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Deng L, Han X, Wang Z, Nie X, Bian J. The Landscape of Noncoding RNA in Pulmonary Hypertension. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12060796. [PMID: 35740920 PMCID: PMC9220981 DOI: 10.3390/biom12060796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcriptome of pulmonary hypertension (PH) is complex and highly genetically heterogeneous, with noncoding RNA transcripts playing crucial roles. The majority of RNAs in the noncoding transcriptome are long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) with less circular RNAs (circRNAs), which are two characteristics gaining increasing attention in the forefront of RNA research field. These noncoding transcripts (especially lncRNAs and circRNAs) exert important regulatory functions in PH and emerge as potential disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Recent technological advancements have established great momentum for discovery and functional characterization of ncRNAs, which include broad transcriptome sequencing such as bulk RNA-sequence, single-cell and spatial transcriptomics, and RNA-protein/RNA interactions. In this review, we summarize the current research on the classification, biogenesis, and the biological functions and molecular mechanisms of these noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) involved in the pulmonary vascular remodeling in PH. Furthermore, we highlight the utility and challenges of using these ncRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutics in PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Deng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; (L.D.); (Z.W.)
| | - Xiaofeng Han
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China;
| | - Ziping Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; (L.D.); (Z.W.)
| | - Xiaowei Nie
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518055, China
- Correspondence: (X.N.); (J.B.)
| | - Jinsong Bian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; (L.D.); (Z.W.)
- Correspondence: (X.N.); (J.B.)
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Li Q, Wang Y, An Y, Wang J, Gao Y. The Particular Expression Profiles of Circular RNA in Peripheral Blood of Myocardial Infarction Patients by RNA Sequencing. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:810257. [PMID: 35734281 PMCID: PMC9207279 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.810257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the most common illnesses seriously harmful to human health. Notwithstanding, the systems of its pathogenesis are as yet not totally demonstrated. CircRNA is one sort of non-coding RNA, and late distributed information proposes that circRNAs assume a significant part in heart diseases; however, their expression profiles in the peripheral blood of patients with MI are not yet totally characterized. Therefore, RNAs from peripheral blood were recruited for high-throughput RNA-seq analysis. A total of 3,862 circRNAs were distinguished to be remarkably different, including 2,738 circRNAs being upregulated and 1,124 circRNAs being downregulated. circTMEM165, circUBAC2, circZNF609, circANKRD12, and circSLC8A1 were reconfirmed by RT-qPCR in the cell model. ROC curves uncovered that they have great sensitivity and specificity in the determination of MI. Besides, circRNAs are associated with cell metabolism and function by directing complex networks among circular RNAs, microRNAs, and messenger RNAs. In outline, our study portrayed the specific articulation profiles of circular RNA in patients with MI. The outcomes showed that circRNAs might fill in as a sort of ideal biomarkers for MI diagnosis. Further exploration of these circRNAs may enrich our understanding of MI etiology and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Department of Nursing, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuanyong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yi An
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jianxun Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yufang Gao
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Gao X, Tian X, Huang Y, Fang R, Wang G, Li D, Zhang J, Li T, Yuan R. Role of circular RNA in myocardial ischemia and ageing-related diseases. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2022; 65:1-11. [PMID: 35561533 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA) is a new endogenous transcription product, which has attracted significant attention in RNA biology research.CircRNA comprise exons or introns involved in regulation of various mechanisms.These molecules are stable and species-specific, as well as cell and tissue-specific.Cardiovascular diseases particularly myocardial ischemia and ageing-related diseases, pose a major health care burden and novel treatments and biomarkers should be explored.Recent findings indicate that circRNAs are implicated in biological processes, such as glucose metabolism, fatty acid oxidation, mitochondrial biosynthesis, implying that they are potential targets for myocardial ischemia treatment.In the present review, the functions of circRNAs in the heart are described, with emphasis given on in the relationship with myocardial ischemia and cardiac aging-related diseases.Directions for future research are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Gao
- School of Graduate, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle section of Shiji Avenue, Xianyang 712046, China; Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, No.4 Xihuamen Street, Xi'an 710003, China
| | - Xin Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, No.4 Xihuamen Street, Xi'an 710003, China
| | - Ye Huang
- Department of Emergency, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No.1 Xiyuan Playground Street, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Rong Fang
- School of Graduate, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle section of Shiji Avenue, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Gendi Wang
- School of Graduate, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle section of Shiji Avenue, Xianyang 712046, China; Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, No.4 Xihuamen Street, Xi'an 710003, China
| | - Dan Li
- School of Graduate, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle section of Shiji Avenue, Xianyang 712046, China; Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, No.4 Xihuamen Street, Xi'an 710003, China
| | - Junru Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, No.4 Xihuamen Street, Xi'an 710003, China.
| | - Tian Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 169 Changle West Rd, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Ruihua Yuan
- School of Graduate, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle section of Shiji Avenue, Xianyang 712046, China; Real World Clinical Research Institute, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle section of Shiji Avenue, Xianyang 712046, China.
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Long X, Qiu Z, Li C, Wang Y, Li J, Zhao R, Rong J, Gu N, Yuan J, Ge J, Shi B. CircERBB2IP promotes post-infarction revascularization via the miR-145a-5p/Smad5 axis. MOLECULAR THERAPY - NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 28:573-586. [PMID: 35592503 PMCID: PMC9096260 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Zhang Y, Tian Z, Ye H, Sun X, Zhang H, Sun Y, Mao Y, Yang Z, Li M. Emerging functions of circular RNA in the regulation of adipocyte metabolism and obesity. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:268. [PMID: 35595755 PMCID: PMC9122900 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01062-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
As noncoding RNAs, circular RNAs (circRNAs) are covalently enclosed endogenous biomolecules in eukaryotes that have tissue specificity and cell specificity. circRNAs were once considered a rare splicing byproduct. With the development of high-throughput sequencing, it has been confirmed that they are expressed in thousands of mammalian genes. To date, only a few circRNA functions and regulatory mechanisms have been verified. Adipose is the main tissue for body energy storage and energy supply. Adipocyte metabolism is a physiological process involving a series of genes and affects biological activities in the body, such as energy metabolism, immunity, and signal transmission. When adipocyte formation is dysregulated, it will cause a series of diseases, such as atherosclerosis, obesity, fatty liver, and diabetes. In recent years, many noncoding RNAs involved in adipocyte metabolism have been revealed. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the basic structure and biosynthetic mechanism of circRNAs, and further discusses the circRNAs related to adipocyte formation in adipose tissue and liver. Our review will provide a reference for further elucidating the genetic regulation mechanism of circRNAs involved in adipocyte metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics & Breeding and Molecular Design of Jiangsu province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhichen Tian
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics & Breeding and Molecular Design of Jiangsu province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haibo Ye
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics & Breeding and Molecular Design of Jiangsu province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaomei Sun
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics & Breeding and Molecular Design of Jiangsu province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huiming Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics & Breeding and Molecular Design of Jiangsu province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yujia Sun
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics & Breeding and Molecular Design of Jiangsu province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongjiang Mao
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics & Breeding and Molecular Design of Jiangsu province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhangping Yang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China. .,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics & Breeding and Molecular Design of Jiangsu province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Mingxun Li
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China. .,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics & Breeding and Molecular Design of Jiangsu province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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Lu H, Yang Y, Kuang D, Liu P, Yang J. Expression profile of circRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. BMC Med Genomics 2022; 15:77. [PMID: 35379246 PMCID: PMC8981773 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-022-01225-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Circular RNAs (circRNAs) is a newly discovered non-coding RNA that can be used as biomarkers in clinical blood samples. This study aims to screen differentially expressed circular RNAs in PBMCs of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) to determine new biomarkers for the diagnosis of RA.
