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Abstract
Since ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxides (USPIOs) are not associated with a risk of nephrogenic sclerosis, they can serve as a safer contrast agents compared with gadolinium chelates for MR angiography, tissue perfusion studies, and atherosclerotic plaque and tumor imaging; USPIOs are especially beneficial for patients with renal insufficiency or patients with uncertain creatinine laboratory values. Amid mounting concerns about nephrogenic sclerosis and gadolinium deposition in the brain, physicians and patients alike are starting to question the use of gadolinium chelates for clinical magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. The search for safer alternatives is currently underway. In North America, the iron supplement ferumoxytol has gained considerable interest as an MR contrast agent. In Europe, ferumoxtran-10 is entering phase III clinical trials. As these agents are starting to be used by a new generation of radiologists, important clinical questions have re-emerged, including those that have been answered in the past. This article offers 10 important insights for the use of iron oxide nanoparticles in clinical MR imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike E Daldrup-Link
- From the Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Pediatrics, and Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University, 725 Welch Rd, Room 1665, Stanford, CA 94305-5614
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52
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Chiu HT, Su CK, Sun YC, Chiang CS, Huang YF. Albumin-Gold Nanorod Nanoplatform for Cell-Mediated Tumoritropic Delivery with Homogenous ChemoDrug Distribution and Enhanced Retention Ability. Am J Cancer Res 2017; 7:3034-3052. [PMID: 28839462 PMCID: PMC5566104 DOI: 10.7150/thno.19279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, living cells with tumor-homing properties have provided an exciting opportunity to achieve optimal delivery of nanotherapeutic agents. However, premature payload leakage may impair the host cells, often leading to inadequate in vivo investigations or therapeutic efficacy. Therefore, a nanoplatform that provides a high drug-loading capacity and the precise control of drug release is required. In the present study, a robust one-step synthesis of a doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded gold nanorod/albumin core-shell nanoplatform (NR@DOX:SA) was designed for effective macrophage-mediated delivery to demonstrate how nanoparticle-loaded macrophages improve photothermal/chemodrug distribution and retention ability to achieve enhanced antitumor effects. The serum albumin shell of these nanoagents served as a drug reservoir to delay the intracellular DOX release and drug-related toxicity that impairs the host cell carriers. Near-infrared laser irradiation enabled on-demand payload release to destroy neighboring tumor cells. A series of in vivo quantitative analyses demonstrated that the nanoengineered macrophages delivered the nanodrugs through tumor-tropic migration to tumor tissues, resulting in the twice homogenous and efficient photothermal activations of drug release to treat prostate cancer. By contrast, localized pristine NR@DOX:SAs exhibit limited photothermal drug delivery that further reduces their retention ability and therapeutic efficacy after second combinational treatment, leading to a failure of cancer therapy. Moreover, the resultant unhealable wounds impair quality of life. Free DOX has rapid clearance and therefore exhibits limited antitumor effects. Our findings suggest that in comparison with pristine nanoparticles or free DOX, the nanoengineered macrophages effectively demonstrate the importance and effect of homogeneous drug distribution and retention ability in cancer therapy.
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53
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Nanocapsules of therapeutic proteins with enhanced stability and long blood circulation for hyperuricemia management. J Control Release 2017; 255:54-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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54
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Yeo ELL, Cheah JUJ, Lim BY, Thong PSP, Soo KC, Kah JCY. Protein Corona around Gold Nanorods as a Drug Carrier for Multimodal Cancer Therapy. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2017; 3:1039-1050. [PMID: 33429578 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b00231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A single nanodevice based on gold nanorods (NRs) coloaded with a photosensitizer, Chlorin e6 (Ce6), and a chemotherapeutic, Doxorubicin (Dox), on its endogenously formed human serum (HS) protein corona, i.e., NR-HS-Ce6-Dox was developed with the aim of performing multimodal cancer therapy: photodynamic (PDT), photothermal (PTT) and chemotherapy (CTX) simultaneously upon irradiation with a single 665 nm laser. Here, the excitation of NRs and Ce6 resulted in photothermal ablation (PTT), and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to kill Cal 27 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells by oxidative stress (PDT) respectively, while the laser-triggered release of Dox intercalated into the DNA of cancer cells to result in DNA damage and cell death (CTX). High laser-triggered Dox release efficiency of 71.5% and strong plasmonic enhancement of ROS production by Ce6 (4.8-fold increase compared to free Ce6) was observed. Uptake of both Ce6 and Dox by Cal 27 cells was greatly enhanced, with 3.3 and 52 times higher intracellular Dox and Ce6 fluorescence observed, respectively, 6 h after dosing with NR-HS-Ce6-Dox compared to free drugs. The simultaneous trimodal therapy achieved a near complete eradication of cancer cells (98.7% cell death) with an extremely low dose of 15 pM NR-HS-Ce6-Dox loaded with just 1.26 nM Ce6 and 12.5 nM Dox due to strong synergistic enhancement in cancer cell kill compared to individual therapies performed separately. No dark toxicities were observed. These drug concentrations were far lower than any previously reported in vitro, thus eliminating any potential systemic toxicity of these agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Li Ling Yeo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 3, E4-04-08, Singapore 117583
| | - Joshua U-Jin Cheah
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering Centre for Life Sciences (CeLS), National University of Singapore, #05-01, 28 Medical Drive, Singapore 117456
| | - Bing Yi Lim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 3, E4-04-08, Singapore 117583
| | - Patricia Soo Ping Thong
- Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore 169610
| | - Khee Chee Soo
- Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore 169610
| | - James Chen Yong Kah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 3, E4-04-08, Singapore 117583.,NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering Centre for Life Sciences (CeLS), National University of Singapore, #05-01, 28 Medical Drive, Singapore 117456
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55
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Obst K, Yealland G, Balzus B, Miceli E, Dimde M, Weise C, Eravci M, Bodmeier R, Haag R, Calderón M, Charbaji N, Hedtrich S. Protein Corona Formation on Colloidal Polymeric Nanoparticles and Polymeric Nanogels: Impact on Cellular Uptake, Toxicity, Immunogenicity, and Drug Release Properties. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:1762-1771. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Katja Obst
- Institute
for Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 2-4, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Multifunctional
Biomaterials for Medicine, Helmholtz Virtual Institute, Kantstr. 55, 14513 Teltow, Germany
| | - Guy Yealland
- Institute
for Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 2-4, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Benjamin Balzus
- Institute
for Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Kelchstr. 31, 12169 Berlin, Germany
| | - Enrico Miceli
- Institute
for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Multifunctional
Biomaterials for Medicine, Helmholtz Virtual Institute, Kantstr. 55, 14513 Teltow, Germany
| | - Mathias Dimde
- Institute
for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Weise
- Institute
for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Murat Eravci
- Institute
for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Roland Bodmeier
- Institute
for Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Kelchstr. 31, 12169 Berlin, Germany
| | - Rainer Haag
- Institute
for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Multifunctional
Biomaterials for Medicine, Helmholtz Virtual Institute, Kantstr. 55, 14513 Teltow, Germany
| | - Marcelo Calderón
- Institute
for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Multifunctional
Biomaterials for Medicine, Helmholtz Virtual Institute, Kantstr. 55, 14513 Teltow, Germany
| | - Nada Charbaji
- Institute
for Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 2-4, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Multifunctional
Biomaterials for Medicine, Helmholtz Virtual Institute, Kantstr. 55, 14513 Teltow, Germany
| | - Sarah Hedtrich
- Institute
for Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 2-4, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Multifunctional
Biomaterials for Medicine, Helmholtz Virtual Institute, Kantstr. 55, 14513 Teltow, Germany
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56
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Cifuentes-Rius A, Boase NRB, Font I, Coronas N, Ramos-Perez V, Thurecht KJ, Borrós S. In Vivo Fate of Carbon Nanotubes with Different Physicochemical Properties for Gene Delivery Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:11461-11471. [PMID: 28299925 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b00677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Gene therapy has arisen as a pioneering technique to treat diseases by direct employment of nucleic acids as medicine. The major historical problem is to develop efficient and safe systems for the delivery of therapeutic genes into the target cells. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have demonstrated considerable promise as delivery vectors due to their (i) high aspect ratio and (ii) capacity to translocate through plasma membranes, known as the nanoneedle effect. To leverage these advantages, close attention needs to be paid to the physicochemical characteristics of the CNTs used. CNTs with different diameters (thinner and thicker) were treated by chemical oxidation to produce shorter fragments. Rigid (thick) and flexible (thin) CNTs, and their shortened versions, were coated with polyallylamine (ppAA) by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition. The ppAA coating leads to a positively charged CNT surface that is able to electrostatically bind the green fluorescent protein plasmid reporter. This study shows how rigidity and length can affect their (i) behavior in biological media, (ii) ability to transfect in vitro, and (iii) biodistribution in vivo. This study also generates a set of basic design rules for the development of more efficient CNT-based gene-delivery vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Cifuentes-Rius
- Grup d' Enginyeria de Materials (GEMAT), Institut Quı́mic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull , Via Augusta 390, Barcelona 08022, Spain
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI), Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Nathan R B Boase
