51
|
Liu N, Zhu L, Sun H, Zhou Z, Dong J, Sun M. Crosslinked Protein Delivery Strategy with Precise Activity Regulation Properties for Cancer Therapy and Gene Editing. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2102329. [PMID: 35032155 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202102329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Protein drugs hold tremendous promise for therapeutic applications due to their direct and superior pharmacological effects. However, protein drugs can be degraded in blood stream and unable to cross many physical barriers to exert therapeutic effect. Degradable synthetic crosslinking is a versatile strategy to enhance the stability of the nanoparticle in a complex physiological medium and is helpful to get through physical barriers. Herein, crosslinked polypeptide (PABP) composed of poly-amino acids including cystine, tyrosine, lysine, ketal bridge, and polyethylene glycol (PEG) is modularly explored and synthesized for protein delivery. Notably, plasma membrane V-ATPase is the particular pathway which induces the macropinocytosis of the inner peptide analogous core (PAB/protein) after the outer PEG shell disassociation at tumor intercellular sites. In addition, PABP/protein achieves proteins' activity shielding in systemic circulation and recovery in tumor cytoplasm precisely. In application, PABP/RNase-A shows satisfying tumor accumulation and antineoplastic efficacy. More importantly, PABP/Cas9 + small guide RNA displays obvious gene editing efficiency. The crosslinked protein delivery strategy not only makes the accurate protein transport and activity regulation possible but also is promising in paving the way for clinical translation of protein drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Liu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Department of Pharmaceutics China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Lianghan Zhu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Department of Pharmaceutics China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Honghao Sun
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Department of Pharmaceutics China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Zhanwei Zhou
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Department of Pharmaceutics China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Jingwen Dong
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Department of Pharmaceutics China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Minjie Sun
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Department of Pharmaceutics China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 China
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Tsuji R, Ogata S, Mochizuki S. Interaction between CD44 and highly condensed hyaluronic acid through crosslinking with proteins. Bioorg Chem 2022; 121:105666. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
|
53
|
Barrios A, Estrada M, Moon JH. Carbamoylated Guanidine-Containing Polymers for Non-Covalent Functional Protein Delivery in Serum-Containing Media. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202116722. [PMID: 34995405 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202116722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Despite the high potential of controlling cellular processes and treating various diseases by intracellularly delivered proteins, current delivery systems exhibit poor efficiency due to poor serum stability, cellular entry, and cytosolic availability of proteins. Here, we report a novel functional group, phenyl carbamoylated guanidine (Ph-CG), that greatly enhances the delivery efficiency to various types of cells. Owing to the substantially lowered pKa , the hydrophobic Ph-CG offers optimized inter-macromolecular interactions via enhanced hydrogen-bonding and hydrophobic interactions. The coplanarity of Ph-CG also leads to the better intracellular entry of protein complexes. Intracellularly delivered apoptosis-inducing enzymes and antibodies significantly induce cell viability inhibitions in a serum-containing medium. The newly developed Ph-CG can be introduced to various existing carriers, leading to the realization of future therapeutic protein delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Barrios
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Biomolecular Sciences Institutes, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St., Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Marilen Estrada
- Department of Natural and Applied Sciences, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St., Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Joong Ho Moon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Biomolecular Sciences Institutes, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St., Miami, FL 33199, USA
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Tietz O, Cortezon-Tamarit F, Chalk R, Able S, Vallis KA. Tricyclic cell-penetrating peptides for efficient delivery of functional antibodies into cancer cells. Nat Chem 2022; 14:284-293. [PMID: 35145246 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-021-00866-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The intracellular environment hosts a large number of cancer- and other disease-relevant human proteins. Targeting these with internalized antibodies would allow therapeutic modulation of hitherto undruggable pathways, such as those mediated by protein-protein interactions. However, one of the major obstacles in intracellular targeting is the entrapment of biomacromolecules in the endosome. Here we report an approach to delivering antibodies and antibody fragments into the cytosol and nucleus of cells using trimeric cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs). Four trimers, based on linear and cyclic sequences of the archetypal CPP Tat, are significantly more potent than monomers and can be tuned to function by direct interaction with the plasma membrane or escape from vesicle-like bodies. These studies identify a tricyclic Tat construct that enables intracellular delivery of functional immunoglobulin-G antibodies and Fab fragments that bind intracellular targets in the cytosol and nuclei of live cells at effective concentrations as low as 1 μM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ole Tietz
- Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Rod Chalk
- Centre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sarah Able
- Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Katherine A Vallis
- Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Chan A, Wang HH, Haley RM, Song C, Gonzalez-Martinez D, Bugaj L, Mitchell MJ, Tsourkas A. Cytosolic Delivery of Small Protein Scaffolds Enables Efficient Inhibition of Ras and Myc. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:1104-1116. [PMID: 35225618 PMCID: PMC8983512 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The ability to deliver small protein scaffolds intracellularly could enable the targeting and inhibition of many therapeutic targets that are not currently amenable to inhibition with small-molecule drugs. Here, we report the engineering of small protein scaffolds with anionic polypeptides (ApPs) to promote electrostatic interactions with positively charged nonviral lipid-based delivery systems. Proteins fused with ApPs are either complexed with off-the-shelf cationic lipids or encapsulated within ionizable lipid nanoparticles for highly efficient cytosolic delivery (up to 90%). The delivery of protein inhibitors is used to inhibit two common proto-oncogenes, Ras and Myc, in two cancer cell lines. This report demonstrates the feasibility of combining minimally engineered small protein scaffolds with tractable nanocarriers to inhibit intracellular proteins that are generally considered "undruggable" with current small molecule drugs and biologics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Chan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Hejia Henry Wang
- Department Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Rebecca M. Haley
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Cindy Song
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - David Gonzalez-Martinez
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Lukasz Bugaj
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Michael J. Mitchell
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Andrew Tsourkas
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Sun Y, Lau SY, Lim ZW, Chang SC, Ghadessy F, Partridge A, Miserez A. Phase-separating peptides for direct cytosolic delivery and redox-activated release of macromolecular therapeutics. Nat Chem 2022; 14:274-283. [PMID: 35115657 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-021-00854-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Biomacromolecules are highly promising therapeutic modalities to treat various diseases. However, they suffer from poor cellular membrane permeability, limiting their access to intracellular targets. Strategies to overcome this challenge often employ nanoscale carriers that can get trapped in endosomal compartments. Here we report conjugated peptides that form pH- and redox-responsive coacervate microdroplets by liquid-liquid phase separation that readily cross the cell membrane. A wide range of macromolecules can be quickly recruited within the microdroplets, including small peptides, enzymes as large as 430 kDa and messenger RNAs (mRNAs). The therapeutic-loaded coacervates bypass classical endocytic pathways to enter the cytosol, where they undergo glutathione-mediated release of payload, the bioactivity of which is retained in the cell, while mRNAs exhibit a high transfection efficiency. These peptide coacervates represent a promising platform for the intracellular delivery of a large palette of macromolecular therapeutics that have potential for treating various pathologies (for example, cancers and metabolic diseases) or as carriers for mRNA-based vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Sun
- Biological and Biomimetic Material Laboratory (BBML), Center for Sustainable Materials (SusMat), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sze Yi Lau
- p53 Laboratory, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Neuros/Immunos, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhi Wei Lim
- Biological and Biomimetic Material Laboratory (BBML), Center for Sustainable Materials (SusMat), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shi Chieh Chang
- Translation Medicine Research Centre, MSD International, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Farid Ghadessy
- p53 Laboratory, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Neuros/Immunos, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anthony Partridge
- Translation Medicine Research Centre, MSD International, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ali Miserez
