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Kumar BS. Desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging (DESI-MSI) in disease diagnosis: an overview. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:3768-3784. [PMID: 37503728 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay00867c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Tissue analysis, which is essential to histology and is considered the benchmark for the diagnosis and prognosis of many illnesses, including cancer, is significant. During surgery, the surgical margin of the tumor is assessed using the labor-intensive, challenging, and commonly subjective technique known as frozen section histopathology. In the biopsy section, large numbers of molecules can now be visualized at once (ion images) following recent developments in [MSI] mass spectrometry imaging under atmospheric conditions. This is vastly superior to and different from the single optical tissue image processing used in traditional histopathology. This review article will focus on the advancement of desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging [DESI-MSI] technique, which is label-free and requires little to no sample preparation. Since the proportion of molecular species in normal and abnormal tissues is different, DESI-MSI can capture ion images of the distributions of lipids and metabolites on biopsy sections, which can provide rich diagnostic information. This is not a systematic review but a summary of well-known, cutting-edge and recent DESI-MSI applications in cancer research between 2018 and 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharath Sampath Kumar
- Independent Researcher, 21, B2, 27th Street, Nanganallur, Chennai 61, TamilNadu, India.
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52
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Heide M, Engelhard C. Effect of Sample Plates and Sample Matrix on the Quantification Capabilities of Surface-Assisted Flowing Atmospheric-Pressure Afterglow Mass Spectrometry (SA-FAPA-MS). APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 77:928-939. [PMID: 37151022 DOI: 10.1177/00037028231168617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Ambient desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (ADI-MS) has been broadly applied to accomplish direct analysis without sample preparation or separation. However, quantification capabilities and analytical performance are sometimes limited. Here, we report signal enhancement effects and improved quantification capabilities in plasma-based ADI-MS, when a flowing atmospheric-pressure afterglow (FAPA) source is used to probe analytes on tailored thin-layer chromatography (TLC) plates. It was found that quantitative results could be achieved when the TLC plate merely served as a sampling plate without a preceding separation step. Specifically, the dynamic response of caffeine, nicotine, acetaminophen, and progesterone was investigated with FAPA-MS on a variety of different TLC surfaces (normal-phase silica, reversed-phase-modified silica, cyano [CN]-modified silica, and dimethyl [RP2]-modified silica). All analytes were studied as single-analyte standards and in a multianalyte mixture to evaluate the effect of sample plates and sample matrix on analytical performance and competitive ionization processes. Overall, dimethyl (RP2)- and CN-modified silica resulted in superior performance compared to other TLC materials. After careful optimization and without the use of internal standards, linear ranges of five orders of magnitude were accessible for caffeine and nicotine. Limits of detection down to femtomole amounts of analyte were achieved. Quantitation limits using RP2-TLC and FAPA-MS were 0.062, 0.062l, 0.31, and 14 pmol for caffeine, nicotine, progesterone, and acetaminophen, respectively. Interestingly, the presence of nicotine at relatively high amounts reduced the signal of the other analytes, an observation that was found to correlate with the differences in the enthalpy of vaporization (ΔHvap) and proton affinity. To prove the quantitative capabilities, nicotine quantification in a real matrix-heavy e-liquid sample was demonstrated using an isotopically labeled standard. The use of TLC-based surfaces with FAPA-MS can aid in the direct and quantitative mass spectrometric investigation of complex mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Heide
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany
| | - Carsten Engelhard
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany
- Research Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and (Bio)Technology, University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany
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53
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Pereira Dos Santos NG, Maciel EVS, Vargas Medina DA, Lanças FM. NanoLC-EI-MS: Perspectives in Biochemical Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11746. [PMID: 37511506 PMCID: PMC10380556 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Although LC-MS with atmospheric pressure ionization (API) sources is the primary technique used in modern bioanalytical studies, electron ionization mass spectrometry (EI-MS) can provide some substantial advantages over it. EI-MS is a matrix effect-free technique that provides reproducible and comparable mass spectra, serving as a compound fingerprint for easy identification through automated comparison with spectral libraries. Leveraging EI-MS in biochemical studies can yield critical analytical benefits for targeted and untargeted analyses. However, to fully utilize EI-MS for heavy and non-volatile molecules, a new technology that enables the coupling of liquid chromatography with EI-MS is needed. Recent advancements in nanoLC have addressed the compatibility issues between LC and EI-MS, and innovative interfacing strategies such as Direct-EI, liquid electron ionization (LEI), and Cold-EI have extended the application of EI-MS beyond the determination of volatile organic molecules. This review provides an overview of the latest developments in nanoLC-EI-MS interfacing technologies, discussing their scope and limitations. Additionally, selected examples of nanoLC-EI-MS applications in the field of biochemical analysis are presented, highlighting the potential prospects and benefits that the establishment of this technique can bring to this field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Fernando Mauro Lanças
- Institute of Chemistry of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, São Carlos 13566-590, Brazil
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54
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Liu J, Chen F, Song Y, Chen Y, Zhang F. Construction of a Highly Selective Enrichment, Ionization, and Detection Platform Based on a Broad-Spectrum Antibody. Anal Chem 2023. [PMID: 37449836 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Ambient mass spectrometry (AMS) allows direct analysis of various raw food samples with minimal or no sample pretreatment, but the trace analytes in complex food samples still have problems with limitations. In this work, we developed a platform based on coated stainless steel sheet spray mass spectrometry for fast, in situ, high-throughput, and high selectivity multiresidue analysis of fluoroquinolone drugs (FQs). The sensitivity of the platform was enhanced via coupling broad-spectrum antibodies against FQs to graphene oxide coated blade spray (CBS)-MS through a streptavidin-biotin (SA-biotin) interaction. The prepared platform had sufficient loading capacity for SA (1.37 mg/piece) and the antibody (84.8 μg/piece), which is greater than that of physical mixing and the EDC/NHS covalent coupling strategy. With simplified sample pretreatment, this platform demonstrated comparable sensitivity to high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) (0.08-0.16 ng/mL in phosphate-buffered saline and 0.21-0.32 ng/mL in diluted milk). Meanwhile, compared with HPLC-MS/MS, the method is rapid (enrichment: 10 min, detection: <1 min) and acceptable recoveries (81.94-102.08%) can be obtained. The presence of analytes can be monitored by MS/MS spectra, and multiple analytes can be measured simultaneously in a single assay. This study is expected to provide a powerful and portable tool for rapid laboratory analysis and reliable screening in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Institute of Food Safety, Chinese Academy of Inspection & Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China
- State Administration Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Fengming Chen
- Institute of Food Safety, Chinese Academy of Inspection & Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China
- State Administration Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Yang Song
- Institute of Food Safety, Chinese Academy of Inspection & Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China
- State Administration Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Yiping Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Institute of Food Safety, Chinese Academy of Inspection & Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China
- State Administration Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Beijing 100176, China
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55
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DeHoog RJ, Lin M, Roman G, Martin R, Suliburk J, Eberlin LS. Evaluating the Generalizability of Predictive Classifiers Built from DESI Imaging Lipid Data across Mass Spectrometry Platforms. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2023; 34:1532-1537. [PMID: 37294704 PMCID: PMC10882941 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.3c00075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we evaluate the generalizability of predictive classifiers built from DESI lipid data for thyroid fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy analysis and classification using two high-performance mass spectrometers (time-of-flight and orbitrap) suited with different DESI imaging sources operated by different users. The molecular profiles obtained from thyroid samples with the different platforms presented similar trends, although specific differences in ion abundances were observed. When using a previously published statistical model built to discriminate thyroid cancer from benign thyroid tissues to predict on a new independent data set obtained, agreement for 24 of the 30 samples across the imaging platforms was achieved. We also tested the classifier on six clinical FNAs and obtained agreement between the predictive results and clinical diagnosis for the different conditions. Altogether, our results provide evidence that statistical classifiers generated from DESI lipid data are applicable across different high-resolution mass spectrometry platforms for thyroid FNA classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel J DeHoog
- Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Monica Lin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Gregory Roman
- Waters Corporation, Milford, Massachusetts 01757, USA
| | - Roy Martin
- Waters Corporation, Milford, Massachusetts 01757, USA
| | - James Suliburk
- Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Livia S Eberlin
- Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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56
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Zhang S, Liu Q, Qu X, Li Q, Wang R, Tian J, Jiang F, Zhu J, Huang M, Bi H. μPESI-MS/MS System for Screening and Quantitating Drugs in Plasma Samples. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2023. [PMID: 37338210 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.3c00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Recently, we developed a novel microprobe electrospray ionization (μPESI) source and its coupled MS (μPESI-MS/MS) system. Here, we aimed to widely validate the μPESI-MS/MS method for quantitative analysis of drugs in plasma samples. Furthermore, the relationship between the quantitative performance of the μPESI-MS/MS method and the physicochemical properties of target drugs was analyzed. The μPESI-MS/MS methods for quantitative analysis of 5 representative drugs with a relatively wide range of molecular weight, pKa, and log P values were developed and validated. The results showed that the linearity, accuracy, and precision of these methods met the requirements of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) guidance. Then a total of 75 drugs from plasma samples were primarily detected using the μPESI-MS/MS methods, among which 48 drugs could be quantitatively measured. Logistics regression suggested that drugs with significantly greater log P and physiological charge had better quantitative performance using the μPESI-MS/MS method. Collectively, these results clearly demonstrate the practical application of the μPESI-MS/MS system as a rapid approach to the quantitative analysis of drugs in plasma samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China, 510006
| | - Qian Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China, 510006
- Guangdong RangerBio Technologies Co., Ltd., Dongguan, Guangdong China, 523000
| | - Xiangyang Qu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China, 510006
| | - Qiaoxi Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China, 510006
| | - Ruimin Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China, 510006
| | - Jianing Tian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China, 510006
| | - Fulin Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China, 510006
| | - Janshon Zhu
