51
|
Maier LJ, Kallenberger SM, Jechow K, Waschow M, Eils R, Conrad C. Unraveling mitotic protein networks by 3D multiplexed epitope drug screening. Mol Syst Biol 2018; 14:e8238. [PMID: 30104419 PMCID: PMC6088390 DOI: 10.15252/msb.20188238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional protein localization intricately determines the functional coordination of cellular processes. The complex spatial context of protein landscape has been assessed by multiplexed immunofluorescent staining or mass spectrometry, applied to 2D cell culture with limited physiological relevance or tissue sections. Here, we present 3D SPECS, an automated technology for 3D Spatial characterization of Protein Expression Changes by microscopic Screening. This workflow comprises iterative antibody staining, high-content 3D imaging, and machine learning for detection of mitoses. This is followed by mapping of spatial protein localization into a spherical, cellular coordinate system, a basis for model-based prediction of spatially resolved affinities of proteins. As a proof-of-concept, we mapped twelve epitopes in 3D-cultured spheroids and investigated the network effects of twelve mitotic cancer drugs. Our approach reveals novel insights into spindle fragility and chromatin stress, and predicts unknown interactions between proteins in specific mitotic pathways. 3D SPECS's ability to map potential drug targets by multiplexed immunofluorescence in 3D cell culture combined with our automated high-content assay will inspire future functional protein expression and drug assays.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenz J Maier
- Center for Quantitative Analysis of Molecular and Cellular Biosystems (BioQuant), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Institute for Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology (IPMB), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan M Kallenberger
- Center for Quantitative Analysis of Molecular and Cellular Biosystems (BioQuant), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Institute for Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology (IPMB), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katharina Jechow
- Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- BIH Center for Digital Health, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcel Waschow
- Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Roland Eils
- Center for Quantitative Analysis of Molecular and Cellular Biosystems (BioQuant), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- BIH Center for Digital Health, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Conrad
- Center for Quantitative Analysis of Molecular and Cellular Biosystems (BioQuant), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Fiore APZP, Ribeiro PDF, Bruni-Cardoso A. Sleeping Beauty and the Microenvironment Enchantment: Microenvironmental Regulation of the Proliferation-Quiescence Decision in Normal Tissues and in Cancer Development. Front Cell Dev Biol 2018; 6:59. [PMID: 29930939 PMCID: PMC6001001 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2018.00059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells from prokaryota to the more complex metazoans cease proliferating at some point in their lives and enter a reversible, proliferative-dormant state termed quiescence. The appearance of quiescence in the course of evolution was essential to the acquisition of multicellular specialization and compartmentalization and is also a central aspect of tissue function and homeostasis. But what makes a cell cease proliferating even in the presence of nutrients, growth factors, and mitogens? And what makes some cells "wake up" when they should not, as is the case in cancer? Here, we summarize and discuss evidence showing how microenvironmental cues such as those originating from metabolism, extracellular matrix (ECM) composition and arrangement, neighboring cells and tissue architecture control the cellular proliferation-quiescence decision, and how this complex regulation is corrupted in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alexandre Bruni-Cardoso
- e-Signal Laboratory, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Saito Y, Desai RR, Muthuswamy SK. Reinterpreting polarity and cancer: The changing landscape from tumor suppression to tumor promotion. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2018; 1869:103-116. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
54
|
Automated brightfield morphometry of 3D organoid populations by OrganoSeg. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5319. [PMID: 29593296 PMCID: PMC5871765 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18815-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Spheroid and organoid cultures are powerful in vitro models for biology, but size and shape diversity within the culture is largely ignored. To streamline morphometric profiling, we developed OrganoSeg, an open-source software that integrates segmentation, filtering, and analysis for archived brightfield images of 3D culture. OrganoSeg is more accurate and flexible than existing platforms, and we illustrate its potential by stratifying 5167 breast-cancer spheroid and 5743 colon and colorectal-cancer organoid morphologies. Organoid transcripts grouped by morphometric signature heterogeneity were enriched for biological processes not prominent in the original RNA sequencing data. OrganoSeg enables complete, objective quantification of brightfield phenotypes, which may give insight into the molecular and multicellular mechanisms of organoid regulation.
