view has been challenged by the identification of several forms of regulated necrosis, including necroptosis. Necroptosis is typified by a necrotic cell death morphology and is controlled by RIP1, RIP3, and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein. The physiological role of necroptosis is to serve as a "fail-safe" form of cell death for cells that fail to undergo apoptosis during embryonic development and disease defense. Currently, established studies have indicated that necroptosis is involved in cancer initiation and progression. Although elevated necroptosis contributes to cancer cell death, extensive cell death also increases the risk of proliferation and metastasis of the surviving cells by inducing the generation reactive oxygen species, activation of inflammation, and suppression of the immune response. Thus, questions regarding the overall impact of necroptosis on cancer remain open. In this review, we introduce the basic knowledge regarding necroptosis, summarize its dual effects on cancer progression, and analyze its advantages and disadvantages in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianzhen Wang
- 1 Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yinji Jin
- 1 Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Weiwei Yang
- 1 Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- 1 Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoming Jin
- 1 Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xi Liu
- 2 Department of Cardiovascular, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, China
| | - Yan He
- 1 Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- 1 Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Sun W, Wu X, Gao H, Yu J, Zhao W, Lu JJ, Wang J, Du G, Chen X. Cytosolic calcium mediates RIP1/RIP3 complex-dependent necroptosis through JNK activation and mitochondrial ROS production in human colon cancer cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 108:433-444. [PMID: 28414098 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Necroptosis is a form of programmed necrosis mediated by signaling complexes with receptor-interacting protein 1 (RIP1) and RIP3 kinases as the main mediators. However, the underlying execution pathways of this phenomenon have yet to be elucidated in detail. In this study, a RIP1/RIP3 complex was formed in 2-methoxy-6-acetyl-7-methyljuglone (MAM)-treated HCT116 and HT29 colon cancer cells. With this formation, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels increased, mitochondrial depolarization occurred, and ATP concentrations decreased. This process was identified as necroptosis. This finding was confirmed by experiments showing that MAM-induced cell death was attenuated by the pharmacological or genetic blockage of necroptosis signaling, including RIP1 inhibitor necrostatin-1s (Nec-1s) and siRNA-mediated gene silencing of RIP1 and RIP3, but was unaffected by caspase inhibitor z-vad-fmk or necrosis inhibitor 2-(1H-Indol-3-yl)-3-pentylamino-maleimide (IM54). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis further revealed the ultrastructural features of MAM-induced necroptosis. MAM-induced RIP1/RIP3 complex triggered necroptosis through cytosolic calcium (Ca2+) accumulation and sustained c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation. Both calcium chelator BAPTA-AM and JNK inhibitor SP600125 could attenuate necroptotic features, including mitochondrial ROS elevation, mitochondrial depolarization, and ATP depletion. 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone (TTFA), which is a mitochondrial complex II inhibitor, was found to effectively reverse both MAM induced mitochondrial ROS generation and cell death, indicating the complex II was the ROS-producing site. The essential role of mitochondrial ROS was confirmed by the protective effect of overexpression of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD). MAM-induced necroptosis was independent of TNFα, p53, MLKL, and lysosomal membrane permeabilization. In summary, our study demonstrated that RIP1/RIP3 complex-triggered cytosolic calcium accumulation is a critical mediator in MAM-induced necroptosis through sustained JNK activation and mitochondrial ROS production. Our study also provided new insights into the molecular regulation of necroptosis in human colon cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Xiaxia Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Hongwei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Jie Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Wenwen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Jin-Jian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Jinhua Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Guanhua Du
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiuping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China.