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI), Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Ines Font
- Grup d' Enginyeria de Materials (GEMAT), Institut Quı́mic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull , Via Augusta 390, Barcelona 08022, Spain
| | - Nuria Coronas
- Grup d' Enginyeria de Materials (GEMAT), Institut Quı́mic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull , Via Augusta 390, Barcelona 08022, Spain
| | - Victor Ramos-Perez
- Grup d' Enginyeria de Materials (GEMAT), Institut Quı́mic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull , Via Augusta 390, Barcelona 08022, Spain
| | - Kristofer J Thurecht
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI), Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Salvador Borrós
- Grup d' Enginyeria de Materials (GEMAT), Institut Quı́mic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull , Via Augusta 390, Barcelona 08022, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN) , Zaragoza 50018, Spain
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57
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Chan KP, Gao Y, Goh JX, Susanti D, Yeo ELL, Chao SH, Kah JCY. Exploiting the Protein Corona from Cell Lysate on DNA Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles for Enhanced mRNA Translation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:10408-10417. [PMID: 28276241 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b15269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study describes the use of DNA functionalized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to enhance the synthesis of proteins in cell lysate and examines the mechanisms behind the enhanced mRNA translation. With an appropriate DNA oligomer sequence that hybridizes to the 3'-untranslated region of two mRNA of interest, insulin and green fluorescent protein (GFP), we found that these DNA conjugated AuNPs (AuNP-DNA) introduced into HeLa cell lysate enhanced the synthesis of insulin and GFP by up to 2.18 and 1.80-fold, respectively, over baseline production with just the mRNA present. The insulin synthesis was markedly reduced with non-DNA citrate-capped AuNP (1.25-fold) and AuNP-DNA with a nonspecific poly(T) sequence (1.25-fold). We showed that both nonspecific adsorption of ribosomes and translation factors to form a lysate protein corona on AuNP-DNA and weak hybridization between DNA oligomers and mRNA of interest were important factors that brought translation factors, ribosomes, and mRNA into close proximity of each other. This could reduce the recycling time of ribosomes during mRNA translation, thereby increasing the efficiency of protein synthesis. The outcome of this work shows that with rational DNA design, it could be possible to modulate intracellular biological processes with AuNP-DNA and increase their production of proteins for various biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kian Ping Chan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore , Singapore 117583
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research , Singapore 138668
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore , Singapore 117456
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore , Singapore 117583
| | - Jeremy Xianwei Goh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore , Singapore 117583
| | - Dewi Susanti
- Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore , Singapore 117546
| | - Eugenia Li Ling Yeo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore , Singapore 117583
| | - Sheng-Hao Chao
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research , Singapore 138668
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National University of Singapore , Singapore 117545
| | - James Chen Yong Kah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore , Singapore 117583
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore , Singapore 117456
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58
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Sangrà M, Estelrich J, Sabaté R, Espargaró A, Busquets MA. Evidence of Protein Adsorption in Pegylated Liposomes: Influence of Liposomal Decoration. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2017; 7:E37. [PMID: 28336870 PMCID: PMC5333022 DOI: 10.3390/nano7020037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In order to contribute to a better knowledge of the events involved in the formation of the protein corona when nanoparticles (NPs) come in contact with proteins, we report a study about the changes on the physicochemical properties of pristine, PEGylated and Cyclic Arginine-Glycine-Aspartate peptide (RGD)-functionalized large unilamelar liposomes (LUVs) or magnetoliposomes (MLs) upon incubation with Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA). The main phospholipid component of both LUVs and MLs was l-α-phosphatydylcholine (PC) or 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) with 20% of cholesterol. The most obvious indication of the interaction of BSA-nanosystems is given by changes in the hydrodynamic diameter of the particles but other evidence is needed to corroborate the process. Our findings indicate that size modification is a process that is accomplished in few hours and that is strongly dependent not only on the surface decoration but also of the lipid composition of both LUVs and MLs. Fluorescence quenching experiments as well as cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (Cryo-TEM) images assessed these changes and confirmed that although each system has to be studied in a particular way, we can establish three distinctive features that turn into more reactive systems: (a) compositions containing PC compared with their DMPC counterparts; (b) the presence of PEG and/or RGD compared to the pristine counterparts; and (c) the presence of SPIONs: MLs show higher interaction than LUVs of the same lipid composition. Consequently, PEGylation (that is supposed to make stealth NPs) actually fails in preventing complete protein binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Sangrà
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Avda. Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Joan Estelrich
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Avda. Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute (IN2UB), Avda. Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Raimon Sabaté
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Avda. Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute (IN2UB), Avda. Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Alba Espargaró
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Avda. Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute (IN2UB), Avda. Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Maria Antònia Busquets
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Avda. Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute (IN2UB), Avda. Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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59
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Ciaurriz P, Fernández F, Tellechea E, Moran JF, Asensio AC. Comparison of four functionalization methods of gold nanoparticles for enhancing the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 8:244-253. [PMID: 28243563 PMCID: PMC5301989 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.8.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique is based on the specific recognition ability of the molecular structure of an antigen (epitope) by an antibody and is likely the most important diagnostic technique used today in bioscience. With this methodology, it is possible to diagnose illness, allergies, alimentary fraud, and even to detect small molecules such as toxins, pesticides, heavy metals, etc. For this reason, any procedures that improve the detection limit, sensitivity or reduce the analysis time could have an important impact in several fields. In this respect, many methods have been developed for improving the technique, ranging from fluorescence substrates to methods for increasing the number of enzyme molecules involved in the detection such as the biotin-streptavidin method. In this context, nanotechnology has offered a significant number of proposed solutions, mainly based on the functionalization of nanoparticles from gold to carbon which could be used as antibody carriers as well as reporter enzymes like peroxidase. However, few works have focused on the study of best practices for nanoparticle functionalization for ELISA enhancement. In this work, we use 20 nm gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as a vehicle for secondary antibodies and peroxidase (HRP). The design of experiments technique (DOE) and four different methods for biomolecule loading were compared using a rabbit IgG/goat anti-rabbit IgG ELISA model (adsorption, directional, covalent and a combination thereof). As a result, AuNP probes prepared by direct adsorption were the most effective method. AuNPs probes were then used to detect gliadin, one of the main components of wheat gluten, the protein composite that causes celiac disease. With this optimized approach, our data showed a sensitivity increase of at least five times and a lower detection limit with respect to a standard ELISA of at least three times. Additionally, the assay time was remarkably decreased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Ciaurriz
- Cemitec (Multidisciplinary Center of Technologies for Industry), Polígono Mocholí, Plaza Cein 3, Noain 31110, Spain
| | - Fátima Fernández
- Cemitec (Multidisciplinary Center of Technologies for Industry), Polígono Mocholí, Plaza Cein 3, Noain 31110, Spain
| | - Edurne Tellechea
- Cemitec (Multidisciplinary Center of Technologies for Industry), Polígono Mocholí, Plaza Cein 3, Noain 31110, Spain
| | - Jose F Moran
- IdAB-CSIC-UPNA-GN (Institute of Agro-Biotechnology), Public University of Navarre, Campus Arrosadía s/n, Pamplona 31006, Spain
| | - Aaron C Asensio
- Cemitec (Multidisciplinary Center of Technologies for Industry), Polígono Mocholí, Plaza Cein 3, Noain 31110, Spain
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60
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Miceli E, Kar M, Calderón M. Interactions of organic nanoparticles with proteins in physiological conditions. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:4393-4405. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb00146k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy of nanoparticles in biomedical applications is strongly influenced by their ability to bind proteins onto their surface. The analysis of organic nanoparticles interacting with proteins in physiological conditions may help in the successful design of next generation nanoparticles with improved biodistributions and therapeutic performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Miceli
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie
- Freie Universität Berlin
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
- Helmholtz Virtuelles Institut – Multifunctional Biomaterials for Medicine
| | - Mrityunjoy Kar
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie
- Freie Universität Berlin
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Marcelo Calderón
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie
- Freie Universität Berlin
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
- Helmholtz Virtuelles Institut – Multifunctional Biomaterials for Medicine
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61