- Biological and Biomimetic Material Laboratory (BBML), Center for Sustainable Materials (SusMat), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore, Singapore. .,School of Biological Sciences, NTU, Singapore, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Ebrahimi SB, Samanta D, Kusmierz CD, Mirkin CA. Protein transfection via spherical nucleic acids. Nat Protoc 2022; 17:327-357. [PMID: 35039669 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-021-00642-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The efficient transfection of functional proteins into cells can serve as a means for regulating cellular processes toward solving fundamental challenges in biology and medicine. However, the use of proteins as effective intracellular agents is hindered by their low cellular uptake and susceptibility to degradation. Over the past 15 years, our group has been developing spherical nucleic acids (SNAs), nanoparticles functionalized with a dense radially oriented shell of nucleic acids. These structures actively enter cells and have opened new frontiers in chemical sensing, biodiagnostics and therapeutics. Recently, we have shown that proteins can be used as structurally precise and homogeneous nanoparticle cores in SNAs. The resultant protein SNAs (ProSNAs) allow previously cell-impermeable proteins to actively enter cells, exhibit high degrees of stability and activity both in cell culture and in vivo, and show enhanced pharmacokinetics. Consequently, these modular structures constitute a plug-and-play platform in which the protein core and nucleic acid shell can be independently varied to achieve a desired function. Here, we describe the synthesis of ProSNAs through the chemical modification of solvent-accessible surface residues (3-5 d). We also discuss design considerations, strategies for characterization, and applications of ProSNAs in cellular transfection, biological sensing and functional enzyme delivery in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sasha B Ebrahimi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Devleena Samanta
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Caroline D Kusmierz
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Chad A Mirkin
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Lieser RM, Li Q, Chen W, Sullivan MO. Incorporation of Endosomolytic Peptides with Varying Disruption Mechanisms into EGFR-Targeted Protein Conjugates: The Effect on Intracellular Protein Delivery and EGFR Specificity in Breast Cancer Cells. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:661-673. [PMID: 35040326 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular delivery of protein therapeutics remains a significant challenge limiting the majority of clinically available protein drugs to extracellular targets. Strategies to deliver proteins to subcellular compartments have traditionally relied on cell-penetrating peptides, which can drive enhanced internalization but exhibit unreliable activity and are rarely able to target specific cells, leading to off-target effects. Moreover, few design rules exist regarding the relative efficacy of various endosomal escape strategies in proteins. Accordingly, we developed a simple fusion modification approach to incorporate endosomolytic peptides onto epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted protein conjugates and performed a systematic comparison of the endosomal escape efficacy, mechanism of action, and capacity to maintain EGFR-targeting specificity of conjugates modified with four different endosomolytic sequences of varying modes of action (Aurein 1.2, GALA, HA2, and L17E). Use of the recently developed Gal8-YFP assay indicated that the fusion of each endosomolytic peptide led to enhanced endosomal disruption. Additionally, the incorporation of each endosomolytic peptide increased the half-life of the internalized protein and lowered lysosomal colocalization, further supporting the membrane-disruptive capacity. Despite this, only EGFR-targeted conjugates modified with Aurein 1.2 or GALA maintained EGFR specificity. These results thus demonstrated that the choice of endosomal escape moiety can substantially affect targeting capability, cytotoxicity, and bioactivity and provided important new insights into endosomolytic peptide selection for the design of targeted protein delivery systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M Lieser
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Qirun Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Wilfred Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Millicent O Sullivan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Fu L, Hua X, Jiang X, Shi J. Multistage Systemic and Cytosolic Protein Delivery for Effective Cancer Treatment. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:111-118. [PMID: 34962818 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c03293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Current clinical applications of protein therapy are largely limited to systemically accessible targets in vascular or extracellular areas. Major obstacles to the widespread application of protein therapeutics in cancer treatment include low membrane permeability and endosomal entrapment. Herein, we report a multistage nanoparticle (NP) strategy for systemic and cytosolic protein delivery to tumor cells, by encapsulating a protein conjugate, tetra-guanidinium (TG)-modified saporin, into tumor microenvironment (TME) pH-responsive polymeric NPs. Upon reaching the tumor site after systemic circulation, the polymeric NPs respond rapidly to the acidic tumor microenvironment and release the TG-saporin conjugates, which penetrate the tumor tissue and enter into tumor cells via TG-mediated cytosolic transportation. The TG-saproin NPs showed potent inhibition of lung cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. We expect that this multistage NP delivery strategy with long blood circulation, deep tumor penetration, and efficient cytosolic transport may be applicable to various therapeutic proteins for effective cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liyi Fu
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Xianwu Hua
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Xingya Jiang
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Jinjun Shi
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Park JH, Mohapatra A, Zhou J, Holay M, Krishnan N, Gao W, Fang RH, Zhang L. Virus‐Mimicking Cell Membrane‐Coated Nanoparticles for Cytosolic Delivery of mRNA. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202113671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joon Ho Park
- Department of NanoEngineering Chemical Engineering Program Moores Cancer Center University of California San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Animesh Mohapatra
- Department of NanoEngineering Chemical Engineering Program Moores Cancer Center University of California San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Jiarong Zhou
- Department of NanoEngineering Chemical Engineering Program Moores Cancer Center University of California San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Maya Holay
- Department of NanoEngineering Chemical Engineering Program Moores Cancer Center University of California San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Nishta Krishnan
- Department of NanoEngineering Chemical Engineering Program Moores Cancer Center University of California San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Weiwei Gao
- Department of NanoEngineering Chemical Engineering Program Moores Cancer Center University of California San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Ronnie H. Fang
- Department of NanoEngineering Chemical Engineering Program Moores Cancer Center University of California San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Liangfang Zhang
- Department of NanoEngineering Chemical Engineering Program Moores Cancer Center University of California San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Park JH, Mohapatra A, Zhou J, Holay M, Krishnan N, Gao W, Fang RH, Zhang L. Virus-Mimicking Cell Membrane-Coated Nanoparticles for Cytosolic Delivery of mRNA. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202113671. [PMID: 34694684 PMCID: PMC8727555 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202113671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Effective endosomal escape after cellular uptake represents a major challenge in the field of nanodelivery, as the majority of drug payloads must localize to subcellular compartments other than the endosomes in order to exert activity. In nature, viruses can readily deliver their genetic material to the cytosol of host cells by triggering membrane fusion after endocytosis. For the influenza A virus, the hemagglutinin (HA) protein found on its surface fuses the viral envelope with the surrounding membrane at endosomal pH values. Biomimetic nanoparticles capable of endosomal escape were fabricated using a membrane coating derived from cells engineered to express HA on their surface. When evaluated in vitro, these virus-mimicking nanoparticles were able to deliver an mRNA payload to the cytosolic compartment of target cells, resulting in the successful expression of the encoded protein. When the mRNA-loaded nanoparticles were administered in vivo, protein expression levels were significantly increased in both local and systemic delivery scenarios. We therefore conclude that utilizing genetic engineering approaches to express viral fusion proteins on the surface of cell membrane-coated nanoparticles is a viable strategy for modulating the intracellular localization of encapsulated cargoes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ronnie H. Fang
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 (USA)
| | - Liangfang Zhang
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 (USA)
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Su BG, Henley MJ. Drugging Fuzzy Complexes in Transcription. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 8:795743. [PMID: 34993233 PMCID: PMC8724552 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.795743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) are one of the most promising but underutilized classes of drug targets. The high degree of intrinsic disorder in both the structure and the interactions (i.e., “fuzziness”) of TFs is one of the most important challenges to be addressed in this context. Here, we discuss the impacts of fuzziness on transcription factor drug discovery, describing how disorder poses fundamental problems to the typical drug design, and screening approaches used for other classes of proteins such as receptors or enzymes. We then speculate on ways modern biophysical and chemical biology approaches could synergize to overcome many of these challenges by directly addressing the challenges imposed by TF disorder and fuzziness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie G Su
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States.,The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States.,Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Matthew J Henley
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States.,The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Barrios A, Estrada M, Moon JH. Carbamoylated Guanidine‐Containing Polymers for Non‐Covalent Functional Protein Delivery in Serum‐Containing Media. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202116722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Barrios
- Florida International University chemistry and biochemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Marilen Estrada
- Florida International University Natural and Applied Sciences UNITED STATES
| | - Joong Ho Moon
- Florida International University Chemistry and Biochemistry 11200 SW 8th St.MMC CP311 33199 Miami UNITED STATES