Methods The differentially expressed circRNAs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 4 RA patients and 4 healthy participants were screened and analyzed by gene microarray technology. We then validated some of the differentially expressed circRNAs in PBMCs of 20 RA patients, 10 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and 20 healthy participants using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction amplification (RT-qPCR). Spearman correlation test was performed to analyze the correlation between differentially expressed circRNAs and clinical variables in RA patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were calculated to evaluate the diagnostic value of circRNAs. Results Differential analysis obtained 149 circRNAs with significant up-regulated expression and 250 circRNAs with significant down-regulated expression, which predicted the miRNA targets and binding sites. Compared with SLE and health control group, hsa_circ_101328 was found to be a common gene with differential expression of RA. Besides, correlation analysis revealed significant correlation between hsa_circ_101328 and positive CRP. ROC curve analysis showed that hsa_circ_101328 has the potential of RA diagnosis. Conclusion We identified some dysregulated circRNAs in PBMCs from RA patients, and hsa_circ_101328 may be a novel and effective biomarker for early diagnosis of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huangxin Lu
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Yang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Kuang
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Liu
- Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330027, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Junping Yang
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang Y, Yang Y, Ju H, He X, Sun P, Tian Y, Yang P, Song XX, Yu T, Jiang Z. Comprehensive profile of circRNAs in formaldehyde induced heart development. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 162:112899. [PMID: 35231573 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.112899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel type of long non-coding RNAs that can regulate gene expression in heart development and heart disease. However, the expression pattern of circRNAs in congenital heart disease (CHD) induced by formaldehyde exposure is still unknown. We detected circRNAs expression profiles in heart tissue taken from six neonatal rat pups with formaldehyde exposure group and normal group using RNA-sequencing. Results revealed that a total of 54 circRNAs were dysregulated in the formaldehyde exposure group compared to the normal group. Among them, 31 were upregulated and 23 were downregulated (fold change = 2.0, p < 0.0 5). The qRT-qPCR results showed that expressions of 12:628708|632694, 18:77477060|77520779, 5:167486001|167526275 were significantly upregulated, while that of 7:41167312|4116775 and 20:50659751|5068786 were notably downregulated; the expression pattern was consistent with the RNA sequencing data. Bioinformatics analysis shows that the pathogenesis of formaldehyde exposure-induced CHD may involve Hippo-YAP pathway、Notch signaling pathway and other pathways. A key miRNA (rno-miR-665) was identified by constructing a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA co-expression network. In summary, the study illustrated that circRNAs differentially expressed in fetal heart tissues during formaldehyde exposure has potential biological functions and may be a biomarker or therapeutic target for CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Road No. 59 Haier, Qingdao, 266100, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Yang
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine School, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Ju
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Road No. 16 Jiangsu, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangqin He
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Road No. 59 Haier, Qingdao, 266100, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Pin Sun
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Road No. 59 Haier, Qingdao, 266100, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Tian
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Road No. 59 Haier, Qingdao, 266100, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Panyu Yang
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Road No. 59 Haier, Qingdao, 266100, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Xia Song
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Road No. 59 Haier, Qingdao, 266100, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Road No. 59 Haier, Qingdao, 266100, Shandong, People's Republic of China; Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Road No. 38 Dengzhou, Qingdao, 266021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhirong Jiang
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Road No. 59 Haier, Qingdao, 266100, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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Chatterjee E, Das S. Non-coding RNAs in cardiac remodeling: diversity in composition and function. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2022.100534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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lncRNA ADAMTS9-AS1/circFN1 Competitively Binds to miR-206 to Elevate the Expression of ACTB, Thus Inducing Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:1450610. [PMID: 35401927 PMCID: PMC8989615 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1450610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a genetic cardiac disease and can result in substantial disability. The current study explored the potentials of long noncoding RNA- (lncRNA-) circular RNA- (circRNA-) microRNA- (miRNA-) messenger RNA (mRNA) networks in HCM. Firstly, HCM-related microarray data were procured from the GEO database, with differentially expressed genes (DEGs) obtained. HCM-related target genes were retrieved in combination with GeneCards and CTD databases, and candidate target genes were subsequently obtained by intersection screening. Further, an interaction network diagram of candidate target genes was constructed using the STRING database, and the hub genes in the network were determined according to the core degree. The “ClusterProfiler” package of the R software was adopted for GO and KEGG analyses of candidate target genes, to analyze the potential molecular pathways in HCM. Next, upstream miRNA, lncRNA, and circRNA of ACTB were predicted with RNAInter, mirDIP, TargetScan, DIANA-LncBase, and StarBase databases, followed by construction of lncRNA/circRNA-miRNA-mRNA coexpression networks. ACTB, miR-206, circFN1, and ADAMTS9-AS1 expression in peripheral blood samples from HCM patients and normal healthy controls were detected using RT-qPCR. Moreover, rat cardiomyocyte cell lines H9c2 and HEK293 cells were selected for in vitro verification of competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulation mechanism. A total of 15 candidate target genes related to HCM were screened using the online databases. Further protein-protein interaction analysis identified ACTB as the hub gene for HCM. The targeted binding relationship between miR-206, miR-145-5p, miR-1-3p, and ACTB was found. Furthermore, ADAMTS9-AS1 and circFN1 were discovered as the upstream genes of miR-206. Moreover, ADAMTS9-AS1, circFN1, and ACTB were found to be poorly expressed, and miR-206 was highly expressed in HCM. In vitro experimentation further confirmed that ADAMTS9-AS1 and circFN1 could competitively bind to miR-206, thereby augmenting ACTB expression. Taken all, ADAMTS9-AS1/circFN1-miR-206-ACTB regulatory network may involve in HCM occurrence, providing a novel theoretical basis for in-depth understanding of mechanism of HCM.
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Li X, Tan W, Zheng S, Pyle WG, Zhu C, Chen H, Kang L, Wu J, Zou Y, Backx PH, Yang FH. Differential mRNA Expression and Circular RNA-Based Competitive Endogenous RNA Networks in the Three Stages of Heart Failure in Transverse Aortic Constriction Mice. Front Physiol 2022; 13:777284. [PMID: 35330931 PMCID: PMC8940230 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.777284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The murine transverse aortic constriction (TAC) model is frequently used to investigate molecular mechanisms underlying heart failure. However, limited data is available regarding the expression of mRNAs and circRNAs in murine heart failure progression induced by pressure overload. Methods Transverse aortic constriction was used to induce pressure overload for 2, 4, and 8 weeks in mice. Echocardiographic measurements in B-mode and M-mode, as well as blood flow Doppler data were collected in mice without (sham) and with (2W-, 4W-, and 8W-post-TAC) pressure load. Hearts were excised and morphology, cardiomyocyte size, and fibrosis were determined. RNA sequencing, circRNA microarray, functional mRNA enrichment analysis, hub gene identification, target miRNA interaction, and competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network construction were conducted. Results Heart weight, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, and fibrosis gradually increased over time in the hearts with pressure overload. The 2W-post-TAC hearts displayed concentric hypertrophy, thickened left ventricular walls, and increased EF and FS. The 4W-post-TAC hearts were characterized by preserved EF and FS, dilated atria, and increased left ventricle (LV) systolic volume. The 8W-post-TAC hearts presented with ventricular and atrial dilation, increased LV systolic and diastolic volume, reduced EF and FS, and increased ejection time (MV ET). mRNA expression analysis suggested that cardiac remodeling, immune response dysregulation, and metabolic disorder were the key cellular events in heart failure progression. Depression in chemotaxis and mitochondrial function were predicted in 4W- and 8W-post-TAC myocardia, respectively. A ceRNA network analysis demonstrated that the circRNAs targeted the expression of genes enriched in metabolism dysregulation in the 2W-post-TAC hypertrophic hearts, while they targeted genes enriched in cardiac remodeling in the 4W-post-TAC EF-preserved hearts and in the suppression of oxidative phosphorylation and cardiac contraction in the 8W-post-TAC EF-reduced hearts. Conclusion Our work empirically demonstrates that distinctive features of heart failure, including ventricular hypertrophy, heart failure with preserved EF (HFpEF), and heart failure with reduced EF (HFrEF) are present in the murine pressure overload models. The three stages of heart failure vary in terms of mRNA and circRNA expression, as well as ceRNA regulation in a manner consistent with their structural, functional, and pathological differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weijiang Tan
- Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangzhou, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuang Zheng
- Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangzhou, China
| | - W Glen Pyle
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Caiyi Zhu
- Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangzhou, China
| | - Honghua Chen
- Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangzhou, China
| | - Le Kang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunzeng Zou
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peter H Backx
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Feng Hua Yang
- Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangzhou, China
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Wu S, Chen L, Zhou X. Circular RNAs in the regulation of cardiac hypertrophy. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 27:484-490. [PMID: 35036059 PMCID: PMC8728521 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is a physiological adaptation to pressure stress that augments or preserves cardiac function. Prolonged hypertrophy can, however, eventually lead to heart failure. Although some effector molecules and signaling pathways have been associated with myocardial hypertrophy, progress has been limited, and further studies are needed to thoroughly explore the underlying mechanisms and to discover novel and effective therapeutic targets. Recently, non-coding RNAs, which are well-known physiological regulators, have attracted much attention in the field of cardiovascular research. Circular RNA, in particular, has emerged as a key player in cardiac hypertrophy, and increasing numbers of papers are now being devoted to this topic. In this review, we will give a brief introduction to circular RNA and then focus on its role as a potential therapeutic target in cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyi Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Zhang XY, Tang H, Liu Y, Du N, Tian S, Dou YQ. circYap inhibits oral squamous cell carcinoma by arresting cell cycle. Acta Odontol Scand 2022; 80:117-124. [PMID: 34280323 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2021.1946136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Circular RNAs (circRNAs) involve in the development and progression of tumour. The mechanism of circRNAs in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has remained unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of circular Yes-associated protein (circYap) in OSCC. METHODS Quantification reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was applied to measure circYap expression in patients with OSCC tissues and cells. Flow cytometry was performed to evaluate cell cycle. circYap interaction with CDK4 was detected by RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and RNA pull-down. The interaction of Cyclin D1 and CDK4 was determined using co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP). RESULTS We showed that circYap expression was downregulated in OSCC tissues. Using small interfering circular (Si-circYap) and overexpression plasmid, we found that circYap overexpression inhibited proliferation and arrested cell cycle in OSCC cells, while, circYap knockdown yielded the opposite result. Cyclin D1/CDK4 complexes and nuclear translocation is essential for cell cycle progression. We found that CDK4 interacted with circYap was increased when circYap overexpression, meanwhile, Cyclin D1/CDK4 complexes and of nuclear distribution were decreased. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that circYap impedes progression of OSCC. Overexpression of circYap suppresses proliferation and cell cycle through binding to CDK4 to block formation and nuclear translocation of Cyclin D1/CDK4 complexes. Thus, circYap may serves as a valuable therapeutic target for OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yun Zhang
- College of Integrative Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Huifang Tang
- Department of Oral Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yanping Liu
- Physical Examination Center, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Nan Du
- Department of Oral Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Songbo Tian
- Department of Oral Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yong-Qing Dou
- College of Integrative Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
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63
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Misir S, Wu N, Yang BB. Specific expression and functions of circular RNAs. Cell Death Differ 2022; 29:481-491. [PMID: 35169296 PMCID: PMC8901656 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-022-00948-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, circular RNAs (circRNAs), a new class of RNA molecules characterized by their covalently closed circular structure, have become a new research paradigm in RNA biology. Many circRNAs are conserved among eukaryotes, localize in specific subcellular compartments, and play different biological roles. Accumulating evidence shows that circRNAs regulate a diversity of cellular processes by acting as miRNA sponges, anchors for circRNA binding proteins (cRBPs), transcriptional regulators, molecular scaffolds, and sources for translation of small proteins/peptides. The emergence of the biological functions of circRNAs has brought a new perspective to our understanding of cellular physiology and disease pathogenesis. Recent studies have shown that the expression of circRNAs is tissue- and cell type-specific and specifically regulated through development or disease progression, where they exert specific biological functions. However, the mechanisms underlying these remain largely unknown. A deeper understanding of how the specific expression of circRNAs is regulated to exert specific biological functions will enable the use of circRNA as a biomarker in clinical practice and the development of new therapeutic approaches. This review aims to summarize recent developments in circRNA biogenesis, functions, and molecular mechanisms. We also provide some specific circRNAs as examples to show their tissue-specific distribution and evaluate the possibility of applying circRNA technologies in molecular research and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sema Misir
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Sunnybrook Research Institute, and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Nan Wu
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Sunnybrook Research Institute, and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Burton B. Yang
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Sunnybrook Research Institute, and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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64
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Noncoding RNAs in Cardiac Hypertrophy and Heart Failure. Cells 2022; 11:cells11050777. [PMID: 35269399 PMCID: PMC8908994 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is a major global health concern. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are involved in physiological processes and in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including heart failure. ncRNAs have emerged as critical components of transcriptional regulatory pathways that govern cardiac development, stress response, signaling, and remodeling in cardiac pathology. Recently, studies of ncRNAs in cardiovascular disease have achieved significant development. Here, we discuss the roles of ncRNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs) that modulate the cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure.
