51
|
Zavala MJ, Becker GL, Blount RJ. Interrelationships between tuberculosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2023; 29:104-111. [PMID: 36647566 PMCID: PMC9877200 DOI: 10.1097/mcp.0000000000000938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Our objective was to review the current literature regarding socioeconomic, environmental, clinical, and immunologic factors common to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and tuberculosis (TB). RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies suggest that TB patients might be at increased risk for developing COPD. Conversely, additional prospective cohort studies have determined that COPD patients are at increased risk for active TB: a risk that appears to be partially mediated through inhaled corticosteroid use. Tobacco smoking, poverty, air pollution, and malnutrition are associated with COPD and TB. Vitamin D has been shown to prevent COPD exacerbations, but its use for preventing TB infection remains unclear. Surfactant deficiency, elevated matrix metalloproteinases, and toll-like receptor 4 polymorphisms play key roles in the pathogenesis of both diseases. SUMMARY Recent studies have elucidated interrelationships between COPD and TB. Future research is needed to optimize clinical and public health approaches that could mitigate risk factors contributing to both diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Zavala
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
52
|
Brunette MF, Halenar MJ, Edwards KC, Taylor KA, Emond JA, Tanski SE, Woloshin S, Paulin LM, Hyland A, Lauten K, Mahoney M, Blanco C, Borek N, DaSilva LC, Gardner LD, Kimmel HL, Sargent JD. Association between tobacco product use and asthma among US adults from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study waves 2-4. BMJ Open Respir Res 2023; 10:10/1/e001187. [PMID: 36750276 PMCID: PMC9906250 DOI: 10.1136/bmjresp-2021-001187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research on cigarettes and adult asthma offers mixed findings, perhaps due to overlap with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and inadequate adjustment for other smoke exposures. Associations between other tobacco products, including e-cigarettes, and asthma are also understudied. RESEARCH QUESTION Using Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study waves 2-4 (2014/2015-2016/2017) data, we assessed the relation between tobacco product use and asthma in persons unlikely to have COPD. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Prospective study of 10 267 adults aged 18-39 years without COPD diagnoses. Past-month tobacco use at wave 2 was modelled first as combustible versus non-combustible use and second as specific product categories (former, cigarettes, e-cigarettes, cigars, hookah, smokeless tobacco). Outcomes included lifetime asthma prevalence at wave 2, incidence (waves 3 and 4) and Asthma Control Test score (lower=worse). Multivariable regressions adjusted for predictors of asthma, including other smoke exposures: cigarette pack-years, secondhand smoke and marijuana use. Sensitivity analyses examined findings when persons >39 years and those with both COPD and asthma were added, and when smoke exposure adjustments were removed. RESULTS No product, including cigarettes and e-cigarettes, was associated with prevalence or incidence of asthma. Among people with asthma at wave 2, combustible tobacco (beta=-0.86, 95% CI (-1.32 to -0.39)) and cigarettes (beta=-1.14, 95% CI (-1.66 to -0.62)) were associated with worse asthma control. No tobacco product was associated with asthma control over time. In sensitivity analyses, tobacco use became associated with incident asthma as adults >39 years and those with asthma+COPD were added, and as adjustments for other smoke exposures were omitted. INTERPRETATION Although cigarette use was associated with worse asthma control, there were no longitudinal associations between combustible tobacco or e-cigarette use and new onset or worsening asthma in these preliminary analyses. Research on tobacco and asthma should exclude COPD and adjust for smoking history and other smoke exposures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mary F Brunette
- Research Division, Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth Health, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA .,Dartmouth College Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA.,The C Everette Koop Institute, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA.,The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Michael J Halenar
- Behavorial Health and Health Policy Practice, Westat, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Kathryn C Edwards
- Behavorial Health and Health Policy Practice, Westat, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Kristie A Taylor
- Behavorial Health and Health Policy Practice, Westat, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Jennifer A Emond
- Dartmouth College Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA,The C Everette Koop Institute, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Susanne E Tanski
- Dartmouth College Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA,The C Everette Koop Institute, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Steven Woloshin
- The C Everette Koop Institute, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA,The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Laura M Paulin
- Dartmouth College Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA,The C Everette Koop Institute, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Andrew Hyland
- Department of Health and Behavior, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Kristen Lauten
- Behavorial Health and Health Policy Practice, Westat, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Martin Mahoney
- Department of Health and Behavior, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Carlos Blanco
- Division of Epidemiology, Services and Prevention Research (DESPR), National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Nicolette Borek
- Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Lisa D Gardner
- Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Heather L Kimmel
- Division of Epidemiology, Services and Prevention Research (DESPR), National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - James D Sargent
- Dartmouth College Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA,The C Everette Koop Institute, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Liao Y, Wang H, Wang K, Zi K, Shen Y, Chen L, Wang T, Chen J, Wen F. Efficacy and safety of tiotropium bromide inhalation in symptomatic patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A multicenter, prospective, and observational study. Expert Rev Respir Med 2023; 17:237-245. [PMID: 36714923 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2023.2171990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Treatment guidelines have recommended tiotropium bromide inhalation (TBI), a long-acting muscarinic antagonist, for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); however, its efficacy in symptomatic Chinese patients with COPD remains uninvestigated. METHODS This multicenter, prospective, observational study enrolled patients with COPD assessment test (CAT) scores exceeding 10 points from 19 hospitals spread across China. All patients received TBI and underwent follow-up for 3 months. The demographic and clinical information were assessed. RESULTS The final analysis included 378 patients. The forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC) of all participants improved markedly after 3 months of treatment (FEV1: mean 1.33 L versus 1.61 L, P < 0.001; FEV1/FVC: mean 0.53 versus 0.62, P < 0.001). The mean CAT scores decreased from 26.56 to 16.28 (P < 0.001). Patients classified into group D based on the Global Initiative for COPD guidelines showed greater improvement in FEV1 and FEV1/FVC than that in patients in group B. The proportion of patients with acute exacerbations also declined from 28.6% in the first month to 4.2% in the third month. CONCLUSION TBI for 3 months could effectively and safely attenuate symptoms and airflow obstruction in symptomatic Chinese patients with COPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liao
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, and Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, and Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, and Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Kai Zi
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, and Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongchun Shen
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, and Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, and Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, and Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, and Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fuqiang Wen
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, and Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Goth FEM, Green K, Hansen BM, Agertoft L, Jørgensen IM. From neonatal lung function to lung function and respiratory morbidity at 6-year follow-up. Pediatr Pulmonol 2023; 58:566-576. [PMID: 36349430 PMCID: PMC10098878 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.26240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung function is traceable from infancy to adulthood. Only a few studies have examined lung function from birth to childhood longitudinally in children born moderate to late preterm. We aimed to investigate how prematurity and lung function in the neonatal period are related to lung function and respiratory morbidity at age 6 in former moderate to late preterm children compared with children born at term. METHODS Lung function was measured in a cohort of moderately to late preterm (n = 48) and term-born (n = 53) infants in the neonatal period by FeNO, and tidal breathing flow-volume loops (TBFVL) and at age 6 (n = 52) by spirometry, whole-body plethysmograph and impulse oscillation combined with a respiratory symptom questionnaire. RESULTS Moderate to late preterm children had a higher TPEF /TE ratio neonatally (42.6% vs. 33.7%, p = 0.02) and a lower % predicted orced expiratory volume in the first second at age 6 (94.4% vs. 101.9%, p = 0.01) compared to term-born children. We found a significant association between the variability of neonatal tidal volume and effective airway resistance at age 6 (β = -0.34, p = 0.03). No association between neonatal FeNO or TBFVL and respiratory morbidity at 6-year follow-up was shown. CONCLUSION Children born moderate to late preterm had lower lung function at age 6 than term-born children. We did not find evidence for the use of neonatal tidal breathing parameters as a predictor for subsequent respiratory morbidity or lung function, however sample size was small.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fanny E M Goth
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescence Medicine, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kent Green
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescence Medicine, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod, Denmark
| | - Bo M Hansen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescence Medicine, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lone Agertoft
- Hans Christian Andersen Children's Hospital, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Inger M Jørgensen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescence Medicine, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Deolmi M, Decarolis NM, Motta M, Makrinioti H, Fainardi V, Pisi G, Esposito S. Early Origins of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Prenatal and Early Life Risk Factors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2294. [PMID: 36767660 PMCID: PMC9915555 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The main risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is active smoking. However, a considerable amount of people with COPD never smoked, and increasing evidence suggests that adult lung disease can have its origins in prenatal and early life. This article reviews some of the factors that can potentially affect lung development and lung function trajectories throughout the lifespan from genetics and prematurity to respiratory tract infections and childhood asthma. Maternal smoking and air pollution exposure were also analyzed among the environmental factors. The adoption of preventive strategies to avoid these risk factors since the prenatal period may be crucial to prevent, delay the onset or modify the progression of COPD lung disease throughout life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michela Deolmi
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Nicola Mattia Decarolis
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Matteo Motta
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Heidi Makrinioti
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 01451, USA
| | - Valentina Fainardi
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Giovanna Pisi
- Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Pediatric Clinic, Az. Ospedaliera-Universitaria di Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Susanna Esposito
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43124 Parma, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Fang L, Wang X, Zhang M, Khan P, Tamm M, Roth M. MicroRNA-101-3p Suppresses mTOR and Causes Mitochondrial Fragmentation and Cell Degeneration in COPD. Can Respir J 2022; 2022:5933324. [PMID: 36518817 PMCID: PMC9744603 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5933324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cigarette smoke is assumed to cause the loss of airway wall structure in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) by reducing airway smooth muscle cell (ASMC) function. It also modifies mTOR activity, microRNA (miR)-101-3p expression, and mitochondria function. Here, the link between miR-101-3p and mTOR-regulated mitochondria integrity and ASMC deterioration was assessed. METHODS Disease-specific miR-101-3p expression was determined by RT-PCR in primary ASMC (non-COPD smokers: n = 6; COPD: n = 8; healthy: n = 6). The regulatory effect of miR-101-3p modification on mTOR expression, mitochondrial fragmentation, and remodeling properties (α-SMA, fibronectin, MTCO2, and p70S6 kinase) was assessed in ASMC (healthy nonsmokers: n = 3; COPD: n = 3) by Western blotting and immunofluorescence microscopy. MiR-101-3p was modified by specific mimics or inhibitors, in ASMC stimulated with TNF-α (10 ng/ml) or cigarette smoke extract (CSE). RESULTS MiR-101-3p expression was significantly higher in ASMC of COPD patients, compared to ASMC of healthy or active smokers. MiR-101-3p expression was increased by TNF-α or CSE. TNF-α or miR-101-3p deteriorated ASMC and mitochondria, while decreasing mTOR signaling, α-SMA, fibronectin, and MTCO2. MiR-101-3p inhibition reduced ASMC deterioration and mitochondrial fragmentation. CONCLUSION Constitutive high miR-101-3p expression characterizes COPD-ASMC, causing increased mitochondrial fragmentation and ASMC deterioration. Thus, reactivation mTOR or blocking miR-101-3p presents a potential new strategy for COPD therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Fang
- Departments of Biomedicine & Internal Medicine, University and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Xinggang Wang
- Departments of Biomedicine & Internal Medicine, University and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Reproductive Medicine Centre, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Departments of Biomedicine & Internal Medicine, University and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Petra Khan
- Departments of Biomedicine & Internal Medicine, University and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael Tamm
- Departments of Biomedicine & Internal Medicine, University and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael Roth
