51
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Kim MJ, Oh HJ, Hwang SY, Hur TY, Lee BC. Health and temperaments of cloned working dogs. J Vet Sci 2018; 19:585-591. [PMID: 29929355 PMCID: PMC6167335 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2018.19.5.585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dogs serve human society in various ways by working at tasks that are based on their superior olfactory sensitivity. However, it has been reported that only about half of all trained dogs may qualify as working dogs through conventional breeding management because proper temperament and health are needed in addition to their innate scent detection ability. To overcome this low efficiency of breeding qualified working dogs, and to reduce the enormous costs of maintaining unqualified dogs, somatic cell nuclear transfer has been applied in the propagation of working dogs. Herein, we review the history of cloning working dogs and evaluate the health development, temperaments, and behavioral similarities among the cloned dogs. We also discuss concerns about dog cloning including those related to birth defects, lifespan, and cloning efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jung Kim
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Oh
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Sun Young Hwang
- Haemaru Referral Animal Hospital and Small Animal Clinical Research Institute, Seongnam 13590, Korea
| | - Tai Young Hur
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54875, Korea
| | - Byeong Chun Lee
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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52
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Effect of EDTA on canine parthenote development during in vitro culture. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL REPRODUCTION AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.12750/jet.2018.33.3.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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53
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Lee SH, Oh HJ, Kim MJ, Setyawan EMN, Lee BC. Interaction of the EGFR signaling pathway with porcine cumulus oocyte complexes and oviduct cells in a coculture system. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:4030-4043. [PMID: 30252133 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
It has become increasingly recognized that coculture has a beneficial effect on the in vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes and embryo development in many species. However, these effects of coculture on IVM have been documented only for their positive conditioning roles without any evidence on the precise mechanisms underlying the action of coculture systems on the development of cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs). It has been suggested that the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway is important for development of COCs, mediated by several epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like proteins with downstream mitogen-activated protein kinase 1/3 signaling. Therefore, we hypothesized that canine oviduct cells (OCs) in a coculture system, which shows improvement of oocyte quality in several species, are associated with EGFR signaling by exposure to progesterone (P4; imitating its production before ovulation and its continuous increase while oocytes reside in the oviduct to complete maturation in dogs). We designed three experimental groups: control, OCs coculture exposed to P4, and OCs coculture without exposure to P4. The result showed that the OCs coculture exposed to P4 strongly expressed EGF-like proteins and significantly improved COCs and subsequent embryo development. Furthermore, the expression of EGFR-related genes in cumulus cells and GDF9 and BMP15 in oocytes was upregulated in the P4-treated group. This study provides the first evidence that OCs exposed to P4 can induce strong expression of EGF-like proteins, and OCs effectively mediate improved porcine COCs development and subsequent embryo development by altering EGFR signaling related mRNA expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok Hee Lee
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Oh
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Erif Maha Nugraha Setyawan
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Chun Lee
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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54
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Abstract
Successful cloning of monkeys, the first non-human primate species, by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) attracted worldwide attention earlier this year. Remarkably, it has taken more than 20 years since the cloning of Dolly the sheep in 1997 to achieve this feat. This success was largely due to recent understanding of epigenetic barriers that impede SCNT-mediated reprogramming and the establishment of key methods to overcome these barriers, which also allowed efficient derivation of human pluripotent stem cells for cell therapy. Here, we summarize recent advances in SCNT technology and its potential applications for both reproductive and therapeutic cloning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Matoba
- RIKEN Bioresource Research Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan; Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.
| | - Yi Zhang
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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55
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Han C, Deng R, Mao T, Luo Y, Wei B, Meng P, Zhao L, Zhang Q, Quan F, Liu J, Zhang Y. Overexpression of Tet3 in donor cells enhances goat somatic cell nuclear transfer efficiency. FEBS J 2018; 285:2708-2723. [PMID: 29791079 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ten-eleven translocation 3 (TET3) mediates active DNA demethylation of paternal genomes during mouse embryonic development. However, the mechanism of DNA demethylation in goat embryos remains unknown. In addition, aberrant DNA methylation reprogramming prevalently occurs in embryos cloned by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). In this study, we reported that TET3 is a key factor in DNA demethylation in goat pre-implantation embryos. Knockdown of Tet3 hindered DNA demethylation at the two- to four-cell stage in goat embryos and decreased Nanog expression in blastocysts. Overexpression of Tet3 in somatic cells can initiate DNA demethylation, reduce 5-methylcytosine level, increase 5-hydroxymethylcytosine level and promote the expression of key pluripotency genes. After SCNT, overexpression of Tet3 in donor cells corrected abnormal DNA hypermethylation of cloned embryos and significantly enhanced in vitro and in vivo developmental rate (P < 0.05). We conclude that overexpression of Tet3 in donor cells significantly improves goat SCNT efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengquan Han
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Ruizhi Deng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Tingchao Mao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Biao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Peng Meng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Fusheng Quan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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56
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Kim MJ, Oh HJ, Choi YB, Lee S, Setyawan EMN, Lee SH, Lee SH, Hur TY, Lee BC. Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid during in vitro culture improves development of dog-pig interspecies cloned embryos but not dog cloned embryos. J Reprod Dev 2018; 64:277-282. [PMID: 29695650 PMCID: PMC6021613 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2017-112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate whether the treatment of dog to pig interspecies somatic cell nuclear transfer (iSCNT) embryos with a histone deacetylase inhibitor, to improve nuclear reprogramming, can be applied to dog SCNT embryos. The dog to pig iSCNT embryos were cultured in fresh porcine zygote medium-5 (PZM-5) with 0, 1, or 10 µM suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) for 6 h, then transferred to PZM-5 without SAHA. Although there were no significant differences in cleavage rates, the rates of 5-8-cell stage embryo development were significantly higher in the 10 µM group (19.5 ± 0.8%) compared to the 0 µM groups (13.4 ± 0.8%). Acetylation of H3K9 was also significantly higher in embryos beyond the 4-cell stage in the 10 µM group compared to the 0 or 1 µM groups. Treatment with 10 µM SAHA for 6 h was chosen for application to dog SCNT. Dog cloned embryos with 0 or 10 µM SAHA were transferred to recipients. However, there were no significant differences in pregnancy and delivery rates between the two groups. Therefore, it can be concluded that although porcine oocytes support nuclear reprogramming of dog fibroblasts, treatment with a histone deacetylase inhibitor that supports nuclear reprogramming in dog to pig iSCNT embryos was not sufficient for reprogramming in dog SCNT embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jung Kim
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Oh
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Bin Choi
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghoon Lee
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Erif Maha Nugraha Setyawan
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Hee Lee
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hoon Lee
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeollabuk-do 54875, Republic of Korea
| | - Tai Young Hur
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeollabuk-do 54875, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Chun Lee
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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57
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Liu Z, Cai Y, Wang Y, Nie Y, Zhang C, Xu Y, Zhang X, Lu Y, Wang Z, Poo M, Sun Q. Cloning of Macaque Monkeys by Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer. Cell 2018; 172:881-887.e7. [PMID: 29395327 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Generation of genetically uniform non-human primates may help to establish animal models for primate biology and biomedical research. In this study, we have successfully cloned cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). We found that injection of H3K9me3 demethylase Kdm4d mRNA and treatment with histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A at one-cell stage following SCNT greatly improved blastocyst development and pregnancy rate of transplanted SCNT embryos in surrogate monkeys. For SCNT using fetal monkey fibroblasts, 6 pregnancies were confirmed in 21 surrogates and yielded 2 healthy babies. For SCNT using adult monkey cumulus cells, 22 pregnancies were confirmed in 42 surrogates and yielded 2 babies that were short-lived. In both cases, genetic analyses confirmed that the nuclear DNA and mitochondria DNA of the monkey offspring originated from the nucleus donor cell and the oocyte donor monkey, respectively. Thus, cloning macaque monkeys by SCNT is feasible using fetal fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yijun Cai
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanhong Nie
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenchen Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuting Xu
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaotong Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Lu
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhanyang Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Muming Poo
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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58
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Hu H, Tao B, Chen J, Zhu Z, Hu W. Fam60al as a novel factor involved in reprogramming of somatic cell nuclear transfer in zebrafish ( Danio rerio). Int J Biol Sci 2018; 14:78-86. [PMID: 29483827 PMCID: PMC5821051 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.22426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The main reason for abnormal development of cloned animals or embryos, and inefficient animal cloning, is a poor understanding of the reprogramming mechanism. To better comprehend reprogramming and subsequent generation of pluripotent stem cells, we must investigate factors related to reprogramming of somatic cells as nuclear donors. As we know, fam60al (family with sequence similarity 60, member A, like) is a coding gene only found in zebrafish and frog (Xenopus laevis) among vertebrates. However, until now, its functions have remained unknown. Here, we generated a zebrafish fam60al-/- mutant line using transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), and found that both nanog and klf4b expression significantly decreased while myca expression significantly increased in fam60al-/- mutant embryos. Concurrently, we also uncovered that in developmentally arrested embryos of somatic cell nuclear transfer, nanog, klf4b and myca expression was down-regulated, accompanying a decrease of fam60al expression. Interestingly, we identified a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) of fam60al, named fam60al-AS, which negatively regulated fam60al by forming double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). RNase protection assay and real-time PCR confirmed these findings. Taken together, these results suggest that fam60al is a novel factor related to the reprogramming of somatic cell nuclear transfer in zebrafish, which is regulated by its reverse lncRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongling Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Binbin Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ji Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zuoyan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Wei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.,Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
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59
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C-Phycocyanin supplementation during in vitro maturation enhances pre-implantation developmental competence of parthenogenetic and cloned embryos in pigs. Theriogenology 2018; 106:69-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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60
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Abstract
In recent research, personality consistency has become an important characteristic. Diverse traits and human-animal interactions, in particular, are studied in the field of personality consistency in dogs. Here, we investigated the consistency of dominant behaviours in cloned and control groups followed by the modified Puppy Aptitude Test, which consists of ten subtests to ascertain the influence of genetic identity. In this test, puppies are exposed to stranger, restraint, prey-like object, noise, startling object, etc. Six cloned and four control puppies participated and the consistency of responses at ages 7–10 and 16 weeks in the two groups was compared. The two groups showed different consistencies in the subtests. While the average scores of the cloned group were consistent (P = 0.7991), those of the control group were not (P = 0.0089). Scores of Pack Drive and Fight or Flight Drive were consistent in the cloned group, however, those of the control group were not. Scores of Prey Drive were not consistent in either the cloned or the control group. Therefore, it is suggested that consistency of dominant behaviour is affected by genetic identity and some behaviours can be influenced more than others. Our results suggest that cloned dogs could show more consistent traits than non-cloned. This study implies that personality consistency could be one of the ways to analyse traits of puppies.