Collapse
|
55
|
Fiore APZP, Spencer VA, Mori H, Carvalho HF, Bissell MJ, Bruni-Cardoso A. Laminin-111 and the Level of Nuclear Actin Regulate Epithelial Quiescence via Exportin-6. Cell Rep 2018; 19:2102-2115. [PMID: 28591581 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2016] [Revised: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear actin (N-actin) is known to participate in the regulation of gene expression. We showed previously that N-actin levels mediate the growth and quiescence of mouse epithelial cells in response to laminin-111 (LN1), a component of the mammary basement membrane (BM). We know that BM is defective in malignant cells, and we show here that it is the LN1/N-actin pathway that is aberrant in human breast cancer cells, leading to continuous growth. Photobleaching assays revealed that N-actin exit in nonmalignant cells begins as early as 30 min after LN1 treatment. LN1 attenuates the PI3K pathway leading to upregulation of exportin-6 (XPO6) activity and shuttles actin out of the nucleus. Silencing XPO6 prevents quiescence. Malignant cells are impervious to LN1 signaling. These results shed light on the crucial role of LN1 in quiescence and differentiation and how defects in the LN1/PI3K/XPO6/N-actin axis explain the loss of tissue homeostasis and growth control that contributes to malignant progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Zen Petisco Fiore
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | | | - Hidetoshi Mori
- Life Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Center for Comparative Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Hernandes F Carvalho
- INFABiC - National Institute of Science and Technology on Photonics Applied to Cell Biology, Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil; Structural and Functional Biology Department, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-865, Brazil
| | - Mina J Bissell
- Life Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - Alexandre Bruni-Cardoso
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil; Life Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; INFABiC - National Institute of Science and Technology on Photonics Applied to Cell Biology, Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Bruner HC, Derksen PWB. Loss of E-Cadherin-Dependent Cell-Cell Adhesion and the Development and Progression of Cancer. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2018; 10:a029330. [PMID: 28507022 PMCID: PMC5830899 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a029330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Classical cadherins are the key molecules that control cell-cell adhesion. Notwithstanding this function, it is also clear that classical cadherins are more than just the "glue" that keeps the cells together. Cadherins are essential regulators of tissue homeostasis that govern multiple facets of cellular function and development, by transducing adhesive signals to a complex network of signaling effectors and transcriptional programs. In cancer, cadherins are often inactivated or functionally inhibited, resulting in disease development and/or progression. This review focuses on E-cadherin and its causal role in the development and progression of breast and gastric cancer. We provide a summary of the biochemical consequences and consider the conceptual impact of early (mutational) E-cadherin loss in cancer. We advocate that carcinomas driven by E-cadherin loss should be considered "actin-diseases," caused by the specific disruption of the E-cadherin-actin connection and a subsequent dependence on sustained actomyosin contraction for tumor progression. Based on the available data from mouse and human studies we discuss opportunities for targeted clinical intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heather C Bruner
- Department of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Patrick W B Derksen
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584CX, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Villamar Cruz O, Prudnikova TY, Araiza-Olivera D, Perez-Plasencia C, Johnson N, Bernhardy AJ, Slifker M, Renner C, Chernoff J, Arias-Romero LE. Reduced PAK1 activity sensitizes FA/BRCA-proficient breast cancer cells to PARP inhibition. Oncotarget 2018; 7:76590-76603. [PMID: 27740936 PMCID: PMC5363532 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells that are deficient in homologous recombination, such as those that have mutations in any of the Fanconi Anemia (FA)/BRCA genes, are hypersensitive to inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). However, FA/BRCA-deficient tumors represent a small fraction of breast cancers, which might restrict the therapeutic utility of PARP inhibitor monotherapy. The gene encoding the serine-threonine protein kinase p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) is amplified and/or overexpressed in several human cancer types including 25-30% of breast tumors. This enzyme controls many cellular processes by phosphorylating both cytoplasmic and nuclear substrates. Here, we show that depletion or pharmacological inhibition of PAK1 down-regulated the expression of genes involved in the FA/BRCA pathway and compromised the ability of cells to repair DNA by Homologous Recombination (HR), promoting apoptosis and reducing colony formation. Combined inhibition of PAK1 and PARP in PAK1 overexpressing breast cancer cells had a synergistic effect, enhancing apoptosis, suppressing colony formation, and delaying tumor growth in a xenograft setting. Because reduced PAK1 activity impaired FA/BRCA function, inhibition of this kinase in PAK1 amplified and/or overexpressing breast cancer cells represents a plausible strategy for expanding the utility of PARP inhibitors to FA/BRCA-proficient cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Villamar Cruz
- UBIMED, Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Iztacala, UNAM, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, Mexico
| | | | | | - Carlos Perez-Plasencia
- UBIMED, Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Iztacala, UNAM, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Neil Johnson
- Experimental Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Andrea J Bernhardy
- Experimental Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael Slifker
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Catherine Renner
- Department of Pathology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jonathan Chernoff
