51
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Al Abbar A, Ngai SC, Nograles N, Alhaji SY, Abdullah S. Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells: Reprogramming Platforms and Applications in Cell Replacement Therapy. Biores Open Access 2020; 9:121-136. [PMID: 32368414 PMCID: PMC7194323 DOI: 10.1089/biores.2019.0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from differentiated mature cells is one of the most promising technologies in the field of regenerative medicine. The ability to generate patient-specific iPSCs offers an invaluable reservoir of pluripotent cells, which could be genetically engineered and differentiated into target cells to treat various genetic and degenerative diseases once transplanted, hence counteracting the risk of graft versus host disease. In this context, we review the scientific research streams that lead to the emergence of iPSCs, the roles of reprogramming factors in reprogramming to pluripotency, and the reprogramming strategies. As iPSCs serve tremendous correction potentials for various diseases, we highlight the successes and challenges of iPSCs in cell replacement therapy and the synergy of iPSCs and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 gene editing tools in therapeutics research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram Al Abbar
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Siew Ching Ngai
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Malaysia
| | - Nadine Nograles
- Newcastle University Medicine Malaysia, Educity, Iskandar Puteri, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Suleiman Yusuf Alhaji
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Syahril Abdullah
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
- UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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52
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Li J, Zhang Y, Yang Z, Zhang J, Lin R, Luo D. Salidroside promotes sciatic nerve regeneration following combined application epimysium conduit and Schwann cells in rats. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2020; 245:522-531. [PMID: 32053008 DOI: 10.1177/1535370220906541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Li
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Yongguang Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force/Xiamen University Dongfang Hospital, and Fuzong Clinical Medicine College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, China
| | - Zhimin Yang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Jingxian Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Ren Lin
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.,Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases of Fujian Province, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Daoshu Luo
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.,Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases of Fujian Province, Fuzhou 350122, China
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53
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Ruoß M, Vosough M, Königsrainer A, Nadalin S, Wagner S, Sajadian S, Huber D, Heydari Z, Ehnert S, Hengstler JG, Nussler AK. Towards improved hepatocyte cultures: Progress and limitations. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 138:111188. [PMID: 32045649 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hepatotoxicity is among the most frequent reasons for drug withdrawal from the market. Therefore, there is an urgent need for reliable predictive in vitro tests, which unfailingly identify hepatotoxic drug candidates, reduce drug development time, expenses and the number of test animals. Currently, human hepatocytes represent the gold standard. However, the use of hepatocytes is challenging since the cells are not constantly available and lose their metabolic activity in culture. To solve these problems many different approaches have been developed in the past decades. The aim of this review is to present these approaches and to discuss the possibilities and limitations as well as future opportunities and directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Ruoß
- Department of Traumatology, Siegfried Weller Institute, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Massoud Vosough
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Centre, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alfred Königsrainer
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Silvio Nadalin
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Silvia Wagner
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sahar Sajadian
- Department of Traumatology, Siegfried Weller Institute, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Diana Huber
- Department of Traumatology, Siegfried Weller Institute, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Zahra Heydari
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Centre, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sabrina Ehnert
- Department of Traumatology, Siegfried Weller Institute, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jan G Hengstler
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Technical University of Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Andreas K Nussler
- Department of Traumatology, Siegfried Weller Institute, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
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54
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Nguyen R, Bae SDW, Zhou G, Read SA, Ahlenstiel G, George J, Qiao L. Application of organoids in translational research of human diseases with a particular focus on gastrointestinal cancers. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1873:188350. [PMID: 32007597 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers constitute the largest portion of all human cancers and represent a significant health burden on modern society. Conventional therapeutic approaches such as chemotherapy and surgical resections often fail due to poor treatment response or tumour relapse. Unfortunately, drug discovery for GI cancers has stalled as current cancer models fail to recapitulate critical features of the parent tumour, leading to poor translation from bench to bedside. Recent advances in three-dimensional (3D) cell culturing techniques have driven the surge of interest in stem cell-derived organoid models, a promising platform with a plethora of potential applications due to its ability to retain crucial architectural, genomic and transcriptional properties of the native tissue. In this review article, we discuss current applications and advantages of organoid models in the translational research of GI cancers with a particular focus on primary liver cancer that currently lack effective curative treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romario Nguyen
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Sarah Da Won Bae
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Gang Zhou
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Scott A Read
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia; Blacktown Medical School, Western Sydney University, Blacktown, NSW, Australia
| | - Golo Ahlenstiel
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia; Blacktown Medical School, Western Sydney University, Blacktown, NSW, Australia; Blacktown Hospital, Blacktown, NSW, Australia
| | - Jacob George
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Liang Qiao
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia.
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55
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Richer G, Baert Y, Goossens E. In-vitro spermatogenesis through testis modelling: Toward the generation of testicular organoids. Andrology 2020; 8:879-891. [PMID: 31823507 PMCID: PMC7496450 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background The testicular organoid concept has recently been introduced in tissue engineering to refer to testicular cell organizations modeling testicular architecture and function. The testicular organoid approach gives control over which and how cells reaggregate, which is not possible in organotypic cultures, thereby extending the applicability of in‐vitro spermatogenesis (IVS) systems. However, it remains unclear which culture method and medium allow reassociation of testicular cells into a functional testicular surrogate in‐vitro. Objective The aim of this paper is to review the different strategies that have been used in an attempt to create testicular organoids and generate spermatozoa. We want to provide an up‐to‐date list on culture methodologies and media compositions that have been used and determine their role in regulating tubulogenesis and differentiation of testicular cells. Search method A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus to select studies reporting the reorganization of testicular cell suspensions in‐vitro, using the keywords: three‐dimensional culture, in‐vitro spermatogenesis, testicular organoid, testicular scaffold, and tubulogenesis. Papers published before the August 1, 2019, were selected. Outcome Only a limited number of studies have concentrated on recreating the testicular architecture in‐vitro. While some advances have been made in the testicular organoid research in terms of cellular reorganization, none of the described culture systems is adequate for the reproduction of both the testicular architecture and IVS. Conclusion Further improvements in culture methodology and medium composition have to be made before being able to provide both testicular tubulogenesis and spermatogenesis in‐vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Richer
- Biology of the Testis research Lab, Department of Reproduction, Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yoni Baert
- Biology of the Testis research Lab, Department of Reproduction, Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ellen Goossens
- Biology of the Testis research Lab, Department of Reproduction, Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
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56
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Kino J, Ichinohe N, Ishii M, Suzuki H, Mizuguchi T, Tanimizu N, Mitaka T. Self-Renewal Capability of Hepatocytic Parental Progenitor Cells Derived From Adult Rat Liver Is Maintained Long Term When Cultured on Laminin 111 in Serum-Free Medium. Hepatol Commun 2020; 4:21-37. [PMID: 31909353 PMCID: PMC6939498 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated how the ability of hepatocytic parental progenitor cells (HPPCs) to self‐renew can be maintained and how laminin (LN) isoforms play an important role in their self‐renewal and maturation. Hepatocytes isolated from adult rat livers were cultured on hyaluronic acid to form colonies consisting of CD44+ small hepatocytes, which could be passaged on dishes coated with Matrigel. When second‐passage cells were plated on Matrigel, LN111, or LN511, HPPCs appeared on Matrigel and LN111 but not on LN511. We identified two types of cells among the second‐passage cells: Small, round cells and large, flat ones were observed on Matrigel, whereas the former and latter ones were specifically attached on LN111 and LN511, respectively. We hypothesized that small and round cells are the origin of HPPC colonies, and the binding to LN111 could be key to maintaining their self‐renewal capability. Among the integrins involved in LN binding, integrins α3 and β1 were expressed in colonies on LN111 more than in those on LN511, whereas β4 was more strongly expressed in colonies on LN511. Integrin α3highα6β1high cells could form HPPC colonies on LN111 but not on LN511, whereas integrin α6β1low cells could not on either LN111 or LN511. In addition, neutralizing anti‐integrin β1 and anti‐LN111 antibodies inhibited the passaged cells’ ability to attach and form colonies on LN111 by HPPCs. Matrigel overlay induced second‐passage cells growing on LN111 to increase their expression of hepatic functional genes and to form 3‐dimensional colonies with bile canalicular networks, whereas such a shift was poorly induced when they were grown onLN511. Conclusion: These results suggest that the self‐renewal capability of HPPCs depends on LN111 through integrin β1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Kino
- Department of Tissue Development and Regeneration Research Institute for Frontier Medicine Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Sapporo Japan.,Medical Regulatory Affairs Department Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd Tokyo Japan
| | - Norihisa Ichinohe
- Department of Tissue Development and Regeneration Research Institute for Frontier Medicine Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Sapporo Japan
| | - Masayuki Ishii
- Department of Tissue Development and Regeneration Research Institute for Frontier Medicine Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Sapporo Japan.,Department of Surgery Surgical Oncology and Science Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Sapporo Japan
| | - Hiromu Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Biology Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Sapporo Japan
| | - Toru Mizuguchi
- Department of Surgery Surgical Oncology and Science Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Sapporo Japan
| | - Naoki Tanimizu
- Department of Tissue Development and Regeneration Research Institute for Frontier Medicine Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Sapporo Japan
| | - Toshihiro Mitaka
- Department of Tissue Development and Regeneration Research Institute for Frontier Medicine Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Sapporo Japan
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57
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Dayem AA, Won J, Goo HG, Yang GM, Seo DS, Jeon BM, Choi HY, Park SE, Lim KM, Jang SH, Lee SB, Choi SB, Kim K, Kang GH, Yeon GB, Kim DS, Cho SG. The immobilization of fibronectin- and fibroblast growth factor 2-derived peptides on a culture plate supports the attachment and proliferation of human pluripotent stem cells. Stem Cell Res 2020; 43:101700. [PMID: 31981882 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2020.101700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) offer a promising tool for regenerative medicine. The clinical application of PSCs inevitably requires a large-scale culture in a highly defined environment. The present study aimed to devise defined coating materials for the efficient adhesion and proliferation of human PSCs (hPSCs). We tested the activity of seven fibronectin-derived peptides and three laminin-derived peptides for the attachment and proliferation of hPSCs through their immobilization on the bottom of culture dishes by creating a fusion protein with the mussel adhesion protein. Among the extracellular matrix (ECM) mimetics tested, one fibronectin-derived peptide, PHSRN-GRGDSP, significantly promoted adhesion, enhanced alkaline phosphatase activity, and increased pluripotency-related gene expression in hPSCs compared to Matrigel. Furthermore, co-immobilization of a particular canofin peptide derived from fibroblast growth factor 2 increased pluripotency marker expression, which may offer the possibility of culture without growth factor supplementation. Our findings afford a novel defined condition for the efficient culture of hPSCs and may be utilized in future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abdal Dayem
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Biotechnology and Incurable Disease Animal Model and Stem Cell Institute (IDASI), Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihye Won
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Biotechnology and Incurable Disease Animal Model and Stem Cell Institute (IDASI), Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; AMOGREENTECH, 91, Gimpo-daero 1950 beon-gil, Tongjin-eup, Gimpo-si, Gyeonggi-do 10014, Republic of Korea