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61
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Zhao M, Lee S, Kim DH, No J, Nam Y, Ock SA, Ko YG, Hur TY. Dog cloning with in vivo matured oocytes obtaining using serum estradiol levels for predicting time of ovulation. Theriogenology 2017; 107:109-114. [PMID: 29145064 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Dog cloning using in vivo-matured oocytes has been carried out for a decade. To obtain mature oocytes, serum progesterone (P4) levels are used to evaluate ovulation. However, the accuracy of these methods is not sufficient. Thus, the aim of the present study was to verify the feasibility of serum estradiol (E2) on canine ovulation determination as assessed by the percentage of dogs yielding mature oocytes. In vivo-matured oocytes were utilized for canine somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), and serum P4 and E2 levels were assessed to determine ovulation and oocyte maturation. Canine serum P4 and E2 concentrations during both pro-estrus and estrus were analyzed by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. The percentage of dogs yielding mature oocytes using each of the two ovulation prediction methods were compared, and correlations between the percentage of each method and temperature were analyzed. Following evaluation, oocytes were collected surgically, and a significantly higher percentage (P < 0.05) of dogs yielding mature oocytes was observed using E2 (56.43%) for ovulation detection as compared with that using P4 (39.60%). The percentage of dogs yielding mature oocytes using P4 significantly lower (P < 0.05) than E2 in autumn (P4, 37.50% vs. E2, 52.00%) and winter (P4, 29.17% vs. E2, 59.09%). Using E2, the percentage was maintained at about 52.00-66.67% regardless of the season and temperature. Correlation analysis showed that the dynamic of percentage of dogs yielding mature oocyte using P4 was highly correlated with environmental temperature (RP4 = 0.862), whereas E2 was not affected by temperature (RE2 = 0.199). To determine whether serum E2 could be used for ovulation prediction for canine cloning, ovulation of 25 and 19 dogs (P < 0.05) were predicted using P4 or E2 methods, respectively and two puppies, one from each ovulation prediction method, were obtained after SCNT and embryo transfer. Thus, compared with the P4 method, E2 was an accurate and reliable method for canine cloning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Zhao
- National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghoon Lee
- National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hoon Kim
- National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jingu No
- National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonseok Nam
- National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun A Ock
- National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeoung-Gyu Ko
- National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Tai-Young Hur
- National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea.
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62
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Cordova A, King WA, Mastromonaco GF. Choosing a culture medium for SCNT and iSCNT reconstructed embryos: from domestic to wildlife species. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2017; 59:24. [PMID: 29152322 PMCID: PMC5680814 DOI: 10.1186/s40781-017-0149-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decades, in vitro culture media have been developed to successfully support IVF embryo growth in a variety of species. Advanced reproductive technologies, such as somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), challenge us with a new type of embryo, with special nutritional requirements and altered physiology under in vitro conditions. Numerous studies have successfully reconstructed cloned embryos of domestic animals for biomedical research and livestock production. However, studies evaluating suitable culture conditions for SCNT embryos in wildlife species are scarce (for both intra- and interspecies SCNT). Most of the existing studies derive from previous IVF work done in conventional domestic species. Extrapolation to non-domestic species presents significant challenges since we lack information on reproductive processes and embryo development in most wildlife species. Given the challenges in adapting culture media and conditions from IVF to SCNT embryos, developmental competence of SCNT embryos remains low. This review summarizes research efforts to tailor culture media to SCNT embryos and explore the different outcomes in diverse species. It will also consider how these culture media protocols have been extrapolated to wildlife species, most particularly using SCNT as a cutting-edge technical resource to assist in the preservation of endangered species.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cordova
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario Canada.,Reproductive Physiology, Toronto Zoo, Scarborough, Ontario Canada
| | - W A King
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario Canada
| | - G F Mastromonaco
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario Canada.,Reproductive Physiology, Toronto Zoo, Scarborough, Ontario Canada
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63
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Kim MJ, Oh HJ, Kim GA, Setyawan EMN, Choi YB, Lee SH, Petersen-Jones SM, Ko CJ, Lee BC. Birth of clones of the world's first cloned dog. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15235. [PMID: 29127382 PMCID: PMC5681657 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15328-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal cloning has gained popularity as a method to produce genetically identical animals or superior animals for research or industrial uses. However, the long-standing question of whether a cloned animal undergoes an accelerated aging process is yet to be answered. As a step towards answering this question, we compared longevity and health of Snuppy, the world’s first cloned dog, and its somatic cell donor, Tai, a male Afghan hound. Briefly, both Snuppy and Tai were generally healthy until both developed cancer to which they succumbed at the ages of 10 and 12 years, respectively. The longevity of both the donor and the cloned dog was close to the median lifespan of Afghan hounds which is reported to be 11.9 years. Here, we report creation of 4 clones using adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells from Snuppy as donor cells. Clinical and molecular follow-up of these reclones over their lives will provide us with a unique opportunity to study the health and longevity of cloned animals compared with their cell donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jung Kim
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Oh
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Geon A Kim
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Erif Maha Nugraha Setyawan
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Bin Choi
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Hee Lee
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Simon M Petersen-Jones
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, 736 Wilson Road D-208, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - CheMyong J Ko
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 3806 VMBSB, MC-002, 2001 South Lincoln Avenue, Urbana, Illinois, 61802, USA
| | - Byeong Chun Lee
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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64
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Eun K, Hwang SU, Jeong YW, Seo S, Lee SY, Hwang WS, Hyun SH, Kim H. SV40 Large T Antigen Disrupts Embryogenesis of Canine and Porcine Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer Embryo. Biol Proced Online 2017; 19:13. [PMID: 29075153 PMCID: PMC5648454 DOI: 10.1186/s12575-017-0061-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is a useful biotechnological tool for transgenic animal production using genetically modified somatic cells (GMSCs). However, there are several limitations preventing successful transgenic animal generation by SCNT, such as obtaining proper somatic donor cells with a sufficiently long life span and proliferative capacity for generating GMSCs. Here, we established simian virus 40 large T antigen (SV40LT)-mediated lifespan-extended canine fibroblast cells (SV40LT-K9 cells) and evaluated their potential as nuclei donors for SCNT, based on cellular integrity and SCNT embryo development. Results SV40LT did not cause canine cell transformation, based on cell morphology and proliferation rate. No anchorage-independent growth in vitro and tumorigenicity in vivo were observed. After SCNT with SV40LT-K9 cells, embryos were transferred into surrogate dogs. All dogs failed to become pregnant. Most embryos did not proceed past the 8-cell stage and only one surrogate showed an implantation trace in its oviduct, indicating that the cells rarely developed into blastocysts. Because of the absence of an in vitro maturation method for canine embryos, we performed identical experiments using porcine fibroblast cells. Similarly, SV40LT did not transform porcine fibroblast cells (SV40LT-Pig cells). During in vitro development of SV40LT-Pig cell-driven SCNT embryos, their blastocyst formation rate was clearly lower than those of normal cells. Karyotyping analysis revealed that both SV40LT-K9 and SV40LT-Pig cells had aberrant chromosomal statuses. Conclusions Although lifespan-extended canine and porcine cells via SV40LT exhibit no apparent transforming changes, they are inappropriate for use as nuclei donors for SCNT because of their aneuploidy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoung Eun
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841 Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Ung Hwang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Chungbuk National University, 52 Naesudong-ro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju, 28644 Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Woo Jeong
- Sooam Biotech Research Foundation, San 43-41 Oryu-dong, Guro-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunyoung Seo
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841 Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Yong Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841 Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Suk Hwang
- Sooam Biotech Research Foundation, San 43-41 Oryu-dong, Guro-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hwan Hyun
- Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Chungbuk National University, 52 Naesudong-ro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju, 28644 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunggee Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841 Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Engineering, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Source, treatment and type of nuclear donor cells influences in vitro and in vivo development of embryos cloned by somatic cell nuclear transfer in camel (Camelus dromedarius). Theriogenology 2017; 106:186-191. [PMID: 29078197 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of source, treatment and type of nuclear donor cells on embryonic and fetal development of somatic cell nuclear-transfer reconstructs in dromedary camel. In experiment 1, actively growing, serum starved or confluent skin fibroblast cells were used as nuclear donors. In experiment 2, skin fibroblasts from 4 different animals while in experiment 3, skin fibroblasts and cumulus cells from the same animal were used as nuclear donors. In all the three experiments, mature oocytes collected by transvaginal ovum pick up were used as recipient cytoplasts. All the blastocysts obtained were transferred to synchronized recipients on Day 5-6 after ovulation. In experiment 1, pregnancies were achieved from the embryos reconstructed with all the groups of cells, however, only 1 full term calf was delivered from the embryos reconstructed with serum-starved cells. In experiment 2, significant differences were observed in embryo development and establishment of pregnancies among the donor cell lines from different animals. Five cloned calves were delivered from the embryos reconstructed with skin fibroblast cells of 3 animals, while the sole pregnancy from fourth animal aborted on Day 224 of gestation. Three full term calves were delivered from pregnancies achieved by the embryos reconstructed with cumulus cells in experiment 3, while a single pregnancy achieved from skin fibroblast cells was lost on Day 296 of gestation. In conclusion, we observed that cell donor, cell type and their treatment affect the outcome of cloning by somatic cell nuclear transfer in camels.
