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Ni H, Li W, Zhuge Y, Xu S, Wang Y, Chen Y, Shen G, Wang F. Inhibition of circHIPK3 prevents angiotensin II-induced cardiac fibrosis by sponging miR-29b-3p. Int J Cardiol 2019; 292:188-196. [PMID: 30967276 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are emerging as powerful regulators of cardiac development and disease. Nevertheless, detailed studies describing circRNA-mediated regulation of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) biology and their role in cardiac fibrosis remain limited. METHODS PCR and Sanger sequencing were performed to identify the expression of circHIPK3 in CFs. Edu corporation assays, Transwell migration assays, and immunofluorescence staining assays were conducted to detect the function of circHIPK3 in CFs in vitro. Bioinformatics analysis, dual luciferase activity assays, RNA immunoprecipitation, and fluorescent in situ hybridization experiments were conducted to investigate the mechanism of circHIPK3-mediated cardiac fibrosis. Echocardiographic analysis, Sirius Red staining and immunofluorescence staining were performed to investigate the function of circHIPK3 in angiotensin II (Ang II) induced cardiac fibrosis in vivo. RESULTS circHIPK3 expression markedly increased in CFs and heart tissues after the treatment of Ang II. circHIPK3 silencing attenuates CFs proliferation, migration and the upregulation of a-SMA expression levels induced by Ang II in vitro. circHIPK3 acted as a miR-29b-3p sponge and overexpression of circHIPK3 effectively reverses miR-29b-3p-induced inhibition of CFs proliferation and migration and alters the expression levels of miR-29b-3p targeting genes (a-SMA, COL1A1, COL3A1) in vitro. Combination of circHIPK3 silencing and miR-29b-3p overexpression had a stronger effect on cardiac fibrosis suppression in vivo than did circHIPK3 silencing or miR-29b-3p overexpression alone. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that circHIPK3 serves as a miR-29b-3p sponge to regulate CF proliferation, migration and development of cardiac fibrosis, revealing a potential new target for the prevention of Ang II-induced cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaner Ni
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200800, People's Republic of China
| | - Weifeng Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200800, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhuge
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200800, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200800, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 200800, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200800, People's Republic of China
| | - Gu Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 200800, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200800, People's Republic of China.
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Chen D, Li Z, Bao P, Chen M, Zhang M, Yan F, Xu Y, Ji C, Hu X, Sanchis D, Zhang Y, Ye J. Nrf2 deficiency aggravates Angiotensin II-induced cardiac injury by increasing hypertrophy and enhancing IL-6/STAT3-dependent inflammation. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:1253-1264. [PMID: 30668979 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor playing cytoprotective effects in various pathological processes including oxidative stress and cardiac hypertrophy. Despite being a potential therapeutic target to treat several cardiomyopathies, the signaling underlying Nrf2-dependent cardioprotective action remains largely uncharacterized. AIM This study aimed to explore the signaling mediating the role of Nrf2 in the development of hypertensive cardiac pathogenesis by analyzing the response to Angiotensin II (Ang II) in the presence or absence of Nrf2 expression, both in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS Our results indicated that Nrf2 deficiency exacerbated cardiac damage triggered by Ang II infusion. Mechanistically, our study shows that Ang II-triggered hypertrophy and inflammation is exacerbated in the absence of Nrf2 expression and points to the involvement of the IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway in this event. Indeed, our results show that IL-6 abundance triggered by Ang II is increased in the absence of Nrf2 and demonstrate the requirement of IL-6 in STAT3 activation and cardiac inflammation induced by Ang II. CONCLUSION Our results show that Nrf2 is important for the protection of the heart against Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy and inflammation by mechanisms involving the regulation of IL-6/STAT3-dependent signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Zhe Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Cardiovascular research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Hubei key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Peiqing Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Miao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Fangrong Yan
- Research Center of Biostatistics and Computational Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Yitao Xu
- Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London W120NN, United Kingdom
| | - Caoyu Ji
- Research Center of Biostatistics and Computational Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Xinyue Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Daniel Sanchis
- Institut de Recerca Biomedica de Lleida (IRBLLEIDA), Universitat de Lleida, Edifici Biomedicina-I. Av. Rovira Roure, 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain.
| | - Yubin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210006, China.
| | - Junmei Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210006, China.