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Arora D, Sharma PK, Siddiqui MH, Shukla Y. Necroptosis: Modules and molecular switches with therapeutic implications. Biochimie 2017; 137:35-45. [PMID: 28263777 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2017.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Among the various programmed cell death (PCD) pathways, "Necroptosis" has gained much importance as a novel paradigm of cell death. This pathway has emerged as a backup mechanism when physiologically conserved PCD (apoptosis) is non-functional either genetically or pathogenically. The expanding spectrum of necroptosis from physiological development to diverse patho-physiological disorders, including xenobiotics-mediated toxicity has now grabbed the attention worldwide. The efficient role of necroptosis regulators in disease development and management are under constant examination. In fact, few regulators (e.g. MLKL) have already paved their way towards clinical trials and others are in queue. In this review, emphasis has been paid to the various contributing factors and molecular switches that can regulate necroptosis. Here we linked the overview of current knowledge of this enigmatic signaling with magnitude of therapeutics that may underpin the opportunities for novel therapeutic approaches to suppress the pathogenesis of necroptosis-driven disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Arora
- Environmental Carcinogenesis & Proteomics Laboratory, Food, Drug & Chemical Toxicology Group, VishvigyanBhawan 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Integral University, Lucknow, 226026, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar Sharma
- Environmental Carcinogenesis & Proteomics Laboratory, Food, Drug & Chemical Toxicology Group, VishvigyanBhawan 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohammed Haris Siddiqui
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Integral University, Lucknow, 226026, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Yogeshwer Shukla
- Environmental Carcinogenesis & Proteomics Laboratory, Food, Drug & Chemical Toxicology Group, VishvigyanBhawan 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Tewary P, Gunatilaka AAL, Sayers TJ. Using natural products to promote caspase-8-dependent cancer cell death. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2017; 66:223-231. [PMID: 27286684 PMCID: PMC11029654 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-016-1855-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The selective killing of cancer cells without toxicity to normal nontransformed cells is an idealized goal of cancer therapy. Thus, there has been much interest in tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), a protein that appears to selectively kill cancer cells. TRAIL has been reported to trigger apoptosis and under some circumstances, an alternate death signaling pathway termed necroptosis. The relative importance of necroptosis for cell death induction in vivo is under intensive investigation. Nonetheless, many cancer cells (particularly those freshly isolated from cancer patients) are highly resistant to TRAIL-mediated cell death. Therefore, there is an underlying interest in identifying agents that can be combined with TRAIL to improve its efficacy. There are numerous reports in which combination of TRAIL with standard antineoplastic drugs has resulted in enhanced cancer cell death in vitro. However, many of these chemotherapeutic drugs are nonspecific and associated with adverse effects, which raise serious concerns for cancer therapy in patients. By contrast, natural products have been shown to be safer and efficacious alternatives. Recently, a number of studies have suggested that certain natural products when combined with TRAIL can enhance cancer cell death. In this review, we highlight molecular pathways that might be targeted by various natural products to promote cell death, and focus on our recent work with withanolides as TRAIL sensitizers. Finally, we will suggest synergistic approaches for combining active withanolides with various forms of immunotherapy to promote cancer cell death and an effective antitumor immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Tewary
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA.
- Basic Sciences Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA.
| | - A A Leslie Gunatilaka
- Natural Products Center, School of Natural Resources and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Thomas J Sayers
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA.
- Basic Sciences Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA.
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Guamán-Ortiz LM, Orellana MIR, Ratovitski EA. Natural Compounds As Modulators of Non-apoptotic Cell Death in Cancer Cells. Curr Genomics 2017; 18:132-155. [PMID: 28367073 PMCID: PMC5345338 DOI: 10.2174/1389202917666160803150639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell death is an innate capability of cells to be removed from microenvironment, if and when they are damaged by multiple stresses. Cell death is often regulated by multiple molecular pathways and mechanism, including apoptosis, autophagy, and necroptosis. The molecular network underlying these processes is often intertwined and one pathway can dynamically shift to another one acquiring certain protein components, in particular upon treatment with various drugs. The strategy to treat human cancer ultimately relies on the ability of anticancer therapeutics to induce tumor-specific cell death, while leaving normal adjacent cells undamaged. However, tumor cells often develop the resistance to the drug-induced cell death, thus representing a great challenge for the anticancer approaches. Numerous compounds originated from the natural sources and biopharmaceutical industries are applied today in clinics showing advantageous results. However, some exhibit serious toxic side effects. Thus, novel effective therapeutic approaches in treating cancers are continued to be developed. Natural compounds with anticancer activity have gained a great interest among researchers and clinicians alike since they have shown more favorable safety and efficacy then the synthetic marketed drugs. Numerous studies in vitro and in vivo have found that several natural compounds display promising anticancer potentials. This review underlines certain information regarding the role of natural compounds from plants, microorganisms and sea life forms, which are able to induce non-apoptotic cell death in tumor cells, namely autophagy and necroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Miguel Guamán-Ortiz