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66
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Lee SH, Oh HJ, Kim MJ, Kim GA, Choi YB, Jo YK, Setyawan EMN, Lee BC. Effect of co-culture canine cumulus and oviduct cells with porcine oocytes during maturation and subsequent embryo development of parthenotes in vitro. Theriogenology 2017; 106:108-116. [PMID: 29049922 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In the estrus stage, canine oocytes are surrounded by cumulus cells and undergo maturation in the oviduct for 2-3 days after ovulation. We hypothesized that canine oviduct cells (cOC) and canine cumulus cells (cCC) during this stage might affect the maturation of oocytes and thereby improve subsequent embryo development. Therefore, the objective of this study was to compare the effects of a cOC and cCC co-culture on oocyte in vitro maturation (IVM) and subsequent embryo development, and to analyze the gene expressions in a molecular fashion what co-culture actually gives the specific pathways in which the co-culture cells act to improve maturation and embryo development. The effect of co-culture using cOC and cCC on porcine oocyte IVM was investigated. Thereafter, oocytes were activated using electrical stimulation and embryo developmental competence was estimated. The expression of the genes related to oocyte maturation, embryo development and apoptosis were analyzed. Also, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels after IVM was analyzed. The IVM rate and embryo development including cleavage, blastocyst formation rates, and total blastocyst cell numbers from cOC group were significantly higher than other groups (P < 0.05). The expression of SMAD2/3 and growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) was significantly increased in cOC and oocytes from the cOC group compared with other groups. Moreover, the levels of GDF9, prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), WNT3A and matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) were significantly up-regulated in blastocysts from the cOC group. The concentration of ROS was significantly lower in the supernatant of cOC groups compared with other groups. Also, the expression of BCL2 was significantly increased in porcine cumulus cells and oocytes from cOC group. The present study demonstrated that co-culture with cOC improved in vitro porcine oocyte maturation and subsequent embryo development competence. Also, co-culture with cOC during IVM induces a suitable environment for oocyte maturation by enhancing the mRNA level of SMAD2/3 and GDF9, and for embryo development by elevating the expression level of PTGS2, WNT3A and MMP2. In addition, the decreased ROS level in cOC co-culture could have a beneficial influence on oocyte maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok Hee Lee
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Oh
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Geon A Kim
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Bin Choi
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Kwang Jo
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Erif Maha Nugraha Setyawan
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Chun Lee
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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67
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No J, Zhao M, Lee S, Ock SA, Nam Y, Hur TY. Enhanced in vitro maturation of canine oocytes by oviduct epithelial cell co-culture. Theriogenology 2017; 105:66-74. [PMID: 28923708 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Canine-assisted reproductive techniques have been successful for several years; however, the lack of an oocyte in vitro maturation system has limited their application. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of canine oviduct epithelial cells (cOECs) on canine oocyte maturation in vitro. Specifically, the method used for isolation of cOECs did not affect the expression of epithelial markers, E-cadherin and cytokeratin, on fresh, cultured and cryopreserved cells. Moreover, BrdU analysis showed that cOECs cultured in Medium 171 supplemented with mammary epithelial growth supplement were more proliferative than counterparts in advanced Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium or Medium 199. Maturation rate of canine oocytes collected from bitches at diestrus was significantly increased when oocytes were co-cultured with either fresh, cultured or frozen/thawed cOECs (13.23 ± 1.15%, 10.38 ± 4.89%, or 10.54 ± 2.96%, respectively) than that of control oocytes cultured without cOECs (2.48 ± 2.16%, p < 0.05). Additionally, the number of oocytes collected from bitches at estrus the reached metaphase II was increased ∼4 fold in co-culture with fresh, cultured, or frozen/thawed cOECs (47.2 ± 3.82%, 45.4 ± 7.34%, and 46.9 ± 1.51%, respectively) as compared with oocytes cultured without cOECs (11.9 ± 3.18%, p < 0.05). Nuclear maturation was further confirmed by assessing the formation of normal metaphase-II spindles, whereas cytoplasmic maturation was confirmed by inducing parthenogenetic oocyte activation. Embryonic development to the 8-cell stage was similar between in vivo and in vitro matured oocytes. These results suggested that co-culturing immature canine oocytes with cOECs facilitated canine oocyte maturation and early stages of embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingu No
- National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Jeonbuk 55365, Republic of Korea; Department of Biological Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, South Korea
| | - Minghui Zhao
- National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Jeonbuk 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghoon Lee
- National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Jeonbuk 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun A Ock
- National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Jeonbuk 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonseok Nam
- National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Jeonbuk 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Tai-Young Hur
- National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Jeonbuk 55365, Republic of Korea.