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65
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Li M, Ding W, Liu G, Wang J. Extracellular Circular RNAs Act as Novel First Messengers Mediating Cell Cross-Talk in Ischemic Cardiac Injury and Myocardial Remodeling. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2022; 15:444-455. [PMID: 35182317 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-022-10219-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) causes most of the mortality worldwide. Coronary obstruction-caused myocardial ischemic injury leads to permanent loss of the myocardium. Subsequent compensatory myocardial remodeling and heart failure would result in arrhythmia and even sudden death. The molecular mechanisms of these pathological processes remain to be thoroughly revealed. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are special types of non-coding RNAs which can durably regulate gene expression and modulate cell fate. They had been reported to mediate ischemic myocardial injury and myocardial remodeling. circRNAs can be loaded into extracellular vesicles and released into extracellular space. More recently, it was uncovered that the extracellular circRNAs can regulate intercellular communications, similar to "first messengers." The cross-talk mediated by extracellular circRNAs had been demonstrated to play important roles in pathological processes. Here, we would like to review the modulation of extracellular circRNAs in ischemic myocardial injury and myocardial remodeling. We believe the extracellular circRNAs can bring new strategies of MI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyang Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Wei Ding
- Department of Comprehensive Internal Medicine, Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Gaoli Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266510, China
| | - Jianxun Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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66
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Cai B, Ma M, Zhou Z, Kong S, Zhang J, Zhang X, Nie Q. circPTPN4 regulates myogenesis via the miR-499-3p/NAMPT axis. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2022; 13:2. [PMID: 35152912 PMCID: PMC8842800 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-021-00664-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel class of endogenous ncRNA, which widely exist in the transcriptomes of different species and tissues. Recent studies indicate important roles for circRNAs in the regulation of gene expression by acting as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs). However, the specific role of circRNAs in myogenesis is still poorly understood. In this study, we attempted to systematically identify the circRNAs involved in myogenesis and analyze the biological functions of circRNAs in chicken skeletal muscle development. Results In total, 532 circRNAs were identified as being differentially expressed between pectoralis major (PEM) and soleus (SOL) in 7-week-old Xinghua chicken. Among them, a novel circRNA (novel_circ_002621), generated by PTPN4 gene, was named circPTPN4 and identified. circPTPN4 is highly expressed in skeletal muscle, and its expression level is upregulated during myoblast differentiation. circPTPN4 facilitates the proliferation and differentiation of myoblast. Moreover, circPTPN4 suppresses mitochondria biogenesis and activates fast-twitch muscle phenotype. Mechanistically, circPTPN4 can function as a ceRNA to regulate NAMPT expression by sponging miR-499-3p, thus participating in AMPK signaling. Conclusions circPTPN4 functions as a ceRNA to regulate NAMPT expression by sponging miR-499-3p, thus promoting the proliferation and differentiation of myoblast, as well as activating fast-twitch muscle phenotype. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40104-021-00664-1.
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67
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Wang Q, Sun Y, Zhao Q, Wu W, Wang L, Miao Y, Yuan P. Circular RNAs in pulmonary hypertension: Emerging biological concepts and potential mechanism. Animal Model Exp Med 2022; 5:38-47. [PMID: 35229989 PMCID: PMC8879624 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are endogenous RNAs with a covalently closed single-stranded transcript. They are a novel class of genomic regulators that are linked to many important development and disease processes and are being pursued as clinical and therapeutic targets. Using the most powerful RNA sequencing and bioinformatics techniques, a large number of circRNAs have been identified and further functional studies have been performed. It is known that circRNAs act as potential biomarkers, sponges for microRNAs (miRNAs) and RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), and regulators of mRNA transcription. They also participate in the translation of peptides or proteins. Many types of circRNAs are dysregulated in plasma or lung tissues, and they may be involved in regulating the proliferation and apoptosis of pulmonary artery endothelial cells (PAECs) and pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), leading to pulmonary vascular remodeling in pulmonary hypertension (PH). One possible mechanism is that circRNAs can regulate the function of PAECs and PASMCs by acting as miRNA sponge. However, other potential mechanisms of action of circRNAs are still being actively explored in PH. This paper presents a systematic review of the biogenesis, biological characterization, relevant underlying functions, and future perspectives for studies of circRNAs in the pathogenesis of PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Department of Cardio‐Pulmonary CirculationShanghai Pulmonary HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institute of Bismuth ScienceUniversity of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghaiChina
| | - Yuanyuan Sun
- Department of Cardio‐Pulmonary CirculationShanghai Pulmonary HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Qinhua Zhao
- Department of Cardio‐Pulmonary CirculationShanghai Pulmonary HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Wenhui Wu
- Department of Cardio‐Pulmonary CirculationShanghai Pulmonary HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Lan Wang
- Department of Cardio‐Pulmonary CirculationShanghai Pulmonary HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yuqing Miao
- Institute of Bismuth ScienceUniversity of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghaiChina
| | - Ping Yuan
- Department of Cardio‐Pulmonary CirculationShanghai Pulmonary HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
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68
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Ju J, Song YN, Chen XZ, Wang T, Liu CY, Wang K. circRNA is a potential target for cardiovascular diseases treatment. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:417-430. [PMID: 34780000 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04286-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a novel class of endogenous noncoding RNA, are characterized by their covalently closed-loop structures without a 5' cap or a 3' poly(A) tail. With the evolution of high-throughput sequencing technology and bioinformatics, an increasing number of circRNAs have been discovered, and their functions were highlighted. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have become the world's leading killers, with serious impacts on human health. Although significant progress has been made in clarifying the development of CVDs from the molecular to the cellular level, CVDs remain one of the leading causes of death in humans. circRNAs mainly function as a "sponge" to absorb microRNAs, which results in the positive control of downstream proteins. They play important regulatory roles in the development of CVDs. This paper reviews current knowledge on the biogenesis, detection and validation, translation, translocation and degradation, and general functions of circRNAs, with a focus on their roles in CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ju
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Ya-Nan Song
- Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Xin-Zhe Chen
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Cui-Yun Liu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China.
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69
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Interplay between circular RNA, microRNA, and human diseases. Mol Genet Genomics 2022; 297:277-286. [PMID: 35084582 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-022-01856-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are endogenous RNA formed by the back splicing process. They are ubiquitous, stable, evolutionally conserved, and are tissue-specific. The biochemical and molecular features of circRNAs hold the potential to be used as biomarkers in various diseases to achieve pharmacological goals. CircRNAs have numerous latent modes of action, from acting as sponges for microRNAs and RNA binding proteins to serve as transcriptional regulators, epigenetic alterations, etc. Dysregulated functioning of several circular RNAs lead to the progression of a plethora of diseases. Due to their extremely stable nature and amazing tissue specificity, circRNAs have paved the way for advanced clinical studies as a novel method of early disease detection and treatment efficacy. Therefore, they have been recognized as a latent diagnostic biomarker for neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, osteoarthritis, and cardiovascular diseases.
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70
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Gong X, Tian M, Cao N, Yang P, Xu Z, Zheng S, Liao Q, Chen C, Zeng C, Jose PA, Wang DZ, Jian Z, Xiao Y, Jiang DS, Wei X, Zhang B, Wang Y, Chen K, Wu G, Zeng C. Circular RNA circEsyt2 regulates vascular smooth muscle cell remodeling via splicing regulation. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:147031. [PMID: 34907911 DOI: 10.1172/jci147031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been recently recognized as playing a role in the pathogenesis of vascular remodeling-related diseases by modulating the functions of miRNAs. However, the interplay between circRNAs and proteins during vascular remodeling remains poorly understood. Here, we investigated a previously identified circRNA, circEsyt2, whose expression is known to be upregulated during vascular remodeling. Loss- and gain-of‑function mutation analyses in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) revealed that circEsyt2 enhanced cell proliferation and migration and inhibited apoptosis and differentiation. Furthermore, the silencing of circEsyt2 in vivo reduced neointima formation, while circEsyt2 overexpression enhanced neointimal hyperplasia in the injured carotid artery, confirming its role in vascular remodeling. Using unbiased protein-RNA screening and molecular validation, circEsyt2 was found to directly interact with polyC-binding protein 1 (PCBP1), an RNA splicing factor, and regulate PCBP1 intracellular localization. Additionally, circEsyt2 silencing substantially enhanced p53β splicing via the PCBP1-U2AF65 interaction, leading to the altered expression of p53 target genes (cyclin D1, p21, PUMA, and NOXA) and the decreased proliferation of VSMCs. Thus, we identified a potentially novel circRNA that regulated vascular remodeling, via altered RNA splicing, in atherosclerotic mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Gong
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China
| | - Miao Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China
| | - Nian Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China
| | - Peili Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command PLA, Chengdu, China
| | - Zaicheng Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuo Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiao Liao
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China
| | - Caiyu Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China
| | - Cindy Zeng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China
| | - Pedro A Jose
- Division of Renal Disease & Hypertension, Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology/Physiology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Da-Zhi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Zhao Jian
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yingbin Xiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ding-Sheng Jiang
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiang Wei
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yibin Wang
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Departments of Anesthesiology, Physiology and Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ken Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China.,Cardiovascular Research Center of Chongqing College, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Gengze Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunyu Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China.,Cardiovascular Research Center of Chongqing College, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
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71
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Non-coding RNAs-EZH2 regulatory mechanisms in cervical cancer: The current state of knowledge. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 146:112123. [PMID: 34915417 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) is among the leading causes of death in women worldwide. Both genetic and epigenetic regulators are required for the tumorigenesis and progression of CC. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a group of RNAs that don't code for proteins yet constitute a large part of the human transcriptome, including long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNA), and other forms of non-coding RNAs. Deregulation of lncRNA, miRNA, and circRNA is implicated in the oncogenesis and development of cervical malignancies, acting as oncogenic drivers or tumor suppressors. Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) is the enzymatic subunit of Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2), which functions to methylate histone H3 lysine 27 to silence gene transcription. Converging lines of evidence have revealed the oncogenic role played by EZH2 in cancers. EZH2 is upregulated in CC tissues with a robust correlation to the advanced stage, metastasis, and poor survival rate in patients. The elucidation of the roles of EZH2 in cancer has driven the development of therapeutic EZH2 inhibitors, which are approaching phase I or phase I/II clinical trials. Here we review the ncRNA-EZH2 regulatory pathways in CC that unify EZH2 and ncRNAs as an integrated system in the development of CC. Given the emerging findings for the role of the ncRNA-EZH2 regulatory axis in CC, it will be of great interest to develop novel therapeutic strategies based on their relationship.