| | - Hui-Gwan Goo
- AMOGREENTECH, 91, Gimpo-daero 1950 beon-gil, Tongjin-eup, Gimpo-si, Gyeonggi-do 10014, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwang-Mo Yang
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Biotechnology and Incurable Disease Animal Model and Stem Cell Institute (IDASI), Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Sik Seo
- AMOGREENTECH, 91, Gimpo-daero 1950 beon-gil, Tongjin-eup, Gimpo-si, Gyeonggi-do 10014, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Min Jeon
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Yeon Choi
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Biotechnology and Incurable Disease Animal Model and Stem Cell Institute (IDASI), Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Eun Park
- AMOGREENTECH, 91, Gimpo-daero 1950 beon-gil, Tongjin-eup, Gimpo-si, Gyeonggi-do 10014, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Min Lim
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Biotechnology and Incurable Disease Animal Model and Stem Cell Institute (IDASI), Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Ho Jang
- AMOGREENTECH, 91, Gimpo-daero 1950 beon-gil, Tongjin-eup, Gimpo-si, Gyeonggi-do 10014, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Bin Lee
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Biotechnology and Incurable Disease Animal Model and Stem Cell Institute (IDASI), Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Baek Choi
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Biotechnology and Incurable Disease Animal Model and Stem Cell Institute (IDASI), Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeongseok Kim
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Biotechnology and Incurable Disease Animal Model and Stem Cell Institute (IDASI), Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun-Ho Kang
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Biotechnology and Incurable Disease Animal Model and Stem Cell Institute (IDASI), Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu-Bum Yeon
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Sung Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Department of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, Guro Hospital, 97 Gurodong-gil, Guro-gu, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ssang-Goo Cho
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Biotechnology and Incurable Disease Animal Model and Stem Cell Institute (IDASI), Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
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Shin Y, Lee SW, Namkoong E, An W, Lee JH, Brown PD, Park K. Epigenetic Modification as a Regulatory Mechanism for Spatiotemporal Dynamics of ANO1 Expression in Salivary Glands. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E6298. [PMID: 31847128 PMCID: PMC6940850 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Anoctamin1 (ANO1), a calcium activated chloride channel, is known to play a critical role in salivary secretion. In the salivary gland, ANO1 is expressed exclusively in the acinar cells, with no expression in the ductal cells. However, the mechanisms that determine this distinctive cell type-dependent expression pattern of ANO1 remain unknown. In this study, we discovered that the cell-dependent expression of ANO1 during salivary gland organogenesis is regulated by DNA methylation of ANO1 CpG islands. ANO1 CpG islands in e12 embryonic submandibular glands (eSMG) are highly methylated, but those in e14 eSMG or adult SMG are significantly unmethylated. The differential expression pattern of ANO1 in duct and acini is defined at e14. Artificial demethylation by treatment with the demethylating agent 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-CdR), induced the expression of ANO1 in both the ductal cell line Human Submandibular Gland (HSG) and in the duct cells of adult mouse SMG. During the trans-differentiation in Matrigel of duct-origin HSG cells into acinar-like phenotype, significant demethylation of ANO1 CpG islands is observed. This may be due to the reduced expression of DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) 3a and 3b. These results suggest that the differential expression of ANO1 in salivary glands during organogenesis and differentiation is mainly regulated by epigenetic demethylation of the ANO1 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghwan Shin
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University and Dental Research Institute, Seoul 110-749, Korea; (Y.S.); (S.-W.L.); (E.N.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA;
| | - Sang-Woo Lee
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University and Dental Research Institute, Seoul 110-749, Korea; (Y.S.); (S.-W.L.); (E.N.)
| | - Eun Namkoong
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University and Dental Research Institute, Seoul 110-749, Korea; (Y.S.); (S.-W.L.); (E.N.)
| | - Woojin An
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA;
| | - Jong-Ho Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul 110-749, Korea
| | - Peter D Brown
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK;
| | - Kyungpyo Park
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University and Dental Research Institute, Seoul 110-749, Korea; (Y.S.); (S.-W.L.); (E.N.)
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59
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Fearing BV, Jing L, Barcellona MN, Witte SE, Buchowski JM, Zebala LP, Kelly MP, Luhmann S, Gupta MC, Pathak A, Setton LA. Mechanosensitive transcriptional coactivators MRTF-A and YAP/TAZ regulate nucleus pulposus cell phenotype through cell shape. FASEB J 2019; 33:14022-14035. [PMID: 31638828 PMCID: PMC6894097 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802725rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Cells of the adult nucleus pulposus (NP) are critically important in maintaining overall disc health and function. NP cells reside in a soft, gelatinous matrix that dehydrates and becomes increasingly fibrotic with age. Such changes result in physical cues of matrix stiffness that may be potent regulators of NP cell phenotype and may contribute to a transition toward a senescent and fibroblastic NP cell with a limited capacity for repair. Here, we investigate the mechanosignaling cues generated from changes in matrix stiffness in directing NP cell phenotype and identify mechanisms that can potentially preserve a biosynthetically active, juvenile NP cell phenotype. Using a laminin-functionalized polyethylene glycol hydrogel, we show that when NP cells form rounded, multicell clusters, they are able to maintain cytosolic localization of myocardin-related transcription factor (MRTF)-A, a coactivator of serum-response factor (SRF), known to promote fibroblast-like behaviors in many cells. Upon preservation of a rounded shape, human NP cells similarly showed cytosolic retention of transcriptional coactivator Yes-associated protein (YAP) and its paralogue PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) with associated decline in activation of its transcription factor TEA domain family member-binding domain (TEAD). When changes in cell shape occur, leading to a more spread, fibrotic morphology associated with stronger F-actin alignment, SRF and TEAD are up-regulated. However, targeted deletion of either cofactor was not sufficient to overcome shape-mediated changes observed in transcriptional activation of SRF or TEAD. Findings show that substrate stiffness-induced promotion of F-actin alignment occurs concomitantly with a flattened, spread morphology, decreased NP marker expression, and reduced biosynthetic activity. This work indicates cell shape is a stronger indicator of SRF and TEAD mechanosignaling pathways than coactivators MRTF-A and YAP/TAZ, respectively, and may play a role in the degeneration-associated loss of NP cellularity and phenotype.-Fearing, B. V., Jing, L., Barcellona, M. N., Witte, S. E., Buchowski, J. M., Zebala, L. P., Kelly, M. P., Luhmann, S., Gupta, M. C., Pathak, A., Setton, L. A. Mechanosensitive transcriptional coactivators MRTF-A and YAP/TAZ regulate nucleus pulposus cell phenotype through cell shape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bailey V. Fearing
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Liufang Jing
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Marcos N. Barcellona
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Savannah Est Witte
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jacob M. Buchowski
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Lukas P. Zebala
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Michael P. Kelly
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Scott Luhmann
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Munish C. Gupta
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Amit Pathak
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Lori A. Setton
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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60
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Lim JJ, Kim HJ, Rhie BH, Lee MR, Choi MJ, Hong SH, Kim KS. Maintenance of hPSCs under Xeno-Free and Chemically Defined Culture Conditions. Int J Stem Cells 2019; 12:484-496. [PMID: 31658510 PMCID: PMC6881038 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc19090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Previously, the majority of human embryonic stem cells and human induced pluripotent stem cells have been derived on feeder layers and chemically undefined medium. Those media components related to feeder cells, or animal products, often greatly affect the consistency of the cell culture. There are clear advantages of a defined, xeno-free, and feeder-free culture system for human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) cultures, since consistency in the formulations prevents lot-to-lot variability. Eliminating all non-human components reduces health risks for downstream applications, and those environments reduce potential immunological reactions from stem cells. Therefore, development of feeder-free hPSCs culture systems has been an important focus of hPSCs research. Recently, researchers have established a variety of culture systems in a defined combination, xeno-free matrix and medium that supports the growth and differentiation of hPSCs. Here we described detailed hPSCs culture methods under feeder-free and chemically defined conditions using vitronetin and TeSR-E8 medium including supplement bioactive lysophospholipid for promoting hPSCs proliferation and maintaining stemness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Jin Lim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung Joon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung-Ho Rhie
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Man Ryul Lee
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bioscience, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Myeong Jun Choi
- 1st Research Center, Axceso Biopharma Co., Ltd., Yongin, Korea
| | - Seok-Ho Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Kye-Seong Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.,College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
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61
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O'Neill HC, Lim HK, Periasamy P, Kumarappan L, Tan JKH, O'Neill TJ. Transplanted spleen stromal cells with osteogenic potential support ectopic myelopoiesis. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0223416. [PMID: 31584977 PMCID: PMC6777786 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Spleen stromal lines which support in vitro hematopoiesis are investigated for their lineage origin and hematopoietic support function in vivo. Marker expression and gene profiling identify a lineage relationship with mesenchymal stem cells and perivascular reticular cells described recently in bone marrow. Stromal lines commonly express Cxcl12, Pdgfra and Pdgfr typical of bone marrow derived perivascular reticular cells but reflect a unique cell type in terms of other gene and marker expression. Their classification as osteoprogenitors is confirmed through ability to undergo osteogenic, but not adipogenic or chondrogenic differentiation. Some stromal lines were shown to form ectopic niches for HSCs following engraftment under the kidney capsule of NOD/SCID mice. The presence of myeloid cells and a higher representation of a specific dendritic-like cell type over other myeloid cells within grafts was consistent with previous in vitro evidence of hematopoietic support capacity. These studies reinforce the role of perivascular/perisinusoidal reticular cells in hematopoiesis and implicate such cells as niches for hematopoiesis in spleen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen C O'Neill
- Clem Jones Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Hong K Lim
- Clem Jones Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Pravin Periasamy
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.,Department of Microbiology, Yoo Long School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lavanya Kumarappan
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Jonathan K H Tan
- Clem Jones Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Terence J O'Neill
- Big Data Centre, Bond Business School, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
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62
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Augsornworawat P, Velazco-Cruz L, Song J, Millman JR. A hydrogel platform for in vitro three dimensional assembly of human stem cell-derived islet cells and endothelial cells. Acta Biomater 2019; 97:272-280. [PMID: 31446050 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Differentiation of stem cells into functional replacement cells and tissues is a major goal of the regenerative medicine field. However, one limitation has been organization of differentiated cells into multi-cellular, three-dimensional assemblies. The islets of Langerhans contain many endocrine and non-endocrine cell types, such as insulin-producing β cells and endothelial cells. Despite the potential importance of endothelial cells to islet function, facilitating interactions between endothelial cells and islet endocrine cell types already differentiated from human embryonic stem cells has been difficult in vitro. We have developed a strategy of assembling human embryonic stem cell-derived islet cells with endothelial cells into three-dimensional aggregates on a hydrogel. The resulting islet organoids express β cell and other endocrine markers and are functional, capable of undergoing glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. This assembly was not observed on traditional tissue culture plastic and in aggregates generated in suspension culture, highlighting how physical culture conditions greatly influence the interactions among these cell types. These results provide a platform for evaluating the effects of the islet tissue microenvironment on human embryonic stem cell-derived β cells and other islet endocrine cells to develop tissue engineered islets. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Differentiation of insulin-producing cells and tissues from human pluripotent stem cells is being investigated for diabetes cell replacement therapies. Despite successes generating β cells, the cell type responsible for glucose-stimulated insulin secretion within the islets of Langerhans found in the pancreas, successful assembly with other non-endocrine cell types, particularly endothelial cells, has been technically challenging. The present study provides a platform for the assembly of endothelial cells with SC-β and other endocrine cells, producing islet organoids that are functional and express β cell markers, that can be used to study the islet microenvironment and islet tissue engineering.
