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Quintero-Flórez A, Beltrán G, Sánchez-Ortiz A. Changes in Virgin Olive Oil Volatiles Caused by in Vitro Digestion. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:7900-7907. [PMID: 28803464 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b01965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Volatile compounds are responsible for some sensory characteristics of virgin olive oil (VOO); however, they have not been studied from a nutritional point view. In this work, the effect of the simulated digestion on VOO volatile compounds responsible for green flavor was studied, analyzing their changes through the three steps of an in vitro digestion model (mouth, stomach, and small intestine). Index of recovery and bioaccessibility were determined for the main volatiles of "Picual" VOO. At end of the duodenal step, higher recoveries of ethanol, pent-1-en-3-ol, β-ocimene, and nonanal were observed. From the 10 volatile compounds analyzed, only six compounds were bioaccessible. The compounds with the highest bioaccessibility were pent-1-en-3-ol, nonanal, β-ocimene, and ethanol. The results showed for the first time the recovery and bioaccessibility of several volatile compounds present in VOO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélica Quintero-Flórez
- Instituto de Investigación y Formación Agraria y Pesquera- IFAPA Centro Venta del Llano, Ctra Bailén - Motril Km 18.5, 23620 Mengibar, Spain
| | - Gabriel Beltrán
- Instituto de Investigación y Formación Agraria y Pesquera- IFAPA Centro Venta del Llano, Ctra Bailén - Motril Km 18.5, 23620 Mengibar, Spain
| | - Araceli Sánchez-Ortiz
- Instituto de Investigación y Formación Agraria y Pesquera- IFAPA Centro Venta del Llano, Ctra Bailén - Motril Km 18.5, 23620 Mengibar, Spain
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52
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Gamal W, Fahmy RH, Mohamed MI. Development of novel amisulpride-loaded liquid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems via dual tackling of its solubility and intestinal permeability. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2017; 43:1530-1538. [DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2017.1322607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wael Gamal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rania H. Fahmy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Magdy I. Mohamed
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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53
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Mouhid L, Corzo-Martínez M, Torres C, Vázquez L, Reglero G, Fornari T, Ramírez de Molina A. Improving In Vivo Efficacy of Bioactive Molecules: An Overview of Potentially Antitumor Phytochemicals and Currently Available Lipid-Based Delivery Systems. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2017; 2017:7351976. [PMID: 28555156 PMCID: PMC5438845 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7351976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Many of the chemotherapeutic agents used in cancer treatment exhibit cell toxicity and display teratogenic effect on nontumor cells. Therefore, the search for alternative compounds which are effective against tumor cells but reduce toxicity against nontumor ones is of great importance in the progress or development of cancer treatments. In this sense, scientific knowledge about relevant aspects of nutrition intimately involved in the development and progression of cancer progresses rapidly. Phytochemicals, considered as bioactive ingredients present in plant products, have shown promising effects as potential therapeutic/preventive agents on cancer in several in vitro and in vivo assays. However, despite their bioactive properties, phytochemicals are still not commonly used in clinical practice due to several reasons, mainly attributed to their poor bioavailability. In this sense, new formulation strategies are proposed as carriers to improve their bioefficacy, highlighting the use of lipid-based delivery systems. Here, we review the potential antitumoral activity of the bioactive compounds derived from plants and the current studies carried out in animal and human models. Furthermore, their association with lipids as a formulation strategy to enhance their efficacy in vivo is also reported. The development of high effective bioactive supplements for cancer treatment based on the improvement of their bioavailability goes through this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamia Mouhid
- Molecular Oncology and Nutritional Genomics of Cancer, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Corzo-Martínez
- Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), Campus of International Excellence (CEI) UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Torres
- Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), Campus of International Excellence (CEI) UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Vázquez
- Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), Campus of International Excellence (CEI) UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Reglero
- Molecular Oncology and Nutritional Genomics of Cancer, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), Campus of International Excellence (CEI) UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Tiziana Fornari
- Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), Campus of International Excellence (CEI) UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Ramírez de Molina
- Molecular Oncology and Nutritional Genomics of Cancer, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain
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54
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Higa LH, Jerez HE, de Farias MA, Portugal RV, Romero EL, Morilla MJ. Ultra-small solid archaeolipid nanoparticles for active targeting to macrophages of the inflamed mucosa. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2017; 12:1165-1175. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2016-0437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Develop nanoparticulate agents for oral targeted delivery of dexamethasone (Dex) to macrophages of inflamed mucosa. Materials & methods: Solid archaeolipid nanoparticles (SAN-Dex) (compritol/Halorubrum tebenquichense polar archaeolipids/soybean phosphatidylcholine/Tween-80 4; 0.9; 0.3; 3% w/w) loaded with Dex were prepared. Their mucopenetration, stability under digestion and in vitro anti-inflammatory activity, were determined. Results: Ultra-small SAN-Dex strongly reduced the levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-12 on J774A1 cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharides as compared with free Dex or loaded in ordinary solid lipid nanoparticles-Dex. After in vitro digestion, the anti-inflammatory activity of SAN-Dex was retained, while that of solid lipid nanoparticles-Dex was lost. Conclusion: Because of their structural and pharmacodynamic features, SAN-Dex may be suitable for oral targeted delivery to inflamed mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Herminia Higa
- Nanomedicine Research Program, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Saenz Peña 352, Bernal, B1876BXD, Argentina
| | - Horacio Emanuel Jerez
- Nanomedicine Research Program, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Saenz Peña 352, Bernal, B1876BXD, Argentina
| | - Marcelo Alexandre de Farias
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory, CNPEM, Caixa Postal 6192, CEP 13.083–970, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Villares Portugal
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory, CNPEM, Caixa Postal 6192, CEP 13.083–970, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eder Lilia Romero
- Nanomedicine Research Program, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Saenz Peña 352, Bernal, B1876BXD, Argentina
| | - Maria Jose Morilla
- Nanomedicine Research Program, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Saenz Peña 352, Bernal, B1876BXD, Argentina
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55
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Khatri P, Shao J. Transport of lipid nano-droplets through MDCK epithelial cell monolayer. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 153:237-243. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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56
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Birru WA, Warren DB, Headey SJ, Benameur H, Porter CJH, Pouton CW, Chalmers DK. Computational Models of the Gastrointestinal Environment. 1. The Effect of Digestion on the Phase Behavior of Intestinal Fluids. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:566-579. [PMID: 28099023 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Improved models of the gastrointestinal environment have great potential to assist the complex process of drug formulation. Molecular dynamics (MD) is a powerful method for investigating phase behavior at a molecular level. In this study we use multiple MD simulations to calculate phase diagrams for bile before and after digestion. In these computational models, undigested bile is represented by mixtures of palmitoyl-oleoylphosphatidylcholine (POPC), sodium glycodeoxycholate (GDX), and water. Digested bile is modeled using a 1:1 mixture of oleic acid and palmitoylphosphatidylcholine (lysophosphatidylcholine, LPC), GDX, and water. The computational phase diagrams of undigested and digested bile are compared, and we describe the typical intermolecular interactions that occur between phospholipids and bile salts. The diffusion coefficients measured from MD simulation are compared to experimental diffusion data measured by DOSY-NMR, where we observe good qualitative agreement. In an additional set of simulations, the effect of different ionization states of oleic acid on micelle formation is investigated.
