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Smyth LJ, Kilner J, Nair V, Liu H, Brennan E, Kerr K, Sandholm N, Cole J, Dahlström E, Syreeni A, Salem RM, Nelson RG, Looker HC, Wooster C, Anderson K, McKay GJ, Kee F, Young I, Andrews D, Forsblom C, Hirschhorn JN, Godson C, Groop PH, Maxwell AP, Susztak K, Kretzler M, Florez JC, McKnight AJ. Assessment of differentially methylated loci in individuals with end-stage kidney disease attributed to diabetic kidney disease: an exploratory study. Clin Epigenetics 2021; 13:99. [PMID: 33933144 PMCID: PMC8088646 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-021-01081-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A subset of individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are predisposed to developing diabetic kidney disease (DKD), the most common cause globally of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Emerging evidence suggests epigenetic changes in DNA methylation may have a causal role in both T1DM and DKD. The aim of this exploratory investigation was to assess differences in blood-derived DNA methylation patterns between individuals with T1DM-ESKD and individuals with long-duration T1DM but no evidence of kidney disease upon repeated testing to identify potential blood-based biomarkers. Blood-derived DNA from individuals (107 cases, 253 controls and 14 experimental controls) were bisulphite treated before DNA methylation patterns from both groups were generated and analysed using Illumina's Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip arrays (n = 862,927 sites). Differentially methylated CpG sites (dmCpGs) were identified (false discovery rate adjusted p ≤ × 10-8 and fold change ± 2) by comparing methylation levels between ESKD cases and T1DM controls at single site resolution. Gene annotation and functionality was investigated to enrich and rank methylated regions associated with ESKD in T1DM. RESULTS Top-ranked genes within which several dmCpGs were located and supported by functional data with methylation look-ups in other cohorts include: AFF3, ARID5B, CUX1, ELMO1, FKBP5, HDAC4, ITGAL, LY9, PIM1, RUNX3, SEPTIN9 and UPF3A. Top-ranked enrichment pathways included pathways in cancer, TGF-β signalling and Th17 cell differentiation. CONCLUSIONS Epigenetic alterations provide a dynamic link between an individual's genetic background and their environmental exposures. This robust evaluation of DNA methylation in carefully phenotyped individuals has identified biomarkers associated with ESKD, revealing several genes and implicated key pathways associated with ESKD in individuals with T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Smyth
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
| | - J Kilner
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - V Nair
- Internal Medicine, Department of Nephrology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - H Liu
- Department of Department of Medicine/ Nephrology, Department of Genetics, Institute of Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - E Brennan
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - K Kerr
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - N Sandholm
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Abdominal Center, Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J Cole
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - E Dahlström
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Abdominal Center, Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - A Syreeni
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Abdominal Center, Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - R M Salem
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - R G Nelson
- Chronic Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - H C Looker
- Chronic Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - C Wooster
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - K Anderson
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - G J McKay
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - F Kee
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - I Young
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - D Andrews
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - C Forsblom
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Abdominal Center, Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J N Hirschhorn
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C Godson
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - P H Groop
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Abdominal Center, Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - A P Maxwell
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.,Regional Nephrology Unit, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - K Susztak
- Department of Department of Medicine/ Nephrology, Department of Genetics, Institute of Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - M Kretzler
- Internal Medicine, Department of Nephrology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - J C Florez
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A J McKnight
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
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52
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Cai S, Lu JX, Wang YP, Shi CJ, Yuan T, Wang XP. SH2B3, Transcribed by STAT1, Promotes Glioblastoma Progression Through Transducing IL-6/gp130 Signaling to Activate STAT3 Signaling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:606527. [PMID: 33937225 PMCID: PMC8080264 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.606527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive brain tumor in adults. The aberrant activation of STAT3 commonly occurs in GBM and is a key player in GBM tumorigenesis. Yet, the aberrant activation of STAT3 signaling is not fully understood. Here, we report that SH2B adaptor protein 3 (SH2B3) is highly expressed in GBM and preferentially expressed in GBM stem cells (GSCs). Moreover, SH2B3 high expression predicts worse survival of GBM patients. Targeting SH2B3 considerably impairs GBM cell proliferation, migration, and GSCs' self-renewal in vitro as well as xenograft tumors growth in vivo. Additionally, we provide evidence suggesting that STAT1 directly binds to the promoter of SH2B3 and activates SH2B3 expression in the transcriptional level. Functionally, SH2B3 facilitates GBM progression via physically interacting with gp130 and acting as an adaptor protein to transduce IL-6/gp130/STAT3 signaling. Together, our work firstly uncovers that the STAT1/SH2B3/gp130/STAT3 signaling axis plays critical roles in promoting GBM progression and provides insight into new prognosis marker and therapeutic target in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Xiang-peng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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53
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Bi L, Ma T, Li X, Wei L, Liu Z, Feng B, Dong B, Chen X. New progress in the study of germline susceptibility genes of myeloid neoplasms. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:317. [PMID: 33692849 PMCID: PMC7933751 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2016, the World Health Organization incorporated ‘myeloid neoplasms with germline predisposition’ into its classification of tumors of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues, revealing the important role of germline mutations in certain myeloid neoplasms, particularly myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia. The awareness of germline susceptibility has increased, and some patients with myeloid neoplasms present with a preexisting disorder or organ dysfunction. In such cases, mutations in genes including CCAAT enhancer binding protein α (CEBPA), DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 41 (DDX41), RUNX family transcription factor 1 (RUNX1), GATA binding protein 2 (GATA2), Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and ETS variant transcription factor 6 (ETV6) have been recognized. Moreover, with the application of advanced technologies and reports of more cases, additional germline mutations associated with myeloid neoplasms have been identified and provide insights into the formation, prognosis and therapy of myeloid neoplasms. The present review discusses the well-known CEBPA, DDX41, RUNX1, GATA2, JAK2 and ETV6 germline mutations, and other mutations including those of lymphocyte adapter protein/SH2B adapter protein 3 and duplications of autophagy related 2B, GSK3B interacting protein αnd RB binding protein 6, ubiquitin ligase, that remain to be confirmed or explored. Recommendations for the management of diseases associated with germline mutations are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Bi
- Department of Hematology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Tianyuan Ma
- Department of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Xu Li
- College of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Lai Wei
- College of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Zinuo Liu
- College of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Bingyue Feng
- College of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Baoxia Dong
- Department of Hematology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Xiequn Chen
- Department of Hematology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China.,Hematology and Oncology Center, Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University and Xian No. 3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710082, P.R. China
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54
