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Celastrol Induces Necroptosis and Ameliorates Inflammation via Targeting Biglycan in Human Gastric Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225716. [PMID: 31739592 PMCID: PMC6888087 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Celastrol, a triterpene isolated from the root of traditional Chinese medicine Thunder of God Vine, possesses anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activity to treat rheumatoid disease or as health product. Necroptosis is considered as a new approach to overcome chemotherapeutics resistance. However, whether celastrol exerts necroptosis leading to gastric cancer cell death is still unclear. Here, for the first time we showed that celastrol induced necroptosis in HGC27 and AGS gastric cancer cell lines. More importantly, celastrol down-regulated biglycan (BGN) protein, which is critical for gastric cancer migration and invasion. Furthermore, celastrol activated receptor-interacting protein 1 and 3 (RIP1 and RIP3) and subsequently promoted the translation of mixed-lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL) from cytoplasm to plasma membrane, leading to necroptosis of gastric cancer cell, which was blocked by over-expression BGN. In addition, celastrol suppressed the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-8 in HGC27 and AGS cells, which was reversed by over-expression BGN. Taken together, we identified celastrol as a necroptosis inducer, activated RIP1/RIP3/MLKL pathway and suppressed the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines by down-regulating BGN in HGC-27 and AGS cells, which supported the feasibility of celastrol in gastric cancer therapy.
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Dou JW, Shang RG, Lei XQ, Li KL, Guo ZZ, Ye K, Yang XJ, Li YW, Zhou YY, Yao J, Huang Q. Total saponins of Bolbostemma paniculatum (maxim.) Franquet exert antitumor activity against MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells via inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 19:304. [PMID: 31703679 PMCID: PMC6842232 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2708-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of the Bolbostemma paniculatum (Maxim.) Franquet (BP) active compound, BP total saponins (BPTS), on MDA-MB-231 cells, and investigate the underlying mechanism regarding BPTS-mediated attenuation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. METHODS The effect of BPTS on cytotoxicity, induction of apoptosis and migration on MDA-MB-231 cells at three different concentrations was investigated. A CCK-8 assay, wound-healing assay and flow cytometry were used to demonstrate the effects of BPTS. Additionally, expression of the primary members of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway was assessed using western blotting. To verify the underlying mechanisms, a PI3K inhibitor and an mTOR inhibitor were used. RESULTS BPTS inhibited proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells with an IC50 value of 10 μg/mL at 48 h. BPTS inhibited migration of MDA-MB-231 cells, and the western blot results demonstrated that BPTS reduced p-PI3K, p-Akt and p-mTOR protein expression levels in MDA-MB-231 cells. Additionally, the results were confirmed using a PI3K inhibitor and an mTOR inhibitor. BPTS decreased proliferation and migration of MDA-MB-231 cells possibly through inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS The results highlight the therapeutic potential of BPTS for treating patients with triple-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Wei Dou
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of "Qiyao" Resources And Anti-tumor Activities, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong-Guo Shang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of "Qiyao" Resources And Anti-tumor Activities, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Qin Lei
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Guangren Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, People's Republic of China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xi'an No.4 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, People's Republic of China
| | - Kang-Le Li
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of "Qiyao" Resources And Anti-tumor Activities, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhan-Zi Guo
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Ye
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Juan Yang
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Wei Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Guangren Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, People's Republic of China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xi'an No.4 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Yun Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Guangren Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, People's Republic of China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xi'an No.4 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Yao
- Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Huang
- Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, People's Republic of China.
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Boran T, Gunaydin A, Jannuzzi AT, Ozcagli E, Alpertunga B. Celastrol pretreatment as a therapeutic option against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2019; 8:723-730. [PMID: 31588349 PMCID: PMC6762010 DOI: 10.1039/c9tx00141g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Celastrol is a natural bioactive compound extracted from the medicinal plant Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F. It exhibits immunosuppressive, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. Cisplatin is a commonly used chemotherapeutic drug in the treatment of a wide range of tumors. Although very effective therapeutically, it can cause nephrotoxicity leading to dose reduction or discontinuation of treatment. This study aims to clarify the therapeutic potential of celastrol in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. The possible protective effects of celastrol pretreatment against cisplatin-induced oxidative stress and genotoxicity were investigated. A rat kidney epithelial cell line NRK-52E was pretreated with the desired concentrations of celastrol (200 nM, 100 nM, and 50 nM) for 24 h. The cells were treated with 50 μM cisplatin for a further 24 h to see whether cisplatin caused the same or less toxicity compared to the vehicle control group. Alkaline comet assay was performed for genotoxicity assessment. Genotoxicity evaluation revealed that celastrol caused a statistically significant reduction in DNA damage. Oxidative stress parameters were evaluated by measuring the glutathione (GSH) and protein carbonyl (PC) levels and also by measuring the enzyme activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes. Celastrol pretreatment increased the GSH content of the cells and ameliorated the protein carbonylation level. Likewise, celastrol pretreatment improved the GR and CAT activities. However, no significant difference was observed in GPx and SOD activities. In the light of these findings, celastrol treatment could be a therapeutic option to reduce cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Further studies are needed for the clarification of its therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugce Boran
- Istanbul University , Faculty of Pharmacy , Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology , 34116 , Beyazıt , Istanbul , Turkey . ; ; Tel: +902124400000
| | - Aysenur Gunaydin
- Istanbul University , Faculty of Pharmacy , Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology , 34116 , Beyazıt , Istanbul , Turkey . ; ; Tel: +902124400000
- Bezmialem Vakif University , Faculty of Pharmacy , Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology , Vatan Street , 34093 , Fatih , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Ayse Tarbin Jannuzzi
- Istanbul University , Faculty of Pharmacy , Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology , 34116 , Beyazıt , Istanbul , Turkey . ; ; Tel: +902124400000
| | - Eren Ozcagli
- Istanbul University , Faculty of Pharmacy , Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology , 34116 , Beyazıt , Istanbul , Turkey . ; ; Tel: +902124400000
| | - Buket Alpertunga
- Istanbul University , Faculty of Pharmacy , Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology , 34116 , Beyazıt , Istanbul , Turkey . ; ; Tel: +902124400000
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Zuo A, Zhao P, Zheng Y, Hua H, Wang X. Tripterine inhibits proliferation, migration and invasion of breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells by up-regulating microRNA-15a. Biol Chem 2019; 400:1069-1078. [PMID: 30913029 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2018-0469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women worldwide. Tripterine is an important active component isolated from Triperygium wilfordii Hook F. This study investigated the effects of tripterine on breast cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis, as well as microRNA-15a (miR-15a) expression. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to measure the expression of miR-15a. Cell transfection was conducted to change the expression of miR-15a. Viability, proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 cells were assessed using the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, BrdU incorporation assay, Annexin V-FITC/PI apoptosis detection kit and two-chamber Transwell assay, respectively. Expression of key factors involving in cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis, as well as the PI3K/AKT and JNK pathways, were evaluated using Western blotting. We found that tripterine inhibited MDA-MB-231 cell viability, proliferation, migration and invasion, but induced cell apoptosis. Moreover, tripterine up-regulated the expression of miR-15a in a concentration-dependent manner and miR-15a participated in the effects of tripterine on MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis. In addition, tripterine inactivated PI3K/AKT and JNK pathways in MDA-MB-231 cells by up-regulating miR-15a. In conclusion, tripterine inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion of breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells by up-regulating miR-15a and inactivating PI3K/AKT and JNK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjun Zuo
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Yu Zheng
- Department of General Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Hui Hua
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Xingang Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 59 Haier Road, Qingdao 266000, China
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Pan X, Zhao Y, Cheng T, Zheng A, Ge A, Zang L, Xu K, Tang B. Monitoring NAD(P)H by an ultrasensitive fluorescent probe to reveal reductive stress induced by natural antioxidants in HepG2 cells under hypoxia. Chem Sci 2019; 10:8179-8186. [PMID: 31857884 PMCID: PMC6836941 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc02020a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
An ultrasensitive fluorescent probe for monitoring NAD(P)H and revealing reductive stress induced by natural antioxidants in HepG2 cells under hypoxia.