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57
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Šoltýsová I, Toropilová D, de Vringer T. Lipid Based Formulations of Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) Class II Drugs: Strategy, Formulations, Methods and Saturation. FOLIA VETERINARIA 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/fv-2016-0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Active ingredients in pharmaceuticals differ by their physico-chemical properties and their bioavailability therefore varies. The most frequently used and most convenient way of administration of medicines is oral, however many drugs are little soluble in water. Thus they are not sufficiently effective and suitable for such administration. For this reason a system of lipid based formulations (LBF) was developed. Series of formulations were prepared and tested in water and biorelevant media. On the basis of selection criteria, there were selected formulations with the best emulsification potential, good dispersion in the environment and physical stability. Samples of structurally different drugs included in the Class II of the Biopharmaceutics classification system (BCS) were obtained, namely Griseofulvin, Glibenclamide, Carbamazepine, Haloperidol, Itraconazol, Triclosan, Praziquantel and Rifaximin, for testing of maximal saturation in formulations prepared from commercially available excipients. Methods were developed for preparation of formulations, observation of emulsification and its description, determination of maximum solubility of drug samples in the respective formulation and subsequent analysis. Saturation of formulations with drugs showed that formulations 80 % XA and 20 % Xh, 35 % XF and 65 % Xh were best able to dissolve the drugs which supports the hypothesis that it is desirable to identify limited series of formulations which could be generally applied for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Šoltýsová
- University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Institute of biology, zoology and radiobiology, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, The Slovakia Republic
| | - D. Toropilová
- University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Institute of biology, zoology and radiobiology, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, The Slovakia Republic
| | - T. de Vringer
- Astellas Pharma Europe BV, CTM Manufacturing Department, The Netherlands
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58
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Martin D, Navarro Del Hierro J, Villanueva Bermejo D, Fernández-Ruiz R, Fornari T, Reglero G. Bioaccessibility and Antioxidant Activity of Calendula officinalis Supercritical Extract as Affected by in Vitro Codigestion with Olive Oil. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:8828-8837. [PMID: 27796089 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b04313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Supercritical extracts of marigold (ME) were produced and characterized. The bioaccessibility of terpenes, especially that of pentacyclic triterpenes (PT), the particle-size distribution, and antioxidant activity after the in vitro codigestion of ME with olive oil (OO) were determined. ME produced without cosolvent was richer in taraxasterol, lupeol, α-amyrin, and β-amyrin than extracts with cosolvent. All terpenes showed high bioaccessibility without OO (>75%). Significant correlations were found between the molecular properties of compounds (logP and number of rotatable bonds) and their bioaccessibility. Codigestion with OO enhanced the bioaccessibility (around 100% for PT), which could be related to a higher abundance of low-size particles of the digestion medium. The antioxidant activity of the digested ME increased around 50%, regardless of OO. PT-rich extracts from marigold display high bioaccessibility and improved antioxidant activity after in vitro digestion, although complete bioaccessibility of PT can be reached by codigestion with oil, without affecting antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Martin
- Departamento de Producción y Caracterización de Nuevos Alimentos, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM) , 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Sección Departamental de Ciencias de la Alimentación, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquín Navarro Del Hierro
- Departamento de Producción y Caracterización de Nuevos Alimentos, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM) , 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Sección Departamental de Ciencias de la Alimentación, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - David Villanueva Bermejo
- Departamento de Producción y Caracterización de Nuevos Alimentos, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM) , 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Sección Departamental de Ciencias de la Alimentación, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramón Fernández-Ruiz
- Servicio Interdepartamental de Investigación, Laboratorio de Fluorescencia de Rayos X por Reflexión Total (TXRF), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Tiziana Fornari
- Departamento de Producción y Caracterización de Nuevos Alimentos, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM) , 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Sección Departamental de Ciencias de la Alimentación, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Reglero
- Departamento de Producción y Caracterización de Nuevos Alimentos, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM) , 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Sección Departamental de Ciencias de la Alimentación, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Imdea-Food Institute, CEI UAM + CSIC , 28049 Madrid, Spain
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59
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Production of a bioactive lipid-based delivery system from ratfish liver oil by enzymatic glycerolysis. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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60
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Benito-Gallo P, Marlow M, Zann V, Scholes P, Gershkovich P. Linking in Vitro Lipolysis and Microsomal Metabolism for the Quantitative Prediction of Oral Bioavailability of BCS II Drugs Administered in Lipidic Formulations. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:3526-3540. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Benito-Gallo
- School
of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Maria Marlow
- School
of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Vanessa Zann
- Quotient Clinical
Ltd., Mere Way, Ruddington Fields, Nottingham NG11 6JS, U.K
| | - Peter Scholes
- Quotient Clinical
Ltd., Mere Way, Ruddington Fields, Nottingham NG11 6JS, U.K
| | - Pavel Gershkovich
- School
of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
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61
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Deshpande PB, Gurram AK, Deshpande A, Shavi GV, Musmade P, Arumugam K, Averineni RK, Mutalik S, Reddy MS, Udupa N. A novel nanoproliposomes of lercanidipine: Development, in vitro and preclinical studies to support its effectiveness in hypertension therapy. Life Sci 2016; 162:125-37. [PMID: 27544752 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of the present study was to develop nanoproliposomes of lercanidipine, in order to overcome its poor biopharmaceutical properties and to improve its therapeutic efficacy in treating hypertension. MAIN METHODS The nanoproliposomes were prepared using a modified thin-film hydration method, and the formula was optimized by varying the ratio of lipids and the types of cryoprotectants. This optimized formulation was characterized in terms of its particle size, solid-state, drug release, in-situ absorption, in-vivo pharmacokinetics, and in-vivo anti-hypertensive activity in DOCA-salt induced hypertensive rats. Finally, a PK-PD correlation was established in order to understand the clinical implications of the developed novel nanoproliposomes. KEY FINDINGS The nanoproliposomes showed a particle size of 174.7nm and an entrapment efficiency of 85.4%. The in-vitro release displayed initial rapid release (19.33%) followed by a sustained release profile, releasing 88.37% of the encapsulated drug. The in-situ studies showed a significant increase in absorption rate across the rat intestinal membrane. The pharmacokinetics of this novel form indicated a 2.75-fold increase in the absolute bioavailability as compared to pure lercanidipine. In addition, the nanoproliposomes were found to be efficient in treating hypertension in DOCA-salt induced hypertensive rats. The PK-PD correlation demonstrated no time lag between effect and exposure, indicating that a direct PK-PD relationship can be expected in the clinic. SIGNIFICANCE These findings suggest that nanoproliposomes are promising carriers in improving the oral bioavailability and bioactivity of lercanidipine, and can be an effective therapy in the management of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praful Balavant Deshpande
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India; Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre, WIT, Cork Road, Waterford, Ireland.