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Yang R, Liu Y, Cheng Y, Wang C, Song J, Lu G, Feng T, Wang S, Sun X, Meng J, Hao L. Effects and Molecular Mechanism of Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms of MEG3 on Porcine Skeletal Muscle Development. Front Genet 2021; 12:607910. [PMID: 33692824 PMCID: PMC7937967 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.607910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) is a long non-coding RNA that is a crucial regulator of skeletal muscle development. Some single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) mutants in MEG3 had strong associations with meat quality traits. Nevertheless, the function and mechanism of MEG3 mutants on porcine skeletal muscle development have not yet been well-demonstrated. In this study, eight SNPs were identified in MEG3 of fat- and lean-type pig breeds. Four of these SNPs (g.3087C > T, g.3108C > T, g.3398C > T, and g.3971A > C) were significantly associated with meat quality and consisted of the CCCA haplotype for fat-type pigs and the TTCC haplotype for lean-type pigs. Quantitative real-time PCR results showed that the expression of MEG3-TTCC was higher than that of MEG3-CCCA in transcription level (P < 0.01). The stability assay showed that the lncRNA stability of MEG3-TTCC was lower than that of MEG3-CCCA (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the results of qRT-PCR, Western blot, and Cell Counting Kit-8 assays demonstrated that the overexpression of MEG3-TTCC more significantly inhibited the proliferation of porcine skeletal muscle satellite cells (SCs) than that of MEG3-CCCA (P < 0.05). Moreover, the overexpression of MEG3-TTCC more significantly promoted the differentiation of SCs than that of MEG3-CCCA (P < 0.05). The Western blot assay suggested that the overexpression of MEG3-TTCC and MEG3-CCCA inhibited the proliferation of SCs by inhibiting PI3K/AKT and MAPK/ERK1/2 signaling pathways. The overexpression of the two haplotypes also promoted the differentiation of SCs by activating the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in different degrees. These data are valuable for further studies on understanding the crucial role of lncRNAs in skeletal muscle development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yinuo Liu
- Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou, China
| | - Yunyun Cheng
- College of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chunli Wang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jie Song
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Guanhong Lu
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tianqi Feng
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Siyao Wang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaotong Sun
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jilun Meng
- Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou, China
| | - Linlin Hao
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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55
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Kuo CL, Joaquim M, Kuchel GA, Ferrucci L, Harries LW, Pilling LC, Melzer D. The Longevity-Associated SH2B3 (LNK) Genetic Variant: Selected Aging Phenotypes in 379,758 Subjects. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 75:1656-1662. [PMID: 31428775 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glz191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human SH2B3 is involved in growth factor and inflammation signaling. A SH2B3 missense variant (rs3184504) is associated with cardiovascular diseases plus breast, colorectal, and lung cancers, with highly correlated variants across the ATXN2/SH2B3/BRAP locus linked to parental age at death, suggesting a geroscience common mechanism of aging and disease. To better understand the SH2B3-related aging pathway and its potential as an intervention target, we undertook a phenotype-wide association study (PheWAS) of 52 aging traits. Data were obtained from 379,758 European-descent UK Biobank participants, aged 40-70 at baseline: 27% of participants were CC homozygotes and 23% TT at rs3184504. Parental extreme longevity (mothers aged ≥98 years, fathers aged ≥96 years) was more common in CC versus TT (odds ratio [OR] = 1.18, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07 to 1.29) with an additive per allele effect. The C allele associated with better cognitive function and white blood cell counts were more likely to be normal. The C allele reduced risks of coronary heart disease (OR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.93 to 0.96) but was also associated with a modestly higher cancer rate (OR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.02 to 1.04), suggesting a trade-off across aging outcomes and limiting its potential as an anti-aging target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Ling Kuo
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington
| | | | - George A Kuchel
- Center on Aging, University of Connecticut Health School of Medicine, Farmington
| | | | | | - Luke C Pilling
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, UK.,Center on Aging, University of Connecticut Health School of Medicine, Farmington
| | - David Melzer
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, UK.,Center on Aging, University of Connecticut Health School of Medicine, Farmington
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56
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Trottier AM, Godley LA. Inherited predisposition to haematopoietic malignancies: overcoming barriers and exploring opportunities. Br J Haematol 2020; 194:663-676. [PMID: 33615436 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.17247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Inherited predisposition to haematopoietic malignancies, due to deleterious germline variants in a variety of genes, is an important clinical entity with implications for the health and management of patients and their family members. Unfortunately, there remain several common misconceptions in this field that can result in patients going unrecognised and/or having incomplete or improper testing including: the impression that inherited haematological malignancy syndromes are rare, that myeloid and lymphoid malignancy predisposition syndromes are mutually exclusive, and that solid tumour predisposition syndromes are unique and distinct from haematopoietic malignancy predisposition syndromes. In the present review, we challenge these ideas with our insights into germline genetic testing for these conditions with the hope that increased awareness and knowledge will overcome barriers and lead to improved diagnosis and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy M Trottier
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, QEII Health Sciences Centre/Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Lucy A Godley
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Departments of Medicine and Human Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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57
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Loscocco GG, Guglielmelli P, Vannucchi AM. Impact of Mutational Profile on the Management of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: A Short Review of the Emerging Data. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:12367-12382. [PMID: 33293830 PMCID: PMC7718985 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s287944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Philadelphia-chromosome negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are a heterogeneous group of clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders characterized by an increased risk of thrombosis and progression to acute myeloid leukemia. MPN are associated with driver mutations in JAK2, CALR and MPL which are crucial for the diagnosis and lead to a constitutive activation of the JAK-STAT signaling, independent of cytokine regulation. Moreover, most patients have concomitant mutations in genes involved in DNA methylation, chromatin modification, messenger RNA splicing, transcription regulation and signal transduction. These additional mutations may arise before, in the context of clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP), or after the acquisition of the driver mutation. The clinical phenotype of MPN results from complex interactions between mutations and host factors. The increased application of next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques to a large series of patients with MPN has expanded the knowledge of mutational landscape and contributed to define the clinical significance of mutations. This molecular information is being increasingly used to refine diagnosis, risk stratification, monitoring of residual disease and response to treatment. ASXL1, SRSF2, EZH2, IDH1/IDH2 and U2AF1 mutations are associated with a more advanced disease and reduced overall survival in primary myelofibrosis (PMF), whereas spliceosome mutations in Polycythemia vera (PV) and essential thrombocythemia (ET) adversely affect both overall (SF3B1, SRSF2 in ET and SRSF2 in PV) and myelofibrosis-free (U2AF1, SF3B1 in ET) survival. This review discusses current knowledge of the molecular landscape of MPN, and how the availability of those molecular information may impact patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe G Loscocco
- CRIMM, Centro di Ricerca e Innovazione per le Malattie Mieloproliferative, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Paola Guglielmelli
- CRIMM, Centro di Ricerca e Innovazione per le Malattie Mieloproliferative, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandro M Vannucchi
- CRIMM, Centro di Ricerca e Innovazione per le Malattie Mieloproliferative, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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58
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Competitive sgRNA Screen Identifies p38 MAPK as a Druggable Target to Improve HSPC Engraftment. Cells 2020; 9:cells9102194. [PMID: 33003308 PMCID: PMC7600420 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous gene therapy trials for X-linked chronic granulomatous disease (X-CGD) lacked long-term engraftment of corrected hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Chronic inflammation and high levels of interleukin-1 beta (IL1B) might have caused aberrant cell cycling in X-CGD HSPCs with a concurrent loss of their long-term repopulating potential. Thus, we performed a targeted CRISPR-Cas9-based sgRNA screen to identify candidate genes that counteract the decreased repopulating capacity of HSPCs during gene therapy. The candidates were validated in a competitive transplantation assay and tested in a disease context using IL1B-challenged or X-CGD HSPCs. The sgRNA screen identified Mapk14 (p38) as a potential target to increase HSPC engraftment. Knockout of p38 prior to transplantation was sufficient to induce a selective advantage. Inhibition of p38 increased expression of the HSC homing factor CXCR4 and reduced apoptosis and proliferation in HSPCs. For potential clinical translation, treatment of IL1B-challenged or X-CGD HSPCs with a p38 inhibitor led to a 1.5-fold increase of donor cell engraftment. In summary, our findings demonstrate that p38 may serve as a potential druggable target to restore engraftment of HSPCs in the context of X-CGD gene therapy.