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Kawarasaki T, Enya S, Otake M, Shibata M, Mikawa S. Reproductive performance and expression of imprinted genes in somatic cell cloned boars. Anim Sci J 2017; 88:1801-1810. [PMID: 28568977 DOI: 10.1111/asj.12838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
To assess the performance of boars derived by somatic cell cloning, we analyzed various aspects of their reproductive characteristics and the expression of two imprinted genes. Cloned boars (cloned Duroc × Jinhua) were analyzed for birth weight, growth rate, age at first ejaculation, semen characteristics and fertility, in comparison with naturally bred control boars of the same strain. The expression of imprinted genes was analyzed using the microsatellite marker SWC9 for the paternally expressed gene insulin-like growth factor -2 (IGF2) and with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for the gene maternally expressed 3 (MEG3). The cloned boars had high production of semen and were nearly equal in level of fertility to conventional pigs; they showed similar characteristics as naturally bred boars of the same strains. The expression of IGF2 was partially disturbed, but this disturbed expression was not linked to a change in developmental fate or reproductive performance. These results indicate that use of cloned boars could be highly effective for proliferation of pigs with desirable characteristics, preservation of genetic resources and risk reduction against epidemic diseases, such as foot-and-mouth disease, through storage of somatic cells as a precautionary measure for use in regenerating pig populations after a future pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuo Kawarasaki
- Swine and Poultry Department, Shizuoka Prefectural Research Institute of Animal Industry, Swine and Poultry Research Center, Kikugawa, Shizuoka, Japan.,School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Satoko Enya
- Swine and Poultry Department, Shizuoka Prefectural Research Institute of Animal Industry, Swine and Poultry Research Center, Kikugawa, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Otake
- Swine and Poultry Department, Shizuoka Prefectural Research Institute of Animal Industry, Swine and Poultry Research Center, Kikugawa, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Shibata
- Swine and Poultry Department, Shizuoka Prefectural Research Institute of Animal Industry, Swine and Poultry Research Center, Kikugawa, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Mikawa
- Animal Genome Unit, Division of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, Institute of Livestock and Glassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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69
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Lee JH, Kim GA, Kim RS, Lee JS, Oh HJ, Kim MJ, Hong DK, Lee BC. Reproductive ability of a cloned male detector dog and behavioral traits of its offspring. J Vet Sci 2017; 17:407-11. [PMID: 26435541 PMCID: PMC5037310 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2016.17.3.407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Revised: 06/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2007, seven detector dogs were produced by somatic cell nuclear transfer using one nuclear donor dog, then trained and certified as excellent detector dogs, similar to their donor. In 2011, we crossed a cloned male and normal female by natural breeding and produced ten offspring. In this study, we investigated the puppies' temperaments, which we later compared with those of the cloned parent male. The results show that the cloned male had normal reproductive abilities and produced healthy offspring. All puppies completed narcotic detector dog training with a success rate for selection of 60%. Although the litter of cloned males was small in this study, a cloned male dog bred by natural mating produced puppies that later successfully completed the training course for drug detection. In conclusion, cloning an elite dog with superior genetic factors and breeding of the cloned dog was found to be a useful method to efficiently procure detector dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyun Lee
- Customs Detector Dog Training Center, Customs Border Control Training Center, Korea Customs Service, Incheon 22356, Korea
| | - Geon A Kim
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Rak Seung Kim
- Customs Detector Dog Training Center, Customs Border Control Training Center, Korea Customs Service, Incheon 22356, Korea
| | - Jong Su Lee
- Customs Detector Dog Training Center, Customs Border Control Training Center, Korea Customs Service, Incheon 22356, Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Oh
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Do Kyo Hong
- Customs Detector Dog Training Center, Customs Border Control Training Center, Korea Customs Service, Incheon 22356, Korea
| | - Byeong Chun Lee
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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70
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Cho SJ, Lee KL, Kim YG, Kim DH, Yoo JG, Yang BC, Park JK, Kong IK. Differential gene-expression profiles from canine cumulus cells of ovulated versus in vitro-matured oocytes. Reprod Fertil Dev 2017; 28:278-85. [PMID: 25004936 DOI: 10.1071/rd14086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We compared the nuclear maturation status and gene-expression profiles of canine cumulus cells (CCs) derived from cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) that were spontaneously ovulated versus those that were matured in vitro. Cumulus-oocyte complexes were retrieved from uteri by surgical flushing (after spontaneous ovulation) or by ovariectomy follicle aspiration and in vitro maturation. The objective of Experiment 1 was to investigate the nuclear maturation status of in vivo- versus in vitro-matured oocytes. The objective of Experiment 2 was to compare gene-expression profiles of CCs derived from in vivo- versus in vitro-matured COCs. Genes analysed are related to cell maturation, development and apoptosis, including GDF9, MAPK1, PTX3, CX43, Bcl2 and BAX; mRNA expression for all of these genes, except for GDF9, differed (P<0.05) between in vivo- and in vitro-matured CCs. In conclusion, we found that gene-expression profiles are related to the quality of CCs and therefore posit that monitoring gene expression could be a useful strategy to guide attempts to improve in vitro culture systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Jin Cho
- Department of Animal Science, Division of Applied Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Gyeongsangnam-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong-Lim Lee
- Department of Animal Science, Division of Applied Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Gyeongsangnam-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Gon Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Division of Applied Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Gyeongsangnam-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hoon Kim
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Suwon 441-706, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Gyu Yoo
- Dairy Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan 331-801, Chungcheongnam-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Chul Yang
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Suwon 441-706, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Ki Park
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Suwon 441-706, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Keun Kong
- Department of Animal Science, Division of Applied Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Gyeongsangnam-Do, Republic of Korea
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71
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Lee SH, Oh HJ, Kim MJ, Kim GA, Choi YB, Jo YK, Setyawan EMN, Lee BC. Oocyte maturation-related gene expression in the canine oviduct, cumulus cells, and oocytes and effect of co-culture with oviduct cells on in vitro maturation of oocytes. J Assist Reprod Genet 2017; 34:929-938. [PMID: 28386814 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-017-0910-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In contrast to most other mammals, canine oocytes are ovulated in an immature state and undergo oocyte maturation within the oviduct during the estrus stage. The aim of the study was to investigate whether oviduct cells from the estrus stage affect the maturation of oocytes and show gene expression patterns related to oocyte maturation. METHODS We analyzed MAPK1/3, SMAD2/3, and BMP6/15 expression in oviduct cells, cumulus cells, and oocytes from anestrus, estrus, and diestrus stages. Next, we investigated the effect of co-culture with oviduct cells derived from the estrus stage upon in vitro maturation (IVM) of canine oocytes. RESULTS There was significantly higher MAPK1/3 (1.42 ± 0.02 and 2.23 ± 0.06), SMAD2/3 (0.77 ± 0.03 and 2.39 ± 0.07), and BMP15 (2.21 ± 0.16) expression in oviduct cells at the estrus stage (P < 0.05). In cumulus cells, MAPK1 (1.26 ± 0.07), SMAD2/3 (0.82 ± 0.01, 1.04 ± 0.01), and BMP6 (13.09 ± 0.11) expression was significantly higher in the estrus stage (P < 0.05). In oocytes, significant upregulation of MAPK1/3 (14,960 ± 3121 and 1668 ± 253.4), SMAD3 (774.6 ± 79.62), and BMP6 (8500 ± 895.4) expression was found in the estrus stage (P < 0.05). After 72 h of IVM culture, a significantly higher maturation rate was observed in oocytes co-cultured with oviduct cells (10.0 ± 1.5%) than in the control group (3.2 ± 1.4%). CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that oviduct cells at the estrus stage highly expressed MAPK1/3, SMAD2/3, and BMP15. Furthermore, canine oviduct cells from the estrus stage enhance the culture environment for canine oocyte maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok Hee Lee
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Oh
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Geon A Kim
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Bin Choi
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Kwang Jo
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Erif Maha Nugraha Setyawan
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Chun Lee
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Dog cloning with in vivo matured oocytes obtained using electric chemiluminescence immunoassay-predicted ovulation method. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173735. [PMID: 28288197 PMCID: PMC5348006 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Radioactive immunoassay (RIA) is a traditional serum hormone assay method, but the application of the method in reproductive studies is limited by the associated radioactivity. The aim of present study was to evaluate the reliability of RIA and to compare its canine serum progesterone concentration determination accuracy to that of the electric chemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLI). In vivo matured oocytes were utilized for canine somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), and serum progesterone levels were assessed to accurately determine ovulation and oocyte maturation. Canine serum progesterone concentrations during both proestrus and estrus were analyzed by RIA and ECLI to determine the ovulation day. Although both methods detected similar progesterone levels before ovulation, the mean progesterone concentration determined using ECLI was significantly higher than of RIA three days before ovulation. Following ovulation, oocytes were collected by surgery, and a lower percentage of mature oocytes were observed using ECLI (39%) as compared to RIA (67%) if 4-8ng/ml of progesterone were used for determination of ovulation. A high percentage of mature oocytes was observed using ECLI when 6-15 ng/mL of progesterone was used for ovulation determination. To determine whether ECLI could be used for canine cloning, six canines were selected as oocyte donors, and two puppies were obtained after SCNT and embryo transfer. In conclusion, compared to the traditional RIA method, the ECLI method is a safe and reliable method for canine cloning.