| | - Aravind Kumar Gurram
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Amruta Deshpande
- Department of Chemical and Life Sciences, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland
| | - Gopal Venkatesh Shavi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India; South Eastern Applied Materials Research Centre, Applied Technology Building, WIT, Waterford, Ireland
| | - Prashant Musmade
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Karthik Arumugam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Ranjith Kumar Averineni
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India; Zoetis, 333 Portage Street, Kalamazoo, MI 49007, United States
| | - Srinivas Mutalik
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Meka Sreenivasa Reddy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Nayanabhirama Udupa
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
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62
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Erfanian A, Rasti B, Manap Y. Comparing the calcium bioavailability from two types of nano-sized enriched milk using in-vivo assay. Food Chem 2016; 214:606-613. [PMID: 27507516 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.07.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Calcium bioavailability from two types of enriched (calcium citrate and calcium carbonate) milks homogenized to a nano-sized particle distribution has been studied among 48 female Sprauge-dawley rats. Skim milk powder was enriched with some essential nutrients (Inulin, DHA & EPA, vitamins B6, K1, and D3) as enhancers of calcium bioavailability according to recommended dietary allowances of the West European and North American. Ovariectomized and ovariectomized-osteoporosis rats were used as a menopause and menopause-osteoporosis model, respectively. Although, nano-sized enriched milk powders had the greatest calcium bioavailability among the groups, but bioavailability of nano-sized calcium carbonate-enriched-milk was significantly (P<0.05) better than nano-sized calcium citrate-enriched-milk. Moreover, the trends were similar for bone calcium, strength and morphology. Therefore, based on the current results the calcium carbonate nano-sized enriched milk could be an effective enriched milk powder in ovariectomized-osteoporosis and ovariectomized rats as a model of menopause-osteoporosis and menopause women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Erfanian
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.
| | - Babak Rasti
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Yazid Manap
- Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Selangor, Malaysia
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63
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Effect of Gum Arabic, Gum Ghatti and Sugar Beet Pectin as Interfacial Layer on Lipid Digestibility in Oil-in-Water Emulsions. FOOD BIOPHYS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11483-016-9441-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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64
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Yu Q, Hu X, Ma Y, Xie Y, Lu Y, Qi J, Xiang L, Li F, Wu W. Lipids-based nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) for improved oral bioavailability of sirolimus. Drug Deliv 2016; 23:1469-75. [DOI: 10.3109/10717544.2016.1153744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of MOE And PLA, Shanghai, China and
| | - Xiongwei Hu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of MOE And PLA, Shanghai, China and
| | - Yuhua Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of MOE And PLA, Shanghai, China and
| | - Yunchang Xie
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of MOE And PLA, Shanghai, China and
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of MOE And PLA, Shanghai, China and
| | - Jianping Qi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of MOE And PLA, Shanghai, China and
| | - Li Xiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Xuhui Dahua Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengqian Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Xuhui Dahua Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of MOE And PLA, Shanghai, China and
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65
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Patel SV, Patel S. Prediction of the solubility in lipidic solvent mixture: Investigation of the modeling approach and thermodynamic analysis of solubility. Eur J Pharm Sci 2015; 77:161-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2015.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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66
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Corstens MN, Berton-Carabin CC, de Vries R, Troost FJ, Masclee AAM, Schroën K. Food-grade micro-encapsulation systems that may induce satiety via delayed lipolysis: A review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2015; 57:2218-2244. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2015.1057634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meinou N. Corstens
- Department of Agrotechnology & Food Sciences, Food Process Engineering Group, Wageningen University and Research Center, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Claire C. Berton-Carabin
- Department of Agrotechnology & Food Sciences, Food Process Engineering Group, Wageningen University and Research Center, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Renko de Vries
- Department of Agrotechnology & Food Sciences, Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science Group, Wageningen University and Research Center, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Freddy J. Troost
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ad A. M. Masclee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Karin Schroën
- Department of Agrotechnology & Food Sciences, Food Process Engineering Group, Wageningen University and Research Center, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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67
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Shangguan M, Qi J, Lu Y, Wu W. Comparison of the oral bioavailability of silymarin-loaded lipid nanoparticles with their artificial lipolysate counterparts: implications on the contribution of integral structure. Int J Pharm 2015; 489:195-202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Yeom DW, Song YS, Kim SR, Lee SG, Kang MH, Lee S, Choi YW. Development and optimization of a self-microemulsifying drug delivery system for atorvastatin calcium by using D-optimal mixture design. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:3865-77. [PMID: 26089663 PMCID: PMC4462857 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s83520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we developed and optimized a self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) formulation for improving the dissolution and oral absorption of atorvastatin calcium (ATV), a poorly water-soluble drug. Solubility and emulsification tests were performed to select a suitable combination of oil, surfactant, and cosurfactant. A D-optimal mixture design was used to optimize the concentration of components used in the SMEDDS formulation for achieving excellent physicochemical characteristics, such as small droplet size and high dissolution. The optimized ATV-loaded SMEDDS formulation containing 7.16% Capmul MCM (oil), 48.25% Tween 20 (surfactant), and 44.59% Tetraglycol (cosurfactant) significantly enhanced the dissolution rate of ATV in different types of medium, including simulated intestinal fluid, simulated gastric fluid, and distilled water, compared with ATV suspension. Good agreement was observed between predicted and experimental values for mean droplet size and percentage of the drug released in 15 minutes. Further, pharmacokinetic studies in rats showed that the optimized SMEDDS formulation considerably enhanced the oral absorption of ATV, with 3.4-fold and 4.3-fold increases in the area under the concentration-time curve and time taken to reach peak plasma concentration, respectively, when compared with the ATV suspension. Thus, we successfully developed an optimized ATV-loaded SMEDDS formulation by using the D-optimal mixture design, that could potentially be used for improving the oral absorption of poorly water-soluble drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Woo Yeom
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Seul Song
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Rae Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Gon Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hyung Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangkil Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Wook Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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69
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Enhancement of solubility, dissolution rate and bioavailability of atorvastatin using solid lipid: in vitro and in vivo characterization. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-015-0199-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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70