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63
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Kratochvil MJ, Seymour AJ, Li TL, Paşca SP, Kuo CJ, Heilshorn SC. Engineered materials for organoid systems. NATURE REVIEWS. MATERIALS 2019; 4:606-622. [PMID: 33552558 PMCID: PMC7864216 DOI: 10.1038/s41578-019-0129-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Organoids are 3D cell culture systems that mimic some of the structural and functional characteristics of an organ. Organoid cultures provide the opportunity to study organ-level biology in models that mimic human physiology more closely than 2D cell culture systems or non-primate animal models. Many organoid cultures rely on decellularized extracellular matrices as scaffolds, which are often poorly chemically defined and allow only limited tunability and reproducibility. By contrast, the biochemical and biophysical properties of engineered matrices can be tuned and optimized to support the development and maturation of organoid cultures. In this Review, we highlight how key cell-matrix interactions guiding stem-cell decisions can inform the design of biomaterials for the reproducible generation and control of organoid cultures. We survey natural, synthetic and protein-engineered hydrogels for their applicability to different organoid systems and discuss biochemical and mechanical material properties relevant for organoid formation. Finally, dynamic and cell-responsive material systems are investigated for their future use in organoid research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Kratochvil
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alexis J. Seymour
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Thomas L. Li
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sergiu P. Paşca
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Calvin J. Kuo
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sarah C. Heilshorn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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64
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Chang J, Chaudhuri O. Beyond proteases: Basement membrane mechanics and cancer invasion. J Cell Biol 2019; 218:2456-2469. [PMID: 31315943 PMCID: PMC6683740 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201903066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In epithelial cancers, cells must invade through basement membranes (BMs) to metastasize. The BM, a thin layer of extracellular matrix underlying epithelial and endothelial tissues, is primarily composed of laminin and collagen IV and serves as a structural barrier to cancer cell invasion, intravasation, and extravasation. BM invasion has been thought to require protease degradation since cells, which are typically on the order of 10 µm in size, are too large to squeeze through the nanometer-scale pores of the BM. However, recent studies point toward a more complex picture, with physical forces generated by cancer cells facilitating protease-independent BM invasion. Moreover, collective cell interactions, proliferation, cancer-associated fibroblasts, myoepithelial cells, and immune cells are all implicated in regulating BM invasion through physical forces. A comprehensive understanding of BM structure and mechanics and diverse modes of BM invasion may yield new strategies for blocking cancer progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Chang
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Ovijit Chaudhuri
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
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65
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Rauti R, Renous N, Maoz BM. Mimicking the Brain Extracellular Matrix
in Vitro
: A Review of Current Methodologies and Challenges. Isr J Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201900052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rossana Rauti
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Tel Aviv University Israel
| | - Noa Renous
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Tel Aviv University Israel
| | - Ben M. Maoz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Tel Aviv University Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel
- The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv 69978 Israel
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66
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Shahin-Shamsabadi A, Selvaganapathy PR. A rapid biofabrication technique for self-assembled collagen-based multicellular and heterogeneous 3D tissue constructs. Acta Biomater 2019; 92:172-183. [PMID: 31085365 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Although monolayer cell culture models are considered as gold standard for in vitro modeling of pathophysiological events, they cannot reconstruct in vivo like gradient of gases and nutrients and lack proper cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. Spherical cellular aggregates, otherwise known as multicellular spheroids, are widely used as three-dimensional in vitro models to mimic natural in vivo cellular microenvironment for applications such as drug screening. Although very useful, the previously established techniques are limited to low cell numbers, their processes are usually slow, and sometimes show limitations in terms of the cell type that can be used. Here, a versatile technique based on rapid self-assembly of cells and extracellular matrix material in different shapes using microfabricated molds is introduced to form multicellular tissue constructs. The self-assembly process takes less than 6 h and produces a mechanically robust tissue construct that could be handled easily. We demonstrate that a variety of shapes including spherical, cuboidal, dumbbell- and cross-like shapes could be fabricated using this approach. Interestingly, the structures formed with non-spherical shapes were able to retain that shape even after removal from the molds and during long term cell culture. This versatile approach is applicable to a variety of cell types (breast cancer cell lines MCF-7, MDA-MB-321, Hs-578T; osteosarcoma cell line SaOS-2; endothelial cell line HUVEC) as well as a range of cell numbers (104-106). Furthermore, we also show that the constructs could be spatially patterned to position various cell types in a precisely controlled way. Such heterogeneous constructs that are formed provide physiologically relevant cell densities, 3D structure as well as close positioning of multiple types of cells that are not possible using other fabrication approaches. This fabrication approach will find significant applications in developing 3D cell culture models for drug discovery as well as tissue grafts for implantation. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this manuscript we describe a method for rapid formation of tissue constructs (6 h as opposed to several days for current state of art methods). We also identify the essential factors needed for such a rapid consolidation into a construct. We demonstrate the ability to form non-spherical constructs of various shapes that retain their shape over long term as opposed to those formed with current state of art that lose their shape during long time cell culture. We also show the ability to form precise heterogeneous constructs consisting of multiple cell types and with well-defined interfaces that are not possible with current state of art methods. This method could be used with a wide variety of cell types and are mechanically robust within 6 h to be handled with tweezers. We believe that such multicellular, heterogeneous constructs would be of significant use to biologists and drug discovery researchers investigating mechanisms involved in diseases processes or the effect of drug on them.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - P Ravi Selvaganapathy
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Canada; Department of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, Canada.