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Yang L, Ma H, Lin S, Zhu Y, Chen H, Zhang N, Feng X. Nucleus-selective codelivery of proteins and drugs for synergistic antitumor therapy. Chem Sci 2022; 13:10342-10348. [PMID: 36277647 PMCID: PMC9473504 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc03861g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Subcellular organelle targeted transport is of great significance for accurately delivering drugs to active sites for better pharmacological effects, but there are still a lot of challenges due to transport problems. In addition, the killing effect of one kind of drug on cells is limited. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a multifunctional nanoplatform that can co-deliver synergistic therapeutic agents. Here, we prepare a simple amphiphilic nanocarrier (LC) with rapid endosomal escape ability for nucleus-selective delivery of hydrophilic active protein deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) and hydrophobic anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX). LC has been applied to effectively encapsulate DNase I just by simply mixing their aqueous solutions together. In addition, DOX modified with adamantane groups via a redox-responsive linker is incorporated into the architecture of DNase I nanoformulations through host–guest interaction. This multi-component nanoplatform can quickly escape from the endolysosomes into the cytoplasm and make DNase I and DOX highly accumulate in the nucleus and consequently induce strong synergistic anticancer efficacy both in vitro and in vivo. This work illustrates a new platform for codelivery of proteins and drugs that target subcellular compartments for functions. An efficient nucleus-targeted co-delivery nanoplatform with high endosomal escape ability to transport proteins and drugs into nucleus was prepared for synergistically enhanced cancer therapy.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lan Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, Innovative Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Huijie Ma
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, Innovative Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Shan Lin
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, Innovative Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Yupeng Zhu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, Innovative Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, Innovative Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong 523710, P. R. China
| | - Xuli Feng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, Innovative Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Chen SY, Xu XX, Li X, Yi NB, Li SZ, Xiang XC, Cheng DB, Sun T. Recent advances in the intracellular delivery of macromolecule therapeutics. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:6642-6655. [DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01348g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes the uptake pathway of intracellular delivery vehicles for macromolecule therapeutics, and provides in-depth discussions and prospects about intracellular delivery of macromolecule therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yi Chen
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Xiao-Xue Xu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Ning-Bo Yi
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Shi-Zhuo Li
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Xing-Cheng Xiang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Dong-Bing Cheng
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Taolei Sun
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Hango CR, Davis HC, Uddin EA, Minter LM, Tew GN. Increased block copolymer length improves intracellular availability of protein cargo. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00017b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Amphiphilic protein transduction domain mimics (PTDMs) of various lengths were used for protein delivery in Jurkat T cells. Although longer PTDMs facilitated greater cargo internalization, shorter PTDMs yielded greater cargo activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R. Hango
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - Hazel C. Davis
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - Esha A. Uddin
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - Lisa M. Minter
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
- Department of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - Gregory N. Tew
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
- Department of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Advancements in Particle Engineering for Inhalation Delivery of Small Molecules and Biotherapeutics. Pharm Res 2022; 39:3047-3061. [PMID: 36071354 PMCID: PMC9451127 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-022-03363-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Dry powder inhalation formulations have become increasingly popular for local and systemic delivery of small molecules and biotherapeutics. Powder formulations provide distinct advantages over liquid formulations such as elimination of cold chain due to room temperature stability, improved portability, and the potential for increasing patient adherence. To become a viable product, it is essential to develop formulations that are stable (physically, chemically and/or biologically) and inhalable over the shelf-life. Physical particulate properties such as particle size, morphology and density, as well as chemical properties can significantly impact aerosol performance of the powder. This review will cover these critical attributes that can be engineered to enhance the dispersibility of inhalation powder formulations. Challenges in particle engineering for biotherapeutics will be assessed, followed by formulation strategies for overcoming the hurdles. Finally, the review will discuss recent examples of successful dry powder biotherapeutic formulations for inhalation delivery that have been clinically assessed.
Collapse
|
68
|
Berti C, Boarino A, Graciotti M, Bader LPE, Kandalaft LE, Klok HA. Reduction-Sensitive Protein Nanogels Enhance Uptake of Model and Tumor Lysate Antigens In Vitro by Mouse- and Human-Derived Dendritic Cells. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:8291-8300. [PMID: 35005925 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Peptides and proteins represent an emerging class of powerful therapeutics. Peptide and protein nanogels are attractive carriers for the transport and delivery of biologically active peptides and proteins because they allow essentially quantitative encapsulation of these biologics. One interesting field of use of peptide and protein nanogels is the transport of antigens and adjuvants in cancer immunotherapy. This study demonstrates the use of reduction-sensitive protein nanogels for the delivery of ovalbumin and oxidized tumor lysate-based antigens to mouse and human-donor-derived dendritic cells. Challenging mouse-derived and human dendritic cells with reduction-sensitive ovalbumin nanogels was found to significantly enhance antigen uptake as compared to the use of the corresponding free protein antigen. The experiments with mouse-derived dendritic cells further showed that the administration of ovalbumin in the form of reduction-sensitive nanogels enhanced dendritic cell maturation as well as the presentation of the SIINFEKL epitope as compared to experiments that use free ovalbumin. In addition to ovalbumin as a model antigen, the feasibility of reduction-sensitive nanogels was also demonstrated for the delivery of oxidized, whole tumor lysate-based cancer antigens. In experiments with dendritic cells harvested from human donors, dendritic cell uptake of the oxidized tumor lysate antigen was significantly enhanced in experiments that used oxidized tumor lysate nanogels as compared to the free antigen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Berti
- Laboratoire des Polymères, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Bâtiment MXD, Station 12, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alice Boarino
- Laboratoire des Polymères, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Bâtiment MXD, Station 12, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michele Graciotti
- Ludwig Cancer Research Center─Lausanne Branch, Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne, University of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lisa P E Bader
- Laboratoire des Polymères, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Bâtiment MXD, Station 12, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lana E Kandalaft
- Ludwig Cancer Research Center─Lausanne Branch, Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne, University of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Harm-Anton Klok
- Laboratoire des Polymères, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Bâtiment MXD, Station 12, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Hershman RL, Li Y, Ma F, Xu Q, Van Deventer J. Intracellular Delivery of Antibodies for Selective Cell Signaling Interference. ChemMedChem 2021; 17:e202100678. [PMID: 34890114 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Many intracellular signaling events remain poorly characterized due to a general lack of tools to interfere with "undruggable" targets. Antibodies have the potential to elucidate intracellular mechanisms via targeted disruption of cell signaling cascades because of their ability to bind to a target with high specificity and affinity. However, due to their size and chemical composition, antibodies cannot innately cross the cell membrane, and thus access to the cytosol with these macromolecules has been limited. Here, we describe strategies for accessing the intracellular space with recombinant antibodies mediated by cationic lipid nanoparticles to selectively disrupt intracellular signaling events. Together, our results demonstrate the use of recombinantly produced antibodies, delivered at concentrations of 10 nM, to selectively interfere with signaling driven by a single posttranslational modification. Efficient intracellular delivery of engineered antibodies opens up possibilities for modulation of previously "undruggable" targets, including for potential therapeutic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yamin Li
- Tufts University, Biomedical Engineering, UNITED STATES
| | - Feihe Ma
- Tufts University, Biomedical Engineering, UNITED STATES
| | - Qioabing Xu
- Tufts University, Biomedical Engineering, UNITED STATES
| | - James Van Deventer
- Tufts University, Chemical and Biological Engineering, 4 Colby St. Room 148, 02155, Medford, UNITED STATES
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
López-Vidal EM, Schissel CK, Mohapatra S, Bellovoda K, Wu CL, Wood JA, Malmberg AB, Loas A, Gómez-Bombarelli R, Pentelute BL. Deep Learning Enables Discovery of a Short Nuclear Targeting Peptide for Efficient Delivery of Antisense Oligomers. JACS AU 2021; 1:2009-2020. [PMID: 34841414 PMCID: PMC8611673 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic macromolecules such as proteins and oligonucleotides can be highly efficacious but are often limited to extracellular targets due to the cell's impermeable membrane. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are able to deliver such macromolecules into cells, but limited structure-activity relationships and inconsistent literature reports make it difficult to design effective CPPs for a given cargo. For example, polyarginine motifs are common in CPPs, promoting cell uptake at the expense of systemic toxicity. Machine learning may be able to address this challenge by bridging gaps between experimental data in order to discern sequence-activity relationships that evade our intuition. Our earlier data set and deep learning model led to the design of miniproteins (>40 amino acids) for antisense delivery. Here, we leveraged and expanded our model with data augmentation in the short CPP sequence space of the data set to extrapolate and discover short, low-arginine-content CPPs that would be easier to synthesize and amenable to rapid conjugation to desired cargo, and with minimal in vivo toxicity. The lead predicted peptide, termed P6, is as active as a polyarginine CPP for the delivery of an antisense oligomer, while having only one arginine side chain and 18 total residues. We determined the pentalysine motif and the C-terminal cysteine of P6 to be the main drivers of activity. The antisense conjugate was able to enhance corrective splicing in an animal model to produce functional eGFP in heart tissue in vivo while remaining nontoxic up to a dose of 60 mg/kg. In addition, P6 was able to deliver an enzyme to the cytosol of cells. Our findings suggest that, given a data set of long CPPs, we can discover by extrapolation short, active sequences that deliver antisense oligomers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva M. López-Vidal