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de Puig H, Bosch I, Carré-Camps M, Hamad-Schifferli K. Effect of the Protein Corona on Antibody-Antigen Binding in Nanoparticle Sandwich Immunoassays. Bioconjug Chem 2016; 28:230-238. [PMID: 28095684 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of the protein corona on the function of nanoparticle (NP) antibody (Ab) conjugates in dipstick sandwich immunoassays. Ab specific for Zika virus nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) were conjugated to gold NPs, and another anti-NS1 Ab was immobilized onto the nitrocellulose membrane. Sandwich immunoassay formation was influenced by whether the strip was run in corona forming conditions, i.e., in human serum. Strips run in buffer or pure solutions of bovine serum albumin exhibited false positives, but those run in human serum did not. Serum pretreatment of the nitrocellulose also eliminated false positives. Corona formation around the NP-Ab in serum was faster than the immunoassay time scale. Langmuir binding analysis determined how the immobilized Ab affinity for the NP-Ab/NS1 was impacted by corona formation conditions, quantified as an effective dissociation constant, KDeff. Results show that corona formation mediates the specificity and sensitivity of the antibody-antigen interaction of Zika biomarkers in immunoassays, and plays a critical but beneficial role.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marc Carré-Camps
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institut Quimic de Sarria, Universitat Ramon Llull , Via Augusta 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kimberly Hamad-Schifferli
- Department of Engineering, University of Massachusetts Boston , Boston, Massachusetts 02125, United States
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62
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Yeo ELL, Cheah JUJ, Neo DJH, Goh WI, Kanchanawong P, Soo KC, Thong PSP, Kah JCY. Exploiting the protein corona around gold nanorods for low-dose combined photothermal and photodynamic therapy. J Mater Chem B 2016; 5:254-268. [PMID: 32263544 DOI: 10.1039/c6tb02743a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A nanodevice comprising human serum (HS) protein corona coated gold nanorods (NRs) has been developed to perform both photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) simultaneously at a very low dose under irradiation by a single laser. Here, we exploit the protein corona to load a photosensitizer, chlorin e6 (Ce6), to form NR-HS-Ce6, whose excitation wavelength matches with the longitudinal surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of NRs. When excited by a single laser, the NRs caused photothermal ablation of cancer cells while Ce6 simultaneously produced reactive oxygen species (ROS) to kill cancer cells through oxidative stress in PDT. We found that the protein corona did not affect the photothermal heating of NRs and observed more than 5-fold increase in ROS generation when Ce6 was loaded on NR-HS compared to free HS-Ce6 dissolved in HS. The uptake of Ce6 by Cal 27 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells also increased 57-fold when loaded on NR-HS compared to free HS-Ce6. While both PDT and PTT have established modest success in reducing cancer cell viability on their own, we have shown that the combined therapy can achieve near complete eradication (95.2% cell kill) of cancer cells even at an extremely low dose of 50 pM of NR-HS-Ce6 containing an equivalent of 7.67 μg mL-1 Au and 4.83 nM Ce6. This near complete cell kill at such a low dose has not been reported previously. The advantages of this nanoscale delivery system showcase the application of protein corona in cancer treatment instead of considering it as an undesirable biological artefact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Li Ling Yeo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, E4-04-08, Singapore 117583.
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63
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Lo Giudice MC, Herda LM, Polo E, Dawson KA. In situ characterization of nanoparticle biomolecular interactions in complex biological media by flow cytometry. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13475. [PMID: 27845346 PMCID: PMC5116075 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles interacting with, or derived from, living organisms are almost invariably coated in a variety of biomolecules presented in complex biological milieu, which produce a bio-interface or 'biomolecular corona' conferring a biological identity to the particle. Biomolecules at the surface of the nanoparticle-biomolecule complex present molecular fragments that may be recognized by receptors of cells or biological barriers, potentially engaging with different biological pathways. Here we demonstrate that using intense fluorescent reporter binders, in this case antibodies bound to quantum dots, we can map out the availability of such recognition fragments, allowing for a rapid and meaningful biological characterization. The application in microfluidic flow, in small detection volumes, with appropriate thresholding of the detection allows the study of even complex nanoparticles in realistic biological milieu, with the emerging prospect of making direct connection to conditions of cell level and in vivo experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Lo Giudice
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Luciana M. Herda
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Ester Polo
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Kenneth A. Dawson
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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64
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Purohit R, Vallabani NVS, Shukla RK, Kumar A, Singh S. Effect of gold nanoparticle size and surface coating on human red blood cells. BIOINSPIRED BIOMIMETIC AND NANOBIOMATERIALS 2016. [DOI: 10.1680/jbibn.15.00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports the impact of bovine serum albumin (BSA) coating on gold (Au) nanoparticles (NPs) with sizes of 15, 30, 50 and 70 nm on cellular uptake and haemolysis of human red blood cells (RBCs). BSA coating on gold NPs imparts extra stability in high-glutathione-containing medium, which is a major prerequisite for NPs being developed for delivery applications. BSA coating on gold NPs was characterised by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, whereas cellular uptake was estimated by ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometry and flow cytometry. The cellular uptake results show that the internalisation of bare gold NPs is size dependent; however, upon BSA conjugation, uptake becomes independent of particle size. Cytocompatibility of bare and BSA-coated gold NPs was assessed by MTT assay, a common method to evaluate the biocompatibility of nanomaterials, and found non-toxic. However, when bare gold NPs were exposed to human RBCs, the NPs exerted significant haemolysis, which suggests that bare gold NPs which are considered as non-toxic to mammalian cells, can be harmful to RBCs. Interestingly, BSA-coated gold NPs showed significantly lower haemolysis at similar concentrations, suggesting that BSA-coated gold NPs could be of great importance in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Purohit
- Institute of Life Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Ahmedabad University, Ahmedabad, India
| | - NV Srikanth Vallabani
- Institute of Life Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Ahmedabad University, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Ritesh K. Shukla
- Institute of Life Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Ahmedabad University, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Ashutosh Kumar
- Institute of Life Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Ahmedabad University, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Sanjay Singh
- Institute of Life Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Ahmedabad University, Ahmedabad, India
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Tseng YJ, Chou SW, Shyue JJ, Lin SY, Hsiao JK, Chou PT. A Versatile Theranostic Delivery Platform Integrating Magnetic Resonance Imaging/Computed Tomography, pH/cis-Diol Controlled Release, and Targeted Therapy. ACS NANO 2016; 10:5809-22. [PMID: 27163375 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b08130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The functions of biomedical imaging, cancer targeting, and controlled release of therapeutic agents were integrated into a drug delivery platform to proof its diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities. This versatile nanocomposite is based on the strategic design of wormlike mesoporous silica nanocarriers that are decorated with extremely small iron oxide nanoparticles, having a prominent T1-weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) signal. The controlled release function was then achieved through the grafting of polyalcohol saccharide derivative ligands onto the surfaces of mesoporous silica nanoparticles to conjugate with boronic acid functionalized gold nanoparticles, which acted as the gate and the source of computed tomography (CT) signals. This versatile platform thus exhibited a MRI/CT dual imaging property drawing on the strong points to offset the weaknesses of each, rendering more accurate diagnosis. The capping of gold nanoparticles controlled with the hydrolysis of boronate ester bonds provides the reversible opening/closing process, avoiding further release of drug once the nanocomposite leaves the cell or tissue. To endow this platform with targeting ability, protocatechuic acid was utilized as a linker to connect folic acid with the boronic acid of the gold nanoparticles. The anchor of targeting moiety, folic acid, enriched this platform and enhanced the specific cellular uptake toward cells with folate receptor. This integrated drug delivery platform was then loaded with the antitumor agent doxorubicin, demonstrating its power for targeted delivery, bioimaging, and controlled release chemotherapy to reduce the undesired side effects of chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jui Tseng
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Wei Chou
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Jong Shyue
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Research Center for Applied Science, Academia Sinica , Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yao Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Jong-Kai Hsiao
- Department of Medical Imaging, Taipei TzuChi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzuchi Medical Foundation , Taipei 23142, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu-Chi University , Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Tai Chou
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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66
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Schöttler S, Landfester K, Mailänder V. Die Steuerung des Stealth-Effekts von Nanoträgern durch das Verständnis der Proteinkorona. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201602233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Schöttler
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Deutschland
- Hautklinik; Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität; Langenbeckstraße 1 55131 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Katharina Landfester
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Volker Mailänder
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Deutschland
- Hautklinik; Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität; Langenbeckstraße 1 55131 Mainz Deutschland
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67