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67
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He PY, Yip WK, Jabar MF, Mohtarrudin N, Dusa NM, Seow HF. Effect of the miR-96-5p inhibitor and mimic on the migration and invasion of the SW480-7 colorectal cancer cell line. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:1949-1960. [PMID: 31423265 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The objectives of the present study were to identify the aberrant expression of microRNA (miRNA) in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) tissues from published miRNA profiling studies and to investigate the effects of the identified miRNA inhibitor and mimic miR-96-5p on CRC cell migration and invasion. The altered expression of the regulators of cytoskeleton mRNA in miR-96-5p inhibitor-transfected cells was determined. The miR-96-5p expression level in five CRC cell lines, HCT11, CaCo2, HT29, SW480 and SW620, and 26 archived paraffin-embedded CRC tissues were also investigated by reverse-transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Cell viability in response to the miR-96-5p inhibitor and mimic transfections was determined by an MTT assay. A Matrigel invasion assay was conducted to select the invasive subpopulation designated SW480-7, by using the parental cell line SW480. The effects of miR-96-5p mimic- or inhibitor-transfected SW480-7 cells on cell migration and invasion were evaluated using the Transwell and Matrigel assays, and the change in expression of the regulators of cytoskeleton mRNAs was identified by Cytoskeleton Regulators RT2-Profiler PCR array followed by validation with RT-qPCR. CRC tissues exhibited a significant increase in miR-96-5p expression, compared with their matched normal adjacent tissues, indicating an oncogenic role for miR-96-5p. The results demonstrated that the miR-96-5p inhibitor decreased the migration of SW480-7 cells, but had no effect on invasion. This may be due to the promotion of cell invasion by Matrigel, which counteracts the blockade of cell invasion by the miR-96-5p inhibitor. The miR-96-5p mimic enhanced SW480-7 cell migration and invasion, as expected. It was determined that there was a >2.5 fold increase in the expression of genes involved in cytoskeleton regulation, myosin light chain kinase 2, pleckstrin homology like domain family B member 2, cyclin A1, IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein 2, Brain-specific angiogenesisinhibitor 1-associated protein 2 and microtubule-actin crosslinking factor 1, in miR-96-5p inhibitor-transfected cells, indicating that they are negative regulators of cell migration. In conclusion, the miR-96-5p inhibitor blocked cell migration but not invasion, and the latter may be due to the counteraction of Matrigel, which has been demonstrated to stimulate cell invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Yuan He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Wai Kien Yip
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Faisal Jabar
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
| | - Norhafizah Mohtarrudin
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
| | - Noraini Mohd Dusa
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Kuala Lumpur Jalan Pahang, Kuala Lumpur 50586, Malaysia
| | - Heng Fong Seow
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
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68
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Howard AM, LaFever KS, Fenix AM, Scurrah CR, Lau KS, Burnette DT, Bhave G, Ferrell N, Page-McCaw A. DSS-induced damage to basement membranes is repaired by matrix replacement and crosslinking. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs.226860. [PMID: 30837285 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.226860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Basement membranes are an ancient form of animal extracellular matrix. As important structural and functional components of tissues, basement membranes are subject to environmental damage and must be repaired while maintaining functions. Little is known about how basement membranes get repaired. This paucity stems from a lack of suitable in vivo models for analyzing such repair. Here, we show that dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) directly damages the gut basement membrane when fed to adult Drosophila DSS becomes incorporated into the basement membrane, promoting its expansion while decreasing its stiffness, which causes morphological changes to the underlying muscles. Remarkably, two days after withdrawal of DSS, the basement membrane is repaired by all measures of analysis. We used this new damage model to determine that repair requires collagen crosslinking and replacement of damaged components. Genetic and biochemical evidence indicates that crosslinking is required to stabilize the newly incorporated repaired Collagen IV rather than to stabilize the damaged Collagen IV. These results suggest that basement membranes are surprisingly dynamic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela M Howard
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37240-7935, USA.,Center for Matrix Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Program in Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Kimberly S LaFever
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37240-7935, USA
| | - Aidan M Fenix
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37240-7935, USA
| | - Cherie' R Scurrah
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37240-7935, USA.,Program in Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Ken S Lau
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37240-7935, USA.,Program in Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Dylan T Burnette
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37240-7935, USA.,Program in Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Gautam Bhave
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37240-7935, USA.,Center for Matrix Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Nicholas Ferrell
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235-1631, USA
| | - Andrea Page-McCaw
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37240-7935, USA .,Center for Matrix Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Program in Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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69
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Ljung K, Grönlund A, Felldin U, Rodin S, Corbascio M, Österholm C, Grinnemo KH. Human Fetal Cardiac Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Differentiate In Vivo into Endothelial Cells and Contribute to Vasculogenesis in Immunocompetent Mice. Stem Cells Dev 2019; 28:310-318. [PMID: 30618344 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2018.0198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have shown great potential as a treatment for systemic inflammatory diseases, but their local regenerative properties are highly tissue- and site specific. Previous studies have demonstrated that adult human MSCs respond to inflammatory cytokines through the release of paracrine factors that stimulate angiogenesis, but they do not themselves differentiate into vascular structures in vivo. In this study, we used human fetal cardiac MSCs (hfcMSCs) harvested during the first trimester of heart development and injected them into the subcutaneous tissue of normal immunocompetent mice treated with short-term costimulation blockade for tolerance induction. When hfcMSCs were transplanted subcutaneously together with Matrigel matrix, they contributed to vasculogenesis through differentiation into endothelial cells and generation of the basal membrane protein Laminin α4. These characteristics of hfcMSCs are similar to the mesodermal progenitors giving rise to the developing heart and they may be useful for treatment of ischemic injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Ljung
- 1 Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,2 Heart and Vascular Division, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Grönlund
- 1 Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Felldin
- 1 Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sergey Rodin
- 3 Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Anaesthesiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Akademiska University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Matthias Corbascio
- 1 Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,2 Heart and Vascular Division, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Österholm
- 1 Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karl-Henrik Grinnemo
- 1 Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,3 Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Anaesthesiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Akademiska University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
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70
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Rustamov V, Keller F, Klicks J, Hafner M, Rudolf R. Bone Sialoprotein Shows Enhanced Expression in Early, High-Proliferation Stages of Three-Dimensional Spheroid Cell Cultures of Breast Cancer Cell Line MDA-MB-231. Front Oncol 2019; 9:36. [PMID: 30805306 PMCID: PMC6370714 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Normally, bone sialoprotein (BSP) is an important contributor to bone micro-calcification. However, it is also highly expressed in bone-metastatic malignancies, including prostate, lung, and breast cancer. In these disorders, BSP correlates with poor prognosis. Its expression in triple-negative breast cancer cells is enhanced by the transcription factor RUNX2, and both, BSP and RUNX2 are under control of IGF-1 and TGFβ1. Knockdown of BSP or its inactivation by specific antibodies were found to reduce the metastatic potential of MDA-MB-231 triple-negative breast cancer cells in xenografts. While the role of BSP in bone metastasis was studied using such in vivo models, valid in vitro test systems to investigate BSP biology have been lacking since this protein is expressed at very low levels in classical 2D cell cultures and the frequently used breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 is difficult to grow in 3D. Here, we have developed a long-term 3D spheroid culture model using MDA-MB-231 cells in a sandwich approach using cell embedding between a non-adherent surface and basement membrane extracts. This allowed consistent growth of spheroids for more than 21 days. Also, co-culturing of MDA-MB-231 with CCD-1137Sk fibroblasts yielded stably growing spheroids, suggesting the importance of extracellular matrix (ECM) in this process. In addition, we have set up a novel and simple open source analysis tool to characterize protein expression in 2D cultures and spheroids by immunofluorescence. Using this approach in combination with Western blot analysis, the expression profile of BSP was analyzed. BSP was enriched at the rims of spheroids, both in mono- and co-cultures and its abundance in general correlated with that of TGFβ1 under different conditions, including spheroid maturation, cytostatic treatment, and fibroblast co-culture. Conversely, correlation of IGF-1 and BSP was limited to mono-culture time course profiles. In conclusion, we present novel tools to study the regulation of gene expression in combination with cell proliferation and apoptosis in a long-term 3D model of breast cancer and find dynamic abundance profiles of the metastasis-relevant protein BSP and its regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeh Rustamov
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany.,Institute of Medical Technology of Heidelberg University and Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Florian Keller
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany.,Institute of Medical Technology of Heidelberg University and Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Julia Klicks
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany.,Institute of Medical Technology of Heidelberg University and Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Mathias Hafner
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany.,Institute of Medical Technology of Heidelberg University and Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Rudolf
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany.,Institute of Medical Technology of Heidelberg University and Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany
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71
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Fu T, Liang P, Song J, Wang J, Zhou P, Tang Y, Li J, Huang E. Matrigel Scaffolding Enhances BMP9-induced Bone Formation in Dental Follicle Stem/Precursor Cells. Int J Med Sci 2019; 16:567-575. [PMID: 31171908 PMCID: PMC6535656 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.30801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering requires a combination of cells, efficient biochemical and physicochemical factors, and biocompatible scaffolds. In this study, we evaluated the potential use of injectable Matrigel as a scaffold for the delivery of rat dental follicle stem/precursor cells (rDFSCs) transduced by bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 9 to enhance osteogenic differentiation in vitro and promote ectopic bone formation in vivo. Recombinant adenovirus was used to overexpress BMP9 in rDFSCs. Alkaline phosphatase activity was measured using a histochemical staining assay and a chemiluminescence assay kit. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to determine mRNA expression levels of bone-related genes including distal-less homeobox 5 (DLX5), osteopontin (OPN), osterix (Osx), and runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2). Matrix mineralization was examined by Alizarin Red S staining. rDFSCs proliferation was analyzed using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Subcutaneous implantation of rDFSCs-containing Matrigel scaffolds was used, and micro-computed tomography analysis, histological evaluation, and trichrome staining of implants extracted at 6 weeks were performed. We found that BMP9 enhanced alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralization in rDFSCs. The expression of bone-related genes (DLX5, OPN, Osx, and Runx2) was also increased as a result of BMP9 stimulation. Micro-computed tomography analysis and histological evaluation revealed that the bone masses retrieved from BMP9-overexpressing rDFSCs were significantly more pronounced in those with than in those without Matrigel. Our results suggest that BMP9 effectively promote osteogenic differentiation of rDFSCs, and Matrigel facilitate BMP9-induced osteogenesis of rDFSCs in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiwei Fu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, P.R. China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education College of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Panpan Liang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, P.R. China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education College of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Jinlin Song
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, P.R. China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education College of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Jinhua Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, P.R. China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education College of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Pengfei Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, P.R. China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education College of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Yinhong Tang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, P.R. China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education College of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, P.R. China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education College of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Enyi Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, P.R. China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education College of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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Hiller T, Berg J, Elomaa L, Röhrs V, Ullah I, Schaar K, Dietrich AC, Al-Zeer MA, Kurtz A, Hocke AC, Hippenstiel S, Fechner H, Weinhart M, Kurreck J. Generation of a 3D Liver Model Comprising Human Extracellular Matrix in an Alginate/Gelatin-Based Bioink by Extrusion Bioprinting for Infection and Transduction Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3129. [PMID: 30321994 PMCID: PMC6213460 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioprinting is a novel technology that may help to overcome limitations associated with two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures and animal experiments, as it allows the production of three-dimensional (3D) tissue models composed of human cells. The present study describes the optimization of a bioink composed of alginate, gelatin and human extracellular matrix (hECM) to print human HepaRG liver cells with a pneumatic extrusion printer. The resulting tissue model was tested for its suitability for the study of transduction by an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector and infection with human adenovirus 5 (hAdV5). We found supplementation of the basic alginate/gelatin bioink with 0.5 and 1 mg/mL hECM provides desirable properties for the printing process, the stability of the printed constructs, and the viability and metabolic functions of the printed HepaRG cells. The tissue models were efficiently transduced by AAV vectors of serotype 6, which successfully silenced an endogenous target (cyclophilin B) by means of RNA interference. Furthermore, the printed 3D model supported efficient adenoviral replication making it suitable to study virus biology and develop new antiviral compounds. We consider the approach described here paradigmatic for the development of 3D tissue models for studies including viral vectors and infectious viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Hiller
- Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Applied Biochemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, 13355 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Johanna Berg
- Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Applied Biochemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, 13355 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Laura Elomaa
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Viola Röhrs
- Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Applied Biochemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, 13355 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Imran Ullah
- Berlin-Brandenburger Centrum für Regenerative Therapien, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Katrin Schaar
- Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Applied Biochemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, 13355 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Ann-Christin Dietrich
- Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Applied Biochemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, 13355 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Munir A Al-Zeer
- Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Applied Biochemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, 13355 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Andreas Kurtz
- Berlin-Brandenburger Centrum für Regenerative Therapien, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Andreas C Hocke
- Dept. of Internal Medicine/Infectious and Respiratory Diseases, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Stefan Hippenstiel
- Dept. of Internal Medicine/Infectious and Respiratory Diseases, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Henry Fechner
- Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Applied Biochemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, 13355 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Marie Weinhart
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Jens Kurreck
- Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Applied Biochemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, 13355 Berlin, Germany.