- Department
of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Carly K. Schissel
- Department
of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Somesh Mohapatra
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Kamela Bellovoda
- Sarepta
Therapeutics, 215 First Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Chia-Ling Wu
- Sarepta
Therapeutics, 215 First Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Jenna A. Wood
- Sarepta
Therapeutics, 215 First Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Annika B. Malmberg
- Sarepta
Therapeutics, 215 First Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Andrei Loas
- Department
of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Rafael Gómez-Bombarelli
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Bradley L. Pentelute
- Department
of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- The
Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Center
for Environmental Health Sciences, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Broad Institute
of MIT and Harvard, 415
Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Schissel CK, Mohapatra S, Wolfe JM, Fadzen CM, Bellovoda K, Wu CL, Wood JA, Malmberg AB, Loas A, Gómez-Bombarelli R, Pentelute BL. Deep learning to design nuclear-targeting abiotic miniproteins. Nat Chem 2021; 13:992-1000. [PMID: 34373596 PMCID: PMC8819921 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-021-00766-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
There are more amino acid permutations within a 40-residue sequence than atoms on Earth. This vast chemical search space hinders the use of human learning to design functional polymers. Here we show how machine learning enables the de novo design of abiotic nuclear-targeting miniproteins to traffic antisense oligomers to the nucleus of cells. We combined high-throughput experimentation with a directed evolution-inspired deep-learning approach in which the molecular structures of natural and unnatural residues are represented as topological fingerprints. The model is able to predict activities beyond the training dataset, and simultaneously deciphers and visualizes sequence-activity predictions. The predicted miniproteins, termed 'Mach', reach an average mass of 10 kDa, are more effective than any previously known variant in cells and can also deliver proteins into the cytosol. The Mach miniproteins are non-toxic and efficiently deliver antisense cargo in mice. These results demonstrate that deep learning can decipher design principles to generate highly active biomolecules that are unlikely to be discovered by empirical approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carly K. Schissel
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Somesh Mohapatra
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Justin M. Wolfe
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Colin M. Fadzen
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Kamela Bellovoda
- Sarepta Therapeutics, 215 First Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Chia-Ling Wu
- Sarepta Therapeutics, 215 First Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jenna A. Wood
- Sarepta Therapeutics, 215 First Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | | | - Andrei Loas
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Rafael Gómez-Bombarelli
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA,Correspondence to: ,
| | - Bradley L. Pentelute
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA,The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA,Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 415 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA,Correspondence to: ,
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Tang J, Liu J, Zheng Q, Li W, Sheng J, Mao L, Wang M. In‐Situ Encapsulation of Protein into Nanoscale Hydrogen‐Bonded Organic Frameworks for Intracellular Biocatalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202105634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiakang Tang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Ji Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Qizhen Zheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Wenting Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Jinhan Sheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Lanqun Mao
- College of Chemistry Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China
| | - Ming Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Le Saux S, Aubert-Pouëssel A, Mohamed KE, Martineau P, Guglielmi L, Devoisselle JM, Legrand P, Chopineau J, Morille M. Interest of extracellular vesicles in regards to lipid nanoparticle based systems for intracellular protein delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 176:113837. [PMID: 34144089 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Compared to chemicals that continue to dominate the overall pharmaceutical market, protein therapeutics offer the advantages of higher specificity, greater activity, and reduced toxicity. While nearly all existing therapeutic proteins were developed against soluble or extracellular targets, the ability for proteins to enter cells and target intracellular compartments can significantly broaden their utility for a myriad of exiting targets. Given their physical, chemical, biological instability that could induce adverse effects, and their limited ability to cross cell membranes, delivery systems are required to fully reveal their biological potential. In this context, as natural protein nanocarriers, extracellular vesicles (EVs) hold great promise. Nevertheless, if not present naturally, bringing an interest protein into EV is not an easy task. In this review, we will explore methods used to load extrinsic protein into EVs and compare these natural vectors to their close synthetic counterparts, liposomes/lipid nanoparticles, to induce intracellular protein delivery.
Collapse
|
74
|
Distler ME, Teplensky MH, Bujold KE, Kusmierz CD, Evangelopoulos M, Mirkin CA. DNA Dendrons as Agents for Intracellular Delivery. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:13513-13518. [PMID: 34410116 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c07240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Herein, a method for synthesizing and utilizing DNA dendrons to deliver biomolecules to living cells is reported. Inspired by high-density nucleic acid nanostructures, such as spherical nucleic acids, we hypothesized that small clusters of nucleic acids, in the form of DNA dendrons, could be conjugated to biomolecules and facilitate their cellular uptake. We show that DNA dendrons are internalized by 90% of dendritic cells after just 1 h of treatment, with a >20-fold increase in DNA delivery per cell compared with their linear counterparts. This effect is due to the interaction of the DNA dendrons with scavenger receptor-A on cell surfaces, which results in their rapid endocytosis. Moreover, when conjugated to peptides at a single attachment site, dendrons enhance the cellular delivery and activity of both the model ovalbumin 1 peptide and the therapeutically relevant thymosin alpha 1 peptide. These findings show that high-density, multivalent DNA ligands play a significant role in dictating cellular uptake of biomolecules and consequently will expand the scope of deliverable biomolecules to cells. Indeed, DNA dendrons are poised to become agents for the cellular delivery of many molecular and nanoscale materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Max E Distler
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michelle H Teplensky
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Katherine E Bujold
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Caroline D Kusmierz
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael Evangelopoulos
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Chad A Mirkin
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Tang J, Liu J, Zheng Q, Li W, Sheng J, Mao L, Wang M. In-Situ Encapsulation of Protein into Nanoscale Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Frameworks for Intracellular Biocatalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:22315-22321. [PMID: 34382314 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202105634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) are porous materials with great potential for biological applications. The self-assembly of HOFs and biomacromolecules, however, is challenging. We report herein the self-assembly of nanoscale HOFs (nHOFs) to encapsulate protein for intracellular biocatalysis. The self-assembly of tetrakis(4-amidiniumphenyl)methane and azobenzenedicarboxylate can encapsulate protein in situ to form protein@nHOFs under mild conditions. This strategy is applicable to proteins with different surface charge and molecular weight, showing a high protein encapsulation efficiency and minimal effect on protein activity. A cellular delivery study shows that the protein@TA-HOFs can efficiently enter cells and retain enzyme activity for biochemical catalysis in living cells for neuroprotection. Our strategy paves new avenues for interfacing nHOFs with biological settings and sheds light on expanding nHOFs as a platform for biomacromolecule delivery and disease treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiakang Tang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ji Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qizhen Zheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wenting Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jinhan Sheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lanqun Mao
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Wang Q, Yang Y, Liu D, Ji Y, Gao X, Yin J, Yao W. Cytosolic Protein Delivery for Intracellular Antigen Targeting Using Supercharged Polypeptide Delivery Platform. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:6022-6030. [PMID: 34227381 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c01190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Despite the well-recognized clinical success of therapeutic proteins, especially antibodies, their inability to penetrate the cell membrane restricts them to secretory extracellular or membrane-associated targets. Developing a direct cytosolic protein delivery system would offer unique opportunities for intracellular target-related therapeutic proteins. Here, we generated a supercharged polypeptide (SCP) with high cellular uptake efficiency, endosomal escape ability, and good biosafety and developed an SCP with an unnatural amino acid containing the phenylboronic acid (PBA) group, called PBA-SCP. PBA-SCP is capable of potently delivering proteins with various isoelectric points and molecular sizes into the cytosol of living cells without affecting their bioactivities. Importantly, cytosolically delivered antibodies remain functional and are capable of targeting, labeling, and manipulating diverse intracellular antigens. This study demonstrates an efficient and versatile intracellular protein delivery platform, especially for antibodies, and provides new possibilities for expanding protein-based therapeutics to intracellular "undruggable" targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qun Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yifan Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Dingkang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yue Ji