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73
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HWANG Y, HYUN SH, HWANG WS, KIM G. Normal bone healing in three cloned dogs with long bone fractures. TURKISH JOURNAL OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.3906/vet-1603-65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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74
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Intawicha P, Siriboon C, Chen CH, Chiu YT, Lin TA, Kere M, Lo NW, Lee KH, Chang LY, Chiang HI, Ju JC. Derivation and characterization of putative embryonic stem cells from cloned rabbit embryos. Theriogenology 2016; 86:1799-810. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Pan Y, He H, Cui Y, Baloch AR, Li Q, Fan J, He J, Yu S. Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein 6 Enhances Oocyte Reprogramming Potential and Subsequent Development of the Cloned Yak Embryos. Cell Reprogram 2016; 17:484-93. [PMID: 26655079 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2015.0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of bone morphogenetic protein 6 (BMP6) supplementation in the medium during in vitro maturation (IVM) on the developmental potential of oocytes and in the subsequent development of cloned yak embryos. Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were aspirated from the antral follicles of yak ovaries and cultured with different concentrations of recombinant human BMP6 in oocyte maturation medium. Following maturation, the metaphase II (MII) oocytes were used for somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), and these were cultured in vitro. The development of blastocysts and cell numbers were detected on day 8. The apoptosis and histone modifications of yak cloned blastocysts were evaluated by detecting the expression of relevant genes and proteins (Bax, Bcl-2, H3K9ac, H3K18ac, and H3K9me3) using relative quantitative RT-PCR or immunofluorescence. The presence of 100 ng/mL BMP6 significantly enhanced the oocyte maturation ratios (66.12 ± 2.04% vs. 73.11 ± 1.38%), cleavage rates (69.40 ± 1.03% vs. 78.16 ± 0.93%), and blastocyst formation rates (20.63 ± 1.32% vs. 28.16 ± 1.67%) of cloned yak embryos. The total blastocysts (85.24 ± 3.12 vs. 103.36 ± 5.28), inner cell mass (ICM) cell numbers (19.59 ± 2.17 vs. 32.20 ± 2.61), and ratio of ICM to trophectoderm (TE) (22.93 ± 1.43% vs. 31.21 ± 1.62%) were also enhanced (p < 0.05). The ratio of the Bax to the Bcl-2 gene was lowest in the SCNT + BMP6 groups (p < 0.05). The H3K9ac and H3K18ac levels were increased in SCNT + BMP6 groups (p < 0.05), whereas the H3K9me3 level was decreased; the differences in blastocysts were not significant (p > 0.05). These study results demonstrate that addition of oocyte maturation medium with recombinant BMP6 enhances yak oocyte developmental potential and the subsequent developmental competence of SCNT embryos, and provides evidence that BMP6 is an important determinant of mammalian oocyte developmental reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Pan
- 1 Gansu Province Livestock Embryo Engineering Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University , Lanzhou, China
| | - Honghong He
- 1 Gansu Province Livestock Embryo Engineering Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University , Lanzhou, China
| | - Yan Cui
- 1 Gansu Province Livestock Embryo Engineering Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University , Lanzhou, China
| | - Abdul Rasheed Baloch
- 2 University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice , Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Qin Li
- 1 Gansu Province Livestock Embryo Engineering Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University , Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiangfeng Fan
- 1 Gansu Province Livestock Embryo Engineering Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University , Lanzhou, China
| | - Junfeng He
- 1 Gansu Province Livestock Embryo Engineering Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University , Lanzhou, China
| | - Sijiu Yu
- 1 Gansu Province Livestock Embryo Engineering Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University , Lanzhou, China
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76
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Li W, Xiong Y, Wang F, Liu X, Gao Y, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Jin Y. MicroRNA-145 Inhibitor Significantly Improves the Development of Bovine Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer Embryos In Vitro. Cell Reprogram 2016; 18:230-6. [DOI: 10.1089/cell.2016.0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhe Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yongjie Xiong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Fengyu Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xin Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yang Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yongsheng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yaping Jin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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77
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Lee JH, Chun JL, Kim KJ, Kim EY, Kim DH, Lee BM, Han KW, Park KS, Lee KB, Kim MK. Effect of Acteoside as a Cell Protector to Produce a Cloned Dog. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159330. [PMID: 27428333 PMCID: PMC4948914 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is a well-known laboratory technique. The principle of the SCNT involves the reprogramming a somatic nucleus by injecting a somatic cell into a recipient oocyte whose nucleus has been removed. Therefore, the nucleus donor cells are considered as a crucial factor in SCNT. Cell cycle synchronization of nucleus donor cells at G0/G1 stage can be induced by contact inhibition or serum starvation. In this study, acteoside, a phenylpropanoid glycoside compound, was investigated to determine whether it is applicable for inducing cell cycle synchronization, cytoprotection, and improving SCNT efficiency in canine fetal fibroblasts. Primary canine fetal fibroblasts were treated with acteoside (10, 30, 50 μM) for various time periods (24, 48 and 72 hours). Cell cycle synchronization at G0/G1 stage did not differ significantly with the method of induction: acteoside treatment, contact inhibition or serum starvation. However, of these three treatments, serum starvation resulted in significantly increased level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) (99.5 ± 0.3%) and apoptosis. The results also revealed that acteoside reduced ROS and apoptosis processes including necrosis in canine fetal fibroblasts, and improved the cell survival. Canine fetal fibroblasts treated with acteoside were successfully arrested at the G0/G1 stage. Moreover, the reconstructed embryos using nucleus donor cells treated with acteoside produced a healthy cloned dog, but not the embryos produced using nucleus donor cells subjected to contact inhibition. In conclusion, acteoside induced cell cycle synchronization of nucleus donor cells would be an alternative method to improve the efficiency of canine SCNT because of its cytoprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hye Lee
- Division of Animal & Dairy Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Lan Chun
- Division of Animal & Dairy Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Jung Kim
- Division of Animal & Dairy Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Young Kim
- Division of Animal & Dairy Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-hee Kim
- Division of Animal & Dairy Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Myeong Lee
- Division of Animal & Dairy Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kil Woo Han
- Division of Animal & Dairy Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang-Sun Park
- Division of Animal & Dairy Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Bon Lee
- Department of Biology Education, College of Education, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kyu Kim
- Division of Animal & Dairy Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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78
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Derivation and application of pluripotent stem cells for regenerative medicine. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2016; 59:576-83. [DOI: 10.1007/s11427-016-5066-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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79
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Techniques of Human Embryonic Stem Cell and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Derivation. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2016; 64:349-70. [PMID: 26939778 PMCID: PMC5021740 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-016-0385-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Developing procedures for the derivation of human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) gave rise to novel pathways into regenerative medicine research. For many years, stem cells have attracted attention as a potentially unlimited cell source for cellular therapy in neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and spinal cord injuries, for example. In these studies, adult stem cells were insufficient; therefore, many attempts were made to obtain PSCs by other means. This review discusses key issues concerning the techniques of pluripotent cell acquisition. Technical and ethical issues hindered the medical use of somatic cell nuclear transfer and embryonic stem cells. Therefore, induced PSCs (iPSCs) emerged as a powerful technique with great potential for clinical applications, patient-specific disease modelling and pharmaceutical studies. The replacement of viral vectors or the administration of analogous proteins or chemical compounds during cell reprogramming are modifications designed to reduce tumorigenesis risk and to augment the procedure efficiency. Intensified analysis of new PSC lines revealed other barriers to overcome, such as epigenetic memory, disparity between human and mouse pluripotency, and variable response to differentiation of some iPSC lines. Thus, multidimensional verification must be conducted to fulfil strict clinical-grade requirements. Nevertheless, the first clinical trials in patients with spinal cord injury and macular dystrophy were recently carried out with differentiated iPSCs, encouraging alternative strategies for potential autologous cellular therapies.