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72
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Zhou Y, Liu Y, Xuan S, Jin T, Chen K, Wu Z, Su W, Chen L, Zong G. CircSamd4: A novel biomarker for predicting vascular calcification. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 36:e24156. [PMID: 34845750 PMCID: PMC8761455 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vascular calcification (VC) is usually associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which are one of the main causes of mortality in the world. This study aimed to analyze the expression of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in patients with VC and to evaluate biomarkers for the diagnosis of VC. Methods Calcified human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) and the calcification in mouse aorta were detected by qRT‐PCR. Subsequently, this was verified in the plasma of patients with coronary artery calcification (CAC). The plasma of 40 patients in the control group and 31 patients in the calcified group were detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) to detect the level of circSamd4a in the blood. The diagnostic value was evaluated by logistic regression analysis and the working characteristics of subjects. Results In the HAECs, the qRT‐PCR showed a significant decrease in the level of circSamd4a expression in the calcification group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The calcified mouse aorta showed the same trend for circSamd4a expression, wherein the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05); the expression of circSamd4a was significantly downregulated in the plasma of patients with VC (p < 0.01). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of circSamd4a in patients with VC and control group showed that the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.81 (95% CI: 0.707–0.913; p < 0.001). Conclusion CircSamd4a showed a stable downward trend in different specimens, and had significant advantages as a biomarker for diagnosis of VC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Zhou
- Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yehong Liu
- The 904th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Wuxi, China
| | - Shiyi Xuan
- Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Tianhui Jin
- The 904th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Wuxi, China
| | - Ke Chen
- Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zufei Wu
- Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wentao Su
- Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Liang Chen
- The 904th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Wuxi, China
| | - Gangjun Zong
- Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, China.,The 904th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Wuxi, China
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73
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Cao MX, Xie XD, Wang XR, Hu WY, Zhao Y, Chen Q, Ji L, Wei YY, Yu ML, Hu TJ. Separation, Purification, Structure Analysis, In Vitro Antioxidant Activity and circRNA-miRNA-mRNA Regulatory Network on PRV-Infected RAW264.7 Cells of a Polysaccharide Derived from Arthrospira platensis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1689. [PMID: 34829559 PMCID: PMC8615255 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the structure of Arthrospira platensis polysaccharide (PAP) (intracellular polysaccharide) and the antioxidant activity of the first component of PAP (PAP-1) on pseudorabies virus (PRV) -infected RAW264.7 cells. The PAP was separated and purified by the Cellulose DE-52 chromatography column and Sephacryl S-200 high-resolution gel column to obtain PAP-1. The antioxidant activity and regulation of PAP-1 on PRV-infected RAW264.7 cells of circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network were investigated by chemical kit, Q-PCR, and ce-RNA seq. The results indicated that the molecular weight (Mw) of PAP-1, which was mainly composed of glucose and eight other monosaccharides, was 1.48 × 106 Da. The main glycosidic bond structure of PAP-1 was →4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→. PAP-1 may be increased the antioxidant capacity by regulating the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network in PRV-infected RAW264.7 cells. This study provided a scientific foundation for further exploring the antioxidant activity of PAP-1 based on its structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Xia Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (M.-X.C.); (X.-D.X.); (X.-R.W.); (Y.Z.); (Q.C.); (L.J.); (Y.-Y.W.); (M.-L.Y.)
| | - Xiao-Dong Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (M.-X.C.); (X.-D.X.); (X.-R.W.); (Y.Z.); (Q.C.); (L.J.); (Y.-Y.W.); (M.-L.Y.)
| | - Xin-Rui Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (M.-X.C.); (X.-D.X.); (X.-R.W.); (Y.Z.); (Q.C.); (L.J.); (Y.-Y.W.); (M.-L.Y.)
| | - Wen-Yue Hu
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China;
| | - Yi Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (M.-X.C.); (X.-D.X.); (X.-R.W.); (Y.Z.); (Q.C.); (L.J.); (Y.-Y.W.); (M.-L.Y.)
| | - Qi Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (M.-X.C.); (X.-D.X.); (X.-R.W.); (Y.Z.); (Q.C.); (L.J.); (Y.-Y.W.); (M.-L.Y.)
| | - Lu Ji
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (M.-X.C.); (X.-D.X.); (X.-R.W.); (Y.Z.); (Q.C.); (L.J.); (Y.-Y.W.); (M.-L.Y.)
| | - Ying-Yi Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (M.-X.C.); (X.-D.X.); (X.-R.W.); (Y.Z.); (Q.C.); (L.J.); (Y.-Y.W.); (M.-L.Y.)
| | - Mei-Ling Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (M.-X.C.); (X.-D.X.); (X.-R.W.); (Y.Z.); (Q.C.); (L.J.); (Y.-Y.W.); (M.-L.Y.)
| | - Ting-Jun Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (M.-X.C.); (X.-D.X.); (X.-R.W.); (Y.Z.); (Q.C.); (L.J.); (Y.-Y.W.); (M.-L.Y.)
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CircNCX1: the "Lord of the Ring" in the Heart - Insight into Its Sequence Characteristic, Expression, Molecular Mechanisms, and Clinical Application. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2021; 15:571-586. [PMID: 34642871 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-021-10176-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are covalently closed single-stranded RNAs with regulatory activity and regarded as new types of therapeutic targets in diseases such as cancers. By means of RNA-Seq technology, numerous cardiac circRNAs were discovered. Although some candidates were detected to involve in heart disease in murine model, relative low sequence conservation and expression level of their human homologs might result in an insignificant, even distinct effect in the human heart. Therefore, the therapeutic significance of circRNAs should be more strictly considered. It is also necessary to discuss which circRNA is suitable for being applied in heart disease treatment. Here, we are willing to introduce a ~ 1830 nt circular transcript generated from single exon of sodium/calcium exchanger 1 (ncx1) gene (also called solute carrier family 8 member A1, slc8a1), usually named circNCX1 or circSLC8A1, which is gradually coming into our view. circNCX1 is one of the most cardiac-enriched circRNAs. It is widely existent in vertebrate and relatively conserved, indicating its indispensability during the evolution of species. Indeed, circNCX1 was shown to involve in heart development by some expression analysis. It was further revealed that the dysregulation of circNCX1 is one of the key pathogeneses of heart diseases including ischemic cardiac injury and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. To make the significance of circNCX1 in the heart clear, we comprehensively dissected circNCX1 in the aspects of its parental gene structure, conservation, biogenesis and expression profiles, function, molecular mechanisms, and clinical application in this review. New medicine or therapeutic schedules based on circNCX1 are expected in the future.