- Guangdong RangerBio Technologies Co., Ltd., Dongguan, Guangdong China, 523000
| | - Min Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China, 510006
| | - Huichang Bi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China, 510006
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening & NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China, 510515
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57
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Abstract
Lipids are essential cellular components forming membranes, serving as energy reserves, and acting as chemical messengers. Dysfunction in lipid metabolism and signaling is associated with a wide range of diseases including cancer and autoimmunity. Heterogeneity in cell behavior including lipid signaling is increasingly recognized as a driver of disease and drug resistance. This diversity in cellular responses as well as the roles of lipids in health and disease drive the need to quantify lipids within single cells. Single-cell lipid assays are challenging due to the small size of cells (∼1 pL) and the large numbers of lipid species present at concentrations spanning orders of magnitude. A growing number of methodologies enable assay of large numbers of lipid analytes, perform high-resolution spatial measurements, or permit highly sensitive lipid assays in single cells. Covered in this review are mass spectrometry, Raman imaging, and fluorescence-based assays including microscopy and microseparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yao
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA; , ,
| | | | - Nancy L Allbritton
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA; , ,
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58
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Atmospheric solids analysis probe-mass spectrometry (ASAP-MS) as a rapid fingerprinting technique to differentiate the harvest seasons of Tieguanyin oolong teas. Food Chem 2023; 408:135135. [PMID: 36527922 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Atmospheric solids analysis probe-mass spectrometry (ASAP-MS), an ambient mass spectrometry technique, was used to differentiate spring and autumn Tieguanyin teas. Two configurations were used to obtain their chemical fingerprints - ASAP attached to a high-resolution quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer (i.e., ASAP-QTOF) and to a single-quadrupole mass spectrometer (i.e., Radian™ ASAP™ mass spectrometer). Then, orthogonal projections to latent structures-discriminant analysis was conducted to identify features that held promise in differentiating harvest seasons. Four machine learning models - decision tree, linear discriminant analysis, support vector machine, and k-nearest neighbour - were built using these features, and high classification accuracy of up to 100% was achieved. The markers were putatively identified using their accurate masses and MS/MS fragmentation patterns from ASAP-QTOF. This approach was successfully transferred to the Radian ASAP MS, which is more deployable in the field. Overall, this study demonstrated the potential of ASAP-MS as a rapid fingerprinting tool for differentiating spring and autumn Tieguanyin.
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59
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Fedick PW, Thoreson KM, Wilkins BP, Papenmeier DM, Bohrer BC, Dilger JM. From the laboratory to the field: Chemical analysis of colored smoke pyrotechnic formulations via mass spectrometry techniques. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2023; 58:e4917. [PMID: 37130581 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Smoke dyes are complex molecular systems that have the potential to form many molecular derivatives and fragments when deployed. The chemical analysis of smoke samples is challenging due to the adiabatic temperature of the pyrotechnic combustion and the molecular complexity of the physically dispersed reaction products. Presented here is the characterization of the reaction byproducts of a simulant Mk124 smoke signal on a multigram scale, which contain the dye disperse red 9 (1-(methylamino)anthraquinone), by ambient ionization mass spectrometry. Our previous work has examined the thermal decomposition of a simplified smoke system consisting of disperse red 9, potassium chlorate, and sucrose by anaerobic pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometry performed at the laboratory milligram scale. The results from the lab scale test were compared with a fully functioned Mk124 in the field. To achieve this, Mk124 smokes were functioned in the presence of sampling swabs that collected byproduct residues from the smoke plume in the ambient environment. These swabs were then analyzed using ambient ionization mass spectrometry to identify the expended pyrotechnic residues, with particular interest in halogenated species. Previous work determined the toxicity of unforeseen byproducts identified on the laboratory scale, which were also detected in the field demonstrating the correlation of the laboratory testing to the fielded systems. By understanding the chemical composition of smokes and their reaction products, potential toxicity effects can be easily assessed, leading to safer formulations with improved performance. These results can help assess how smoke byproducts may impact Warfighter performance, personnel health, and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick W Fedick
- Chemistry Division, Research Department, Naval Air Warfare Center Weapons Division, 1900 N. Knox Road, China Lake, California, 93555, USA
| | - Kelly M Thoreson
- Naval Surface Warfare Center, Crane Division, 300 Highway 361, Crane, Indiana, 47522, USA
| | - Benjamin P Wilkins
- Naval Surface Warfare Center, Crane Division, 300 Highway 361, Crane, Indiana, 47522, USA
| | - Douglas M Papenmeier
- Naval Surface Warfare Center, Crane Division, 300 Highway 361, Crane, Indiana, 47522, USA
| | - Brian C Bohrer
- Naval Surface Warfare Center, Crane Division, 300 Highway 361, Crane, Indiana, 47522, USA
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, University of Southern Indiana, 8600 University Blvd., Evansville, Indiana, 47712, USA
| | - Jonathan M Dilger
- Naval Surface Warfare Center, Crane Division, 300 Highway 361, Crane, Indiana, 47522, USA
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60
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Chen D, Liu F, Rong Y, Qi M, Li Y, Shi X, Xie Y, Xu X. Coupling in-syringe kapok fiber-supported liquid-phase microextraction with flow injection-mass spectrometry for rapid and green biofluid analysis: Determination of antidepressants as an example. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 229:115380. [PMID: 37011550 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Quantification of substances in biofluid samples (e.g., urine, blood, and cerebrospinal fluids) are useful for clinical diagnosis. In current study, a rapid and green strategy by coupling in-syringe kapok fiber-supported liquid-phase microextraction with flow-injection mass spectrometry was proposed. The natural kapok fiber was used as an oily extraction solvent (e.g., n-octanol) support material, and an in-syringe extraction device was conveniently constructed. The whole extraction processes, including sampling, washing and desorption, were conveniently conducted by simply pulling/pushing the syringe plunger, enabling rapid analyte enrichment and sample purification. The follow-up flow injection-mass spectrometry detection enabled rapid and high throughput analysis. As an example, the proposed method was applied to analyze antidepressants in plasma/urine, showing satisfied linearities (R2 ≥0.993) in ranges of 0.2-1000 ng/mL. By employing the in-syringe extraction method prior to flow injection-mass spectrometry detection, the LOQs in plasma and urine were reduced by 25-80 folds and 5-25 folds, respectively. Besides, by employing ethanol and 80% ethanol as the desorption solvent and carrier solvent, respectively, the analytical method showed excellent greenness. In general, the integrated method provides a promising choice for rapid and green biofluid analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Chen
- Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases of Henan Province, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Fanglin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases of Henan Province, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ying Rong
- Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases of Henan Province, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Menghui Qi
- Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases of Henan Province, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yanyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases of Henan Province, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xuezhong Shi
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ya Xie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Xia Xu
- Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases of Henan Province, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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61
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Dai D, Zhu Y, Zhu Z, Qian R, Zhuo S, Liu A, Li X, Li W, Chen Q. Studies of Dopamine Oxidation Process by Atmospheric Pressure Glow Discharge Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093844. [PMID: 37175253 PMCID: PMC10179796 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
An atmospheric pressure glow discharge ionisation source was constructed and utilized to study the dopamine (DA) oxidation process coupling with mass spectrometry. During the DA oxidation process catalysed by polyphenol oxidase (PPO), six cationic intermediates were directly detected by the atmospheric pressure glow discharge mass spectrometry (APGD-MS). Combined with tandem mass spectrometry, the structures of the dopamine o-semiquinone radical (DASQ) and leukodopaminochrome radical (LDAC●) intermediates and structures of the isomers of dopaminochrome (DAC) and 5,6-dihydroxyindole (DHI) were further characterised with the introduction of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl (TEMPO) and deuterium oxide (D2O) to APGD-MS. Meanwhile, UV-Vis studies confirmed the important role of PPO in catalyzing the DA oxidation reaction. Based on APGD-MS studies, a possible mechanism could be proposed for DA oxidation catalysed by PPO. Furthermore, APGD-MS could provide possibilities for the effective detection and characterisation of short-lived intermediates, even in complicated systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongli Dai
- National Center for Inorganic Mass Spectrometry in Shanghai, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
- School of Material and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yueqin Zhu
- National Center for Inorganic Mass Spectrometry in Shanghai, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhenli Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Rong Qian
- National Center for Inorganic Mass Spectrometry in Shanghai, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shangjun Zhuo
- National Center for Inorganic Mass Spectrometry in Shanghai, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Anqi Liu
- National Center for Inorganic Mass Spectrometry in Shanghai, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xian Li
- National Center for Inorganic Mass Spectrometry in Shanghai, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Material and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Qiao Chen
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QJ, UK
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62
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Song G, Guo X, Li Q, Wang D, Yuan T, Li L, Shen Q, Zheng F, Gong J. Lipidomic fingerprinting of plasmalogen-loaded zein nanoparticles during in vitro multiple-stage digestion using rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 237:124193. [PMID: 36990418 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Plasmalogens (Pls) as the hydrophobic bioactive compound have shown potential in enhancing neurological disorders. However, the bioavailability of Pls is limited because of their poor water solubility during digestion. Herein, the hollow dextran sulfate/chitosan - coated zein nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with Pls was prepared. Subsequently, a novel in situ monitoring method utilizing rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry (REIMS) coupled with electric soldering iron ionization (ESII) was proposed to assess the lipidomic fingerprint alteration of Pls-loaded zein NPs during in vitro multiple-stage digestion in real time. A total of 22 Pls in NPs were structurally characterized and quantitatively analyzed, and the lipidomic phenotypes at each digestion stage were evaluated by multivariate data analysis. During multiple-stage digestion, Pls were hydrolyzed to lyso-Pls and free fatty acids by phospholipases A2, while the vinyl ether bond was retained at the sn-1 position. The result revealed that the contents of Pls groups were significantly reduced (p < 0.05). The multivariate data analysis results indicated that the ions at m/z 748.28, m/z 750.69, m/z 774.38, m/z 836.58, and etc. were the significant candidate contributors for monitoring the variation of Pls fingerprints during digestion. Results demonstrated that the proposed method exhibited potential for real-time tracking the lipidomic characteristics of nutritional lipid NPs digestion in the human gastrointestinal tract.