- Departments of Biomedicine & Internal Medicine, University and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Humbert MV, Spalluto CM, Bell J, Blume C, Conforti F, Davies ER, Dean LSN, Elkington P, Haitchi HM, Jackson C, Jones MG, Loxham M, Lucas JS, Morgan H, Polak M, Staples KJ, Swindle EJ, Tezera L, Watson A, Wilkinson TMA. Towards an artificial human lung: modelling organ-like complexity to aid mechanistic understanding. Eur Respir J 2022; 60:2200455. [PMID: 35777774 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00455-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory diseases account for over 5 million deaths yearly and are a huge burden to healthcare systems worldwide. Murine models have been of paramount importance to decode human lung biology in vivo, but their genetic, anatomical, physiological and immunological differences with humans significantly hamper successful translation of research into clinical practice. Thus, to clearly understand human lung physiology, development, homeostasis and mechanistic dysregulation that may lead to disease, it is essential to develop models that accurately recreate the extraordinary complexity of the human pulmonary architecture and biology. Recent advances in micro-engineering technology and tissue engineering have allowed the development of more sophisticated models intending to bridge the gap between the native lung and its replicates in vitro Alongside advanced culture techniques, remarkable technological growth in downstream analyses has significantly increased the predictive power of human biology-based in vitro models by allowing capture and quantification of complex signals. Refined integrated multi-omics readouts could lead to an acceleration of the translational pipeline from in vitro experimental settings to drug development and clinical testing in the future. This review highlights the range and complexity of state-of-the-art lung models for different areas of the respiratory system, from nasal to large airways, small airways and alveoli, with consideration of various aspects of disease states and their potential applications, including pre-clinical drug testing. We explore how development of optimised physiologically relevant in vitro human lung models could accelerate the identification of novel therapeutics with increased potential to translate successfully from the bench to the patient's bedside.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Victoria Humbert
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Cosma Mirella Spalluto
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
- M.V. Humbert and C.M. Spalluto are co-first authors and contributed equally to this work
| | - Joseph Bell
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Cornelia Blume
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Franco Conforti
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Elizabeth R Davies
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Biological Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Lareb S N Dean
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Paul Elkington
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Hans Michael Haitchi
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Claire Jackson
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Mark G Jones
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Matthew Loxham
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Jane S Lucas
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Hywel Morgan
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Electronics and Computer Science, Faculty of Physical Sciences and Engineering, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Marta Polak
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Karl J Staples
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Emily J Swindle
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Liku Tezera
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Faculty of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Alastair Watson
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
- College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tom M A Wilkinson
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Lahmar Z, Ahmed E, Fort A, Vachier I, Bourdin A, Bergougnoux A. Hedgehog pathway and its inhibitors in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Pharmacol Ther 2022; 240:108295. [PMID: 36191777 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
COPD affects millions of people and is now ranked as the third leading cause of death worldwide. This largely untreatable chronic airway disease results in irreversible destruction of lung architecture. The small lung hypothesis is now supported by epidemiological, physiological and clinical studies. Accordingly, the early and severe COPD phenotype carries the most dreadful prognosis and finds its roots during lung growth. Pathophysiological mechanisms remain poorly understood and implicate individual susceptibility (genetics), a large part of environmental factors (viral infections, tobacco consumption, air pollution) and the combined effects of those triggers on gene expression. Genetic susceptibility is most likely involved as the disease is severe and starts early in life. The latter observation led to the identification of Mendelian inheritance via disease-causing variants of SERPINA1 - known as the basis for alpha-1 anti-trypsin deficiency, and TERT. In the last two decades multiple genome wide association studies (GWAS) identified many single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with COPD. High significance SNPs are located in 4q31 near HHIP which encodes an evolutionarily highly conserved physiological inhibitor of the Hedgehog signaling pathway (HH). HHIP is critical to several in utero developmental lung processes. It is also implicated in homeostasis, injury response, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and tumor resistance to apoptosis. A few studies have reported decreased HHIP RNA and protein levels in human adult COPD lungs. HHIP+/- murine models led to emphysema. HH pathway inhibitors, such as vismodegib and sonidegib, are already validated in oncology, whereas other drugs have evidenced in vitro effects. Targeting the Hedgehog pathway could lead to a new therapeutic avenue in COPD. In this review, we focused on the early and severe COPD phenotype and the small lung hypothesis by exploring genetic susceptibility traits that are potentially treatable, thus summarizing promising therapeutics for the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z Lahmar
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - E Ahmed
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France; PhyMedExp, Univ Montpellier, Inserm U1046, CNRS UMR 9214, Montpellier, France
| | - A Fort
- PhyMedExp, Univ Montpellier, Inserm U1046, CNRS UMR 9214, Montpellier, France
| | - I Vachier
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France; PhyMedExp, Univ Montpellier, Inserm U1046, CNRS UMR 9214, Montpellier, France
| | - A Bourdin
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France; PhyMedExp, Univ Montpellier, Inserm U1046, CNRS UMR 9214, Montpellier, France
| | - A Bergougnoux
- PhyMedExp, Univ Montpellier, Inserm U1046, CNRS UMR 9214, Montpellier, France; Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire et de Cytogénomique, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Han Z, Hu H, Yang P, Li B, Liu G, Pang J, Zhao H, Wang J, Wang C. White blood cell count and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A Mendelian Randomization study. Comput Biol Med 2022; 151:106187. [PMID: 36327882 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.106187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Blood leukocyte counts (e.g., eosinophil count) are important biomarkers for the onset, classification, and exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The causal relationships between them are necessary for the development of COPD treatment strategy, but remain unclear. Here, we implement two-sample bi-directional univariable Mendelian Randomization (MR) and multivariable MR to investigate the causal relationships. Univariable MR find that elevated blood eosinophil count significantly increases the risk of COPD (odds ratio (OR) = 1.22, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.14-1.30, P = 1.54 × 10-09) and COPD-related hospitalization (OR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.15-1.80, P = 1.36 × 10-03). Besides, it also significantly decreases the ratio of forced expiratory volume in the first second over forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC ratio) (OR = 0.942, 95% CI: 0.914-0.971, P = 1.02 × 10-04). These findings are fully supported by multivariate MR results. Interestingly, univariable MR reveals a weak causal relationship between elevated blood eosinophil count and COPD risk in younger people (<65 years) (OR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.10-1.75, P = 5.52 × 10-03), but not older individuals (OR = 1.20, 95% CI: 0.926-1.55, P = 0.17). Finally, reverse univariable MR reveals the onset of COPD and the decreased FEV1/FVC ratio both lead to increased blood neutrophil count (OR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.01-1.05, P = 3.40 × 10-03 and OR = 0.947, 95% CI: 0.91-0.986, P = 8.75 × 10-03 respectively). In summary, this MR study demonstrates that high blood eosinophil count is an independent causal mediator of COPD risk, FEV1/FVC decline, and COPD-related hospitalization. The increase in neutrophil count is induced by COPD onset or FEV1/FVC decline. This suggests eosinophil, but not neutrophil, may be used as a therapeutic target for preventing the onset and exacerbation of COPD and FEV1/FVC decline. Therefore, a non-neutrophil-targeted therapeutic strategy for neutrophilic COPD is required in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhifa Han
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathophysiology, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Huiyuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathophysiology, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China; First Clinical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road No.76, Xi'an, ShaanXi, 710061, China
| | - Peiran Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathophysiology, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Baicun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathophysiology, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Guiyou Liu
- Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China; National Engineering Laboratory of Internet Medical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Junling Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathophysiology, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Hongmei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathophysiology, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathophysiology, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathophysiology, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China; Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, 100084, China
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Gisler A, Eeftens M, de Hoogh K, Vienneau D, Salem Y, Yammine S, Jakob J, Gorlanova O, Decrue F, Gehrig R, Frey U, Latzin P, Fuchs O, Usemann J, Decrue F, Frey U, Fuchs O, Gisler A, Gorlanova O, Kentgens A, Korten I, Kurz J, Latzin P, Nissen A, Oestreich M, Röösli M, Salem Y, Usemann J, Vienneau D. Pollen exposure is associated with risk of respiratory symptoms during the first year of life. Allergy 2022; 77:3606-3616. [PMID: 35302662 PMCID: PMC10078730 DOI: 10.1111/all.15284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pollen exposure is associated with respiratory symptoms in children and adults. However, the association of pollen exposure with respiratory symptoms during infancy, a particularly vulnerable period, remains unclear. We examined whether pollen exposure is associated with respiratory symptoms in infants and whether maternal atopy, infant's sex or air pollution modifies this association. METHODS We investigated 14,874 observations from 401 healthy infants of a prospective birth cohort. The association between pollen exposure and respiratory symptoms, assessed in weekly telephone interviews, was evaluated using generalized additive mixed models (GAMMs). Effect modification by maternal atopy, infant's sex, and air pollution (NO2 , PM2.5 ) was assessed with interaction terms. RESULTS Per infant, 37 ± 2 (mean ± SD) respiratory symptom scores were assessed during the analysis period (January through September). Pollen exposure was associated with increased respiratory symptoms during the daytime (RR [95% CI] per 10% pollen/m3 : combined 1.006 [1.002, 1.009]; tree 1.005 [1.002, 1.008]; grass 1.009 [1.000, 1.23]) and nighttime (combined 1.003 [0.999, 1.007]; tree 1.003 [0.999, 1.007]; grass 1.014 [1.004, 1.024]). While there was no effect modification by maternal atopy and infant's sex, a complex crossover interaction between combined pollen and PM2.5 was found (p-value 0.003). CONCLUSION Even as early as during the first year of life, pollen exposure was associated with an increased risk of respiratory symptoms, independent of maternal atopy and infant's sex. Because infancy is a particularly vulnerable period for lung development, the identified adverse effect of pollen exposure may be relevant for the evolvement of chronic childhood asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Gisler
- University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB), Basel, Switzerland.,Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marloes Eeftens
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kees de Hoogh
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Danielle Vienneau
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Yasmin Salem
- University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB), Basel, Switzerland.,Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sophie Yammine
- University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB), Basel, Switzerland.,Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Julian Jakob
- Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), Bern, Switzerland
| | - Olga Gorlanova
- University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB), Basel, Switzerland.,Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Fabienne Decrue
- University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB), Basel, Switzerland.,Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Regula Gehrig
- Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology MeteoSwiss, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Urs Frey
- University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB), Basel, Switzerland.,Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Latzin
- University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB), Basel, Switzerland.,Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Fuchs
- University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB), Basel, Switzerland.,Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jakob Usemann
- University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB), Basel, Switzerland.,Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Division of Respiratory Medicine, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
61
|
RpoB Gene Mutation Characteristics of Rifampicin-resistant Tuberculosis in Anqing, China. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2022. [DOI: 10.5812/jjm-127306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Rifampicin resistant tuberculosis is a serious problem faced by tuberculosis control in China, and rapid detection of rifampicin resistance is urgently needed. Objectives: This study aimed to describe the molecular characteristics and frequency of RNA polymerase β subunit (rpoB) gene mutations in rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) in the Anqing area. Methods: The rpoB gene fragment was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and all isolates were sequenced for mutations in the rpoB gene. The mutations were obtained by comparing the sequencing results with the MUBII database. In addition, logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between rpoB mutations and rifampicin (RIF) resistance. Results: There were 152 males and 42 females in this study, and the mean age was 56.60 ± 17.91 years. Mutations in the rpoB gene were a risk factor for rifampicin resistance (β = 5.271, P < 0.001 OR = 195.192). Among the 19 RR-TB strains, 16 (84.21%) had mutations in the ropB gene, and three (1.71%) of 175 rifampicin-sensitive strains were mutated. The mutation sites of five strains (31.58%) were at the codon 526 and five strains (31.58%) at the codon 531. However, there were two strains at the codon 513 and two strains at the codon 533 (15.79%), and two strains (10.53%) were double mutations. Conclusions: The mutation characteristics of the rpoB gene in the Anqing area are complex, and rpoB mutation detection can be used as an indicator to screen drug resistance of RIF.