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Forrester SJ, Booz GW, Sigmund CD, Coffman TM, Kawai T, Rizzo V, Scalia R, Eguchi S. Angiotensin II Signal Transduction: An Update on Mechanisms of Physiology and Pathophysiology. Physiol Rev 2018; 98:1627-1738. [PMID: 29873596 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00038.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 643] [Impact Index Per Article: 107.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays crucial roles in cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology. However, many of the signaling mechanisms have been unclear. The angiotensin II (ANG II) type 1 receptor (AT1R) is believed to mediate most functions of ANG II in the system. AT1R utilizes various signal transduction cascades causing hypertension, cardiovascular remodeling, and end organ damage. Moreover, functional cross-talk between AT1R signaling pathways and other signaling pathways have been recognized. Accumulating evidence reveals the complexity of ANG II signal transduction in pathophysiology of the vasculature, heart, kidney, and brain, as well as several pathophysiological features, including inflammation, metabolic dysfunction, and aging. In this review, we provide a comprehensive update of the ANG II receptor signaling events and their functional significances for potential translation into therapeutic strategies. AT1R remains central to the system in mediating physiological and pathophysiological functions of ANG II, and participation of specific signaling pathways becomes much clearer. There are still certain limitations and many controversies, and several noteworthy new concepts require further support. However, it is expected that rigorous translational research of the ANG II signaling pathways including those in large animals and humans will contribute to establishing effective new therapies against various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Forrester
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - George W Booz
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Curt D Sigmund
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Thomas M Coffman
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Tatsuo Kawai
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Victor Rizzo
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Rosario Scalia
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Satoru Eguchi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
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Barandiarán Aizpurua A, Schroen B, van Bilsen M, van Empel V. Targeted HFpEF therapy based on matchmaking of human and animal models. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2018; 315:H1670-H1683. [PMID: 30239232 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00024.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The diversity in clinical phenotypes and poor understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is the main reason why no effective treatments have been found yet. Targeted, instead of one size fits all, treatment seems the only promising approach for treating HFpEF. To be able to design a targeted, phenotype-specific HFpEF treatment, the matrix relating clinical phenotypes and underlying pathophysiological mechanisms has to be clarified. This review discusses the opportunities for additional evaluation of the underlying pathophysiological processes, e.g., to evaluate biological phenotypes on top of clinical routine, to guide us toward a phenotype-specific HFpEF treatment. Moreover, a translational approach with matchmaking of animal models to biological HFpEF phenotypes will be a valuable step to test the effectiveness of novel, targeted interventions in HFpEF. Listen to this article's corresponding podcast at https://ajpheart.podbean.com/e/personalized-medicine-in-hfpef/ .
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Affiliation(s)
- Arantxa Barandiarán Aizpurua
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre , Maastricht , The Netherlands.,Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Centre , Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Blanche Schroen
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre , Maastricht , The Netherlands.,Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Centre , Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Marc van Bilsen
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre , Maastricht , The Netherlands.,Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University , Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Vanessa van Empel
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre , Maastricht , The Netherlands.,Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Centre , Maastricht , The Netherlands
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Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in the development of heart failure. Oxidative metabolism in mitochondria is the main energy source of the heart, and the inability to generate and transfer energy has long been considered the primary mechanism linking mitochondrial dysfunction and contractile failure. However, the role of mitochondria in heart failure is now increasingly recognized to be beyond that of a failed power plant. In this Review, we summarize recent evidence demonstrating vicious cycles of pathophysiological mechanisms during the pathological remodeling of the heart that drive mitochondrial contributions from being compensatory to being a suicide mission. These mechanisms include bottlenecks of metabolic flux, redox imbalance, protein modification, ROS-induced ROS generation, impaired mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis, and inflammation. The interpretation of these findings will lead us to novel avenues for disease mechanisms and therapy.