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63
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Arigò A, Famiglini G, Marittimo N, Agostini M, Renzoni C, Palma P, Cappiello A. Extractive-liquid sampling electron ionization-mass spectrometry (E-LEI-MS): a new powerful combination for direct analysis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6429. [PMID: 37081134 PMCID: PMC10119378 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33647-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
One of modern analytical chemistry main challenges is providing as fast as possible results in different application fields. In this view, real-time analysis techniques are experiencing ever-increasing success as they can provide data quickly, almost without sample preparation steps. Most of real-time approaches are based on direct mass spectrometry (DMS), a method of analyzing samples without the need for separation or pre-treatment steps. Instead, the sample is directly introduced into the mass spectrometer for analysis. In this context, ambient ionization mass spectrometry (AIMS) techniques are widely represented and successfully used. Extractive-liquid sampling electron ionization-mass spectrometry (E-LEI-MS) represents a different analytical strategy that allows coupling ambient sampling with electron ionization (EI), avoiding any sample preparation step and providing identification based on the comparison with the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) library spectra. E-LEI-MS consists of a dispositive for solvent release and sampling at ambient conditions coupled with an EI source of a single quadrupole mass spectrometer. A micromanipulator allows fine (x,y,z) positioning of a sampling tip. MS can operate in scan or SIM modes depending on the application goals and requirements. Several preliminary successful results were already obtained due to the highly informative EI mass spectra generation. The system was applied to the analysis of active ingredients in pharmaceutical tablets, pesticides on fruit peel, a drug of abuse (cocaine) determination in banknotes, and analysis of unknown components on painting surfaces. Both forensic and artwork applications allowed determining the spatial distribution of the analytes. Here we present a proof-of-concept of E-LEI-MS for targeted/non-targeted analysis and semi-quantitative detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Arigò
- LC-MS Lab, Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza Rinascimento 6, 61029, Urbino, Italy.
| | - Giorgio Famiglini
- LC-MS Lab, Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza Rinascimento 6, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Nicole Marittimo
- LC-MS Lab, Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza Rinascimento 6, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Marco Agostini
- Laboratorio di Tossicologia, A.S.T. AV1, Via Lombroso 15, 61122, Pesaro, Italy
| | - Caterina Renzoni
- Laboratorio di Tossicologia, A.S.T. AV1, Via Lombroso 15, 61122, Pesaro, Italy
| | - Pierangela Palma
- LC-MS Lab, Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza Rinascimento 6, 61029, Urbino, Italy
- Department of Chemistry, Vancouver Island University, B-360-R306, 900 Fifth St., Nanaimo, BC, Canada
| | - Achille Cappiello
- LC-MS Lab, Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza Rinascimento 6, 61029, Urbino, Italy
- Department of Chemistry, Vancouver Island University, B-360-R306, 900 Fifth St., Nanaimo, BC, Canada
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64
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Zhou W, Nazdrajić E, Pawliszyn J. High-Throughput and Rapid Screening of Drugs of Abuse in Saliva by Multi-Segment Injection Using Solid-Phase Microextraction-Automated Microfluidic Open Interface-Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2023; 95:6367-6373. [PMID: 37021600 PMCID: PMC10848236 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c05782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
There is great demand for analytical methods capable of providing high-throughput and rapid screening, especially for anti-doping and clinical point-of-care applications. In this work, automated microfluidic open interface-mass spectrometry (MOI-MS) was used for coupling with high-throughput, automated solid-phase microextraction (SPME) to achieve this objective. The design of the MOI-MS interface provides a continuous and stable electrospray fluid flow to the MS without introducing any bubble, a feature that we exploit to introduce the concept of multi-segment injection for the determination of multiple samples in a single MS run. By eliminating the need to start a new MS run between sample assays, the developed approach provides significantly simplified protocols controlled by programmed software and increased reproducibility. Furthermore, the biocompatible SPME device, which utilizes coating consisting of hydrophilic-lipophilic balanced particles embedded in a polyacrylonitrile (PAN) binder, can be directly used for biological sample analysis, as the PAN acts as both a binder and a matrix-compatible barrier, thus enabling the enrichment of small molecules while eliminating interferences associated with the presence of interfering macromolecules. The above design was employed to develop a fast, quantitative method capable of analyzing drugs of abuse in saliva samples in as little as 75 s per sample. The findings indicate that the developed method provides good analytical performance, with limits of detection ranging between 0.05 and 5 ng/mL for analysis of 16 drugs of abuse, good calibration linear correlation coefficients (R2 ≥ 0.9957), accuracy between 81 and 120%, and excellent precision (RSD% < 13%). Finally, a proof-of-concept experiment was performed to demonstrate the method's suitability for real-time analysis in anti-doping applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Emir Nazdrajić
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Janusz Pawliszyn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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Van De Steene J, Ruyssinck J, Fernandez-Pierna JA, Vandermeersch L, Maes A, Van Langenhove H, Walgraeve C, Demeestere K, De Meulenaer B, Jacxsens L, Miserez B. Fingerprinting methods for origin and variety assessment of rice: Development, validation and data fusion experiments. Food Control 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2023.109780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
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66
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Zheng Y, Huang Y, Zuo Q, Zhang Y, Wu Y, Zhang Z. On-Demand Portable Paper-Based Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry for High-Sensitivity Analysis of Complex Samples. Anal Chem 2023; 95:6163-6171. [PMID: 36996354 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c00673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
Paper spray ionization has been demonstrated to be the most promising substrate-based source, but this technique suffers from the low desorption efficiency of target compounds and poor portability. In the current study, we describe a portable paper-based electrospray ionization (PPESI) in which a piece of triangle paper and adsorbent are packed sequentially into a modified disposable micropipette tip. This source not only captures the feature of paper spray and adsorbent for highly efficient suppression of sample matrixes for target compound analysis but also takes advantage of a micropipette tip to prevent spray solvent from rapid evaporation. The performance of developed PPESI depends on the type and amount of packed adsorbent, paper substrate, and spray solvent and applied voltage. Moreover, by contrast to other related sources, the analytical sensitivity and the spray duration of PPESI in tandem with MS have been improved by factors of 2.8-32.3 and 2.0-13.3, respectively. Based on its high accuracy (>96%) and precision (less than 3% relative standard deviation), the PPESI coupled to a mass spectrometer has been used to determine diverse therapeutic drugs and pesticides in complex biological (e.g., whole blood, serum, and urine) and food (e.g., milk and orange juice) matrixes, and the limits of detection and quantification were 2-4 pg mL-1 and 7-13 pg mL-1, respectively. Taking the portability, high sensitivity, and repeatability, the technique may be a promising alternative for complex sample analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China
| | - Yajie Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China
| | - Qianqian Zuo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China
| | - Yuhua Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China
| | - Zhiping Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China
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67
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Géhin C, Tokarska J, Fowler SJ, Barran PE, Trivedi DK. No skin off your back: the sampling and extraction of sebum for metabolomics. Metabolomics 2023; 19:21. [PMID: 36964290 PMCID: PMC10038389 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-023-01982-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sebum-based metabolomics (a subset of "sebomics") is a developing field that involves the sampling, identification, and quantification of metabolites found in human sebum. Sebum is a lipid-rich oily substance secreted by the sebaceous glands onto the skin surface for skin homeostasis, lubrication, thermoregulation, and environmental protection. Interest in sebomics has grown over the last decade due to its potential for rapid analysis following non-invasive sampling for a range of clinical and environmental applications. OBJECTIVES To provide an overview of various sebum sampling techniques with their associated challenges. To evaluate applications of sebum for clinical research, drug monitoring, and human biomonitoring. To provide a commentary of the opportunities of using sebum as a diagnostic biofluid in the future. METHODS Bibliometric analyses of selected keywords regarding skin surface analysis using the Scopus search engine from 1960 to 2022 was performed on 12th January 2023. The published literature was compartmentalised based on what the work contributed to in the following areas: the understanding about sebum, its composition, the analytical technologies used, or the purpose of use of sebum. The findings were summarised in this review. RESULTS Historically, about 15 methods of sampling have been used for sebum collection. The sample preparation approaches vary depending on the analytes of interest and are summarised. The use of sebum is not limited to just skin diseases or drug monitoring but also demonstrated for other systemic disease. Most of the work carried out for untargeted analysis of metabolites associated with sebum has been in the recent two decades. CONCLUSION Sebum has a huge potential beyond skin research and understanding how one's physiological state affects or reflects on the skin metabolome via the sebaceous glands itself or by interactions with sebaceous secretion, will open doors for simpler biomonitoring. Sebum acts as a sink to environmental metabolites and has applications awaiting to be explored, such as biosecurity, cross-border migration, localised exposure to harmful substances, and high-throughput population screening. These applications will be possible with rapid advances in volatile headspace and lipidomics method development as well as the ability of the metabolomics community to annotate unknown species better. A key issue with skin surface analysis that remains unsolved is attributing the source of the metabolites found on the skin surface before meaningful biological interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Géhin
- School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - J Tokarska
- School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - S J Fowler
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - P E Barran
- School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - D K Trivedi
- School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK.