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Phan S, Salentinig S, Prestidge CA, Boyd BJ. Self-assembled structures formed during lipid digestion: characterization and implications for oral lipid-based drug delivery systems. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2015; 4:275-94. [PMID: 25786882 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-013-0168-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing interest in the use of lipid-based formulations for the delivery of poorly water-soluble drugs. After ingestion of the formulation, exposure to the gastrointestinal environment results in dispersion and digestion processes, leading to the production of amphiphilic digestion products that form self-assembled structures in the aqueous environment of the intestine. These structures are crucial for the maintenance of drug in a solubilized state prior to absorption. This review describes the structural techniques used to study such systems, the structures formed in assembled 'equilibrium' compositions where components are combined in expected ratios representative of the endpoint of digestion, structures formed using dynamic in vitro 'non-equilibrium' digestion models where the composition and hence structures present change over time and observations from ex vivo aspirated samples. Possible future directions towards an improved understanding of the structural aspects of lipid digestion are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Phan
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus), 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
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71
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Kaur G, Mehta SK, Kumar S, Bhanjana G, Dilbaghi N. Coencapsulation of hydrophobic and hydrophilic antituberculosis drugs in synergistic Brij 96 microemulsions: a biophysical characterization. J Pharm Sci 2015; 104:2203-12. [PMID: 25951802 DOI: 10.1002/jps.24469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A microemulsion has been formulated to coencapsulate antituberculosis drugs to solve the issue of stability of rifampicin (RIF) in the presence of isoniazid (INH) and pyrazinamide (PZA). The structural transition, solubilization locus, and quantitative release of drugs without interference have been estimated. Derivative absorbance spectroscopy, especially ratio derivative and double divisor ratio derivative methods, has been employed for estimating the release. The coencapsulation of the anti-tuberculosis drugs were carried out in single, binary, or ternary mixtures and occupy the same solubilization sites in multiple drugs microemulsion systems as in the case of single drug-loaded systems. INH and PZA obey the diffusional (Fickian) release mechanism, whereas RIF shows anomalous release. Resazurin assay and agar well diffusion method were adopted for cytotoxicity analysis and antimicrobial activity, respectively. Cytotoxicity was found to be dependent on concentration and on colloidal structure of microemulsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurpreet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, Punjab, India
| | - S K Mehta
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, Punjab, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Bio and Nano Technology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Gaurav Bhanjana
- Department of Bio and Nano Technology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Neeraj Dilbaghi
- Department of Bio and Nano Technology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, 125001, Haryana, India
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72
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McClements DJ. Reduced-fat foods: the complex science of developing diet-based strategies for tackling overweight and obesity. Adv Nutr 2015; 6:338S-52S. [PMID: 25979507 PMCID: PMC4424772 DOI: 10.3945/an.114.006999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Fat plays multiple roles in determining the desirable physicochemical properties, sensory attributes, nutritional profile, and biologic response of food products. Overconsumption of fats is linked to chronic diseases, such as obesity, coronary heart disease, diabetes, and cancer. There is therefore a need to develop reduced-fat products with physicochemical properties and sensory profiles that match those of their full-fat counterparts. In addition, foods may be redesigned to increase the feelings of satiety and satiation, and thereby reduce overall food intake. The successful design of these types of functional foods requires a good understanding of the numerous roles that fat plays in determining food attributes and the development of effective strategies to replace these attributes. This article provides an overview of the current understanding of the influence of fat on the physicochemical and physiologic attributes of emulsion-based food products and highlights approaches to create high-quality foods with reduced-fat contents.
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73
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McClements J, McClements DJ. Standardization of Nanoparticle Characterization: Methods for Testing Properties, Stability, and Functionality of Edible Nanoparticles. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2015; 56:1334-62. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2014.970267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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74
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Yao M, McClements DJ, Xiao H. Improving oral bioavailability of nutraceuticals by engineered nanoparticle-based delivery systems. Curr Opin Food Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2014.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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75
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Development and evaluation of nanoemulsifying preconcentrate of curcumin for colon delivery. ScientificWorldJournal 2015; 2015:541510. [PMID: 25861680 PMCID: PMC4377495 DOI: 10.1155/2015/541510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to develop and optimize a nanoemulsifying preconcentrate formulation of curcumin with good emulsification ability and optimal globule size, for controlled targeting in colon. Content of formulation variables, namely, X1 (Peceol), X2 (Cremophor-EL), and X3 (Transcutol HP), were optimized by Box-Behnken design of experiments for its impact on mean globule size (Y1), emulsification time (Y2), and time required for drug release (85%) in phosphate buffer (pH 7.2), t85% (Y3). Transmission electron micrographs confirmed that there is no coalescence among globules, with size range concordant with the globule size analysis by dynamic light scattering technique (100 nm). 3D plots indicated that concentration of formulation ingredients significantly influences the formulation properties (globule size, emulsification time, and drug release). In vitro release profile (in phosphate buffer; pH 7.2) represents the fact that more than 50% of the drug was released within initial 15 min whereas in vivo release showed limited systemic absorption (Cmax 200 ng/mL) of curcumin. Stability study ensures the protection of drug in alkaline media which may further confirm the localised delivery of drug to colonic region. Study demonstrated that the nanoemulsifying preconcentrate can be a promising system for the colon specific delivery of curcumin to treat local pathologies.
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76
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Phan S, Salentinig S, Hawley A, Boyd BJ. Immobilised lipase for in vitro lipolysis experiments. J Pharm Sci 2015; 104:1311-8. [PMID: 25630824 DOI: 10.1002/jps.24327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Revised: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In vitro lipolysis experiments are used to assess digestion of lipid-based formulations, and probe solubilisation by colloidal phases during digestion. However, proteins and other biological components in the pancreatin often used as the lipase result in high-background scattering when interrogating structures using scattering approaches, complicating the resolution of colloidal structures. In this study, to circumvent this problem, a modified in vitro digestion model employing lipase immobilised on polymer beads, which allows for separation of the lipid digestion components during lipolysis, was investigated. Titration of the fatty acids released during digestion of medium chain triglycerides using pancreatin compared with immobilised lipase, combined with HPLC was used to follow the digestion, and small-angle X-ray scattering was used to determine colloidal structure formation. Digestion of medium chain triglycerides at the same nominal activity revealed that for the immobilised lipase, a longer digestion time was required to achieve the same extent of digestion. However, the same structural endpoint was observed, indicating that structure formation was not affected by the choice of lipase used. Lipolysis with immobilised lipase led to the reduction of parasitic scattering, resulting in clearer and more defined scattering from the structures generated by the lipolysis products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Phan
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
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77