- 1 Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, Ecuador ; 2 Head and Neck Cancer Research Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Maria Isabel Ramirez Orellana
- 1 Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, Ecuador ; 2 Head and Neck Cancer Research Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Edward A Ratovitski
- 1 Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, Ecuador ; 2 Head and Neck Cancer Research Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Ma ZG, Ma R, Xiao XL, Zhang YH, Zhang XZ, Hu N, Gao JL, Zheng YF, Dong DL, Sun ZJ. Azo polymeric micelles designed for colon-targeted dimethyl fumarate delivery for colon cancer therapy. Acta Biomater 2016; 44:323-31. [PMID: 27544813 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Colon-targeted drug delivery and circumventing drug resistance are extremely important for colon cancer chemotherapy. Our previous work found that dimethyl fumarate (DMF), the approved drug by the FDA for the treatment of multiple sclerosis, exhibited anti-tumor activity on colon cancer cells. Based on the pharmacological properties of DMF and azo bond in olsalazine chemical structure, we designed azo polymeric micelles for colon-targeted dimethyl fumarate delivery for colon cancer therapy. We synthesized the star-shape amphiphilic polymer with azo bond and fabricated the DMF-loaded azo polymeric micelles. The four-arm polymer star-PCL-azo-mPEG (sPCEG-azo) (constituted by star-shape PCL (polycaprolactone) and mPEG (methoxypolyethylene glycols)-olsalazine) showed self-assembly ability. The average diameter and polydispersity index of the DMF-loaded sPCEG-azo polymeric micelles were 153.6nm and 0.195, respectively. In vitro drug release study showed that the cumulative release of DMF from the DMF-loaded sPCEG-azo polymeric micelles was no more than 20% in rat gastric fluid within 10h, whereas in the rat colonic fluids, the cumulative release of DMF reached 60% in the initial 2h and 100% within 10h, indicating that the DMF-loaded sPCEG-azo polymeric micelles had excellent colon-targeted property. The DMF-loaded sPCEG-azo polymeric micelles had no significant cytotoxicity on colon cancer cells in phosphate buffered solution (PBS) and rat gastric fluid. In rat colonic fluid, the micelles showed significant cytotoxic effect on colon cancer cells. The blank sPCEG-azo polymeric micelles (without DMF) showed no cytotoxic effect on colon cancer cells in rat colonic fluids. In conclusion, the DMF-loaded sPCEG-azo polymeric micelles show colon-targeted DMF release and anti-tumor activity, providing a novel approach potential for colon cancer therapy. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Colon-targeted drug delivery and circumventing drug resistance are extremely important for colon cancer chemotherapy. Our previous work found that dimethyl fumarate (DMF), the approved drug by the FDA for the treatment of multiple sclerosis, exhibited anti-tumor activities on colon cancer cells (Br J Pharmacol. 2015 172(15):3929-43.). Based on the pharmacological properties of DMF and azo bond in olsalazine chemical structure, we designed azo polymeric micelles for colon-targeted dimethyl fumarate delivery for colon cancer therapy. We found that the DMF-loaded sPCEG-azo polymeric micelles showed colon-targeted DMF release and anti-tumor activities, providing a novel approach potential for colon cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Gang Ma
- Institute of Materials Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing & Center for Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, PR China
| | - Rui Ma
- Institute of Materials Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing & Center for Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, PR China
| | - Xiao-Lin Xiao
- Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, PR China; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, PR China
| | - Yong-Hui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, PR China; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, PR China
| | - Xin-Zi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, PR China; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, PR China
| | - Nan Hu
- Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, PR China; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, PR China
| | - Jin-Lai Gao
- Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, PR China; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, PR China
| | - Yu-Feng Zheng
- Institute of Materials Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing & Center for Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, PR China
| | - De-Li Dong
- Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, PR China; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, PR China
| | - Zhi-Jie Sun
- Institute of Materials Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing & Center for Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, PR China.