Reductive stress, the opposite of oxidative stress, represents a disorder in the redox balance state which is harmful to biological systems. For decades, the role of oxidative stress in tumor therapy has been the focus of attention, while the effects of reductive stress have been rarely studied. Here, we report the anti-cancer effects of reductive stress induced by three natural antioxidants (resveratrol, curcumin and celastrol). Considering the fact that the solid tumor microenvironment suffers from hypoxia, we performed cell experiments under hypoxic conditions. In order to observe the reductive stress, we first developed an ultrasensitive fluorescent probe (TCF-MQ) for specifically imaging NAD(P)H which is a marker of reductive stress. TCF-MQ responded to NAD(P)H rapidly and exhibited high sensitivity with a detection limit of 6 nM. With the help of TCF-MQ, we found that upon the treatment of HepG2 cells with pharmacological doses of three natural antioxidants under hypoxic conditions, high levels of NAD(P)H were produced before cell death. The excess NAD(P)H resulted in reductive stress instead of oxidative stress. In contrast, under normoxic conditions, there was no reductive stress involved in the process of cell death induced by three natural antioxidants. Therefore, we hypothesize that the mechanism of cancer cell death induced by natural antioxidants under hypoxia should be attributed to the reductive stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Pan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes , Ministry of Education , Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , P. R. China . ; .,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Binzhou Medical University , Yantai 264003 , P. R. China
| | - Yuehui Zhao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes , Ministry of Education , Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , P. R. China . ;
| | - Tingting Cheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Binzhou Medical University , Yantai 264003 , P. R. China
| | - Aishan Zheng
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes , Ministry of Education , Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , P. R. China . ;
| | - Anbin Ge
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Binzhou Medical University , Yantai 264003 , P. R. China
| | - Lixin Zang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes , Ministry of Education , Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , P. R. China . ;
| | - Kehua Xu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes , Ministry of Education , Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , P. R. China . ;
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes , Ministry of Education , Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , P. R. China . ;
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Zhang R, Chen Z, Wu SS, Xu J, Kong LC, Wei P. Celastrol Enhances the Anti-Liver Cancer Activity of Sorafenib. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:4068-4075. [PMID: 31152143 PMCID: PMC6559000 DOI: 10.12659/msm.914060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sorafenib, a multiple-target-point kinase inhibitor, has been used as a standard treatment for advanced liver cancer and has shown therapeutic benefits. However, resistance often occurs, prompting the need for identification of synergizing agents. Celastrol is a major active ingredient of Tripterygium wilfordii, which can increase the antitumor effect of traditional antitumor drugs. This work focused on the sensitization of liver cancers in use of celastrol combined with sorafenib. Material/Methods The IC50 values of sorafenib and celastrol on cancer cells were determined through MTT assays. The effects of sorafenib on AKT signaling and VEGF levels in sorafenib-treated cancer cells were analyzed by Western blotting and ELISA, respectively. After combined treatment with celastrol and sorafenib, the survival rate of tumor cells was determined by MTT and clonogenic assays, and the apoptosis rate was also determined by flow cytometry. In addition, the in vivo antitumor activity of celastrol combined with sorafenib was evaluated in Hepa1-6 tumor-bearing mice. Results Sorafenib treatment induced the compensatory activation of the AKT pathway and autocrine VEGF in hepatoma cells, which could be reversed by celastrol. Furthermore, celastrol enhanced the growth inhibition and apoptosis induction of cancer cells by sorafenib both in vitro and in vivo and reduced the dosage of sorafenib needed. Conclusions Celastrol enhances the antitumor activity of sorafenib in HCC tumor cells by suppressing the AKT pathway and VEGF autocrine system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanxi Dayi Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Zhi Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Shu-Sheng Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of General Surgery, hanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanxi Dayi Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Ling-Chun Kong
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Pei Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China (mainland)
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Sheng J, Shen L, Sun L, Zhang X, Cui R, Wang L. Inhibition of PI3K/mTOR increased the sensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma cells to cisplatin via interference with mitochondrial-lysosomal crosstalk. Cell Prolif 2019; 52:e12609. [PMID: 31033054 PMCID: PMC6536453 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The genotoxicity of cisplatin towards nuclear DNA is not sufficient to explain the cisplatin resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells; cisplatin interacts with many organelles, which can influence the sensitivity. Here, we explored the role of mitochondrial-lysosomal crosstalk in the cisplatin resistance of HCC cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Huh7 and HepG2 cells were subjected to different treatments. Flow cytometry was conducted to detect mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial mass, lysosomal function, mitochondrial membrane potential and apoptosis. Western blotting was performed to evaluate protein levels. The oxygen consumption rate was measured to evaluate mitochondrial function. RESULTS Cisplatin activated mitophagy and lysosomal biogenesis, resulting in crosstalk between mitochondria and lysosomes and cisplatin resistance in HCC cells. Furthermore, a combination of cisplatin with the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/mTOR) inhibitor PKI-402 induced lysosomal membrane permeabilization. This effect changed the role of the lysosome from a protective one to that of a cell death promoter, completely destroying the mitochondrial-lysosomal crosstalk and significantly enhancing the sensitivity of HCC cells to cisplatin. CONCLUSIONS This is the first evidence of the importance of mitochondrial-lysosomal crosstalk in the cisplatin resistance of HCC cells and of the destruction of this crosstalk by a PI3K/mTOR inhibitor to increase the sensitivity of HCC cells to cisplatin. This mechanism could be developed as a novel target for treatment of HCC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyao Sheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic SurgeryThe Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunJilinChina
| | - Luyan Shen
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical SciencesJilin UniversityChangchunJilinChina
| | - Liankun Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical SciencesJilin UniversityChangchunJilinChina
| | - Xuewen Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic SurgeryThe Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunJilinChina
| | - Ranji Cui
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical GeneticThe Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunJilinChina
| | - Lizhong Wang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical GeneticThe Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunJilinChina
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Yao S, Han L, Tian Z, Yu Y, Zhang Q, Li X, Mao T, Yang L. Celastrol inhibits growth and metastasis of human gastric cancer cell MKN45 by down‐regulating microRNA‐21. Phytother Res 2019; 33:1706-1716. [PMID: 30989726 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shan‐Shan Yao
- Clinical Skill Training CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Lei Han
- Department of NutritionThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Zi‐Bin Tian
- Department of GastroenterologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Ya‐Nan Yu
- Department of GastroenterologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of GastroenterologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Xiao‐Yu Li
- Department of GastroenterologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Tao Mao
- Department of GastroenterologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of GastroenterologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao China
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Liu J, Liu Y, Hao X, Wang Y, Ji J, Liu Y, Ding S, Chen Y. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel 4‐phenoxypyridine derivatives as potential antitumor agents. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2019; 352:e1800338. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201800338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ju Liu
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Development of Liaoning ProvinceCollege of Pharmacy Liaoning UniversityShenyang P. R. China
| | - Yutong Liu
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Development of Liaoning ProvinceCollege of Pharmacy Liaoning UniversityShenyang P. R. China
| | - Xuechen Hao
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Development of Liaoning ProvinceCollege of Pharmacy Liaoning UniversityShenyang P. R. China
| | - Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Development of Liaoning ProvinceCollege of Pharmacy Liaoning UniversityShenyang P. R. China
| | - Jingchao Ji
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Development of Liaoning ProvinceCollege of Pharmacy Liaoning UniversityShenyang P. R. China
| | - Yajing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Structure‐Based Drug Design and Discovery of Ministry of EducationCollege of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Shenyang Pharmaceutical UniversityShenyang P. R. China
| | - Shi Ding
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Development of Liaoning ProvinceCollege of Pharmacy Liaoning UniversityShenyang P. R. China
| | - Ye Chen
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Development of Liaoning ProvinceCollege of Pharmacy Liaoning UniversityShenyang P. R. China
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Suttisuwan R, Phunpruch S, Saisavoey T, Sangtanoo P, Thongchul N, Karnchanatat A. Free Radical Scavenging Properties and Induction of Apoptotic Effects of Fa Fraction Obtained after Proteolysis of Bioactive Peptides from Microalgae Synechococcus sp. VDW. Food Technol Biotechnol 2019; 57:358-368. [PMID: 31866749 PMCID: PMC6902293 DOI: 10.17113/ftb.57.03.19.6028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to determine the antioxidant activity of bioactive peptides derived from Synechococcus sp. VDW cells cultured for 21 days. Synechococcus sp. VDW protein hydrolysates were prepared with trypsin and purified by ultrafiltration with molecular mass cut-off membranes of 10, 5 and 3 kDa. The M<3 kDa (FA) fraction had the highest 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) and 2,2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activities, with IC50 values of (11.5±0.3) and (13.6±0.2) µg/mL, respectively. The FA fraction was separated by reversed phase HPLC to yield four subfractions (F1–4). The F4 subfraction showed the highest maximum ABTS radical scavenging activity (3.55±0.61) % and it was selected for further analysis by electrospray ionisation quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS) based on de novo peptide sequencing. Five antioxidant peptides were identified, of which AILESYSAGKTK had the highest ABTS radical scavenging activity. Furthermore, the FA fraction showed high cytotoxic activities against human cancer-derived cell lines, especially the colon cancer cell line (SW620) with an IC50 value of (106.6±21.5) µg/mL, but not the untransformed Wi38 cell line. The FA fraction activated the apoptotic pathway in SW620 cells after treatment for 24, 48 and 72 h, with the highest activities of caspases-3, -8 and -9 being observed after treatment for 72 h. These findings suggested that microalgae Synechococcus sp. VDW may be used to develop natural anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rutairat Suttisuwan
- Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Wangmai, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Saranya Phunpruch
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Chalongkrung Road, Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand.,Bioenergy Research Unit, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Chalongkrung Road, Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
| | - Tanatorn Saisavoey
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Papassara Sangtanoo
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.,Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.,Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Nuttha Thongchul
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.,Research Unit in Bioconversion/Bioseparation for Value-Added Chemical Production, Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Wangmai, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Aphichart Karnchanatat
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.,Research Unit in Bioconversion/Bioseparation for Value-Added Chemical Production, Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Wangmai, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Li X, Zhu G, Yao X, Wang N, Hu R, Kong Q, Zhou D, Long L, Cai J, Zhou W. Celastrol induces ubiquitin-dependent degradation of mTOR in breast cancer cells. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:8977-8985. [PMID: 30588010 PMCID: PMC6294079 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s187315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Celastrol is a major active component of the thunder god vine (Tripterygium wilfordii) used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Celastrol inhibits PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling, which is frequently dysregulated in tumors and critical for tumor-cell proliferation and survival, but the underlying mechanisms are still not fully understood. In the present study, we investigated detailed mechanisms of celastrol inhibition of mTOR signaling in breast cancer cells. Methods First, we evaluated the effect of celastrol on breast cancer-cell growth using MTT assays. Second, we examined the effects of celastrol on mTOR phosphorylation and expression using Western blot. Furthermore, we investigated the cause of mTOR downregulation by celastrol using immunoprecipitation assays. In addition, we evaluated the effect of celastrol on an MDA-MB231 cell-derived xenograft model. Results Celastrol suppressed breast cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Celastrol inhibited mTOR phosphorylation and induced mTOR ubiquitination, resulting in its proteasomal degradation. Mechanistically, we found that mTOR is a client of Hsp90-Cdc37 chaperone complex, and celastrol disrupts mTOR interaction with chaperone Hsp90 while promoting mTOR association with cochaperone Cdc37. Conclusion Our study reveals that celastrol suppresses mTOR signaling, at least in part through regulating its association with chaperones and inducing its ubiquitination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China, .,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China, .,Key Laboratory for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China,