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Schöttler S, Landfester K, Mailänder V. Controlling the Stealth Effect of Nanocarriers through Understanding the Protein Corona. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:8806-15. [PMID: 27303916 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201602233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The past decade has seen a significant increase in interest in the use of polymeric nanocarriers in medical applications. In particular, when used as drug vectors in targeted delivery, nanocarriers could overcome many obstacles for drug therapy. Nevertheless, their application is still impeded by the complex composition of the blood proteins covering the particle surface, termed the protein corona. The protein corona complicates any prediction of cell interactions, biodistribution, and toxicity. In particular, the unspecific uptake of nanocarriers is a major obstacle in clinical studies. This Minireview provides an overview of what we currently know about the characteristics of the protein corona of nanocarriers, with a focus on surface functionalization that reduces unspecific uptake (the stealth effect). The ongoing improvement of nanocarriers to allow them to meet all the requirements necessary for successful application, including targeted delivery and stealth, are further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Schöttler
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany.,Dermatology Clinic, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Katharina Landfester
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Volker Mailänder
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany.,Dermatology Clinic, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
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68
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Mirshafiee V, Kim R, Mahmoudi M, Kraft ML. The importance of selecting a proper biological milieu for protein corona analysis in vitro: Human plasma versus human serum. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 75:188-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2015.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 11/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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69
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Zanganeh S, Spitler R, Erfanzadeh M, Alkilany AM, Mahmoudi M. Protein corona: Opportunities and challenges. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 75:143-7. [PMID: 26783938 PMCID: PMC5233713 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In contact with biological fluids diverse type of biomolecules (e.g., proteins) adsorb onto nanoparticles forming protein corona. Surface properties of the coated nanoparticles, in terms of type and amount of associated proteins, dictate their interactions with biological systems and thus biological fate, therapeutic efficiency and toxicity. In this perspective, we will focus on the recent advances and pitfalls in the protein corona field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Zanganeh
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University, CA, USA
| | - Ryan Spitler
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University, CA, USA
| | - Mohsen Erfanzadeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Alaaldin M Alkilany
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology Faculty of Pharmacy, the University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Morteza Mahmoudi
- Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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70
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Saha K, Rahimi M, Yazdani M, Kim ST, Moyano DF, Hou S, Das R, Mout R, Rezaee F, Mahmoudi M, Rotello VM. Regulation of Macrophage Recognition through the Interplay of Nanoparticle Surface Functionality and Protein Corona. ACS NANO 2016; 10:4421-30. [PMID: 27040442 PMCID: PMC5696791 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Using a family of cationic gold nanoparticles (NPs) with similar size and charge, we demonstrate that proper surface engineering can control the nature and identity of protein corona in physiological serum conditions. The protein coronas were highly dependent on the hydrophobicity and arrangement of chemical motifs on NP surface. The NPs were uptaken in macrophages in a corona-dependent manner, predominantly through recognition of specific complement proteins in the NP corona. Taken together, this study shows that surface functionality can be used to tune the protein corona formed on NP surface, dictating the interaction of NPs with macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnendu Saha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Mehran Rahimi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
- Lehrstuhl für Biotechnologie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52074 Aachen
| | - Mahdieh Yazdani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Sung Tae Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Daniel F. Moyano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Singyuk Hou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Ridhha Das
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Rubul Mout
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Farhad Rezaee
- University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG) University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Morteza Mahmoudi
- Nanotechnology Research Center and Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, CA, USA
- Address correspondence to: (MM) ; (VMR)
| | - Vincent M. Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
- Address correspondence to: (MM) ; (VMR)
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71
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Zen F, Angione MD, Behan JA, Cullen RJ, Duff T, Vasconcelos JM, Scanlan EM, Colavita PE. Modulation of Protein Fouling and Interfacial Properties at Carbon Surfaces via Immobilization of Glycans Using Aryldiazonium Chemistry. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24840. [PMID: 27108562 PMCID: PMC4843010 DOI: 10.1038/srep24840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon materials and nanomaterials are of great interest for biological applications such as implantable devices and nanoparticle vectors, however, to realize their potential it is critical to control formation and composition of the protein corona in biological media. In this work, protein adsorption studies were carried out at carbon surfaces functionalized with aryldiazonium layers bearing mono- and di-saccharide glycosides. Surface IR reflectance absorption spectroscopy and quartz crystal microbalance were used to study adsorption of albumin, lysozyme and fibrinogen. Protein adsorption was found to decrease by 30–90% with respect to bare carbon surfaces; notably, enhanced rejection was observed in the case of the tested di-saccharide vs. simple mono-saccharides for near-physiological protein concentration values. ζ-potential measurements revealed that aryldiazonium chemistry results in the immobilization of phenylglycosides without a change in surface charge density, which is known to be important for protein adsorption. Multisolvent contact angle measurements were used to calculate surface free energy and acid-base polar components of bare and modified surfaces based on the van Oss-Chaudhury-Good model: results indicate that protein resistance in these phenylglycoside layers correlates positively with wetting behavior and Lewis basicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Zen
- School of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - M Daniela Angione
- School of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - James A Behan
- School of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Ronan J Cullen
- School of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Thomas Duff
- School of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Joana M Vasconcelos
- School of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Eoin M Scanlan
- School of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Paula E Colavita
- School of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
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72
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Patra A, Ding T, Engudar G, Wang Y, Dykas MM, Liedberg B, Kah JCY, Venkatesan T, Drum CL. Component-Specific Analysis of Plasma Protein Corona Formation on Gold Nanoparticles Using Multiplexed Surface Plasmon Resonance. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:1174-82. [PMID: 26455731 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201501603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2015] [Revised: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
At the nano-bio interface, human plasma differentially interacts with engineered nanomaterials through the creation of protein coronas, which in turn become primary determinants of both the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of circulating nanoparticles. Here, for the first time, the specific binding kinetics of the four major corona forming proteins (human serum albumin, fibrinogen, ApoA1, and polyclonal IgG) are determined for gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Using a multiplexed surface plasmonic assay, highly reproducible measurements of on rate (k(on)), off rate (k(off)), and disassociation constant (K(D)), in addition to relative amounts of protein binding, are obtained. Dramatic differences in k(on) for individual components are shown as primary determinants of protein affinities, with k(on) ranging over nearly two orders of magnitude for the proteins studied, while k(off) remains within a factor of two for the set. The effect of polyethylene glycol (PEG) modification on plasma component binding is also studied and the effect of PEG length on human serum interaction is characterized through systematic screening of PEG molecular weight (2-30k). The effect of nanoparticle modification on particle targeting is also characterized through study of a hybrid AuNP system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijeet Patra
- NUSNNI-NanoCore, National University of Singapore, 5A Engineering Drive 1, 11411, Singapore
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 28 Medical Drive, 117456, Singapore
| | - Tao Ding
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Cardiology, 1E Kent Ridge Road, 119228, Singapore
| | - Gokce Engudar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, 117575, Singapore
| | - Yi Wang
- Center for Biomimetic Sensor Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Michal Marcin Dykas
- NUSNNI-NanoCore, National University of Singapore, 5A Engineering Drive 1, 11411, Singapore
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 28 Medical Drive, 117456, Singapore
| | - Bo Liedberg
- Center for Biomimetic Sensor Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - James Chen Yong Kah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, 117575, Singapore
| | - Thirumalai Venkatesan
- NUSNNI-NanoCore, National University of Singapore, 5A Engineering Drive 1, 11411, Singapore
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 28 Medical Drive, 117456, Singapore
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 117581, Singapore
| | - Chester Lee Drum
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Cardiology, 1E Kent Ridge Road, 119228, Singapore
- Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos, Level 5, 138648, Singapore
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73