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Abstract
Cancer therapies can lead to a broad spectrum of cardiovascular complications. Among these, cardiotoxicities remain of prime concern, but vascular toxicities have emerged as the second most common group. The range of cancer therapies with a vascular toxicity profile and the clinical spectrum of vascular toxic effects are quite broad. Historically, venous thromboembolism has received the greatest attention but, over the past decade, the arterial toxic effects, which can present as acute vasospasm, acute thrombosis and accelerated atherosclerosis, of cancer therapies have gained greater recognition. This Review focuses on these types of cancer therapy-related arterial toxicity, including their mechanisms, and provides an update on venous thromboembolism and pulmonary hypertension associated with cancer therapies. Recommendations for the screening, treatment and prevention of vascular toxic effects of cancer therapies are outlined in the context of available evidence and society guidelines and consensus statements. The shift towards greater awareness of the vascular toxic effects of cancer therapies has further unveiled the urgent needs in this area in terms of defining best clinical practices. Well-designed and well-conducted clinical studies and registries are needed to more precisely define the incidence rates, risk factors, primary and secondary modes of prevention, and best treatment modalities for vascular toxicities related to cancer therapies. These efforts should be complemented by preclinical studies to outline the pathophysiological concepts that can be translated into the clinic and to identify drugs with vascular toxicity potential even before their widespread clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joerg Herrmann
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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60
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Diabetes is a spectrum of clinical manifestations, including latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA). However, it has been questioned whether LADA exists or simply is a group of misclassified type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients. This review will provide an updated overview of the genetics of LADA, highlight what genetics tell us about LADA as a diabetes subtype, and point to future directions in the study of LADA. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies have verified the genetic overlap between LADA and both T1D and T2D and have contributed identification of a novel LADA-specific locus, namely, PFKFB3, and subtype-specific signatures in the HLA region. Genetic risk scores comprising T1D-risk variants have been shown to be a promising tool for discriminating diabetes subtypes and identifying patients rapidly progressing to insulin dependence. Genetic data support the existence of LADA, but further studies are needed to fully determine the place of LADA in the diabetes spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette K Andersen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, DK-2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark.
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61
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SH2B3 (LNK) rs3184504 polymorphism is correlated with JAK2 V617F-positive myeloproliferative neoplasms. REV ROMANA MED LAB 2020. [DOI: 10.2478/rrlm-2020-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Pathogenesis and phenotypic diversity in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) cannot be fully explained by the currently known acquired mutations alone. Some susceptible germline variants of different genes have been proved to be associated with the development of these diseases. The goal of our study was to evaluate the association between the rs3184504 polymorphism of SH2B3 (LNK) gene (p.R262W, c.784T>C) and the risk of developing the four typical MPN - polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET), primary myelofibrosis (PMF), and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML).
Material and methods: We investigated the SH2B3 rs3184504 T>C polymorphism by real-time PCR in 1901 MPN patients (575 with PV, 798 with ET, 251 with PMF, and 277 with CML), all of them harboring one of the specific driver mutations - JAK2 V617F or CALR in case of PV, ET and PMF, or BCR-ABL1 in case of CML, and 359 controls.
Results: Overall, the TT homozygous genotype was significantly associated with BCR-ABL1-negative MPN (OR = 1.34; 95% CI = 1.03-1.74; crude p-value = 0.02; adjusted p-value = 0.04). The most significant association was seen in case of PV (OR = 1.54; 95% CI = 1.14-2.06; crude p-value = 0.004; adjusted p-value = 0.024). Also, SH2B3 rs3184504 correlated significantly with JAK2 V617F-positive MPN (OR = 1.36; 95% CI = 1.04-1.77; crude p-value = 0.02; adjusted p-value = 0.08), but not with those CALR-positive. ET (regardless of molecular subtype) and CML were not correlated with SH2B3 rs3184504.
Conclusions: The SH2B3 rs3184504 polymorphism is associated with risk of MPN development, especially PV. This effect is restricted to JAK2 V617F-positive PV and PMF only.
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Palomero L, Galván-Femenía I, de Cid R, Espín R, Barnes DR, Cimba, Blommaert E, Gil-Gil M, Falo C, Stradella A, Ouchi D, Roso-Llorach A, Violan C, Peña-Chilet M, Dopazo J, Extremera AI, García-Valero M, Herranz C, Mateo F, Mereu E, Beesley J, Chenevix-Trench G, Roux C, Mak T, Brunet J, Hakem R, Gorrini C, Antoniou AC, Lázaro C, Pujana MA. Immune Cell Associations with Cancer Risk. iScience 2020; 23:101296. [PMID: 32622267 PMCID: PMC7334419 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Proper immune system function hinders cancer development, but little is known about whether genetic variants linked to cancer risk alter immune cells. Here, we report 57 cancer risk loci associated with differences in immune and/or stromal cell contents in the corresponding tissue. Predicted target genes show expression and regulatory associations with immune features. Polygenic risk scores also reveal associations with immune and/or stromal cell contents, and breast cancer scores show consistent results in normal and tumor tissue. SH2B3 links peripheral alterations of several immune cell types to the risk of this malignancy. Pleiotropic SH2B3 variants are associated with breast cancer risk in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers. A retrospective case-cohort study indicates a positive association between blood counts of basophils, leukocytes, and monocytes and age at breast cancer diagnosis. These findings broaden our knowledge of the role of the immune system in cancer and highlight promising prevention strategies for individuals at high risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Palomero
- ProCURE, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia 08908, Spain
| | - Ivan Galván-Femenía
- GCAT-Genomes for Life, Germans Trias i Pujol Health Sciences Research Institute (IGTP), Program for Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer (IMPPC), Badalona, Catalonia 08916, Spain
| | - Rafael de Cid
- GCAT-Genomes for Life, Germans Trias i Pujol Health Sciences Research Institute (IGTP), Program for Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer (IMPPC), Badalona, Catalonia 08916, Spain
| | - Roderic Espín
- ProCURE, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia 08908, Spain
| | - Daniel R Barnes
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Cimba
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Eline Blommaert
- ProCURE, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia 08908, Spain
| | - Miguel Gil-Gil
- Department of Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia 08908, Spain
| | - Catalina Falo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia 08908, Spain
| | - Agostina Stradella
- Department of Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia 08908, Spain
| | - Dan Ouchi
- Jordi Gol University Institute for Research Primary Healthcare (IDIAP Jordi Gol), Barcelona, Catalonia 08007, Spain; Autonomous University of Barcelona, Bellaterra, Catalonia 08913, Spain
| | - Albert Roso-Llorach
- Jordi Gol University Institute for Research Primary Healthcare (IDIAP Jordi Gol), Barcelona, Catalonia 08007, Spain; Autonomous University of Barcelona, Bellaterra, Catalonia 08913, Spain
| | - Concepció Violan
- Jordi Gol University Institute for Research Primary Healthcare (IDIAP Jordi Gol), Barcelona, Catalonia 08007, Spain; Autonomous University of Barcelona, Bellaterra, Catalonia 08913, Spain
| | - María Peña-Chilet
- Clinical Bioinformatics Area, Fundación Progreso y Salud (FPS), Bioinformatics in Rare Diseases (BiER), CIBERER, INB-ELIXIR-es, Hospital Virgen del Rocío, Seville 41013, Spain
| | - Joaquín Dopazo
- Clinical Bioinformatics Area, Fundación Progreso y Salud (FPS), Bioinformatics in Rare Diseases (BiER), CIBERER, INB-ELIXIR-es, Hospital Virgen del Rocío, Seville 41013, Spain
| | - Ana Isabel Extremera
- ProCURE, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia 08908, Spain
| | - Mar García-Valero
- ProCURE, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia 08908, Spain
| | - Carmen Herranz
- ProCURE, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia 08908, Spain
| | - Francesca Mateo
- ProCURE, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia 08908, Spain
| | - Elisabetta Mereu
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Catalonia 08003, Spain
| | - Jonathan Beesley
- Cancer Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | | | - Cecilia Roux
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, The Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Tak Mak
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, The Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Joan Brunet
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Biomedical Research Institute of Girona (IDIBGI), Girona, Catalonia 17190, Spain
| | - Razq Hakem
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Department of Medical Biophysics, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Chiara Gorrini
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, The Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Antonis C Antoniou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK.