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Xiangdong Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Jun Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Wenbing Yao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Brenner JS, Mitragotri S, Muzykantov VR. Red Blood Cell Hitchhiking: A Novel Approach for Vascular Delivery of Nanocarriers. Annu Rev Biomed Eng 2021; 23:225-248. [PMID: 33788581 PMCID: PMC8277719 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-bioeng-121219-024239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Red blood cell (RBC) hitchhiking is a method of drug delivery that can increase drug concentration in target organs by orders of magnitude. In RBC hitchhiking, drug-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) are adsorbed onto red blood cells and then injected intravascularly, which causes the NPs to transfer to cells of the capillaries in the downstream organ. RBC hitchhiking has been demonstrated in multiple species and multiple organs. For example, RBC-hitchhiking NPs localized at unprecedented levels in the brain when using intra-arterial catheters, such as those in place immediately after mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke. RBC hitchhiking has been successfully employed in numerous preclinical models of disease, ranging from pulmonary embolism to cancer metastasis. In addition to summarizing the versatility of RBC hitchhiking, we also describe studies into the surprisingly complex mechanisms of RBC hitchhiking as well as outline future studies to further improve RBC hitchhiking's clinical utility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob S Brenner
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA;
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Samir Mitragotri
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Vladimir R Muzykantov
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA;
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Li Y, Hou H, Zhang P, Zhang Z. Co-delivery of doxorubicin and paclitaxel by reduction/pH dual responsive nanocarriers for osteosarcoma therapy. Drug Deliv 2021; 27:1044-1053. [PMID: 32633576 PMCID: PMC7470123 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2020.1785049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticle-based drug delivery system offers a promising platform for combination cancer therapy. However, the inefficient drug release in cells reduces the therapeutic efficacy of cancer nanomedicines. Herein, a PEGylated poly(α-lipoic acid) copolymer (mPEG-PαLA) was prepared and used as a reduction/pH dual responsive nanocarrier to simultaneously deliver paclitaxel (PTX) and doxorubicin (DOX) for osteosarcoma therapy. The amphiphilic mPEG-PαLA could efficiently encapsulate both PTX and DOX during its self-assembly into micelles in aqueous solution to generate PTX and DOX co-loaded nanoparticles (NP-PTX-DOX). The as-prepared NP-PTX-DOX showed enhanced PTX and DOX release in response to reductive and acidic stimuli. Moreover, the dual-drug loaded nanoparticles were efficiently internalized by K7 osteosarcoma cells and released drugs intracellularly, as confirmed by flow cytometry analysis and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Consequently, NP-PTX-DOX exhibited synergistic therapeutic effects and induced enhanced cell apoptosis in K7 cells. Furthermore, NP-PTX-DOX presented improved biodistribution and higher tumor growth inhibition efficacy compared to the control groups in a murine osteosarcoma model. Altogether, the results of this work indicate that the proposed strategy is promising for osteosarcoma therapy using mPEG-PαLA copolymer as a dual-responsive nanocarrier to co-deliver anticancer drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongshuang Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Hao Hou
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyu Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
Kong G, Xiong M, Liu L, Hu L, Meng HM, Ke G, Zhang XB, Tan W. DNA origami-based protein networks: from basic construction to emerging applications. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:1846-1873. [PMID: 33306073 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00255k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Natural living systems are driven by delicate protein networks whose functions are precisely controlled by many parameters, such as number, distance, orientation, and position. Focusing on regulation rather than just imitation, the construction of artificial protein networks is important in many research areas, including biomedicine, synthetic biology and chemical biology. DNA origami, sophisticated nanostructures with rational design, can offer predictable, programmable, and addressable scaffolds for protein assembly with nanometer precision. Recently, many interdisciplinary efforts have achieved the precise construction of DNA origami-based protein networks, and their emerging application in many areas. To inspire more fantastic research and applications, herein we highlight the applicability and potentiality of DNA origami-based protein networks. After a brief introduction to the development and features of DNA origami, some important factors for the precise construction of DNA origami-based protein networks are discussed, including protein-DNA conjugation methods, networks with different patterns and the controllable parameters in the networks. The discussion then focuses on the emerging application of DNA origami-based protein networks in several areas, including enzymatic reaction regulation, sensing, bionics, biophysics, and biomedicine. Finally, current challenges and opportunities in this research field are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gezhi Kong
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China.
| | - Mengyi Xiong
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China.
| | - Lu Liu
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China.
| | - Ling Hu
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China.
| | - Hong-Min Meng
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Guoliang Ke
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China.
| | - Xiao-Bing Zhang
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China.
| | - Weihong Tan
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China.
| |
Collapse
|
80
|
Schneider AFL, Kithil M, Cardoso MC, Lehmann M, Hackenberger CPR. Cellular uptake of large biomolecules enabled by cell-surface-reactive cell-penetrating peptide additives. Nat Chem 2021; 13:530-539. [PMID: 33859390 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-021-00661-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Enabling the cellular delivery and cytosolic bioavailability of functional proteins constitutes a major challenge for the life sciences. Here we demonstrate that thiol-reactive arginine-rich peptide additives can enhance the cellular uptake of protein-CPP conjugates in a non-endocytic mode, even at low micromolar concentration. We show that such thiol- or HaloTag-reactive additives can result in covalently anchored CPPs on the cell surface, which are highly effective at co-delivering protein cargoes. Taking advantage of the thiol reactivity of our most effective CPP additive, we show that Cys-containing proteins can be readily delivered into the cytosol by simple co-addition of a slight excess of this CPP. Furthermore, we demonstrate the application of our 'CPP-additive technique' in the delivery of functional enzymes, nanobodies and full-length immunoglobulin-G antibodies. This new cellular uptake protocol greatly simplifies both the accessibility and efficiency of protein and antibody delivery, with minimal chemical or genetic engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anselm F L Schneider
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marina Kithil
- Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | - Martin Lehmann
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian P R Hackenberger
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany. .,Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
Tang J, Liu Y, Qi D, Yang L, Chen H, Wang C, Feng X. Nucleus-Targeted Delivery of Multi-Protein Self-Assembly for Combined Anticancer Therapy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2101219. [PMID: 34028978 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202101219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Protein therapy has the potential to revolutionize medicine, but the delivery of multiple proteins is challenging because it requires the development of a strategy that enables different proteins to be combined together and transported not only into cells, but also to the desired cell compartments, such as the nucleus. Here, an efficient intranuclear protein delivery nanoplatform based on modified ribonuclease A (RNase A) tuned self-assembly is presented. RNase A bioreversibly modified with adamantane is functionalized with wind chime-like lysine modified cyclodextrin (WLC) to generate RNase A-WLC (R-WLC). R-WLC can not only enhance the cellular uptake of RNase A and accumulate it into the nucleus, but also works as nanovehicles to efficiently transport deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) into the nucleus, resulting in greatly improved antitumor efficacy in vitro and in vivo. This protein co-assembly strategy can be applied to other functional proteins and has great prospects in the treatment of many diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiakun Tang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
| | - Ye Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
| | - Dongmei Qi
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
| | - Lan Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
| | - Hui Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
| | - Chenhui Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
| | - Xuli Feng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
Kaladharan K, Kumar A, Gupta P, Illath K, Santra TS, Tseng FG. Microfluidic Based Physical Approaches towards Single-Cell Intracellular Delivery and Analysis. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:631. [PMID: 34071732 PMCID: PMC8228766 DOI: 10.3390/mi12060631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The ability to deliver foreign molecules into a single living cell with high transfection efficiency and high cell viability is of great interest in cell biology for applications in therapeutic development, diagnostics, and drug delivery towards personalized medicine. Various physical delivery methods have long demonstrated the ability to deliver cargo molecules directly to the cytoplasm or nucleus and the mechanisms underlying most of the approaches have been extensively investigated. However, most of these techniques are bulk approaches that are cell-specific and have low throughput delivery. In comparison to bulk measurements, single-cell measurement technologies can provide a better understanding of the interactions among molecules, organelles, cells, and the microenvironment, which can aid in the development of therapeutics and diagnostic tools. To elucidate distinct responses during cell genetic modification, methods to achieve transfection at the single-cell level are of great interest. In recent years, single-cell technologies have become increasingly robust and accessible, although limitations exist. This review article aims to cover various microfluidic-based physical methods for single-cell intracellular delivery such as electroporation, mechanoporation, microinjection, sonoporation, optoporation, magnetoporation, and thermoporation and their analysis. The mechanisms of various physical methods, their applications, limitations, and prospects are also elaborated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Kaladharan
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan; (K.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan; (K.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Pallavi Gupta
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India; (P.G.); (K.I.)