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Ho YT, Poinard B, Kah JCY. Nanoparticle drug delivery systems and their use in cardiac tissue therapy. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 11:693-714. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.16.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases make up one of the main causes of death today, with myocardial infarction and ischemic heart disease contributing a large share of the deaths reported. With mainstream clinical therapy focusing on palliative medicine following myocardial infarction, the structural changes that occur in the diseased heart will eventually lead to end-stage heart failure. Heart transplantation remains the only gold standard of cure but a shortage in donor organs pose a major problem that led to clinicians and researchers looking into alternative strategies for cardiac repair. This review will examine some alternative methods of treatment using chemokines and drugs carried by nanoparticles as drug delivering agents for the purposes of treating myocardial infarction through the promotion of revascularization. We will also provide an overview of existing studies involving such nanoparticulate drug delivery systems, their reported efficacy and the challenges facing their translation into ubiquitous clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Teck Ho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Block EA #07–25, Singapore 117575
- NUS Graduate School of Integrative Sciences & Engineering, National University of Singapore, 28 Medical Drive, Singapore 117456
| | - Barbara Poinard
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Block EA #07–25, Singapore 117575
- NUS Graduate School of Integrative Sciences & Engineering, National University of Singapore, 28 Medical Drive, Singapore 117456
| | - James Chen Yong Kah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Block EA #07–25, Singapore 117575
- NUS Graduate School of Integrative Sciences & Engineering, National University of Singapore, 28 Medical Drive, Singapore 117456
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74
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Lehman SE, Mudunkotuwa IA, Grassian VH, Larsen SC. Nano-Bio Interactions of Porous and Nonporous Silica Nanoparticles of Varied Surface Chemistry: A Structural, Kinetic, and Thermodynamic Study of Protein Adsorption from RPMI Culture Medium. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:731-42. [PMID: 26716353 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b03997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Understanding complex chemical changes that take place at nano-bio interfaces is of great concern for being able to sustainably implement nanomaterials in key applications such as drug delivery, imaging, and environmental remediation. Typical in vitro assays use cell viability as a proxy to understanding nanotoxicity but often neglect how the nanomaterial surface can be altered by adsorption of solution-phase components in the medium. Protein coronas form on the nanomaterial surface when incubated in proteinaceous solutions. Herein, we apply a broad array of techniques to characterize and quantify protein corona formation on silica nanoparticle surfaces. The porosity and surface chemistry of the silica nanoparticles have been systematically varied. Using spectroscopic tools such as FTIR and circular dichroism, structural changes and kinetic processes involved in protein adsorption were evaluated. Additionally, by implementing thermogravimetric analysis, quantitative protein adsorption measurements allowed for the direct comparison between samples. Taken together, these measurements enabled the extraction of useful chemical information on protein binding onto nanoparticles in solution. Overall, we demonstrate that small alkylamines can increase protein adsorption and that even large polymeric molecules such as poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) cannot prevent protein adsorption in these systems. The implications of these results as they relate to further understanding nano-bio interactions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean E Lehman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Imali A Mudunkotuwa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Vicki H Grassian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Sarah C Larsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
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75
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Belhout SA, Kim JY, Hinds DT, Owen NJ, Coulter JA, Quinn SJ. Multifunctional and robust composite materials comprising gold nanoparticles at a spherical polystyrene particle surface. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:14388-14391. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc07947d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The preparation of composite particles comprising gold nanoparticles (4.5–26 nm) assembled at a polystyrene (PS) surface with tunable loading is reported with wide ranging potentials from cellular studies to catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ji Yoon Kim
- School of Chemistry
- University College Dublin
- Dublin 4
- Ireland
| | - David T. Hinds
- School of Chemistry
- University College Dublin
- Dublin 4
- Ireland
| | | | | | - Susan J. Quinn
- School of Chemistry
- University College Dublin
- Dublin 4
- Ireland
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76
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Shukla SK, Shukla SK, Govender PP, Giri NG. Biodegradable polymeric nanostructures in therapeutic applications: opportunities and challenges. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra15764e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Biodegradable polymeric nanostructures (BPNs) have shown great promise in different therapeutic applications such as diagnosis, imaging, drug delivery, cosmetics, organ implants, and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. K. Shukla
- Department of Polymer Science
- Bhaskaracharya College of Applied Sciences
- University of Delhi
- Delhi-110075
- India
| | - Sudheesh K. Shukla
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- University of Johannesburg
- Johannesburg
- South Africa
| | - Penny P. Govender
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- University of Johannesburg
- Johannesburg
- South Africa
| | - N. G. Giri
- Department of Chemistry
- Shivaji College
- University of Delhi
- New Delhi-110027
- India
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77
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Nappini S, Fogli S, Castroflorio B, Bonini M, Baldelli Bombelli F, Baglioni P. Magnetic field responsive drug release from magnetoliposomes in biological fluids. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:716-725. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb02191j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The magnetically triggered drug release properties of magnetoliposomes are strongly affected by the presence of serum proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Nappini
- Department of Chemistry “U. Schiff” and CSGI
- Florence
- Italy
| | - Silvia Fogli
- Department of Chemistry “U. Schiff” and CSGI
- Florence
- Italy
| | | | - Massimo Bonini
- Department of Chemistry “U. Schiff” and CSGI
- Florence
- Italy
| | - Francesca Baldelli Bombelli
- Centro Europeo di Nanomedicina (CEN)
- c/o Department of Chemistry
- Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”
- Milano
- Italy
| | - Piero Baglioni
- Department of Chemistry “U. Schiff” and CSGI
- Florence
- Italy
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78
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Sanpui P, Paul A, Chattopadhyay A. Theranostic potential of gold nanoparticle-protein agglomerates. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:18411-18423. [PMID: 26508277 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr05805h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the ever-increasing applications, glittered with astonishing success of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) in biomedical research as diagnostic and therapeutic agents, the study of Au NP-protein interaction seems critical for maximizing their theranostic efficiency, and thus demands comprehensive understanding. The mutual interaction of Au NPs and proteins at physiological conditions may result in the aggregation of protein, which can ultimately lead to the formation of Au NP-protein agglomerates. In the present article, we try to appreciate the plausible steps involved in the Au NP-induced aggregation of proteins and also the importance of the proteins' three-dimensional structures in the process. The Au NP-protein agglomerates can potentially be exploited for efficient loading and subsequent release of various therapeutically important molecules, including anticancer drugs, with the unique opportunity of incorporating hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic drugs in the same nanocarrier system. Moreover, the Au NP-protein agglomerates can act as 'self-diagnostic' systems, allowing investigation of the conformational state of the associated protein(s) as well as the protein-protein or protein-Au NP interaction within the agglomerates. Furthermore, the potential of these Au NP-protein agglomerates as a novel platform for multifunctional theranostic application along with exciting future-possibilities is highlighted here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallab Sanpui
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India.
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79
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Pillai GJ, Greeshma MM, Menon D. Impact of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticle surface charge on protein, cellular and haematological interactions. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 136:1058-66. [PMID: 26590899 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.10.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The initial interactions of nanoparticles with biomolecules have a great influence on its toxicity, efficacy, biodistribution and clearance. The present work is an attempt to understand the impact of surface charge of polymeric nanoparticles on its plasma protein and cellular interactions. Negative, near-neutral and positively charged poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) [PLGA] nanoparticles were prepared using casein, poly(vinyl alcohol) and poly(ethylene imine) respectively, as surface stabilizers. A significant temporal variation in the hydrodynamic diameter of PLGA nanoparticles was observed in the presence of plasma proteins, which correlated with the amount of proteins adsorbed to each surface. Positively charged particles displayed the maximum size variation and protein adsorption. Cellular uptake of differentially charged nanoparticles was also concurrent with the quantity of adsorbed proteins, though there was no significant difference in their cytotoxicity. Haematological interactions (haemolysis and plasma coagulation times) of positively charged nanoparticles were considerably different from near-neutral and negative nanoparticles. Collectively, the results point to the interplay between plasma protein adsorption and cellular interactions of PLGA nanoparticles, which is governed by its surface charge, thereby necessitating a rational design of nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopikrishna J Pillai
- Amrita Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, 682041 Kerala, India
| | - M M Greeshma
- Amrita Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, 682041 Kerala, India
| | - Deepthy Menon
- Amrita Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, 682041 Kerala, India.