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Abstract
Research has demonstrated that the high capacity requirements of the heart are satisfied by a preference for oxidation of fatty acids. However, it is well known that a stressed heart, as in pathological hypertrophy, deviates from its inherent profile and relies heavily on glucose metabolism, primarily achieved by an acceleration in glycolysis. Moreover, it has been suggested that the chronically lipid overloaded heart augments fatty acid oxidation and triglyceride synthesis to an even greater degree and, thus, develops a lipotoxic phenotype. In comparison, classic studies in exercise physiology have provided a basis for the acute metabolic changes that occur during physical activity. During an acute bout of exercise, whole body glucose metabolism increases proportionately to intensity while fatty acid metabolism gradually increases throughout the duration of activity, particularly during moderate intensity. However, the studies in chronic exercise training are primarily limited to metabolic adaptations in skeletal muscle or to the mechanisms that govern physiological signaling pathways in the heart. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to discuss the precise changes that chronic exercise training elicits on cardiac metabolism, particularly on substrate utilization. Although conflicting data exists, a pattern of enhanced fatty oxidation and normalization of glycolysis emerges, which may be a therapeutic strategy to prevent or regress the metabolic phenotype of the hypertrophied heart. This review also expands on the metabolic adaptations that chronic exercise training elicits in amino acid and ketone body metabolism, which have become of increased interest recently. Lastly, challenges with exercise training studies, which could relate to several variables including model, training modality, and metabolic parameter assessed, are examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen C. Kolwicz Jr.
- Heart and Muscle Metabolism Laboratory, Health and Exercise Physiology Department, Ursinus College, Collegeville, PA, United States
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57
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Abdurrachim D, Nabben M, Hoerr V, Kuhlmann MT, Bovenkamp P, Ciapaite J, Geraets IME, Coumans W, Luiken JJFP, Glatz JFC, Schäfers M, Nicolay K, Faber C, Hermann S, Prompers JJ. Diabetic db/db mice do not develop heart failure upon pressure overload: a longitudinal in vivo PET, MRI, and MRS study on cardiac metabolic, structural, and functional adaptations. Cardiovasc Res 2018; 113:1148-1160. [PMID: 28549111 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvx100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Heart failure is associated with altered myocardial substrate metabolism and impaired cardiac energetics. Comorbidities like diabetes may influence the metabolic adaptations during heart failure development. We quantified to what extent changes in substrate preference, lipid accumulation, and energy status predict the longitudinal development of hypertrophy and failure in the non-diabetic and the diabetic heart. Methods and results Transverse aortic constriction (TAC) was performed in non-diabetic (db/+) and diabetic (db/db) mice to induce pressure overload. Magnetic resonance imaging, 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), 1H MRS, and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (PET) were applied to measure cardiac function, energy status, lipid content, and glucose uptake, respectively. In vivo measurements were complemented with ex vivo techniques of high-resolution respirometry, proteomics, and western blotting to elucidate the underlying molecular pathways. In non-diabetic mice, TAC induced progressive cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction, which correlated with increased protein kinase D-1 (PKD1) phosphorylation and increased glucose uptake. These changes in glucose utilization preceded a reduction in cardiac energy status. At baseline, compared with non-diabetic mice, diabetic mice showed normal cardiac function, higher lipid content and mitochondrial capacity for fatty acid oxidation, and lower PKD1 phosphorylation, glucose uptake, and energetics. Interestingly, TAC affected cardiac function only mildly in diabetic mice, which was accompanied by normalization of phosphorylated PKD1, glucose uptake, and cardiac energy status. Conclusion The cardiac metabolic adaptations in diabetic mice seem to prevent the heart from failing upon pressure overload, suggesting that restoring the balance between glucose and fatty acid utilization is beneficial for cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desiree Abdurrachim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical NMR, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Miranda Nabben
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical NMR, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Verena Hoerr
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Philipp Bovenkamp
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Jolita Ciapaite
- Department of Pediatrics and Systems Biology Center for Energy Metabolism and Ageing, Center for Liver, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ilvy M E Geraets
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Will Coumans
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Joost J F P Luiken
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan F C Glatz
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Michael Schäfers
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging-EIMI, Münster, Germany.,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Klaas Nicolay
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical NMR, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelius Faber
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sven Hermann
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging-EIMI, Münster, Germany.,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Jeanine J Prompers