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Zhang X, Chen G, Zhang T, Ma Z, Wu B. Effects of PEGylated lipid nanoparticles on the oral absorption of one BCS II drug: a mechanistic investigation. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:5503-14. [PMID: 25473287 PMCID: PMC4251747 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s73340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid nanocarriers are becoming a versatile platform for oral delivery of lipophilic drugs. In this article, we aimed to explore the gastrointestinal behaviors of lipid nanoparticles and the effect of PEGylation on oral absorption of fenofibrate (FN), a Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) II model drug. FN-loaded PEGylated lipid nanoparticles (FN-PLNs) were prepared by the solvent-diffusion method and characterized by particle size distribution, morphology, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and drug release. Lipolytic experiments were performed to assess the resistance of lipid nanoparticles against pancreatic lipase. Pharmacokinetics was evaluated in rats after oral administration of FN preparations. The obtained FN-PLNs were 186.7 nm in size with an entrapment efficiency of >95%. Compared to conventional lipid nanoparticles, PLNs exhibited slower drug release in the lipase-containing medium, strikingly reduced mucin binding, and suppressed lipolysis in vitro. Further, oral absorption of FN was significantly enhanced using PLNs with relative bioavailability of 123.9% and 157.0% to conventional lipid nanoparticles and a commercial formulation (Lipanthyl®), respectively. It was demonstrated that reduced mucin trapping, suppressed lipolysis, and/or improved mucosal permeability were responsible for increased oral absorption. These results facilitated a better understanding of the in vivo fate of lipid nanoparticles, and suggested the potential of PLNs as oral carriers of BCS II drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingwang Zhang
- Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Guijiang Chen
- Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianpeng Zhang
- Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiguo Ma
- Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Baojian Wu
- Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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78
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Walker R, Decker EA, McClements DJ. Development of food-grade nanoemulsions and emulsions for delivery of omega-3 fatty acids: opportunities and obstacles in the food industry. Food Funct 2014; 6:42-55. [PMID: 25384961 DOI: 10.1039/c4fo00723a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Consumption of biologically active amounts of omega-3 fatty acids is linked to improved human health, which has partly been attributed to their important role in brain development and cardiovascular health. Western diets are relatively low in omega-3 fatty acids and many consumers turn to supplements or functional foods to increase their intake of these healthy lipids. Fish oil is one of the most widely used sources of omega-3 fatty acid for supplementation and has greater health benefits than plant sources because of its higher concentration of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The incorporation of omega-3 fatty acids into foods and beverages is often challenging due to their low water-solubility, poor oxidative stability, and variable bioavailability. Nanoemulsions offer a promising way to incorporate omega-3 fatty acids into liquid food systems like beverages, dressing, sauces, and dips. Nanoemulsions are colloidal dispersions that contain small oil droplets (r<100 nm) that may be able to overcome many of the challenges of fortifying foods and beverages with omega-3 fatty acids. The composition and fabrication of nanoemulsions can be optimized to increase the chemical and physical stability of oil droplets, as well as to increase the bioavailability of omega-3 fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Walker
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
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79
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Gidwani B, Vyas A. Preparation, characterization, and optimization of altretamine-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles using Box-Behnken design and response surface methodology. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 44:571-80. [DOI: 10.3109/21691401.2014.971462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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80
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Martin D, Moran-Valero MI, Casado V, Reglero G, Torres CF. Phosphatidyl derivative of hydroxytyrosol. In vitro intestinal digestion, bioaccessibility, and its effect on antioxidant activity. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:9751-9759. [PMID: 25255083 DOI: 10.1021/jf503477h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal digestion of phosphatidyl derivatives of HT (PHT) and its bioaccessibility under in vitro conditions was performed. First, an in vitro intestinal digestion model for phospholipids was developed. The impact of digestion in the antioxidant ability of PHT was also assayed. PHT was progressively hydrolyzed to lyso-PHT. However, digestion was slower than the phospholipid control. Nevertheless, most hydrolysis products were found at the micellar phase fraction, meaning a high bioaccessibility. Either PHT or digested PHT showed lower antioxidant activity than HT. However, PHT improved its antioxidant ability after digestion, likely related to lyso-PHT. As a summary, the synthetic phosphatidyl derivative of HT as PHT is recognized by phospholipases during simulation of intestinal digestion, although less efficiently than analogous phospholipids. Nevertheless, taking into account the bioaccessibility and the antioxidant activity of digested PHT, the potential of carriers of HT under the form of phospholipids might be of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Martin
- Departamento de Producción y Caracterización de Nuevos Alimentos, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM) , 28049 Madrid, Spain
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81
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Fuchs A, Dressman JB. Composition and physicochemical properties of fasted-state human duodenal and jejunal fluid: a critical evaluation of the available data. J Pharm Sci 2014; 103:3398-3411. [PMID: 25277073 DOI: 10.1002/jps.24183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Revised: 07/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Various methods of sampling and analyzing intestinal fluids have been applied over the years. In this report, data that have been published to date about the composition of fasted-state human intestinal fluid (HIF) and its physicochemical properties are summarized and the influence of the methods used to generate the data is discussed. Key physiological parameters summarized include pH, buffer capacity, osmolarity, and ionic strength in both the fasted duodenum and jejunum. Furthermore, the bile salts and phospholipids in the fasted small intestine are addressed in terms of both qualitative and quantitative composition with respect to the different types and degrees of hydroxylation of bile salts. Taurocholate, glycocholate, and glycochenodeoxycholate were identified as the main bile salts. Lysolecithin was identified as the predominant phospholipid species in fasted HIF because of the enzymatic degradation of lecithin. Together with other intestinal surfactants, such as cholesterol and free fatty acids, the influence of bile acids and phospholipids on the surface tension of fasted HIF was evaluated. A good working knowledge of all the above-mentioned parameters is important to optimize the composition of biorelevant media, with a view to improving the prediction of in vivo dissolution and release performance of drugs and dosage forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Fuchs
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jennifer B Dressman
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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82
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Kollipara S, Gandhi RK. Pharmacokinetic aspects and in vitro-in vivo correlation potential for lipid-based formulations. Acta Pharm Sin B 2014; 4:333-49. [PMID: 26579403 PMCID: PMC4629105 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2014.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid-based formulations have been an attractive choice among novel drug delivery systems for enhancing the solubility and bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs due to their ability to keep the drug in solubilized state in the gastrointestinal tract. These formulations offer multiple advantages such as reduction in food effect and inter-individual variability, ease of preparation, and the possibility of manufacturing using common excipients available in the market. Despite these advantages, very few products are available in the present market, perhaps due to limited knowledge in the in vitro tests (for prediction of in vivo fate) and lack of understanding of the mechanisms behind pharmacokinetic and biopharmaceutical aspects of lipid formulations after oral administration. The current review aims to provide a detailed understanding of the in vivo processing steps involved after oral administration of lipid formulations, their pharmacokinetic aspects and in vitro in vivo correlation (IVIVC) perspectives. Various pharmacokinetic and biopharmaceutical aspects such as formulation dispersion and lipid digestion, bioavailability enhancement mechanisms, impact of excipients on efflux transporters, and lymphatic transport are discussed with examples. In addition, various IVIVC approaches towards predicting in vivo data from in vitro dispersion/precipitation, in vitro lipolysis and ex vivo permeation studies are also discussed in detail with help of case studies.