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Luis E Arias-Romero
- UBIMED, Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Iztacala, UNAM, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Roth L, Srivastava S, Lindzen M, Sas-Chen A, Sheffer M, Lauriola M, Enuka Y, Noronha A, Mancini M, Lavi S, Tarcic G, Pines G, Nevo N, Heyman O, Ziv T, Rueda OM, Gnocchi D, Pikarsky E, Admon A, Caldas C, Yarden Y. SILAC identifies LAD1 as a filamin-binding regulator of actin dynamics in response to EGF and a marker of aggressive breast tumors. Sci Signal 2018; 11:eaan0949. [PMID: 29382783 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aan0949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Mutations mimicking growth factor-induced proliferation and motility characterize aggressive subtypes of mammary tumors. To unravel currently unknown players in these processes, we performed phosphoproteomic analysis on untransformed mammary epithelial cells (MCF10A) that were stimulated in culture with epidermal growth factor (EGF). We identified ladinin-1 (LAD1), a largely uncharacterized protein to date, as a phosphorylation-regulated mediator of the EGF-to-ERK pathway. Further experiments revealed that LAD1 mediated the proliferation and migration of mammary cells. LAD1 was transcriptionally induced, phosphorylated, and partly colocalized with actin stress fibers in response to EGF. Yeast two-hybrid, proximity ligation, and coimmunoprecipitation assays revealed that LAD1 bound to actin-cross-linking proteins called filamins. Cosedimentation analyses indicated that LAD1 played a role in actin dynamics, probably in collaboration with the scaffold protein 14-3-3σ (also called SFN). Depletion of LAD1 decreased the expression of transcripts associated with cell survival and inhibited the growth of mammary xenografts in an animal model. Furthermore, LAD1 predicts poor patient prognosis and is highly expressed in aggressive subtypes of breast cancer characterized as integrative clusters 5 and 10, which partly correspond to triple-negative and HER2-positive tumors. Thus, these findings reveal a cytoskeletal component that is critically involved in cell migration and the acquisition of oncogenic attributes in human mammary tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lee Roth
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Swati Srivastava
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Moshit Lindzen
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Aldema Sas-Chen
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Michal Sheffer
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Mattia Lauriola
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Yehoshua Enuka
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Ashish Noronha
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Maicol Mancini
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Sara Lavi
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Gabi Tarcic
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Gur Pines
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Nava Nevo
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Ori Heyman
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Tamar Ziv
- The Smoler Protein Center, Department of Biology, Technion, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Oscar M Rueda
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and the Cambridge Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 2XZ, UK
| | - Davide Gnocchi
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Eli Pikarsky
- Department of Immunology and Cancer Research and Department Pathology, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91010, Israel
| | - Arie Admon
- The Smoler Protein Center, Department of Biology, Technion, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Carlos Caldas
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and the Cambridge Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 2XZ, UK
| | - Yosef Yarden
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Espinoza-Sánchez NA, Chimal-Ramírez GK, Fuentes-Pananá EM. Analyzing the Communication Between Monocytes and Primary Breast Cancer Cells in an Extracellular Matrix Extract (ECME)-based Three-dimensional System. J Vis Exp 2018. [PMID: 29364225 DOI: 10.3791/56589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Embedded in the extracellular matrix (ECM), normal and neoplastic epithelial cells intimately communicate with hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells, thus greatly influencing normal tissue homeostasis and disease outcome. In breast cancer, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a critical role in disease progression, metastasis, and recurrence; therefore, understanding the mechanisms of monocyte chemoattraction to the tumor microenvironment and their interactions with tumor cells is important to control the disease. Here, we provide a detailed description of a three-dimensional (3D) co-culture system of human breast cancer (BrC) cells and human monocytes. BrC cells produced high basal levels of regulated on-activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), while in co-culture with monocytes, pro-inflammatory cytokines Interleukin (IL)-1 beta (IL-1β) and IL-8 were enriched together with matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-1, MMP-2, and MMP-10. This tumor stroma microenvironment promoted resistance to anoikis in MCF-10A 3D acini-like structures, chemoattraction of monocytes, and invasion of aggressive BrC cells. The protocols presented here provide an affordable alternative to study intra-tumor communication and are an example of the great potential that in vitro 3D cell systems provide to interrogate specific features of tumor biology related to tumor aggression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Adriana Espinoza-Sánchez
- Unidad de Investigación en Virología y Cáncer, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez; Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
60
|