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Kharaziha P, Chioureas D, Baltatzis G, Fonseca P, Rodriguez P, Gogvadze V, Lennartsson L, Björklund AC, Zhivotovsky B, Grandér D, Egevad L, Nilsson S, Panaretakis T. Sorafenib-induced defective autophagy promotes cell death by necroptosis. Oncotarget 2016; 6:37066-82. [PMID: 26416459 PMCID: PMC4741916 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is one of the main cytoprotective mechanisms that cancer cells deploy to withstand the cytotoxic stress and survive the lethal damage induced by anti-cancer drugs. However, under specific conditions, autophagy may, directly or indirectly, induce cell death. In our study, treatment of the Atg5-deficient DU145 prostate cancer cells, with the multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor, sorafenib, induces mitochondrial damage, autophagy and cell death. Molecular inhibition of autophagy by silencing ULK1 and Beclin1 rescues DU145 cells from cell death indicating that, in this setting, autophagy promotes cell death. Re-expression of Atg5 restores the lipidation of LC3 and rescues DU145 and MEF atg5−/− cells from sorafenib-induced cell death. Despite the lack of Atg5 expression and LC3 lipidation, DU145 cells form autophagosomes as demonstrated by transmission and immuno-electron microscopy, and the formation of LC3 positive foci. However, the lack of cellular content in the autophagosomes, the accumulation of long-lived proteins, the presence of GFP-RFP-LC3 positive foci and the accumulated p62 protein levels indicate that these autophagosomes may not be fully functional. DU145 cells treated with sorafenib undergo a caspase-independent cell death that is inhibited by the RIPK1 inhibitor, necrostatin-1. Furthermore, treatment with sorafenib induces the interaction of RIPK1 with p62, as demonstrated by immunoprecipitation and a proximity ligation assay. Silencing of p62 decreases the RIPK1 protein levels and renders necrostatin-1 ineffective in blocking sorafenib-induced cell death. In summary, the formation of Atg5-deficient autophagosomes in response to sorafenib promotes the interaction of p62 with RIPK leading to cell death by necroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedram Kharaziha
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Centrum Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dimitris Chioureas
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Centrum Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - George Baltatzis
- Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Pedro Fonseca
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Centrum Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patricia Rodriguez
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vladimir Gogvadze
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Division of Toxicology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lena Lennartsson
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Centrum Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ann-Charlotte Björklund
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Centrum Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Boris Zhivotovsky
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Division of Toxicology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dan Grandér
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Centrum Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Egevad
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Centrum Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sten Nilsson
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Centrum Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Theocharis Panaretakis
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Centrum Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Hannes S, Abhari BA, Fulda S. Smac mimetic triggers necroptosis in pancreatic carcinoma cells when caspase activation is blocked. Cancer Lett 2016; 380:31-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Mizumura K, Maruoka S, Gon Y, Choi AMK, Hashimoto S. The role of necroptosis in pulmonary diseases. Respir Investig 2016; 54:407-412. [PMID: 27886851 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
By regulating the cell number and eliminating harmful cells, programmed cell death plays a critical role in development, homeostasis, and disease. While apoptosis is a recognized form of programmed cell death, necrosis was considered a type of uncontrolled cell death induced by extreme physical or chemical stress. However, recent studies have revealed the existence of a genetically programmed and regulated form of necrosis, termed necroptosis. Necroptosis is defined as necrotic cell death that is dependent on receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3). RIPK3, receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1), and a mixed-lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL) form a multiprotein complex called a necrosome. Although necroptosis generally provides a cell-autonomous host defense, on the other hand, cell rupture caused by necroptosis induces inflammation through the release of damage-associated molecular patterns, such as mitochondrial DNA, HMGB1, and IL-1. Previously, necroptosis was considered an alternative to apoptosis, but it is becoming increasingly clear that necroptosis itself is relevant to clinical disease, independent of apoptosis. According to some recent studies, autophagy, a cellular process for organelle and protein turnover, regulates necroptosis. This review outlines the principal components of necroptosis and provides an overview of the emerging importance of necroptosis in the pathogenesis of pulmonary disease, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, infection, and sepsis. We also discuss the molecular relationship between necroptosis and autophagy. Strategies targeting necroptosis may yield novel therapies for pulmonary diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Mizumura
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Shuichiro Maruoka
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiro Gon
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Augustine M K Choi
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Shu Hashimoto