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68
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Hoyer M, Gross JH. Molecular ion formation on activated field emitters in atmospheric pressure field desorption mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:2307-2315. [PMID: 36961573 PMCID: PMC10115680 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04652-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric pressure field desorption (APFD) mass spectrometry (MS) has recently been explored as a new contribution to the field of ambient desorption/ionization (ADI). Depending on the selected polarity applied to the field emitter, ionic and polar analytes were demonstrated to deliver positive as well as negative ions. Whereas this recent study solely reported on the formation of even-electron ions of either polarity, the present work on APFD-MS demonstrates the abundant formation of positive molecular ions, M+•, from polycyclic aromatic compounds. Molecular ions were formed on and desorbed from standard 13-µm activated tungsten wire emitters at atmospheric pressure. The commercial field emitters were positioned at about 2 mm distance in front of the atmospheric pressure interface of a Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometer and the entrance electrode of the interface was set to -4.5 to -5.5 kV with respect to the emitter. Emitter-disrupting electric discharges did normally not occur under these conditions. The electric field strengths achieved at the dendritic microneedles were sufficient to allow for the abundant formation of M+• ions of various polycyclic aromatic compounds such as benzo[a]pyrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, 1,1,4,4-tetraphenyl-butadiene, and 1-aza-[6]helicene. In case of the extremely basic 1-aza-[6]helicene protonation strongly competed with molecular ion formation and tended to suppress the field ionization process. All molecular ion compositions were assured by accurate mass-based formula assignments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Hoyer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen H Gross
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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69
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Hu B. Non-invasive Sampling of Human Body Fluids Using In Vivo SPME. EVOLUTION OF SOLID PHASE MICROEXTRACTION TECHNOLOGY 2023:451-465. [DOI: 10.1039/bk9781839167300-00451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Noninvasive body fluids offer attractive sources to gain insights into human health. The in vivo solid-phase microextraction (SPME) technique is a fast and versatile sample preparation technique for the noninvasive sampling of human body fluids in various fields. This chapter summarizes the applications of SPME coupled with mass spectrometry (MS)-based approaches for noninvasive investigations of human body fluids, including urine, sweat, and saliva. New features of noninvasive SPME sampling and MS-based analysis are highlighted, and the prospects on their further development are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Hu
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment Jinan University Guangzhou 510632 China
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70
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Lv Y, Shang Y, Li L, Zhang Y, Ma Q. Online hyphenation of in-capillary aptamer-functionalized solid-phase microextraction and extraction nanoelectrospray ionization for miniature mass spectrometry analysis. Analyst 2023; 148:1815-1823. [PMID: 36939082 DOI: 10.1039/d3an00111c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Direct mass spectrometry (MS) analysis is vital to chemical and biological investigations. However, measuring complex samples is challenging due to matrix interference, resulting in compromised MS performance. In this study, an integrated experimental protocol has been developed, combining in-capillary aptamer-functionalized solid-phase microextraction (SPME), extraction nanoelectrospray ionization (nanoESI), and miniature MS analysis. The established method was applied to analyze caffeine in electronic cigarette liquid and beverage samples as proof-of-concept demonstrations. A custom SPME strip fabricated with caffeine-binding aptamers was prepared with an immobilization density of up to 0.812 nmol cm-2. Critical parameters affecting the effects of extraction, desorption, and ionization were optimized. A novel transition ion ratio-based strategy with enhanced quantitation accuracy was developed. The analytical performance of the proposed method was evaluated under optimized conditions. Acceptable recoveries of 87.5-111.5% with relative standard deviations of 3.1-6.1% and satisfactory sensitivity with limits of detection of 1.5 and 3 ng mL-1 and limits of quantitation of 5 and 10 ng mL-1 were obtained, respectively. The developed approach demonstrates a promising potential for rapid on-site applications with appealing analytical performance and efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueguang Lv
- Key Laboratory of Consumer Product Quality Safety Inspection and Risk Assessment for State Market Regulation, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China.
| | - Yuhan Shang
- Key Laboratory of Consumer Product Quality Safety Inspection and Risk Assessment for State Market Regulation, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China.
| | - Linsen Li
- Key Laboratory of Consumer Product Quality Safety Inspection and Risk Assessment for State Market Regulation, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China. .,Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Consumer Product Quality Safety Inspection and Risk Assessment for State Market Regulation, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China.
| | - Qiang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Consumer Product Quality Safety Inspection and Risk Assessment for State Market Regulation, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China.
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71
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Huang B, Xie H, Li Z. Microfluidic Methods for Generation of Submicron Droplets: A Review. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:638. [PMID: 36985045 PMCID: PMC10056697 DOI: 10.3390/mi14030638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Submicron droplets are ubiquitous in nature and widely applied in fields such as biomedical diagnosis and therapy, oil recovery and energy conversion, among others. The submicron droplets are kinetically stable, their submicron size endows them with good mobility in highly constricted pathways, and the high surface-to-volume ratio allows effective loading of chemical components at the interface and good heat transfer performance. Conventional generation technology of submicron droplets in bulk involves high energy input, or relies on chemical energy released from the system. Microfluidic methods are widely used to generate highly monodispersed micron-sized or bigger droplets, while downsizing to the order of 100 nm was thought to be challenging because of sophisticated nanofabrication. In this review, we summarize the microfluidic methods that are promising for the generation of submicron droplets, with an emphasize on the device fabrication, operational condition, and resultant droplet size. Microfluidics offer a relatively energy-efficient and versatile tool for the generation of highly monodisperse submicron droplets.