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73
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Basement membranes in the cornea and other organs that commonly develop fibrosis. Cell Tissue Res 2018; 374:439-453. [PMID: 30284084 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-018-2934-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Basement membranes are thin connective tissue structures composed of organ-specific assemblages of collagens, laminins, proteoglycan-like perlecan, nidogens, and other components. Traditionally, basement membranes are thought of as structures which primarily function to anchor epithelial, endothelial, or parenchymal cells to underlying connective tissues. While this role is important, other functions such as the modulation of growth factors and cytokines that regulate cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, and fibrosis are equally important. An example of this is the critical role of both the epithelial basement membrane and Descemet's basement membrane in the cornea in modulating myofibroblast development and fibrosis, as well as myofibroblast apoptosis and the resolution of fibrosis. This article compares the ultrastructure and functions of key basement membranes in several organs to illustrate the variability and importance of these structures in organs that commonly develop fibrosis.
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74
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Tian F, Dahmani FZ, Qiao J, Ni J, Xiong H, Liu T, Zhou J, Yao J. A targeted nanoplatform co-delivering chemotherapeutic and antiangiogenic drugs as a tool to reverse multidrug resistance in breast cancer. Acta Biomater 2018; 75:398-412. [PMID: 29874597 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Several obstacles are currently impeding the successful treatment of breast cancer, namely impaired drug accumulation into the tumor site, toxicity to normal cells and narrow therapeutic index of chemotherapy, multidrug resistance (MDR) and the metastatic spread of cancer cells through the blood and lymphatic vessels. In this regard, we designed a novel multifunctional nano-sized drug delivery system based on LyP-1 peptide-modified low-molecular-weight heparin-quercetin conjugate (PLQ). This nanosystem was developed for targeted co-delivery of multiple anticancer drugs to p32-overexpressing tumor cells and peritumoral lymphatic vessels, using LyP-1 peptide as active targeting ligand, with the aim to achieve a targeted combinatorial chemo/angiostatic therapy and MDR reversal. The cellular uptake of PLQ nanoparticles by p32-overexpressing breast cancer cells was significantly higher than nonfunctionalized nanoparticles. Besides, the anti-angiogenic activity of PLQ nanoparticles was proven by the effective inhibition of the bFGF-induced neovascularization in subcutaneous Matrigel plugs. More importantly, PLQ/GA nanoparticles with better targeting ability toward p32-positive tumors, displayed a high antitumor outcome by inhibition of tumor cells proliferation and angiogenesis. Immunohistochemistry and western blot assay showed that PLQ/GA nanoparticles significantly disrupted the lymphatic formation of tumor, and inhibited the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) expression in MCF-7 tumor cells, respectively. In conclusion, PLQ/GA nanoparticles provide a synergistic strategy for effective targeted co-delivery of chemotherapeutic and antiangiogenic agents and reversing MDR and metastasis in breast cancer. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Herein, we successfully developed a novel amphiphilic nanomaterial, LyP-1-LMWH-Qu (PLQ) conjugate, consisting of a tumor-targeting moiety LyP-1, a hydrophobic quercetin (a multidrug resistance [MDR]-reversing drug) inner core, and a hydrophilic low-molecular-weight heparin (an antiangiogenic agent) outer shell for encapsulating and delivering a hydrophobic chemotherapeutic agent (gambogic acid). This versatile nanoplatform with multiple targeted features, i.e., dual chemo/angiostatic effects, destruction ability of the peritumoral lymphatic vessels, and reversal of MDR, resulted in a significantly stronger antitumor efficacy and lower toxic side effect than those of nontargeted nanoparticles and the free drug solution. Therefore, this versatile nanosystem might provide a novel insight for the treatment and palliation of breast cancer by targeted co-delivery of chemo/antiangiogenic agents and reversing MDR and metastasis.
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75
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Corso G, Figueiredo J, La Vecchia C, Veronesi P, Pravettoni G, Macis D, Karam R, Lo Gullo R, Provenzano E, Toesca A, Mazzocco K, Carneiro F, Seruca R, Melo S, Schmitt F, Roviello F, De Scalzi AM, Intra M, Feroce I, De Camilli E, Villardita MG, Trentin C, De Lorenzi F, Bonanni B, Galimberti V. Hereditary lobular breast cancer with an emphasis on E-cadherin genetic defect. J Med Genet 2018; 55:431-441. [PMID: 29929997 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2018-105337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have reported germline CDH1 mutations in cases of lobular breast cancer (LBC) not associated with the classical hereditary diffuse gastric cancer syndrome. A multidisciplinary workgroup discussed genetic susceptibility, pathophysiology and clinical management of hereditary LBC (HLBC). The team has established the clinical criteria for CDH1 screening and results' interpretation, and created consensus guidelines regarding genetic counselling, breast surveillance and imaging techniques, clinicopathological findings, psychological and decisional support, as well as prophylactic surgery and plastic reconstruction. Based on a review of current evidence for the identification of HLBC cases/families, CDH1 genetic testing is recommended in patients fulfilling the following criteria: (A) bilateral LBC with or without family history of LBC, with age at onset <50 years, and (B) unilateral LBC with family history of LBC, with age at onset <45 years. In CDH1 asymptomatic mutant carriers, breast surveillance with clinical examination, yearly mammography, contrast-enhanced breast MRI and breast ultrasonography (US) with 6-month interval between the US and the MRI should be implemented as a first approach. In selected cases with personal history, family history of LBC and CDH1 mutations, prophylactic mastectomy could be discussed with an integrative group of clinical experts. Psychodecisional support also plays a pivotal role in the management of individuals with or without CDH1 germline alterations. Ultimately, the definition of a specific protocol for CDH1 genetic screening and ongoing coordinated management of patients with HLBC is crucial for the effective surveillance and early detection of LBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Corso
- Division of Breast Surgery, European Institute of Oncology, Milano, Italy
| | - Joana Figueiredo
- EPIC Lab, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Veronesi
- Division of Breast Surgery, European Institute of Oncology, Milano, Italy.,Oncology and Hematology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Pravettoni
- Oncology and Hematology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Debora Macis
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Lo Gullo
- Division of Breast Imaging, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Provenzano
- NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK.,Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Antonio Toesca
- Division of Breast Surgery, European Institute of Oncology, Milano, Italy
| | - Ketti Mazzocco
- Oncology and Hematology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Fátima Carneiro
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal.,Division of Pathology, Hospital São Joao, Porto, Portugal
| | - Raquel Seruca
- EPIC Lab, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal.,Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Soraia Melo
- EPIC Lab, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal.,Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Schmitt
- EPIC Lab, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal.,Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Franco Roviello
- Departments of Surgery and Pathology, Le Scotte Hospital, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | | | - Mattia Intra
- Division of Breast Surgery, European Institute of Oncology, Milano, Italy
| | - Irene Feroce
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa De Camilli
- Division of Pathology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Trentin
- Division of Breast Imaging, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Bernardo Bonanni
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Viviana Galimberti
- Division of Breast Surgery, European Institute of Oncology, Milano, Italy
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76
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Ringuette-Goulet C, Bolduc S, Pouliot F. Modeling human bladder cancer. World J Urol 2018; 36:1759-1766. [PMID: 29948049 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-018-2369-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bladder cancer is a major public health concern and the treatment options available are unable to significantly prevent disease recurrence and progression. The need for experimental tumor models to efficiently reproduce the pathology of human cancers has prompted researchers to attempt various approaches. METHODS A PubMed search combining the MeSH bladder cancer and models was executed in March 2017. RESULTS We review the advantages and limitations of currently available in vitro 2D and 3D bladder cancer models as well as in vivo rodent models. To date, despite the description of a variety of animal models (including transplantable, carcinogen-induced and genetically engineered models), the establishment of reliable, simple, practicable and reproducible animal models remains an ongoing challenge. Recently, sophisticated 3D culture systems have been designed to better recapitulate the phenotypic and cellular heterogeneity as well as microenvironmental aspects of in vivo tumor growth, while being more flexible to conduct repeated experiments. CONCLUSION Selecting the most appropriate model for a specific application will maximize the conversion of potential therapies from the laboratory to clinical practice and requires an understanding of the various models available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra Ringuette-Goulet
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec Research Center, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Oncology Division, CHU de Québec Research Center, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bolduc
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec Research Center, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Frédéric Pouliot
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada.
- Oncology Division, CHU de Québec Research Center, Quebec, QC, Canada.