Matissek KJ, Onozato ML, Sun S, Zheng Z, Schultz A, Lee J, Patel K, Jerevall PL, Saladi SV, Macleay A, Tavallai M, Badovinac-Crnjevic T, Barrios C, Beşe N, Chan A, Chavarri-Guerra Y, Debiasi M, Demirdögen E, Egeli Ü, Gökgöz S, Gomez H, Liedke P, Tasdelen I, Tolunay S, Werutsky G, St Louis J, Horick N, Finkelstein DM, Le LP, Bardia A, Goss PE, Sgroi DC, Iafrate AJ, Ellisen LW. Expressed Gene Fusions as Frequent Drivers of Poor Outcomes in Hormone Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer. Cancer Discov 2017; 8:336-353. [PMID: 29242214 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-17-0535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We sought to uncover genetic drivers of hormone receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer, using a targeted next-generation sequencing approach for detecting expressed gene rearrangements without prior knowledge of the fusion partners. We identified intergenic fusions involving driver genes, including PIK3CA, AKT3, RAF1, and ESR1, in 14% (24/173) of unselected patients with advanced HR+ breast cancer. FISH confirmed the corresponding chromosomal rearrangements in both primary and metastatic tumors. Expression of novel kinase fusions in nontransformed cells deregulates phosphoprotein signaling, cell proliferation, and survival in three-dimensional culture, whereas expression in HR+ breast cancer models modulates estrogen-dependent growth and confers hormonal therapy resistance in vitro and in vivo Strikingly, shorter overall survival was observed in patients with rearrangement-positive versus rearrangement-negative tumors. Correspondingly, fusions were uncommon (<5%) among 300 patients presenting with primary HR+ breast cancer. Collectively, our findings identify expressed gene fusions as frequent and potentially actionable drivers in HR+ breast cancer.Significance: By using a powerful clinical molecular diagnostic assay, we identified expressed intergenic fusions as frequent contributors to treatment resistance and poor survival in advanced HR+ breast cancer. The prevalence and biological and prognostic significance of these alterations suggests that their detection may alter clinical management and bring to light new therapeutic opportunities. Cancer Discov; 8(3); 336-53. ©2017 AACR.See related commentary by Natrajan et al., p. 272See related article by Liu et al., p. 354This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 253.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karina J Matissek
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Maristela L Onozato
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sheng Sun
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Zongli Zheng
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrew Schultz
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jesse Lee
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kristofer Patel
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Piiha-Lotta Jerevall
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Srinivas Vinod Saladi
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Allison Macleay
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mehrad Tavallai
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Carlos Barrios
- Latin America Cooperative Oncology Group (LACOG) and Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Nuran Beşe
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Acibadem Breast Research Institute, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Yanin Chavarri-Guerra
- Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubiran, México City D.F., México
| | - Marcio Debiasi
- Latin America Cooperative Oncology Group (LACOG) and Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Elif Demirdögen
- Departments of Medical Biology, General Surgery, Pathology of Medical Faculty of Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Ünal Egeli
- Departments of Medical Biology, General Surgery, Pathology of Medical Faculty of Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Sahsuvar Gökgöz
- Departments of Medical Biology, General Surgery, Pathology of Medical Faculty of Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Henry Gomez
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplasicas, Lima, Perú
| | - Pedro Liedke
- Latin America Cooperative Oncology Group (LACOG) and Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ismet Tasdelen
- Departments of Medical Biology, General Surgery, Pathology of Medical Faculty of Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Sahsine Tolunay
- Departments of Medical Biology, General Surgery, Pathology of Medical Faculty of Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Gustavo Werutsky
- Latin America Cooperative Oncology Group (LACOG) and Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jessica St Louis
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nora Horick
- Biostatistics Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dianne M Finkelstein
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Biostatistics Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Long Phi Le
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Aditya Bardia
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Paul E Goss
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dennis C Sgroi
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - A John Iafrate
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Leif W Ellisen
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Oncogenic p95HER2/611CTF primes human breast epithelial cells for metabolic stress-induced down-regulation of FLIP and activation of TRAIL-R/Caspase-8-dependent apoptosis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:93688-93703. [PMID: 29212182 PMCID: PMC5706828 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncogenic transformation triggers reprogramming of cell metabolism, as part of the tumorigenic process. However, metabolic reprogramming may also increase the sensitivity of transformed cells to microenvironmental stress, at the early stages of tumor development. Herein, we show that transformation of human breast epithelial cells by the p95HER2/611CTF oncogene markedly sensitizes these cells to metabolic stress induced by the simultaneous inhibition of glucose and glutamine metabolism. In p95HER2/611CTF-transformed cells, metabolic stress activates a TNF related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-R and caspase-8-dependent apoptotic process that requires prior down-regulation of cellular FLICE-like inhibitor protein (c-FLIP) levels. Importantly, sustained mTOR activation is involved in FLIP down-regulation and apoptosis induced by metabolic stress. In vivo experiments in immunodeficient mice demonstrate a requirement for caspase-8 in restraining primary tumor growth of xenografts with p95HER2/611CTF-transformed cells. Collectively, these data define a critical role of the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis in the control of tumor initiation by microenvironmental cues.