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72
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Pandey S, Hu Y, Anderson PL, Kiser JJ, Cooks RG. Miniature mass spectrometer-based point-of-care assay for measuring phosphatidylethanol in blood. Analyst 2023; 148:1430-1436. [PMID: 36892479 PMCID: PMC10061498 DOI: 10.1039/d3an00098b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate proof-of-concept for point-of-care assessment of long-term alcohol consumption by measuring phosphatidylethanol in blood/dried blood spots with nano-electrospray ionization and MS/MS using a miniature mass spectrometer. 'Abstinence', 'moderate', and 'chronic' consumption could be distinguished rapidly for both sample types, and quantitative performance was obtained with blood (LoQ-100 ng mL-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Pandey
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Yanyang Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Peter L Anderson
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Jennifer J Kiser
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - R Graham Cooks
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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73
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Kenneth Marcus R, Hoegg ED, Hall KA, Williams TJ, Koppenaal DW. Combined atomic and molecular (CAM) ionization with the liquid sampling-atmospheric pressure glow discharge microplasma. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2023; 42:652-673. [PMID: 34346101 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In a world where information-rich methods of analysis are often sought over those with superior figures of merit, there is a constant search for ionization methods which can be applied across diverse analytical systems. The liquid sampling-atmospheric pressure glow discharge (LS-APGD) is a microplasma device which has the inherent capabilities to operate as a combined atomic and molecular (CAM) ionization source. The plasma is sustained by placement of a high voltage (~500 V, dc) onto an electrolytic solution through which the analyte is generally delivered to the discharge. Judicious choice of the solvent provides a means of obtaining atomic/elemental and/or molecular mass spectra. Presented here are the diverse modes of sample introduction and mass spectrometer platforms to which the LS-APGD has been interfaced. Likewise, representative spectra and figures of merit are presented towards elemental and isotope ratio measurements, as well as application to small organic molecules, organometallic complexes, and intact proteins. It is believed that the diversity of analytical applications and ready implementation across the entirety of mass spectrometry platforms portends a level of versatility not realized with other ionization sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kenneth Marcus
- Department of Chemistry, Biosystems Research Complex, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
| | - Edward D Hoegg
- Department of Chemistry, Biosystems Research Complex, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
| | - Katja A Hall
- Department of Chemistry, Biosystems Research Complex, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
| | - Tyler J Williams
- Department of Chemistry, Biosystems Research Complex, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
| | - David W Koppenaal
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA
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Nickerson JL, Baghalabadi V, Rajendran SRCK, Jakubec PJ, Said H, McMillen TS, Dang Z, Doucette AA. Recent advances in top-down proteome sample processing ahead of MS analysis. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2023; 42:457-495. [PMID: 34047392 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Top-down proteomics is emerging as a preferred approach to investigate biological systems, with objectives ranging from the detailed assessment of a single protein therapeutic, to the complete characterization of every possible protein including their modifications, which define the human proteoform. Given the controlling influence of protein modifications on their biological function, understanding how gene products manifest or respond to disease is most precisely achieved by characterization at the intact protein level. Top-down mass spectrometry (MS) analysis of proteins entails unique challenges associated with processing whole proteins while maintaining their integrity throughout the processes of extraction, enrichment, purification, and fractionation. Recent advances in each of these critical front-end preparation processes, including minimalistic workflows, have greatly expanded the capacity of MS for top-down proteome analysis. Acknowledging the many contributions in MS technology and sample processing, the present review aims to highlight the diverse strategies that have forged a pathway for top-down proteomics. We comprehensively discuss the evolution of front-end workflows that today facilitate optimal characterization of proteoform-driven biology, including a brief description of the clinical applications that have motivated these impactful contributions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Venus Baghalabadi
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Subin R C K Rajendran
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Verschuren Centre for Sustainability in Energy and the Environment, Sydney, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Philip J Jakubec
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Hammam Said
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Teresa S McMillen
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Ziheng Dang
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Alan A Doucette
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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75
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Hu W, Hou J, Liu W, Gu X, Yang Y, Shang H, Zhang M. Online Pharmaceutical Process Analysis of Chinese Medicine Using a Miniature Mass Spectrometer: Extraction of Active Ingredients as An Example. J Pharm Anal 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2023.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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76
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Characterization of ginsenoside structural isomers from mixtures using in situ methylation with direct analysis in real-time ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:887-897. [PMID: 36571591 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04482-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Characterization of structural isomers of bioactive molecules is important for recognizing their functions, but it has been challenging due to their highly similar structures. As the main bioactive constituents of Panax ginseng, ginsenosides have different structural isomers attributed to the aglycone structure and glycosylation sites as well as stereochemistry of sugar groups attached. This work demonstrated a simple and robust in situ methylation reaction with tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) using ambient ionization source of direct analysis in real time (DART) to characterize saponin structural isomers. The DART ion source provides favorable conditions to methylate hydroxyl groups of ginsenoside instantaneously with TMAH, and it can ionize the methylated products at the same time. Methylated ginsenoside stereoisomers even with subtle structure differences generated very different mass signals from full-scan MS and tandem MS. High-resolution mass spectrometry aided the assignment of molecular structures of the various precursor and fragment ions from different ginsenosides, which provided structural information for both the aglycone skeleton and the sugar moieties in ginsenosides. The presented method was successfully used for the identification of ginsenosides in Panax ginseng, and saponin isomers were characterized without the need for chromatographic separation and/or tedious offline sample pretreatment.
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77
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Gross JH. Desorption of positive and negative ions from activated field emitters at atmospheric pressure. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2023; 29:21-32. [PMID: 36254584 PMCID: PMC9903004 DOI: 10.1177/14690667221133388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Field desorption (FD) traditionally is an ionization technique in mass spectrometry (MS) that is performed in high vacuum. So far only two studies have explored FD at atmospheric pressure or even superatmospheric pressure, respectively. This work pursues ion desorption from 13-µm activated tungsten emitters at atmospheric pressure. The emitters are positioned in front of the atmospheric pressure interface of a Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometer and the entrance electrode of the interface is set to 3-5 kV with respect to the emitter. Under these conditions positive, and for the first time, negative ion desorption is achieved. In either polarity, atmospheric pressure field desorption (APFD) is robust and spectra are reproducible. Both singly charged positive and negative ions formed by these processes are characterized by accurate mass-based formula assignments and in part by tandem mass spectrometry. The compounds analyzed include the ionic liquids trihexyl(tetradecyl) phosphonium tris(pentafluoroethyl) trifluorophosphate) and 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, the acidic compounds perfluorononanoic acid and polyethylene glycol diacid, as well as two amino-terminated polypropylene glycols. Some surface mobility on the emitter is prerequisite for ion desorption to occur. While ionic liquids inherently provide this mobility, the desorption of ions from solid analytes requires the assistance of a liquid matrix, e.g. glycerol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen H Gross
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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78
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Zhou W, Wieczorek MN, Jiang RW, Pawliszyn J. Comparison of different approaches for direct coupling of solid-phase microextraction to mass spectrometry for drugs of abuse analysis in plasma. J Pharm Anal 2023; 13:216-222. [PMID: 36908852 PMCID: PMC9999297 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2022.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The direct coupling of solid-phase microextraction (SPME) to mass spectrometry (MS) (SPME-MS) has proven to be an effective method for the fast screening and quantitative analysis of compounds in complex matrices such as blood and plasma. In recent years, our lab has developed three novel SPME-MS techniques: SPME-microfluidic open interface-MS (SPME-MOI-MS), coated blade spray-MS (CBS-MS), and SPME-probe electrospray ionization-MS (SPME-PESI-MS). The fast and high-throughput nature of these SPME-MS technologies makes them attractive options for point-of-care analysis and anti-doping testing. However, all these three techniques utilize different SPME geometries and were tested with different MS instruments. Lack of comparative data makes it difficult to determine which of these methodologies is the best option for any given application. This work fills this gap by making a comprehensive comparison of these three technologies with different SPME devices including SPME fibers, CBS blades, and SPME-PESI probes and SPME-liquid chromatography-MS (SPME-LC-MS) for the analysis of drugs of abuse using the same MS instrument. Furthermore, for the first time, we developed different desorption chambers for MOI-MS for coupling with SPME fibers, CBS blades, and SPME-PESI probes, thus illustrating the universality of this approach. In total, eight analytical methods were developed, with the experimental data showing that all the SPME-based methods provided good analytical performance with R 2 of linearities larger than 0.9925, accuracies between 81% and 118%, and good precision with an RSD% ≤ 13%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Martyna N Wieczorek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.,Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Runshan Will Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Janusz Pawliszyn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
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79
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Hu W, Zhou W, Wang C, Liu Z, Chen Z. Direct coupling in-tube solid-phase microextraction with mass spectrometry using polymer coated open-tubular column for rapid analysis of antiepileptic drugs in biofluids. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1240:340775. [PMID: 36641145 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Development of high-throughput and rapid screening analytical method is in high demand for anti-doping and clinical point-of-care (POC) analysis. Solid-phase microextraction and mass spectrometry direct coupling (SPME-MS) has been proved as a rapid and effective way for target analysis in complex sample matrixes. An online direct coupling of in-tube SPME (IT-SPME) with MS using polymer coated open-tubular column has been developed in this work. A sharp stainless-steel needle was attached at the end of the SPME column, which enables the direct ionization of the analytes after elution from the IT-SPME column. Itaconic acid-benzene co-polymer was in-situ grown on the inner surface of the fused silica capillary and used as extraction phase. This column has low backpressure and provides both hydrophobic and weak cationic exchange interaction with the target analytes due to the chemical properties. The developed online IT-SPME-MS method showed good extraction performance towards various target analytes and good reusability at least for 60 times. As a proof-of-concept application, the above method was applied for the analysis of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in both plasma and urine samples with linear range (1 ng/mL-200 ng/mL), good linearity (R2 ≥ 0.99), and good reproducibility (intra-day RSDs less than 4.36%, inter-day RSDs less than 6.55%). The method exhibited high enrichment factors between 187 and 204 for the two AEDs and high sensitivity for the analysis of human plasma samples and urine samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hu