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical NMR, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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Wu YS, Zhu B, Luo AL, Yang L, Yang C. The Role of Cardiokines in Heart Diseases: Beneficial or Detrimental? BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:8207058. [PMID: 29744364 PMCID: PMC5878913 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8207058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality, imposing a major disease burden worldwide. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify new therapeutic targets. Recently, the concept that the heart acts as a secretory organ has attracted increasing attention. Proteins secreted by the heart are called cardiokines, and they play a critical physiological role in maintaining heart homeostasis or responding to myocardial damage and thereby influence the development of heart diseases. Given the critical role of cardiokines in heart disease, they might represent a promising therapeutic target. This review will focus on several cardiokines and discuss their roles in the pathogenesis of heart diseases and as potential therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Shun Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Ai-Lin Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Chun Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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Fillmore N, Levasseur JL, Fukushima A, Wagg CS, Wang W, Dyck JRB, Lopaschuk GD. Uncoupling of glycolysis from glucose oxidation accompanies the development of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Mol Med 2018; 24:3. [PMID: 30134787 PMCID: PMC6016884 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-018-0005-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations in cardiac energy metabolism contribute to the development and severity of heart failure (HF). In severe HF, overall mitochondrial oxidative metabolism is significantly decreased resulting in a reduced energy reserve. However, despite the high prevalence of HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) in our society, it is not clear what changes in cardiac energy metabolism occur in HFpEF, and whether alterations in energy metabolism contribute to the development of contractile dysfunction. METHODS We directly assessed overall energy metabolism during the development of HFpEF in Dahl salt-sensitive rats fed a high salt diet (HSD) for 3, 6 and 9 weeks. RESULTS Over the course of 9 weeks, the HSD caused a progressive decrease in diastolic function (assessed by echocardiography assessment of E'/A'). This was accompanied by a progressive increase in cardiac glycolysis rates (assessed in isolated working hearts obtained at 3, 6, and 9 weeks of HSD). In contrast, the subsequent oxidation of pyruvate from glycolysis (glucose oxidation) was not altered, resulting in an uncoupling of glucose metabolism and a significant increase in proton production. Increased glucose transporter (GLUT)1 expression accompanied this elevation in glycolysis. Decreases in cardiac fatty acid oxidation and overall adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production rates were not observed in early HF, but both significantly decreased as HF progressed to HF with reduced EF (i.e. 9 weeks of HSD). CONCLUSIONS Overall, we show that increased glycolysis is the earliest energy metabolic change that occurs during HFpEF development. The resultant increased proton production from uncoupling of glycolysis and glucose oxidation may contribute to the development of HFpEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Fillmore
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Jody L Levasseur
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Arata Fukushima
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Cory S Wagg
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Wei Wang
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Jason R B Dyck
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Gary D Lopaschuk
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
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Gu J, Fan YQ, Zhang HL, Zhang JF, Wang CQ. Serum uric acid is associated with incidence of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and cardiovascular events in patients with arterial hypertension. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2018; 20:560-567. [PMID: 29447438 DOI: 10.1111/jch.13210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Gu
- Department of Cardiology; Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital; Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine; Shanghai China
| | - Yu-Qi Fan
- Department of Cardiology; Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital; Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine; Shanghai China
| | - Hui-Li Zhang
- Department of Cardiology; Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital; Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine; Shanghai China
| | - Jun-Feng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology; Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital; Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine; Shanghai China
| | - Chang-Qian Wang
- Department of Cardiology; Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital; Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine; Shanghai China
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Ritterhoff J, Tian R. Metabolism in cardiomyopathy: every substrate matters. Cardiovasc Res 2017; 113:411-421. [PMID: 28395011 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvx017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac metabolism is highly adaptive to changes in fuel availability and the energy demand of the heart. This metabolic flexibility is key for the heart to maintain its output during the development and in response to stress. Alterations in substrate preference have been observed in multiple disease states; a clear understanding of their impact on cardiac function in the long term is critical for the development of metabolic therapies. In addition, the contribution of cellular metabolism to growth, survival, and other signalling pathways through the generation of metabolic intermediates has been increasingly noted, adding another layer of complexity to the impact of metabolism on cardiac function. In a quest to understand the complexity of the cardiac metabolic network, genetic tools have been engaged to manipulate cardiac metabolism in a variety of mouse models. The ability to engineer cardiac metabolism in vivo has provided tremendous insights and brought about conceptual innovations. In this review, we will provide an overview of the cardiac metabolic network and highlight alterations observed during cardiac development and pathological hypertrophy. We will focus on consequences of altered substrate preference on cardiac response to chronic stresses through energy providing and non-energy providing pathways.