| | - Kavitha Illath
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India; (P.G.); (K.I.)
| | - Tuhin Subhra Santra
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India; (P.G.); (K.I.)
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan; (K.K.); (A.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
83
|
Luther DC, Jeon T, Goswami R, Nagaraj H, Kim D, Lee YW, Rotello VM. Protein Delivery: If Your GFP (or Other Small Protein) Is in the Cytosol, It Will Also Be in the Nucleus. Bioconjug Chem 2021; 32:891-896. [PMID: 33872490 PMCID: PMC8508718 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular protein delivery is a transformative tool for biologics research and medicine. Delivery into the cytosol allows proteins to diffuse throughout the cell and access subcellular organelles. Inefficient delivery caused by endosomal entrapment is often misidentified as cytosolic delivery. This inaccuracy muddles what should be a key checkpoint in assessing delivery efficiency. Green fluorescent protein (GFP) is a robust cargo small enough to passively diffuse from the cytosol into the nucleus. Fluorescence of GFP in the nucleus is a direct readout for cytosolic access and effective delivery. Here, we highlight recent examples from the literature for the accurate assessment of cytosolic protein delivery using GFP fluorescence in the cytosol and nucleus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David C. Luther
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Taewon Jeon
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 230 Stockbridge Road, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Ritabrita Goswami
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Harini Nagaraj
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Dongkap Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Yi-Wei Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Vincent M. Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
Zhu T, Shi L, Ma C, Xu L, Yang J, Zhou G, Zhu X, Shen L. Fluorinated chitosan-mediated intracellular catalase delivery for enhanced photodynamic therapy of oral cancer. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:658-662. [PMID: 33463639 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01898h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A pH-responsive fluorinated chitosan-chlorin e6 (FC-Ce6) was employed here for the intracellular delivery of catalase to relieve the hypoxic micro-environment. Upon simple mixing, FC-Ce6 and catalase co-assemble to form stable nanoparticles, which show a greatly improved cross-membrane penetration capacity compared with catalase alone or nonfluorinated CS-Ce6/catalase nanoparticles. Under catalase catalysis, a high concentration of intracellular H2O2 can be transformed into O2. Upon irradiation, due to the continuous formation of cytotoxic singlet oxygen (1O2), our nanoparticles showed superior anti-cancer activity in contrast to free Ce6 and nonfluorinated CS-Ce6/catalase nanoparticles. Our study proposes an effective intracellular catalase delivery system to overcome hypoxia for enhanced PDT against oral cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhu
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Department of Laser and Aesthetic Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China.
| | - Leilei Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chuan Ma
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University and Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration and Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Li Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jiapei Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Guoyu Zhou
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Department of Laser and Aesthetic Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China.
| | - Xinyuan Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Lingyue Shen
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Department of Laser and Aesthetic Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China.
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
Liew SS, Zhang C, Zhang J, Sun H, Li L, Yao SQ. Intracellular delivery of therapeutic proteins through N-terminal site-specific modification. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 56:11473-11476. [PMID: 32856656 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04728g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A versatile strategy for the intracellular delivery of functional proteins/antibodies was developed using N-terminal site-specific modification. Adopting orthogonal dual-labeling strategies, a cell-permeable RNase A prodrug was designed complementing N-terminal site-specific modification with lysine labeling. Upon successful cytosolic uptake, the prodrug showed reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent targeted cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Si Si Liew
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
86
|
Guo Y, Li Y, Zhou S, Ye Q, Zan X, He Y. Metal-Organic Framework-Based Composites for Protein Delivery and Therapeutics. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 8:4028-4038. [PMID: 33901394 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Owing to high bioactivity and specificity, protein drugs have achieved great success in both diagnosis and therapy. The idea of delivering active proteins directly to targets is becoming more and more attractive. However, due to their large size and environmental sensitivity, it is not easy for proteins to maintain bioactivity in extracellular fluids and cross cell membrane without being damaged. A series of techniques and carriers have been developed to deliver proteins. Thereinto, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), which are made of metal ions connected by organic linkers, are one of the most important vehicles for protein delivery. Their porous structures, stability, biocompatibility, reproducibility, and the possibility for further functionalities offer great potential for protein delivery. In this review, recent developments of protein encapsulated by MOF nanoparticles, including mechanism of treatment, structural design, loading capacity, delivery, and release properties of proteins, are summarized, and the relationship between structure and performance is emphasized. Meanwhile, further improvements and implementations are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Guo
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou Institute, 1 Jinlian Rd, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325001, P. R. China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for New Energy Storage and Conversion, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, Hunan, China
| | - Yantao Li
- Australia River Institute, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Sijie Zhou
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, P. R. China
| | - Qingsong Ye
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, China.,Skeletal Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Xingjie Zan
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou Institute, 1 Jinlian Rd, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325001, P. R. China
| | - Yan He
- Skeletal Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
He L, Mu J, Gang O, Chen X. Rationally Programming Nanomaterials with DNA for Biomedical Applications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2003775. [PMID: 33898180 PMCID: PMC8061415 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202003775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
DNA is not only a carrier of genetic information, but also a versatile structural tool for the engineering and self-assembling of nanostructures. In this regard, the DNA template has dramatically enhanced the scalability, programmability, and functionality of the self-assembled DNA nanostructures. These capabilities provide opportunities for a wide range of biomedical applications in biosensing, bioimaging, drug delivery, and disease therapy. In this review, the importance and advantages of DNA for programming and fabricating of DNA nanostructures are first highlighted. The recent progress in design and construction of DNA nanostructures are then summarized, including DNA conjugated nanoparticle systems, DNA-based clusters and extended organizations, and DNA origami-templated assemblies. An overview on biomedical applications of the self-assembled DNA nanostructures is provided. Finally, the conclusion and perspectives on the self-assembled DNA nanostructures are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liangcan He
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Faculty of EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore117597Singapore
| | - Jing Mu
- Institute of Precision MedicinePeking University Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen518036China
| | - Oleg Gang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Department of Applied Physics and Applied MathematicsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY10027USA
- Center for Functional NanomaterialsBrookhaven National LaboratoryUptonNY11973USA
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Faculty of EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore117597Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
FitzGerald LI, Johnston AP. It’s what’s on the inside that counts: Techniques for investigating the uptake and recycling of nanoparticles and proteins in cells. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 587:64-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.11.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
89
|
Wang JW, Cunningham FJ, Goh NS, Boozarpour NN, Pham M, Landry MP. Nanoparticles for protein delivery in planta. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 60:102052. [PMID: 33984712 PMCID: PMC10461801 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2021.102052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Delivery of proteins into walled plant cells remains a challenge with few tractable solutions. Recent advances in biomacromolecule delivery using nanotechnology may evince methods to be exploited for protein delivery. While protein delivery remains no small feat, even in mammalian systems, the ability for nanoparticles to penetrate the cell wall and be decorated with a plethora of functional moieties makes them ideal protein vehicles in plants. As advances in protein biotechnology accelerate, so does the need for commensurate delivery systems. However, the road to nanoparticle-mediated protein delivery is fraught with challenges in regard to cell wall penetration, intracellular delivery, endosomal escape, and nanoparticle chemistry and design. The dearth of literature surrounding protein delivery in walled plant cells hints at the challenge of this problem but also indicates vast opportunity for innovations in plant-tailored nanotechnology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey W Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Francis J Cunningham