- Department of Orthopedics Trauma and Microsurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China; Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics Trauma and Microsurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Chenlu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics Trauma and Microsurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Zichun Liu
- Department of Orthopedics Trauma and Microsurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Zilin Chen
- Department of Orthopedics Trauma and Microsurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China; Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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80
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Ren R, Yuan M, Li H, Chen DDY. Direct Identification of Disaccharide Structural Isomers Using Ambient Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry with In Situ Methylation. Anal Chem 2023; 95:2213-2220. [PMID: 36635092 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrates play critically important roles in energy supply and biological functions in living systems. However, it has been a great challenge to identify saccharides and distinguish their isomers because they have highly similar structures and many possible positions for glycosidic linkages. In this work, an ambient ionization tandem mass spectrometry method was developed to characterize disaccharide structural isomers with in situ methylation. The direct analysis in real time ion source can be used to facilitate the methylation reaction of disaccharides with tetramethylammonium hydroxide. The hydroxyl groups of disaccharides can be methylated instantaneously, and the products can be ionized at the same time. The methylated product ions from full scan mass spectrometry (MS) and tandem MS can be used to distinguish a variety of disaccharide structural isomers with different glycosidic linkages, compositions, and configurations. Characteristic marker ions were discovered, and they can be used for the assignment of linkage type and identification of specific isomeric forms. The method was used for the direct identification of disaccharide isomers from real commercial products such as honey, wine, and milk without complex sample pretreatment or chromatographic separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongfan Ren
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Minghui Yuan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hongli Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - David Da Yong Chen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.,Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
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81
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Liu L, Wang Z, Zhang Q, Mei Y, Li L, Liu H, Wang Z, Yang L. Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry for the Separation and Characterization of Small Molecules. Anal Chem 2023; 95:134-151. [PMID: 36625109 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Longchan Liu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, The Shanghai Key Laboratory for Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai201203, China
| | - Ziying Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, The Shanghai Key Laboratory for Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai201203, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, The Shanghai Key Laboratory for Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai201203, China
| | - Yuqi Mei
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, The Shanghai Key Laboratory for Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai201203, China
| | - Linnan Li
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, The Shanghai Key Laboratory for Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai201203, China
| | - Huwei Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
| | - Zhengtao Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, The Shanghai Key Laboratory for Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai201203, China
| | - Li Yang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, The Shanghai Key Laboratory for Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai201203, China.,Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai201203, China
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82
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Boronat Ena MDM, Cowan DA, Abbate V. Ambient ionization mass spectrometry applied to new psychoactive substance analysis. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2023; 42:3-34. [PMID: 34036620 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the past decade a plethora of drugs with similar effects to controlled psychoactive drugs, like cannabis, amfetamine (amphetamine), or lysergic acid diethylamide, have been synthesized. These drugs can collectively be classified under the term new psychoactive substances (NPS) and are used for recreational purposes. The novelty of the substances, alongside the rapid rate of emergence and structural variability, makes their detection as well as their legal control highly challenging, increasing the demand for rapid and easy-to-use analytical techniques for their detection and identification. Therefore, interest in ambient ionization mass spectrometry applied to NPS has grown in recent years, which is largely because it is relatively fast and simple to use and has a low operating cost. This review aims to provide a critique of the suitability of current ambient ionization techniques for the analysis of NPS in the forensic and clinical toxicology fields. Consideration is given to analytical performance and ease of implementation, including ionization efficiency, selectivity, sensitivity, quantification, analyte chemistry, molecular coverage, validation, and practicality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Del Mar Boronat Ena
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, London, UK
| | - David A Cowan
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, London, UK
| | - Vincenzo Abbate
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, London, UK
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83
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Ogrinc N, Chaillou P, Kruszewski A, Duriez C, Salzet M, Fournier I. Ambient Mass Spectrometry Imaging by Water-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization for Ex Vivo and in Vivo Applications. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2688:83-94. [PMID: 37410286 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3319-9_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Water-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (WALDI-MS), also known as SpiderMass, is an emerging ambient ionization technique for in vivo and real-time analysis. It employs a remote infrared (IR) laser tuned to excite the most intense vibrational band (O-H) of water. The water molecules act as an endogenous matrix leading to the desorption/ionization of a variety of biomolecules from tissues, particularly metabolites and lipids. WALDI-MS was recently advanced into an imaging modality for ex vivo 2D sections and 3D in vivo real-time imaging. Here, we describe the methodological aspects for performing 2D and 3D imaging experiments with WALDI-MSI and the parameters for optimizing the image acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Ogrinc
- Université de Lille, Inserm, U1192 - Protéomique Réponse Inflammatoire Spectrométrie de Masse - PRISM, Lille, France
| | - Paul Chaillou
- Université de Lille, Inserm, U1192 - Protéomique Réponse Inflammatoire Spectrométrie de Masse - PRISM, Lille, France
| | - Alexandre Kruszewski
- Université de Lille, Inserm, U1192 - Protéomique Réponse Inflammatoire Spectrométrie de Masse - PRISM, Lille, France
| | - Cristian Duriez
- Université de Lille, Inserm, U1192 - Protéomique Réponse Inflammatoire Spectrométrie de Masse - PRISM, Lille, France
| | - Michel Salzet
- Université de Lille, Inserm, U1192 - Protéomique Réponse Inflammatoire Spectrométrie de Masse - PRISM, Lille, France
| | - Isabelle Fournier
- Université de Lille, Inserm, U1192 - Protéomique Réponse Inflammatoire Spectrométrie de Masse - PRISM, Lille, France.
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84
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Yue H, He F, Zhao Z, Duan Y. Plasma-based ambient mass spectrometry: Recent progress and applications. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2023; 42:95-130. [PMID: 34128567 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ambient mass spectrometry (AMS) has grown as a group of advanced analytical techniques that allow for the direct sampling and ionization of the analytes in different statuses from their native environment without or with minimum sample pretreatments. As a significant category of AMS, plasma-based AMS has gained a lot of attention due to its features that allow rapid, real-time, high-throughput, in vivo, and in situ analysis in various fields, including bioanalysis, pharmaceuticals, forensics, food safety, and mass spectrometry imaging. Tens of new methods have been developed since the introduction of the first plasma-based AMS technique direct analysis in real-time. This review first provides a comprehensive overview of the established plasma-based AMS techniques from their ion source configurations, mechanisms, and developments. Then, the progress of the representative applications in various scientific fields in the past 4 years (January 2017 to January 2021) has been summarized. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and propose the future directions of plasma-based AMS from our perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanlu Yue
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Feiyao He
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhongjun Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yixiang Duan
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- School of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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85
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Vitali C, Janssen HG, Ruggeri FS, Nielen MWF. Rapid Single Particle Atmospheric Solids Analysis Probe-Mass Spectrometry for Multimodal Analysis of Microplastics. Anal Chem 2022; 95:1395-1401. [PMID: 36547121 PMCID: PMC9850409 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Despite mass spectrometry (MS) being proven powerful for the characterization of synthetic polymers, its potential for the analysis of single particle microplastics (MPs) is yet to be fully disclosed. To date, MPs are regarded as ubiquitous contaminants, but the limited availability of techniques that enable full characterizations of MPs results in a lack of systematic data regarding their occurrence. In this study, an atmospheric solid analysis probe (ASAP) coupled to a compact quadrupole MS is proposed for the chemical analysis of single particle microplastics, while maintaining full compatibility with complementary staining and image analysis approaches. A two-stage ASAP probe temperature program was optimized for the removal of additives and surface contaminants followed by the actual polymer characterization. The method showed specific mass spectra for a wide range of single particle MPs, including polyolefins, polyaromatics, polyacrylates, (bio)polyesters, polyamides, polycarbonates, and polyacrylonitriles. The single particle size detection limits for polystyrene MPs were found to be 30 and 5 μm in full scan and selected ion recording mode, respectively. Moreover, results are presented of a multimodal microplastic analysis approach in which filtered particles are first characterized by staining and fluorescence microscopy, followed by simple probe picking of individual particles for subsequent analysis by ASAP-MS. The method provides a full characterization of MP contamination, including particle number, particle size, particle shape, and chemical identity. The applicability of the developed multimodal method was successfully demonstrated by the analysis of MPs in bioplastic bottled water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clementina Vitali
- Wageningen
Food Safety Research, Wageningen University
& Research, Akkermaalsbos 2, 6708 WB Wageningen, The Netherlands,Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands, (C. Vitali)
| | - Hans-Gerd Janssen
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands,Unilever
Foods Innovation Centre − Hive, Bronland 14, 6708
WH Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Francesco Simone Ruggeri
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands,Physical
Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands, (F. S. Ruggeri)
| | - Michel W. F. Nielen
- Wageningen
Food Safety Research, Wageningen University
& Research, Akkermaalsbos 2, 6708 WB Wageningen, The Netherlands,Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
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86