Collapse
|
62
|
Atkinson CE, Kesic MJ, Hernandez ML. Ozone in the Development of Pediatric Asthma and Atopic Disease. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am 2022; 42:701-713. [PMID: 36265970 PMCID: PMC10519373 DOI: 10.1016/j.iac.2022.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Ozone (O3) is a ubiquitous outdoor air pollutant, which may be derived from various primary pollutants such as nitrates, hydrocarbons, and volatile organ compounds through ultraviolet radiation exposure, and has been shown to negatively impact respiratory health. O3 is the most common noninfectious environmental cause of asthma exacerbations among children and adults. Its effects on pediatric respiratory health could be due to multiple physiologic factors that may contribute to enhanced O3 exposure seen in children compared with adults, including differences in lung surface area per unit of body weight and ventilation rates. O3 can reach the distal regions of human lungs due to its low water solubility, resulting in either injury or activation of airway epithelial cells and macrophages. Multiple epidemiologic studies have highlighted a link between exposure to air pollution and the development of asthma. This review article specifically focuses on examining the impact of early life O3 exposure on lung development, lung function, and the risk of developing atopic diseases including asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis among children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claire E Atkinson
- Division of Allergy & Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Matthew J Kesic
- Campbell University College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Physician Assistant Program, Buies Creek, NC, USA
| | - Michelle L Hernandez
- Division of Allergy & Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Kraemer R, Gardin F, Smith HJ, Baty F, Barandun J, Piecyk A, Minder S, Salomon J, Frey M, Brutsche MH, Matthys H. Functional Predictors Discriminating Asthma-COPD Overlap (ACO) from Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2022; 17:2723-2743. [PMID: 36304971 PMCID: PMC9595126 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s382761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A significant proportion of patients with obstructive lung disease have clinical and functional features of both asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), referred to as the asthma–COPD overlap (ACO). The distinction of these phenotypes, however, is not yet well-established due to the lack of defining clinical and/or functional criteria. The aim of our investigations was to assess the discriminating power of various lung function parameters on the assessment of ACO. Methods From databases of 4 pulmonary centers, a total of 540 patients (231 males, 309 females), including 372 patients with asthma, 77 patients with ACO and 91 patients with COPD, were retrospectively collected, and gradients among combinations of explanatory variables of spirometric (FEV1, FEV1/FVC, FEF25-75), plethysmographic (sReff, sGeff, the aerodynamic work of breathing at rest; sWOB), static lung volumes, including trapped gases and measurements of the carbon monoxide transfer (DLCO, KCO) were explored using multiple factor analysis (MFA). The discriminating power of lung function parameters with respect to ACO was assessed using linear discriminant analysis (LDA). Results LDA revealed that parameters of airway dynamics (sWOB, sReff, sGeff) combined with parameters of static lung volumes such as functional residual capacity (FRCpleth) and trapped gas at FRC (VTGFRC) are valuable and potentially important tools discriminating between asthma, ACO and COPD. Moreover, sWOB significantly contributes to the diagnosis of obstructive airway diseases, independent from the state of pulmonary hyperinflation, whilst the diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) significantly differentiates between the 3 diagnostic classes. Conclusion The complexity of COPD with its components of interaction and their heterogeneity, especially in discrimination from ACO, may well be differentiated if patients are explored by a whole set of target parameters evaluating, interactionally, flow limitation, airway dynamics, pulmonary hyperinflation, small airways dysfunction and gas exchange disturbances assessing specific functional deficits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Kraemer
- Centre of Pulmonary Medicine, Hirslanden Private Hospital Group, Salem-Hospital, Bern, Switzerland,Center for Translational Medicine and Biomedical Entrepreneurship, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland,Correspondence: Richard Kraemer, Center of Pulmonary Medicine, Hirslanden Private Hospital Group, Schänzlistrasse 39, Berne, CH-3013, Switzerland, Tel +41 79 300 26 53, Email
| | - Fabian Gardin
- Centre of Pulmonary Medicine, Hirslanden Private Hospital Group, Clinic Hirslanden, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Hans-Jürgen Smith
- Medical Development, Research in Respiratory Diagnostics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Florent Baty
- Department of Pneumology, Cantonal Hospital St, Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Jürg Barandun
- Centre of Pulmonary Medicine, Hirslanden Private Hospital Group, Clinic Hirslanden, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Piecyk
- Centre of Pulmonary Medicine, Hirslanden Private Hospital Group, Clinic Hirslanden, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Minder
- Centre of Pulmonary Medicine, Hirslanden Private Hospital Group, Salem-Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jörg Salomon
- Centre of Pulmonary Medicine, Hirslanden Private Hospital Group, Salem-Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin Frey
- Department of Pneumology, Barmelweid Hospital, Barmelweid, Switzerland
| | | | - Heinrich Matthys
- Department of Pneumology, University Hospital of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Plombon S, Henneberger PK, Humann MJ, Liang X, Doney BC, Kelly KM, Cox-Ganser JM. The association of chronic bronchitis and airflow obstruction with lifetime and current farm activities in a sample of rural adults in Iowa. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2022; 95:1741-1754. [PMID: 35482110 PMCID: PMC10424266 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-022-01866-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Farmers have an increased risk for chronic bronchitis and airflow obstruction. The objective of this study was to investigate the association of these health outcomes with farm activities. METHODS We evaluated the Keokuk County Rural Health Study (KCRHS) enrollment data for farm activities and the two health outcomes chronic bronchitis based on self-reported symptoms and airflow obstruction based on spirometry. We used logistic regression to model the health outcomes, yielding an odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for farm activities while adjusting for potential confounders and other risk factors. RESULTS Of the 1234 farmers, 104 (8.4%) had chronic bronchitis, 75 (6.1%) fulfilled the criteria for airflow obstruction, and the two outcomes overlapped by 18 participants. Chronic bronchitis without airflow obstruction (n = 86) had a statistically significant association with crop storage insecticides (OR 3.1, 95% CI 1.6, 6.1) and a low number of years (≤ 3) worked with turkeys (OR 3.3, 95% CI 1.2, 9.4). The latter result should be interpreted with caution because it is based on a small number of cases (n = 5). Airflow obstruction with or without chronic bronchitis (n = 75) was significantly associated with ever working in a hog or chicken confinement setting (OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.0, 4.5). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that work with crop storage insecticides or turkeys may increase the risk for chronic bronchitis and work in hog or chicken confinement may increase the risk for airflow obstruction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Savanna Plombon
- Respiratory Health Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, MS H2900, 1000 Frederick Lane, Morgantown, WV, 26508, USA
| | - Paul K Henneberger
- Respiratory Health Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, MS H2900, 1000 Frederick Lane, Morgantown, WV, 26508, USA.
| | - Michael J Humann
- Respiratory Health Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, MS H2900, 1000 Frederick Lane, Morgantown, WV, 26508, USA
| | - Xiaoming Liang
- Respiratory Health Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, MS H2900, 1000 Frederick Lane, Morgantown, WV, 26508, USA
| | - Brent C Doney
- Respiratory Health Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, MS H2900, 1000 Frederick Lane, Morgantown, WV, 26508, USA
| | - Kevin M Kelly
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Jean M Cox-Ganser
- Respiratory Health Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, MS H2900, 1000 Frederick Lane, Morgantown, WV, 26508, USA
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Stolz D, Mkorombindo T, Schumann DM, Agusti A, Ash SY, Bafadhel M, Bai C, Chalmers JD, Criner GJ, Dharmage SC, Franssen FME, Frey U, Han M, Hansel NN, Hawkins NM, Kalhan R, Konigshoff M, Ko FW, Parekh TM, Powell P, Rutten-van Mölken M, Simpson J, Sin DD, Song Y, Suki B, Troosters T, Washko GR, Welte T, Dransfield MT. Towards the elimination of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a Lancet Commission. Lancet 2022; 400:921-972. [PMID: 36075255 PMCID: PMC11260396 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(22)01273-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 91.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Despite substantial progress in reducing the global impact of many non-communicable diseases, including heart disease and cancer, morbidity and mortality due to chronic respiratory disease continues to increase. This increase is driven primarily by the growing burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and has occurred despite the identification of cigarette smoking as the major risk factor for the disease more than 50 years ago. Many factors have contributed to what must now be considered a public health emergency: failure to limit the sale and consumption of tobacco products, unchecked exposure to environmental pollutants across the life course, and the ageing of the global population (partly as a result of improved outcomes for other conditions). Additionally, despite the heterogeneity of COPD, diagnostic approaches have not changed in decades and rely almost exclusively on post-bronchodilator spirometry, which is insensitive for early pathological changes, underused, often misinterpreted, and not predictive of symptoms. Furthermore, guidelines recommend only simplistic disease classification strategies, resulting in the same therapeutic approach for patients with widely differing conditions that are almost certainly driven by variable pathophysiological mechanisms. And, compared with other diseases with similar or less morbidity and mortality, the investment of financial and intellectual resources from both the public and private sector to advance understanding of COPD, reduce exposure to known risks, and develop new therapeutics has been woefully inadequate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daiana Stolz
- Clinic of Respiratory Medicine and Pulmonary Cell Research, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Clinic of Respiratory Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Takudzwa Mkorombindo
- Lung Health Center, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Desiree M Schumann
- Clinic of Respiratory Medicine and Pulmonary Cell Research, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alvar Agusti
- Respiratory Institute-Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona IDIBAPS, CIBERES, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Samuel Y Ash
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mona Bafadhel
- School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Chunxue Bai
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - James D Chalmers
- Scottish Centre for Respiratory Research, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Gerard J Criner
- Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shyamali C Dharmage
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Frits M E Franssen
- Department of Research and Education, CIRO, Horn, Netherlands; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Urs Frey
- University Children's Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - MeiLan Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Nadia N Hansel
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nathaniel M Hawkins
- Centre for Cardiovascular Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ravi Kalhan
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Melanie Konigshoff
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Fanny W Ko
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Trisha M Parekh
- Lung Health Center, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Maureen Rutten-van Mölken
- Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management and Institute for Medical Technology Assessment, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jodie Simpson
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Don D Sin
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation and Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Yuanlin Song
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital and National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Shanghai, China; Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bela Suki
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thierry Troosters
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Research Group for Rehabilitation in Internal Disorders, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - George R Washko
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tobias Welte
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease, German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mark T Dransfield
- Lung Health Center, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Lai X, Zhong J, Zhang A, Zhang B, Zhu T, Liao R. Focus on long non-coding RNA MALAT1: Insights into acute and chronic lung diseases. Front Genet 2022; 13:1003964. [PMID: 36186445 PMCID: PMC9523402 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1003964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a pulmonary illness with a high burden of morbidity and mortality around the world. Chronic lung diseases also represent life-threatening situations. Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) is a type of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and is highly abundant in lung tissues. MALAT1 can function as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to impair the microRNA (miRNA) inhibition on targeted messenger RNAs (mRNAs). In this review, we summarized that MALAT1 mainly participates in pulmonary cell biology and lung inflammation. Therefore, MALAT1 can positively or negatively regulate ALI and chronic lung diseases (e.g., chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), pulmonary fibrosis, asthma, and pulmonary hypertension (PH)). Besides, we also found a MALAT1-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA regulatory network in acute and chronic lung diseases. Through this review, we hope to cast light on the regulatory mechanisms of MALAT1 in ALI and chronic lung disease and provide a promising approach for lung disease treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingning Lai
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdou, Sichuan, China
- Research Unit for Perioperative Stress Assessment and Clinical Decision, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2018RU012), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Zhong
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdou, Sichuan, China
- Research Unit for Perioperative Stress Assessment and Clinical Decision, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2018RU012), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdou, Sichuan, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdou, Sichuan, China
- Research Unit for Perioperative Stress Assessment and Clinical Decision, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2018RU012), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdou, Sichuan, China
| | - Boyi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdou, Sichuan, China
- Research Unit for Perioperative Stress Assessment and Clinical Decision, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2018RU012), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdou, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdou, Sichuan, China
- Research Unit for Perioperative Stress Assessment and Clinical Decision, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2018RU012), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdou, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Tao Zhu, ; Ren Liao,
| | - Ren Liao
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdou, Sichuan, China
- Research Unit for Perioperative Stress Assessment and Clinical Decision, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2018RU012), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdou, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Tao Zhu, ; Ren Liao,
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Halpin DMG, Vogelmeier CF, Agusti A. Lung Health for All: Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease and World Lung Day 2022. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2022; 206:669-671. [PMID: 36112775 PMCID: PMC9799120 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202207-1407ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- David M. G. Halpin
- University of Exeter College of MedicineRoyal Devon and Exeter HospitalExeter, United Kingdom
| | - Claus F. Vogelmeier
- Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineUniversity Medical Center Giessen and MarburgMarburg, Germany