Collapse
|
62
|
Fichter CD, Przypadlo CM, Buck A, Herbener N, Riedel B, Schäfer L, Nakagawa H, Walch A, Reinheckel T, Werner M, Lassmann S. A new model system identifies epidermal growth factor receptor-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and HER2-human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 heterodimers as potent inducers of oesophageal epithelial cell invasion. J Pathol 2017; 243:481-495. [PMID: 28940194 DOI: 10.1002/path.4987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Oesophageal squamous cell carcinomas and oesophageal adenocarcinomas show distinct patterns of ErbB expression and dimers. The functional effects of specific ErbB homodimers or heterodimers on oesophageal (cancer) cell behaviour, particularly invasion during early carcinogenesis, remain unknown. Here, a new cellular model system for controlled activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) or human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and EGFR-HER2 or HER2-human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3) homodimers and heterodimers was studied in non-neoplastic squamous oesophageal epithelial Het-1A cells. EGFR, HER2 and HER3 intracellular domains (ICDs) were fused to dimerization domains (DmrA/DmrA and DmrC), and transduced into Het-1A cells lacking ErbB expression. Dimerization of EGFR, HER2 or EGFR-HER2 and HER2-HER3 ICDs was induced by synthetic ligands (A/A or A/C dimerizers). This was accompanied by phosphorylation of the respective EGFR, HER2 and HER3 ICDs and activation of distinct downstream signalling pathways, such as phospholipase Cγ1, Akt, STAT and Src family kinases. Phenotypically, ErbB dimers caused cell rounding and non-apoptotic blebbing, specifically in EGFR-HER2 and HER2-HER3 heterodimer cells. In a Transwell assay, cell migration velocity was elevated in HER2 dimer cells as compared with empty vector cells. In addition, HER2 dimer cells showed in increased cell invasion, reaching significance for induced HER2-HER3 heterodimers (P = 0.015). Importantly, in three-dimensional organotypic cultures, empty vector cells grew as a superficial cell layer, resembling oesophageal squamous epithelium. In contrast, induced HER2 homodimer cells were highly invasive into the matrix and formed cell clusters. This was associated with partial loss of cytokeratin 7 (when HER2 homodimers were modelled) and p63 (when EGFR-HER2 heterodimers were modelled), which suggests a change or loss of squamous cell differentiation. Controlled activation of specific EGFR, HER2 and HER3 homodimers and heterodimers caused oesophageal squamous epithelial cell migration and/or invasion, especially in a three-dimensional microenvironment, thereby functionally identifying ErbB homodimers and heterodimers as important drivers of oesophageal carcinogenesis. Copyright © 2017 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Daniela Fichter
- Institute for Surgical Pathology, Medical Centre, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Camilla Maria Przypadlo
- Institute for Surgical Pathology, Medical Centre, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Achim Buck
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Nicola Herbener
- Institute for Surgical Pathology, Medical Centre, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bianca Riedel
- Institute for Surgical Pathology, Medical Centre, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Luisa Schäfer
- Institute for Surgical Pathology, Medical Centre, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hiroshi Nakagawa
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Axel Walch
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Reinheckel
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, Medical Centre, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Werner
- Institute for Surgical Pathology, Medical Centre, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, Medical Centre, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Silke Lassmann
- Institute for Surgical Pathology, Medical Centre, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, Medical Centre, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Functional importance of PP2A regulatory subunit loss in breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2017; 166:117-131. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-017-4403-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
64
|
Zhang Y, Han X, Wu H, Zhou Y. Bioinformatics analysis of transcription profiling of solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas. Mol Med Rep 2017. [PMID: 28627654 PMCID: PMC5562055 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) of the pancreas is a low-grade malignant neoplasm that accounts for ~5% of cystic pancreatic tumors and ~0.9–2.7% of exocrine pancreatic tumors. The transcription profiling data (GSE43795) of 14 SPN and 6 control samples were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Using the Limma package, Student's t-tests were performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between SPN and control samples [with the following criterion: False discovery rate (FDR)<0.01 and log2 fold-change (FC)≥3]. Pathway and functional enrichment analyses were performed to investigate the biological processes that the DEGs were involved in. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and sub-network analyses were conducted to comprehensively understand the interactions between DEGs. The screened DEGs were further annotated according to information relating to transcription factors and tumor associated genes (TAGs). A total of 710 upregulated and 710 downregulated DEGs were observed, including 74 transcriptional factors and 124 TAGs. Membrane metallo-endopeptidase (MME), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 were also identified as key TAGs. Following PPI network analysis, hub nodes of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), proto-oncogene tyrosine protein kinase Fyn (FYN), c-JUN (JUN), glucagon (GCG), c-Myc (MYC) and CD44 were identified, the majority of which participate in the epidermal growth factor receptor (ErbB) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) signaling pathways. A sub-network involving 70 gene nodes was also identified, with EGFR as the central gene. MME, MMP-2 and MMP-9 contribute to proliferative diabetic retinopathy and also involved in SPN. The genes EGFR, FYN, JUN, GCG, MYC and CD44 may therefore be key genes in SPN, and the ErbB and GnRH signaling pathways may be an important contributor to SPN progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongping Zhang
- Department of Digestion, Xin Chang People's Hospital, Pancreatic Disease Research Center of Shanghai, Xinchang, Zhejiang 312500, P.R. China
| | - Xu Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University of China, Pancreatic Disease Research Center of Shanghai, Shanghai 214000, P.R. China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University of China, Pancreatic Disease Research Center of Shanghai, Shanghai 214000, P.R. China
| | - Yifeng Zhou
- Digestive Department, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Pancreatic Disease Research Center of Shanghai, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Milano DF, Ngai NA, Muthuswamy SK, Asthagiri AR. Regulators of Metastasis Modulate the Migratory Response to Cell Contact under Spatial Confinement. Biophys J 2017; 110:1886-1895. [PMID: 27119647 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2016.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The breast tumor microenvironment (TMEN) is a unique niche where protein fibers help to promote invasion and metastasis. Cells migrating along these fibers are constantly interacting with each other. How cells respond to these interactions has important implications. Cancer cells that circumnavigate or slide around other cells on protein fibers take a less tortuous path out of the primary tumor; conversely, cells that turn back upon encountering other cells invade less efficiently. The contact response of migrating cancer cells in a fibrillar TMEN is poorly understood. Here, using high-aspect ratio micropatterns as a model fibrillar platform, we show that metastatic cells overcome spatial constraints to slide effectively on narrow fiber-like dimensions, whereas nontransformed MCF-10A mammary epithelial cells require much wider micropatterns to achieve moderate levels of sliding. Downregulating the cell-cell adhesion protein, E-cadherin, enables MCF-10A cells to slide on narrower micropatterns; meanwhile, introducing exogenous E-cadherin in metastatic MDA-MB-231 cells increases the micropattern dimension at which they slide. We propose the characteristic fibrillar dimension (CFD) at which effective sliding is achieved as a metric of sliding ability under spatial confinement. Using this metric, we show that metastasis-promoting genetic perturbations enhance cell sliding and reduce CFD. Activation of ErbB2 combined with downregulation of the tumor suppressor and cell polarity regulator, PARD3, reduced the CFD, in agreement with their cooperative role in inducing metastasis in vivo. The CFD was further reduced by a combination of ErbB2 activation and transforming growth factor β stimulation, which is known to enhance invasive behavior. These findings demonstrate that sliding is a quantitative property and a decrease in CFD is an effective metric to understand how multiple genetic hits interact to change cell behavior in fibrillar environments. This quantitative framework sheds insights into how genetic perturbations conspire with fibrillar maturation in the TMEN to drive the invasive behavior of cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel F Milano