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75
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Xu J, Pan HW, Wang XQ, Chen KP. Status of diagnosis and treatment of esophageal cancer and non-coding RNA correlation research: a narrative review. Transl Cancer Res 2021; 10:4532-4552. [PMID: 35116309 PMCID: PMC8798506 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-21-687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe and discuss the progression of the non-coding RNA as biomarkers in early esophageal cancer. BACKGROUND Esophageal cancer without obvious symptoms during early stages is one of the most common cancers, the current clinical treatments offer possibilities of a cure, but the survival rates and the prognoses remain poor, it is a serious threat to human life and health. Most patients are usually diagnosed during terminal stages due to low sensitivity of esophageal cancer's early detection techniques. With the development of molecular biology, an increasing number of non-coding RNAs are found to be associated with the occurrence, development, and prognosis of esophageal cancer. Some of these have begun to be used in clinics and laboratories for diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis, with the goal of reducing mortality. METHODS The information for this paper was collected from a variety of sources, including a search of the keynote's references, a search for texts in college libraries, and discussions with experts in the field of esophageal cancer clinical treatment. CONCLUSIONS Non-coding RNA does play a regulatory role in the development of esophageal cancer, which can predict the occurrence or prognosis of tumors, and become a new class of tumor markers and therapeutic targets in clinical applications. In this review, we survey the recent developments in the incidence, diagnosis, and treatment of esophageal cancer, especially with new research progresses on non-coding RNA biomarkers in detail, and discuss its potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Hui-Wen Pan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xue-Qi Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ke-Ping Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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76
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Peng Q, Wang J. Non-coding RNAs in melanoma: Biological functions and potential clinical applications. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2021; 22:219-231. [PMID: 34514101 PMCID: PMC8424110 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2021.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Malignant melanoma (MM) is a malignant tumor that originates from melanocytes and has a high mortality rate. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment are very important for survival. So far, the exact molecular mechanism leading to the occurrence of melanoma, especially the molecular metastatic mechanism, remains largely unknown. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNA (circRNAs), have been investigated and found to play vital roles in regulating tumor occurrence and development, including melanoma. In this review, we summarize the progress of recent research on the effects of ncRNAs on melanoma and attempt to elucidate the role of ncRNAs as molecular markers or potential targets that will provide promising application perspectives on melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu Peng
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Immunology, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi 046000 China
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77
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Gruhl F, Janich P, Kaessmann H, Gatfield D. Circular RNA repertoires are associated with evolutionarily young transposable elements. eLife 2021; 10:67991. [PMID: 34542406 PMCID: PMC8516420 DOI: 10.7554/elife.67991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are found across eukaryotes and can function in post-transcriptional gene regulation. Their biogenesis through a circle-forming backsplicing reaction is facilitated by reverse-complementary repetitive sequences promoting pre-mRNA folding. Orthologous genes from which circRNAs arise, overall contain more strongly conserved splice sites and exons than other genes, yet it remains unclear to what extent this conservation reflects purifying selection acting on the circRNAs themselves. Our analyses of circRNA repertoires from five species representing three mammalian lineages (marsupials, eutherians: rodents, primates) reveal that surprisingly few circRNAs arise from orthologous exonic loci across all species. Even the circRNAs from orthologous loci are associated with young, recently active and species-specific transposable elements, rather than with common, ancient transposon integration events. These observations suggest that many circRNAs emerged convergently during evolution - as a byproduct of splicing in orthologs prone to transposon insertion. Overall, our findings argue against widespread functional circRNA conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Gruhl
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Peggy Janich
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Krebsforschung Schweiz, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Henrik Kaessmann
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David Gatfield
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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78
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Jiang L, Wang X, Zhan X, Kang S, Liu H, Luo Y, Lin L. Advance in circular RNA modulation effects of heart failure. Gene 2021; 763S:100036. [PMID: 32793879 PMCID: PMC7412861 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.100036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
CircRNA (circular RNA) is a kind of closed circular structure of noncoding RNA molecules without 5′ hat structure and 3′ polyA, mainly located in the cytoplasm or stored in exosomes. It is not affected by RNA exonuclease, so it's stable and hard to be degraded. Proved to be widespread in a variety of eukaryotes, most circRNAs are cyclized by exons, some are lasso structures formed by intron cyclization. Recently, circRNAs have been demonstrated to play crucial roles in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, fibrosis, autophagy and apoptosis, participating in the development of heart failure. There is increasing evidence that circRNAs may be a novel target for the treatment of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Jiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Institute of Biomedical Science, Fudan University, 180 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaopeng Zhan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Sheng Kang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Haibo Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 1158 Park East Road, Shanghai 201700, China
| | - Yu Luo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
- Corresponding authors at: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai 200120, China.
| | - Li Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
- Corresponding authors at: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai 200120, China.
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79
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Bär C, Chatterjee S, Falcão Pires I, Rodrigues P, Sluijter JPG, Boon RA, Nevado RM, Andrés V, Sansonetti M, de Windt L, Ciccarelli M, Hamdani N, Heymans S, Figuinha Videira R, Tocchetti CG, Giacca M, Zacchigna S, Engelhardt S, Dimmeler S, Madonna R, Thum T. Non-coding RNAs: update on mechanisms and therapeutic targets from the ESC Working Groups of Myocardial Function and Cellular Biology of the Heart. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 116:1805-1819. [PMID: 32638021 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vast parts of mammalian genomes are actively transcribed, predominantly giving rise to non-coding RNA (ncRNA) transcripts including microRNAs, long ncRNAs, and circular RNAs among others. Contrary to previous opinions that most of these RNAs are non-functional molecules, they are now recognized as critical regulators of many physiological and pathological processes including those of the cardiovascular system. The discovery of functional ncRNAs has opened up new research avenues aiming at understanding ncRNA-related disease mechanisms as well as exploiting them as novel therapeutics in cardiovascular therapy. In this review, we give an update on the current progress in ncRNA research, particularly focusing on cardiovascular physiological and disease processes, which are under current investigation at the ESC Working Groups of Myocardial Function and Cellular Biology of the Heart. This includes a range of topics such as extracellular vesicle-mediated communication, neurohormonal regulation, inflammation, cardiac remodelling, cardio-oncology as well as cardiac development and regeneration, collectively highlighting the wide-spread involvement and importance of ncRNAs in the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Bär
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Shambhabi Chatterjee
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Inês Falcão Pires
- Cardiovascular Research and Development Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Rodrigues
- Cardiovascular Research and Development Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joost P G Sluijter
- Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, UMC Utrecht Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Reinier A Boon
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Partner site Rhein/Main, German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Rosa M Nevado
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
| | - Vicente Andrés
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
| | - Marida Sansonetti
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Leon de Windt
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Michele Ciccarelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Italy
| | - Nazha Hamdani
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Stephane Heymans
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, University Hospital Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Center for Heart Failure Research, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University Hospital Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Raquel Figuinha Videira
- Cardiovascular Research and Development Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Carlo G Tocchetti
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Interdepartmental Center of Clinical and Translational Research (CIRCET), Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Mauro Giacca
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy.,School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.,Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Italy
| | - Serena Zacchigna
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy.,Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Italy
| | - Stefan Engelhardt
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Technische Universität München, Biedersteiner Str. 29, Munich 80802, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Biedersteiner Str. 29, Munich 80802, Germany
| | - Stefanie Dimmeler
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Frankfurt, Germany.,Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Rosalinda Madonna
- Institute of Cardiology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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80
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Sun X, Deng K, Zang Y, Zhang Z, Zhao B, Fan J, Huang L. Exploring the regulatory roles of circular RNAs in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Vascul Pharmacol 2021; 141:106898. [PMID: 34302990 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2021.106898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of noncoding RNAs with a covalently closed loop structure. Recent evidence has shown that circRNAs can regulate gene transcription, alternative splicing, microRNA (miRNA) "molecular sponges", RNA-binding proteins and protein translation. Atherosclerosis is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and more studies have indicated that circRNAs are related to atherosclerosis pathogenesis, including vascular endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, inflammation and lipid metabolism. In this review, we systematically summarize the biogenesis, characteristics and functions of circRNAs with a focus on their roles in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyuan Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaiyuan Deng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunhui Zang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, People's Republic of China
| | - Boxin Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyao Fan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, People's Republic of China.
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81
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Function of Circular RNAs in Fish and Their Potential Application as Biomarkers. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22137119. [PMID: 34281172 PMCID: PMC8268770 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are an emerging class of regulatory RNAs with a covalently closed-loop structure formed during pre-mRNA splicing. Recent advances in high-throughput RNA sequencing and circRNA-specific computational tools have driven the development of novel approaches to their identification and functional characterization. CircRNAs are stable, developmentally regulated, and show tissue- and cell-type-specific expression across different taxonomic groups. They play a crucial role in regulating various biological processes at post-transcriptional and translational levels. However, the involvement of circRNAs in fish immunity has only recently been recognized. There is also broad evidence in mammals that the timely expression of circRNAs in muscle plays an essential role in growth regulation but our understanding of their expression and function in teleosts is still very limited. Here, we discuss the available knowledge about circRNAs and their role in growth and immunity in vertebrates from a comparative perspective, with emphasis on cultured teleost fish. We expect that the interest in teleost circRNAs will increase substantially soon, and we propose that they may be used as biomarkers for selective breeding of farmed fish, thus contributing to the sustainability of the aquaculture sector.