| | - Alvar Agusti
- Respiratory Institute, Hospital Clinic University of Barcelona, IDIBAPSCIBERES, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Signes-Pastor AJ, Díaz-Coto S, Martinez-Camblor P, Carey M, Soler-Blasco R, García-Villarino M, Fernández-Somoano A, Julvez J, Carrasco P, Lertxundi A, Santa Marina L, Casas M, Meharg AA, Karagas MR, Vioque-Lopez J. Arsenic exposure and respiratory outcomes during childhood in the INMA study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274215. [PMID: 36083997 PMCID: PMC9462567 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ingested inorganic arsenic (iAs) is a human carcinogen that is also linked to other adverse health effects, such as respiratory outcomes. Yet, among populations consuming low-arsenic drinking water, the impact of iAs exposure on childhood respiratory health is still uncertain. For a Spanish child study cohort (INfancia y Medio Ambiente—INMA), low-arsenic drinking water is usually available and ingestion of iAs from food is considered the major source of exposure. Here, we explored the association between iAs exposure and children’s respiratory outcomes assessed at 4 and 7 years of age (n = 400). The summation of 4-year-old children’s urinary iAs, monomethylarsonic acid (MMA), and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) was used as a biomarker of iAs exposure (∑As) (median of 4.92 μg/L). Children’s occurrence of asthma, eczema, sneeze, wheeze, and medication for asthma and wheeze at each assessment time point (i.e., 4- and 7-year) was assessed with maternal interviewer-led questionnaires. Crude and adjusted Poisson regression models using Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) were performed to account for the association between natural logarithm transformed (ln) urinary ∑As in μg/L at 4 years and repeated assessments of respiratory symptoms at 4 and 7 years of age. The covariates included in the models were child sex, maternal smoking status, maternal level of education, sub-cohort, and children’s consumption of vegetables, fruits, and fish/seafood. The GEE—splines function using Poisson regression showed an increased trend of the overall expected counts of respiratory symptoms with high urinary ∑As. The adjusted expected counts (95% confidence intervals) at ln-transformed urinary ∑As 1.57 (average concentration) and 4.00 (99th percentile concentration) were 0.63 (0.36, 1.10) and 1.33 (0.61, 2.89), respectively. These exploratory findings suggest that even relatively low-iAs exposure levels, relevant to the Spanish and other populations, may relate to an increased number of respiratory symptoms during childhood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J. Signes-Pastor
- Unidad de Epidemiología de la Nutrición, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Susana Díaz-Coto
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States of America
| | - Pablo Martinez-Camblor
- Biomedical Data Science Department, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States of America
| | - Manus Carey
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences Building, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Raquel Soler-Blasco
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO−Universitat Jaume I−Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Miguel García-Villarino
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, University Institute of Oncology of the Principality of Asturias (IUOPA)–Department of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Institute of Health Research of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ana Fernández-Somoano
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, University Institute of Oncology of the Principality of Asturias (IUOPA)–Department of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Institute of Health Research of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Jordi Julvez
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain
- ISGlobal- Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona-Campus MAR, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona (PRBB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paula Carrasco
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO−Universitat Jaume I−Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Aitana Lertxundi
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, UPV/EHU, Leioa, Basque Country, Spain
- Health Research Instititue, Biodonostia, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Loreto Santa Marina
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Instititue, Biodonostia, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
- Department of Health of the Basque Government, Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Maribel Casas
- ISGlobal- Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona-Campus MAR, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona (PRBB), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrew A. Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences Building, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Margaret R. Karagas
- Biomedical Data Science Department, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States of America
| | - Jesús Vioque-Lopez
- Unidad de Epidemiología de la Nutrición, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Zhang J, Xu H, Qiao D, DeMeo DL, Silverman EK, O’Connor GT, Hobbs BD, Dupuis J, Cho MH, Moll M. A polygenic risk score and age of diagnosis of COPD. Eur Respir J 2022; 60:2101954. [PMID: 35115341 PMCID: PMC9969342 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01954-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic susceptibility may be associated with earlier onset of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We hypothesised that a polygenic risk score (PRS) for COPD would be associated with earlier age of diagnosis of COPD. METHODS In 6647 non-Hispanic White (NHW) and 2464 African American (AA) participants from COPDGene, and 6812 participants from the Framingham Heart Study (FHS), we tested the relationship of the PRS and age of COPD diagnosis. Age at diagnosis was determined by: 1) self-reported age at COPD diagnosis or 2) age at visits when moderate-to-severe airflow limitation (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) grade 2-4) was observed on spirometry. We used Cox regression to examine the overall and time-dependent effects of the PRS on incident COPD. In the COPDGene study, we also examined the PRS's predictive value for COPD at age <50 years (COPD50) using logistic regression and area under the curve (AUC) analyses, with and without the addition of other risk factors present at early life (e.g. childhood asthma). RESULTS In Cox models, the PRS demonstrated age-dependent associations with incident COPD, with larger effects at younger ages in both cohorts. The PRS was associated with COPD50 (OR 1.55 (95% CI 1.41-1.71) for NHW, OR 1.23 (95% CI 1.05-1.43) for AA and OR 2.47 (95% CI 2.12-2.88) for FHS participants). In COPDGene, adding the PRS to known early-life risk factors improved prediction of COPD50 in NHW (AUC 0.69 versus 0.74; p<0.0001) and AA (AUC 0.61 versus 0.64; p=0.04) participants. CONCLUSIONS A COPD PRS is associated with earlier age of diagnosis of COPD and retains predictive value when added to known early-life risk factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingzhou Zhang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- The Pulmonary Center, Section of Pulmonary, Allergy, Sleep, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118
| | - Hanfei Xu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA 02118
| | - Dandi Qiao
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Dawn L. DeMeo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Edwin K. Silverman
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
| | - George T. O’Connor
- The Pulmonary Center, Section of Pulmonary, Allergy, Sleep, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118
| | - Brian D. Hobbs
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Josée Dupuis
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA 02118
| | - Michael H. Cho
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Matthew Moll
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Novel Lung Growth Strategy with Biological Therapy Targeting Airway Remodeling in Childhood Bronchial Asthma. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9081253. [PMID: 36010143 PMCID: PMC9406359 DOI: 10.3390/children9081253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Anti-inflammatory therapy, centered on inhaled steroids, suppresses airway inflammation in asthma, reduces asthma mortality and hospitalization rates, and achieves clinical remission in many pediatric patients. However, the spontaneous remission rate of childhood asthma in adulthood is not high, and airway inflammation and airway remodeling persist after remission of asthma symptoms. Childhood asthma impairs normal lung maturation, interferes with peak lung function in adolescence, reduces lung function in adulthood, and increases the risk of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Early suppression of airway inflammation in childhood and prevention of asthma exacerbations may improve lung maturation, leading to good lung function and prevention of adult COPD. Biological drugs that target T-helper 2 (Th2) cytokines are used in patients with severe pediatric asthma to reduce exacerbations and airway inflammation and improve respiratory function. They may also suppress airway remodeling in childhood and prevent respiratory deterioration in adulthood, reducing the risk of COPD and improving long-term prognosis. No studies have demonstrated a suppressive effect on airway remodeling in childhood severe asthma, and further clinical trials using airway imaging analysis are needed to ascertain the inhibitory effect of biological drugs on airway remodeling in severe childhood asthma. In this review, we describe the natural prognosis of lung function in childhood asthma and the risk of developing adult COPD, the pathophysiology of allergic airway inflammation and airway remodeling via Th2 cytokines, and the inhibitory effect of biological drugs on airway remodeling in childhood asthma.
Collapse
|
71
|
Çolak Y, Nordestgaard BG, Lange P, Vestbo J, Afzal S. Prognosis of Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Not Eligible for Major Clinical Trials. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2022; 206:271-280. [PMID: 35438616 PMCID: PMC9890252 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202110-2441oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Randomized controlled trials only include a subset of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) fulfilling strict inclusion criteria. Thus, most patients with COPD in a real-world setting do not have the necessary evidence to support treatment effectiveness. Objectives: To test the hypotheses that most individuals with COPD in the general population are not represented in major clinical trials despite clinically significant disease with exacerbations and early death. Methods: In 105,630 adults from a Danish contemporary population-based cohort, we defined COPD as age 40 or more years, chronic respiratory symptoms, history of smoking exposure, and airflow limitation with FEV1/FVC < 0.70. Outcomes included acute exacerbations and all-cause mortality. Symptomatic smokers without COPD were used as a reference group. Measurements and Main Results: Of all, 7,516 (7%) and 16,079 (15%) were symptomatic smokers with and without COPD. Only 44% of those with COPD were eligible for major clinical trials when applying FEV1 < 80% predicted, smoking history of 10 or more pack-years, and no comorbid asthma as common inclusion criteria. During the median 8.9 years of follow-up, we observed 2,130 acute exacerbations and 3,973 deaths in symptomatic smokers. Compared with symptomatic smokers without COPD, multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios for exacerbations were 7.45 (95% confidence interval, 5.41-10.3) and 29.0 (21.1-39.8) in those with COPD, respectively, excluded and eligible for clinical trials. Corresponding hazard ratios for all-cause mortality were 1.21 (1.11-1.31) and 1.67 (1.54-1.81), respectively. Conclusions: More than half of individuals with COPD in the general population are excluded from major clinical trials; however, these individuals have a clinically significant disease with exacerbations and early death compared with symptomatic smokers without COPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunus Çolak
- Department of Respiratory Medicine,,The Copenhagen General Population Study, and,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, and
| | - Børge G. Nordestgaard
- The Copenhagen General Population Study, and,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital – Herlev and Gentofte, Copenhagen, Denmark;,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, and
| | - Peter Lange
- Department of Respiratory Medicine,,The Copenhagen General Population Study, and,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, and,Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; and
| | - Jørgen Vestbo
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, and Manchester University National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Shoaib Afzal
- The Copenhagen General Population Study, and,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital – Herlev and Gentofte, Copenhagen, Denmark;,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, and
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Yuan W, Thiboutot J, Park HC, Li A, Loube J, Mitzner W, Yarmus L, Brown RH, Li X. Direct Visualization and Quantitative Imaging of Small Airway Anatomy In Vivo Using Deep Learning Assisted Diffractive OCT. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2022; PP:10.1109/TBME.2022.3188173. [PMID: 35786546 PMCID: PMC9842112 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2022.3188173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE/BACKGROUND In vivo imaging and quantification of the microstructures of small airways in three dimensions (3D) allows a better understanding and management of airway diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). At present, the resolution and contrast of the currently available conventional optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging technologies operating at 1300 nm remain challenging to directly visualize the fine microstructures of small airways in vivo. METHODS We developed an ultrahigh-resolution diffractive endoscopic OCT at 800 nm to afford a resolving power of 1.7 µm (in tissue) with an improved contrast and a custom deep residual learning based image segmentation framework to perform accurate and automated 3D quantification of airway anatomy. RESULTS The 800-nm diffractive OCT enabled the direct delineation of the structural components in the small airway wall in vivo. We further first demonstrated the 3D anatomic quantification of critical tissue compartments of small airways in sheep using the automated segmentation method. CONCLUSION The deep learning assisted diffractive OCT provides a unique ability to access the small airways, directly visualize and quantify the important tissue compartments, such as airway smooth muscle, in the airway wall in vivo in 3D. SIGNIFICANCE These pilot results suggest a potential technology for calculating volumetric measurements of small airways in patients in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wu Yuan
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering and Shun Hing Institute of Advanced Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jeffrey Thiboutot
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Hyeon-cheol Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ang Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Jeffrey Loube
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Wayne Mitzner
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Lonny Yarmus
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Robert H. Brown
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Xingde Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Role of CD4+ T and CD8+ T Lymphocytes-Mediated Cellular Immunity in Pathogenesis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:1429213. [PMID: 35785027 PMCID: PMC9242747 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1429213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This work was to explore the changes of T lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood of patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (AECOPD) and the role of cellular immunity mediated in the disease process. Eighty-six patients with AECOPD who visited Qingdao Hiser Medical Center from June 2020 to December 2021 and 30 healthy people (controls) who underwent health examination in the same period were selected. The differences of pulmonary function (PF), arterial blood gas (ABG), blood routine inflammatory indexes, T lymphocyte and T lymphocyte subsets were compared between the two groups, and the correlation between T lymphocyte subsets and each index was analyzed. There were clear differences in PF, ABG, and PB inflammation indexes between AECOPD patients and the controls (P <0.05). Compared with the controls, the CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ ratio in PB of AECOPD group were obviously decreased, and the CD8+ level was clearly increased (P <0.05); Th1 of CD4+ cell subsets and Tc1 of CD8+ cell subsets were significantly increased, while Th2 of CD4+ cell subsets and Tc2 of CD8+ cell subsets were obviously decreased (P <0.05). However, CD4+ was significantly positively correlated with lung function indexes, and significantly negatively correlated with neutrophils/lymphocytes and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (P <0.05) and significantly positively correlated with Hs-CRP (P <0.05). In summary, CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes were involved in the occurrence and occurrence of AECOPD, the decrease of CD4+ and the increase of CD8+ may promote the deterioration of COPD.