| | - Conxi Lázaro
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Oncobell, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia 08908, and Spanish Biomedical Research Network Centre in Oncology (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain.
| | - Miquel Angel Pujana
- ProCURE, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia 08908, Spain.
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63
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Veninga A, De Simone I, Heemskerk JWM, Cate HT, van der Meijden PEJ. Clonal hematopoietic mutations linked to platelet traits and the risk of thrombosis or bleeding. Haematologica 2020; 105:2020-2031. [PMID: 32554558 PMCID: PMC7395290 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.235994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are key elements in thrombosis, particularly in atherosclerosis-associated arterial thrombosis (atherothrombosis), and hemostasis. Megakaryocytes in the bone marrow, differentiated from hematopoietic stem cells are generally considered as a uniform source of platelets. However, recent insights into the causes of malignancies, including essential thrombocytosis, indicate that not only inherited but also somatic mutations in hematopoietic cells are linked to quantitative or qualitative platelet abnormalities. In particular cases, these form the basis of thrombo-hemorrhagic complications regularly observed in patient groups. This has led to the concept of clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP), defined as somatic mutations caused by clonal expansion of mutant hematopoietic cells without evident disease. This concept also provides clues regarding the importance of platelet function in relation to cardiovascular disease. In this summative review, we present an overview of genes associated with clonal hematopoiesis and altered platelet production and/or functionality, like mutations in JAK2 We consider how reported CHIP genes can influence the risk of cardiovascular disease, by exploring the consequences for platelet function related to (athero)thrombosis, or the risk of bleeding. More insight into the functional consequences of the CHIP mutations may favor personalized risk assessment, not only with regard to malignancies but also in relation to thrombotic vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Veninga
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht
| | - Ilaria De Simone
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht
| | - Johan W M Heemskerk
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht
| | - Hugo Ten Cate
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht.,Thrombosis Expertise Center, Heart and Vascular Center, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht.,Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Paola E J van der Meijden
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht .,Thrombosis Expertise Center, Heart and Vascular Center, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht
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64
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Hashimoto M, Itonaga H, Nannya Y, Taniguchi H, Fukuda Y, Furumoto T, Fujioka M, Kasai S, Taguchi M, Taniguchi H, Sato S, Sawayama Y, Atogami S, Iwasaki K, Hata T, Soda H, Moriuchi Y, Nakata K, Ogawa S, Miyazaki Y. Secondary Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis Following Treatment with Azacitidine for Myelodysplastic Syndrome. Intern Med 2020; 59:1081-1086. [PMID: 31875636 PMCID: PMC7205539 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.3770-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Secondary pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (sPAP) is a complication of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). A 60-year-old woman was diagnosed with MDS with excess blasts-1. Fifty-four months after the initial diagnosis, treatment with azacitidine was initiated. Seventy-three months after the diagnosis, a bone marrow examination revealed increased myeloblasts, at which time computed tomography showed diffuse ground-glass opacities and interlobular septal thickening in the bilateral lower lung fields. A lung biopsy revealed the presence of PAP; therefore, the clinical diagnosis of MDS/sPAP was confirmed. Careful attention should be paid to the development of sPAP in MDS patients with pulmonary lesions during azacitidine treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki Hashimoto
- Department of Hematology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Itonaga
- Department of Hematology, Atomic Bomb Disease and Hibakusha Medicine Unit, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Nannya
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Taniguchi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Yuichi Fukuda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sasebo City General Hospital, Japan
| | | | - Machiko Fujioka
- Department of Hematology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
- Department of Hematology, Nagasaki University Hospital, Japan
| | - Sachie Kasai
- Department of Hematology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | | | | | - Shinya Sato
- Department of Hematology, Nagasaki University Hospital, Japan
| | | | - Sunao Atogami
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sasebo City General Hospital, Japan
| | - Keisuke Iwasaki
- Department of Pathology, Sasebo City General Hospital, Japan
| | - Tomoko Hata
- Department of Hematology, Atomic Bomb Disease and Hibakusha Medicine Unit, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Soda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sasebo City General Hospital, Japan
| | | | - Koh Nakata
- Bioscience Medical Research Center, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Japan
| | - Seishi Ogawa
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Yasushi Miyazaki
- Department of Hematology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
- Department of Hematology, Atomic Bomb Disease and Hibakusha Medicine Unit, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Japan
- Department of Hematology, Nagasaki University Hospital, Japan
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65
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Rio-Machin A, Vulliamy T, Hug N, Walne A, Tawana K, Cardoso S, Ellison A, Pontikos N, Wang J, Tummala H, Al Seraihi AFH, Alnajar J, Bewicke-Copley F, Armes H, Barnett M, Bloor A, Bödör C, Bowen D, Fenaux P, Green A, Hallahan A, Hjorth-Hansen H, Hossain U, Killick S, Lawson S, Layton M, Male AM, Marsh J, Mehta P, Mous R, Nomdedéu JF, Owen C, Pavlu J, Payne EM, Protheroe RE, Preudhomme C, Pujol-Moix N, Renneville A, Russell N, Saggar A, Sciuccati G, Taussig D, Toze CL, Uyttebroeck A, Vandenberghe P, Schlegelberger B, Ripperger T, Steinemann D, Wu J, Mason J, Page P, Akiki S, Reay K, Cavenagh JD, Plagnol V, Caceres JF, Fitzgibbon J, Dokal I. The complex genetic landscape of familial MDS and AML reveals pathogenic germline variants. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1044. [PMID: 32098966 PMCID: PMC7042299 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14829-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The inclusion of familial myeloid malignancies as a separate disease entity in the revised WHO classification has renewed efforts to improve the recognition and management of this group of at risk individuals. Here we report a cohort of 86 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) families with 49 harboring germline variants in 16 previously defined loci (57%). Whole exome sequencing in a further 37 uncharacterized families (43%) allowed us to rationalize 65 new candidate loci, including genes mutated in rare hematological syndromes (ADA, GP6, IL17RA, PRF1 and SEC23B), reported in prior MDS/AML or inherited bone marrow failure series (DNAH9, NAPRT1 and SH2B3) or variants at novel loci (DHX34) that appear specific to inherited forms of myeloid malignancies. Altogether, our series of MDS/AML families offer novel insights into the etiology of myeloid malignancies and provide a framework to prioritize variants for inclusion into routine diagnostics and patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rio-Machin
- Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
| | - Tom Vulliamy
- Centre for Genomics and Child Health, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
| | - Nele Hug
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Amanda Walne