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82
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Yang T, Long T, Du T, Chen Y, Dong Y, Huang ZP. Circle the Cardiac Remodeling With circRNAs. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:702586. [PMID: 34250050 PMCID: PMC8267062 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.702586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac remodeling occurs after the heart is exposed to stress, which is manifested by pathological processes such as cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and apoptosis, dendritic cells activation and cytokine secretion, proliferation and activation of fibroblasts, and finally leads to heart failure. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are recently recognized as a specific type of non-coding RNAs that are expressed in different species, in different stages of development, and in different pathological conditions. Growing evidences have implicated that circRNAs play important regulatory roles in the pathogenesis of a variety of cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we summarize the biological origin, characteristics, functional classification of circRNAs and their regulatory functions in cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, immune cells, and exosomes in the pathogenesis of cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiqun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Translational Medicine, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianxin Long
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Translational Medicine, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tailai Du
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Translational Medicine, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yili Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Translational Medicine, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yugang Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Translational Medicine, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhan-Peng Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Translational Medicine, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
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83
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Chen Q, Zhang Z, Chen S, Chen J, Cheng Y, Liu A, Li B, Chen Z, Zheng Y, Ga M, Du L, Wang F. Genome-Wide Differential Expression Profiling of Pulmonary circRNAs Associated With Immune Reaction to Pasteurella multocida in Goats. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:615405. [PMID: 34235193 PMCID: PMC8256745 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.615405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Pasteurella multocida is a highly versatile pathogen that infects a wide range of animals, including goats, causing pneumonia and hemorrhagic septicemia. Circular RNA (circRNA) is a type of non-coding RNA that plays an important role in regulating cellular metabolism. However, whether and how circRNA is involved in regulating immune responses in the goat lung has not been reported. Thus, this study was designed to examine the function of circRNA in goats infected with Pasteurella multocida. Goats were assigned into one of two groups: an uninfected control group (CK) and an infected group challenged with P. multocida. Compared with the CK group, which remained healthy, the infected goats showed clinical signs of infection, including depression, cough, nasal discharge, and dyspnea, along with elevated body temperature and lesions in the lung. Whole-transcriptome sequencing and small RNA sequencing were then performed using lung samples from goats from each group. A total of 138 circRNA, 56 microRNAs (miRNA), and 2,673 messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules were significantly differentially expressed in the P. multocida-infected group compared with the CK group. Randomly selected differentially expressed circRNA, miRNA, and mRNA molecules (n = 5 per group) were then validated by quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analysis. Gene ontology (GO) analysis of the source genes indicated that six immune-related terms were enriched among the differentially expressed cirRNA molecules, including inflammatory response, immune effector process, cell activation involved in immune response, cytokine-mediated signaling pathway, response to endogenous stimulus, and immune response. The corresponding circRNA molecules were then selected for construction of a competitive endogenous RNA network to identify networks that may be involved in the immune response to P. multocida infection. The results indicated that P. multocida HN01 may cause pneumonia and stimulate an immune response in goats via regulation of circRNA expression. This study presents the first comprehensive circRNA profile in response to P. multocida infection in goats, thus, providing a basis for understanding the function of circRNA in the host immune response to P. multocida infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoling Chen
- Hainan Key Lab of Tropical Animal Reproduction & Breeding and Epidemic Disease Research, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Zhenxing Zhang
- Hainan Key Lab of Tropical Animal Reproduction & Breeding and Epidemic Disease Research, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Si Chen
- Hainan Key Lab of Tropical Animal Reproduction & Breeding and Epidemic Disease Research, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Hainan Key Lab of Tropical Animal Reproduction & Breeding and Epidemic Disease Research, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Yiwen Cheng
- Hainan Key Lab of Tropical Animal Reproduction & Breeding and Epidemic Disease Research, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Ang Liu
- Hainan Key Lab of Tropical Animal Reproduction & Breeding and Epidemic Disease Research, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Bin Li
- Hainan Key Lab of Tropical Animal Reproduction & Breeding and Epidemic Disease Research, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Hainan Key Lab of Tropical Animal Reproduction & Breeding and Epidemic Disease Research, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Yiying Zheng
- Hainan Key Lab of Tropical Animal Reproduction & Breeding and Epidemic Disease Research, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Manchuriga Ga
- Hainan Key Lab of Tropical Animal Reproduction & Breeding and Epidemic Disease Research, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Li Du
- Hainan Key Lab of Tropical Animal Reproduction & Breeding and Epidemic Disease Research, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Fengyang Wang
- Hainan Key Lab of Tropical Animal Reproduction & Breeding and Epidemic Disease Research, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, China
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Abstract
Background Recent studies have reported circular RNA (circRNA) expression profiles in various tissue types; however, circRNA expression profile in human epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) remains undefined. This work aimed to compare circRNA expression patterns in EAT between the heart failure (HF) and non-HF groups. Methods RNA-sequencing was carried out to compare circRNA expression patterns in EAT specimens from coronary artery disease cases between the HF and non-HF groups. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed for validation. Comparisons of patient characteristics between the two groups were using t test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Chi-squared test. Results A total of 141 circRNAs substantially different between the HF and non-HF groups (P < 0.05; fold change >2) were detected, including 56 up-regulated and 85 down-regulated. Among them, hsa_circ_0005565 stood out, for it had the highest fold change and was significantly increased in HF patients in quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction validation. The top highly expressed EAT circRNAs corresponded to genes involved in cell proliferation and inflammatory response, including GSE1, RHOBTB3, HIPK3, UBXN7, PCMTD1, N4BP2L2, CFLAR, EPB41L2, FCHO2, FNDC3B, and SPECC1. The top enriched Gene Ontology term and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway were positive regulation of metabolic processes and insulin resistance, respectively. Conclusion These data indicate EAT circRNAs may contribute to the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders causing HF.
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85
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Verduci L, Tarcitano E, Strano S, Yarden Y, Blandino G. CircRNAs: role in human diseases and potential use as biomarkers. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:468. [PMID: 33976116 PMCID: PMC8113373 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03743-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of endogenous RNAs characterized by a covalent loop structure. In comparison to other types of RNAs, the abundance of circRNAs is relatively low but due to the circular configuration, their stability is very high. In addition, circRNAs display high degree of tissue specificity. The sponging activity of circRNAs toward microRNAs is the best-described mode of action of circRNAs. However, the ability of circRNAs to bind with specific proteins, as well as to encode short proteins, propose alternative functions. This review introduces the biogenesis of circRNAs and summarizes the roles played by circRNAs in human diseases. These include examples of their functional roles in several organ-specific cancers, such as head and neck and breast and lung cancers. In addition, we review potential functions of circRNAs in diabetes, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases. Recently, a growing number of studies have demonstrated involvement of circRNAs in a wide spectrum of signaling molecular pathways, but at the same time many different and controversial views on circRNAs role and function are emerging. We conclude by offering cellular homeostasis generated by networks comprising circular RNAs, other non-coding RNAs and RNA-binding proteins. Accordingly, it is predictable that circRNAs, due to their highly stable nature and remarkable tissue specificity, will emerge as reliable biomarkers of disease course and treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Verduci
- Unit of Oncogenomic and Epigenetic, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, IRCCS, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Emilio Tarcitano
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sabrina Strano
- SAFU Unit, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, IRCCS, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Yosef Yarden
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Unit of Oncogenomic and Epigenetic, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, IRCCS, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.
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86
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Xu F, Shen L, Chen H, Wang R, Zang T, Qian J, Ge J. circDENND1B Participates in the Antiatherosclerotic Effect of IL-1β Monoclonal Antibody in Mouse by Promoting Cholesterol Efflux via miR-17-5p/Abca1 Axis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:652032. [PMID: 33996813 PMCID: PMC8116881 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.652032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a crucial mediator of atherosclerosis, and several therapeutic methods that focus on inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), have proven effective in preventing atherogenesis. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a subclass of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that can exert critical functions in the regulation of atherosclerosis. Here, using circRNA sequencing, we revealed that circRNA circDENND1B (mmu_circ_0000081) is a promising novel mediator of atherosclerosis in mouse. The expression of circDENND1B is negatively related to the progression of atherosclerosis and foam cell formation, and the upregulation of circDENND1B significantly alleviates foam cell formation induced by ox-LDL by promoting cholesterol efflux. Moreover, circDENND1B participates in the anti-atherosclerotic effect of IL-1β monoclonal antibody (IL-1β mAb), both in vivo and in vitro. With bioinformatic prediction and RNA pull-down assays, we determined that circDENND1B sponges mmu-miR-17-5p to promote Abca1 expression in cells treated with IL-1β mAb. Our study revealed that circDENND1B, a novel regulator of cholesterol efflux, is a potential therapeutic target in atherosclerosis and provides new insights into the interaction between inflammation and cholesterol transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Research Unit of Cardiovascular Techniques and Devices, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Research Unit of Cardiovascular Techniques and Devices, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Research Unit of Cardiovascular Techniques and Devices, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Research Unit of Cardiovascular Techniques and Devices, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tongtong Zang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Research Unit of Cardiovascular Techniques and Devices, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Juying Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Research Unit of Cardiovascular Techniques and Devices, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Research Unit of Cardiovascular Techniques and Devices, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China
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87
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Liu N, Lu W, Qu X, Zhu C. LLLI promotes BMSC proliferation through circRNA_0001052/miR-124-3p. Lasers Med Sci 2021; 37:849-856. [PMID: 33884524 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-021-03322-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is a multifactorial bone disease that occurs worldwide. The treatment of OP is still unsatisfactory. Bone mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) differentiation is a key process in OP pathogenesis. Low-level laser irradiation (LLLI) has been reported to regulate BMSC proliferation, but the role of circRNAs in the LLLI-based promotion of BMSC proliferation remains unclear. CircRNAs are essential molecular regulators that participate in numerous biological processes and have therapeutic potential. miR-124-3p is an essential microRNA (miRNA), and its expression changes are related to BMSC proliferation ability. In the present study, gain-loss function of experiments demonstrated that circRNA_0001052 could regulate the proliferation of BMSCs by acting as a miR-124-3p sponge through the Wnt4/β-catenin pathway. The results of this study strongly suggest that circRNA_0001052 plays an essential role in BMSC proliferation in response to LLLI treatment, which is a potential therapeutic manipulation with clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650032, China.,The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650032, China.,Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Weiwei Lu
- Medical school, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Xiaowen Qu
- Laser Medical Center, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, No. 157 JinBi Road, Kunming, China.,The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Chongtao Zhu
- Laser Medical Center, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, No. 157 JinBi Road, Kunming, China. .,The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650032, China.