| | - Guangbei Zhu
- Dapartment of Biophamaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, P.R. China
| | - Xintong Yao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China, .,Key Laboratory for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China,
| | - Ning Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital's Central Laboratory, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Ronghui Hu
- Department of Radiology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401120, P.R. China
| | - Qingxin Kong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Jiangsu 223003, P.R. China
| | - Duanfang Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China, .,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China, .,Key Laboratory for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China,
| | - Liangyuan Long
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China, .,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China, .,Key Laboratory for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China,
| | - Jiali Cai
- Dapartment of Biophamaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, P.R. China
| | - Weiying Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China, .,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China, .,Key Laboratory for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China,
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Wang Z, Chen D, Wang Z. Effects of diclofenac on the pharmacokinetics of celastrol in rats and its transport. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2018; 56:269-274. [PMID: 29651912 PMCID: PMC6130456 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2018.1459740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Diclofenac and celastrol are always used together for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis; the herb-drug interaction potential between diclofenac and celastrol is still unknown. OBJECTIVE This study investigates the effects of diclofenac on the pharmacokinetics of celastrol in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twelve male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups and received celastrol (1 mg/kg) or both celastrol (1 mg/kg) and diclofenac (10 mg/kg) by oral gavage, and blood samples were collected via the oculi chorioideae vein and determined using the LC-MS method developed in this study. Additionally, the effects of diclofenac on the transport of celastrol were investigated using a Caco-2 cell transwell model. RESULTS Diclofenac could significantly (p < 0.05) decrease the Cmax (from 66.93 ± 10.28 to 41.25 ± 8.06 ng/mL) and AUC0-t (from 765.84 ± 163.61 to 451.33 ± 110.88 μg × h/L) of celastrol in rats. The efflux ratio of celastrol increased significantly (p < 0.05) from 3.12 to 4.55 with the treatment of diclofenac. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION These results indicated that diclofenac could decrease the system exposure of celastrol in rats when they are co-administered, and these effects might be exerted via decreasing its absorption in intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengfu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, P. R. China
| | - Dali Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, P. R. China
| | - Zhongwei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, P. R. China
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Inhibitory effect of celastrol on adipogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 507:236-241. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Kuratli J, Pesch T, Marti H, Leonard CA, Blenn C, Torgerson P, Borel N. Water Filtered Infrared A and Visible Light (wIRA/VIS) Irradiation Reduces Chlamydia trachomatis Infectivity Independent of Targeted Cytokine Inhibition. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2757. [PMID: 30524392 PMCID: PMC6262300 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlamydia trachomatis is the major cause of infectious blindness and represents the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infection worldwide. Considering the potential side effects of antibiotic therapy and increasing threat of antibiotic resistance, alternative therapeutic strategies are needed. Previous studies showed that water filtered infrared A alone (wIRA) or in combination with visible light (wIRA/VIS) reduced C. trachomatis infectivity. Furthermore, wIRA/VIS irradiation led to secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines similar to that observed upon C. trachomatis infection. We confirmed the results of previous studies, namely that cytokine secretion (IL-6, IL-8, and RANTES/CCL5) upon wIRA/VIS treatment, and the subsequent reduction of chlamydial infectivity, are independent of the addition of cycloheximide, a host protein synthesis inhibitor. Reproducible cytokine release upon irradiation indicated that cytokines might be involved in the anti-chlamydial mechanism of wIRA/VIS. This hypothesis was tested by inhibiting IL-6, IL-8, and RANTES secretion in C. trachomatis or mock-infected cells by gene silencing or pharmaceutical inhibition. Celastrol, a substance derived from Trypterygium wilfordii, used in traditional Chinese medicine and known for anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects, was used for IL-6 and IL-8 inhibition, while Maraviroc, a competitive CCR5 antagonist and anti-HIV drug, served as a RANTES/CCL5 inhibitor. HeLa cell cytotoxicity and impact on chlamydial morphology, size and inclusion number was evaluated upon increasing inhibitor concentration, and concentrations of 0.1 and 1 μM Celastrol and 10 and 20 μM Maraviroc were subsequently selected for irradiation experiments. Celastrol at any concentration reduced chlamydial infectivity, an effect only observed for 20 μM Maraviroc. Triple dose irradiation (24, 36, 40 hpi) significantly reduced chlamydial infectivity regardless of IL-6, IL-8, or RANTES/CCL5 gene silencing, Celastrol or Maraviroc treatment. Neither gene silencing nor pharmaceutical cytokine inhibition provoked the chlamydial stress response. The anti-chlamydial effect of wIRA/VIS is independent of cytokine inhibition under all conditions evaluated. Thus, factors other than host cell cytokines must be involved in the working mechanism of wIRA/VIS. This study gives a first insight into the working mechanism of wIRA/VIS in relation to an integral component of the host immune system and supports the potential of wIRA/VIS as a promising new tool for treatment in trachoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Kuratli
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Theresa Pesch
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hanna Marti
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cory Ann Leonard
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christian Blenn
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Paul Torgerson
- Section of Veterinary Epidemiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Borel
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Meng T, Qin QP, Wang ZR, Peng LT, Zou HH, Gan ZY, Tan MX, Wang K, Liang FP. Synthesis and biological evaluation of substituted 3-(2'-benzimidazolyl)coumarin platinum(II) complexes as new telomerase inhibitors. J Inorg Biochem 2018; 189:143-150. [PMID: 30265997 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Eight new platinum(II) complexes Pt1-Pt8 with substituted 3‑(2'‑benzimidazolyl) coumarins were successfully synthesized and characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), infrared spectrophotometry (IR) and elemental analysis. Crystallographic data of these Pt1-Pt8 complexes showed that the Pt(II) has distorted four-coordinated square planar geometry. Pt1-Pt8 were found to display high cytotoxic activity in vitro against the cisplatin-resistant SK-OV-3/DDP cancer cells with a low IC50 from 1.01-10.32 μM, but low cytotoxicity on the normal HL-7702 cells. Further studies revealed that Pt1-Pt3 induced apoptosis in SK-OV-3/DDP cancer cells via mitochondria dysfunction signaling pathways. Our findings also indicated that Pt1 was a telomerase inhibitor targeting c-myc promoter elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Meng
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, PR China
| | - Qi-Pin Qin
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, PR China; Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin 537000, PR China.
| | - Zhen-Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, PR China
| | - Li-Ting Peng
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, PR China
| | - Hua-Hong Zou
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, PR China.
| | - Zhen-Yuan Gan
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, PR China
| | - Ming-Xiong Tan
- Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin 537000, PR China
| | - Kai Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, PR China
| | - Fu-Pei Liang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, PR China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, PR China.
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Xi J, Li Q, Luo X, Wang Y, Li J, Guo L, Wu G. Celastrol inhibits glucocorticoid‑induced osteoporosis in rat via the PI3K/AKT and Wnt signaling pathways. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:4753-4759. [PMID: 30221712 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Modern pharmacological studies revealed that Celastrol exhibits anti‑inflammation, anti‑bacteria, anti‑virus, anti‑fertility, insect‑resistance functions and has been used for the treatment of rheumatism, rheumatoid arthritis, blood diseases, skin diseases and agricultural insecticide. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of Celastrol on glucocorticoid‑induced osteoporosis (GIOP) and the underlying molecular mechanisms. The findings of the current study revealed that Celastrol reduced body weight, urine calcium/creatinine, tartrate‑resistant acid phosphatase 5b, C‑terminal telopeptide of type I collagen, and induced osteocalcin in GIOP rats. In addition, alkaline phosphatase, triiodothyronine receptor auxiliary protein and cathepsin K mRNA expression levels were effectively suppressed, and osteocalcin, bone morphogenetic protein 2, type I collagen and runt‑related transcription factor 2 mRNA expression levels were effectively induced in osteoporosis rats treated with Celastrol. Celastrol inhibited prostaglandin E2 and caspase‑3 protein expression levels, and induced phosphoinositol 3‑kinase (PI3K), phosphorylated‑protein kinase B (AKT) and glycogen synthase kinase‑3 phosphorylation, Wnt and β‑catenin protein expression in GIOP rats. The present study demonstrated that Celastrol may inhibit GIOP in rats via the PI3K/AKT and Wnt signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Xi
- Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, The 309th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100091, P.R. China
| | - Qinggui Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobo Luo
- Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, The 309th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100091, P.R. China
| | - Yipeng Wang
- Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, The 309th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100091, P.R. China
| | - Jinlong Li
- Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, The 309th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100091, P.R. China
| | - Lixin Guo
- Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, The 309th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100091, P.R. China
| | - Guangsen Wu
- Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, The 309th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100091, P.R. China
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Guntuku L, Gangasani JK, Thummuri D, Borkar RM, Manavathi B, Ragampeta S, Vaidya JR, Sistla R, Vegi NGM. IITZ-01, a novel potent lysosomotropic autophagy inhibitor, has single-agent antitumor efficacy in triple-negative breast cancer in vitro and in vivo. Oncogene 2018; 38:581-595. [PMID: 30166591 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0446-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a homeostatic process that recycles damaged organelles and long-lived proteins by delivering them in double-membrane vesicles to lysosomes for degradation. Autophagy has a prominent role in survival, proliferation, and resistance of tumors in metabolic and chemotherapeutic stress conditions. Clinical trials with chloroquine-a known autophagy inhibitor-were unable to achieve complete autophagy inhibition in vivo, warranting the search for more potent autophagy inhibitors. In a process of exploring the mechanism of action of previously identified cytotoxic s-triazine analogs, we discovered that both IITZ-01 and IITZ-02 act as potent autophagy inhibitors. Treatment with these compounds resulted in the vacuolated appearance of cells due to their specific accumulation in lysosomes. In addition, these basic compounds also deacidify lysosomes as evidenced by the decrease in lysotracker red staining and inhibit maturation of lysosomal enzymes leading to lysosomal dysfunction. IITZ-01 and IITZ-02 enhance autophagosome accumulation but inhibit autophagosomal degradation by impairing lysosomal function, finally resulting in the inhibition of autophagy. Interestingly, compound IITZ-01 exhibited more than 10-fold potent autophagy inhibition along with 12- to 20-fold better cytotoxic action than CQ. IITZ-01 and IITZ-02 also abolished mitochondrial membrane potential and triggered apoptosis through the mitochondria-mediated pathway. Furthermore, IITZ-01 and IITZ-02 displayed potent antitumor action in vivo through autophagy inhibition and apoptosis induction in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer xenograft model with IITZ-01 exhibiting superior anticancer efficacy. Overall, these data demonstrate that IITZ-01 is potent autophagy inhibitor with single-agent anticancer activity and awaits further preclinical development as potential anticancer therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalita Guntuku
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, TS, India
| | - Jagadeesh Kumar Gangasani
- Crop Protection Chemicals Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, TS, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Training and Development Complex, CSIR Campus, CSIR Road, Chennai, TN, India
| | - Dinesh Thummuri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, TS, India
| | - Roshan M Borkar
- National Centre for Mass Spectrometry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, TS, India
| | - Bramanandam Manavathi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, TS, India
| | - Srinivas Ragampeta
- National Centre for Mass Spectrometry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, TS, India
| | - Jayathirtha Rao Vaidya
- Crop Protection Chemicals Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, TS, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Training and Development Complex, CSIR Campus, CSIR Road, Chennai, TN, India
| | - Ramakrishna Sistla
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad, TS, India
| | - Naidu G M Vegi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, TS, India. .,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati, Assam, India.