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77
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Hey CAB, Saltõkova KB, Bisgaard HC, Møller LB. Comparison of two different culture conditions for derivation of early hiPSC. Cell Biol Int 2018; 42:1467-1473. [PMID: 29603519 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Different culture-systems for derivation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) in vitro from human fibroblasts have been established. Here, we compared the efficacy of two different feeder-free culture-systems; Matrigel-coated surfaces in combination with mTeSR1 medium versus Vitronectin-coated surfaces in combination with Essential 8 (E8) medium. The comparison was performed by counting the number of emerging iPSC-looking colonies of re-programmed fibroblasts. The fibroblasts were re-programmed using episomal plasmids expressing OCT3/4, SOX2, KLF4, L-MYC, LIN28, and a p53 knock down shP53. Three different fibroblast lines, K40 and K48 from healthy controls and BBS1 from a patient with Bardet-Biedl syndrome, were used in two independent setups. The BBS1 line was used in both setups in combination with K40 and K48 respectively. In all four re-programming experiments, we observed a significantly higher number of emerging colonies with the combination Matrigel/mTeSR1 as compared to the combination Vitronectin/E8. The presence of iPSC was verified by alkaline phosphatase and Tra-1-60 staining. Furthermore, a higher expression of the pluripotency-associated markers NANOG and SOX2 in cells under Matrigel/mTeSR1 conditions compared with Vitronectin/E8 supported the higher proportion of iPSC on Matrigel/mTeSR1 plates. In conclusion, the combination Matrigel/mTeSR1 is more efficient for derivation of iPSC compared to the Vitronectin/E8 combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline A B Hey
- Applied Human Molecular Genetics, Clinical Genetics Clinic, Kennedy Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup, DK-2600, Denmark
| | - Katarina B Saltõkova
- Applied Human Molecular Genetics, Clinical Genetics Clinic, Kennedy Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup, DK-2600, Denmark
| | - Hanne C Bisgaard
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Lisbeth B Møller
- Applied Human Molecular Genetics, Clinical Genetics Clinic, Kennedy Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup, DK-2600, Denmark
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78
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Fakoya AOJ, Otohinoyi DA, Yusuf J. Current Trends in Biomaterial Utilization for Cardiopulmonary System Regeneration. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:3123961. [PMID: 29853910 PMCID: PMC5949153 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3123961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The cardiopulmonary system is made up of the heart and the lungs, with the core function of one complementing the other. The unimpeded and optimal cycling of blood between these two systems is pivotal to the overall function of the entire human body. Although the function of the cardiopulmonary system appears uncomplicated, the tissues that make up this system are undoubtedly complex. Hence, damage to this system is undesirable as its capacity to self-regenerate is quite limited. The surge in the incidence and prevalence of cardiopulmonary diseases has reached a critical state for a top-notch response as it currently tops the mortality table. Several therapies currently being utilized can only sustain chronically ailing patients for a short period while they are awaiting a possible transplant, which is also not devoid of complications. Regenerative therapeutic techniques now appear to be a potential approach to solve this conundrum posed by these poorly self-regenerating tissues. Stem cell therapy alone appears not to be sufficient to provide the desired tissue regeneration and hence the drive for biomaterials that can support its transplantation and translation, providing not only physical support to seeded cells but also chemical and physiological cues to the cells to facilitate tissue regeneration. The cardiac and pulmonary systems, although literarily seen as just being functionally and spatially cooperative, as shown by their diverse and dissimilar adult cellular and tissue composition has been proven to share some common embryological codevelopment. However, necessitating their consideration for separate review is the immense adult architectural difference in these systems. This review also looks at details on new biological and synthetic biomaterials, tissue engineering, nanotechnology, and organ decellularization for cardiopulmonary regenerative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Joshua Yusuf
- All Saints University School of Medicine, Roseau, Dominica
- All Saints University School of Medicine, Kingstown, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
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79
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Wieringa PA, Gonçalves de Pinho AR, Micera S, Wezel RJA, Moroni L. Biomimetic Architectures for Peripheral Nerve Repair: A Review of Biofabrication Strategies. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1701164. [PMID: 29349931 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201701164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Biofabrication techniques have endeavored to improve the regeneration of the peripheral nervous system (PNS), but nothing has surpassed the performance of current clinical practices. However, these current approaches have intrinsic limitations that compromise patient care. The "gold standard" autograft provides the best outcomes but requires suitable donor material, while implantable hollow nerve guide conduits (NGCs) can only repair small nerve defects. This review places emphasis on approaches that create structural cues within a hollow NGC lumen in order to match or exceed the regenerative performance of the autograft. An overview of the PNS and nerve regeneration is provided. This is followed by an assessment of reported devices, divided into three major categories: isotropic hydrogel fillers, acting as unstructured interluminal support for regenerating nerves; fibrous interluminal fillers, presenting neurites with topographical guidance within the lumen; and patterned interluminal scaffolds, providing 3D support for nerve growth via structures that mimic native PNS tissue. Also presented is a critical framework to evaluate the impact of reported outcomes. While a universal and versatile nerve repair strategy remains elusive, outlined here is a roadmap of past, present, and emerging fabrication techniques to inform and motivate new developments in the field of peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A. Wieringa
- Department of Complex Tissue RegenerationMERLN Institute for Technology‐Inspired Regenerative MedicineMaastricht University Universiteitssingel 40 Maastricht 6229 ER The Netherlands
| | - Ana Rita Gonçalves de Pinho
- Tissue Regeneration DepartmentMIRA InstituteUniversity of Twente Drienerlolaan 5 Enschede 7522 NB The Netherlands
| | - Silvestro Micera
- BioRobotics InstituteScuola Superiore Sant'Anna Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34 Pontedera 56025 Italy
- Translational Neural Engineering LaboratoryEcole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne Ch. des Mines 9 Geneva CH‐1202 Switzerland
| | - Richard J. A. Wezel
- BiophysicsDonders Institute for BrainCognition and BehaviourRadboud University Kapittelweg 29 Nijmegen 6525 EN The Netherlands
- Biomedical Signals and SystemsMIRA InstituteUniversity of Twente Drienerlolaan 5 Enschede 7522 NB The Netherlands
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- Department of Complex Tissue RegenerationMERLN Institute for Technology‐Inspired Regenerative MedicineMaastricht University Universiteitssingel 40 Maastricht 6229 ER The Netherlands
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80
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Comparison of "Dimensionality" of Cancer Cell Culture in Gelfoam ® Histoculture and Matrigel. Methods Mol Biol 2018. [PMID: 29572806 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7745-1_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
Cell and tissue culture can be performed on different substrates such as on plastic, in Matrigel™, and on Gelfoam®, a sponge matrix. Each of these substrates consists of a very different surface, ranging from hard and inflexible, a gel, and a sponge-matrix, respectively. Folkman and Moscona found that cell shape was tightly coupled to proper gene expression. The flexibility of a substrate is important for cells to maintain their optimal shape. Human osteosarcoma cells, stably expressing a fusion protein of av integrin, and green fluorescent protein (GFP), grew as a simple monolayer without any structure formation on the surface of a plastic dish. When the osteosarcoma cells were cultured within Matrigel, the cancer cells formed colonies but no other structures. When the cancer cells were seeded on Gelfoam®, the cells formed 3-dimensional tissue-like structures. These results indicate that Gelfoam® histoculture, unlike Matrigel™ culture, is true 3-dimensional.
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81
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Gerlach J, Encke J, Hole O, Müller C, Courtney J, Neuhaus P. Hepatocyte Culture between Three Dimensionally Arranged Biomatrix-Coated Independent Artificial Capillary Systems and Sinusoidal Endothelial Cell Co-Culture Compartments. Int J Artif Organs 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/039139889401700508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J.C. Gerlach
- Chirurgische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Rudolf Virchow, Freie Universität Berlin - Germany
| | - J. Encke
- Chirurgische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Rudolf Virchow, Freie Universität Berlin - Germany
| | - O. Hole
- Chirurgische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Rudolf Virchow, Freie Universität Berlin - Germany
| | - C. Müller
- Institut für Klinische Chemie, Universitätsklinikum Rudolf Virchow, Freie Universität Berlin - Germany
| | - J.M. Courtney
- Bioengineering Unit, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow - UK
| | - P. Neuhaus
- Chirurgische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Rudolf Virchow, Freie Universität Berlin - Germany
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82
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Heng BC, Gong T, Wang S, Lim LW, Wu W, Zhang C. Decellularized Matrix Derived from Neural Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells Enhances the Neurogenic Potential of Dental Follicle Stem Cells. J Endod 2018; 43:409-416. [PMID: 28231979 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2016.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs) possess neurogenic potential because they originate from the embryonic neural crest. This study investigated whether neural differentiation of DFSCs can be enhanced by culture on decellularized matrix substrata (NSC-DECM) derived from neurogenesis of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). METHODS The hESCs were differentiated into neural stem cells (NSCs), and NSC-DECM was extracted from confluent monolayers of NSCs through treatment with deionized water. DFSCs seeded on NSC-DECM, Geltrex, and tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS) were subjected to neural induction during a period of 21 days. Expression of early/intermediate (Musashi1, PAX6, NSE, and βIII-tubulin) and mature/late (NGN2, NeuN, NFM, and MASH1) neural markers by DFSCs was analyzed at the 7-, 14-, and 21-day time points with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Immunocytochemistry for detection of βIII-tubulin, PAX6, and NGN2 expression by DFSCs on day 7 of neural induction was also carried out. RESULTS Quantitative RT-PCR showed that expression of PAX6, Musashi1, βIII-tubulin, NSE, NGN2, and NFM by DFSCs was enhanced on NSC-DECM versus either the Geltrex or TCPS groups. Immunocytochemistry showed that DFSCs in the NSC-DECM group displayed more intense staining for βIII-tubulin, PAX6, and NGN2 expression, together with more neurite outgrowths and elongated morphology, as compared with either Geltrex or TCPS. CONCLUSIONS DECM derived from neurogenesis of hESCs can enhance the neurogenic potential of DFSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boon Chin Heng
- Endodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; Department of Biological Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Ting Gong
- Endodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- ENT Institute of Shenzhen, Shenzhen Longgang ENT Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lee Wei Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wutian Wu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chengfei Zhang
- Endodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, Hong Kong, China.