- Centre for Genomics and Child Health, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Kiran Tawana
- Department of Haematology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Shirleny Cardoso
- Centre for Genomics and Child Health, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Alicia Ellison
- Centre for Genomics and Child Health, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Nikolas Pontikos
- Centre for Genomics and Child Health, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Jun Wang
- Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Hemanth Tummala
- Centre for Genomics and Child Health, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Ahad Fahad H Al Seraihi
- Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Jenna Alnajar
- Centre for Genomics and Child Health, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Findlay Bewicke-Copley
- Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Hannah Armes
- Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Michael Barnett
- The Leukemia/BMT Program of British Columbia, Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Adrian Bloor
- Department of Haematology, Christie Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Csaba Bödör
- MTA-SE Lendulet Molecular Oncohematology Research Group, 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - David Bowen
- Department of Haematology, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Pierre Fenaux
- Service d'hématologie Séniors, Hôpital St Louis/Université Paris, Paris, France
| | - Andrew Green
- National Centre for Medical Genetics, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Andrew Hallahan
- Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Queensland Children's Hospital, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Henrik Hjorth-Hansen
- Department of Hematology, St Olavs Hospital and Institute of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine (IKM) Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Upal Hossain
- Department of Haematology, Whipps Cross Hospital, Barts NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Sally Killick
- Department of Haematology, The Royal Bournemouth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Bournemouth, UK
| | - Sarah Lawson
- Department of Haematology, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Mark Layton
- Centre for Haematology, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Alison M Male
- Clinic Genetics Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - Judith Marsh
- Department of Haematological Medicine, Haematology Institute, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - Priyanka Mehta
- Bristol Haematology Unit, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Rogier Mous
- UMC Utrecht Cancer Center, Universitair Medisch Centrum Utrecht, Huispostnummer, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Josep F Nomdedéu
- Laboratori d´Hematologia, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carolyn Owen
- Division of Hematology and Hematological Malignancies, Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jiri Pavlu
- Centre for Haematology, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Elspeth M Payne
- Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Rachel E Protheroe
- Bristol Haematology Unit, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Claude Preudhomme
- Laboratory of Hematology, Biology and Pathology Center, Centre Hospitalier Regional Universitaire de Lille, Lille, France
- Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Center, INSERM, Universitaire de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Nuria Pujol-Moix
- Laboratori d´Hematologia, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Nigel Russell
- Centre for Clinical Haematology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Anand Saggar
- Clinical Genetics, St George's Hospital Medical School, London, UK
| | - Gabriela Sciuccati
- Servicio de Hematologia y Oncologia, Hospital de Pediatría "Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan", Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - David Taussig
- Haemato-oncology Department, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, UK
| | - Cynthia L Toze
- The Leukemia/BMT Program of British Columbia, Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Anne Uyttebroeck
- Department of Hematology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | - Tim Ripperger
- Institut für Humangenetik, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Doris Steinemann
- Institut für Humangenetik, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - John Wu
- British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Joanne Mason
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Laboratory, Birmingham Women's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Paula Page
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Laboratory, Birmingham Women's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Susanna Akiki
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, Qatar Rehabilitation Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa Medical City (HBKM), Doha, Qatar
| | - Kim Reay
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Laboratory, Birmingham Women's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jamie D Cavenagh
- Department of Haematology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts NHS Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Javier F Caceres
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jude Fitzgibbon
- Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
| | - Inderjeet Dokal
- Centre for Genomics and Child Health, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
- Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK.
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66
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Transcriptional Regulation of Genes by Ikaros Tumor Suppressor in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041377. [PMID: 32085659 PMCID: PMC7073093 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulation of oncogenic gene expression by transcription factors that function as tumor suppressors is one of the major mechanisms that regulate leukemogenesis. Understanding this complex process is essential for explaining the pathogenesis of leukemia as well as developing targeted therapies. Here, we provide an overview of the role of Ikaros tumor suppressor and its role in regulation of gene transcription in acute leukemia. Ikaros (IKZF1) is a DNA-binding protein that functions as a master regulator of hematopoiesis and the immune system, as well as a tumor suppressor in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Genetic alteration or functional inactivation of Ikaros results in the development of high-risk leukemia. Ikaros binds to the specific consensus binding motif at upstream regulatory elements of its target genes, recruits chromatin-remodeling complexes and activates or represses transcription via chromatin remodeling. Over the last twenty years, a large number of Ikaros target genes have been identified, and the role of Ikaros in the regulation of their expression provided insight into the mechanisms of Ikaros tumor suppressor function in leukemia. Here we summarize the role of Ikaros in the regulation of the expression of the genes whose function is critical for cellular proliferation, development, and progression of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
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67
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Abstract
The past two centuries have witnessed an unprecedented rise in human life expectancy. Sustaining longer lives with reduced periods of disability will require an understanding of the underlying mechanisms of ageing, and genetics is a powerful tool for identifying these mechanisms. Large-scale genome-wide association studies have recently identified many loci that influence key human ageing traits, including lifespan. Multi-trait loci have been linked with several age-related diseases, suggesting shared ageing influences. Mutations that drive accelerated ageing in prototypical progeria syndromes in humans point to an important role for genome maintenance and stability. Together, these different strands of genetic research are highlighting pathways for the discovery of anti-ageing interventions that may be applicable in humans.