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Kashyap D, Sharma A, Tuli HS, Sak K, Mukherjee T, Bishayee A. Molecular targets of celastrol in cancer: Recent trends and advancements. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2018; 128:70-81. [PMID: 29958633 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2018.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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69
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Yang SG, Park HJ, Kim JW, Jung JM, Kim MJ, Jegal HG, Kim IS, Kang MJ, Wee G, Yang HY, Lee YH, Seo JH, Kim SU, Koo DB. Mito-TEMPO improves development competence by reducing superoxide in preimplantation porcine embryos. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10130. [PMID: 29973637 PMCID: PMC6031607 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28497-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mito-TEMPO is a well-known mitochondria-specific superoxide scavenger. However, the effect of Mito-TEMPO on porcine embryo development, to our knowledge, has not been studied yet. In the present study, porcine embryos were classified into two groups (G1 and G2) based on the cytoplasm lipid contents at the zygote stage. The development of blastocysts derived from G2 zygotes was reduced (G2:16.2 ± 7.9% vs G1: 26.5 ± 5.9%; 1.6-fold, p < 0.05) compared to those from G1 zygotes. In G2 embryos, the proportion of TUNEL-positive cells was also higher than that of G1 embryos. Superoxide in G2 embryos was significantly increased compared to that in G1 embryos. Mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP production were lower in G2 embryos than in G1 embryos. Phosphorylation of Drp1 at Ser 616 increased in G1 embryos during the cleavage stages compared to that in the zygote but was not significantly different in G2 embryos. Then, the effects of Mito-TEMPO were investigated in G2 embryos. Blastocyst formation rate (G2: 19.1 ± 5.1% vs G2 + Mito-TEMPO: 28.8 ± 4.0%; 1.5-fold, p < 0.05) and mitochondrial aggregation were recovered after superoxide reduction by Mito-TEMPO treatment. Thus, we showed that Mito-TEMPO improves blastocyst development by superoxide reduction in porcine embryos in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seul-Gi Yang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, Daegu University, 201 Daegudae-ro, Jillyang, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38453, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jin Park
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, Daegu University, 201 Daegudae-ro, Jillyang, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38453, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, Daegu University, 201 Daegudae-ro, Jillyang, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38453, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Min Jung
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, Daegu University, 201 Daegudae-ro, Jillyang, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38453, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ji Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, Daegu University, 201 Daegudae-ro, Jillyang, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38453, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Guen Jegal
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, Daegu University, 201 Daegudae-ro, Jillyang, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38453, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Su Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, Daegu University, 201 Daegudae-ro, Jillyang, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38453, Republic of Korea
| | - Man-Jong Kang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Gabbine Wee
- Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), 80 Cheombok-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu, 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Young Yang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), 80 Cheombok-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu, 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Han Lee
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hae Seo
- Department of Biochemistry, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Uk Kim
- National Primate Research Center & Futuristic Animal Resource and Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, Chungbuk, 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Deog-Bon Koo
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, Daegu University, 201 Daegudae-ro, Jillyang, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38453, Republic of Korea.
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Zhang Y, Zhao H, Di Y, Li Q, Shao D, Shi J, Huang Q. Antitumor activity of Pinoresinol in vitro: Inducing apoptosis and inhibiting HepG2 invasion. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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71
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Li H, Fan Y, Yang F, Zhao L, Cao B. The coordinated effects of Apatinib and Tripterine on the proliferation, invasiveness and apoptosis of human hepatoma Hep3B cells. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:353-361. [PMID: 29928421 PMCID: PMC6006384 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
As a novel vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) tyrosine kinase inhibitor, Apatinib has exhibited antitumor effects in a variety of solid tumors. Extracts of Chinese herbal medicines have emerged as a promising alternative option to increase the sensitivity of patients to chemotherapeutics while alleviating side effects. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of Apatinib and the traditional Chinese herb Tripterine on the proliferation, invasion and apoptosis of human hepatoma Hep3B cells. The expression of VEGFR-2 in Hep3B cells was detected by western blotting and immunofluorescence assays. Hep3B cells were then divided into four different groups: Control group, Apatinib group, Tripterine group and Apatinib plus Tripterine group. The proliferation, invasion and apoptosis of these four groups of Hep3B cells were assessed by MTS, wound healing and Transwell assays, and flow cytometry, respectively. Finally, the levels of the proliferation-associated proteins phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-Akt) and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK) and the apoptosis-associated proteins cleaved Caspase-3 and B-cell lymphoma-associated X protein (Bax) were detected by western blotting. The proliferation, migration and invasion of Hep3B cells were significantly inhibited by Apatinib and Tripterine, compared with the control group (P<0.01). The inhibitory effect of the combination group was markedly stronger than that of the Apatinib and Tripterine groups. The downregulation of p-Akt and p-ERK induced by Apatinib and Tripterine was further inhibited in the combination group (P<0.05), and the expression levels of Caspase-3 and Bax were also significantly increased in the combination group (P<0.05). The combination of Apatinib and Tripterine significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion ability and promoted the apoptosis of Hep3B cells by downregulating the expression of p-Akt and p-ERK, and upregulating the expression of Caspase-3 and Bax.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Li
- Department of Cancer Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Yichang Fan
- Department of Cancer Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Cancer Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Cancer Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Bangwei Cao
- Department of Cancer Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
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Zafar M, Sarfraz I, Rasul A, Jabeen F, Samiullah K, Hussain G, Riaz A, Ali M. Tubeimoside-1, Triterpenoid Saponin, as a Potential Natural Cancer Killer. Nat Prod Commun 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1801300530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nature, an expert craftsman of molecules, has generated extensive array of bioactive molecular entities. It persists as an inexhaustible resource for discovery of drugs and supplied enormous scaffold diversification for development into effectual drugs to treat multiple pathological conditions. This review provides an update on the sources, biological, and pharmacological effects of nature's gift, a triterpenoid saponin, tubeimoside-1 which is a major bioactive constituent of the bulb of Bolbostemma paniculatum. Tubeimoside-1 is known to possess various pharmacological properties such as anti-cancer, anti-HIV, and anti-inflammatory. Recently, anti-proliferative potential of tubeimoside-1 has been widely studied. The present review article seeks to cover the recent developments of tubeimoside-1′s pharmacological position in the arena of herbal drugs, providing an insight into its current status in therapeutic pursuits. This anti-cancer triterpenoid saponin fight cancer progression by induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and inhibiting metastasis by specifically targeting multiple signaling pathways those are usually deregulated in various cancers. The reported data recommend tubeimoside-1′s mutitarget activity in preference to single effect that may perform an imperative role towards developing tubeimoside-1 into potential pharmacological drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zafar
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Iqra Sarfraz
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Faiza Jabeen
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Khizar Samiullah
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Hussain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ammara Riaz
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ali
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
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73
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Recent advances on Toll-like receptor 4 modulation: new therapeutic perspectives. Future Med Chem 2018; 10:461-476. [PMID: 29380635 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2017-0172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation or inhibition of TLR4 by small molecules will provide in the next few years a new generation of therapeutics. TLR4 stimulation (agonism) by high-affinity ligands mimicking lipid A gave vaccine adjuvants with improved specificity and efficacy that have been licensed and entered into the market. TLR4 inhibition (antagonism) prevents cytokine production at a very early stage; this is in principle a more efficient method to block inflammatory diseases compared to cytokines neutralization by antibodies. Advances in TLR4 modulation by drug-like small molecules achieved in the last years are reviewed. Recently discovered TLR4 agonists and antagonists of natural and synthetic origin are presented, and their mechanism of action and structure-activity relationship are discussed.