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Nguyen S, Shao D, Tomasi LC, Braun A, de Mattos ABM, Choi YS, Villet O, Roe N, Halterman CR, Tian R, Kolwicz SC. The effects of fatty acid composition on cardiac hypertrophy and function in mouse models of diet-induced obesity. J Nutr Biochem 2017; 46:137-142. [PMID: 28605665 PMCID: PMC5516950 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2017.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
High-fat diets (HFDs) are used frequently to study the development of cardiac dysfunction in animal models of obesity and diabetes. However, impairment in systolic function, often reported as declining ejection fraction, may not consistently occur in a given time frame which could be contributable to a variety of factors within the experimental design. One major factor may be the amounts of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids (FAs) that are present in the diet. To determine whether the FA content and composition were critical determinants in the development of cardiac dysfunction in response to high-fat feeding, we fed adult, male mice Western diet (45% fat, 60% saturated), Surwit diet (60% fat, 90% saturated), milk-fat-based diet (60% fat, 60% saturated) or high-fat Western diet (HFWD, 60% fat, 32% saturated) for 12 weeks. We report that neither the amount of total fat nor the ratio of saturated to unsaturated FAs in the diets differentially affects body weight and adiposity in mice. In addition, no evidence of systolic dysfunction is present after 12 weeks. Interestingly, the HFWD, with equal parts saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated FAs, induces mild cardiac hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction after 12 weeks, which coincides with elevated serum levels of arachidonic acid. Our results suggest that the dietary FA content and composition may be a primary determinant of diastolic, but not systolic, dysfunction in animal models of diet-induced obesity.
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Makino K, Makino T, Stawski L, Mantero JC, Lafyatis R, Simms R, Trojanowska M. Blockade of PDGF Receptors by Crenolanib Has Therapeutic Effect in Patient Fibroblasts and in Preclinical Models of Systemic Sclerosis. J Invest Dermatol 2017; 137:1671-1681. [PMID: 28433542 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a multi-organ fibrotic disease with few treatment options. Activated fibroblasts are the key effector cells in SSc responsible for the excessive production of collagen and the development of fibrosis. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), a potent mitogen for cells of mesenchymal origin, has been implicated in the activation of SSc fibroblasts. Our aim was to examine the therapeutic potential of crenolanib, an inhibitor of PDGF receptor signaling, in cultured fibroblasts and in angiotensin II-induced skin and heart fibrosis. Crenolanib effectively inhibited proliferation and migration of SSc and healthy control fibroblasts and attenuated basal and transforming growth factor-β-induced expression of CCN2/CTGF and periostin. In contrast to healthy control fibroblasts, SSc fibroblasts proliferated in response to PDGFAA, whereas a combination of PDGFAA and CCN2 was required to elicit a similar response in healthy control fibroblasts. PDGF receptor α mRNA correlated with CCN2 and other fibrotic markers in the skin of SSc patients. In mice challenged with angiotensin II, PDGF receptor α-positive cells were increased in the skin and heart. These PDGF receptor α-positive cells co-localized with PDGF receptor β, procollagen, and periostin. Treatment with crenolanib attenuated the skin and heart fibrosis. Our data indicate that inhibition of PDGF signaling presents an attractive therapeutic approach for SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsunari Makino
- Arthritis Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tomoko Makino
- Arthritis Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lukasz Stawski
- Arthritis Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Julio C Mantero
- Arthritis Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Robert Lafyatis
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Robert Simms
- Arthritis Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Maria Trojanowska
- Arthritis Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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