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Key Words
- ADME, absorption/distribution/metabolism/elimination
- AUC, area under the curve
- BCS, biopharmaceutics classification system
- BDDCS, biopharmaceutics drug disposition classification system
- CACO, human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma cells
- CMC, critical micellar concentration
- CYP, cytochrome
- Cmax, maximum plasma concentration
- DDS, drug delivery systems
- Efflux transporters
- FaSSGF, fasted-state simulated gastric fluid
- FaSSIF, fasted-state simulated intestinal fluid
- FeSSIF, fed-state simulated intestinal fluid
- Food effect
- GIT, gastrointestinal tract
- IVIVC
- IVIVC, in vitro in vivo correlation
- LCT, long chain triglyceride
- LFCS, lipid formulation classification system
- Lipolysis
- Lymphatic delivery
- MCT, medium chain triglyceride
- MDCK, Madin–Darby canine kidney cells
- NCE, new chemical entity
- P-app, apparent permeability
- P-gp, permeability glycoprotein
- Pharmacokinetics
- SCT, short chain triglyceride
- SEDDS, self-emulsifying drug delivery system
- SIF, simulated intestinal fluid
- SMEDDS, self-microemulsifying drug delivery system
- SNEDDS, self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system
- Vit E, vitamin E
- log P, n-octanol/water partition coefficient
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83
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Pereira de Sousa I, Bernkop-Schnürch A. Pre-systemic metabolism of orally administered drugs and strategies to overcome it. J Control Release 2014; 192:301-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Revised: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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84
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Micelle dynamic simulation and physicochemical characterization of biorelevant media to reflect gastrointestinal environment in fasted and fed states. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2014; 88:565-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2014.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Revised: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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85
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Li Y, McClements DJ. Influence of cosurfactant on the behavior of structured emulsions under simulated intestinal lipolysis conditions. Food Hydrocoll 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2014.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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86
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Anby MU, Nguyen TH, Yeap YY, Feeney OM, Williams HD, Benameur H, Pouton CW, Porter CJH. An in vitro digestion test that reflects rat intestinal conditions to probe the importance of formulation digestion vs first pass metabolism in Danazol bioavailability from lipid based formulations. Mol Pharm 2014; 11:4069-83. [PMID: 25265395 DOI: 10.1021/mp500197b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The impact of gastrointestinal (GI) processing and first pass metabolism on danazol oral bioavailability (BA) was evaluated after administration of self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) in the rat. Danazol absolute BA was determined following oral and intraduodenal (ID) administration of LFCS class IIIA medium chain (MC) formulations at high (SEDDSH-III) and low (SEDDSL-III) drug loading and a lipid free LFCS class IV formulation (SEDDS-IV). Experiments were conducted in the presence and absence of ABT (1-aminobenzotriazole) to evaluate the effect of first pass metabolism. A series of modified in vitro lipolysis tests were developed to better understand the in vivo processing of SEDDS in the rat. Danazol BA was low (<13%) following oral and ID administration of either SEDDS. Increasing drug loading, ID rather than oral administration, and administration of SEDDS-IV rather than SEDDS-III led to higher oral BA. After pretreatment with ABT, however, danazol oral BA significantly increased (e.g., 60% compared to 2% after administration of SEDDSL-III), no effect was observed on increasing drug loading, and differences between SEDDS-III and -IV were minimal. In vitro digestion models based on the lower enzyme activity and lower dilution conditions expected in the rat resulted in significantly reduced danazol precipitation from SEDDS-III or SEDDS-IV on initiation of digestion. At the doses administered here (4-8 mg/kg), the primary limitation to danazol oral BA in the rat was first pass metabolism, and the fraction absorbed was >45% after oral administration of SEDDS-III or SEDDS-IV. In contrast, previous studies in dogs suggest that danazol BA is less dependent on first pass metabolism and more sensitive to changes in formulation processing. In vitro digestion models based on likely rat GI conditions suggest less drug precipitation on formulation digestion when compared to equivalent dog models, consistent with the increases in in vivo exposure (fraction absorbed) seen here in ABT-pretreated rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette U Anby
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus) , 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
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87
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Weng T, Qi J, Lu Y, Wang K, Tian Z, Hu K, Yin Z, Wu W. The role of lipid-based nano delivery systems on oral bioavailability enhancement of fenofibrate, a BCS II drug: comparison with fast-release formulations. J Nanobiotechnology 2014; 12:39. [PMID: 25248304 PMCID: PMC4180958 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-014-0039-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 09/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare various formulations solid dispersion pellets (SDP), nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) and a self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) generally accepted to be the most efficient drug delivery systems for BCS II drugs using fenofibrate (FNB) as a model drug. The size and morphology of NLCs and SMEDDS was characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Their release behaviors were investigated in medium with or without pancreatic lipase. The oral bioavailability of the various formulations was compared in beagle dogs using commercial Lipanthyl® capsules (micronized formulation) as a reference. The release of FNB from SDP was much faster than that from NLCs and SMEDDS in medium without lipase, whereas the release rate from NLCs and SMEDDS was increased after adding pancreatic lipase into the release medium. However, NLCs and SMEDDS increased the bioavailability of FNB to 705.11% and 809.10%, respectively, in comparison with Lipanthyl® capsules, although the relative bioavailability of FNB was only 366.05% after administration of SDPs. Thus, lipid-based drug delivery systems (such as NLCs and SMEDDS) may have more advantages than immediate release systems (such as SDPs and Lipanthyl® capsules).
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88
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Ni S, Sun R, Zhao G, Xia Q. Quercetin Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carrier for Food Fortification: Preparation, Characterization and in vitro
Study. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.12130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shilei Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics; School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering; Southeast University; Nanjing 210096 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology; Suzhou China
| | - Rui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics; School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering; Southeast University; Nanjing 210096 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology; Suzhou China
| | - Guodong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics; School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering; Southeast University; Nanjing 210096 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology; Suzhou China
| | - Qiang Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics; School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering; Southeast University; Nanjing 210096 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology; Suzhou China
- Suzhou Nanohealth Biotech Limited Corporation; Suzhou China
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89
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Aburahma MH, Badr-Eldin SM. Compritol 888 ATO: a multifunctional lipid excipient in drug delivery systems and nanopharmaceuticals. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2014; 11:1865-83. [PMID: 25152197 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2014.935335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Compritol® 888 ATO is a lipid excipient that is generally used in cosmetic industry as a surfactant, emulsifying agent and viscosity-inducing agent in emulsions or creams. Based on its chemical composition, Compritol 888 ATO is a blend of different esters of behenic acid with glycerol. AREAS COVERED Recently, there has been great interest in the multiple roles that Compritol 888 ATO plays in various pharmaceutical delivery systems. Accordingly, this review aimed at summarizing the current and potential applications of Compritol 888 ATO in various drug delivery areas. EXPERT OPINION Different researches have highlighted the feasibility of using Compritol 888 ATO as a lubricant or coating agent for oral solid dosage formulations. It has also been explored as a matrix-forming agent for controlling drug release. At present, the most common pharmaceutical application of Compritol 888 ATO is in lipid-based colloidal drug delivery system such as solid lipid microparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles and nanostructured lipid carriers. Although, Compritol 888 ATO has acceptable regulatory and safety profiles and although the number of articles that emphasize on its applicability as an innovative excipient in pharmaceutical technology is continuously increasing, it is not widely used in the pharmaceutical market products and its use is limited to its sustain release ability in extended release tablets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona H Aburahma
- King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy , Jeddah 21589 , Saudi Arabia
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90