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74
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Kim HR, Lee D, Eom YB. Anti-biofilm and Anti-Virulence Efficacy of Celastrol Against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Int J Med Sci 2018; 15:617-627. [PMID: 29725253 PMCID: PMC5930464 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.23924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a multi-drug resistant opportunistic pathogen that causes nosocomial infections in immunocompromised patients. This pathogen is difficult to treat owing to its intrinsic multidrug resistance and ability to form antimicrobial-tolerant biofilms. In the present study, we aimed to assess the potential use of celastrol as a novel anti-biofilm and/or anti-virulence agent against S. maltophilia. Results showed that celastrol at its sub-inhibitory doses decreased biofilm formation and disrupt the established biofilms produced by S. maltophilia. Celastrol-induced decrease in biofilm formation was dose-dependent based on the results of the microtiter plate biofilm assays and confocal laser scanning microscopy. In addition, our data validated the anti-virulence efficacy of celastrol, wherein it significantly interfered with the production of protease and motility of S. maltophilia. To support these phenotypic results, transcriptional analysis revealed that celastrol down-regulated the expression of biofilm- and virulence- associated genes (smeYZ, fsnR, and bfmAK) in S. maltophilia. Interestingly, celastrol significantly inhibited the expression of smeYZ gene, which encodes the resistance-nodulation-division (RND)-type efflux pump, SmeYZ. Overall, our findings suggested that celastrol might be a promising bioactive agent for treatment of biofilm- and virulence-related infections caused by the multi-drug resistant S. maltophilia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Rim Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongsup Lee
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Hyejeon College, Hongseoung, Chungnam 32244, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Bin Eom
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam 31538, Republic of Korea
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75
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Lariciresinol induces apoptosis in HepG2 cells via mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 821:1-10. [PMID: 29247613 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Lariciresinol (LA) is one of the main active ingredients in many traditional medicinal plants such as Patrinia, and has the role of anti-liver cancer. However, the precise mechanisms are unclear. This study investigated the molecular mechanisms of LA against HepG2 cells. LA anti-tumor activity was assessed with the CCK-8, Ki-67, and immunofluorescence staining. Cells apoptotic ratio was evaluated by Annexin V/PI double-staining assay. A proteomic approach was used to identify differentially expressed proteins after LA treatment. JC-1 staining was carried out to detect the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and the Western blot analysis was used to analyse the apoptosis-associated proteins. Our results suggested that LA significantly suppressed the viability of HepG2 cells. The CCK-8 and Ki-67 expression indicated dose-dependent decreases in cell proliferation. Flow cytometry analysis showed that LA exhibited a apoptosis-inducing effect. The proteomic study observed the presence of apoptosis-associated proteins and mitochondrial dysfunction in HepG2 cells after LA-treatment. Further analysis showed that LA could trigger the mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis pathway, based on a decrease in ΔΨm; deliver of cytochrome c; activation of caspase-9/-3 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase; and decrease of the proportion of Bcl-2/Bax. Collectively, our studies found that LA exhibits significant cytotoxic effects by inhibiting cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis, possibly via activation of the mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis pathway.
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76
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Ren B, Liu H, Gao H, Liu S, Zhang Z, Fribley AM, Callaghan MU, Xu Z, Zeng Q, Li Y. Celastrol induces apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells via targeting ER-stress/UPR. Oncotarget 2017; 8:93039-93050. [PMID: 29190976 PMCID: PMC5696242 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most serious and deadly diseases worldwide with limited options for effective treatment. Biomarker-based active compound targeting therapy may shed some light on novel drugs for HCC. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and unfolded protein response (UPR) play important roles in the regulation of cell fate and have become novel signaling targets for the development of anticancer drugs. Celastrol, a triterpene from traditional Chinese medicine, has been reported to possess anti-tumor effects on various cancers. We, along with several other research groups, have recently reported that UPR was induced by celastrol in several different cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma. However, UPR status in HCC still remains unclear. The role of ER stress and autophagy in response to celastrol also has yet to be elucidated. Our results demonstrated that celastrol could cause G2/M phase rest and inhibit proliferation in HepG2 and Bel7402. Exposure to celastrol resulted in the activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway, via ER stress and the UPR. In murine syngeneic model studies celastrol inhibited H22 tumor growth via the induction of ER stress and apoptosis. Our study suggests that celastrol is a potential drug for HCC therapy via targeting ER-stress/UPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Ren
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Hang Gao
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Shutong Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Zehui Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Andrew M. Fribley
- Carman and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Michael U. Callaghan
- Carman and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Zhixiang Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Qinghua Zeng
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Yulin Li
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
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77
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Therapeutic targeting of PP2A. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2017; 96:182-193. [PMID: 29107183 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2017.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a major serine/threonine phosphatase that regulates many cellular processes. Given the central role of PP2A in regulating diverse biological functions and its dysregulation in many diseases, including cancer, PP2A directed therapeutics have become of great interest. The main approaches leveraged thus far can be categorized as follows: 1) inhibiting endogenous inhibitors of PP2A, 2) targeted disruption of post translational modifications on PP2A subunits, or 3) direct targeting of PP2A. Additional insight into the structural, molecular, and biological framework driving the efficacy of these therapeutic strategies will provide a foundation for the refinement and development of novel and clinically tractable PP2A targeted therapies.
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78
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Inhibitory growth evaluation and apoptosis induction in MCF-7 cancer cells by new 5-aryl-2-butylthio-1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2017; 80:1027-1042. [DOI: 10.1007/s00280-017-3414-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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79
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Alpha-linolenic acid stabilizes HIF-1 α and downregulates FASN to promote mitochondrial apoptosis for mammary gland chemoprevention. Oncotarget 2017; 8:70049-70071. [PMID: 29050261 PMCID: PMC5642536 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha linolenic acid is an essential polyunsaturated fatty acid and is reported to have the anti-cancer potential with no defined hypothesis or mechanism/s. Henceforth present study was in-quested to validate the effect of alpha linolenic acid on mitochondrial apoptosis, hypoxic microenvironment and de novo fatty acid synthesis using in-vitro and in-vivo studies. The IC50 value of alpha linolenic acid was recorded to be 17.55μM against ER+MCF-7 cells. Treatment with alpha linolenic acid was evident for the presence of early and late apoptotic signals along with mitochondrial depolarization, when studied through acridine orange/ethidium bromide and JC-1 staining. Alpha linolenic acid arrested the cell cycle in G2/M phase. Subsequently, the in-vivo efficacy was examined against 7, 12-dimethylbenz anthracene induced carcinogenesis. Treatment with alpha linolenic acid demarcated significant effect upon the cellular proliferation as evidenced through decreased in alveolar bud count, restoration of the histopathological architecture and loss of tumor micro vessels. Alpha linolenic acid restored the metabolic changes to normal when scrutinized through 1H NMR studies. The immunoblotting and qRT-PCR studies revealed participation of mitochondrial mediated death apoptosis pathway and curtailment of hypoxic microenvironment after treatment with alpha linolenic acid. With all above, it was concluded that alpha linolenic acid mediates mitochondrial apoptosis, curtails hypoxic microenvironment along with inhibition of de novo fatty acid synthesis to impart anticancer effects.
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80
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Wang R, Gu X, Dai W, Ye J, Lu F, Chai Y, Fan G, Gonzalez FJ, Duan G, Qi Y. A lipidomics investigation into the intervention of celastrol in experimental colitis. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2017; 12:1436-44. [PMID: 27021137 DOI: 10.1039/c5mb00864f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Celastrol is well known for its anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects. In this study, the efficacy of celastrol against dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in mice was established and the mechanism was investigated using lipidomics. Celastrol treatment significantly alleviated DSS-induced colitis in mice, as revealed by the body weight, colon length, scores of rectal bleeding and diarrhea, serum TNF-α level, and histological analysis results. Lipidomics analysis based on UPLC/MS revealed characteristic changes in the metabolic profiles of the colitis mice, with altered levels of lipid markers associated with IBD, including LPC18 : 0, LPC18 : 1, LPC18 : 2, sphingomyelin (SM), and increased LPC18 : 0/LPC18 : 1 and LPC18 : 0/LPC18 : 2 ratios. For the celastrol-treated colitis mice, however, levels of the above lipid markers were restored, together with recovered saturated LPC/unsaturated LPC ratios. Accordingly, using GC-MS analysis, increased stearic acid (C18 : 0)/oleic acid (C18 : 1) and stearic acid (C18 : 0)/linoleic acid (C18 : 2) ratios were observed in colitis mice, which were later recovered after celastrol treatment. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that the liver expression of stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase 1 (SCD1), the key enzyme controlling the desaturation of saturated fatty acid, was dramatically inhibited in IBD mice, and was obviously recovered after celastrol treatment. These results suggest that the increased saturated LPC/unsaturated LPC (and saturated fatty acid/unsaturated fatty acid) ratios associated with SCD1 down-regulation could be regarded as biomarkers of colitis, and celastrol alleviates DSS-induced colitis partially via up-regulation of SCD1, restoring the altered balance between stearic acid- and oleic acid-derived lipid species, which plays an important role in alleviating colitis. In all, this study provided the scientific basis for further development of celastrol in treating IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renping Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Xueqin Gu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Weiquan Dai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Jun Ye
- Shanghai Zhabei Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai 200436, China
| | - Feng Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Yifeng Chai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Guorong Fan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Frank J Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Gengli Duan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Yunpeng Qi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China. and Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China.