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Bouza M, García-Martínez J, Gilbert-López B, Brandt S, García-Reyes JF, Molina-Díaz A, Franzke J. Dielectric Barrier Discharge Ionization Mechanisms: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons as a Case of Study. Anal Chem 2022; 95:854-861. [PMID: 36538370 PMCID: PMC9850405 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Dielectric barrier discharge ionization (DBDI) is a versatile tool for small-molecule mass spectrometry applications, helping cover from polar to low polar molecules. However, the plasma gas-phase interactions are highly complex and have been scarcely investigated. The ionization mechanisms of plasmas have long been assumed to be somewhat similar to atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI). Here, we evaluated the ionization mechanisms of a two-ring DBDI ion source, using different discharge gases to analyze vaporized liquid samples. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were used as model analytes to assess the mechanisms' dominance: protonation, [M + H]+, or radical ion species formation, [M]·+. In the present work, two different ionization trends were observed for APCI and DBDI during the PAH analysis; the compounds with proton affinities (PA) over 856 kJ/mol were detected as [M + H]+ when APCI was used as ionization source. Meanwhile, independently of the PA, DBDI showed the prevalence of charge exchange reactions. The addition of dopants in the gas-phase region shifted the ionization mechanisms toward charge exchange reactions, facilitating the formation of [M]·+ ion species, showing anisole a significant boost of the PAH radical ion species signals, over nine times for Ar-Prop-DBDI analysis. The presence of high-energy metastable atoms (e.g., HeM) with high ionization potentials (IE = 19.80 eV) did not show boosted PAH abundances or extensive molecule fragmentation. Moreover, other species in the plasma jet region with closer and more appropriate IE, such as N2 B3Πg excited molecules, are likely responsible for PAH Penning ionization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Bouza
- Analytical
Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071Jaén, Spain,. Phone: +34 953 212758
| | - Julio García-Martínez
- Analytical
Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071Jaén, Spain
| | - Bienvenida Gilbert-López
- Analytical
Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071Jaén, Spain
| | - Sebastian Brandt
- ISAS—Leibniz
Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften, Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Str. 11, 44139Dortmund, Germany
| | - Juan F. García-Reyes
- Analytical
Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071Jaén, Spain
| | - Antonio Molina-Díaz
- Analytical
Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071Jaén, Spain
| | - Joachim Franzke
- ISAS—Leibniz
Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften, Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Str. 11, 44139Dortmund, Germany,. Phone: +49 0231 1392-174
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87
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Hassoun A, Anusha Siddiqui S, Smaoui S, Ucak İ, Arshad RN, Bhat ZF, Bhat HF, Carpena M, Prieto MA, Aït-Kaddour A, Pereira JA, Zacometti C, Tata A, Ibrahim SA, Ozogul F, Camara JS. Emerging Technological Advances in Improving the Safety of Muscle Foods: Framing in the Context of the Food Revolution 4.0. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2022.2149776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdo Hassoun
- Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, UMRt 1158 BioEcoAgro, USC ANSES, INRAe, Univ. Artois, Univ. Lille, Univ. Picardie Jules Verne, Univ. Liège, Junia, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
- Sustainable AgriFoodtech Innovation & Research (SAFIR), Arras, France
| | - Shahida Anusha Siddiqui
- Department of Biotechnology and Sustainability, Technical University of Munich, Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Straubing, Germany
- German Institute of Food Technologies (DIL e.V.), Quakenbrück, Germany
| | - Slim Smaoui
- Laboratory of Microbial, Enzymatic Biotechnology and Biomolecules (LBMEB), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax-Tunisia, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - İ̇lknur Ucak
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University, Nigde, Turkey
| | - Rai Naveed Arshad
- Institute of High Voltage & High Current, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Zuhaib F. Bhat
- Division of Livestock Products Technology, SKUASTof Jammu, Jammu, Kashmir, India
| | - Hina F. Bhat
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, SKUASTof Kashmir, Kashmir, India
| | - María Carpena
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department. Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Prieto
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department. Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense, Spain
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolonia, Bragança, Portugal
| | | | - Jorge A.M. Pereira
- CQM—Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Carmela Zacometti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Delle Venezie, Laboratorio di Chimica Sperimentale, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Alessandra Tata
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Delle Venezie, Laboratorio di Chimica Sperimentale, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Salam A. Ibrahim
- Food and Nutritional Sciences Program, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
| | - Fatih Ozogul
- Department of Seafood Processing Technology, Faculty of Fisheries, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - José S. Camara
- CQM—Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Funchal, Portugal
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências Exatas e Engenharia, Campus da Penteada, Universidade da Madeira, Funchal, Portugal
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88
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Song Y, Zhang Y, Xie S, Song X. Screening and diagnosis of triple negative breast cancer based on rapid metabolic fingerprinting by conductive polymer spray ionization mass spectrometry and machine learning. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1075810. [PMID: 36589750 PMCID: PMC9798417 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1075810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We present the use of conductive spray polymer ionization mass spectrometry (CPSI-MS) combined with machine learning (ML) to rapidly gain the metabolic fingerprint from 1 μl liquid extraction from the biopsied tissue of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) in China. The 76 discriminative metabolite markers are verified at the primary carcinoma site and can also be successfully tracked in the serum. The Lasso classifier featured with 15- and 22-metabolites detected by CPSI-MS achieve a sensitivity of 88.8% for rapid serum screening and a specificity of 91.1% for tissue diagnosis, respectively. Finally, the expression levels of their corresponding upstream enzymes and transporters have been initially confirmed. In general, CPSI-MS/ML serves as a cost-effective tool for the rapid screening, diagnosis, and precise characterization for the TNBC metabolism reprogramming in the clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyao Song
- Department of General Surgery, The Sixth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China,Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Sixth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Songhai Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaowei Song
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Xiaowei Song,
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89
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Xiang Z, Zheng Y, Huang Y, Shi J, Zhang Z. Focusing Plasma Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2022; 94:17090-17101. [PMID: 36444961 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A plasma-based source named focusing plasma desorption/ionization (FPDI) is described, which applies a high direct current voltage between a metal wire inside a polymeric hollow truncated cone and a piece of a one-sided coated conducting paper substrate. The conducting paper acts as both the counter electrode and the sample carrier. Upon the generation of a visible plasma beam, it would directly ionize the samples spotted on the conducting paper substrate or located around the plasma beam. The signal intensity of target analytes in mass spectrometric analysis is dependent highly on whether the conducting paper substrate is grounded or not, the type of conducting paper substrate, the inside diameter of the polymeric hollow truncated cone tip, the metal wire tip-to-polymer tip distance, the polymer tip-to-paper substrate distance, the applied voltage, and the helium flow rate. Based on the experimental observation, a plausible mechanism is proposed for the generation of the plasma beam from FPDI. Compared to the available low-temperature plasma, flowing atmospheric-pressure afterglow, and helium plasma ionization sources, FPDI has demonstrated higher sensitivity and better compatibility with commercial mass spectrometers without any extra power supplies. As a proof of concept, FPDI coupled with a mass spectrometer has also been applied for the discrimination of different brands of gasoline and determination of solid tablets and pesticides with limits of detection in the range of 2.2 to 30.7 ng mL-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Xiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710065, China
| | - Yajun Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710065, China
| | - Yajie Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710065, China
| | - Jun Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710065, China
| | - Zhiping Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710065, China
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90
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Torres-Ortega R, Guillén-Alonso H, Alcalde-Vázquez R, Ramírez-Chávez E, Molina-Torres J, Winkler R. In Vivo Low-Temperature Plasma Ionization Mass Spectrometry (LTP-MS) Reveals Regulation of 6-Pentyl-2H-Pyran-2-One (6-PP) as a Physiological Variable during Plant-Fungal Interaction. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12121231. [PMID: 36557269 PMCID: PMC9783819 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12121231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) comprises a broad class of small molecules (up to ~300 g/mol) produced by biological and non-biological sources. VOCs play a vital role in an organism's metabolism during its growth, defense, and reproduction. The well-known 6-pentyl-α-pyrone (6-PP) molecule is an example of a major volatile biosynthesized by Trichoderma atroviride that modulates the expression of PIN auxin-transport proteins in primary roots of Arabidopsis thaliana during their relationship. Their beneficial relation includes lateral root formation, defense induction, and increased plant biomass production. The role of 6-PP has been widely studied due to its relevance in this cross-kingdom relationship. Conventional VOCs measurements are often destructive; samples require further preparation, and the time resolution is low (around hours). Some techniques enable at-line or real-time analyses but are highly selective to defined compounds. Due to these technical constraints, it is difficult to acquire relevant information about the dynamics of VOCs in biological systems. Low-temperature plasma (LTP) ionization allows the analysis of a wide range of VOCs by mass spectrometry (MS). In addition, LTP-MS requires no sample preparation, is solvent-free, and enables the detection of 6-PP faster than conventional analytical methods. Applying static statistical methods such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Discriminant Factorial Analysis (DFA) leads to a loss of information since the biological systems are dynamic. Thus, we applied a time series analysis to find patterns in the signal changes. Our results indicate that the 6-PP signal is constitutively emitted by T. atroviride only; the signal shows high skewness and kurtosis. In A. thaliana grown alone, no signal corresponding to 6-PP is detected above the white noise level. However, during T. atroviride-A. thaliana interaction, the signal performance showed reduced skewness and kurtosis with high autocorrelation. These results suggest that 6-PP is a physiological variable that promotes homeostasis during the plant-fungal relationship. Although the molecular mechanism of this cross-kingdom control is still unknown, our study indicates that 6-PP has to be regulated by A. thaliana during their interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosina Torres-Ortega
- Department of Biotechnology and Biochemistry, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV), Irapuato 36824, Mexico
- UGA-Langebio, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV) Irapuato, Km. 9.6 Libramiento Norte Carr. Irapuato-León, Irapuato 36824, Mexico
| | - Héctor Guillén-Alonso
- Department of Biotechnology and Biochemistry, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV), Irapuato 36824, Mexico
- UGA-Langebio, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV) Irapuato, Km. 9.6 Libramiento Norte Carr. Irapuato-León, Irapuato 36824, Mexico
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Nacional Technological Institute, Celaya 38010, Mexico
| | - Raúl Alcalde-Vázquez
- Department of Biotechnology and Biochemistry, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV), Irapuato 36824, Mexico
- UGA-Langebio, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV) Irapuato, Km. 9.6 Libramiento Norte Carr. Irapuato-León, Irapuato 36824, Mexico
| | - Enrique Ramírez-Chávez
- Department of Biotechnology and Biochemistry, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV), Irapuato 36824, Mexico
| | - Jorge Molina-Torres
- Department of Biotechnology and Biochemistry, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV), Irapuato 36824, Mexico
| | - Robert Winkler
- Department of Biotechnology and Biochemistry, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV), Irapuato 36824, Mexico
- UGA-Langebio, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV) Irapuato, Km. 9.6 Libramiento Norte Carr. Irapuato-León, Irapuato 36824, Mexico
- Correspondence:
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91
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Lee CW, Su H, Shiea J. Potential applications and challenges of novel ambient ionization mass spectrometric techniques in the emergency care for acute poisoning. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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92
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Authenticity analysis of oregano: development, validation and fitness for use of several food fingerprinting techniques. Food Res Int 2022; 162:111962. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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93