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68
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Aguilera-Diaz A, Vazquez I, Ariceta B, Mañú A, Blasco-Iturri Z, Palomino-Echeverría S, Larrayoz MJ, García-Sanz R, Prieto-Conde MI, del Carmen Chillón M, Alfonso-Pierola A, Prosper F, Fernandez-Mercado M, Calasanz MJ. Assessment of the clinical utility of four NGS panels in myeloid malignancies. Suggestions for NGS panel choice or design. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227986. [PMID: 31978184 PMCID: PMC6980571 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The diagnosis of myeloid neoplasms (MN) has significantly evolved through the last few decades. Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) is gradually becoming an essential tool to help clinicians with disease management. To this end, most specialized genetic laboratories have implemented NGS panels targeting a number of different genes relevant to MN. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the performance of four different targeted NGS gene panels based on their technical features and clinical utility. A total of 32 patient bone marrow samples were accrued and sequenced with 3 commercially available panels and 1 custom panel. Variants were classified by two geneticists based on their clinical relevance in MN. There was a difference in panel’s depth of coverage. We found 11 discordant clinically relevant variants between panels, with a trend to miss long insertions. Our data show that there is a high risk of finding different mutations depending on the panel of choice, due both to the panel design and the data analysis method. Of note, CEBPA, CALR and FLT3 genes, remains challenging the use of NGS for diagnosis of MN in compliance with current guidelines. Therefore, conventional molecular testing might need to be kept in place for the correct diagnosis of MN for now.
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Affiliation(s)
- Almudena Aguilera-Diaz
- Advanced Genomics Laboratory, Hemato-Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Iria Vazquez
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Hematological Diseases Laboratory, CIMA LAB Diagnostics, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Beñat Ariceta
- Hematological Diseases Laboratory, CIMA LAB Diagnostics, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Amagoia Mañú
- Hematological Diseases Laboratory, CIMA LAB Diagnostics, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Zuriñe Blasco-Iturri
- Hematological Diseases Laboratory, CIMA LAB Diagnostics, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - María José Larrayoz
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Hematological Diseases Laboratory, CIMA LAB Diagnostics, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ramón García-Sanz
- Hematology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, IBSAL and CIBERONC, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | | | - Ana Alfonso-Pierola
- Hematology Department, Clinica Universidad de Navarra (CUN), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Felipe Prosper
- Advanced Genomics Laboratory, Hemato-Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Hematology Department, Clinica Universidad de Navarra (CUN), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Marta Fernandez-Mercado
- Advanced Genomics Laboratory, Hemato-Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Hematological Diseases Laboratory, CIMA LAB Diagnostics, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Engineering, University of Navarra, San Sebastian, Spain
- * E-mail: ,
| | - María José Calasanz
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Hematological Diseases Laboratory, CIMA LAB Diagnostics, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Scientific Co-Director of CIMA LAB Diagnostics, CIMA LAB Diagnostics, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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69
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Zhong ZM, Chen X, Qi X, Wang XM, Li CY, Qin RJ, Wang SQ, Liang J, Zeng MS, Sun CZ. Adaptor protein LNK promotes anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cell growth via 14-3-3 ε/γ binding. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:11. [PMID: 31938019 PMCID: PMC6953139 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-1090-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Rapid progression contributes to treatment failure in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) patients. In a preliminary study, we demonstrated that some hematopoietic factors may be involved in the progression of ATC. The adaptor protein LNK, which is a negative regulator of hematopoietic cytokine signalling, has been studied extensively in malignant hematopoietic cells. However, there are few studies on LNK in solid tumours. Methods Real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blot analysis of LNK were performed on ATC cells, differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) cells and normal thyroid cells. In vitro assays (including pull-down, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC–MS), co-IP, MTT and colony formation) were performed to validate the effect of LNK on ATC progression and elucidate the molecular mechanisms. Results Compared with DTC cells and normal thyroid cells, ATC cells exhibit overexpression of LNK. In addition, LNK overexpression results in increased proliferation of ATC cells. Conversely, LNK knockdown significantly suppresses ATC cell proliferation. LC–MS identified the 14-3-3 ε/γ protein as a LNK binding partner. Finally, the results indicate that LNK overexpression significantly enhances the anti-apoptotic ability of ATC cells via the Akt-NFκB-Bcl-2/Bcl-xL pathway and that the oncogenic effect of LNK largely depends on 14-3-3 ε/γ binding. Conclusions The present study elucidated the important role of LNK in the growth of ATC opposite to its behaviour in the hematopoietic system and indicates that LNK is a potential target for the treatment of ATC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Ming Zhong
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery Section II, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University/Yunnan Cancer Hospital, 519 Kunzhou Road, Kunming, China.,2Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, China
| | - Xue Chen
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery Section II, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University/Yunnan Cancer Hospital, 519 Kunzhou Road, Kunming, China
| | - Xiao Qi
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery Section II, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University/Yunnan Cancer Hospital, 519 Kunzhou Road, Kunming, China
| | - Xue-Min Wang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery Section II, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University/Yunnan Cancer Hospital, 519 Kunzhou Road, Kunming, China
| | - Chun-Yan Li
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery Section II, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University/Yunnan Cancer Hospital, 519 Kunzhou Road, Kunming, China
| | - Ru-Jia Qin
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery Section II, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University/Yunnan Cancer Hospital, 519 Kunzhou Road, Kunming, China
| | - Shi-Qi Wang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery Section II, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University/Yunnan Cancer Hospital, 519 Kunzhou Road, Kunming, China
| | - Jin Liang
- 2Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, China
| | - Mu-Sheng Zeng
- 3State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuan-Zheng Sun
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery Section II, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University/Yunnan Cancer Hospital, 519 Kunzhou Road, Kunming, China
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70
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Pan J, Peng R, Cheng N, Chen F, Gao B. LNK protein: Low expression in human colorectal carcinoma and relationship with tumor invasion. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 121:109467. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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71
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Coltro G, Lasho TL, Finke CM, Gangat N, Pardanani A, Tefferi A, Jevremovic D, Altman JK, Patnaik MM. Germline SH2B3 pathogenic variant associated with myelodysplastic syndrome/myeloproliferative neoplasm with ring sideroblasts and thrombocytosis. Am J Hematol 2019; 94:E231-E234. [PMID: 31173385 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.25552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Coltro
- Division of Hematology, Department of MedicineMayo Clinic Rochester Minnesota
| | - Terra L. Lasho
- Division of Hematology, Department of MedicineMayo Clinic Rochester Minnesota
| | - Christy M. Finke
- Division of Hematology, Department of MedicineMayo Clinic Rochester Minnesota
| | - Naseema Gangat
- Division of Hematology, Department of MedicineMayo Clinic Rochester Minnesota
| | - Animesh Pardanani
- Division of Hematology, Department of MedicineMayo Clinic Rochester Minnesota
| | - Ayalew Tefferi
- Division of Hematology, Department of MedicineMayo Clinic Rochester Minnesota
| | - Dragan Jevremovic
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyMayo Clinic Rochester Minnesota
| | | | - Mrinal M. Patnaik
- Division of Hematology, Department of MedicineMayo Clinic Rochester Minnesota
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72