Collapse
|
74
|
Christenson SA, Smith BM, Bafadhel M, Putcha N. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Lancet 2022; 399:2227-2242. [PMID: 35533707 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(22)00470-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 127.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of morbidity, mortality, and health-care use worldwide. COPD is caused by exposure to inhaled noxious particles, notably tobacco smoke and pollutants. However, the broad range of factors that increase the risk of development and progression of COPD throughout the life course are increasingly being recognised. Innovations in omics and imaging techniques have provided greater insight into disease pathobiology, which might result in advances in COPD prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Although few novel treatments have been approved for COPD in the past 5 years, advances have been made in targeting existing therapies to specific subpopulations using new biomarker-based strategies. Additionally, COVID-19 has undeniably affected individuals with COPD, who are not only at higher risk for severe disease manifestations than healthy individuals but also negatively affected by interruptions in health-care delivery and social isolation. This Seminar reviews COPD with an emphasis on recent advances in epidemiology, pathophysiology, imaging, diagnosis, and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A Christenson
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Sleep Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin M Smith
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mona Bafadhel
- School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nirupama Putcha
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Sikjær MG, Klitgaard A, Hilberg O, Løkke A. Parental COPD as a Risk Factor for the Development of COPD and Disease Severity in Offspring: A Systematic Scoping Review. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2022; 17:1323-1338. [PMID: 35706707 PMCID: PMC9188979 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s364899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is sparse literature on parental chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as a risk factor for the development of COPD in adult offspring, and the impact on disease severity. We aimed to map the literature reporting on the prevalence of and/or association between parental COPD and COPD in offspring, and to evaluate whether or not the literature reports on the severity of COPD or other health-related outcomes in offspring with parental COPD. Methods A systematic literature search in Embase and Ovid MEDLINE was performed in June 2021. Search terms revolved around COPD and predisposition. Results Thirteen studies were identified: 10 case–control studies, two cross-sectional studies and one cohort study. Population size varied from 44 to 2668 offspring cases; the distribution of female cases varied from 5% to 80% and mean age ranged from 27 to 65. Nine studies used an antecedents approach and evaluated the prevalence of parental COPD in patients with COPD, which ranged from 19% to 58%. Four studies used a descendants approach, by identifying patients with COPD and subsequently evaluated prevalence of COPD in their offspring, and found a prevalence of 0% to 17%. Apart from one, all the studies found an increased odds ratio for COPD in individuals with parental COPD. Four studies reported on parental smoking history and nine studies reported on smoking history in offspring. Three studies evaluated the association between parental COPD and COPD-related outcomes in patients with COPD. Conclusion This review indicates that parental COPD is associated with a higher risk of COPD in offspring. The literature is sparse, and we identified a knowledge gap on whether parental COPD is a risk factor for severe COPD and other health conditions in offspring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melina Gade Sikjær
- Department of Medicine, Lillebaelt Hospital, Vejle, Denmark
- Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Correspondence: Melina Gade Sikjær, Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, J.B.Winsløws vej 19, 3, Odense, 5000, Denmark, Email
| | - Allan Klitgaard
- Department of Medicine, Lillebaelt Hospital, Vejle, Denmark
- Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ole Hilberg
- Department of Medicine, Lillebaelt Hospital, Vejle, Denmark
- Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Anders Løkke
- Department of Medicine, Lillebaelt Hospital, Vejle, Denmark
- Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Jarenbäck L, Frantz S, Weidner J, Ankerst J, Nihlén U, Bjermer L, Wollmer P, Tufvesson E. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the sulfatase-modifying factor 1 gene are associated with lung function and COPD. ERJ Open Res 2022; 8:00668-2021. [PMID: 35586453 PMCID: PMC9108960 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00668-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in various genes have been shown to associate with COPD, suggesting a role in disease pathogenesis. Sulfatase modifying factor (SUMF1) is a key modifier in connective tissue remodelling, and we have shown previously that several SNPs in SUMF1 are associated with COPD. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between SUMF1 SNPs and advanced lung function characteristics. Never-, former and current smokers with (n=154) or without (n=405) COPD were genotyped for 21 SNPs in SUMF1 and underwent spirometry, body plethysmography, diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (D LCO) measurement and impulse oscillometry. Four SNPs (rs793391, rs12634248, rs2819590 and rs304092) showed a significantly decreased odds ratio of having COPD when heterozygous for the variance allele, together with a lower forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio and an impaired peripheral resistance and reactance. Moreover, individuals homozygous for the variance allele of rs3864051 exhibited a strong association to COPD, a lower FEV1/FVC, FEV1 and D LCO, and an impaired peripheral resistance and reactance. Other SNPs (rs4685744, rs2819562, rs2819561 and rs11915920) were instead associated with impaired lung volumes and exhibited a lower FVC, total lung capacity and alveolar volume, in individuals having the variance allele. Several SNPs in the SUMF1 gene are shown to be associated with COPD and impaired lung function. These genetic variants of SUMF1 may cause a deficient sulfation balance in the extracellular matrix of the lung tissue, thereby contributing to the development of COPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linnea Jarenbäck
- Dept of Clinical Sciences Lund, Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sophia Frantz
- Dept of Translational Science, Clinical Physiology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Julie Weidner
- Dept of Clinical Sciences Lund, Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jaro Ankerst
- Dept of Clinical Sciences Lund, Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ulf Nihlén
- Dept of Clinical Sciences Lund, Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Leif Bjermer
- Dept of Clinical Sciences Lund, Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Per Wollmer
- Dept of Translational Science, Clinical Physiology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ellen Tufvesson
- Dept of Clinical Sciences Lund, Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Lundberg B, Gruzieva O, Eneroth K, Melén E, Persson Å, Hallberg J, Pershagen G. Air pollution exposure impairs lung function in infants. Acta Paediatr 2022; 111:1788-1794. [PMID: 35582781 PMCID: PMC9543871 DOI: 10.1111/apa.16412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Aim To assess associations between air pollution exposure and infant lung function. Methods Healthy infants from Stockholm were recruited to two cohorts (n = 99 and n = 78). Infant spirometry included plethysmography and raised volume forced expiratory flows. In pooled analyses, lung function at ~6 months of age was related to time‐weighted average air pollution levels at residential addresses from birth until the lung function test. The pollutants included particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter < 10 μm (PM10) or <2.5 μm and nitrogen dioxide. Results There were significant inverse relations between air pollution exposure during infancy and forced expiratory volume at 0.5 s (FEV0.5) as well as forced vital capacity (FVC) for all pollutants. For example, the decline was 10.1 ml (95% confidence interval 1.3–18.8) and 10.3 ml (0.5–20.1) in FEV0.5 and FVC, respectively, for an interquartile increment of 5.3 μg/m3 in PM10. Corresponding associations for minute ventilation and functional residual capacity were 43.3 ml/min (−9.75–96.3) and 0.84 ml (−4.14–5.82). Conclusions Air pollution exposure was associated with impaired infant lung function measures related to airway calibre and lung volume, suggesting that comparatively low levels of air pollution negatively affect lung function in early life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Björn Lundberg
- Department of Clinical Science and Education Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset Stockholm Sweden
| | - Olena Gruzieva
- Institute of Environmental Medicine Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm Stockholm Sweden
| | - Kristina Eneroth
- Environment and Health Administration, SLB‐analys Stockholm Sweden
| | - Erik Melén
- Department of Clinical Science and Education Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset Stockholm Sweden
| | - Åsa Persson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Jenny Hallberg
- Department of Clinical Science and Education Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset Stockholm Sweden
| | - Göran Pershagen
- Institute of Environmental Medicine Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm Stockholm Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Hong ZN, Weng K, Chen Z, Peng K, Kang M. Difference between “Lung Age” and Real Age as a Novel Predictor of Postoperative Complications, Long-Term Survival for Patients with Esophageal Cancer after Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy. Front Surg 2022; 9:794553. [PMID: 36034372 PMCID: PMC9406278 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.794553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to investigate whether the difference between “lung age” and real age (L–R) could be useful for the prediction of postoperative complications and long-term survival in patients with esophageal cancer followed by minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE). Methods This retrospective cohort study included 625 consecutive patients who had undergone MIE. “Lung age” was determined by the calculation method proposed by the Japanese Respiratory Society. According to L–R, patients were classified into three groups: group A: L–R ≦ 0 (n = 104), group B: 15 > L–R > 0 (n = 199), group C: L–R ≥ 15 (n = 322). Clinicopathological factors, postoperative complications evaluated by comprehensive complications index (CCI), and overall survival were compared between the groups. A CCI value >30 indicated a severe postoperative complication. Results Male, smoking status, smoking index, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, American Society of Anesthesiologists status, lung age, and forced expiratory volume in 1 s were associated with group classification. CCI values, postoperative hospital stays, and hospital costs were significantly different among groups. Multivariate analysis indicated that L–R, coronary heart disease, and 3-field lymphadenectomy were significant factors for predicting CCI value >30. Regarding the prediction of CCI value >30, area under the curve value was 0.61(95%: 0.56–0.67), 0.46 (95% CI, 0.40–0.54), and 0.46 (95% CI, 0.40–0.54) for L–R, Fev1, and Fev1%, respectively. Regarding overall survival, there was a significant difference between group A and group B + C (log-rank test: p = 0.03). Conclusions Esophageal cancer patients with impaired pulmonary function had a higher risk of severe postoperative complications and poorer prognosis than those with normal pulmonary function. The difference between “lung age” and “real age” seems to be a novel and potential predictor of severe postoperative complications and long-term survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Nuan Hong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Correspondence: Mingqiang Kang Zhi-Nuan Hong
| | - Kai Weng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Kaiming Peng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mingqiang Kang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Correspondence: Mingqiang Kang Zhi-Nuan Hong
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
Effective-Component Compatibility of Bufei Yishen Formula III Combined with Electroacupuncture Suppresses Inflammatory Response in Rats with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease via Regulating SIRT1/NF- κB Signaling. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:3360771. [PMID: 35586807 PMCID: PMC9110177 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3360771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective To explore more efficient treatments for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), effective-component compatibility of Bufei Yishen formula III (ECC-BYF III) and electroacupuncture were tested on rats with COPD, and silent information regulator transcript-1 (SIRT1)/nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) signaling was further investigated to interpret the therapy. Methods In total, 70 rats were randomly divided into control (Control), model (Model), aminophylline (APL), ECC-BYF III, electroacupuncture (EA), ECC-BYF III+EA, and sham electroacupuncture (SA) groups. Cigarette smoke exposure combined with repeated bacterial infections was used to establish COPD models in 1-12 weeks. From 13 to 20 weeks, the ECC-BYF III and APL groups received corresponding drugs; the EA group received electroacupuncture therapy, wherein Dazhui (GV 14), Feishu (BL 13), and Shenshu (BL 23) points were selected; the ECC-BYF III+EA group received ECC-BYF III intragastrically combined with electroacupuncture; and the SA group received simulated electroacupuncture (nonacupoint). Pulmonary function, pulmonary histopathology, the expressions of SIRT1/NF-κB signaling, and inflammation-related mRNA and protein were detected. Results Significant deterioration was observed in pulmonary function and pulmonary histopathology in rats with COPD (P < 0.01), and inflammatory state was illustrated by increased levels of interleukin- (IL-) 6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and decreased levels of IL-10 (P < 0.01). After the intervention of APL, ECC-BYF III, EA, and ECC-BYF III+EA, both pulmonary function and pulmonary histopathology were improved (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01), whereas the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were decreased and IL-10 was increased (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01). Additionally, the mRNA expressions of IL-6, TNF-α, NF-κB, and acetylated NF-κBp65 (Ac-NF-κB) were noted to decrease, and SIRT1 and IL-10 were increased (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01); the protein expression of SIRT1 was upregulated, and NF-κBp65 and Ac-NF-κB were downregulated (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01). The effect of ECC-BYF III+EA was better in terms of improving pulmonary function and alleviating inflammation than that of the other treatment groups (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05). Conclusions ECC-BYF III, electroacupuncture, and their combination can suppress inflammation, among which the combination therapy has been proven to be the most effective treatment, and the mechanism may be involved in activating SIRT1/NF-κB signaling.
Collapse
|
80
|
Tang L, Zhong X, Gong H, Tuerxun M, Ma T, Ren J, Xie C, Zheng A, Abudureheman Z, Abudukadeer A, Aini P, Yilamujiang S, Li L. Analysis of the association of ANO3/MUC15, COL4A4, RRBP1, and KLK1 polymorphisms with COPD susceptibility in the Kashi population. BMC Pulm Med 2022; 22:178. [PMID: 35513865 PMCID: PMC9074245 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-022-01975-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex, multifactorial, polygenic disease. The rate of occurrence of COPD in the Kashi population (Uyghur) is significantly higher than that observed nationwide. The identification of COPD-related genes in the Chinese Uyghur population could provide useful insights that could help us understand this phenomenon. Our previous whole-exome sequencing study of three Uyghur families with COPD demonstrated that 72 mutations in 55 genes might be associated with COPD; these included rs15783G > A in the anoctamin 3 (ANO3) gene/mucin 15 (MUC15) gene, rs1800517G > A in the collagen type IV alpha 4 chain (COL4A4) gene, rs11960G > A in the ribosome binding protein 1 (RRBP1) gene, and rs5516C > G in the kallikrein 1 (KLK1) gene. This case–control study aimed to further validate the association of the four mutations with COPD in the Chinese Uyghur population. Methods Sanger sequencing was used for the genotyping of four polymorphisms (ANO3/MUC15 rs15783, COL4A4 rs1800517, RRBP1 rs11960, and KLK1 rs5516) in 541 unrelated Uyghur COPD patients and 534 Uyghur healthy controls. We then conducted stratified analyses based on the smoking status and airflow limitation severity, to explore the correlation between selected gene polymorphisms and COPD. Results ANO3/MUC15 rs15783 and KLK1 rs5516 polymorphisms could significantly reduce COPD risk (p < 0.05), but COL4A4 rs1800517 and RRBP1 rs11960 polymorphisms were not correlated with COPD in the entire population. In a stratified analysis of smoking status, non-smokers with the ANO3/MUC15 rs15783G/G genotype (OR = 0.63, p = 0.032) or COL4A4 rs1800517 allele G (OR = 0.80, p = 0.023) had a reduced risk of COPD. Smokers with the RRBP1 rs11960A/G genotype had a lower risk of COPD (OR = 0.41, p = 0.025). The KLK1 rs5516G > C polymorphism was associated with a decreased risk of COPD (OR < 1, p < 0.05), irrespective of the smoking status of individuals. No significant association with COPD severity was observed in individuals with these four polymorphisms (p > 0.05). Conclusion We identified four previously unreported mutations (ANO3/MUC15 rs15783, COL4A4 rs1800517, RRBP1 rs11960, and KLK1 rs5516) that might decrease the COPD risk in individuals with different smoking statuses in the Chinese Uyghur population. Our findings provide new light for the genetic risk factors associated with the occurrence of COPD. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12890-022-01975-3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Tang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First People's Hospital of Kashi, Kashi, 844000, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemei Zhong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First People's Hospital of Kashi, Kashi, 844000, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Gong
- Clinical Research Center of Infectious Diseases (Pulmonary Tuberculosis), First People's Hospital of Kashi, Kashi, 844000, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Maimaitiaili Tuerxun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First People's Hospital of Kashi, Kashi, 844000, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First People's Hospital of Kashi, Kashi, 844000, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Ren
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First People's Hospital of Kashi, Kashi, 844000, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengxin Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First People's Hospital of Kashi, Kashi, 844000, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Aifang Zheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First People's Hospital of Kashi, Kashi, 844000, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zulipikaer Abudureheman
- Clinical Research Center of Infectious Diseases (Pulmonary Tuberculosis), First People's Hospital of Kashi, Kashi, 844000, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ayiguzali Abudukadeer
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First People's Hospital of Kashi, Kashi, 844000, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Paierda Aini
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First People's Hospital of Kashi, Kashi, 844000, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Subinuer Yilamujiang
- Clinical Research Center of Infectious Diseases (Pulmonary Tuberculosis), First People's Hospital of Kashi, Kashi, 844000, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First People's Hospital of Kashi, Kashi, 844000, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China. .,Clinical Research Center of Infectious Diseases (Pulmonary Tuberculosis), First People's Hospital of Kashi, Kashi, 844000, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
Tong R, Wang Y, Zhao X, Yang X. Modeling health impacts of air pollutant emissions from the coal-fired power industry based on LCA and oriented by WTP: a case study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:34486-34499. [PMID: 35038098 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18561-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Coal-fired power plants are one of the major sources of coal consumption in China; they discharge various air pollutants and cause serious human health damage. There is an urgent need to focus on the associated health effects. Thus, this study aims to advance an integrated life cycle assessment (LCA)-based health damage model to quantify the health burden of air pollutant emissions from coal-fired power generation (CFPG) and to achieve an economic interpretation of health damage. A case study of the Zaozhuang coal-fired power project was conducted to better visualize and mitigate the impacts. The results reveal that willingness to pay (WTP) for health damage caused by the CFPG project in 1 year amounted to USD 15.71 million, and the total amount of life lost was 155.81 years. During the CFPG process, coal combustion caused the most health damage, respiratory disease was the type of damage with the greatest influence on health, and SO2 was the air pollutant that causes the most serious health damage. The model developed in this study can be broadly applied to assess the potential life loss due to air pollutant emissions from CFPG systems. The identified key points for health damage prevention can also be used as practical solutions for decision-making regarding the prioritization of control sources for environmental management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruipeng Tong
- School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Haidian District, D11 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yiran Wang
- School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Haidian District, D11 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xu Zhao
- School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Haidian District, D11 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiaoyi Yang
- School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Haidian District, D11 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100083, China.