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nicholas A Ngai
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Senthil K Muthuswamy
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Centre, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Anand R Asthagiri
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts.
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Lambein K, Van Bockstal M, Vandemaele L, Van den Broecke R, Cocquyt V, Geenen S, Denys H, Libbrecht L. Comparison of HER2 amplification status among breast cancer subgroups offers new insights in pathways of breast cancer progression. Virchows Arch 2017; 471:575-587. [PMID: 28567637 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-017-2161-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Although the prognostic and predictive significance of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in invasive breast cancer is well established, its role in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) remains unclear. Reports on combined evaluation of both HER2 protein expression and HER2 amplification status in pure DCIS and DCIS adjacent to invasive ductal carcinoma (i.e., admixed DCIS) are scarce. In this study, immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were used to assess HER2 status in 72 cases of pure DCIS, 73 cases of DCIS admixed with invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), and 60 cases of pure IDC. HER2 copy number-based amplification was present in 49% of pure DCIS, 16% of admixed DCIS, 18% of admixed IDC, and 8% of pure IDC. Amplified pure DCIS with clusters of HER2 signals showed a significantly lower HER2 copy number than amplified admixed DCIS with clusters. Whereas pure DCIS and admixed DCIS presented significant differences, the in situ and invasive component of admixed tumors showed striking similarities regarding mean HER2 and chromosome 17 centromere (CEP17) copy number, grade, and estrogen and progesterone receptor expression. The discrepant prevalence of HER2 amplification among breast cancer subgroups indirectly suggests that HER2 may not play a crucial role in the transition of in situ to invasive breast cancer. The similarities in HER2 amplification status between the in situ and invasive component of admixed tumors hint at a common biological pathway for both components. Our data support the theory that pure DCIS, pure IDC, and admixed lesions have a common progenitor, but can progress as separate lineages.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/genetics
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/genetics
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/pathology
- Disease Progression
- Female
- Gene Amplification
- Humans
- Middle Aged
- Receptor, ErbB-2/genetics
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Lambein
- Department of Pathology, AZ St Lucas Hospital, Groenebriel 1, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Surgical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mieke Van Bockstal
- Department of Medical and Forensic Pathology, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lies Vandemaele
- Department of Medical and Forensic Pathology, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rudy Van den Broecke
- Department of Gynaecology, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Veronique Cocquyt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sofie Geenen
- Department of Medical and Forensic Pathology, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hannelore Denys
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Louis Libbrecht
- Department of Medical and Forensic Pathology, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
- Department of Pathology, University Clinics St Luc, Hippokrateslaan 10, 1200, Sint-Lambrechts-Woluwe, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Dysregulation of Blimp1 transcriptional repressor unleashes p130Cas/ErbB2 breast cancer invasion. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1145. [PMID: 28442738 PMCID: PMC5430666 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01332-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
ErbB2 overexpression is detected in approximately 20% of breast cancers and is correlated with poor survival. It was previously shown that the adaptor protein p130Cas/BCAR1 is a crucial mediator of ErbB2 transformation and that its overexpression confers invasive properties to ErbB2-positive human mammary epithelial cells. We herein prove, for the first time, that the transcriptional repressor Blimp1 is a novel mediator of p130Cas/ErbB2-mediated invasiveness. Indeed, high Blimp1 expression levels are detected in invasive p130Cas/ErbB2 cells and correlate with metastatic status in human breast cancer patients. The present study, by using 2D and 3D breast cancer models, shows that the increased Blimp1 expression depends on both MAPK activation and miR-23b downmodulation. Moreover, we demonstrate that Blimp1 triggers cell invasion and metastasis formation via its effects on focal adhesion and survival signaling. These findings unravel the previously unidentified role that transcriptional repressor Blimp1 plays in the control of breast cancer invasiveness.
Collapse
|
68
|
Lee JY, Chaudhuri O. Regulation of Breast Cancer Progression by Extracellular Matrix Mechanics: Insights from 3D Culture Models. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2017; 4:302-313. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b00071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Y. Lee
- Department of Mechanical
Engineering, Stanford University, 452 Escondido Mall, Building 520,
Room 226, Stanford, California 94305-4038, United States
| | - Ovijit Chaudhuri
- Department of Mechanical
Engineering, Stanford University, 452 Escondido Mall, Building 520,
Room 226, Stanford, California 94305-4038, United States
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Carter EP, Gopsill JA, Gomm JJ, Jones JL, Grose RP. A 3D in vitro model of the human breast duct: a method to unravel myoepithelial-luminal interactions in the progression of breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 2017; 19:50. [PMID: 28427436 PMCID: PMC5399380 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-017-0843-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background 3D modelling fulfils a critical role in research, allowing for complex cell behaviour and interactions to be studied in physiomimetic conditions. With tissue banks becoming established for a number of cancers, researchers now have access to primary patient cells, providing the perfect building blocks to recreate and interrogate intricate cellular systems in the laboratory. The ducts of the human breast are composed of an inner layer of luminal cells supported by an outer layer of myoepithelial cells. In early-stage ductal carcinoma in situ, cancerous luminal cells are confined to the ductal space by an intact myoepithelial layer. Understanding the relationship between myoepithelial and luminal cells in the development of cancer is critical for the development of new therapies and prognostic markers. This requires the generation of new models that allows for the manipulation of these two cell types in a physiological setting. Methods Using access to the Breast Cancer Now Tissue Bank, we isolated pure populations of myoepithelial and luminal cells from human reduction mammoplasty specimens and placed them into 2D culture. These cells were infected with lentiviral particles encoding either fluorescent proteins, to facilitate cell tracking, or an inducible human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression construct. Myoepithelial and luminal cells were then recombined in collagen gels, and the resulting cellular structures were analysed by confocal microscopy. Results Myoepithelial and luminal cells isolated from reduction mammoplasty specimens can be grown separately in 2D culture and retain their differentiated state. When recombined in collagen gels, these cells reform into physiologically reflective bilayer structures. Inducible expression of HER2 in the luminal compartment, once the bilayer has formed, leads to robust luminal filling, recapitulating ductal carcinoma in situ, and can be blocked with anti-HER2 therapies. Conclusions This model allows for the interaction between myoepithelial and luminal cells to be investigated in an in-vitro environment and paves the way to study early events in breast cancer development with the potential to act as a powerful drug discovery platform. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13058-017-0843-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edward P Carter
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute - a Cancer Research UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.