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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Ellegaard AM, Dehlendorff C, Vind AC, Anand A, Cederkvist L, Petersen NHT, Nylandsted J, Stenvang J, Mellemgaard A, Østerlind K, Friis S, Jäättelä M. Repurposing Cationic Amphiphilic Antihistamines for Cancer Treatment. EBioMedicine 2016; 9:130-139. [PMID: 27333030 PMCID: PMC4972561 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the deadliest cancers worldwide. In search for new NSCLC treatment options, we screened a cationic amphiphilic drug (CAD) library for cytotoxicity against NSCLC cells and identified several CAD antihistamines as inducers of lysosomal cell death. We then performed a cohort study on the effect of CAD antihistamine use on mortality of patients diagnosed with non-localized cancer in Denmark between 1995 and 2011. The use of the most commonly prescribed CAD antihistamine, loratadine, was associated with significantly reduced all-cause mortality among patients with non-localized NSCLC or any non-localized cancer when compared with use of non-CAD antihistamines and adjusted for potential confounders. Of the less frequently described CAD antihistamines, astemizole showed a similar significant association with reduced mortality as loratadine among patients with any non-localized cancer, and ebastine use showed a similar tendency. The association between CAD antihistamine use and reduced mortality was stronger among patients with records of concurrent chemotherapy than among those without such records. In line with this, sub-micromolar concentrations of loratadine, astemizole and ebastine sensitized NSCLC cells to chemotherapy and reverted multidrug resistance in NSCLC, breast and prostate cancer cells. Thus, CAD antihistamines may improve the efficacy of cancer chemotherapy. Use of cationic amphiphilic antihistamines is associated with reduced mortality among patients with non-localized cancer. Clinically relevant concentrations of cationic amphiphilic antihistamines sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapy. Clinically relevant concentrations of cationic amphiphilic antihistamines revert multidrug resistance. Research Context Cationic amphiphilic drugs (CADs) induce lysosomal membrane permeabilization and cell death preferentially in cancer cells. Here, we show that antihistamines with CAD structure, i.e. astemizole, ebastine and loratadine, sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapy and revert multidrug resistance even at low, clinically relevant concentrations. The significance of these experimental findings is supported by an association between CAD antihistamine use and reduced mortality among patients diagnosed with non-localized cancer, especially among those receiving concurrent chemotherapy. These findings are immediately translatable to clinical trials, as loratadine and ebastine, are safe, inexpensive and approved for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Marie Ellegaard
- Cell Death & Metabolism, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Dehlendorff
- Statistics, Bioinformatics & Registry, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna C Vind
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Section for Molecular Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen University, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Atul Anand
- Cell Death & Metabolism, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Luise Cederkvist
- Statistics, Bioinformatics & Registry, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nikolaj H T Petersen
- Cell Death & Metabolism, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper Nylandsted
- Cell Death & Metabolism, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jan Stenvang
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Section for Molecular Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen University, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Mellemgaard
- Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Kell Østerlind
- Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, DK-2200 DK-2730 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Friis
- Statistics, Bioinformatics & Registry, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marja Jäättelä
- Cell Death & Metabolism, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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62
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Philipp S, Sosna J, Adam D. Cancer and necroptosis: friend or foe? Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:2183-93. [PMID: 27048810 PMCID: PMC11108265 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2193-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Regulated cell death is one major factor to ensure homoeostasis in multicellular organisms. For decades, apoptosis was considered as the sole form of regulated cell death, whereas necrosis was believed to be accidental and unregulated. Due to this view, research on necrosis was somewhat neglected, especially in the field of anti-cancer treatment. However, new interest in necrosis has been sparked by the recent discovery of different forms of necrosis that show indeed regulated pathways. More and more studies now address the molecular pathways of regulated necrosis and its connections within the cellular signaling networks. Necroptosis, a subform of regulated necrosis, has so far hardly been focused on with regard to a future treatment of cancer patients and may emerge as a novel and effective approach to eliminate tumor cells. However, and similar to apoptosis, tumor cells can develop resistances against necroptosis to ensure their own survival. In this context, new molecules that enhance necroptosis are currently being identified to overcome such resistances. This review discusses cancer and necroptosis as friends or foes, i.e. the options to exploit necroptosis in anti-cancer therapies ("foes"), but also potential limitations that may block or actually cause necroptosis to act in a protumoral manner ("friends"). The balance between these two possible roles will determine whether necroptosis can indeed be used as a promising tool for early diagnosis of tumors, prevention of metastasis and anti-cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Philipp
- Institut für Immunologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, Michaelisstraße 5, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Justyna Sosna
- Institut für Immunologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, Michaelisstraße 5, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Dieter Adam
- Institut für Immunologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, Michaelisstraße 5, 24105, Kiel, Germany.