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van Arensbergen J, Pagie L, FitzPatrick VD, de Haas M, Baltissen MP, Comoglio F, van der Weide RH, Teunissen H, Võsa U, Franke L, de Wit E, Vermeulen M, Bussemaker HJ, van Steensel B. High-throughput identification of human SNPs affecting regulatory element activity. Nat Genet 2019; 51:1160-1169. [PMID: 31253979 PMCID: PMC6609452 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-019-0455-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Most of the millions of SNPs in the human genome are non-coding, and many overlap with putative regulatory elements. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have linked many of these SNPs to human traits or to gene expression levels, but rarely with sufficient resolution to identify the causal SNPs. Functional screens based on reporter assays have previously been of insufficient throughput to test the vast space of SNPs for possible effects on regulatory element activity. Here we leveraged the throughput and resolution of the survey of regulatory elements (SuRE) reporter technology to survey the effect of 5.9 million SNPs, including 57% of the known common SNPs, on enhancer and promoter activity. We identified more than 30,000 SNPs that alter the activity of putative regulatory elements, partially in a cell-type-specific manner. Integration of this dataset with GWAS results may help to pinpoint SNPs that underlie human traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joris van Arensbergen
- Division of Gene Regulation, Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Ludo Pagie
- Division of Gene Regulation, Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Vincent D FitzPatrick
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marcel de Haas
- Division of Gene Regulation, Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marijke P Baltissen
- Department of Molecular Biology, Oncode Institute, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Federico Comoglio
- Division of Gene Regulation, Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Robin H van der Weide
- Division of Gene Regulation, Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hans Teunissen
- Division of Gene Regulation, Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Urmo Võsa
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Lude Franke
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Elzo de Wit
- Division of Gene Regulation, Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michiel Vermeulen
- Department of Molecular Biology, Oncode Institute, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Harmen J Bussemaker
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bas van Steensel
- Division of Gene Regulation, Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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Hammarén HM, Virtanen AT, Raivola J, Silvennoinen O. The regulation of JAKs in cytokine signaling and its breakdown in disease. Cytokine 2019; 118:48-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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74
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Sinclair PB, Ryan S, Bashton M, Hollern S, Hanna R, Case M, Schwalbe EC, Schwab CJ, Cranston RE, Young BD, Irving JAE, Vora AJ, Moorman AV, Harrison CJ. SH2B3 inactivation through CN-LOH 12q is uniquely associated with B-cell precursor ALL with iAMP21 or other chromosome 21 gain. Leukemia 2019; 33:1881-1894. [PMID: 30816328 PMCID: PMC6756024 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-019-0412-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In more than 30% of B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (B-ALL), chromosome 21 sequence is overrepresented through aneuploidy or structural rearrangements, exemplified by intrachromosomal amplification of chromosome 21 (iAMP21). Although frequent, the mechanisms by which these abnormalities promote B-ALL remain obscure. Intriguingly, we found copy number neutral loss of heterozygosity (CN-LOH) of 12q was recurrent in iAMP21-ALL, but never observed in B-ALL without some form of chromosome 21 gain. As a consequence of CN-LOH 12q, mutations or deletions of the adaptor protein, SH2B3, were converted to homozygosity. In patients without CN-LOH 12q, bi-allelic abnormalities of SH2B3 occurred, but only in iAMP21-ALL, giving an overall incidence of 18% in this sub-type. Review of published data confirmed a tight association between overrepresentation of chromosome 21 and both CN-LOH 12q and SH2B3 abnormalities in B-ALL. Despite relatively small patient numbers, preliminary analysis linked 12q abnormalities to poor outcome in iAMP21-ALL (p = 0.03). Homology modelling of a leukaemia-associated SH2 domain mutation and in vitro analysis of patient-derived xenograft cells implicated the JAK/STAT pathway as one likely target for SH2B3 tumour suppressor activity in iAMP21-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul B Sinclair
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK.
| | - Sarra Ryan
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Matthew Bashton
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Shaun Hollern
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Rebecca Hanna
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Marian Case
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Edward C Schwalbe
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Claire J Schwab
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Ruth E Cranston
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Brian D Young
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Julie A E Irving
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Ajay J Vora
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS trust, London, UK
| | - Anthony V Moorman
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Christine J Harrison
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK.
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75
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Reiner AP, Johnson AD. Platelet Genomics. Platelets 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-813456-6.00005-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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76
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BCR/ABL1-negative, triple-negative, myeloproliferative neoplasm with a hitherto undescribed, isolated, SH2B3 (LNK) gene mutation: A case report. HUMAN PATHOLOGY: CASE REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ehpc.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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77
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Olkhovskiy IA, Gorbenko AS, Stolyar MA, Vasiliev EV, Mikhalev MA, Tabakova KA. T784C LNK gene polymorphism and the risk of myeloproliferative disorders. Leuk Lymphoma 2018; 60:277-278. [PMID: 29749755 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2018.1459604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Igor A Olkhovskiy
- a Krasnoyarsk Branch of the "National Research Center for Hematology" , Krasnoyarsk , Russian Federation.,b Federal Research Center Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Krasnoyarsk , Russian Federation
| | - Aleksey S Gorbenko
- a Krasnoyarsk Branch of the "National Research Center for Hematology" , Krasnoyarsk , Russian Federation
| | - Marina A Stolyar
- a Krasnoyarsk Branch of the "National Research Center for Hematology" , Krasnoyarsk , Russian Federation
| | - Evgeniy V Vasiliev
- c Krasnoyarsk Regional Clinic Hospital , Krasnoyarsk , Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail A Mikhalev
- d Krasnoyarsk City Clinical Hospital №7 , Krasnoyarsk , Russian Federation
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Luque Paz D, Boyer F, Beucher A, Bouvier A, Jouanneau-Courville R, Guardiola P, Lambert D, Delneste Y, Hunault M, Blanchet O, Ugo V. Concomitant CALR and LNK mutations leading to essential thrombocythemia with erythrocytosis. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2018; 71:75-76. [PMID: 29703677 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Damien Luque Paz
- CHU Angers, Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Institut de Biologie en Santé, Angers, France; Université d'Angers, UFR Santé, Angers, France; CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Angers, France; Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) GOAL, 'Grand Ouest Against Leukemia', France
| | | | - Annaëlle Beucher
- CHU Angers, Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Institut de Biologie en Santé, Angers, France
| | - Anne Bouvier
- CHU Angers, Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Institut de Biologie en Santé, Angers, France; CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Angers, France; Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) GOAL, 'Grand Ouest Against Leukemia', France
| | - Rebecca Jouanneau-Courville
- CHU Angers, Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Institut de Biologie en Santé, Angers, France; Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) GOAL, 'Grand Ouest Against Leukemia', France
| | - Philippe Guardiola
- Université d'Angers, UFR Santé, Angers, France; CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Angers, France; Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) GOAL, 'Grand Ouest Against Leukemia', France; CHU Angers, Service de Génomique Onco-Hématologique, Angers, France
| | - Diane Lambert
- CHU Angers, Service de Génomique Onco-Hématologique, Angers, France
| | - Yves Delneste
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Mathilde Hunault
- Université d'Angers, UFR Santé, Angers, France; CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Angers, France; Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) GOAL, 'Grand Ouest Against Leukemia', France; CHU Angers, Service des Maladies du Sang, Angers, France
| | - Odile Blanchet
- CHU Angers, Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Institut de Biologie en Santé, Angers, France; Université d'Angers, UFR Santé, Angers, France; CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Angers, France; Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) GOAL, 'Grand Ouest Against Leukemia', France; CHU Angers, Centre de Ressources Biologiques, BB-0033-00038, Angers, France
| | - Valérie Ugo
- CHU Angers, Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Institut de Biologie en Santé, Angers, France; Université d'Angers, UFR Santé, Angers, France; CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Angers, France; Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) GOAL, 'Grand Ouest Against Leukemia', France.