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81
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Cascão R, Fonseca JE, Moita LF. Celastrol: A Spectrum of Treatment Opportunities in Chronic Diseases. Front Med (Lausanne) 2017; 4:69. [PMID: 28664158 PMCID: PMC5471334 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2017.00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification of new bioactive compounds derived from medicinal plants with significant therapeutic properties has attracted considerable interest in recent years. Such is the case of the Tripterygium wilfordii (TW), an herb used in Chinese medicine. Clinical trials performed so far using its root extracts have shown impressive therapeutic properties but also revealed substantial gastrointestinal side effects. The most promising bioactive compound obtained from TW is celastrol. During the last decade, an increasing number of studies were published highlighting the medicinal usefulness of celastrol in diverse clinical areas. Here we systematically review the mechanism of action and the therapeutic properties of celastrol in inflammatory diseases, namely, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, inflammatory bowel diseases, osteoarthritis and allergy, as well as in cancer, neurodegenerative disorders and other diseases, such as diabetes, obesity, atherosclerosis, and hearing loss. We will also focus in the toxicological profile and limitations of celastrol formulation, namely, solubility, bioavailability, and dosage issues that still limit its further clinical application and usefulness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Cascão
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João E Fonseca
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Rheumatology Department, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Norte, EPE, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon Academic Medical Centre, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luis F Moita
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
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82
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Lin HF, Hsieh MJ, Hsi YT, Lo YS, Chuang YC, Chen MK, Chien SY. Celastrol-induced apoptosis in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma is associated with the activation of the death receptor and the mitochondrial pathway. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:1683-1690. [PMID: 28789395 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a cancer that arises from the epithelium of the nasopharynx. Celastrol is a triterpene from traditional Chinese medicine, which demonstrates anti-proliferative activity in several cancer cell lines. However, the effect of celastrol on human NPC and the underlying mechanisms are not yet elucidated. The present study investigated whether celastrol induced apoptosis in human NPC cells, and the underlying molecular mechanisms were explored. Celastrol decreased the viability of HONE-1 and NPC-039 cells in a dose-dependent manner, and induced G1 and G2/M phase cell cycle arrest. The level of cleaved caspases-3, -8, and -9 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 increased in cells treated with celastrol. There was an increase in active Bcl-2-like 11 isoform S, Bcl-2-associated X, Bcl-2 antagonist/killer and truncated BH3-interacting death antagonist, and the levels of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and Bcl-2-like 1 decreased. Celastrol induced an increase in Fas, Fas-associated via death domain, TNF receptor superfamily members (TNRSF) 1A and 10B, and TNFRSF1A associated via death domain, and induced a dose-dependent reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential. Celastrol inhibited activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) 1/3 and 14, and induced MAPK 8/9 activation. The results indicated that celastrol induced apoptosis through the death receptor and the mitochondrial pathway in human NPC cells, and is a promising candidate in the development of drugs against NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng-Fu Lin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ming-Ju Hsieh
- Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan, R.O.C.,School of Optometry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yi-Ting Hsi
- Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yu-Sheng Lo
- Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yi-Ching Chuang
- Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Mu-Kuan Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Su-Yu Chien
- Department of Pharmacy, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Recreation and Holistic Wellness, Mingdao University, Changhua 52345, Taiwan, R.O.C.,College of Health Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan 71101, Taiwan, R.O.C
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83
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Celastrol and Its Role in Controlling Chronic Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 928:267-289. [PMID: 27671821 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-41334-1_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Celastrol, a triterpenoid derived from traditional Chinese medicinal plants, has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. Celastrol has shown preventive/therapeutic effects in experimental models of several chronic diseases. These include, chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, inflammatory bowel disease, and psoriasis), neurodegenerative disorders (e.g., Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis), atherosclerosis, obesity, Type 2 diabetes, and cancer. Celastrol modulates intricate cellular pathways and networks associated with disease pathology, and it interrupts or redirects the aberrant cellular and molecular events so as to limit disease progression and facilitate recovery, where feasible. The major cell signaling pathways modulated by celastrol include the NF-kB pathway, MAPK pathway, JAK/STAT pathway, PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, and antioxidant defense mechanisms. Furthermore, celastrol modulates cell proliferation, apoptosis, proteasome activity, heat-shock protein response, innate and adaptive immune responses, angiogenesis, and bone remodeling. Current understanding of the mechanisms of action of celastrol and information about its disease-modulating activities in experimental models have set the stage for testing celastrol in clinical studies as a therapeutic agent for several chronic human diseases.
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84
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Shrivastava S, Jeengar MK, Thummuri D, Koval A, Katanaev VL, Marepally S, Naidu VGM. Cardamonin, a chalcone, inhibits human triple negative breast cancer cell invasiveness by downregulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling cascades and reversal of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Biofactors 2017; 43:152-169. [PMID: 27580587 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cardamonin (CD), an active chalconoid, has shown potent anticancer effects in preclinical studies; however, the effect and underlying mechanism of CD for the treatment of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is unclear. This study aims to examine the cytotoxic effects of CD and investigate the underlying mechanism in human TNBC cells. The results show that CD exhibits cytotoxicity by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in TNBC cells via modulation of Bcl-2, Bax, cyt-C, cleaved caspase-3, and PARP. We find that CD significantly increases expression of the epithelial marker E-cadherin, while reciprocally decreasing expression of mesenchymal markers such as snail, slug, and vimentin in BT-549 cells. In parallel with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) reversal, CD down regulates invasion and migration of BT-549 cells. CD markedly reduces stability and nuclear translocation of β-catenin, accompanied with downregulation of β-catenin target genes. Using the TopFlash luciferase reporter assay, we reveal CD as a specific inhibitor of the Wnt3a-induced signaling. These results suggest the involvement of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling in the CD-induced EMT reversion of BT-549 cells. Notably, CD restores the glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β) activity, required for β-catenin destruction via the proteasome-mediated system, by inhibiting the phosphorylation of GSK3β by Akt. These occurrences ultimately lead to the blockage of EMT and the invasion of TNBC cells. Further antitumor activity of CD was tested in 4T1 (TNBC cells) induced tumor and it was found that CD significantly inhibited the tumor volume at dose of 5 mg/kg-treated mice. © 2016 BioFactors, 43(2):152-169, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Shrivastava
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER-Hyderabad), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Manish Kumar Jeengar
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER-Hyderabad), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Dinesh Thummuri
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER-Hyderabad), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Alexey Koval
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vladimir L Katanaev
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Srujan Marepally
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), NCBS-TIFR, UAS-GKVK, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - V G M Naidu
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER-Hyderabad), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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85
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A Systematic Framework for Drug Repositioning from Integrated Omics and Drug Phenotype Profiles Using Pathway-Drug Network. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:7147039. [PMID: 28127549 PMCID: PMC5233404 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7147039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Drug repositioning offers new clinical indications for old drugs. Recently, many computational approaches have been developed to repurpose marketed drugs in human diseases by mining various of biological data including disease expression profiles, pathways, drug phenotype expression profiles, and chemical structure data. However, despite encouraging results, a comprehensive and efficient computational drug repositioning approach is needed that includes the high-level integration of available resources. In this study, we propose a systematic framework employing experimental genomic knowledge and pharmaceutical knowledge to reposition drugs for a specific disease. Specifically, we first obtain experimental genomic knowledge from disease gene expression profiles and pharmaceutical knowledge from drug phenotype expression profiles and construct a pathway-drug network representing a priori known associations between drugs and pathways. To discover promising candidates for drug repositioning, we initialize node labels for the pathway-drug network using identified disease pathways and known drugs associated with the phenotype of interest and perform network propagation in a semisupervised manner. To evaluate our method, we conducted some experiments to reposition 1309 drugs based on four different breast cancer datasets and verified the results of promising candidate drugs for breast cancer by a two-step validation procedure. Consequently, our experimental results showed that the proposed framework is quite useful approach to discover promising candidates for breast cancer treatment.
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86
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Yan G, Zhang H, Wang W, Li Y, Mao C, Fang M, Yi X, Zhang J. Investigation of the influence of glycyrrhizin on the pharmacokinetics of celastrol in rats using LC-MS and its potential mechanism. Xenobiotica 2016; 47:607-613. [PMID: 27919190 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2016.1211773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guangkui Yan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China and
| | - Hanhua Zhang
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China and
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China and
| | - Chenghuang Mao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China and
| | - Mingqiao Fang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China and
| | - Xianhong Yi
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China and
| | - Jingdong Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China and
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87
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Cevatemre B, Botta B, Mori M, Berardozzi S, Ingallina C, Ulukaya E. The plant-derived triterpenoid tingenin B is a potent anticancer agent due to its cytotoxic activity on cancer stem cells of breast cancer in vitro. Chem Biol Interact 2016; 260:248-255. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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88
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Luo D, Zhao J, Rong J. Plant-derived triterpene celastrol ameliorates oxygen glucose deprivation-induced disruption of endothelial barrier assembly via inducing tight junction proteins. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 23:1621-1628. [PMID: 27823626 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2016.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The integrity and functions of blood-brain barrier (BBB) are regulated by the expression and organization of tight junction proteins. OBJECTIVE The present study was designed to explore whether plant-derived triterpenoid celastrol could regulate tight junction integrity in murine brain endothelial bEnd3 cells. METHODS We disrupted the tight junctions between endothelial bEnd3 cells by oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD). We investigated the effects of celastrol on the permeability of endothelial monolayers by measuring transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER). To clarify the tight junction composition, we analyzed the expression of tight junction proteins by RT-PCR and Western blotting techniques. RESULTS We found that celastrol recovered OGD-induced TEER loss in a concentration-dependent manner. Celastrol induced occludin, claudin-5 and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) in endothelial cells. As a result, celastrol effectively maintained tight junction integrity and inhibited macrophage migration through endothelial monolayers against OGD challenge. Further mechanistic studies revealed that celastrol induced the expression of occludin and ZO-1) via activating MAPKs and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. We also observed that celastrol regulated claudin-5 expression through different mechanisms. CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated that celastrol effectively protected tight junction integrity against OGD-induced damage. Thus, celastrol could be a drug candidate for the treatment of BBB dysfunction in various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Luo
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jia Zhao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jianhui Rong
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
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89
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Zhang JF, Liu J, Wang Y, Zhang B. Novel therapeutic strategies for patients with triple-negative breast cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:6519-6528. [PMID: 27799799 PMCID: PMC5085278 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s105716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents a very heterogeneous group of breast diseases. Currently, the backbone of therapy for TNBC is mainly chemotherapy as there are no effective specific targeted agents approved to treat TNBC. Despite initial responses to chemotherapy, resistance frequently and rapidly develops and metastatic TNBC has a poor prognosis. Therefore, new targeted strategies are, accordingly, urgently needed. This article discusses the recent developments in targeted agents explored for TNBC, aiming to offer novel therapeutic strategies that can potentially assist in designing personalized therapeutics in the future as well as provide the basis for further research in an attempt to target TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Fei Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China; Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Institute, Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China; Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Institute, Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China; Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Institute, Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
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90
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Sharma P, Thummuri D, Reddy TS, Senwar KR, Naidu V, Srinivasulu G, Bharghava SK, Shankaraiah N. New ( E )-1-alkyl-1 H -benzo[ d ]imidazol-2-yl)methylene)indolin-2-ones: Synthesis, in vitro cytotoxicity evaluation and apoptosis inducing studies. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 122:584-600. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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91
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TAZ promotes cell growth and inhibits Celastrol-induced cell apoptosis. Biosci Rep 2016; 36:BSR20160135. [PMID: 27515420 PMCID: PMC5041157 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20160135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hippo pathway is a highly conservative signalling pathway related to the development of organisms, which has been demonstrated to be strongly linked to the tumorigenesis and tumour progression. As the major downstream effector of Hippo pathway, yes-associated protein (YAP), is a transcriptional activator of target genes that are involved in cell proliferation and survival. As an oncogene, YAP can promote cell growth and inhibit cell apoptosis. Another major downstream effector of Hippo pathway, transcriptional co-activators with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), is nearly 60% homologous with YAP. In the present study, we assume that TAZ probably has the similar function to YAP. To test this issue, we established an inducible and a stable expression system of TAZ in T-Rex-293 and HEK293 cells respectively. The results of cell growth curves, colony formation assay and tumour xenograft growth showed that overexpression of TAZ could promote cell growth in vitro and in vivo Meanwhile, we found that up-regulated expression of TAZ could partially restore Celastrol-induced cell apoptosis. Induced overexpression of TAZ could up-regulate its target genes including ankyrin repeat domain-containing protein (ANKRD), cysteine-rich 61 (CYR61) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), increase the expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), decrease the expression of Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax) and activate the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway, which may be the mechanism underlying anti-apoptosis of TAZ. All these findings indicated that TAZ acts as an oncogene that could be a key regulator of cell proliferation and apoptosis.