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
Dual Orexin Receptor Antagonists (DORAs) as an Adjunct Treatment for Smoking Cessation. CNS Drugs 2022; 36:411-417. [PMID: 35451800 DOI: 10.1007/s40263-022-00918-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Smoking is recognized as the most avoidable cause for multiplicity of chronic diseases. However, smoking cessation rates remain low, in part due to the limited target engagement of the currently approved medications for smoking cessation. Sleep is a promising focus for increasing smoking cessation rates because smokers' sleep problems are exacerbated during the first week of smoking abstinence and are associated with poor smoking cessation outcomes. Furthermore, the currently approved smoking cessation pharmacological agents varenicline and nicotine replacement treatment exacerbate sleep problems beyond what would be observed as a consequence of natural nicotine withdrawal. Addressing sleep problems with dual orexin receptor antagonists (DORAs) is positioned to remedy the shortcoming of overlooking sleep as a viable smoking cessation intervention target. Based on previous animal literature, DORA agents suvorexant and lemborexant may accomplish this by diminishing withdrawal difficulty and reducing nicotine cravings. The pharmacologic focus is the orexin system, not only because orexin peptides mediate the sleep-wake cycle, but also because DORA agents have a milder adverse event profile over previous treatments for insomnia. A novel adjunct DORA treatment to a currently approved smoking cessation pharmacotherapy holds a potential to reduce morbidity and mortality caused by smoking.
Collapse
|
83
|
Lifelong Lung Sequelae of Prematurity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19095273. [PMID: 35564667 PMCID: PMC9104309 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The clinical, functional, and structural pattern of chronic lung disease of prematurity has changed enormously in last years, mirroring a better perinatal management and an increasing lung immaturity with the survival of increasingly premature infants. Respiratory symptoms and lung function impairment related to prematurity seem to improve over time, but premature birth increases the likelihood of lung function impairment in late childhood, predisposing to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is mandatory to identify those individuals born premature who are at risk for developing long-term lung disease through a better awareness of physicians, the use of standardized CT imaging scores, and a more comprehensive periodic lung function evaluation. The aim of this narrative review was to provide a systematic approach to lifelong respiratory symptoms, lung function impairment, and lung structural anomalies in order to better understand the specific role of prematurity on lung health.
Collapse
|
84
|
Drapkina OM, Kontsevaya AV, Kalinina AM, Avdeev SM, Agaltsov MV, Alexandrova LM, Antsiferova AA, Aronov DM, Akhmedzhanov NM, Balanova YA, Balakhonova TV, Berns SA, Bochkarev MV, Bochkareva EV, Bubnova MV, Budnevsky AV, Gambaryan MG, Gorbunov VM, Gorny BE, Gorshkov AY, Gumanova NG, Dadaeva VA, Drozdova LY, Egorov VA, Eliashevich SO, Ershova AI, Ivanova ES, Imaeva AE, Ipatov PV, Kaprin AD, Karamnova NS, Kobalava ZD, Konradi AO, Kopylova OV, Korostovtseva LS, Kotova MB, Kulikova MS, Lavrenova EA, Lischenko OV, Lopatina MV, Lukina YV, Lukyanov MM, Mayev IV, Mamedov MN, Markelova SV, Martsevich SY, Metelskaya VA, Meshkov AN, Milushkina OY, Mukaneeva DK, Myrzamatova AO, Nebieridze DV, Orlov DO, Poddubskaya EA, Popovich MV, Popovkina OE, Potievskaya VI, Prozorova GG, Rakovskaya YS, Rotar OP, Rybakov IA, Sviryaev YV, Skripnikova IA, Skoblina NA, Smirnova MI, Starinsky VV, Tolpygina SN, Usova EV, Khailova ZV, Shalnova SA, Shepel RN, Shishkova VN, Yavelov IS. 2022 Prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases in Of the Russian Federation. National guidelines. КАРДИОВАСКУЛЯРНАЯ ТЕРАПИЯ И ПРОФИЛАКТИКА 2022. [DOI: 10.15829/1728-8800-2022-3235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
|
85
|
Li C, Zhu T, Ma D, Chen Y, Bo L. Complications and safety analysis of diagnostic bronchoscopy in COPD: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Expert Rev Respir Med 2022; 16:555-565. [PMID: 35313123 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2022.2056023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often coexists with many diseases that require bronchoscopy. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the safety and complication rate of diagnostic bronchoscopy in patients with COPD. METHODS We retrieved clinical trials that reporting the complications of conducting diagnostic bronchoscopy on patients with COPD through electronic databases. Analyses of the overall major complication rate of bronchoscopy and potential risk factors in patients with COPD were conducted. RESULTS 18 trials/arms were evaluated. The overall major complication rate of bronchoscopy was 4.3% (95% CI, 2.2%-8.2%; 18 trials/arms, n = 2000). The major complication rate of the patients with an exacerbation of COPD was higher than that of the stable patients (7.8% vs. 4.5%, Q-value = 11.29, df (Q) = 1, p < 0.01); using of sedative medicine was also related with higher major complication rate (Q-value = 6.303, df (Q) = 2, p = 0.043). Patients with severe COPD who were GOLD stages III and IV (Q = 13.40, df = 1, p < 0.01; R2 = 0.66) or had a high BMI (Q = 30.83, df = 1, p < 0.01; R2 = 0.91) more easily encountered complications during bronchoscopy. CONCLUSIONS The major complication rate of diagnostic bronchoscopy in patients with COPD was acceptable and low Exacerbations of COPD and using sedative medicine were related with higher major complication rate. EXPERT OPINION COPD is a major risk factor for lung cancer and infection, so the patients with COPD often required bronchoscopy. Although our results showed diagnostic bronchoscopy might not be more fatal for patients with COPD, further studies are needed to explore the potential risk factors for major complications of bronchoscopy in patients with COPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Tianyi Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Debin Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Liyan Bo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, PR China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xi'an Chest Hospital, Xi'an, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
86
|
Baba RY, Zhang Y, Shao Y, Berger KI, Goldring RM, Liu M, Kazeros A, Rosen R, Reibman J. COPD in Smoking and Non-Smoking Community Members Exposed to the World Trade Center Dust and Fumes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19074249. [PMID: 35409931 PMCID: PMC8999000 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19074249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Background: The characteristics of community members exposed to World Trade Center (WTC) dust and fumes with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) can provide insight into mechanisms of airflow obstruction in response to an environmental insult, with potential implications for interventions. Methods: We performed a baseline assessment of respiratory symptoms, spirometry, small airway lung function measures using respiratory impulse oscillometry (IOS), and blood biomarkers. COPD was defined by the 2019 GOLD criteria for COPD. Patients in the WTC Environmental Health Center with <5 or ≥5 pack year smoking history were classified as nonsmoker-COPD (ns-COPD) or smoker-COPD (sm-COPD), respectively. Main Results: Between August 2005 and March 2018, 467 of the 3430 evaluated patients (13.6%) fit criteria for COPD. Among patients with COPD, 248 (53.1%) were ns-COPD. Patients with ns-COPD had measures of large airway function (FEV1) and small airway measures (R5−20, AX) that were less abnormal than those with sm-COPD. More ns-COPD compared to sm-COPD had a bronchodilator (BD) response measured by spirometry (24 vs. 14%, p = 0.008) or by IOS (36 vs. 21%, p = 0.002). Blood eosinophils did not differ between ns-COPD and sm-COPD, but blood neutrophils were higher in sm-COPD compared to ns-COPD (p < 0.001). Those with sm-COPD were more likely to be WTC local residents than ns-COPD (p = 0.007). Conclusions: Spirometry findings and small airway measures, as well as inflammatory markers, differed between patients with ns-COPD and sm-COPD. These findings suggest potential for differing mechanisms of airway injury in patients with WTC environmental exposures and have potential therapeutic implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ridhwan Y. Baba
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; (R.Y.B.); (K.I.B.); (R.M.G.); (A.K.)
| | - Yian Zhang
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population Health and Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (M.L.)
| | - Yongzhao Shao
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population Health and Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (M.L.)
| | - Kenneth I. Berger
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; (R.Y.B.); (K.I.B.); (R.M.G.); (A.K.)
| | - Roberta M. Goldring
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; (R.Y.B.); (K.I.B.); (R.M.G.); (A.K.)
| | - Mengling Liu
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population Health and Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (M.L.)
| | - Angeliki Kazeros
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; (R.Y.B.); (K.I.B.); (R.M.G.); (A.K.)
| | - Rebecca Rosen
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA;
| | - Joan Reibman
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; (R.Y.B.); (K.I.B.); (R.M.G.); (A.K.)