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79
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Bastarache L, Hughey JJ, Hebbring S, Marlo J, Zhao W, Ho WT, Van Driest SL, McGregor TL, Mosley JD, Wells QS, Temple M, Ramirez AH, Carroll R, Osterman T, Edwards T, Ruderfer D, Velez Edwards DR, Hamid R, Cogan J, Glazer A, Wei WQ, Feng Q, Brilliant M, Zhao ZJ, Cox NJ, Roden DM, Denny JC. Phenotype risk scores identify patients with unrecognized Mendelian disease patterns. Science 2018; 359:1233-1239. [PMID: 29590070 PMCID: PMC5959723 DOI: 10.1126/science.aal4043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Genetic association studies often examine features independently, potentially missing subpopulations with multiple phenotypes that share a single cause. We describe an approach that aggregates phenotypes on the basis of patterns described by Mendelian diseases. We mapped the clinical features of 1204 Mendelian diseases into phenotypes captured from the electronic health record (EHR) and summarized this evidence as phenotype risk scores (PheRSs). In an initial validation, PheRS distinguished cases and controls of five Mendelian diseases. Applying PheRS to 21,701 genotyped individuals uncovered 18 associations between rare variants and phenotypes consistent with Mendelian diseases. In 16 patients, the rare genetic variants were associated with severe outcomes such as organ transplants. PheRS can augment rare-variant interpretation and may identify subsets of patients with distinct genetic causes for common diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Bastarache
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jacob J Hughey
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Scott Hebbring
- Center for Human Genetics, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, WI, USA
| | - Joy Marlo
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Wanke Zhao
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Wanting T Ho
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Sara L Van Driest
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Tracy L McGregor
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jonathan D Mosley
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Quinn S Wells
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Michael Temple
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Andrea H Ramirez
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Robert Carroll
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Travis Osterman
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Todd Edwards
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Douglas Ruderfer
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Digna R Velez Edwards
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Rizwan Hamid
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Joy Cogan
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Andrew Glazer
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Wei-Qi Wei
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - QiPing Feng
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Murray Brilliant
- Center for Human Genetics, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, WI, USA
| | - Zhizhuang J Zhao
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Nancy J Cox
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Dan M Roden
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Joshua C Denny
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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Zmajkovic J, Lundberg P, Nienhold R, Torgersen ML, Sundan A, Waage A, Skoda RC. A Gain-of-Function Mutation in EPO in Familial Erythrocytosis. N Engl J Med 2018. [PMID: 29514032 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1709064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Familial erythrocytosis with elevated erythropoietin levels is frequently caused by mutations in genes that regulate oxygen-dependent transcription of the gene encoding erythropoietin ( EPO). We identified a mutation in EPO that cosegregated with disease with a logarithm of the odds (LOD) score of 3.3 in a family with autosomal dominant erythrocytosis. This mutation, a single-nucleotide deletion (c.32delG), introduces a frameshift in exon 2 that interrupts translation of the main EPO messenger RNA (mRNA) transcript but initiates excess production of erythropoietin from what is normally a noncoding EPO mRNA transcribed from an alternative promoter located in intron 1. (Funded by the Gebert Rüf Foundation and others.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Zmajkovic
- From the Department of Biomedicine, Experimental Hematology, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel (J.Z., P.L., R.N., R.C.S.), and Diagnostic Hematology, University Hospital Basel (P.L.), Basel, Switzerland; and the Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (M.L.T., A.S., A.W.), and the Department of Hematology, St. Olavs Hospital (A.W.) - both in Trondheim, Norway
| | - Pontus Lundberg
- From the Department of Biomedicine, Experimental Hematology, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel (J.Z., P.L., R.N., R.C.S.), and Diagnostic Hematology, University Hospital Basel (P.L.), Basel, Switzerland; and the Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (M.L.T., A.S., A.W.), and the Department of Hematology, St. Olavs Hospital (A.W.) - both in Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ronny Nienhold
- From the Department of Biomedicine, Experimental Hematology, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel (J.Z., P.L., R.N., R.C.S.), and Diagnostic Hematology, University Hospital Basel (P.L.), Basel, Switzerland; and the Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (M.L.T., A.S., A.W.), and the Department of Hematology, St. Olavs Hospital (A.W.) - both in Trondheim, Norway
| | - Maria L Torgersen
- From the Department of Biomedicine, Experimental Hematology, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel (J.Z., P.L., R.N., R.C.S.), and Diagnostic Hematology, University Hospital Basel (P.L.), Basel, Switzerland; and the Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (M.L.T., A.S., A.W.), and the Department of Hematology, St. Olavs Hospital (A.W.) - both in Trondheim, Norway
| | - Anders Sundan
- From the Department of Biomedicine, Experimental Hematology, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel (J.Z., P.L., R.N., R.C.S.), and Diagnostic Hematology, University Hospital Basel (P.L.), Basel, Switzerland; and the Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (M.L.T., A.S., A.W.), and the Department of Hematology, St. Olavs Hospital (A.W.) - both in Trondheim, Norway
| | - Anders Waage
- From the Department of Biomedicine, Experimental Hematology, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel (J.Z., P.L., R.N., R.C.S.), and Diagnostic Hematology, University Hospital Basel (P.L.), Basel, Switzerland; and the Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (M.L.T., A.S., A.W.), and the Department of Hematology, St. Olavs Hospital (A.W.) - both in Trondheim, Norway
| | - Radek C Skoda
- From the Department of Biomedicine, Experimental Hematology, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel (J.Z., P.L., R.N., R.C.S.), and Diagnostic Hematology, University Hospital Basel (P.L.), Basel, Switzerland; and the Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (M.L.T., A.S., A.W.), and the Department of Hematology, St. Olavs Hospital (A.W.) - both in Trondheim, Norway
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Myelodysplastic Syndrome/Acute Myeloid Leukemia Arising in Idiopathic Erythrocytosis. Case Rep Hematol 2018; 2018:4378310. [PMID: 29682367 PMCID: PMC5842720 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4378310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The term “idiopathic erythrocytosis (IE)” is applied to those cases where a causal clinical or pathological event cannot be elucidated and likely reflects a spectrum of underlying medical and molecular abnormalities. The clinical course of a patient with IE is described manifesting as a persistent erythrocytosis with a low serum erythropoietin level, mild eosinophilia, and with evidence of a thrombotic event. The patient subsequently developed a myelodysplasic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML), an event not observed in erythrocytosis patients other than those with polycythemia vera (PV). Application of a next-generation sequencing (NGS) approach targeted for myeloid malignancies confirmed wild-type JAK2 exons 12–15 and identified a common SH2B3 W262R single-nucleotide polymorphism associated with the development of hematological features of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). Further NGS analysis detected a CBL L380P mutated clone expanding in parallel with the development of MDS and subsequent AML. Despite the absence of JAK2, MPL exon 10, or CALR exon 9 mutations, a similarity with the disease course of PV/MPN was evident. A clonal link between the erythrocytosis and AML could be neither confirmed nor excluded. Future molecular identification of the mechanisms underlying IE is likely to provide a more refined therapeutic approach.
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