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63
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Aaes T, Kaczmarek A, Delvaeye T, De Craene B, De Koker S, Heyndrickx L, Delrue I, Taminau J, Wiernicki B, De Groote P, Garg A, Leybaert L, Grooten J, Bertrand M, Agostinis P, Berx G, Declercq W, Vandenabeele P, Krysko D. Vaccination with Necroptotic Cancer Cells Induces Efficient Anti-tumor Immunity. Cell Rep 2016; 15:274-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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64
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Dillon CP, Green DR. Molecular Cell Biology of Apoptosis and Necroptosis in Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 930:1-23. [PMID: 27558815 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-39406-0_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cell death is a major mechanism to eliminate cells in which DNA is damaged, organelles are stressed, or oncogenes are overexpressed, all events that would otherwise predispose cells to oncogenic transformation. The pathways that initiate and execute cell death are complex, genetically encoded, and subject to significant regulation. Consequently, while these pathways are often mutated in malignancy, there is considerable interest in inducing cell death in tumor cells as therapy. This chapter addresses our current understanding of molecular mechanisms contributing to two cell death pathways, apoptotic cell death and necroptosis, a regulated form of necrotic cell death. Apoptosis can be induced by a wide variety of signals, leading to protease activation that dismantles the cell. We discuss the physiological importance of each apoptosis pathway and summarize their known roles in cancer suppression and the current efforts at targeting each pathway therapeutically. The intricate mechanistic link between death receptor-mediated apoptosis and necroptosis is described, as well as the potential opportunities for utilizing necroptosis in the treatment of malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher P Dillon
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA.
| | - Douglas R Green
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA.
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65
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Inhibition of caspases primes colon cancer cells for 5-fluorouracil-induced TNF-α-dependent necroptosis driven by RIP1 kinase and NF-κB. Oncogene 2015; 35:3399-409. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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66
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Shahsavari Z, Karami-Tehrani F, Salami S, Ghasemzadeh M. RIP1K and RIP3K provoked by shikonin induce cell cycle arrest in the triple negative breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-468: necroptosis as a desperate programmed suicide pathway. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:4479-91. [PMID: 26496737 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4258-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to cell death and reprogramming of metabolism are important in neoplastic cells. Increased resistance to apoptosis and recurrence of tumors are the major roadblocks to effective treatment of triple negative breast cancer. It has been thought that execution of necroptosis involves ROS generation and mitochondrial dysfunction in malignant cells. In this study, the effect of shikonin, an active substance from the dried root of Lithospermum erythrorhizon, on the induction of necroptosis or apoptosis, via RIP1K-RIP3K expressions has been examined in the triple negative breast cancer cell line. The expression levels of RIP1K and RIP3K, caspase-3 and caspase-8 activities, the levels of ROS, and mitochondrial membrane potential have been studied in the shikonin-treated MDA-MB-468 cell line. An increase in the ROS levels and a reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential have been observed in the shikonin-treated cells. Cell death has mainly occurred through necroptosis with a significant increase in the RIP1K and RIP3K expressions, and characteristic morphological changes have been observed. In the presence of Nec-1, caspase-3 mediating apoptosis has occurred in the shikonin-treated cells. The current findings have revealed that shikonin provoked mitochondrial ROS production in the triple negative breast cancer cell line, which works as a double-edged executioner's ax in the execution of necroptosis or apoptosis. The main route of cell death induced by shikonin is RIP1K-RIP3K-mediated necroptosis, but in the presence of Nec-1, apoptosis has prevailed. The present results shed a new light on the possible treatment of drug-resistant triple negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Shahsavari
- Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 14115-331, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Karami-Tehrani
- Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 14115-331, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Siamak Salami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehran Ghasemzadeh
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
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67
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Xie X, Zhao Y, Ma CY, Xu XM, Zhang YQ, Wang CG, Jin J, Shen X, Gao JL, Li N, Sun ZJ, Dong DL. Dimethyl fumarate induces necroptosis in colon cancer cells through GSH depletion/ROS increase/MAPKs activation pathway. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 172:3929-43. [PMID: 25953698 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2014] [Revised: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is a newly approved drug for the treatment of relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis and relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Here, we investigated the effects of DMF and its metabolites mono-methylfumarate (MMF and methanol) on different gastrointestinal cancer cell lines and the underlying molecular mechanisms involved. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Cell viability was measured by the MTT or CCK8 assay. Protein expressions were measured by Western blot analysis. LDH release, live- and dead-cell staining, intracellular GSH levels, and mitochondrial membrane potential were examined by using commercial kits. KEY RESULTS DMF but not MMF induced cell necroptosis, as demonstrated by the pharmacological tool necrostatin-1, transmission electron microscopy, LDH and HMGB1 release in CT26 cells. The DMF-induced decrease in cellular GSH levels as well as cell viability and increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) were inhibited by co-treatment with GSH and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in CT26 cells. DMF activated JNK, p38 and ERK MAPKs in CT26 cells and JNK, p38 and ERK inhibitors partially reversed the DMF-induced decrease in cell viability. GSH or NAC treatment inhibited DMF-induced JNK, p38, and ERK activation in CT26 cells. DMF but not MMF increased autophagy responses in SGC-7901, HCT116, HT29 and CT26 cancer cells, but autophagy inhibition did not prevent the DMF-induced decrease in cell viability. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS DMF but not its metabolite MMF induced necroptosis in colon cancer cells through a mechanism involving the depletion of GSH, an increase in ROS and activation of MAPKs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xie
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chun-Yan Ma
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Xu
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yan-Qiu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chen-Guang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jing Jin
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xin Shen
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jin-Lai Gao
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhi-Jie Sun
- Center for Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China
| | - De-Li Dong
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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68
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Ratovitski EA. Phospho-ΔNp63α-responsive microRNAs contribute to the regulation of necroptosis in squamous cell carcinoma upon cisplatin exposure. FEBS Lett 2015; 589:1352-8. [PMID: 25910754 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2015.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Revised: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study shows that specific microRNAs differentially regulated by ΔNp63α in cisplatin-sensitive and resistant squamous cell carcinoma (SSC) cells of larynx and tongue affect the expression of members of the necroptotic pathway CYLD, RIPK1, and MLKL. Different degrees of protein interaction between necroptotic signaling intermediates were also observed in SCC cells sensitive or resistant to cisplatin. Modulation of RIPK1 with miR-101-3p mimic or inhibitor, as well as with siRNA, or chemical inhibitors was shown to affect sensitivity of SCC cells to cisplatin. This is the first report showing the modulatory effect of ΔNp63α-responsive microRNAs on the specific members of necroptotic pathway in SCC tumor cells variably responding to platinum chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward A Ratovitski
- Head and Neck Cancer Research Division, Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.