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80
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Shahabi S, Treccani L, Dringen R, Rezwan K. Utilizing the protein corona around silica nanoparticles for dual drug loading and release. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:16251-16265. [PMID: 26377025 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr04726a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A protein corona forms spontaneously around silica nanoparticles (SNPs) in serum-containing media. To test whether this protein corona can be utilized for the loading and release of anticancer drugs we incorporated the hydrophilic doxorubicin, the hydrophobic meloxicam as well as their combination in the corona around SNPs. The application of corona-covered SNPs to osteosarcoma cells revealed that drug-free particles did not affect the cell viability. In contrast, SNPs carrying a protein corona with doxorubicin or meloxicam lowered the cell proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, these particles had an even greater antiproliferative potential than the respective concentrations of free drugs. The best antiproliferative effects were observed for SNPs containing both doxorubicin and meloxicam in their corona. Co-localization studies revealed the presence of doxorubicin fluorescence in the nucleus and lysosomes of cells exposed to doxorubicin-containing coated SNPs, suggesting that endocytotic uptake of the SNPs facilitates the cellular accumulation of the drug. Our data demonstrate that the protein corona, which spontaneously forms around nanoparticles, can be efficiently exploited for loading the particles with multiple drugs for therapeutic purposes. As drugs are efficiently released from such particles they may have a great potential for nanomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakiba Shahabi
- Advanced Ceramics, University of Bremen, Am Biologischen Garten 2, 28359 Bremen, Germany.
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81
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Maiolo D, Del Pino P, Metrangolo P, Parak WJ, Baldelli Bombelli F. Nanomedicine delivery: does protein corona route to the target or off road? Nanomedicine (Lond) 2015; 10:3231-47. [PMID: 26470748 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.15.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanomedicine aims to find novel solutions for urgent biomedical needs. Despite this, one of the most challenging hurdles that nanomedicine faces is to successfully target therapeutic nanoparticles to cells of interest in vivo. As for any biomaterials, once in vivo, nanoparticles can interact with plasma biomolecules, forming new entities for which the name protein coronas (PCs) have been coined. The PC can influence the in vivo biological fate of a nanoparticle. Thus for guaranteeing the desired function of an engineered nanomaterial in vivo, it is crucial to dissect its PC in terms of formation and evolution within the body. In this contribution we will review the 'good' and 'bad' sides of the PC, starting from the scientific aspects to the technological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Maiolo
- Fondazione Centro Europeo Nanomedicina c/o Laboratory of Nanostructured Fluorinated Materials (NFMLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, & Chemical Engineering 'Giulio Natta', Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Pablo Del Pino
- CIC Biomagune, San Sebastian, Spain.,Fachbereich Physik, Philipps Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Pierangelo Metrangolo
- Fondazione Centro Europeo Nanomedicina c/o Laboratory of Nanostructured Fluorinated Materials (NFMLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, & Chemical Engineering 'Giulio Natta', Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy.,VTT-Technical Research Centre of Finland, FI-02044 VTT, Espoo, Finland
| | - Wolfgang J Parak
- CIC Biomagune, San Sebastian, Spain.,Fachbereich Physik, Philipps Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Francesca Baldelli Bombelli
- Fondazione Centro Europeo Nanomedicina c/o Laboratory of Nanostructured Fluorinated Materials (NFMLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, & Chemical Engineering 'Giulio Natta', Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
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82
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Mirshafiee V, Kim R, Park S, Mahmoudi M, Kraft ML. Impact of protein pre-coating on the protein corona composition and nanoparticle cellular uptake. Biomaterials 2015; 75:295-304. [PMID: 26513421 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) are functionalized with targeting ligands to enable selectively delivering drugs to desired locations in the body. When these functionalized NPs enter the blood stream, plasma proteins bind to their surfaces, forming a protein corona that affects NP uptake and targeting efficiency. To address this problem, new strategies for directing the formation of a protein corona that has targeting capabilities are emerging. Here, we have investigated the feasibility of directing corona composition to promote targeted NP uptake by specific types of cells. We used the well-characterized process of opsonin-induced phagocytosis by macrophages as a simplified model of corona-mediated NP uptake by a desired cell type. We demonstrate that pre-coating silica NPs with gamma-globulins (γ-globulins) produced a protein corona that was enriched with opsonins, such as immunoglobulins. Although immunoglobulins are ligands that bind to receptors on macrophages and elicit phagocytois, the opsonin-rich protein corona did not increase NP uptake by macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. Immunolabeling experiments indicated that the binding of opsonins to their target cell surface receptors was impeded by other proteins in the corona. Thus, corona-mediated NP targeting strategies must optimize both the recruitment of the desired plasma proteins as well as their accessibility and orientation in the corona layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Mirshafiee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Raehyun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Soyun Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Morteza Mahmoudi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Nanotechnology Research Center and Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mary L Kraft
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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83
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Ho YT, Poinard B, Yeo ELL, Kah JCY. An instantaneous colorimetric protein assay based on spontaneous formation of a protein corona on gold nanoparticles. Analyst 2015; 140:1026-36. [PMID: 25501998 DOI: 10.1039/c4an01819b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Commercial protein assays used ubiquitously in laboratories typically require long incubation times due to the inherently slow protein-reagent reactions. In this study, we report a novel facile technique for the instantaneous measurement of total protein concentration by exploiting the rapid aggregation dynamics of gold nanoparticles (NPs). By adsorbing different amounts of proteins on their surface to form a protein corona, these NPs can be sterically stabilized to different degrees by aggregation, thus exhibiting a spectrum of color change which can be quantitatively characterized by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. We evaluated this technique on four model proteins with different structures: bovine serum albumin (BSA), normal mouse immunoglobulin G (IgG), fibrinogen (FBG) and apolipoprotein A-I (Apo-A1) using two approaches, sequential and simultaneous. We obtained an approach-dependent linear concentration range up to 80 μg mL(-1) and 400 μg mL(-1) for sequential and simultaneous approaches, respectively. This linear working range was wider than that of the commercial Bradford assay and comparable to the Micro BCA assay. The simultaneous approach was also able to produce a linear working range of 200 to 1000 μg mL(-1) (R(2) = 0.995) in human urine, while the sequential approach was non-functional in urine. Similar to Micro BCA, the NP-based protein assay was able to elicit a linear response (R(2) > 0.87) for all four proteins with different structures. However, unlike Micro BCA which requires up to 120 min of incubation, we were able to obtain the read-out almost instantaneously without the need for incubation. The NP-based technique using the simultaneous approach can thus be exploited as a novel assay for instantaneous protein quantification to increase the productivity of laboratory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Teck Ho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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84
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Sánchez-Moreno P, Buzón P, Boulaiz H, Peula-García J, Ortega-Vinuesa J, Luque I, Salvati A, Marchal J. Balancing the effect of corona on therapeutic efficacy and macrophage uptake of lipid nanocapsules. Biomaterials 2015; 61:266-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Revised: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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85
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Zhao X, Lu D, Hao F, Liu R. Exploring the diameter and surface dependent conformational changes in carbon nanotube-protein corona and the related cytotoxicity. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2015; 292:98-107. [PMID: 25797928 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Revised: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we investigated and compared carbon nanotubes (CNTs) of different diameters regarding their interaction with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and their ability to alter protein structure. BSA was exposed to CNT solutions, and the effects were assessed by utilizing fluorescence spectroscopy, UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), bichinchoninic acid (BCA) and zeta-potential measurement assays. We demonstrate that CNT diameter and surface area play key roles in influencing the stability of adsorbed proteins. Results showed that the secondary and tertiary structural stability of BSA decreased upon adsorption onto CNTs, with greater decrease on smaller-diametered nanotubes. Besides, more protein was loaded onto CNTs with small diameter, reducing the cytotoxicity. This study, therefore, provides fundamental information for the influence of CNT diameter and surface on protein behavior, which may be helpful to understand toxic effects of CNTs and prove beneficial for developing novel biomedical devices and safe use of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingchen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China
| | - Dawei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China
| | - Fang Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China
| | - Rutao Liu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China-America CRC for Environment & Health, Jinan 250100, PR China.