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Natalie S Goh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Navid N Boozarpour
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Matthew Pham
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Markita P Landry
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA; Innovative Genomics Institute (IGI), Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA; California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, QB3, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA; Chan-Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
Mandal S, Mann G, Satish G, Brik A. Enhanced Live-Cell Delivery of Synthetic Proteins Assisted by Cell-Penetrating Peptides Fused to DABCYL. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:7333-7343. [PMID: 33615660 PMCID: PMC8048964 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202016208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Live-cell delivery of a fully synthetic protein having selectivity towards a particular target is a promising approach with potential applications for basic research and therapeutics. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) allow the cellular delivery of proteins but mostly result in endosomal entrapment, leading to lack of bioavailability. Herein, we report the design and synthesis of a CPP fused to 4-((4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)azo)benzoic acid (DABCYL) to enhance cellular uptake of fluorescently labelled synthetic protein analogues in low micromolar concentration. The attachment of cyclic deca-arginine (cR10) modified with a single lysine linked to DABCYL to synthetic ubiquitin (Ub) and small ubiquitin-like modifier-2 (SUMO-2) scaffolds resulted in a threefold higher uptake efficacy in live cells compared to the unmodified cR10. We could also achieve cR10DABCYL-assisted delivery of Ub and a Ub variant (Ubv) based activity-based probes for functional studies of deubiquitinases in live cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaswati Mandal
- Schulich Faculty of ChemistryTechnion-Israel Institute of Technology3200008HaifaIsrael
| | - Guy Mann
- Schulich Faculty of ChemistryTechnion-Israel Institute of Technology3200008HaifaIsrael
| | - Gandhesiri Satish
- Schulich Faculty of ChemistryTechnion-Israel Institute of Technology3200008HaifaIsrael
| | - Ashraf Brik
- Schulich Faculty of ChemistryTechnion-Israel Institute of Technology3200008HaifaIsrael
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
Mandal S, Mann G, Satish G, Brik A. Enhanced Live‐Cell Delivery of Synthetic Proteins Assisted by Cell‐Penetrating Peptides Fused to DABCYL. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202016208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaswati Mandal
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry Technion-Israel Institute of Technology 3200008 Haifa Israel
| | - Guy Mann
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry Technion-Israel Institute of Technology 3200008 Haifa Israel
| | - Gandhesiri Satish
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry Technion-Israel Institute of Technology 3200008 Haifa Israel
| | - Ashraf Brik
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry Technion-Israel Institute of Technology 3200008 Haifa Israel
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
Oral delivery of antioxidant enzymes for effective treatment of inflammatory disease. Biomaterials 2021; 271:120753. [PMID: 33725585 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Oral administration of protein is very challenging for therapeutic applications due to its instability and easy degradation in the gastrointestinal tract. Herein, we reported an approach to encapsulate native anti-inflammatory proteins in wind chimes like cyclodextrin (WCC) for efficient oral protein delivery. The amphiphilic WCC can self-assemble into nanoparticles in aqueous solution and achieve superior encapsulation of two antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) by simply mixing with protein solution, avoiding any extra cumbersome steps that might inactivate protein. WCC nanovehicles can effectively protect enzyme activity and enhance their intracellular delivery. SOD and CAT co-loaded WCC nanoparticles (SC/WCC) can integrate the synergistic effect of SOD and CAT for enhancing the removal of reactive oxygen species (ROS), effectively inhibit the inflammatory response by reducing the secretion of proinflammatory factors and protect cells from ROS-induced oxidative damage. In the mouse colitis model, SC/WCC administered orally was able to efficiently accumulate in the inflamed colon, significantly inhibited the expression of proinflammatory mediators and notably alleviated the symptoms related to colitis. Therefore, we believe that the strategies we described here may provide a convenient and powerful platform for the treatment of other inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
|
93
|
Anson F, Liu B, Kanjilal P, Wu P, Hardy JA, Thayumanavan S. Evaluating Endosomal Escape of Caspase-3-Containing Nanomaterials Using Split GFP. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:1261-1272. [PMID: 33591168 PMCID: PMC8477791 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The ability for biologics to access intracellular targets hinges on the translocation of active, unmodified proteins. This is often achieved using nanoscale formulations, which enter cells through endocytosis. This uptake mechanism often limits the therapeutic potential of the biologics, as the propensity of the nanocarrier to escape the endosome becomes the key determinant. To appropriately evaluate and compare competing delivery systems of disparate compositions, it is therefore critical to assess endosomal escape efficiencies. Unfortunately, quantitative tools to assess endosomal escape are lacking, and standard approaches often lead to an erroneous interpretation of cytosolic localization. In this study we use a split-complementation endosomal escape (SEE) assay to evaluate levels of cytosolic caspase-3 following delivery by polymer nanogels and mesoporous silica nanoparticles. In particular, we use SEE as a means to enable the systematic investigation of the effect of polymer composition, polymer architecture (random vs block), hydrophobicity, and surface functionality. Although polymer structure had little influence on endosomal escape, nanogel functionalization with cationic and pH-sensitive peptides significantly enhanced endosomal escape levels and, further, significantly increased the amount of nanogel per endosome. This work serves as a guide for developing an optimal caspase-3 delivery system, as this caspase-3 variant can be easily substituted for a therapeutic caspase-3 cargo in any system that results in cytosolic accumulation and cargo release. In addition, these data provide a framework that can be readily applied to a wide variety of protein cargos to assess the independent contributions of both uptake and endosomal escape of a wide range of protein delivery vehicles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jeanne A. Hardy
- Center for Bioactive Delivery at the Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - S. Thayumanavan
- Center for Bioactive Delivery at the Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Rilo-Alvarez H, Ledo AM, Vidal A, Garcia-Fuentes M. Delivery of transcription factors as modulators of cell differentiation. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 11:426-444. [PMID: 33611769 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-021-00931-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Fundamental studies performed during the last decades have shown that cell fate is much more plastic than previously considered, and technologies for its manipulation are a keystone for many new tissue regeneration therapies. Transcription factors (TFs) are DNA-binding proteins that control gene expression, and they have critical roles in the control of cell fate and other cellular behavior. TF-based therapies have much medical potential, but their use as drugs depends on the development of suitable delivery technologies that can help them reach their action site inside of the cells. TFs can be used either as proteins or encoded in polynucleotides. When used in protein form, many TFs require to be associated to a cell-penetrating peptide or another transduction domain. As polynucleotides, they can be delivered either by viral carriers or by non-viral systems such as polyplexes and lipoplexes. TF-based therapies have extensively shown their potential to solve many tissue-engineering problems, including bone, cartilage and cardiac regeneration. Yet, their use has expanded beyond regenerative medicine to other prominent disease areas such as cancer therapy and immunomodulation. This review summarizes some of the delivery options for effective TF-based therapies and their current main applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Rilo-Alvarez
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, IDIS Research Institute, CiMUS Research Institute, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Adriana M Ledo
- Respiratory Therapeutic Area, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Inc, 700 Main Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Anxo Vidal
- Department of Physiology, IDIS Research Institute, CiMUS Research Institute, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Marcos Garcia-Fuentes
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, IDIS Research Institute, CiMUS Research Institute, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
95
|
Cao Y, Li X, Ge J. Enzyme Catalyst Engineering toward the Integration of Biocatalysis and Chemocatalysis. Trends Biotechnol 2021; 39:1173-1183. [PMID: 33551176 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic catalysis, which has been driving biological processes in a green, mild, and efficient manner for billions of years, is increasingly being used in industrial processes to manufacture chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and materials for human society. Since enzymes were discovered, strategies to adapt enzymes for use as catalysts for industrial processes, such as chemical modification, immobilization, site-directed mutagenesis, directed evolution of enzymes, artificial metalloenzymes, and computational design, have been continuously pursued. In contrast to these strategies, editing enzymes to easily integrate biocatalysis with chemocatalysis is a potential way to apply enzymes in industry. Enzyme catalyst editing focuses on fine-tuning the microenvironment surrounding the enzyme or achieving a new catalytic function to construct better biocatalysis under non-natural conditions for the enzyme.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Cao