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69
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Dzmitruk V, Szulc A, Shcharbin D, Janaszewska A, Shcharbina N, Lazniewska J, Novopashina D, Buyanova M, Ionov M, Klajnert-Maculewicz B, Gómez-Ramirez R, Mignani S, Majoral JP, Muñoz-Fernández MA, Bryszewska M. Anticancer siRNA cocktails as a novel tool to treat cancer cells. Part (B). Efficiency of pharmacological action. Int J Pharm 2015; 485:288-94. [PMID: 25796120 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Revised: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This paper examines a perspective to use newly engineered nanomaterials as effective and safe carriers for gene therapy of cancer. Three different groups of cationic dendrimers (PAMAM, phosphorus, and carbosilane) were complexed with anticancer siRNA and the biophysical properties of the dendriplexes created were analyzed. The potential of the dendrimers as nanocarriers for anticancer Bcl-xl, Bcl-2, Mcl-1 siRNAs and additionally a scrambled sequence siRNA has been explored. Dendrimer/siRNA complexes were characterised by various methods including fluorescence, zeta potential, dynamic light scattering, circular dichroism, gel electrophoresis and transmission electron microscopy. In this part of study, the transfection of complexes in HeLa and HL-60 cells was analyzed using both single apoptotic siRNAs and a mixture (cocktail) of them. Cocktails were more effective than single siRNAs, allowing one to decrease siRNAs concentration in treating cells. The dendrimers were compared as siRNA carriers, the most effective being the phosphorus-based ones. However, they were also the most cytotoxic on their own, so that in this regard the application of all dendrimers in anticancer therapy will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volha Dzmitruk
- Institute of Biophysics and Cell Engineering of NASB, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Aleksandra Szulc
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Dzmitry Shcharbin
- Institute of Biophysics and Cell Engineering of NASB, Minsk, Belarus.
| | - Anna Janaszewska
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Natallia Shcharbina
- Republican Research and Practical Center of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Joanna Lazniewska
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Darya Novopashina
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Marina Buyanova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Maksim Ionov
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Barbara Klajnert-Maculewicz
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland; Leibniz-Institut fur Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., HoheStrasse 6,01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Rafael Gómez-Ramirez
- Departamento Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Spain
| | - Serge Mignani
- Université Paris Descartes, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS UMR, 860, Paris, France
| | | | - Maria Angeles Muñoz-Fernández
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Spain; Laboratorio de Inmunobiología Molecular, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Bryszewska
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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70
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Moriwaki K, Bertin J, Gough PJ, Orlowski GM, Chan FKM. Differential roles of RIPK1 and RIPK3 in TNF-induced necroptosis and chemotherapeutic agent-induced cell death. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e1636. [PMID: 25675296 PMCID: PMC4669795 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Revised: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis is a key mechanism for metazoans to eliminate unwanted cells. Resistance to apoptosis is a hallmark of many cancer cells and a major roadblock to traditional chemotherapy. Recent evidence indicates that inhibition of caspase-dependent apoptosis sensitizes many cancer cells to a form of non-apoptotic cell death termed necroptosis. This has led to widespread interest in exploring necroptosis as an alternative strategy for anti-cancer therapy. Here we show that in human colon cancer tissues, the expression of the essential necroptosis adaptors receptor interacting protein kinase (RIPK)1 and RIPK3 is significantly decreased compared with adjacent normal colon tissues. The expression of RIPK1 and RIPK3 was suppressed by hypoxia, but not by epigenetic DNA modification. To explore the role of necroptosis in chemotherapy-induced cell death, we used inhibitors of RIPK1 or RIPK3 kinase activity, and modulated their expression in colon cancer cell lines using short hairpin RNAs. We found that RIPK1 and RIPK3 were largely dispensable for classical chemotherapy-induced cell death. Caspase inhibitor and/or second mitochondria-derived activator of caspase mimetic, which sensitize cells to RIPK1- and RIPK3-dependent necroptosis downstream of tumor necrosis factor receptor-like death receptors, also did not alter the response of cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents. In contrast to the RIPKs, we found that cathepsins are partially responsible for doxorubicin or etoposide-induced cell death. Taken together, these results indicate that traditional chemotherapeutic agents are not efficient inducers of necroptosis and that more potent pathway-specific drugs are required to fully harness the power of necroptosis in anti-cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Moriwaki
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology Program, University of Massachusetts Medical School (UMMS), Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - J Bertin
- Pattern Recognition Receptor Discovery Performance Unit, Immuno-Inflammation Therapeutic Area, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA 19422, USA
| | - P J Gough
- Pattern Recognition Receptor Discovery Performance Unit, Immuno-Inflammation Therapeutic Area, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA 19422, USA
| | - G M Orlowski
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology Program, University of Massachusetts Medical School (UMMS), Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - F K M Chan
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology Program, University of Massachusetts Medical School (UMMS), Worcester, MA 01655, USA
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