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86
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Mariam J, Sivakami S, Dongre PM. Albumin corona on nanoparticles – a strategic approach in drug delivery. Drug Deliv 2015; 23:2668-2676. [DOI: 10.3109/10717544.2015.1048488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jessy Mariam
- Department of Biophysics, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, India
| | - S. Sivakami
- Department of Biophysics, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, India
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87
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García I, Henriksen-Lacey M, Sánchez-Iglesias A, Grzelczak M, Penadés S, Liz-Marzán LM. Residual CTAB Ligands as Mass Spectrometry Labels to Monitor Cellular Uptake of Au Nanorods. J Phys Chem Lett 2015; 6:2003-2008. [PMID: 26266492 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b00816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanorods have numerous applications in biomedical research, including diagnostics, bioimaging, and photothermal therapy. Even though surfactant removal and surface conjugation with antifouling molecules such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) are required to minimize nonspecific protein binding and cell uptake, the reliable characterization of these processes remains challenging. We propose here the use of laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) to study the ligand exchange efficiency of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)-coated nanorods with different PEG grafting densities and to characterize nanorod internalization in cells. Application of LDI-MS analysis shows that residual CTAB consistently remains adsorbed on PEG-capped Au nanorods. Interestingly, such residual CTAB can be exploited as a mass barcode to discern the presence of nanorods in complex fluids and in vitro cellular systems, even at very low concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel García
- †CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo de Miramón 182, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- ‡Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Paseo de Miramón 182, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | | | | | - Marek Grzelczak
- †CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo de Miramón 182, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- §Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Soledad Penadés
- †CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo de Miramón 182, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- ‡Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Paseo de Miramón 182, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Luis M Liz-Marzán
- †CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo de Miramón 182, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- ‡Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Paseo de Miramón 182, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- §Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
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88
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Khandelwal N, Doke DS, Khandare JJ, Jawale PV, Biradar AV, Giri AP. Bio-physical evaluation and in vivo delivery of plant proteinase inhibitor immobilized on silica nanospheres. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 130:84-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2015] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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89
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Kang B, Okwieka P, Schöttler S, Winzen S, Langhanki J, Mohr K, Opatz T, Mailänder V, Landfester K, Wurm FR. Kohlenhydrat-basierte Nanocarrier mit spezifischem Zell-Targeting und minimalem Einfluss durch die Proteinkorona. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201502398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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90
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Kang B, Okwieka P, Schöttler S, Winzen S, Langhanki J, Mohr K, Opatz T, Mailänder V, Landfester K, Wurm FR. Carbohydrate-Based Nanocarriers Exhibiting Specific Cell Targeting with Minimum Influence from the Protein Corona. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:7436-40. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201502398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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91
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Hamad-Schifferli K. Exploiting the novel properties of protein coronas: emerging applications in nanomedicine. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2015; 10:1663-74. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.15.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein coronas have been the focus of a great deal of study recently due to their inevitable formation and their impact on the biological consequences of nanomaterials. Although the field is still far from completely and definitively understanding protein coronas, we now have a good understanding of their behavior and their key characteristics. Protein corona composition changes with the environment and time, and also the physical properties of the underlying nanoparticle. More importantly, the protein corona has significant biological impact. Because we have a basic understanding of coronas, we can now move forward to exploiting their unique properties. Here, we discuss some emerging ways in which the protein corona is explicitly utilized for different applications in biology and medicine.
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92
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Ritz S, Schöttler S, Kotman N, Baier G, Musyanovych A, Kuharev J, Landfester K, Schild H, Jahn O, Tenzer S, Mailänder V. Protein corona of nanoparticles: distinct proteins regulate the cellular uptake. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:1311-21. [PMID: 25794196 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 440] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Understanding nanoparticle-protein interactions is a crucial issue in the development of targeted nanomaterial delivery. Besides unraveling the composition of the nanoparticle's protein coronas, distinct proteins thereof could control nanoparticle uptake into specific cell types. Here we differentially analyzed the protein corona composition on four polymeric differently functionalized nanoparticles by label-free quantitative mass spectrometry. Next, we correlated the relative abundance of identified proteins in the corona with enhanced or decreased cellular uptake of nanoparticles into human cancer and bone marrow stem cells to identify key candidates. Finally, we verified these candidate proteins by artificially decorating nanoparticles with individual proteins showing that nanoparticles precoated with the apolipoproteins ApoA4 or ApoC3 significantly decreased the cellular uptake, whereas precoating with ApoH increased the cellular uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Ritz
- †Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Susanne Schöttler
- †Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Niklas Kotman
- †Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Grit Baier
- †Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Anna Musyanovych
- †Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jörg Kuharev
- §Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center of Mainz, Langenbeckstr.1, 55101 Mainz, Germany
| | - Katharina Landfester
- †Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Hansjörg Schild
- §Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center of Mainz, Langenbeckstr.1, 55101 Mainz, Germany
| | - Olaf Jahn
- ∥Max Planck Institute for Experimental Medicine, Hermann-Rein-Str. 3, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Tenzer
- §Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center of Mainz, Langenbeckstr.1, 55101 Mainz, Germany
| | - Volker Mailänder
- †Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany.,⊥III. Medical Clinic, Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Medical Center of Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55101 Mainz, Germany
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93
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Maiolo D, Paolini L, Di Noto G, Zendrini A, Berti D, Bergese P, Ricotta D. Colorimetric nanoplasmonic assay to determine purity and titrate extracellular vesicles. Anal Chem 2015; 87:4168-76. [PMID: 25674701 DOI: 10.1021/ac504861d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) - cell secreted vesicles that carry rich molecular information of the parental cell and constitute an important mode of intercellular communication - are becoming a primary topic in translational medicine. EVs (that comprise exosomes and microvesicles/microparticles) have a size ranging from 40 nm to 1 μm and share several physicochemical proprieties, including size, density, surface charge, and light interaction, with other nano-objects present in body fluids, such as single and aggregated proteins. This makes separation, titration, and characterization of EVs challenging and time-consuming. Here we present a cost-effective and fast colorimetric assay for probing by eye protein contaminants and determine the concentration of EV preparations, which exploits the synergy between colloidal gold nanoplasmonics, nanoparticle-protein corona, and nanoparticle-membrane interaction. The assay hits a limit of detection of protein contaminants of 5 ng/μL and has a dynamic range of EV concentration ranging from 35 fM to 35 pM, which matches the typical range of EV concentration in body fluids. This work provides the first example of the exploitation of the nanoparticle-protein corona in analytical chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Maiolo
- †Chemistry for Technologies Laboratory and INSTM, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, via Branze 38, 25123 Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Lucia Paolini
- ‡Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Di Noto
- ‡Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Zendrini
- ‡Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Debora Berti
- §Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence Italy
| | - Paolo Bergese
- †Chemistry for Technologies Laboratory and INSTM, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, via Branze 38, 25123 Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Doris Ricotta
- ‡Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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94
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Winzen S, Schoettler S, Baier G, Rosenauer C, Mailaender V, Landfester K, Mohr K. Complementary analysis of the hard and soft protein corona: sample preparation critically effects corona composition. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:2992-3001. [PMID: 25599336 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr05982d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Here we demonstrate how a complementary analysis of nanocapsule-protein interactions with and without application media allows gaining insights into the so called hard and soft protein corona. We have investigated how both human plasma and individual proteins (human serum albumin (HSA), apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I)) adsorb and interact with hydroxyethyl starch (HES) nanocapsules possessing different functionalities. To analyse the hard protein corona we used sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and a protein quantitation assay. No significant differences were observed with regards to the hard protein corona. For analysis of the soft protein corona we characterized the nanocapsule-protein interaction with isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). DLS and ITC measurements revealed that a high amount of plasma proteins were adsorbed onto the capsules' surface. Although HSA was not detected in the hard protein corona, ITC measurements indicated the adsorption of an HSA amount similar to plasma with a low binding affinity and reaction heat. In contrast, only small amounts of ApoA-I protein adsorb to the capsules with high binding affinities. Through a comparison of these methods we have identified ApoA-I to be a component of the hard protein corona and HSA as a component of the soft corona. We demonstrate a pronounced difference in the protein corona observed depending on the type of characterization technique applied. As the biological identity of a particle is given by the protein corona it is crucial to use complementary characterization techniques to analyse different aspects of the protein corona.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Winzen
- Max Planck Institute of Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
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95
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Yeo ELL, Chua AJS, Parthasarathy K, Yeo HY, Ng ML, Kah JCY. Understanding aggregation-based assays: nature of protein corona and number of epitopes on antigen matters. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra12089b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we systematically examine how the nature of the protein corona on NPs, formed from either antibody or antigen, and how the number of binding sites or epitopes on the antigen affect aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Li Ling Yeo
- Nanomedicine & Nanorobotics Laboratory
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117575
| | - Anthony Jin Shun Chua
- Flavivirology Laboratory
- Department of Microbiology
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine
- National University Health System
- National University of Singapore
| | - Krupakar Parthasarathy
- Flavivirology Laboratory
- Department of Microbiology
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine
- National University Health System
- National University of Singapore
| | - Hui Yu Yeo
- Flavivirology Laboratory
- Department of Microbiology
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine
- National University Health System
- National University of Singapore
| | - Mah Lee Ng
- Flavivirology Laboratory
- Department of Microbiology
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine
- National University Health System
- National University of Singapore
| | - James Chen Yong Kah
- Nanomedicine & Nanorobotics Laboratory
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117575
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96
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Abstract
Intracellular delivery of functional proteins using nanoparticles can be a game-changing approach for cancer therapy. However, cytosolic release of functional protein is still a major challenge. In addition, formation of protein corona on the surface of the nanoparticles can also alter the behavior of the nanoparticles. Here, we will review recent strategies for protein delivery into the cell. Finally we will discuss the issue of protein corona formation in light of nanoparticle-protein interactions.