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Martin D, Moran-Valero MI, Vázquez L, Reglero G, Torres CF. Comparative in vitro intestinal digestion of 1,3-diglyceride and 1-monoglyceride rich oils and their mixtures. Food Res Int 2014; 64:603-609. [PMID: 30011694 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Revised: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal in vitro digestion of 1,3-diolein (DO), 1-monoolein (MO), DO:MO (1:1) rich oils, and triolein (TO), was performed to study the rate and extent of hydrolysis as well as their bioaccessibility in detail, with special emphasis on 1,3-DO and 1-MO forms, as potential bioactive lipids with additional technological functions such as self-emulsifying lipids. The importance of in vitro conditions on non-desirable acylmigration was also shown. The rate of in vitro intestinal lipolysis was in increasing order TO<DO<DO:MO<MO. At the end of digestion, DO:MO was hydrolyzed to absorbable products at the same level than the MO sample. The degree of lipolysis positively correlated with the level of 1-MG and negatively with the level of 2-MG. Either DO, MO or DO:MO produced higher level of 1-MG than TO. DO:MO produced the highest level of 1-MG and a high ratio of 1-MG to 2-MG. Most hydrolysis products (>95%) of DO, MO and DO:MO were found within the micellar phase fraction during digestion, suggesting a high bioaccessibility. A positive correlation between the degree of lipolysis and the number of mixed micelles formed at the end of digestion was found. As summary, the obtained results would enhance the selection of glycerides to formulate ingredients with different purposes. Thus, in case a final high level of 1-MO would be desired to take advantage of the bioactivity of 1-MO, oils under the form of DO or DO:MO might be superior to MO. In case a high 1-MO level together with a low 2-MO level would be desired at the same time, mixtures of DO:MO or MO would be preferred. In case a higher self-emulsifying ability would be desired, the preferred forms would be MO and DO:MO. Finally, in case all the potential functionalities would be desired at the same time, namely the highest bioactivity, together with a high self-emulsifying ability, the mixture DO:MO might be suggested as an interesting product, with the additional economical advantage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Martin
- Departamento de Producción y Caracterización de Nuevos Alimentos, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; Sección Departamental de Ciencias de la Alimentación, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Maria I Moran-Valero
- Departamento de Producción y Caracterización de Nuevos Alimentos, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; Sección Departamental de Ciencias de la Alimentación, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Vázquez
- Departamento de Producción y Caracterización de Nuevos Alimentos, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; Sección Departamental de Ciencias de la Alimentación, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Reglero
- Departamento de Producción y Caracterización de Nuevos Alimentos, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; Sección Departamental de Ciencias de la Alimentación, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; IMDEA-Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos F Torres
- Departamento de Producción y Caracterización de Nuevos Alimentos, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; Sección Departamental de Ciencias de la Alimentación, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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91
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Shah MK, Madan P, Lin S. Elucidation of intestinal absorption mechanism of carvedilol-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles using Caco-2 cell line as anin-vitromodel. Pharm Dev Technol 2014; 20:877-885. [DOI: 10.3109/10837450.2014.938857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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92
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Buyukozturk F, Di Maio S, Budil DE, Carrier RL. Effect of ingested lipids on drug dissolution and release with concurrent digestion: a modeling approach. Pharm Res 2014; 30:3131-44. [PMID: 24234918 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-013-1238-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To mechanistically study and model the effect of lipids, either from food or self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS), on drug transport in the intestinal lumen. METHODS Simultaneous lipid digestion, dissolution/release, and drug partitioning were experimentally studied and modeled for two dosing scenarios: solid drug with a food-associated lipid (soybean oil) and drug solubilized in amodel SEDDS (soybean oil and Tween 80 at 1:1 ratio). Rate constants for digestion, permeability of emulsion droplets, and partition coefficients in micellar and oil phases were measured, and used to numerically solve the developed model. RESULTS Strong influence of lipid digestion on drug release from SEDDS and solid drug dissolution into food-associated lipid emulsion was observed and predicted by the developed model. Ninety minutes after introduction of SEDDS, there was 9% and 70% drug release in the absence and presence of digestion, respectively. However, overall drug dissolution in the presence of food-associated lipids occurred over a longer period than without digestion. CONCLUSION A systems-based mechanistic model incorporating simultaneous dynamic processes occurring upon dosing of drug with lipids enabled prediction of aqueous drug concentration profile. This model, once incorporated with a pharmacokinetic model considering processes of drug absorption and drug lymphatic transport in the presence of lipids, could be highly useful for quantitative prediction of impact of lipids on bioavailability of drugs.
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93
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Heshmati N, Cheng X, Dapat E, Sassene P, Eisenbrand G, Fricker G, Müllertz A. In vitro and in vivo evaluations of the performance of an indirubin derivative, formulated in four different self-emulsifying drug delivery systems. J Pharm Pharmacol 2014; 66:1567-75. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Anticancer indirubins are poorly soluble in water. Here, digestion of four self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) containing E804 (indirubin-3′-oxime 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ether) was compared by dynamic lipolysis and bioavailability studies. Used lipids were either medium-chain or long-chain glycerides.
Methods
SEDDS E804 were developed. In-vitro lipolysis was carried out at pH 6.5 (37°C) by adding pancreatic lipase (800 U/ml) and controlling by CaCl2 and NaOH addition. E804 content was quantified in the aqueous micellar phase and precipitate using HPLC. Oral bioavailability was determined in rats. Plasma drug content was determined by liquid chromatography (LC)–mass spectrometry.
Key findings
All formulations reserved E804 in the aqueous micellar phase up to 60 min. Precipitation proceeded towards the end of lipolysis up to 45%. Lowest level of precipitation (21%) occurred with long-chain lipids (LC-SEDDS). However, lipolysis was not really discriminative between formulations as the drug mainly stayed in solution. Oral administration of formulations resulted in similar bioavailability of E804 with no significantly different area under the concentration curve. Only medium-chain self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems revealed shorter Tmax compared with the other formulations.
Conclusion
E804 had a similar performance in four lipid/surfactant systems. All formulations increased the bioavailability of E804 with no significant difference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Heshmati
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Xinlai Cheng
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Else Dapat
- Department of Biology, University of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines
| | - Philip Sassene
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gerhard Eisenbrand
- Division of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Chemistry, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Gert Fricker
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anette Müllertz
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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94
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Pandit AP, Divase G, Chavan T, Khandelwal K. Oral lipid based multiparticulate pastilles: design and effect of pore former. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-014-0141-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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95
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Novel lipid-free nanoformulation for improving oral bioavailability of coenzyme Q10. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:793879. [PMID: 24995328 PMCID: PMC4068099 DOI: 10.1155/2014/793879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Revised: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
To improve the bioavailability of orally administered lipophilic coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), we formulated a novel lipid-free nano-CoQ10 system stabilized by various surfactants. Nano-CoQ10s, composed of 2.5% (w/w) CoQ10, 1.67% (w/w) surfactant, and 41.67% (w/w) glycerol, were prepared by hot high-pressure homogenization. The resulting formulations were characterized by particle size, zeta potential, differential scanning calorimetry, and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy. We found that the mean particle size of all nano-CoQ10s ranged from 66.3 ± 1.5 nm to 92.7 ± 1.5 nm and the zeta potential ranged from −12.8 ± 1.4 mV to −41.6 ± 1.4 mV. The CoQ10 in nano-CoQ10s likely existed in a supercooled state, and nano-CoQ10s stored in a brown sealed bottle were stable for 180 days at 25°C. The bioavailability of CoQ10 was evaluated following oral administration of CoQ10 formulations in Sprague-Dawley rats. Compared to the values observed following administration of CoQ10-Suspension, nano-CoQ10 modified with various surfactants significantly increased the maximum plasma concentration and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve. Thus, the lipid-free system of a nano-CoQ10 stabilized with a surfactant may be an effective vehicle for improving oral bioavailability of CoQ10.