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88
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Zheng H, Shi L, Tong C, Liu Y, Hou M. circSnx12 Is Involved in Ferroptosis During Heart Failure by Targeting miR-224-5p. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:656093. [PMID: 33969020 PMCID: PMC8097164 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.656093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA) is a subclass of non-coding RNAs that enables the circular transcripts resistant to the exonuclease digestion. Iron homeostasis is essential for the body to maintain normal physiological functions. At present, the relationship among circRNA, iron metabolism and heart failure remains largely unknown. This study aimed to explore the regulatory mechanism of circRNA and iron metabolism in heart failure. We obtained circRNA, miRNA and mRNA data from public databases and built a ceRNA network. The prediction results were verified in the myocardial tissues of pressure overload-induced heart failure mice through the use of histopathological staining methods, iron and malondialdehyde (MDA) measurement tests, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blot analysis and luciferase reporter assay. A total of 4 genes related to iron metabolism and oxidative stress were identified, and a ceRNA network involving 7 circRNAs, 7 miRNAs, and 4 mRNAs was constructed using bioinformatics tools. The results of qRT-PCR and Western blot analyses indicated that the expression level of FTH1 was similar with that predicted by bioinformatics analysis. Echocardiographic measurement showed that heart failure mice have lower fractional shortening and ejection fraction. Moreover, the myocardium of heart failure mice displayed obvious fibrosis as well as increased levels of iron and MDA compared to control mice. Besides, circSnx12 could act as an endogenous sponge to bind with miR-224-5p, and the 3'UTR region of FTH1 also had miRNA binding sites. A circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network was successfully constructed by identifying differentially expressed genes related to iron metabolism. This new approach reveals potential circRNA targets for the treatment of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyuan Zheng
- Laboratory of Rescue Center of Severe Wound and Trauma Chinese People's Liberation Army, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lin Shi
- Laboratory of Rescue Center of Severe Wound and Trauma Chinese People's Liberation Army, Emergency Medicine Department of General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Changci Tong
- Laboratory of Rescue Center of Severe Wound and Trauma Chinese People's Liberation Army, Emergency Medicine Department of General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Yunen Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenyang Medical College, The Veterans General Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.,Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - Mingxiao Hou
- Laboratory of Rescue Center of Severe Wound and Trauma Chinese People's Liberation Army, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenyang Medical College, The Veterans General Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.,Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
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89
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Tang L, Li P, Jang M, Zhu W. Circular RNAs and Cardiovascular Regeneration. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:672600. [PMID: 33928139 PMCID: PMC8076501 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.672600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a type of non-coding RNAs that are widely present in eukaryotic cells. They have the characteristics of stable structure, high abundance, and cell or tissue specific expression. circRNAs are single-stranded RNAs that are covalently back spliced to form closed circular loops. They may participate in gene expression and regulation through a variety of action modes. circRNAs can encode proteins or function by acting as miRNA sponges for protein translation. Since 2016, a growing number of research studies have shown that circRNAs play important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. With the construction of circRNA database, the differential expression of circRNAs in the heart tissue samples from different species and the gradual elucidation of its mode of action in disease may become an ideal diagnosis biomarker and an effective therapeutic target. What can be expected surely has a broader application prospect. In this review, we summarize recent publications on circRNA biogenesis, expression profiles, functions, and the most recent studies of circRNAs in the field of cardiovascular diseases with special emphasis on cardiac regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Center of Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Pengsheng Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Center of Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Michelle Jang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Center of Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Wuqiang Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Center of Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
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90
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Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have recently been identified as a new class of long noncoding RNAs with gene regulatory roles. These covalently closed transcripts are generated when the pre-mRNA splicing machinery back splices to join a downstream 5' splice site to an upstream 3' splice site. CircRNAs are naturally resistant to degradation by exonucleases and have long half-lives compared with their linear counterpart that potentially could serve as biomarkers for disease. Recent evidence highlights that circRNAs may play an essential role in cardiovascular injury and repair. However, our knowledge of circRNA is still in its infancy with limited direct evidence to suggest that circRNA may play critical roles in the mechanism and treatment of cardiac dysfunction. In this review, we focus on our current understanding of circRNA in the cardiovascular system.
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91
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Li Q, Li Z, Fan Z, Yang Y, Lu C. Involvement of non‑coding RNAs in the pathogenesis of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (Review). Int J Mol Med 2021; 47:42. [PMID: 33576444 PMCID: PMC7895537 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI) may cause myocardial stunning, reperfusion arrhythmia, no‑reflow phenomenon and lethal reperfusion injury, which has a significant effect on the prognosis of patients undergoing thrombolytic agent therapy and percutaneous coronary intervention. Increasing evidence suggests that apoptosis, innate inflammation, oxidative stress, calcium overload and autophagy are involved in the pathogenesis of MIRI. Recent advancements in RNA sequencing technologies and genome‑wide analyses led to the finding of small non‑coding RNAs (ncRNAs). ncRNAs modulate cellular processes such as signal transduction, transcription, chromatin remodeling and post‑transcriptional modification. The effects of ncRNAs on cellular biology is more considerable than initially expected, and thus ncRNAs have gained increasing attention and focus in modern medical research. There are several types of ncRNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), which have been shown to regulate gene expression at the transcription, post‑transcription and epigenetic levels. Dysregulation of ncRNAs, including miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs, may participate in the molecular mechanisms of MIRI. The present review summarizes the characteristics and biological roles of miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs, with particular emphasis on their role in MIRI, which show the novel complexity of ischemic hearts and may offer valuable insights into the pathogenesis of MIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin 300192
| | - Zhuqing Li
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin 300192
| | - Zhixing Fan
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443000
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgeng Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
| | - Chengzhi Lu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin 300192
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92
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Liu C, Li N, Dai G, Cavdar O, Fang H. A narrative review of circular RNAs as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cardiovascular diseases. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:578. [PMID: 33987276 PMCID: PMC8105802 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-7929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a novel class of non-coding RNA, are produced by back-splicing and were initially considered to be by-products of splicing. In recent years, computational technology and experimental evidence have revealed the tremendous amounts and potential physiological or pathological functions of this novel non-coding RNA species. At present, the roles of circRNAs in neurological diseases, immune diseases, and cancers have come to light. In addition, increasing studies have identified the expression profiles of circRNA in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and revealed the involvement of circRNAs in the pathogenesis of CVDs which are the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, and result in substantial health and financial burden. Despite current improvements in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, survival and prognosis of CVDs patients remain relatively poor. Due to the involvements of circRNAs in CVDs and their outstanding characteristics of high stability, conservation, and tissue- or developmental-specificity, circRNA-based biomarkers or gene therapy may be effective approaches to reduce CVDs burden. In the review, we systematically summarized the formation mechanisms, functional models, and research approaches of circRNAs, and several circRNAs involved in CVDs. Finally, we proposed that developing circRNAs as biomarkers or circRNA-based therapeutic strategies based on biological or physical materials may be promising to diagnose or treat CVDs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Liu
- Department of Geriatrics Center, Jing’an District Central Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Geriatrics Center, Jing’an District Central Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guifeng Dai
- Department of Geriatrics Center, Jing’an District Central Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Omer Cavdar
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Fang
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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93
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Ward Z, Pearson J, Schmeier S, Cameron V, Pilbrow A. Insights into circular RNAs: their biogenesis, detection, and emerging role in cardiovascular disease. RNA Biol 2021; 18:2055-2072. [PMID: 33779499 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2021.1891393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are an evolutionarily conserved form of noncoding RNA with covalently closed loop structures. Initial studies established a functional role for circRNAs as potent microRNA sponges and many other studies have focussed solely on this. However, the biological functions of most circRNAs are still undetermined and other functional roles are gaining traction. These include protein sponges and regulators, and coding for proteins with an alternative mechanism of translation, potentially opening up a whole new transcriptome. The first step to gaining insight into circRNA function is accurate identification and various software platforms have been developed. Specialized detection software has now evolved into whole bioinformatics pipelines that can be used for detection, de novo identification, functional prediction, and validation of circRNAs. However, few cardiovascular circRNA studies have utilized these tools. This review summarizes current knowledge of circRNA biogenesis, bioinformatic detection tools and the emerging role of circRNAs in cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe Ward
- Christchurch Heart Institute, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - John Pearson
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Unit, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Sebastian Schmeier
- Institute of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Vicky Cameron
- Christchurch Heart Institute, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Anna Pilbrow
- Christchurch Heart Institute, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
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94
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Did Cyclic Metaphosphates Have a Role in the Origin of Life? ORIGINS LIFE EVOL B 2021; 51:1-60. [PMID: 33721178 DOI: 10.1007/s11084-021-09604-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
How life began still eludes science life, the initial progenote in the context presented herein, being a chemical aggregate of primordial inorganic and organic molecules capable of self-replication and evolution into ever increasingly complex forms and functions.Presented is a hypothesis that a mineral scaffold generated by geological processes and containing polymerized phosphate units was present in primordial seas that provided the initiating factor responsible for the sequestration and organization of primordial life's constituents. Unlike previous hypotheses proposing phosphates as the essential initiating factor, the key phosphate described here is not a polynucleotide or just any condensed phosphate but a large (in the range of at least 1 kilo-phosphate subunits), water soluble, cyclic metaphosphate, which is a closed loop chain of polymerized inorganic phosphate residues containing only phosphate middle groups. The chain forms an intrinsic 4-phosphate helix analogous to its structure in Na Kurrol's salt, and as with DNA, very large metaphosphates may fold into hairpin structures. Using a Holliday-junction-like scrambling mechanism, also analogous to DNA, rings may be manipulated (increased, decreased, exchanged) easily with little to no need for additional energy, the reaction being essentially an isomerization.A literature review is presented describing findings that support the above hypothesis. Reviewed is condensed phosphate inorganic chemistry including its geological origins, biological occurrence, enzymes and their genetics through eukaryotes, polyphosphate functions, circular polynucleotides and the role of the Holliday junction, previous biogenesis hypotheses, and an Eoarchean Era timeline.