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92
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Yu X, Wang Q, Zhou X, Fu C, Cheng M, Guo R, Liu H, Zhang B, Dai M. Celastrol negatively regulates cell invasion and migration ability of human osteosarcoma via downregulation of the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway in vitro. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:3423-3428. [PMID: 27900015 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary malignant tumor of the bone, with a tendency to metastasize early. Despite the advances in treatment options, more than 30% of patients develop distant metastases, and the prognosis of these patients with metastases is extremely poor. Celastrol has been demonstrated to manifest multiple pharmacological activities, including induction of apoptosis in numerous types of cancer cell lines. Our previous studies have also suggested that Celastrol is capable of inducing apoptosis of human osteosarcoma cells via the mitochondrial-dependent pathway. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Celastrol on the migration and invasion of human osteosarcoma U-2OS cells in vitro. Cell migration and invasion were investigated using wound healing and Boyden chamber Transwell assays. We observed that Celastrol suppressed cell invasion and migration in human osteosarcoma U-2OS cells. Furthermore, protein expression levels of phosphorylated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), Akt, inhibitor of κB kinase α/β, inhibitor of κB α, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB subunit p65) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and -9 were measured by western blot analysis. We observed that the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway was inhibited following Celastrol treatment. In addition, the expression levels of MMP-2 and -9 proteins were also reduced significantly following Celastrol treatment. Therefore, we confirmed that Celastrol suppressed osteosarcoma U-2OS cell metastasis via downregulation of the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Changlin Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Ming Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Runsheng Guo
- Multidisciplinary Therapy Center of Musculoskeletal Tumor, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Hucheng Liu
- Multidisciplinary Therapy Center of Musculoskeletal Tumor, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Min Dai
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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93
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Venkatesha SH, Dudics S, Astry B, Moudgil KD. Control of autoimmune inflammation by celastrol, a natural triterpenoid. Pathog Dis 2016; 74:ftw059. [PMID: 27405485 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftw059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Celastrol is a bioactive compound derived from traditional Chinese medicinal herbs of the Celastraceae family. Celastrol is known to possess anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities. Our studies have highlighted the immunomodulatory attributes of celastrol in adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA), an experimental model of human rheumatoid arthritis (RA). RA is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the synovial lining of the joints, leading eventually to tissue damage and deformities. Identification of the molecular targets of celastrol such as the NF-κB pathway, MAPK pathway, JAK/STAT pathway and RANKL/OPG pathway has unraveled its strategic checkpoints in controlling arthritic inflammation and tissue damage in AA. The pathological events that are targeted and rectified by celastrol include increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines; an imbalance between pathogenic T helper 17 and regulatory T cells; enhanced production of chemokines coupled with increased migration of immune cells into the joints; and increased release of mediators of osteoclastic bone damage. Accordingly, celastrol is a promising candidate for further testing in the clinic for RA therapy. Furthermore, the results of other preclinical studies suggest that celastrol might also be beneficial for the treatment of a few other autoimmune diseases besides arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivaprasad H Venkatesha
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 W. Baltimore Street, HSF-1, Suite 380, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Steven Dudics
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 W. Baltimore Street, HSF-1, Suite 380, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Brian Astry
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 W. Baltimore Street, HSF-1, Suite 380, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Kamal D Moudgil
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 W. Baltimore Street, HSF-1, Suite 380, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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94
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Prajapti SK, Nagarsenkar A, Guggilapu SD, Gupta KK, Allakonda L, Jeengar MK, Naidu V, Babu BN. Synthesis and biological evaluation of oxindole linked indolyl-pyrimidine derivatives as potential cytotoxic agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:3024-3028. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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95
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Liu H, Mastriani E, Yan ZQ, Yin SY, Zeng Z, Wang H, Li QH, Liu HY, Wang X, Bao HX, Zhou YJ, Kou JJ, Li D, Li T, Liu J, Liu Y, Yin L, Qiu L, Gong L, Liu SL. SOX7 co-regulates Wnt/β-catenin signaling with Axin-2: both expressed at low levels in breast cancer. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26136. [PMID: 27188720 PMCID: PMC4870566 DOI: 10.1038/srep26136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
SOX7 as a tumor suppressor belongs to the SOX F gene subfamily and is associated with a variety of human cancers, including breast cancer, but the mechanisms involved are largely unclear. In the current study, we investigated the interactions between SOX7 and AXIN2 in their co-regulation on the Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway, using clinical specimens and microarray gene expression data from the GEO database, for their roles in breast cancer. We compared the expression levels of SOX7 and other co-expressed genes in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and found that the expression of SOX7, SOX17 and SOX18 was all reduced significantly in the breast cancer tissues compared to normal controls. AXIN2 had the highest co-relativity with SOX7 in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Clinicopathological analysis demonstrated that the down-regulated SOX7 was significantly correlated with advanced stages and poorly differentiated breast cancers. Consistent with bioinformatics predictions, SOX7 was correlated positively with AXIN2 and negatively with β-catenin, suggesting that SOX7 and AXIN2 might play important roles as co-regulators through the Wnt-β-catenin pathway in the breast tissue to affect the carcinogenesis process. Our results also showed Smad7 as the target of SOX7 and AXIN2 in controlling breast cancer progression through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huidi Liu
- Genomics Research Centre, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.,Collage of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.,HMU-UCFM Centre for Infection and Genomics, Harbin, 150081, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Emilio Mastriani
- Genomics Research Centre, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Zi-Qiao Yan
- Genomics Research Centre, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Si-Yuan Yin
- Genomics Research Centre, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Zheng Zeng
- Genomics Research Centre, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Hong Wang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Qing-Hai Li
- Genomics Research Centre, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Hong-Yu Liu
- Pathology Department, The First Hospital of Qiqihaer City, Qiqihaer, 161006, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Genomics Research Centre, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Hong-Xia Bao
- Genomics Research Centre, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yu-Jie Zhou
- Genomics Research Centre, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Jun-Jie Kou
- Genomics Research Centre, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.,Collage of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Dongsheng Li
- Genomics Research Centre, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.,Collage of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Ting Li
- Genomics Research Centre, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.,Collage of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Jianrui Liu
- Genomics Research Centre, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yongfang Liu
- Genomics Research Centre, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.,Collage of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Lin Yin
- Genomics Research Centre, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.,Collage of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Li Qiu
- Genomics Research Centre, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.,Collage of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Liling Gong
- Genomics Research Centre, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.,Collage of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Shu-Lin Liu
- Genomics Research Centre, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.,HMU-UCFM Centre for Infection and Genomics, Harbin, 150081, China.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 4N1, Canada
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96
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Yu X, Ruan X, Zhang J, Zhao Q. Celastrol Induces Cell Apoptosis and Inhibits the Expression of the AML1-ETO/C-KIT Oncoprotein in t(8;21) Leukemia. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21050574. [PMID: 27144550 PMCID: PMC6274014 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21050574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to chemotherapy is a major challenge to improving overall survival in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). Therefore, the development of innovative therapies and the identification of more novel agents for AML are urgently needed. Celastrol, a compound extracted from the Chinese herb Tripterygium wilfordii Hook, exerts anticancer activity. We investigated the effect of celastrol in the t(8;21) AML cell lines Kasumi-1 and SKNO-1. We demonstrated that inhibition of cell proliferation activated caspases and disrupted mitochondrial function. In addition, we found that celastrol downregulated the AML1-ETO fusion protein, therefore downregulating C-KIT kinases and inhibiting AKT, STAT3 and Erk1/2. These findings provide clear evidence that celastrol might provide clinical benefits to patients with t(8;21) leukemia.