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Cao G, Zhang J, Wang W, Wu P, Ru Y, Cai Z. Mass spectrometry analysis of a ubiquitous tire rubber-derived quinone in the environment. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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94
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Teng K, Shi J, Zhu Y, Yu Q. Micro-tapered aperture nebulization ionization for versatile mass spectrometry analysis. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:4886-4892. [PMID: 36420596 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay01657e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The bloom of new ionization sources is promoting the prosperity and application of mass spectrometry analysis. In this study, we introduced a new (high) voltage-free ionization method termed micro-tapered aperture nebulization ionization (MANI), which only requires the use of a common micro-tapered aperture atomizer to operate. It is found that liquid nebulization on this type of atomizer can induce ionization of the dissolved analytes in the droplets without the assistance of additional voltage and gas. By assembling the commercially available atomizer module into a 3D-printed chamber, a compact MANI source was constructed and then characterized. This source has a high ion yield and satisfactory quantitative performance, and it is preferably used to analyze aqueous solutions. Furthermore, it exhibits broad applicability and can be easily extended to multiple applications, including liquid extraction surface analysis of solid samples and direct analysis of gaseous analytes via secondary spray ionization. In short, the MANI source is a simple, safe, green, and versatile tool that can assist mass spectrometers to perform routine and diverse analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keguo Teng
- Division of Advanced Manufacturing, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Jianbo Shi
- Open FIESTA, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yanping Zhu
- Division of Advanced Manufacturing, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Quan Yu
- Division of Advanced Manufacturing, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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95
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Katz L, Woolman M, Kiyota T, Pires L, Zaidi M, Hofer SO, Leong W, Wouters BG, Ghazarian D, Chan AW, Ginsberg HJ, Aman A, Wilson BC, Berman HK, Zarrine-Afsar A. Picosecond Infrared Laser Mass Spectrometry Identifies a Metabolite Array for 10 s Diagnosis of Select Skin Cancer Types: A Proof-of-Concept Feasibility Study. Anal Chem 2022; 94:16821-16830. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Katz
- Techna Institute for the Advancement of Technology for Health, University Health Network, 100 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1P5, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Michael Woolman
- Techna Institute for the Advancement of Technology for Health, University Health Network, 100 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1P5, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Taira Kiyota
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research (OICR), 661 University Ave Suite 510, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Layla Pires
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Mark Zaidi
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Stefan O.P. Hofer
- Techna Institute for the Advancement of Technology for Health, University Health Network, 100 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1P5, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, 149 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1P5, Canada
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, University Health Network, University of Toronto. Toronto General Hospital, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Wey Leong
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C1, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, 149 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1P5, Canada
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto Ontario M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Brad G. Wouters
- Techna Institute for the Advancement of Technology for Health, University Health Network, 100 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1P5, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Danny Ghazarian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto and University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - An-Wen Chan
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada and Women’s College Research Institute, Women’s College Hospital, 76 Grenville St, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1B2, Canada
| | - Howard J. Ginsberg
- Techna Institute for the Advancement of Technology for Health, University Health Network, 100 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1P5, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, 149 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1P5, Canada
- Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Science & the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Ahmed Aman
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research (OICR), 661 University Ave Suite 510, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A3, Canada
- Leslie Dan, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College St, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Brian C. Wilson
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Hal K. Berman
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C1, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Arash Zarrine-Afsar
- Techna Institute for the Advancement of Technology for Health, University Health Network, 100 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1P5, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, 149 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1P5, Canada
- Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Science & the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada
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96
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Schneemann J, Schäfer KC, Spengler B, Heiles S. IR-MALDI Mass Spectrometry Imaging with Plasma Post-Ionization of Nonpolar Metabolites. Anal Chem 2022; 94:16086-16094. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julian Schneemann
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | | | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Sven Heiles
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V., Otto-Hahn-Straße 6b, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
- Lipidomics, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
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97
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Zhou W, Pawliszyn J. Coated Blade Spray with a Barrier: Improving Negative Electrospray Ionization and Sample Preparation. Anal Chem 2022; 94:15879-15886. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, OntarioN2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Janusz Pawliszyn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, OntarioN2L 3G1, Canada
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98
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Yang J, Xiong W, Liu C, Li J, Zhu R, Xia J, Yin Z, Tian R, Tang S, Li Z, Li H, Han Y, Si X, Jiang W, He P, Zhang F, Xu Y, Liu Z. Direct adsorption sampling and ambient mass spectrometry analysis of tobacco smoke with porous paper strips. Front Chem 2022; 10:1037542. [PMID: 36386000 PMCID: PMC9643588 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1037542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical analysis of atmospheric aerosols by conventional analytical methods is usually required to perform complicated and time-consuming sample preparation processes. In recent decades, ambient ionization mass spectrometry (AI-MS) methods have been proven to be simple, rapid, and effective analytical tools for direct analysis of various complex samples. In this work, we applied porous paper filters for direct adsorptive sampling of tobacco smoke, and then the sampled paper filters were performed the emitters of the paper spray ionization (PSI) device. An auto-sampling device was made to control the generation and collection of tobacco smoke. Nicotine, the typical compound of tobacco smoke, was used to optimize the key conditions of auto-sampling. Moreover, different types of tobacco smoke were also compared with multivariate variable analysis, and the makers of tobacco smoke from different sources of tobacco smoke were investigated. By using this method, direct sampling and analysis of a single tobacco sample can be completed within minutes. Overall, our results show that PSI-MS is a powerful tool that integrates collection, extraction, ionization, and identification analytes in smoke.
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99
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Lin M, Blevins MS, Sans M, Brodbelt JS, Eberlin LS. Deeper Understanding of Solvent-Based Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry: Are Molecular Profiles Primarily Dictated by Extraction Mechanisms? Anal Chem 2022; 94:14734-14744. [PMID: 36228313 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Solvent-based ambient ionization mass spectrometry (MS) techniques provide a powerful approach for direct chemical analysis and molecular profiling of biological tissues. While molecular profiling of tissues has been widely used for disease diagnosis, little is understood about how the interplay among solvent properties, matrix effects, and ion suppression can influence the detection of biological molecules. Here, we perform a systematic investigation of the extraction processes of lipids using an ambient ionization droplet microsampling platform to investigate how the physicochemical properties of the solvent systems and extraction time influence molecular extraction and detection. Direct molecular profiling and quantitative liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) of discrete solvent droplets after surface sampling were investigated to provide insights into extraction and ionization mechanisms. The results of this study suggest that intermolecular interactions such as hydrogen bonding play a major role in extraction and detection of lipids using solvent-based ambient ionization techniques. In addition, extraction time was observed to impact the molecular profiles obtained, suggesting optimization of this parameter can be performed to favor detection of specific analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Lin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas78712, United States
| | - Molly S Blevins
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas78712, United States
| | - Marta Sans
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas78712, United States
| | - Jennifer S Brodbelt
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas78712, United States
| | - Livia S Eberlin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas78712, United States.,Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas77030, United States
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100
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Wang X, Hebert DD, Runsewe DO, Pohlman GE, Hoffmann WD, Irvin JA. Electroactive Polymer-Based Spray Ionization for Direct Mass Spectrometric Analysis. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2022; 33:1840-1849. [PMID: 36149251 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.2c00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemically deposited electroactive polymer (EAP) films were investigated for their potential to enhance the performance of ambient ionization mass spectrometry (MS). Several EAPs of varying hydrophobicity were evaluated, including the superhydrophobic polymer poly[3,4-(2-dodecylethylenedioxy)thiophene] (PEDOT-C12). The EAPs were electropolymerized onto indium tin oxide-coated glass, placed in front of the inlet of a mass spectrometer, and charged to 3.5-4.5 kV. Analyte solutions were then applied to the surface, initiating ionization events. Analytes including peptides and small molecule pharmaceuticals were studied in 0.1% formic acid in methanol/water ("spray solvent") as well as in synthetic biological fluid matrices, using both EAP spray ionization (EAPSI) and paper spray ionization (PSI). Each EAPSI analysis required as little as 0.1 μL of solution, and the resulting sprays were stable and reproducible. The sensitivity, limit of detection (LOD), and limit of quantification (LOQ) were evaluated using bradykinin, cannabinol, and cannabidiol, which were prepared in pure solvents, artificial urine, and artificial saliva. The limits of detection and quantitation for EAPSI were improved relative to PSI by 1-2 orders of magnitude for analytes prepared in methanol/water and on the same order of magnitude as PSI for analytes prepared in artificial saliva and urine. This EAP-based spray ionization technique offers possibilities for rapid MS analysis with small sample sizes, high accuracy, and miniaturization of MS instruments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- Materials Science, Engineering and Commercialization Program, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas 78666, United States
| | - David D Hebert
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas 78666, United States
| | - Damilola O Runsewe
- Materials Science, Engineering and Commercialization Program, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas 78666, United States
| | - Gabriel E Pohlman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas 78666, United States
| | - William D Hoffmann
- Materials Science, Engineering and Commercialization Program, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas 78666, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas 78666, United States
| | - Jennifer A Irvin
- Materials Science, Engineering and Commercialization Program, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas 78666, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas 78666, United States
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