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97
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Maiolo D, Bergese P, Mahon E, Dawson KA, Monopoli MP. Surfactant Titration of Nanoparticle–Protein Corona. Anal Chem 2014; 86:12055-63. [DOI: 10.1021/ac5027176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Maiolo
- Centre
for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
and UCD Conway Institute for Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- Chemistry
for Technologies Laboratory, Consortium for Science and Technology
of Materials, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Branze, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- Experimental
Oncology and Immunology Section, Department of Molecular and Translational
Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa
11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Paolo Bergese
- Chemistry
for Technologies Laboratory, Consortium for Science and Technology
of Materials, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Branze, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Eugene Mahon
- Centre
for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
and UCD Conway Institute for Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Kenneth A. Dawson
- Centre
for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
and UCD Conway Institute for Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Marco P. Monopoli
- Centre
for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
and UCD Conway Institute for Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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98
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Brun E, Sicard-Roselli C. Could nanoparticle corona characterization help for biological consequence prediction? Cancer Nanotechnol 2014; 5:7. [PMID: 25309635 PMCID: PMC4181791 DOI: 10.1186/s12645-014-0007-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
As soon as they enter a biological medium (cell culture medium for in vitro, blood or plasma for in vivo studies), nanoparticles, in most cases, see their surface covered by biomolecules, especially proteins. What the cells see is thus not the ideal nanoparticle concocted by chemists, meaning the biomolecular corona could have great biological and physiological repercussions, sometimes masking the expected effects of purposely grafted molecules. In this review, we will mainly focus on gold nanoparticles. In the first part, we will discuss the fate of these particles once in a biological medium, especially in terms of size, and the protein composition of the corona. We will highlight the parameters influencing the quantity and the identity of the adsorbed proteins. In a second part, we will resume the main findings about the influence of a biomolecular corona on cellular uptake, toxicity, biodistribution and targeting ability. To be noticed is the need for standardized experiments and very precise reports of the protocols and methods used in the experimental sections to extract informative data. Given the biological consequences of this corona, we suggest that it should be taken into account in theoretical studies dealing with nanomaterials to better represent the biological environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Brun
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, CNRS UMR8000, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, Cedex France
| | - Cécile Sicard-Roselli
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, CNRS UMR8000, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, Cedex France
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99
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Singh AV, Batuwangala M, Mundra R, Mehta K, Patke S, Falletta E, Patil R, Gade WN. Biomineralized anisotropic gold microplate-macrophage interactions reveal frustrated phagocytosis-like phenomenon: a novel paclitaxel drug delivery vehicle. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:14679-14689. [PMID: 25046687 DOI: 10.1021/am504051b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This study reports a facile biomineralization route for gold microplates (GMPs) synthesis using bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a reductant and stabilizing agent. Adding BSA to HAuCl4 solution yields spontaneous versatile anisotropic and partially hollow GMPs upon aging. We hypothesize that the instantaneous protein denaturation at low pH enabled access to serine and threonine hydroxyl, and sulfhydryl groups of BSA, which act as a reductant and stabilizer, respectively. This reaction could be hastened by increasing the temperature well beyond 65 °C. Transmission electron microscopy/X-ray diffraction studies revealed highly crystalline and anisotropic structures (triangle, pentagon, and rectangle). Atomic force microscopy/scanning electron microscopy analyses demonstrated unique morphology of microplates with a partially void core and BSA mineralized edge structure. RAW 264.7 mice peritoneal macrophage-microplate interaction studies using live cell confocal imaging reveal that cells are capable of selectively internalizing smaller GMPs. Large GMPs are preferentially picked with sharp vertices but cannot be internalized and exhibit frustrated phagocytosis-like phenomenon. We explored particle phagocytosis as an actin mediated process that recruits phagosome-like acidic organelles, shown by a lysosensor probe technique. The biocompatible GMPs exhibited ∼70% paclitaxel (PCL) loading and sustained release of PCL, showing antitumor activity with the MCF-7 cell line, and could be a novel drug carrier for breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Vikram Singh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York 12180, United States
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100
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Laurent S, Saei AA, Behzadi S, Panahifar A, Mahmoudi M. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for delivery of therapeutic agents: opportunities and challenges. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2014; 11:1449-70. [PMID: 24870351 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2014.924501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 258] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bearing in mind that many promising drug candidates have the problem of reaching their target site, the concept of advanced drug delivery can play a significant complementary role in shaping modern medicine. Among other nanoscale drug carriers, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have shown great potential in nanomedicine. The intrinsic properties of SPIONs, such as inherent magnetism, broad safety margin and the availability of methods for fabrication and surface engineering, pave the way for diverse biomedical applications. SPIONs can achieve the highest drug targeting efficiency among carriers, since an external magnetic field locally applied to the target organ enhances the accumulation of magnetic nanoparticles in the drug site of action. Moreover, theranostic multifunctional SPIONs make simultaneous delivery and imaging possible. In spite of these favorable qualities, there are some toxicological concerns, such as oxidative stress, unpredictable cellular responses and induction of signaling pathways, alteration in gene expression profiles and potential disturbance in iron homeostasis, that need to be carefully considered. Besides, the protein corona at the surface of the SPIONs may induce few shortcomings such as reduction of SPIONs targeting efficacy. AREAS COVERED In this review, we will present recent developments of SPIONs as theranostic agents. The article will further address some barriers on drug delivery using SPIONs. EXPERT OPINION One of the major success determinants in targeted in vivo drug delivery using SPIONs is the adequacy of magnetic gradient. This can be partially achieved by using superconducting magnets, local implantation of magnets and application of magnetic stents. Other issues that must be considered include the pharmacokinetics and in vivo fate of SPIONs, their biodegradability, biocompatibility, potential side effects and the crucial impact of protein corona on either drug release profile or mistargeting. Surface modification of SPIONs can open up the possibility of drug delivery to intracellular organelles, drug delivery across the blood-brain barrier, modifying metabolic diseases and a variety of other multimodal and/or theranostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Laurent
- University of Mons, Avenue Maistriau, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of General, Organic, and Biomedical Chemistry , 19, B-7000 Mons , Belgium
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