- Key Lab for Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaoyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Jun Ge
- Key Lab for Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
Alimi LO, Alyami MZ, Chand S, Baslyman W, Khashab NM. Coordination-based self-assembled capsules (SACs) for protein, CRISPR-Cas9, DNA and RNA delivery. Chem Sci 2021; 12:2329-2344. [PMID: 34163998 PMCID: PMC8179292 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc05975g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Biologics, such as functional proteins and nucleic acids, have recently dominated the drug market and comprise seven out of the top 10 best-selling drugs. Biologics are usually polar, heat sensitive, membrane impermeable and subject to enzymatic degradation and thus require systemic routes of administration and delivery. Coordination-based delivery vehicles, which include nanosized extended metal-organic frameworks (nMOFs) and discrete coordination cages, have gained a lot of attention because of their remarkable biocompatibility, in vivo stability, on-demand biodegradability, high encapsulation efficiency, easy surface modification and moderate synthetic conditions. Consequently, these systems have been extensively utilized as carriers of biomacromolecules for biomedical applications. This review summarizes the recent applications of nMOFs and coordination cages for protein, CRISPR-Cas9, DNA and RNA delivery. We also highlight the progress and challenges of coordination-based platforms as a promising approach towards clinical biomacromolecule delivery and discuss integral future research directions and applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lukman O Alimi
- Smart Hybrid Materials Laboratory (SHMs), Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Mram Z Alyami
- Smart Hybrid Materials Laboratory (SHMs), Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Santanu Chand
- Smart Hybrid Materials Laboratory (SHMs), Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Walaa Baslyman
- Smart Hybrid Materials Laboratory (SHMs), Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Niveen M Khashab
- Smart Hybrid Materials Laboratory (SHMs), Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
Gu W, Meng F, Haag R, Zhong Z. Actively targeted nanomedicines for precision cancer therapy: Concept, construction, challenges and clinical translation. J Control Release 2021; 329:676-695. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
98
|
Du S, Liew SS, Zhang CW, Du W, Lang W, Yao CCY, Li L, Ge J, Yao SQ. Cell-Permeant Bioadaptors for Cytosolic Delivery of Native Antibodies: A "Mix-and-Go" Approach. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2020; 6:2362-2376. [PMID: 33376798 PMCID: PMC7760483 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.0c01379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Antibodies are powerful tools that may potentially find wide applications in live-cell bioimaging, disease diagnostics, and therapeutics. Their practical applications have however remained limited thus far, owing to their inability to cross the cell membrane. Existing approaches for cytosolic delivery of functional antibodies are available, but they are constantly plagued by the need for chemical/genetic modifications, low delivery efficiency, and severe endolysosomal trapping. Consequently, it is of paramount importance to develop new strategies capable of highly efficient cytosolic delivery of native antibodies with immediate bioavailability. Herein, we report a modification-free, convenient "mix-and-go" strategy for the cytosolic delivery of native antibodies to different live mammalian cells efficiently, with minimal endolysosomal trapping and immediate bioavailability. By simply mixing a cell-permeant bioadaptor (derived from protein A or TRIM21) with a commercially available off-the-shelf antibody, the resulting noncovalent complex could be immediately used for intracellular delivery of native antibodies needed in subsequent cytosolic target engagement. The versatility of this approach was successfully illustrated in a number of applications, including antibody-based, live-cell imaging of the endogenous protein glutathionylation to detect oxidative cell stress, antibody-based activation of endogenous caspase-3, and inhibition of endogenous PTP1B activity, and finally TRIM21-mediated endogenous protein degradation for potential targeted therapy. Our results thus indicate this newly developed, "mix-and-go" antibody delivery method should have broad applications in chemical biology and future drug discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shubo Du
- Department
of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Si Si Liew
- Department
of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Cheng-wu Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Wei Du
- Department
of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
- Shaanxi
Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) & Xi’an Key Laboratory
of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Wenjie Lang
- Key
Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of
Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang
University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Cassandra C. Y. Yao
- Department
of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Lin Li
- Shaanxi
Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) & Xi’an Key Laboratory
of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Jingyan Ge
- Key
Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of
Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang
University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Shao Q. Yao
- Department
of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
99
|
Jain A, Trindade GF, Hicks JM, Potts JC, Rahman R, Hague RJM, Amabilino DB, Pérez-García L, Rawson FJ. Modulating the biological function of protein by tailoring the adsorption orientation on nanoparticles. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 587:150-161. [PMID: 33360888 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Protein orientation in nanoparticle-protein conjugates plays a crucial role in binding to cell receptors and ultimately, defines their targeting efficiency. Therefore, understanding fundamental aspects of the role of protein orientation upon adsorption on the surface of nanoparticles (NPs) is vital for the development of clinically important protein-based nanomedicines. In this work, new insights on the effect of the different orientation of cytochrome c (cyt c) bound to gold nanoparticles (GNPs) using various ligands on its apoptotic activity is reported. Time-of-Flight Secondary-Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), electrochemical and circular dichroism (CD) analyses are used to investigate the characteristics of cyt c orientation and structure on functionalized GNPs. These studies indicate that the orientation and position of the heme ring inside the cyt c structure can be altered by changing the surface chemistry on the GNPs. A difference in the apoptosis inducing capability because of different orientation of cyt c bound to the GNPs is observed. These findings indicate that the biological activity of a protein can be modulated on the surface of NPs by varying its adsorption orientation. This study will impact on the rational design of new nanoscale biosensors, bioelectronics, and nanoparticle-protein based drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akhil Jain
- Division of Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Therapies, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Gustavo F Trindade
- Division of Advanced Materials and Healthcare Technologies, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Jacqueline M Hicks
- Division of Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Therapies, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Jordan C Potts
- Division of Advanced Materials and Healthcare Technologies, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Ruman Rahman
- Children's Brain Tumour Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Richard J M Hague
- Centre for Additive Manufacturing, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG8 1BB, UK
| | - David B Amabilino
- GSK Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2TU, UK
| | - Lluïsa Pérez-García
- Division of Advanced Materials and Healthcare Technologies, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Frankie J Rawson
- Division of Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Therapies, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
100
|
Zhang X, Xu Q, Zi Z, Liu Z, Wan C, Crisman L, Shen J, Liu X. Programmable Extracellular Vesicles for Macromolecule Delivery and Genome Modifications. Dev Cell 2020; 55:784-801.e9. [PMID: 33296682 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2020.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Getting large macromolecules through the plasma membrane and endosomal barriers remains a major challenge. Here, we report a generalizable method of delivering proteins and ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) to cells in vitro and mouse liver tissue in vivo with engineered ectosomes. These ectosomes, referred to as "Gectosomes," are designed to co-encapsulate vesicular stomatitis virus G protein (VSV-G) with bioactive macromolecules via split GFP complementation. We found that this method enables active cargo loading, improves the specific activity of cargo delivery, and facilitates Gectosome purification. Experimental and mathematical modeling analyses suggest that active cargo loading reduces non-specific encapsulation of cellular proteins, particularly nucleic-acid-binding proteins. Using Gectosomes that encapsulate Cre, Ago2, and SaCas9, we demonstrate their ability to execute designed modifications of endogenous genes in cell lines in vitro and mouse liver tissue in vivo, paving the way toward applications of this technology for the treatment of a wide range of human diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - Quanbin Xu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - Zhike Zi
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Otto Warburg Laboratory, 14195 Berlin, Germany; German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Experimental Toxicology and ZEBET, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Zeyu Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - Chun Wan
- Department of MCD-Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Lauren Crisman
- Department of MCD-Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Jingshi Shen
- Department of MCD-Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Xuedong Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80303, USA.
| |
Collapse
|