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MESH Headings
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8
- Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit/biosynthesis
- Down-Regulation/drug effects
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Pentacyclic Triterpenes
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/biosynthesis
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit/biosynthesis
- RUNX1 Translocation Partner 1 Protein
- Transcription Factors/biosynthesis
- Translocation, Genetic
- Triterpenes/therapeutic use
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjun Yu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Oncology Center, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
| | - Xuzhi Ruan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
| | - Jingxuan Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
| | - Qun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
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97
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Cui Y, Lu P, Song G, Liu Q, Zhu D, Liu X. Involvement of PI3K/Akt, ERK and p38 signaling pathways in emodin-mediated extrinsic and intrinsic human hepatoblastoma cell apoptosis. Food Chem Toxicol 2016; 92:26-37. [PMID: 27032576 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2015] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
As a natural anthraquinone derivative, 1,3,8-trihydroxy-6-methylanthraquinone, known as emodin, has recently been reported to possess potential chemopreventive capacity, but the underlying molecular mechanism of its hepatocyte toxicity remains poorly clarified. The present research indicated that emodin targeted HepG2 cells without being cytotoxic to primary human hepatocyte cells in comparison with chrysophanol and rhein. The anti-proliferative effect of emodin was ascribed to occurrence of apoptosis, which characterized by higher ethidium bromide signal, brighter DAPI fluorescence, cleavages of procaspase-3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase as well as quantitative result from Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining. Furthermore, emodin improved Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, elicited disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential and promoted efflux of cytochrome c to cytosol, indicative of features of mitochondria-dependent apoptotic signals. Emodin concurrently led to activations of Fas, Fas-L, caspase-8 and tBid, which provoked death receptor apoptotic signals. Notably, activated tBid relayed the Fas apoptotic signal to the mitochondrial pathway. Besides, emodin effectively attenuated phosphorylations of Akt and ERK and promoted phosphorylation of p38. Inhibitions of PI3K/Akt and ERK and activation of p38 mediated emodin-induced apoptosis through modulating the mitochondrial pathway and/or death receptor pathway. Additionally, there was a cross-talk between PI3K/Akt and MAPKs pathways in emodin-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Cui
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Peiran Lu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Ge Song
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Di Zhu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xuebo Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
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98
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Feng MX, Hong JX, Wang Q, Fan YY, Yuan CT, Lei XH, Zhu M, Qin A, Chen HX, Hong D. Dihydroartemisinin prevents breast cancer-induced osteolysis via inhibiting both breast caner cells and osteoclasts. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19074. [PMID: 26743690 PMCID: PMC4705478 DOI: 10.1038/srep19074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone is the most common site of distant relapse in breast cancer, leading to severe complications which dramatically affect the patients’ quality of life. It is believed that the crosstalk between metastatic breast cancer cells and osteoclasts is critical for breast cancer-induced osteolysis. In this study, the effects of dihydroartemisinin (DHA) on osteoclast formation, bone resorption, osteoblast differentiation and mineralization were initially assessed in vitro, followed by further investigation in a titanium-particle-induced osteolysis model in vivo. Based on the proved inhibitory effect of DHA on osteolysis, DHA was further applied to MDA-MB-231 breast cancer-induced mouse osteolysis model, with the underlying molecular mechanisms further investigated. Here, we verified for the first time that DHA suppressed osteoclast differentiation, F-actin ring formation and bone resorption through suppressing AKT/SRC pathways, leading to the preventive effect of DHA on titanium-particle-induced osteolysis without affecting osteoblast function. More importantly, we demonstrated that DHA inhibited breast tumor-induced osteolysis through inhibiting the proliferation, migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells via modulating AKT signaling pathway. In conclusion, DHA effectively inhibited osteoclastogenesis and prevented breast cancer-induced osteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Xuan Feng
- Orthopaedic Department, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, China
| | - Jian-Xin Hong
- Orthopaedic Department, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Orthopaedic Department, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Yong-Yong Fan
- Orthopaedic Department, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, China
| | - Chi-Ting Yuan
- Orthopaedic Department, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, China
| | - Xin-Huan Lei
- Orthopaedic Department, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, China
| | - Min Zhu
- Orthopaedic Department, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, China
| | - An Qin
- Orthopaedic Department, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011,China
| | - Hai-Xiao Chen
- Orthopaedic Department, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, China
| | - Dun Hong
- Orthopaedic Department, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, China
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99
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Zhu R, Wang Q, Zhu Y, Wang Z, Zhang H, Wu B, Wu X, Wang S. pH sensitive nano layered double hydroxides reduce the hematotoxicity and enhance the anticancer efficacy of etoposide on non-small cell lung cancer. Acta Biomater 2016; 29:320-332. [PMID: 26485164 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Etoposide (VP16), used for the treatment of many carcinomas, can cause leukopenia, thrombocytopenia and hair loss. To overcome the side effects and achieve target therapy, layered double hydroxides (LDHs), a pH sensitive layered double hydroxide nanohybrid, was used here as a nano-carrier. The functions of LDHs-VP16 on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were firstly explored both in vitro and in vivo. In A549 cell line, LDH-VP16 induced apoptosis 2.3-fold as that of plain VP16 by targeting to mitochondrial, stocking cells in G1 phase. The cellular uptake demonstrated the delivery of LDH for VP16 to pass through the membrane and accumulate in mitochondria. As a carrier, LDH greatly decreased the liver toxicity and hematotoxicity of VP16. The detected liver parameters, including glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), were all turn back to normal range after the delivery of LDH, except ALP. In vivo, LDH-VP16 reduced A549 tumor growth significantly by 60.5%, whereas native VP16 exerted no significant anticancer activity. In LDH-VP16 treated mice, the AUC was increased by 6.26 folds as the native drug, and t1/2 of LDH-VP16 was prolonged from 6.68 to 98.78h. LDH-VP16 showed a targeting effect, which largely increase the concentration in tumor and lung. The phosphorylation antibody array and Western Blot of proteins from xenografts revealed that PI3K-AKT signaling was suppressed in the LDH-VP16 treated tumor, while in VP16 treated mice, ERBB signaling pathway was involved. These results suggested that LDH-VP16 diminishes hematotoxicity, targets NSCLC tumor, performs more effectively than VP16, and different signaling pathway is involved compared to VP16. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE This paper explored that nano-sized layered double hydroxide (LDH) could be used as a pH sensitive delivery system to overcome hematotoxicity and enhance the bioavailability and anticancer efficacy of etoposide (VP16) against non small cell lung cancer, which was not reported before, as the best of our knowledge. We found that the liver and hematotoxicity is nearly recovered after the loading of VP16 in pH sensitive LDH, which prongs the half time from 6.68h to 98h, helps target VP16 to tumor and lung, and protects white blood cells by its pH sensitive and nano-size property. LDH-VP16 achieve markedly performance on non-small cell lung cancer by targeting to mitochondria of A549 cells in vitro and effectively inhibiting the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway in vivo. The inhibition ratio of VP16 on A549 tumor growth is increased from less than 20% (no significance compared to control) to 60.5% after the delivery of LDH. This work provides a novel system for the safe and efficient use of etoposide on non-small cell lung cancer and explores the mechanism of the function of nano carrier in cancer therapy both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Zhu
- Tongji Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingxiu Wang
- Tongji Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Research Center for Translational Medicine at East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanjing Zhu
- Tongji Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaoqi Wang
- Tongji Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haixia Zhang
- Tongji Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Wu
- Tongji Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianzheng Wu
- Tongji Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shilong Wang
- Tongji Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Research Center for Translational Medicine at East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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100
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Han LP, Li CJ, Sun B, Xie Y, Guan Y, Ma ZJ, Chen LM. Protective Effects of Celastrol on Diabetic Liver Injury via TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB Signaling Pathway in Type 2 Diabetic Rats. J Diabetes Res 2016; 2016:2641248. [PMID: 27057550 PMCID: PMC4745324 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2641248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2015] [Revised: 12/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune and inflammatory pathways play a central role in the pathogenesis of diabetic liver injury. Celastrol is a potent immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory agent. So far, there is no evidence regarding the mechanism of innate immune alterations of celastrol on diabetic liver injury in type 2 diabetic animal models. The present study was aimed at investigating protective effects of celastrol on the liver injury in diabetic rats and at elucidating the possible involved mechanisms. We analyzed the liver histopathological and biochemical changes and the expressions of TLR4 mediated signaling pathway. Compared to the normal control group, diabetic rats were found to have obvious steatohepatitis and proinflammatory cytokine activities were significantly upregulated. Celastrol-treated diabetic rats show reduced hepatic inflammation and macrophages infiltration. The expressions of TLR4, MyD88, NF-κB, and downstream inflammatory factors IL-1β and TNFα in the hepatic tissue of treated rats were downregulated in a dose-dependent manner. We firstly found that celastrol treatment could delay the progression of diabetic liver disease in type 2 diabetic rats via inhibition of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling cascade pathways and its downstream inflammatory effectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-ping Han
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Hormone and Development, Ministry of Health, Metabolic Disease Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Chun-jun Li
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Hormone and Development, Ministry of Health, Metabolic Disease Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Bei Sun
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Hormone and Development, Ministry of Health, Metabolic Disease Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yun Xie
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Hormone and Development, Ministry of Health, Metabolic Disease Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yue Guan
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Hormone and Development, Ministry of Health, Metabolic Disease Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Ze-jun Ma
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Hormone and Development, Ministry of Health, Metabolic Disease Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Li-ming Chen
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Hormone and Development, Ministry of Health, Metabolic Disease Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
- *Li-ming Chen:
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