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96
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Zhang J, Lv Y, Zhao S, Wang B, Tan M, Xie H, Lv G, Ma X. Effect of lipolysis on drug release from self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems (SMEDDS) with different core/shell drug location. AAPS PharmSciTech 2014; 15:731-40. [PMID: 24554238 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-014-0096-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of lipolysis on the release of poorly water-soluble drug from SMEDDS in the perspective of drug core/shell location. For this purpose, four SMEDDS formulations with various core/shell properties were developed based on long-chain lipid or medium-chain lipid as well as different surfactant/oil ratios. Poorly water-soluble drugs, hymecromone and resveratrol, were significantly solubilized in all SMEDDS formulations and the diluted microemulsions. Fluorescence spectra analysis indicated that hymecromone was mainly located in the shell of microemulsions, while resveratrol was located in the core. The effect of lipolysis on the release rates of drugs with different core/shell locations were investigated by a modified in vitro drug release model. For the drug located in the shell, hymecromone, the release profiles were not affected during the lipolysis process and no significant differences were observed among four formulations. For the drug located in the core, resveratrol, the release rates were increased to various degrees depending on the extent of digestion. In conclusion, the drug core/shell location plays an important role for determining the effect of lipolysis on drug release from SMEDDS formulation.
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97
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Lipid-Based Drug Delivery Systems. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS 2014; 2014:801820. [PMID: 26556202 PMCID: PMC4590796 DOI: 10.1155/2014/801820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Revised: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The principle objective of formulation of lipid-based drugs is to enhance their bioavailability. The use of lipids in drug delivery is no more a new trend now but is still the promising concept. Lipid-based drug delivery systems (LBDDS) are one of the emerging technologies designed to address challenges like the solubility and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. Lipid-based formulations can be tailored to meet a wide range of product requirements dictated by disease indication, route of administration, cost consideration, product stability, toxicity, and efficacy. These formulations are also a commercially viable strategy to formulate pharmaceuticals, for topical, oral, pulmonary, or parenteral delivery. In addition, lipid-based formulations have been shown to reduce the toxicity of various drugs by changing the biodistribution of the drug away from sensitive organs. However, the number of applications for lipid-based formulations has expanded as the nature and type of active drugs under investigation have become more varied. This paper mainly focuses on novel lipid-based formulations, namely, emulsions, vesicular systems, and lipid particulate systems and their subcategories as well as on their prominent applications in pharmaceutical drug delivery.
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98
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Jung IW, Han HK. Effective mucoadhesive liposomal delivery system for risedronate: preparation and in vitro/in vivo characterization. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:2299-306. [PMID: 24872692 PMCID: PMC4026570 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s61181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we aimed to develop chitosan-coated mucoadhesive liposomes containing risedronate to improve intestinal drug absorption. Liposomes containing risedronate were prepared with 1,2-distearoryl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and distearoryl-sn-glycero-3-[phospho-rac-(1-glycerol)] using the freeze-drying method, with subsequent coating of the anionic surfaces of the liposomes with chitosan. The in vitro characteristics of the chitosan-coated liposomes were investigated, including their stability, mucoadhesiveness, and Caco-2 cell permeability. This formulation was stable in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids, with the percentage of drug remaining in the liposomes being more than 90% after 24 hours of incubation. Chitosan-coated liposomes also showed strong mucoadhesive properties, implying potential electrostatic interaction with the mucous layer in the gastrointestinal tract. Compared with the untreated drug, chitosan-coated liposomes significantly enhanced the cellular uptake of risedronate, resulting in an approximately 2.1–2.6-fold increase in Caco-2 cells. Further, the chitosan-coated liposomes increased the oral exposure of risedronate by three-fold in rats. Taken together, the results of this study suggest that chitosan-coated liposomes containing risedronate should be effective for improving the bioavailability of risedronate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Il-Woo Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Ilsan-Donggu, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Kyung Han
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Ilsan-Donggu, Goyang, Republic of Korea
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99
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Caliph SM, Faassen FW, Porter CJH. The influence of intestinal lymphatic transport on the systemic exposure and brain deposition of a novel highly lipophilic compound with structural similarity to cholesterol. J Pharm Pharmacol 2014; 66:1377-87. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
To assess the role of intestinal lymphatic transport in the oral bioavailability and brain deposition of a highly lipophilic, centrally acting drug candidate (Org 49209) in comparison to cholesterol, a close structural analogue.
Methods
The intestinal lymphatic transport of Org 49209 and cholesterol was assessed in lymph-cannulated anaesthetised rats and total bioavailability evaluated in non-lymph-cannulated animals. Parallel groups were employed to examine the brain deposition of Org 49209 after intraduodenal and intraperitoneal administrations.
Key findings
The contribution of intestinal lymphatic transport to total bioavailability was similar for Org 49209 and cholesterol (approximately 40% of the absorbed dose). However, the oral bioavailability of Org 49209 was significantly (fourfold) lower than cholesterol. Brain deposition of Org 49209 was similar after intraduodenal and intraperitoneal administration. Systemic exposure, however, was higher after intraduodenal administration and brain-to-plasma ratios were therefore reduced.
Conclusion
The oral bioavailability of Org 49209 was significantly lower than that of its structural analogue cholesterol; however, intestinal lymphatic transport played a similar role in oral bioavailability for both compounds. Brain to plasma ratios were lower after intraduodenal versus intraperitoneal administration, suggesting that drug association with intestinal lymph lipoproteins may limit central nervous system access for highly lipophilic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne M Caliph
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville campus), Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - Fried W Faassen
- Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Supply, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Oss, The Netherlands
| | - Christopher J H Porter
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville campus), Parkville, Vic, Australia
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100
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Development and Evaluation of Novel Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery Systems Based on a Homolipid from Capra hircus and Its Admixtures with Melon Oil for the Delivery of Indomethacin. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS 2014; 2014:340486. [PMID: 26556192 PMCID: PMC4590822 DOI: 10.1155/2014/340486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study, goat fat (Capra hircus) and melon oil were extracted and used to formulate self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) based on either goat fat alone or its admixture with melon oil by employing escalating ratios of oil(s), surfactant blend (1 : 1 Tween 60 and Tween 80), and cosurfactant (Span 85), with or without carbosil, a glidant, for the delivery of indomethacin. The formulations were encapsulated in hard gelatin capsules and then assessed using isotropicity test, aqueous dilution stability and precipitation propensity, absolute drug content, emulsification time, in vitro drug release, and anti-inflammatory activity. The SNEDDS exhibited low precipitation propensity and excellent stability on copious dilution, as well as high drug release in vitro and in vivo. The inhibition produced by the SNEDDS was comparable to that of indomethacin injection (positive control) for much of the 5 h test period, indicating a high degree of bioavailability of the administered SNEDDS. The absolute drug contents and emulsification times fell within narrow limits. This study has shown that a 1 : 1 ratio of melon oil and goat fat could confer favourable properties with respect to drug release and anti-inflammatory activity on SNEDDS for the delivery of indomethacin, thus encouraging further development of the formulations.
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