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83
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Lindberg OR, McKinney A, Engler JR, Koshkakaryan G, Gong H, Robinson AE, Ewald AJ, Huillard E, David James C, Molinaro AM, Shieh JT, Phillips JJ. GBM heterogeneity as a function of variable epidermal growth factor receptor variant III activity. Oncotarget 2018; 7:79101-79116. [PMID: 27738329 PMCID: PMC5346701 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) due to a deletion of exons 2-7 of EGFR (EGFRvIII) is a common alteration in glioblastoma (GBM). While this alteration can drive gliomagenesis, tumors harboring EGFRvIII are heterogeneous. To investigate the role for EGFRvIII activation in tumor phenotype we used a neural progenitor cell-based murine model of GBM driven by EGFR signaling and generated tumor progenitor cells with high and low EGFRvIII activation, pEGFRHi and pEGFRLo. In vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro studies suggested a direct association between EGFRvIII activity and increased tumor cell proliferation, decreased tumor cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix, and altered progenitor cell phenotype. Time-lapse confocal imaging of tumor cells in brain slice cultures demonstrated blood vessel co-option by tumor cells and highlighted differences in invasive pattern. Inhibition of EGFR signaling in pEGFRHi promoted cell differentiation and increased cell-matrix adhesion. Conversely, increased EGFRvIII activation in pEGFRLo reduced cell-matrix adhesion. Our study using a murine model for GBM driven by a single genetic driver, suggests differences in EGFR activation contribute to tumor heterogeneity and aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olle R Lindberg
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Andrew McKinney
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jane R Engler
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Gayane Koshkakaryan
- Touro University California, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Vallejo, CA, USA
| | - Henry Gong
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Aaron E Robinson
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Andrew J Ewald
- Departments of Cell Biology, Oncology, and Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Emmanuelle Huillard
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) UMR-S975, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR7225, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epiniere, Paris, France
| | - C David James
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Annette M Molinaro
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Joseph T Shieh
- Institute for Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Joanna J Phillips
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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84
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Hyaluronan chemistries for three-dimensional matrix applications. Matrix Biol 2018; 78-79:337-345. [PMID: 29438729 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Hyaluronan is a ubiquitous constituent of mammalian extracellular matrices and, because of its excellent intrinsic biocompatibility and chemical modification versatility, has been widely employed in a multitude of biomedical applications. In this article, we will survey the approaches used to tailor hyaluronan to specific needs of tissue engineering, regenerative and reconstructive medicine and overall biomedical research. We will also describe recent examples of applications in these broader areas, such as 3D cell culture, bioprinting, organoid biofabrication, and precision medicine that are facilitated by the use of hyaluronan as a biomaterial.
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85
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Abdal Dayem A, Lee S, Y. Choi H, Cho SG. The Impact of Adhesion Molecules on the In Vitro Culture and Differentiation of Stem Cells. Biotechnol J 2018; 13:1700575. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201700575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abdal Dayem
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology; Incurable Disease Animal Model and Stem Cell Institute (IDASI); Konkuk University; 120 Neungdong-ro Gwangjin-gu 05029 Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Soobin Lee
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology; Incurable Disease Animal Model and Stem Cell Institute (IDASI); Konkuk University; 120 Neungdong-ro Gwangjin-gu 05029 Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Y. Choi
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology; Incurable Disease Animal Model and Stem Cell Institute (IDASI); Konkuk University; 120 Neungdong-ro Gwangjin-gu 05029 Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Ssang-Goo Cho
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology; Incurable Disease Animal Model and Stem Cell Institute (IDASI); Konkuk University; 120 Neungdong-ro Gwangjin-gu 05029 Seoul Republic of Korea
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86
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Hackethal J, Schuh CMAP, Hofer A, Meixner B, Hennerbichler S, Redl H, Teuschl AH. Human Placenta Laminin-111 as a Multifunctional Protein for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1077:3-17. [PMID: 30357680 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-0947-2_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Laminins are major components of all basement membranes surrounding nerve or vascular tissues. In particular laminin-111, the prototype of the family, facilitates a large spectrum of fundamental cellular responses in all eukaryotic cells. Laminin-111 is a biomaterial frequently used in research, however it is primarily isolated from non-human origin or produced with time-intensive recombinant techniques at low yield.Here, we describe an effective method for isolating laminin-111 from human placenta, a clinical waste material, for various tissue engineering applications. By extraction with Tris-NaCl buffer combined with non-protein-denaturation ammonium sulfate precipitation and rapid tangential flow filtration steps, we could effectively isolate native laminin-111 within only 4 days. The resulting material was biochemically characterized using a combination of dot blot, SDS-PAGE, Western blot and HPLC-based amino acid analysis. Cytocompatibility studies demonstrated that the isolated laminin-111 promotes rapid and efficient adhesion of primary Schwann cells. In addition, the bioactivity of the isolated laminin-111 was demonstrated by (a) using the material as a substrate for outgrowth of NG 108-15 neuronal cell lines and (b) promoting the formation of interconnected vascular networks by GFP-expressing human umbilical vein endothelial cells.In summary, the isolation procedure of laminin-111 as described here from human placenta tissue, fulfills many demands for various tissue engineering and regenerative medicine approaches and therefore may represent a human alternative to various classically used xenogenic standard materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Hackethal
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology in AUVA Trauma Research Center, Vienna, Austria. .,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Christina M A P Schuh
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology in AUVA Trauma Research Center, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria.,Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cells for Cells, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alexandra Hofer
- Research Area Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Meixner
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology in AUVA Trauma Research Center, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Simone Hennerbichler
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria.,Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service of Upper Austria, Linz, Austria
| | - Heinz Redl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology in AUVA Trauma Research Center, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas H Teuschl
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Biochemical Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien, Vienna, Austria
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87
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88
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Predicting the Functional Impact of CDH1 Missense Mutations in Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18122687. [PMID: 29231860 PMCID: PMC5751289 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18122687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of E-cadherin in Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer (HDGC) is unequivocal. Germline alterations in its encoding gene (CDH1) are causative of HDGC and occur in about 40% of patients. Importantly, while in most cases CDH1 alterations result in the complete loss of E-cadherin associated with a well-established clinical impact, in about 20% of cases the mutations are of the missense type. The latter are of particular concern in terms of genetic counselling and clinical management, as the effect of the sequence variants in E-cadherin function is not predictable. If a deleterious variant is identified, prophylactic surgery could be recommended. Therefore, over the last few years, intensive research has focused on evaluating the functional consequences of CDH1 missense variants and in assessing E-cadherin pathogenicity. In that context, our group has contributed to better characterize CDH1 germline missense variants and is now considered a worldwide reference centre. In this review, we highlight the state of the art methodologies to categorize CDH1 variants, as neutral or deleterious. This information is subsequently integrated with clinical data for genetic counseling and management of CDH1 variant carriers.
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89
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Sachs PC, Mollica PA, Bruno RD. Tissue specific microenvironments: a key tool for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. J Biol Eng 2017; 11:34. [PMID: 29177006 PMCID: PMC5688702 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-017-0077-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The accumulated evidence points to the microenvironment as the primary mediator of cellular fate determination. Comprised of parenchymal cells, stromal cells, structural extracellular matrix proteins, and signaling molecules, the microenvironment is a complex and synergistic edifice that varies tissue to tissue. Furthermore, it has become increasingly clear that the microenvironment plays crucial roles in the establishment and progression of diseases such as cardiovascular disease, neurodegeneration, cancer, and ageing. Here we review the historical perspectives on the microenvironment, and how it has directed current explorations in tissue engineering. By thoroughly understanding the role of the microenvironment, we can begin to correctly manipulate it to prevent and cure diseases through regenerative medicine techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick C Sachs
- Medical Diagnostic and Translational Sciences, College of Health Science, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA
| | - Peter A Mollica
- Medical Diagnostic and Translational Sciences, College of Health Science, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA
| | - Robert D Bruno
- Medical Diagnostic and Translational Sciences, College of Health Science, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA
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90
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Cook CD, Hill AS, Guo M, Stockdale L, Papps JP, Isaacson KB, Lauffenburger DA, Griffith LG. Local remodeling of synthetic extracellular matrix microenvironments by co-cultured endometrial epithelial and stromal cells enables long-term dynamic physiological function. Integr Biol (Camb) 2017; 9:271-289. [PMID: 28317948 DOI: 10.1039/c6ib00245e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mucosal barrier tissues, comprising a layer of tightly-bonded epithelial cells in intimate molecular communication with an underlying matrix-rich stroma containing fibroblasts and immune cells, are prominent targets for drugs against infection, chronic inflammation, and other disease processes. Although human in vitro models of such barriers are needed for mechanistic studies and drug development, differences in extracellular matrix (ECM) needs of epithelial and stromal cells hinder efforts to create such models. Here, using the endometrium as an example mucosal barrier, we describe a synthetic, modular ECM hydrogel suitable for 3D functional co-culture, featuring components that can be remodeled by cells and that respond dynamically to sequester local cell-secreted ECM characteristic of each cell type. The synthetic hydrogel combines peptides with off-the-shelf reagents and is thus accessible to cell biology labs. Specifically, we first identified a single peptide as suitable for initial attachment of both endometrial epithelial and stromal cells using a 2D semi-empirical screen. Then, using a co-culture system of epithelial cells cultured on top of gel-encapsulated stromal cells, we show that inclusion of ECM-binding peptides in the hydrogel, along with the integrin-binding peptide, leads to enhanced accumulation of basement membrane beneath the epithelial layer and more fibrillar collagen matrix assembly by stromal cells over two weeks in culture. Importantly, endometrial co-cultures composed of either cell lines or primary cells displayed hormone-mediated differentiation as assessed by morphological changes and secretory protein production. A multiplex analysis of apical cytokine and growth factor secretion comparing cell lines and primary cells revealed strikingly different patterns, underscoring the importance of using primary cell models in analysis of cell-cell communication networks. In summary, we define a "one-size-fits-all" synthetic ECM that enables long-term, physiologically responsive co-cultures of epithelial and stromal cells in a mucosal barrier format.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christi D Cook
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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91
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Gunay G, Sever M, Tekinay AB, Guler MO. Three-Dimensional Laminin Mimetic Peptide Nanofiber Gels for In Vitro Neural Differentiation. Biotechnol J 2017; 12. [PMID: 28786563 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201700080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) provides biochemical signals and structural support for cells, and its functional imitation is a fundamental aspect of biomaterial design for regenerative medicine applications. The stimulation of neural differentiation by a laminin protein-derived epitope in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) environments is investigated. The 3D gel system is found to be superior to its 2D counterpart for the induction of neural differentiation, even in the absence of a crucial biological inducer in nerve growth factor (NGF). In addition, cells cultured in 3D gels exhibits a spherical morphology that is consistent with their form under in vivo conditions. Overall, the present study underlines the impact of bioactivity, dimension, and NGF addition, as well as the cooperative effects thereof, on the neural differentiation of PC-12 cells. These results underline the significance of 3D culture systems in the development of scaffolds that closely replicate in vivo environments for the formation of cellular organoid models in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokhan Gunay
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Melike Sever
- Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, National Nanotechnology Research Center (UNAM), Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayse B Tekinay
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey.,Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, National Nanotechnology Research Center (UNAM), Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mustafa O Guler
- Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, National Nanotechnology Research Center (UNAM), Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey.,Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
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92
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93
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Tissue Engineering in Ophthalmology: Implications for Eyelid Reconstruction. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2017; 33:157-162. [PMID: 27749619 DOI: 10.1097/iop.0000000000000792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Bioengineering aims to produce functional tissue replacements to repair defects and has been widely investigated over the past few decades. We aimed to review the available literature on the application of tissue engineering in ophthalmology, with a particular focus on ophthalmic plastic surgery and potential applications for eyelid reconstruction. METHODS A literature search was performed on the MEDLINE database using the keywords "bioengineering," "tissue engineering," and "ophthalmology." Articles written in English were included. RESULTS There is a substantial body of work on tissue engineering of the cornea. Other structures in ophthalmology investigated include the conjunctiva, lacrimal gland, and orbital bone. We also discuss the potential application of tissue engineering in eyelid reconstruction. CONCLUSION Tissue engineering represents the future of regenerative and reconstructive medicine, with significant potential applications in ophthalmic plastic surgery.