| | - James A Gopsill
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TR, UK
| | - Jennifer J Gomm
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute - a Cancer Research UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - J Louise Jones
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute - a Cancer Research UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Richard P Grose
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute - a Cancer Research UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Leal-Egaña A, Letort G, Martiel JL, Christ A, Vignaud T, Roelants C, Filhol O, Théry M. The size-speed-force relationship governs migratory cell response to tumorigenic factors. Mol Biol Cell 2017; 28:1612-1621. [PMID: 28428257 PMCID: PMC5469605 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e16-10-0694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Normal and transformed motile cells follow a common trend in which size and contractile forces are negatively correlated with cell speed. However, tumorigenic factors amplify the preexisting population heterogeneity and lead some cells to exhibit biomechanical properties that are more extreme than those observed with normal cells. Tumor development progresses through a complex path of biomechanical changes leading first to cell growth and contraction and then cell deadhesion, scattering, and invasion. Tumorigenic factors may act specifically on one of these steps or have a wider spectrum of actions, leading to a variety of effects and thus sometimes to apparent contradictory outcomes. Here we used micropatterned lines of collagen type I/fibronectin on deformable surfaces to standardize cell behavior and measure simultaneously cell size, speed of motion and magnitude of the associated traction forces at the level of a single cell. We analyzed and compared the normal human breast cell line MCF10A in control conditions and in response to various tumorigenic factors. In all conditions, a wide range of biomechanical properties was identified. Despite this heterogeneity, normal and transformed motile cells followed a common trend whereby size and contractile forces were negatively correlated with cell speed. Some tumorigenic factors, such as activation of ErbB2 or loss of the βsubunit of casein kinase 2, shifted the whole population toward a faster speed and lower contractility state. Treatment with transforming growth factor β induced some cells to adopt opposing behaviors such as extremely high versus extremely low contractility. Thus tumor transformation amplified preexisting population heterogeneity and led some cells to exhibit biomechanical properties that were more extreme than those observed with normal cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Leal-Egaña
- CytoMorpho Lab, LPCV, Biosciences and Biotechnology Institute of Grenoble, UMR5168, CEA, CNRS, INRA, Université Grenoble-Alpes, 38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Gaelle Letort
- CytoMorpho Lab, LPCV, Biosciences and Biotechnology Institute of Grenoble, UMR5168, CEA, CNRS, INRA, Université Grenoble-Alpes, 38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Louis Martiel
- CytoMorpho Lab, LPCV, Biosciences and Biotechnology Institute of Grenoble, UMR5168, CEA, CNRS, INRA, Université Grenoble-Alpes, 38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Andreas Christ
- CytoMorpho Lab, LPCV, Biosciences and Biotechnology Institute of Grenoble, UMR5168, CEA, CNRS, INRA, Université Grenoble-Alpes, 38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Timothée Vignaud
- CytoMorpho Lab, LPCV, Biosciences and Biotechnology Institute of Grenoble, UMR5168, CEA, CNRS, INRA, Université Grenoble-Alpes, 38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Caroline Roelants
- Biologie du Cancer et de l'Infection, Biosciences and Biotechnology Institute of Grenoble, UMRS1036, CEA, INSERM, CNRS, Université Grenoble-Alpes, 38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Odile Filhol
- Biologie du Cancer et de l'Infection, Biosciences and Biotechnology Institute of Grenoble, UMRS1036, CEA, INSERM, CNRS, Université Grenoble-Alpes, 38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Manuel Théry
- CytoMorpho Lab, LPCV, Biosciences and Biotechnology Institute of Grenoble, UMR5168, CEA, CNRS, INRA, Université Grenoble-Alpes, 38054 Grenoble, France .,CytoMorpho Lab, A2T, Hopital Saint Louis, Institut Universitaire d'Hematologie, UMRS1160, CEA, INSERM, AP-HP, Université Paris Diderot, 75010 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Moreno-Layseca P, Ucar A, Sun H, Wood A, Olabi S, Gilmore AP, Brennan K, Streuli CH. The requirement of integrins for breast epithelial proliferation. Eur J Cell Biol 2017; 96:227-239. [PMID: 28363396 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial cells forming mammary gland ducts and alveoli require adhesion to the extracellular matrix for their function. Mammary epithelial cells need β1-integrins for normal cell cycle regulation. However, the role of β1-integrins in tumorigenesis has not been fully resolved. β1-integrin is necessary for tumour formation in transgenic mice expressing the Polyomavirus Middle T antigen, but it is dispensable in those overexpressing ErbB2. This suggests that some oncogenes can manage without β1-integrin to proliferate and form tumours, while others still require it. Here we have developed a model to test whether expression of an oncogene can surpass the need for β1-integrin to drive proliferation. We co-expressed the ErbB2 or Akt oncogenes with shRNA to target β1-integrin in mammary epithelial cells, and found that they show a differential dependence on β1-integrin for cell division. Moreover, we identified a key proliferative role of the Rac1-Pak axis downstream of β1-integrin signalling. Our data suggest that, in mammary epithelial cells, oncogenes with the ability to signal to Pak surpass the requirement of integrins for malignant transformation. This highlights the importance of using the correct combination therapy for breast cancer, depending on the oncogenes expressed in the tumour.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Moreno-Layseca
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom.
| | - Ahmet Ucar
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom.
| | - Heyuan Sun
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom.
| | - Amber Wood
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom.
| | - Safiah Olabi
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew P Gilmore
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom.
| | - Keith Brennan
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom.