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95
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Lin Z, Zhao Y, Dai F, Su E, Li F, Yan Y. Analysis of changes in circular RNA expression and construction of ceRNA networks in human dilated cardiomyopathy. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:2572-2583. [PMID: 33484110 PMCID: PMC7933965 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a severe life-threatening disease worldwide, and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been reported to play important roles in various cardiovascular diseases and can function as competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs). However, their role in human DCM has not been fully elucidated. In the present study, heart samples from DCM patients and healthy controls were used to identify circRNAs by RNA sequencing. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was conducted to validate differentially expressed circRNAs and mRNAs. A total of 9585 circRNAs and 22050 mRNAs were detected in the two groups. Overall, 213 circRNAs and 617 mRNAs were significantly up-regulated in the DCM group compared with the control group. Similarly, 85 circRNAs and 1125 mRNAs were significantly down-regulated. According to the ceRNA theory, circRNAs can indirectly interact with mRNAs by directly binding to microRNAs (miRNAs), and circRNAs and mRNAs should be concurrently either up-regulated or down-regulated. Based on this theory, we constructed two circRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks by using the RNA sequencing data and prediction by proprietary software. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were performed to probe the potential functions of differentially expressed circRNAs. In conclusion, this study revealed that the expression of cardiac circRNAs was altered in human DCM and explored the potential functions of circRNAs by constructing ceRNA networks. These findings provide a foundation for future studies of circRNAs in DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhao Lin
- Department of CardiologyZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular DiseaseShanghaiChina
| | - Yongchao Zhao
- Department of CardiologyZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular DiseaseShanghaiChina
| | - Fangjie Dai
- Department of CardiologyZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular DiseaseShanghaiChina
| | - Enyong Su
- Department of CardiologyZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular DiseaseShanghaiChina
| | - Fuhai Li
- Department of CardiologyZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular DiseaseShanghaiChina
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of CardiologyZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular DiseaseShanghaiChina
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96
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Circular RNAs in Sudden Cardiac Death Related Diseases: Novel Biomarker for Clinical and Forensic Diagnosis. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26041155. [PMID: 33670057 PMCID: PMC7926443 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26041155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevention and diagnosis of sudden cardiac death (SCD) are among the most important keystones and challenges in clinical and forensic practice. However, the diagnostic value of the current biomarkers remains unresolved issues. Therefore, novel diagnostic biomarkers are urgently required to identify patients with early-stage cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and to assist in the postmortem diagnosis of SCD cases without typical cardiac damage. An increasing number of studies show that circular RNAs (circRNAs) have stable expressions in myocardial tissue, and their time- and tissue-specific expression levels might reflect the pathophysiological status of the heart, which makes them potential CVD biomarkers. In this article, we briefly introduced the biogenesis and functional characteristics of circRNAs. Moreover, we described the roles of circRNAs in multiple SCD-related diseases, including coronary artery disease (CAD), myocardial ischemia or infarction, arrhythmia, cardiomyopathy, and myocarditis, and discussed the application prospects and challenges of circRNAs as a novel biomarker in the clinical and forensic diagnosis of SCD.
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97
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Dai X, Cheng Y, Wang C, Huang J, Chao J. Role of circular RNAs in visceral organ fibrosis. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 150:112074. [PMID: 33610620 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel class of noncoding RNAs produced during pre-mRNA splicing and are emerging as new members of the gene regulatory network. Unlike linear RNAs, circRNAs have a unique structure with a covalently closed loop formed from the ligation of exons, introns, or both. CircRNAs are widely expressed in various organisms in a species-, tissue-, developmental stage- and disease-specific manner; circRNAs have been demonstrated to play a vital role in the pathogenesis and progression of human diseases. Fibrosis is characterized by an abnormal excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) in the extracellular space and plays important roles in many different pathologies of various organs. CircRNAs function as master regulators of gene expression to "sponge" or sequester other genes and target gene expression, transcription, splicing, etc. Increasing evidence has revealed that circRNAs are tightly associated with fibrotic diseases in various organs, including the lungs, liver, heart and kidneys. Herein, we provide the current understanding of the molecular characteristics of circRNAs and summarize the findings from circRNA studies in which the functions and mechanisms of action of circRNAs in organ fibrosis were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoniu Dai
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China; School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shanxi, 712082, China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Yusi Cheng
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Cuifen Wang
- Tissue Sciences Facility, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985815 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE6B19B-5815, USA
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Jie Chao
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China; School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shanxi, 712082, China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China.
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98
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Circular RNA circ_0010729 Knockdown Attenuates Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation-Induced Human Cardiac Myocytes Injury by miR-338-3p/CALM2 Axis. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 77:594-602. [PMID: 33951696 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Circular RNAs have pivotal roles in cardiovascular disease. The injury of cardiac myocytes is associated with occurrence of cardiovascular disease. Circular RNA hsa_circ_0010729 (circ_0010729) is associated with cardiac myocytes injury. However, the mechanism of circ_0010729 in cardiac myocytes injury remains largely unclear. In our study, cardiac myocytes were treated by oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). The abundances of circ_0010729, microRNA-338-3p (miR-338-3p), and calmodulin 2 (CALM2) were detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction or Western blot. OGD-induced damage in AC16 cells was assessed by cell viability, apoptosis, and autophagy using Cell Counting Kit-8, flow cytometry, and Western blot analyses. The target relationship of miR-338-3p and circ_0010729 or CALM2 was explored by starBase and dual-luciferase reporter analysis. Our results showed that the circ_0010729 level was enhanced in OGD-treated AC16 cells and murine primary cardiac myocytes. circ_0010729 silence weakened OGD-induced viability inhibition and promotion of apoptosis and autophagy in AC16 cells and murine primary cardiac myocytes. miR-338-3p was sponged by circ_0010729 and miR-338-3p knockdown alleviated the effect of circ_0010729 silence on OGD-induced damage. miR-338-3p directly targeted CALM2 to inhibit OGD-induced damage in AC16 cells. circ_0010729 could regulate CALM2 expression by sponging miR-338-3p. Collectively, circ_0010729 interference mitigated OGD-induced damage in cardiac myocytes through increasing cell viability and inhibiting apoptosis and autophagy by regulating miR-338-3p/CALM2 axis. This study indicated circ_0010729 might act as a target for treatment of cardiovascular disease.
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99
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Tijsen AJ, Cócera Ortega L, Reckman YJ, Zhang X, van der Made I, Aufiero S, Li J, Kamps SC, van den Bout A, Devalla HD, van Spaendonck-Zwarts KY, Engelhardt S, Gepstein L, Ware JS, Pinto YM. Titin Circular RNAs Create a Back-Splice Motif Essential for SRSF10 Splicing. Circulation 2021; 143:1502-1512. [PMID: 33583186 PMCID: PMC8032209 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.120.050455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Background: TTN (Titin), the largest protein in humans, forms the molecular spring that spans half of the sarcomere to provide passive elasticity to the cardiomyocyte. Mutations that disrupt the TTN transcript are the most frequent cause of hereditary heart failure. We showed before that TTN produces a class of circular RNAs (circRNAs) that depend on RBM20 to be formed. In this study, we show that the back-splice junction formed by this class of circRNAs creates a unique motif that binds SRSF10 to enable it to regulate splicing. Furthermore, we show that one of these circRNAs (cTTN1) distorts both localization of and splicing by RBM20. Methods: We calculated genetic constraint of the identified motif in 125 748 exomes collected from the gnomAD database. Furthermore, we focused on the highest expressed RBM20-dependent circRNA in the human heart, which we named cTTN1. We used shRNAs directed to the back-splice junction to induce selective loss of cTTN1 in human induced pluripotent stem cell–derived cardiomyocytes. Results: Human genetics suggests reduced genetic tolerance of the generated motif, indicating that mutations in this motif might lead to disease. RNA immunoprecipitation confirmed binding of circRNAs with this motif to SRSF10. Selective loss of cTTN1 in human induced pluripotent stem cell–derived cardiomyocytes induced structural abnormalities, apoptosis, and reduced contractile force in engineered heart tissue. In line with its SRSF10 binding, loss of cTTN1 caused abnormal splicing of important cardiomyocyte SRSF10 targets such as MEF2A and CASQ2. Strikingly, loss of cTTN1 also caused abnormal splicing of TTN itself. Mechanistically, we show that loss of cTTN1 distorts both localization of and splicing by RBM20. Conclusions: We demonstrate that circRNAs formed from the TTN transcript are essential for normal splicing of key muscle genes by enabling splice regulators RBM20 and SRSF10. This shows that the TTN transcript also has regulatory roles, besides its well-known signaling and structural function. In addition, we demonstrate that the specific sequence created by the back-splice junction of these circRNAs has important functions. This highlights the existence of functionally important sequences that cannot be recognized as such in the human genome but provides an as-yet unrecognized source for functional sequence variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anke J Tijsen
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Departments of Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (A.J.T., L.C.O., Y.J.R., I.v.d.M., S.A., S.C.K., A.v.d.B., Y.M.P.), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lucía Cócera Ortega
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Departments of Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (A.J.T., L.C.O., Y.J.R., I.v.d.M., S.A., S.C.K., A.v.d.B., Y.M.P.), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yolan J Reckman
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Departments of Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (A.J.T., L.C.O., Y.J.R., I.v.d.M., S.A., S.C.K., A.v.d.B., Y.M.P.), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, UK (X.Z., J.S.W.)
| | - Ingeborg van der Made
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Departments of Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (A.J.T., L.C.O., Y.J.R., I.v.d.M., S.A., S.C.K., A.v.d.B., Y.M.P.), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Simona Aufiero
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Departments of Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (A.J.T., L.C.O., Y.J.R., I.v.d.M., S.A., S.C.K., A.v.d.B., Y.M.P.), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jiuru Li
- Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (J.L., H.D.D.), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Selina C Kamps
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Departments of Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (A.J.T., L.C.O., Y.J.R., I.v.d.M., S.A., S.C.K., A.v.d.B., Y.M.P.), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anouk van den Bout
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Departments of Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (A.J.T., L.C.O., Y.J.R., I.v.d.M., S.A., S.C.K., A.v.d.B., Y.M.P.), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Harsha D Devalla
- Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (J.L., H.D.D.), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Stefan Engelhardt
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (S.E.).,Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (S.E.)
| | - Lior Gepstein
- The Sohnis Family Laboratory for Cardiac Electrophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, Technion-Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (L.G.)
| | - James S Ware
- Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, UK (X.Z., J.S.W.)
| | - Yigal M Pinto
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Departments of Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (A.J.T., L.C.O., Y.J.R., I.v.d.M., S.A., S.C.K., A.v.d.B., Y.M.P.), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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100
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Anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy: cellular and molecular mechanisms. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 134:1859-1885. [PMID: 32677679 DOI: 10.1042/cs20190653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite the known risk of cardiotoxicity, anthracyclines are widely prescribed chemotherapeutic agents. They are broadly characterized as being a robust effector of cellular apoptosis in rapidly proliferating cells through its actions in the nucleus and formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). And, despite the early use of dexrazoxane, no effective treatment strategy has emerged to prevent the development of cardiomyopathy, despite decades of study, suggesting that much more insight into the underlying mechanism of the development of cardiomyopathy is needed. In this review, we detail the specific intracellular activities of anthracyclines, from the cell membrane to the sarcoplasmic reticulum, and highlight potential therapeutic windows that represent the forefront of research into the underlying causes of anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy.
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