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80
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Jeong YW, Kim JJ, Kim HD, Hwang KC, Hyun SH, Kim NH, Jeung EB, Hwang WS. Preimplantation development of cloned canine embryos recovered by hysterectomy or surgical uterine flushing and subsequent pregnancy outcomes. Theriogenology 2015; 86:1865-1872.e1. [PMID: 27587271 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Dog cloning offers a substantial potential because of the advancements in assisted reproductive technology and development of the human disease model in line with the transgenic technique. However, little is known about the development of the canine cloned embryo during the preimplantation period. The aim of this study was to investigate the most efficient method and time for collecting cloned canine preimplantation embryos and to ascertain the developmental timeline of cloned canine embryos. Two hundred cloned embryos were created and transferred into 11 surrogates. The preimplantation stage cloned embryos were then collected on Days 7, 8, and 9 using an ovariohysterectomy or the Foley balloon catheter method. The recovery rate of reconstructed embryos was 63.6% and 60.6% for the ovariohysterectomy and Foley balloon catheter methods, respectively. Although significant differences were observed in the early developmental stages (one-cell and 16-cell stages), no significant difference was observed in the blastocyst stage. Significantly higher blastocyst rate was observed when the embryos were collected on Day 8 (11.4%) than on Day 7 (0.0%; P < 0.05). At the proximal uterine horn on Day 7, no embryos at any stage were found, whereas on Days 8 and 9, blastocysts were found. We have observed a 63% initial pregnancy rate at 25 to 30 days after embryo transfer and a 50% full-term pregnancy rate, whereas 6.3% of the puppies were born, and 5.5% were born live among the total transferred embryos. Our results suggest that cloned embryos can develop to blastocysts by Day 8, and full-term pregnancy can be achieved after embryo transfer in canine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Woo Jeong
- Sooam Biotech Research Foundation, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joung Joo Kim
- Sooam Biotech Research Foundation, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Duk Kim
- Sooam Biotech Research Foundation, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Chan Hwang
- Sooam Biotech Research Foundation, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hwan Hyun
- Sooam Biotech Research Foundation, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Hyung Kim
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Bae Jeung
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Suk Hwang
- Sooam Biotech Research Foundation, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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81
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Choi YB, Kim GA, Oh HJ, Kim MJ, Jo YK, Setyawan EMN, Lee SH, Lee BC. Cloning of the short-tailed Gyeongju Donggyeong dog via SCNT: conserving phenotypic inheritance. J Vet Med Sci 2015; 78:329-31. [PMID: 26477541 PMCID: PMC4785129 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.15-0107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatic cell nuclear transfer is a useful tool to maintain genetic information of animals. The Gyeongju
Donggyeong dog is a breed registered as natural monument in Korea. The unique feature of the Donggyeong dog is
its tail, as the Donggyeong dog can be classified as either short tailed or tailless. The aim of this study
was to preserve the Donggyeong dog’s unique feature by cloning. Fibroblasts were obtained from a short-tailed
Donggyeong dog. In vivo matured oocytes were enucleated, microinjected with a donor cell and
fused electrically. Reconstructed embryos were transferred to six recipient dogs. One surrogate became
pregnant, and one short-tailed Donggyeong dog was delivered. This study demonstrated that the phenotype of the
Donggyeong dog could be conserved by somatic cell nuclear transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoo Bin Choi
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 151-742
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Altering histone acetylation status in donor cells with suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid does not affect dog cloning efficiency. Theriogenology 2015; 84:1256-61. [PMID: 26259535 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Revised: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Although dog cloning technology has been applied to conservation of endangered canids, propagation of elite dogs, and production of transgenic dogs, the efficiency of cloning is still very low. To help overcome this problem, we evaluated the effect of treating donor cells with suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, on dog cloning efficiency. Relative messenger RNA expressions of the bax1/bcl2 ratio and Dnmt1 in fibroblasts treated with different concentrations (0, 1, 10, 50 μM) of SAHA and durations (0, 20, 44 hours) were compared. Treatment with 1 μM for 20 hours showed significantly lower bax1/bcl2 and Dnmt1 transcript abundance. Acetylation of H3K9 was significantly increased after SAHA treatment, but H4K5, H4K8 and H4K16 were not changed. After SCNT using control or donor cells treated with SAHA, a total of 76 and 64 cloned embryos were transferred to seven and five recipients, respectively. Three fetuses were diagnosed in both control and SAHA-treated groups by ultrasonography 29 days after the embryo transfer, but there was no significant difference in the pregnancy rate (4.2% vs. 4.3%). In conclusion, although SAHA treatment as used in this study significantly decreased bax1/bcl2 and Dnmt1 transcripts of donor nuclei, as well as increased H3 acetylation, it was not enough to increase in vivo developmental competence of cloned dog embryos.
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83
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Handmade cloning: recent advances, potential and pitfalls. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2015; 6:43. [PMID: 26473031 PMCID: PMC4606838 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-015-0043-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Handmade cloning (HMC) is the most awaited, simple and micromanipulator-free version of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). The requirement of expensive micromanipulators and skilled expertise is eliminated in this technique, proving it as a major revolution in the field of embryology. During the past years, many modifications have been incorporated in this technique to boost its efficiency. This alternative approach to micromanipulator based traditional cloning (TC) works wonder in generating comparable or even higher birth rates in addition to declining costs drastically and enabling cryopreservation. This technique is not only applicable to intraspecies nuclear transfer but also to interspecies nuclear transfer (iSCNT) thus permitting conservation of endangered species. It also offers unique possibilities for automation of SCNT which aims at production of transgenic animals that can cure certain human diseases by producing therapeutics hence, providing a healthier future for the wellbeing of humans. The present review aims at highlighting certain aspects of HMC including recent advancements in procedure and factors involved in elevating its efficiency besides covering the potentials and pitfalls of this technique.
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84
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Ectopic liver and gallbladder in a cloned dog: Possible nonheritable anomaly. Theriogenology 2015; 84:995-1002. [PMID: 26159091 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Ectopic liver and gallbladder are rare anomalies usually not accompanied by any symptoms and are found during surgical exploration or autopsy. We aimed to find a cause of this anomaly using somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) technology, which can produce genetically identical organisms. A cloned beagle having ectopic organs was produced and died on the day of birth. Major and ectopic organs were fixed and underwent histologic analysis. SCNT was performed using cells derived from the dead puppy to produce reclones. Normality of internal organs in the original donor dog and recloned dogs was evaluated by computed tomography. While a liver without the gallbladder was located in the abdominal cavity of the cloned dog, a well-defined, reddish brown mass with a small sac was also positioned outside of the thoracic cavity. Histologically, they presented as normal liver and gallbladder. Five reclones were produced, and computed tomography results revealed that the original donor dog and reclones had normal liver and gallbladder structure and location. This is the first report of both ectopic liver and gallbladder in an organism and investigation on the etiology of these abnormalities. Normal organ structure and position in the original donor dog and reclones suggests that the ectopic liver and gallbladder is a possible nonheritable anomaly.
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85
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Abstract
As man's best friend, dogs have an important position in human society. Ten years ago, we reported the first cloned dog, and his birth has raised various scientific issues, such as those related to health, reproduction, and life span. He has developed without any unique health issues. In this article, we summarize and present perspectives on canine cloning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goo Jang
- 1 Laboratory of Theriogenology, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and the Research Institute of Veterinary Science, Seoul National University , Seoul, Republic of Korea, 08826.,2 Emergence Center for Food-Medicine Personalized Therapy System, Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University , Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea, 16229
| | - ByeongChun Lee
- 1 Laboratory of Theriogenology, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and the Research Institute of Veterinary Science, Seoul National University , Seoul, Republic of Korea, 08826
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86
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Oh HJ, Choi J, Kim MJ, Kim GA, Jo YK, Choi YB, Lee BC. Propagation of elite rescue dogs by somatic cell nuclear transfer. Anim Sci J 2015; 87:21-6. [DOI: 10.1111/asj.12402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2014] [Revised: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Ju Oh
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine; Seoul National University; Seoul Korea
| | - Jin Choi
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine; Seoul National University; Seoul Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine; Seoul National University; Seoul Korea
| | - Geon A Kim
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine; Seoul National University; Seoul Korea
| | - Young Kwang Jo
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine; Seoul National University; Seoul Korea
| | - Yoo Bin Choi
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine; Seoul National University; Seoul Korea
| | - Byeong Chun Lee
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine; Seoul National University; Seoul Korea
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87
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Abstract
A synopsis is provided of different expressions of whole-animal vertebrate clonality (asexual organismal-level reproduction), both in the laboratory and in nature. For vertebrate taxa, such clonal phenomena include the following: human-mediated cloning via artificial nuclear transfer; intergenerational clonality in nature via parthenogenesis and gynogenesis; intergenerational hemiclonality via hybridogenesis and kleptogenesis; intragenerational clonality via polyembryony; and what in effect qualifies as clonal replication via self-fertilization and intense inbreeding by simultaneous hermaphrodites. Each of these clonal or quasi-clonal mechanisms is described, and its evolutionary genetic ramifications are addressed. By affording an atypical vantage on standard vertebrate reproduction, clonality offers fresh perspectives on the evolutionary and ecological significance of recombination-derived genetic variety.
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Affiliation(s)
- John C Avise
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697
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88
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Ogawa H, Watanabe H, Fukuda A, Kono T. Deficiency of genomic reprogramming in trophoblast stem cells following nuclear transfer. Cell Reprogram 2015; 17:115-23. [PMID: 25826724 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2014.0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To examine the genomic reprogrammability of trophoblast stem (TS) cells using a nuclear transfer technique, we produced TS cloned embryos using five TS cell lines from three strains of mice (ICR, B6D2F1, and B6CBF1) as donors and observed developmental ability during preimplantation development. The developmental rates of the TS cloned embryos that developed to the two-cell, four- to eight-cell, morula, and blastocyst stages were 58-83%, 0-38.6%, 0-21.3%, and 0-15.9%, respectively, indicating that more than 50% of TS cloned embryos arrested at the two-cell stage. These TS cloned two-cell embryos were expressed low level of Dappa3 (also known as PGC7/Stella), indicating that zygotic gene activation (ZGA) was disrupted in these embryos. However, a small portion of the TS cloned embryos (0-15.9%) reached the blastocyst stage. In these TS cloned blastocysts, the numbers of trophectoderm (TE) and inner cell mass (ICM) cells were 31.9 ± 4.6 and 12.1 ± 3.0, respectively, which were not significantly different from those in the fertilized embryos. In addition, the gene expression analysis showed that Oct3/4, and Cdx2, which are ICM- and TE-specific marker genes, respectively, and Dppa3, and Hdac1, which are zygotic gene activation-related genes, were expressed in TS cloned blastocysts at the same levels as in the fertilized blastocysts. These results indicate that although TS cloned embryos are able to differentiate into ICM cells, the genomic reprogrammability of TS cells is very low following nuclear transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidehiko Ogawa
- Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture , Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan
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89
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Su J, Liu X, Sun H, Wang Y, Wu Y, Guo Z, Zhang Y. Identification of differentially expressed microRNAs in placentas of cloned and normally produced calves by Solexa sequencing. Anim Reprod Sci 2015; 155:64-74. [PMID: 25735829 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2015.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Revised: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant gene expression caused by aberrant nuclear reprogramming results in developmental abnormalities in cloned animals and ultimately their death. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a family of ∼ 22 nucleotide, non-coding, single-stranded RNA molecules, are considered as key regulators of gene expression. Numerous miRNAs and their expression patterns have been identified in various species. However, the significance of miRNAs in developmental abnormalities in cloned animals is unclear. Small RNA libraries were generated from the placentas of cloned (somatic cell nuclear transfer, SCNT) and normally produced (control) calves. A total of 18,815,541 clean reads were obtained from the SCNT library and 19,329,352 from the control library. In total, 430 conserved bovine miRNAs were identified in bovine placenta. Furthermore, the family, expression predominance, and base substitution of the conserved miRNAs were also analyzed. We found 135 conserved miRNAs that were differentially expressed significantly between the two samples, which suggest that these miRNAs may affect developmental abnormalities in cloned cattle and ultimately their death. The miRNA target prediction, gene ontology, and pathway analysis for these target genes were also carried out. The present study expands the collection of bovine miRNAs and could initiate further studies on the functions of miRNAs in developmental abnormalities and death in cloned animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Su
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Xin Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Hongzheng Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Yongsheng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Yongyan Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Zekun Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China.