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
Wang L, Zhao H, Raman I, Yan M, Chen Q, Li QZ. Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Gene Expression in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: miRNA and mRNA Regulation. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:2167-2180. [PMID: 35392023 PMCID: PMC8983057 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s337894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lijing Wang
- Departments of Geriatrics, Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongjun Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Indu Raman
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Mei Yan
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Qiong Chen
- Departments of Geriatrics, Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Quan-Zhen Li
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
- Correspondence: Quan-Zhen Li, Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390, USA, Tel +1 214-645-6071, Fax +1 214-645-6074, Email
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
Pando‐Sandoval A, Ruano‐Ravina A, Candal‐Pedreira C, Rodríguez‐García C, Represas‐Represas C, Golpe R, Fernández‐Villar A, Pérez‐Ríos M. Risk factors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in never‐smokers: A systematic review. THE CLINICAL RESPIRATORY JOURNAL 2022; 16:261-275. [PMID: 35142054 PMCID: PMC9060104 DOI: 10.1111/crj.13479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Relatively little is known about the risk factors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in never‐smokers, and these factors have not yet been fully characterised. This study therefore sought to analyse COPD risk factors in never‐smokers by conducting a systematic review of the literature on the topic. Materials and methods We performed a search in PubMed (Medline) and Embase from 2000 onwards, to locate studies on COPD in never‐smokers. For literature search and evidence synthesis purposes, we used the PRISMA guidelines and drew up a specific quality scale to quantify the evidence of each study included. Results The bibliographic search retrieved a total of 557 papers, 20 of which fulfilled the designated inclusion criteria (two case–control studies, four cohort studies and 14 cross‐sectional studies). These studies were undertaken in Europe, the United States, Latin America, Asia and Africa. The risk factors for never‐smokers were varied and ranged from exposure to biomass, occupational exposure and passive smoking to having a history of asthma, tuberculosis or respiratory infections during childhood. The effect of residential radon was unclear. The highest risk was obtained for previous respiratory diseases of any type, with a magnitude much higher than that observed for other risk factors. Conclusions There are few studies on COPD risk factors in never‐smokers. More purpose‐designed studies in this subpopulation are thus called for, including well‐designed studies to specifically assess if indoor radon has any role on COPD onset.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Pando‐Sandoval
- Department of Pneumology Central University Teaching Hospital of Asturias Oviedo Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health University of Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Alberto Ruano‐Ravina
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health University of Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública‐ CIBERESP) Madrid Spain
- Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela ‐ IDIS) Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Cristina Candal‐Pedreira
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health University of Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Carlota Rodríguez‐García
- Department of Pneumology University Clinical Teaching Hospital of Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Cristina Represas‐Represas
- Department of Pneumology Alvaro Cunqueiro University Teaching Hospital, NeumoVigo I+i Research Group, Southern Galician Institute of Health Research (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur ‐ IISGS) Vigo Spain
| | - Rafael Golpe
- Department of Pneumology Lucus Augusti University Teaching Hospital Lugo Spain
- Grupo C039 Biodiscovery HULA‐USC Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Alberto Fernández‐Villar
- Department of Pneumology Alvaro Cunqueiro University Teaching Hospital, NeumoVigo I+i Research Group, Southern Galician Institute of Health Research (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur ‐ IISGS) Vigo Spain
| | - Mónica Pérez‐Ríos
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health University of Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública‐ CIBERESP) Madrid Spain
- Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela ‐ IDIS) Santiago de Compostela Spain
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
Green Fences for Buenos Aires: Implementing Green Infrastructure for (More than) Air Quality. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14074129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Schoolyards in North America and Europe are increasingly using green fences as one measure to protect vulnerable populations from localised air pollution. This paper assesses the possibilities and limits for mobilising this format of site-specific green infrastructure in cities in low- and middle-income countries beset by air pollution and multiple other socio-environmental challenges, and particularly questions the definition of green fences as a green infrastructure for air quality (GI4AQ). We applied several qualitative and action research methods to the question of green fence implementation in Buenos Aires, Argentina—a Latin American city with weak air-quality policies, limited green infrastructure, and little experience with nature-based solutions. Firstly, we conducted a literature review of the role that urban vegetation and ecosystem services may play in AQ policy and the implementation barriers to such approaches globally and in the city. Secondly, we planned, designed, constructed, maintained, and evaluated a pilot green fence in a school playground. Thirdly, we carried out supplementary interviews with stakeholders and expert informants and compiled project members’ narratives to respectively characterise the barriers that the project encountered and delineate its attributes based on the associated actions that we took to overcome such barriers to implementation and complete the pilot. Our findings identify multiple barriers across seven known categories (institutional, engagement, political, socio-cultural, built environment and natural landscape, knowledge base and financial) and highlight examples not previously considered in the extant international literature. Furthermore, learning from this experience, the paper proposes an expanded model of green infrastructure for air quality plus multi-dimensional co-benefits (GI4AQ+) to increase implementation chances by attending to local needs and priorities.
Collapse
|
90
|
Röhl A, Baek SH, Kachroo P, Morrow JD, Tantisira K, Silverman EK, Weiss ST, Sharma A, Glass K, DeMeo DL. Protein interaction networks provide insight into fetal origins of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respir Res 2022; 23:69. [PMID: 35331221 PMCID: PMC8944072 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-01963-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of death in adults that may have origins in early lung development. It is a complex disease, influenced by multiple factors including genetic variants and environmental factors. Maternal smoking during pregnancy may influence the risk for diseases during adulthood, potentially through epigenetic modifications including methylation. METHODS In this work, we explore the fetal origins of COPD by utilizing lung DNA methylation marks associated with in utero smoke (IUS) exposure, and evaluate the network relationships between methylomic and transcriptomic signatures associated with adult lung tissue from former smokers with and without COPD. To identify potential pathobiological mechanisms that may link fetal lung, smoke exposure and adult lung disease, we study the interactions (physical and functional) of identified genes using protein-protein interaction networks. RESULTS We build IUS-exposure and COPD modules, which identify connected subnetworks linking fetal lung smoke exposure to adult COPD. Studying the relationships and connectivity among the different modules for fetal smoke exposure and adult COPD, we identify enriched pathways, including the AGE-RAGE and focal adhesion pathways. CONCLUSIONS The modules identified in our analysis add new and potentially important insights to understanding the early life molecular perturbations related to the pathogenesis of COPD. We identify AGE-RAGE and focal adhesion as two biologically plausible pathways that may reveal lung developmental contributions to COPD. We were not only able to identify meaningful modules but were also able to study interconnections between smoke exposure and lung disease, augmenting our knowledge about the fetal origins of COPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annika Röhl
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Seung Han Baek
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Priyadarshini Kachroo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jarrett D Morrow
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Kelan Tantisira
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
| | - Edwin K Silverman
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Scott T Weiss
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Amitabh Sharma
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Center for Complex Network Research, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kimberly Glass
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Dawn L DeMeo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
Zhang S, Luan X, Li H, Jin Z. Insulin-like growth factor-1: A potential target for bronchopulmonary dysplasia treatment (Review). Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:191. [PMID: 35126694 PMCID: PMC8794548 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a common respiratory disorder among preterm infants, particularly low-birth-weight infants (LBWIs) and very-low-birth-weight infants (VLBWIs). Although BPD was first reported 50 years ago, no specific drugs or efficient measures are yet available for prevention or treatment. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) belongs to the insulin family. It promotes mitosis and stimulates cell proliferation and DNA synthesis, the primary factors involved in pulmonary development during the fetal and postnatal periods. Several studies have reported that IGF-1 exerts certain effects on BPD genesis and progression by regulating BPD-related biological processes. In addition, exogenous addition of IGF-1 can alleviate lung inflammation, cell apoptosis and eliminate alveolar development disorders in children with BPD. These findings suggest that IGF-1 could be a new target for treating BPD. Here, we summarize and analyze the definition, pathogenesis, and research status of BPD, as well as the pathogenesis of IGF-1 in BPD and the latest findings in related biological processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shujian Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133000, P.R. China
| | - Xue Luan
- Department of Pediatrics, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Huiwen Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133000, P.R. China
| | - Zhengyong Jin
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
Ma Y, He X, Liu X, Long Y, Chen Y. Endothelial Microparticles Derived from Primary Pulmonary Microvascular Endothelial Cells Mediate Lung Inflammation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease by Transferring microRNA-126. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:1399-1411. [PMID: 35250291 PMCID: PMC8896043 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s349818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are considered to new types of intercellular communication media, and microRNA is one of the most common transferring components of EVs. This study aimed to explore the potential role of endothelial microparticles (EMPs) derived from primary pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells in regulating lung inflammation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) through transferring microRNA-126 (miR-126). Methods EMPs generated from primary pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells were isolated by gradient centrifugation and characterized by transmission electron microscopy, flow cytometry and Western blotting. EMPs were treated to in vitro and in vivo COPD models induced by cigarette smoke extract (CSE). miR-126 mimics or inhibitors were transfected into EMPs by calcium chloride. Pathological changes of lung tissue, mRNA and protein levels of inflammation-related factors were measured to explore the effect of EMPs transferring miR-126 on CSE-induced inflammation. Results Both in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that mRNA and protein levels of inflammation-related factors were significantly increased in COPD group, while EMPs could dramatically reverse these increases. In vitro, overexpression of miR-126 in EMPs decreased HMGB1 expression and magnified the decreasing effect of EMPs on inflammation-related factors. Conclusion The present study reveals that EMPs are capable of alleviating lung inflammation and transferring miR-126 can magnify the anti-inflammatory effect of EMPs, which may provide a novel therapeutic alternative for COPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangming Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingjiao Long
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yan Chen; Yingjiao Long, Email ;
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
Pando-Sandoval A, Ruano-Ravina A, Torres-Durán M, Dacal-Quintas R, Valdés-Cuadrado L, Hernández-Hernández JR, Consuegra-Vanegas A, Candal-Pedreira C, Varela-Lema L, Fernández-Villar A, Pérez-Ríos M. Residential radon and characteristics of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1381. [PMID: 35082364 PMCID: PMC8792000 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05421-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
It is not known whether residential radon exposure may be linked to the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and/or have an influence on the functional characteristics or exacerbations of COPD. The aim of this study was therefore to ascertain whether there might be an association between residential radon concentrations and certain characteristics of COPD. We analyzed COPD cases drawn from a case-control study conducted in an area of high radon exposure. Data were collected on spirometric pulmonary function variables, hospital admissions, and smoking. Radon measurements were taken using alpha-track-type CR-39 detectors individually placed in patients' homes. All statistical analyses were performed using the IBM SPSS v22 computer software program. The study included 189 COPD cases (79.4% men; median age 64 years). The median radon concentration was 157 Bq/m3. No differences were found between radon concentration and sex, age or severity of breathing obstruction as measured by FEV1%. It should be noted, however, that 48.1% of patients with FEV1% < 50 had radon concentrations below 100 Bq/m3, as compared to 35.6% with the same severity of obstruction who had over 300 Bq/m3. COPD cases with radon concentrations higher than > 600 Bq/m3 exhibited no different characteristics in lung function. Exposure to radon does not appear to have an influence on the clinical characteristics of smokers and ex-smokers with COPD. As exposure to residential radon increases, there is no trend towards a worsening of FEV1%. Further studies are thus needed to analyze this possible association in never-smokers with COPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Pando-Sandoval
- Department of Pneumology, Central University Teaching Hospital of Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, C/San Francisco s/n, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Alberto Ruano-Ravina
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, C/San Francisco s/n, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública- CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
- Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela - IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - María Torres-Durán
- Department of Pneumology, University Teaching Hospital Complex of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
- PneumoVigoI+I Research Group, Southern Galician Institute of Health Research (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur - IISGS), Vigo, Spain
| | - Raquel Dacal-Quintas
- Department of Pneumology, University Teaching Hospital Complex of Ourense, Ourense, Spain
| | - Luis Valdés-Cuadrado
- Department of Pneumology, University Clinical Teaching Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | | | - Cristina Candal-Pedreira
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, C/San Francisco s/n, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Leonor Varela-Lema
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, C/San Francisco s/n, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública- CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Fernández-Villar
- Department of Pneumology, University Teaching Hospital Complex of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
- PneumoVigoI+I Research Group, Southern Galician Institute of Health Research (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur - IISGS), Vigo, Spain
| | - Mónica Pérez-Ríos
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, C/San Francisco s/n, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública- CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela - IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Sørensen KG, Øymar K, Dalen I, Halvorsen T, Mikalsen IB. Asthma, atopy and lung function in young adults after hospitalisation for bronchiolitis in infancy: impact of virus and sex. BMJ Open Respir Res 2022; 9:9/1/e001095. [PMID: 35046087 PMCID: PMC8772454 DOI: 10.1136/bmjresp-2021-001095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hospitalisation for bronchiolitis is a risk factor for asthma and impaired lung function during childhood, but outcomes in young adults are poorly described. Our primary aim was to study the prevalence of asthma and atopy, and lung function at 17–20 years of age after bronchiolitis in infancy and, secondarily, the impact of viral aetiology (respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vs non-RSV) and sex on these outcomes. Methods This Norwegian cohort study enrolled 225 young adults hospitalised for bronchiolitis in infancy during 1996–2001 and 167 matched control subjects. The follow-up included questionnaires for asthma and examinations of lung function and atopy. Outcomes were analysed by mixed effects regressions. Results Current asthma was more frequent in the postbronchiolitis group versus the control group: 25.1% (95% CI 19.0% to 31.2%) vs 13.1% (95% CI 7.9% to 18.2%), but not atopy: 44.3% (95% CI 37.1% to 51.5%) vs 48.2% (95% CI 40.5% to 55.8%), adjusted predicted proportions (95% CIs). Asthma prevalence did not differ between the RSV group and the non-RSV group: 24.0% (95% CI 16.1% to 32.0%) vs 23.8% (95% CI 12.8% to 34.7%) nor between sexes. Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), the ratio FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC), and forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of FVC, were lower in the postbronchiolitis group. Conclusion Young adults hospitalised for bronchiolitis had higher prevalence of asthma, but not atopy, and a more obstructive lung function pattern than control subjects. The asthma prevalence was high after both RSV bronchiolitis and non-RSV bronchiolitis, and there was no difference between sexes. Bronchiolitis in infancy is associated with respiratory morbidity persisting into young adulthood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Galta Sørensen
- Department of Paediatrics, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway .,Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Knut Øymar
- Department of Paediatrics, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.,Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ingvild Dalen
- Department of Research, Section of Biostatistics, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Thomas Halvorsen
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Paediatric Department, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ingvild Bruun Mikalsen
- Department of Paediatrics, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.,Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
95
|
Tieges Z, Georgiou M, Smith N, Morison G, Chastin S. Investigating the association between regeneration of urban blue spaces and risk of incident chronic health conditions stratified by neighbourhood deprivation: A population-based retrospective study, 2000-2018. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2022; 240:113923. [PMID: 35045385 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2022.113923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Chronic non-communicable diseases are leading causes of poor health and mortality worldwide, disproportionately affecting people in highly deprived areas. We undertook a population-based, retrospective study of 137,032 residents in Glasgow, Scotland, to investigate the association between proximity to urban blue spaces and incident chronic health conditions during a canal regeneration programme. Hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for age and sex, with the incidence of a given health condition as the dependent variable. The analyses were stratified by socioeconomic deprivation tertiles. We found that, in areas in the highest deprivation tertile, proximity to blue space was associated with a lower risk of incident cardiovascular disease (HR 0.85, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.76-0.95), hypertension (HR 0.85, 95% CI 0.79-0.92), diabetes (HR 0.88, 95% CI 0.83-0.94), stroke (HR 0.85, 95% CI 0.77-0.94) and obesity (HR 0.90, 95% CI 0.86-0.94), but not chronic pulmonary disease, after adjusting for age and sex covariates. In middle and low deprivation tertiles, living closer to the canal was associated with a higher risk of incident chronic pulmonary disease (middle: HR 1.56, 95% CI 1.24-1.97, low: HR 1.34, 95% CI 1.05-1.73). Moreover, in the middle deprivation tertile, a higher risk of stroke (HR 1.36, 95% CI 1.02-1.81) and obesity (HR 1.14, 95% CI 1.01-1.29) was observed. We conclude that exposure to blue infrastructure could be leveraged to mitigate some of the health inequalities in cities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zoë Tieges
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, 70 Cowcaddens Road, Glasgow, G4 0BA, Scotland, UK; SMART Technology Centre, School of Computing, Engineering and Built Environment, Glasgow Caledonian University, 70 Cowcaddens Road, Glasgow, G4 0BA, Scotland, UK; Geriatric Medicine, Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, 51 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4SA, Scotland, UK.