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94
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Cadar AG, Feaster TK, Durbin MD, Hong CC. Production of Single Contracting Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes: Matrigel Mattress Technique. CURRENT PROTOCOLS IN STEM CELL BIOLOGY 2017; 42:4A.14.1-4A.14.7. [PMID: 28806851 PMCID: PMC5577013 DOI: 10.1002/cpsc.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
This unit describes the published Matrigel mattress method. Briefly, we describe the preparation of the mattress, replating of the human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CM) on the Matrigel mattress, and hiPSC-CM mattress maintenance. Adherence to this protocol will yield individual, robustly shortening hiPSC-CMs, which can be used for downstream applications. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian G. Cadar
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Nashville, TN 37232 USA
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232 USA
| | | | - Matthew D. Durbin
- Department of Pediatrics/Division of Neonatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
| | - Charles C. Hong
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232 USA
- Research Medicine, Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System Nashville, TN 37212
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95
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Li Y, Li L, Chen ZN, Gao G, Yao R, Sun W. Engineering-derived approaches for iPSC preparation, expansion, differentiation and applications. Biofabrication 2017; 9:032001. [DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/aa7e9a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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96
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Liotta LA. Adhere, Degrade, and Move: The Three-Step Model of Invasion. Cancer Res 2017; 76:3115-7. [PMID: 27251085 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-1297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Experimental work during the period 1975-1986 revealed the crucial importance of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in tumor cell invasion and metastasis, and culminated in the three-step hypothesis of invasion. The first step is tumor cell attachment to the ECM. The second step is proteolytic degradation of the ECM, led by advancing protruding actin-rich pseudopods. The third step is migration of the tumor cell body through the remodeled matrix. This mechanistic scheme is widely accepted and continues to generate insights related to the large number of molecules, inside and outside invading cells, which all play a role in each of the three steps. Understanding the interaction of the tumor cells with the ECM has never been more clinically important. The ECM is not just a passive mechanical scaffold. Instead, the ECM is an active participant in neoplastic and physiologic invasion, and acts as an information highway, an immune sanctuary, and a storage depot supporting tumor growth and drug resistance. Cancer Res; 76(11); 3115-7. ©2016 AACRSee related article by Liotta, Cancer Res 1986;46:1-7Visit the Cancer Research 75(th) Anniversary timeline.
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97
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Paiva KBS, Granjeiro JM. Matrix Metalloproteinases in Bone Resorption, Remodeling, and Repair. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2017; 148:203-303. [PMID: 28662823 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are the major protease family responsible for the cleavage of the matrisome (global composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) proteome) and proteins unrelated to the ECM, generating bioactive molecules. These proteins drive ECM remodeling, in association with tissue-specific and cell-anchored inhibitors (TIMPs and RECK, respectively). In the bone, the ECM mediates cell adhesion, mechanotransduction, nucleation of mineralization, and the immobilization of growth factors to protect them from damage or degradation. Since the first description of an MMP in bone tissue, many other MMPs have been identified, as well as their inhibitors. Numerous functions have been assigned to these proteins, including osteoblast/osteocyte differentiation, bone formation, solubilization of the osteoid during bone resorption, osteoclast recruitment and migration, and as a coupling factor in bone remodeling under physiological conditions. In turn, a number of pathologies, associated with imbalanced bone remodeling, arise mainly from MMP overexpression and abnormalities of the ECM, leading to bone osteolysis or bone formation. In this review, we will discuss the functions of MMPs and their inhibitors in bone cells, during bone remodeling, pathological bone resorption (osteoporosis and bone metastasis), bone repair/regeneration, and emergent roles in bone bioengineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katiucia B S Paiva
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Biology and Cellular Interaction (LabMec), Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - José M Granjeiro
- National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology (InMetro), Bioengineering Laboratory, Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brazil; Fluminense Federal University, Dental School, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
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98
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Nam S, Lee J, Brownfield DG, Chaudhuri O. Viscoplasticity Enables Mechanical Remodeling of Matrix by Cells. Biophys J 2017; 111:2296-2308. [PMID: 27851951 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Living tissues consist largely of cells and extracellular matrices (ECMs). The mechanical properties of ECM have been found to play a key role in regulating cell behaviors such as migration, proliferation, and differentiation. Although most studies to date have focused on elucidating the impact of matrix elasticity on cell behaviors, recent studies have revealed an impact of matrix viscoelasticity on cell behaviors and reported plastic remodeling of ECM by cells. In this study, we rigorously characterized the plasticity in materials commonly used for cell culture. This characterization of plasticity revealed time-dependent plasticity, or viscoplasticity, in collagen gels, reconstituted basement membrane matrix, agarose gels, alginate gels, and fibrin gels, but not in polyacrylamide gels. Viscoplasticity was associated with gels that contained weak bonds, and covalent cross-linking diminished viscoplasticity in collagen and alginate gels. Interestingly, the degree of plasticity was found to be nonlinear, or dependent on the magnitude of stress or strain, in collagen gels, but not in the other viscoplastic materials. Viscoplastic models were employed to describe plasticity in the viscoplastic materials. Relevance of matrix viscoplasticity to cell-matrix interactions was established through a quantitative assessment of plastic remodeling of collagen gels by cells. Plastic remodeling of collagen gels was found to be dependent on cellular force, mediated through integrin-based adhesions, and occurred even with inhibition of proteolytic degradation of the matrix. Together, these results reveal that matrix viscoplasticity facilitates plastic remodeling of matrix by cellular forces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungmin Nam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Joanna Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Doug G Brownfield
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford, California
| | - Ovijit Chaudhuri
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
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99
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Basement Membrane Matrix Promotes the Efficiency of Hair Follicle Reconstruction In Vivo and Is a Cell Delivery Vehicle for Follicle Regeneration. Dermatol Surg 2017; 43:848-855. [PMID: 28541264 DOI: 10.1097/dss.0000000000001050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The efficiency of hair follicle (HF) reconstruction is decreased by extensive apoptotic remodeling that occurs soon after grafting. OBJECTIVE To evaluate a basement membrane matrix (matrix) to improve the efficiency of HF reconstruction and serve as a cell delivery vehicle. MATERIALS AND METHODS Newborn mouse skin cells were suspended in a matrix and transplanted in a chamber assay. The viability and proliferation of mouse dermal papilla cells seeded in the matrix were tested. Dermal papilla cells and epidermal cells seeded in matrix sheets were grafted into nude mice to observe hair formation. RESULTS The matrix significantly shortened the time to hair formation. The first hair shafts appeared within the matrix at 17.67 ± 1.21 days versus 23.00 ± 1.41 days for Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium controls. There was a significant difference (p < .05) in the number of newly formed hairs in areas of reconstructed skin with the matrix (100 μL) grafts (323 ± 12) versus controls (276 ± 11). Dermal papilla cells were successfully cultured in the matrix, and hair formation was dense when the matrix was used as a cell delivery vehicle for follicle reconstruction. CONCLUSION The matrix improved the efficiency of HF reconstruction and was a suitable delivery vehicle of cells for HF engineering.
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Bray LJ, Werner C. Evaluation of Three-Dimensional in Vitro Models to Study Tumor Angiogenesis. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2017; 4:337-346. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b00139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura J. Bray
- Institute
of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove 4059 Queensland Australia
- Mater
Research Institute - University of Queensland (MRI-UQ), Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba 4102, QLD Australia
| | - Carsten Werner
- Leibniz
Institute of Polymer Research Dresden e.V., Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden, Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Saxony, Germany
- Center
for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 105, 01307 Dresden, Saxony, Germany
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