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90
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Kim GA, Oh HJ, Kim MJ, Jo YK, Choi J, Park JE, Park EJ, Lim SH, Yoon BI, Kang SK, Jang G, Lee BC. Survival of skin graft between transgenic cloned dogs and non-transgenic cloned dogs. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108330. [PMID: 25372489 PMCID: PMC4220905 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Whereas it has been assumed that genetically modified tissues or cells derived from somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) should be accepted by a host of the same species, their immune compatibility has not been extensively explored. To identify acceptance of SCNT-derived cells or tissues, skin grafts were performed between cloned dogs that were identical except for their mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplotypes and foreign gene. We showed here that differences in mtDNA haplotypes and genetic modification did not elicit immune responses in these dogs: 1) skin tissues from genetically-modified cloned dogs were successfully transplanted into genetically-modified cloned dogs with different mtDNA haplotype under three successive grafts over 63 days; and 2) non-transgenic cloned tissues were accepted into transgenic cloned syngeneic recipients with different mtDNA haplotypes and vice versa under two successive grafts over 63 days. In addition, expression of the inserted gene was maintained, being functional without eliciting graft rejection. In conclusion, these results show that transplanting genetically-modified tissues into normal, syngeneic or genetically-modified recipient dogs with different mtDNA haplotypes do not elicit skin graft rejection or affect expression of the inserted gene. Therefore, therapeutically valuable tissue derived from SCNT with genetic modification might be used safely in clinical applications for patients with diseased tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geon A Kim
- Department of Theriogenology & Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Oh
- Department of Theriogenology & Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Department of Theriogenology & Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Kwang Jo
- Department of Theriogenology & Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Choi
- Department of Theriogenology & Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Eun Park
- Department of Theriogenology & Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jung Park
- Department of Theriogenology & Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Lim
- Central Research Institutes, K-stem cell, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Il Yoon
- Laboratory of Histology and Molecular Pathogenesis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Keun Kang
- Central Research Institutes, K-stem cell, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Goo Jang
- Department of Theriogenology & Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Chun Lee
- Department of Theriogenology & Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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91
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Effect of epigenetic modification with trichostatin A and S-adenosylhomocysteine on developmental competence and POU5F1-EGFP expression of interspecies cloned embryos in dog. ZYGOTE 2014; 23:758-70. [PMID: 25314965 DOI: 10.1017/s0967199414000410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Adult canine fibroblasts stably transfected with either cytomegalovirus (CMV) or POU5F1 promoter-driven enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) were used to investigate if pre-treatment of these donor cells with two epigenetic drugs [trichostatin A (TSA), or S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH)] can improve the efficiency of interspecies somatic cell nuclear transfer (iSCNT). Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), analyses revealed that TSA, but not SAH, treatment of both transgenic and non-transgenic fibroblasts significantly increased acetylation levels compared with untreated relatives. The expression levels of Bcl2 and P53 were significantly affected in TSA-treated cells compared with untreated cells, whereas SAH treatment had no significant effect on cell apoptosis. Irrespective of epigenetic modification, dog/bovine iSCNT embryos had overall similar rates of cleavage and development to 8-16-cell and morula stages in non-transgenic groups. For transgenic reconstructed embryos, however, TSA and SAH could significantly improve development to 8-16-cell and morula stages compared with control. Even though, irrespective of cell transgenesis and epigenetic modification, none of the iSCNT embryos developed to the blastocyst stage. The iSCNT embryos carrying CMV-EGFP expressed EGFP at all developmental stages (2-cell, 4-cell, 8-16-cell, and morula) without mosaicism, while no POU5F1-EGFP signal was observed in any stage of developing iSCNT embryos irrespective of TSA/SAH epigenetic modifications. These results indicated that bovine oocytes partially remodel canine fibroblasts and that TSA and SAH have marginal beneficial effects on this process.
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92
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Koh S, Piedrahita JA. From "ES-like" cells to induced pluripotent stem cells: a historical perspective in domestic animals. Theriogenology 2014; 81:103-11. [PMID: 24274415 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2013.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Revised: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells such as embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) provide great potential as cell sources for gene editing to generate genetically modified animals, as well as in the field of regenerative medicine. Stable, long-term ESCs have been established in laboratory mouse and rat; however, isolation of true pluripotent ESCs in domesticated animals such as pigs and dogs have been less successful. Initially, domesticated animal pluripotent cell lines were referred to as "embryonic stem-like" cells owing to their similar morphologic characteristics to mouse ESCs, but accompanied by a limited ability to proliferate in vitro in an undifferentiated state. That is, they shared some but not all the characteristics of true ESCs. More recently, advances in reprogramming using exogenous transcription factors, combined with the utilization of small chemical inhibitors of key biochemical pathways, have led to the isolation of iPSCs. In this review, we provide a historical perspective of the isolation of various types of pluripotent stem cells in domesticated animals. In addition, we summarize the latest progress and limitations in the derivation and application of iPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehwon Koh
- Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA; Genomics Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
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93
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Kim JS, Choi HW, Choi S, Do JT. Reprogrammed pluripotent stem cells from somatic cells. Int J Stem Cells 2014; 4:1-8. [PMID: 24298328 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc.2011.4.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/06/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells, such as embryonic stem (ES) cells, can differentiate into all cell types. So, these cells can be a biological resource for regenerative medicine. However, ES cells known as standard pluripotent cells have problem to be used for cell therapy because of ethical issue of the origin and immune response on the graft. Hence, recently reprogrammed pluripotent cells have been suggested as an alternative source for regenerative medicine. Somatic cells can acquire the ES cell-like pluripotency by transferring somatic cell nuclei into oocytes, by cell fusion with pluripotent cells. Retroviral-mediated introduction of four factors, Oct4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc can successfully reprogram somatic cells into ES cell-like pluripotent stem cells, known as induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. These cells closely resemble ES cells in gene expression pattern, cell biologic and phenotypic characteristics. However, to reach the eventual goal of clinical application, it is necessary to overcome the major drawbacks such as low reprogramming efficiency and genomic alterations due to viral integration. In this review, we discuss the current reprogramming techniques and mechanisms of nuclear reprogramming induced by transcription factor transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Soo Kim
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Life Science, CHA University, Seoul, Korea
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94
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Alvarez CE. Naturally Occurring Cancers in Dogs: Insights for Translational Genetics and Medicine. ILAR J 2014; 55:16-45. [DOI: 10.1093/ilar/ilu010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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95
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Hwang I, Jeong YW, Kim JJ, Lee HJ, Kang M, Park KB, Park JH, Kim YW, Kim WT, Shin T, Hyun SH, Jeung EB, Hwang WS. Successful cloning of coyotes through interspecies somatic cell nuclear transfer using domestic dog oocytes. Reprod Fertil Dev 2014; 25:1142-8. [PMID: 23217630 DOI: 10.1071/rd12256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Accepted: 10/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Interspecies somatic cell nuclear transfer (iSCNT) is an emerging assisted reproductive technology (ART) for preserving Nature's diversity. The scarcity of oocytes from some species makes utilisation of readily available oocytes inevitable. In the present study, we describe the successful cloning of coyotes (Canis latrans) through iSCNT using oocytes from domestic dogs (Canis lupus familiaris or dingo). Transfer of 320 interspecies-reconstructed embryos into 22 domestic dog recipients resulted in six pregnancies, from which eight viable offspring were delivered. Fusion rate and cloning efficiency during iSCNT cloning of coyotes were not significantly different from those observed during intraspecies cloning of domestic dogs. Using neonatal fibroblasts as donor cells significantly improved the cloning efficiency compared with cloning using adult fibroblast donor cells (P<0.05). The use of domestic dog oocytes in the cloning of coyotes in the present study holds promise for cloning other endangered species in the Canidae family using similar techniques. However, there are still limitations of the iSCNT technology, as demonstrated by births of morphologically abnormal coyotes and the clones' inheritance of maternal domestic dog mitochondrial DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Insung Hwang
- Sooam Biotech Research Foundation, 64 Kyungin-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 152-895, Republic of Korea