| | - Michail Georgiou
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, 70 Cowcaddens Road, Glasgow, G4 0BA, Scotland, UK.
| | - Niamh Smith
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, 70 Cowcaddens Road, Glasgow, G4 0BA, Scotland, UK.
| | - Gordon Morison
- SMART Technology Centre, School of Computing, Engineering and Built Environment, Glasgow Caledonian University, 70 Cowcaddens Road, Glasgow, G4 0BA, Scotland, UK; School of Computing, Engineering and Built Environment, Glasgow Caledonian University, 70 Cowcaddens Road, Glasgow, G4 0BA, Scotland, UK.
| | - Sebastien Chastin
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, 70 Cowcaddens Road, Glasgow, G4 0BA, Scotland, UK; Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
WANG M, WANG W, WANG J, ZHANG J. MiR-155 contribute to airway inflammation in COPD by regulating autophagy via targeting TLR4/NF-ΚB. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.44321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Wendong WANG
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Jiashun WANG
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Jun ZHANG
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
Yu Z, Xu C, Fang C, Zhang F. Causal effect of iron status on lung function: A Mendelian randomization study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1025212. [PMID: 36590211 PMCID: PMC9798299 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1025212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The association between systemic iron status and lung function was conflicting in observational studies. We aim to explore the potential causal relationships between iron status and the levels of lung function using the two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) design. Methods Genetic instruments associated with iron status biomarkers were retrieved from the Genetics of Iron Status (GIS) consortium (N = 48,972). Summary statistics of these genetic instruments with lung function were extracted from a meta-analysis of UK Biobank and SpiroMeta consortium (N = 400,102). The main analyses were performed using the inverse-variance weighted method, and complemented by multiple sensitivity analyses. Results Based on conservative genetic instruments, MR analyses showed that genetically predicted higher iron (beta: 0.036 per 1 SD increase, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.016 to 0.056, P = 3.51 × 10-4), log10-transformed ferritin (beta: 0.081, 95% CI: 0.047 to 0.116, P = 4.11 × 10-6), and transferrin saturation (beta: 0.027, 95% CI: 0.015 to 0.038, P = 1.09 × 10-5) were associated with increased forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), whereas higher transferrin was associated with decreased FEV1 (beta: -0.036, 95% CI: -0.064 to -0.008, P = 0.01). A significant positive association between iron status and forced vital capacity (FVC) was also observed. However, there is no causal association between iron status and FEV1-to-FVC ratio (P = 0.10). Similar results were obtained from the liberal instruments analyses and multiple sensitivity analyses. Conclusion Our study provided strong evidence to support that higher iron status is causally associated with higher levels of FEV1 and FVC, but has no impact on airway obstruction, confirming iron status as an important target for lung function management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Yu
- Department of General Medicine and Geriatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Cardiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Chengkai Xu
- Department of General Medicine and Geriatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenggang Fang
- Department of General Medicine and Geriatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fangfang Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
- *Correspondence: Fangfang Zhang
| |
Collapse
|
98
|
Attia EF, Moraa H, Maleche-Obimbo E, Wamalwa D, Gómez LA, Rylance S, Vundla R, Ferrand RA, Karr CJ, John-Stewart GC, Benki-Nugent SF. Most Early-Treated Children With Perinatally Acquired HIV Have Preserved Lung Function at School Age. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2022; 89:69-76. [PMID: 34878436 PMCID: PMC8665226 DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000002823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impaired lung function is common among older children with perinatally acquired HIV (PHIV) who initiated antiretroviral therapy (ART) late in childhood. We determined the prevalence of abnormal spirometry and cofactors for impaired lung function among school-age children with PHIV who initiated ART when aged 12 months or younger. SETTING Children who received early ART in the Optimizing Pediatric HIV-1 Therapy study in Kenya and underwent spirometry at school age. METHODS Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were measured. Abnormal spirometry was defined as follows: obstructive (FEV1/FVC <1.64 z score [zFEV1/FVC]) and restricted (zFVC <1.64 with zFEV1/FVC ≥1.64). Characteristics, including anthropometric and HIV-related data, were ascertained in infancy and at school age. Caregiver carbon monoxide exposure served as a proxy for school-age child exposure. Linear regression determined associations of cofactors with lung function. RESULTS Among 40 children, the median age was 5 months at ART initiation and 8.5 years at spirometry. The mean zFEV1, zFVC, and zFEV1/FVC (SD) were 0.21 (1.35), 0.31 (1.22), and -0.24 (0.82), respectively. Five (13%) children had abnormal spirometry. Spirometry z scores were significantly lower among children with pre-ART pneumonia, WHO HIV stage 3/4, higher HIV RNA at 6 months after ART initiation, low anthropometric z scores, and higher carbon monoxide exposure. CONCLUSIONS Most of the children with PHIV who initiated ART at age 12 months or younger had normal spirometry, suggesting that ART in infancy preserved lung function. However, 13% had abnormal spirometry despite early ART. Modifiable factors were associated with impaired lung function, providing potential targets for interventions to prevent chronic lung disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Engi F. Attia
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Hellen Moraa
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Dalton Wamalwa
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Laurén A. Gómez
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Sarah Rylance
- Department of Global Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Rumbidzayi Vundla
- Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rashida A. Ferrand
- Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine J. Karr
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
99
|
Psychiatric comorbidity and risk of premature mortality and suicide among those with chronic respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes in Sweden: A nationwide matched cohort study of over 1 million patients and their unaffected siblings. PLoS Med 2022; 19:e1003864. [PMID: 35085232 PMCID: PMC8794193 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persons with noncommunicable diseases have elevated rates of premature mortality. The contribution of psychiatric comorbidity to this is uncertain. We aimed to determine the risks of premature mortality and suicide in people with common noncommunicable diseases, with and without psychiatric disorder comorbidity. METHODS AND FINDINGS We used nationwide registries to study all individuals born in Sweden between 1932 and 1995 with inpatient and outpatient diagnoses of chronic respiratory diseases (n = 249,825), cardiovascular diseases (n = 568,818), and diabetes (n = 255,579) for risks of premature mortality (≤age 65 years) and suicide until 31 December 2013. Patients diagnosed with either chronic respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, or diabetes were compared with age and sex-matched population controls (n = 10,345,758) and unaffected biological full siblings (n = 1,119,543). Comorbidity with any psychiatric disorder, and by major psychiatric categories, was examined using diagnoses from patient registers. Associations were quantified using stratified Cox regression models that accounted for time at risk, measured sociodemographic factors, and unmeasured familial confounders via sibling comparisons. Within 5 years of diagnosis, at least 7% (range 7.4% to 10.8%; P < 0.001) of patients with respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, or diabetes (median age at diagnosis: 48 to 54 years) had died from any cause, and 0.3% (0.3% to 0.3%; P < 0.001) had died from suicide, 25% to 32% of people with these medical conditions had co-occurring lifetime diagnoses of any psychiatric disorder, most of which antedated the medical diagnosis. Comorbid psychiatric disorders were associated with higher all-cause mortality (15.4% to 21.1%) when compared to those without such conditions (5.5% to 9.1%). Suicide mortality was also elevated (1.2% to 1.6% in comorbid patients versus 0.1% to 0.1% without comorbidity). When we compared relative risks with siblings without noncommunicable diseases and psychiatric disorders, the comorbidity with any psychiatric disorder was associated with substantially increased mortality rates (adjusted HR range: aHRCR = 7.2 [95% CI: 6.8 to 7.7; P < 0.001] to aHRCV = 8.9 [95% CI: 8.5 to 9.4; P < 0.001]). Notably, comorbid substance use disorders were associated with a higher mortality rate (aHR range: aHRCR = 8.3 [95% CI: 7.6 to 9.1; P < 0.001] to aHRCV = 9.9 [95% CI: 9.3 to 10.6; P < 0.001]) than depression (aHR range: aHRCR = 5.3 [95% CI: 4.7 to 5.9; P < 0.001] to aHRCV = 7.4 [95% CI: 7.0 to 7.9; P < 0.001]), but risks of suicide were similar for these 2 psychiatric comorbidities. One limitation is that we relied on secondary care data to assess psychiatric comorbidities, which may have led to missing some patients with less severe comorbidities. Residual genetic confounding is another limitation, given that biological full siblings share an average of half of their cosegregating genes. However, the reported associations remained large even after adjustment for shared and unmeasured familial confounders. CONCLUSIONS In this longitudinal study of over 1 million patients with chronic health diseases, we observed increased risks of all-cause and suicide mortality in individuals with psychiatric comorbidities. Improving assessment, treatment, and follow-up of people with comorbid psychiatric disorders may reduce the risk of mortality in people with chronic noncommunicable diseases.
Collapse
|
100
|
Decrue F, Gorlanova O, Salem Y, Vienneau D, de Hoogh K, Gisler A, Usemann J, Korten I, Nahum U, Sinues P, Schulzke S, Fuchs O, Latzin P, Röösli M, Frey U. Increased Impact of Air Pollution on Lung Function in Preterm versus Term Infants: The BILD Study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2022; 205:99-107. [PMID: 34587471 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202102-0272oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Infants born prematurely have impaired capacity to deal with oxidative stress shortly after birth. Objectives: We hypothesize that the relative impact of exposure to air pollution on lung function is higher in preterm than in term infants. Methods: In the prospective BILD (Basel-Bern Infant Lung Development) birth cohort of 254 preterm and 517 term infants, we investigated associations of particulate matter ⩽10 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM10) and nitrogen dioxide with lung function at 44 weeks' postconceptional age and exhaled markers of inflammation and oxidative stress response (fractional exhaled nitric oxide [FeNO]) in an explorative hypothesis-driven study design. Multilevel mixed-effects models were used and adjusted for known confounders. Measurements and Main Results: Significant associations of PM10 during the second trimester of pregnancy with lung function and FeNO were found in term and preterm infants. Importantly, we observed stronger positive associations in preterm infants (born 32-36 wk), with an increase of 184.9 (95% confidence interval [CI], 79.1-290.7) ml/min [Formula: see text]e per 10-μg/m3 increase in PM10, than in term infants (75.3; 95% CI, 19.7-130.8 ml/min) (pprematurity × PM10 interaction = 0.04, after multiple comparison adjustment padj = 0.09). Associations of PM10 and FeNO differed between moderate to late preterm (3.4; 95% CI, -0.1 to 6.8 ppb) and term (-0.3; 95% CI, -1.5 to 0.9 ppb) infants, and the interaction with prematurity was significant (pprematurity × PM10 interaction = 0.006, padj = 0.036). Conclusions: Preterm infants showed significantly higher susceptibility even to low to moderate prenatal air pollution exposure than term infants, leading to increased impairment of postnatal lung function. FeNO results further elucidate differences in inflammatory/oxidative stress response when comparing preterm infants with term infants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabienne Decrue
- University Children's Hospital Basel UKBB.,Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Olga Gorlanova
- University Children's Hospital Basel UKBB.,Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yasmin Salem
- University Children's Hospital Basel UKBB.,Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Danielle Vienneau
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kees de Hoogh
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Jakob Usemann
- University Children's Hospital Basel UKBB.,Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Division of Respiratory Medicine, University Children's Hospital of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland; and
| | - Insa Korten
- University Children's Hospital Basel UKBB.,Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Uri Nahum
- University Children's Hospital Basel UKBB.,Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Pablo Sinues
- University Children's Hospital Basel UKBB.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Allschwil, Switzerland
| | | | - Oliver Fuchs
- University Children's Hospital Basel UKBB.,Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Latzin
- University Children's Hospital Basel UKBB.,Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin Röösli
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Urs Frey
- University Children's Hospital Basel UKBB.,Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | |
Collapse
|