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96
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Song Y, Hai T, Wang Y, Guo R, Li W, Wang L, Zhou Q. Epigenetic reprogramming, gene expression and in vitro development of porcine SCNT embryos are significantly improved by a histone deacetylase inhibitor--m-carboxycinnamic acid bishydroxamide (CBHA). Protein Cell 2014; 5:382-93. [PMID: 24627095 PMCID: PMC3996156 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-014-0034-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Insufficient epigenetic reprogramming of donor nuclei is believed to be one of the most important causes of low development efficiency of mammalian somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). Previous studies have shown that both the in vitro and in vivo development of mouse SCNT embryos could be increased significantly by treatment with various histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi), including Trichostatin A, Scriptaid, and m-carboxycinnamic acid bishydroxamide (CBHA), in which only the effect of CBHA has not yet been tested in other species. In this paper we examine the effect of CBHA treatment on the development of porcine SCNT embryos. We have discovered the optimum dosage and time for CBHA treatment: incubating SCNT embryos with 2 μmol/L CBHA for 24 h after activation could increase the blastocyst rate from 12.7% to 26.5%. Immunofluorescence results showed that the level of acetylation at histone 3 lysine 9 (AcH3K9), acetylation at histone 3 lysine 18 (AcH3K18), and acetylation at histone 4 lysine 16 (AcH4K16) was raised after CBHA treatment. Meanwhile, CBHA treatment improved the expression of development relating genes such as pou5f1, cdx2, and the imprinted genes like igf2. Despite these promising in vitro results and histone reprogramming, the full term development was not significantly increased after treatment. In conclusion, CBHA improves the in vitro development of pig SCNT embryos, increases the global histone acetylation and corrects the expression of some developmentally important genes at early stages. As in mouse SCNT, we have shown that nuclear epigenetic reprogramming in pig early SCNT embryos can be modified by CBHA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuran Song
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
- Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Tang Hai
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Runfa Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Liu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Qi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
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97
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Kim MJ, Oh HJ, Kim GA, Jo YK, Choi J, Kim HJ, Choi HY, Kim HW, Choi MC, Lee BC. Reduced birth weight, cleft palate and preputial abnormalities in a cloned dog. Acta Vet Scand 2014; 56:18. [PMID: 24669802 PMCID: PMC3984017 DOI: 10.1186/1751-0147-56-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to report a novel developmental abnormality in a cloned dog. A fibroblast cell line was established from an 8-year-old male German shepherd dog. In vivo matured oocytes were retrieved from a large breed dog, and the nucleus was removed from each oocyte. A donor cell was injected into an enucleated oocyte, and the oocyte-cell couplet was fused electrically. After chemical activation, the resulting embryos were transferred into a naturally estrus-synchronized recipient dog, and two cloned pups were delivered by Cesarean section 60 days later. One cloned pup (Clone 1) was healthy, but the other (Clone 2) had a birth weight of only 320 g and cleft palate, failure of preputial closure at the ventral distal part, and persistent penile frenulum. Clone 2 was raised by stomach feeding until Day 40 after birth, where palatoplasty was performed. The abnormalities in external genitalia in Clone 2 resulted in persistent penile extrusion that was surgically corrected. This complex developmental abnormality has not been reported in dogs previously.
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98
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Su J, Wang Y, Zhang L, Wang B, Liu J, Luo Y, Guo Z, Quan F, Zhang Y. Oocyte-secreted factors in oocyte maturation media enhance subsequent development of bovine cloned embryos. Mol Reprod Dev 2014; 81:341-9. [PMID: 24420374 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Successful in vitro maturation (IVM) and oocyte quality both affect the subsequent development of cloned embryos derived from somatic-cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). Developmental competence is usually lower in oocytes matured in vitro compared with those that matured in vivo, possibly due to insufficient levels of oocyte-secreted factors (OSFs) and disrupted oocyte-cumulus communication. This study investigated the effects of OSFs secreted by denuded oocytes (DOs) during IVM on the subsequent developmental competence of cloned bovine embryos. Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) from antral follicles of slaughtered-cow ovaries collected from an abattoir were divided into four groups: COCs co-cultured with and without DOs in maturation media used for SCNT, as well as COCs co-cultured with and without DOs in maturation media used for in vitro fertilization (IVF). Based on the developmental competence and embryo quality of bovine embryos generated from these four groups, we found that co-culturing the COCs with DOs enhanced the in vitro development of IVF and cloned bovine embryos, and potentially generated more high-quality cloned blastocysts that possessed locus-specific histone modifications at levels similar to in vitro-fertilized embryos. These results strongly suggest that co-culturing COCs with DOs enhances subsequent developmental competence of cloned bovine embryo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Su
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
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99
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Influence of somatic cell donor breed on reproductive performance and comparison of prenatal growth in cloned canines. Theriogenology 2014; 81:1207-13.e1. [PMID: 24613602 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Revised: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Using in vivo-flushed oocytes from a homogenous dog population and subsequent embryo transfer after nuclear transfer, we studied the effects of donor cells collected from 10 different breeds on cloning efficiency and perinatal development of resulted cloned puppies. The breeds were categorized into four groups according to their body weight: small (≤9 kg), medium (>9-20 kg), large (>20-40 kg), and ultra large (>40 kg). A total of 1611 cloned embryos were transferred into 454 surrogate bitches for production of cloned puppies. No statistically significant differences were observed for initial pregnancy rates at Day 30 of embryo transfer for the donor cells originated from different breeds. However, full-term pregnancy rates were 16.5%, 11.0%, 10.0%, and 7.1% for the donor cells originated from ultra-large breed, large, medium, and small breeds, respectively, where pregnancy rate in the ultra-large group was significantly higher compared with the small breeds (P < 0.01). Perinatal mortality until weaning was significantly higher in small breeds (33.3%) compared with medium, large, or ultra-large breeds where no mortality was observed. The mean birth weight of cloned pups significantly increased proportional to breed size. The highest litter size was examined in ultra-large breeds. There was no correlation between the number of embryo transferred and litter size. Taken together, the efficiency of somatic cell cloning and fetal survival after embryo transfer may be affected significantly by selecting the appropriate genotype.
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100
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Lee GS, Jeong YW, Kim JJ, Park SW, Ko KH, Kang M, Kim YK, Jung EM, Moon C, Hyun SH, Hwang KC, Kim NH, Shin T, Jeung EB, Hwang WS. A canine model of Alzheimer's disease generated by overexpressing a mutated human amyloid precursor protein. Int J Mol Med 2014; 33:1003-12. [PMID: 24481173 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2014.1636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Canines are considered the most authentic model for studying multifactorial human diseases, as these animals typically share a common environment with man. Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) technology along with genetic engineering of nuclear donor cells provides a unique opportunity for examining human diseases using transgenic canines. In the present study, we generated transgenic canines that overexpressed the human amyloid precursor protein (APP) gene containing well-characterized familial Alzheimer's disease (AD) mutations. We successfully obtained five out of six live puppies by SCNT. This was confirmed by observing the expression of green fluorescence protein in the body as a visual transgenic marker and the overexpression of the mutated APP gene in the brain. The transgenic canines developed AD-like symptoms, such as enlarged ventricles, an atrophied hippocampus, and β-amyloid plaques in the brain. Thus, the transgenic canines we created can serve as a novel animal model for studying human AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geun-Shik Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chucheon, Gangwon 200‑701, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Woo Jeong
- SooAm Biotech Research Foundation, Seoul 152-904, Republic of Korea
| | - Joung Joo Kim
- SooAm Biotech Research Foundation, Seoul 152-904, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Woo Park
- SooAm Biotech Research Foundation, Seoul 152-904, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Hee Ko
- SooAm Biotech Research Foundation, Seoul 152-904, Republic of Korea
| | - Mina Kang
- SooAm Biotech Research Foundation, Seoul 152-904, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Kyung Kim
- SooAm Biotech Research Foundation, Seoul 152-904, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Man Jung
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Changjong Moon
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medical Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Gyeonggi 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hwan Hyun
- Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Chan Hwang
- SooAm Biotech Research Foundation, Seoul 152-904, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Hyung Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeyoung Shin
- SooAm Biotech Research Foundation, Seoul 152-904, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Bae Jeung
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Suk Hwang
- SooAm Biotech Research Foundation, Seoul 152-904, Republic of Korea
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