| | - Charles H Streuli
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Lelièvre SA, Kwok T, Chittiboyina S. Architecture in 3D cell culture: An essential feature for in vitro toxicology. Toxicol In Vitro 2017; 45:287-295. [PMID: 28366709 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2017.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional cell culture has the potential to revolutionize toxicology studies by allowing human-based reproduction of essential elements of organs. Beyond the study of toxicants on the most susceptible organs such as liver, kidney, skin, lung, gastrointestinal tract, testis, heart and brain, carcinogenesis research will also greatly benefit from 3D cell culture models representing any normal tissue. No tissue function can be suitably reproduced without the appropriate tissue architecture whether mimicking acini, ducts or tubes, sheets of cells or more complex cellular organizations like hepatic cords. In this review, we illustrate the fundamental characteristics of polarity that is an essential architectural feature of organs for which different 3D cell culture models are available for toxicology studies in vitro. The value of tissue polarity for the development of more accurate carcinogenesis studies is also exemplified, and the concept of using extracellular gradients of gaseous or chemical substances produced with microfluidics in 3D cell culture is discussed. Indeed such gradients-on-a-chip might bring unprecedented information to better determine permissible exposure levels. Finally, the impact of tissue architecture, established via cell-matrix interactions, on the cell nucleus is emphasized in light of the importance in toxicology of morphological and epigenetic alterations of this organelle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie A Lelièvre
- Purdue University, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, 625 Harrison Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; 3D Cell Culture Core (3D3C) Facility, Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University Discovery Park, 1205 West State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, 201 S University Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Tim Kwok
- 3D Cell Culture Core (3D3C) Facility, Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University Discovery Park, 1205 West State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Shirisha Chittiboyina
- Purdue University, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, 625 Harrison Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; 3D Cell Culture Core (3D3C) Facility, Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University Discovery Park, 1205 West State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Grasso S, Chapelle J, Salemme V, Aramu S, Russo I, Vitale N, Verdun di Cantogno L, Dallaglio K, Castellano I, Amici A, Centonze G, Sharma N, Lunardi S, Cabodi S, Cavallo F, Lamolinara A, Stramucci L, Moiso E, Provero P, Albini A, Sapino A, Staaf J, Di Fiore PP, Bertalot G, Pece S, Tosoni D, Confalonieri S, Iezzi M, Di Stefano P, Turco E, Defilippi P. The scaffold protein p140Cap limits ERBB2-mediated breast cancer progression interfering with Rac GTPase-controlled circuitries. Nat Commun 2017; 8:14797. [PMID: 28300085 PMCID: PMC5357316 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The docking protein p140Cap negatively regulates tumour cell features. Its relevance on breast cancer patient survival, as well as its ability to counteract relevant cancer signalling pathways, are not fully understood. Here we report that in patients with ERBB2-amplified breast cancer, a p140Cap-positive status associates with a significantly lower probability of developing a distant event, and a clear difference in survival. p140Cap dampens ERBB2-positive tumour cell progression, impairing tumour onset and growth in the NeuT mouse model, and counteracting epithelial mesenchymal transition, resulting in decreased metastasis formation. One major mechanism is the ability of p140Cap to interfere with ERBB2-dependent activation of Rac GTPase-controlled circuitries. Our findings point to a specific role of p140Cap in curbing the aggressiveness of ERBB2-amplified breast cancers and suggest that, due to its ability to impinge on specific molecular pathways, p140Cap may represent a predictive biomarker of response to targeted anti-ERBB2 therapies. p140Cap adaptor proteins interfere with adhesion and growth factor-dependent signalling in cancer cells but the mechanisms are unclear. Here the authors show that p140Cap interferes with ERBB2-dependent activation of Rac GTPase-controlled circuitries reducing metastasis and cancer progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Grasso
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Jennifer Chapelle
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Salemme
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Simona Aramu
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Isabella Russo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Vitale
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | | | - Katiuscia Dallaglio
- Research Infrastructure, IRCCS Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, 42100 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | | | - Augusto Amici
- Department of Bioscience and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Giorgia Centonze
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Nanaocha Sharma
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Serena Lunardi
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Sara Cabodi
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Federica Cavallo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Alessia Lamolinara
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, Center of Excellence on Aging and Translational Medicine (CeSi-Met), G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Stramucci
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, Center of Excellence on Aging and Translational Medicine (CeSi-Met), G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Enrico Moiso
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Paolo Provero
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Adriana Albini
- Scientific and Technology Pole, IRCCS MultiMedica, 20100 Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Sapino
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Johan Staaf
- Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund 22100, Sweden
| | - Pier Paolo Di Fiore
- Molecular Medicine Program, European Institute of Oncology, 20100 Milan, Italy.,IFOM, The FIRC Institute for Molecular Oncology Foundation, 20100 Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, 20100 Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Bertalot
- Molecular Medicine Program, European Institute of Oncology, 20100 Milan, Italy
| | - Salvatore Pece
- Molecular Medicine Program, European Institute of Oncology, 20100 Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, 20100 Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Tosoni
- Molecular Medicine Program, European Institute of Oncology, 20100 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Confalonieri
- Molecular Medicine Program, European Institute of Oncology, 20100 Milan, Italy.,IFOM, The FIRC Institute for Molecular Oncology Foundation, 20100 Milan, Italy
| | - Manuela Iezzi
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, Center of Excellence on Aging and Translational Medicine (CeSi-Met), G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Paola Di Stefano
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Emilia Turco
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Paola Defilippi
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Liu X, Zhao B, Sun L, Bhuripanyo K, Wang Y, Bi Y, Davuluri RV, Duong DM, Nanavati D, Yin J, Kiyokawa H. Orthogonal ubiquitin transfer identifies ubiquitination substrates under differential control by the two ubiquitin activating enzymes. Nat Commun 2017; 8:14286. [PMID: 28134249 PMCID: PMC5290280 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein ubiquitination is mediated sequentially by ubiquitin activating enzyme E1, ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 and ubiquitin ligase E3. Uba1 was thought to be the only E1 until the recent identification of Uba6. To differentiate the biological functions of Uba1 and Uba6, we applied an orthogonal ubiquitin transfer (OUT) technology to profile their ubiquitination targets in mammalian cells. By expressing pairs of an engineered ubiquitin and engineered Uba1 or Uba6 that were generated for exclusive interactions, we identified 697 potential Uba6 targets and 527 potential Uba1 targets with 258 overlaps. Bioinformatics analysis reveals substantial differences in pathways involving Uba1- and Uba6-specific targets. We demonstrate that polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of ezrin and CUGBP1 require Uba6, but not Uba1, and that Uba6 is involved in the control of ezrin localization and epithelial morphogenesis. These data suggest that distinctive substrate pools exist for Uba1 and Uba6 that reflect non-redundant biological roles for Uba6. The transfer of ubiquitin (UB) to cellular targets is mediated sequentially by three groups of enzymes, UB activating enzyme (E1), UB conjugating enzyme (E2) and UB ligase (E3). Here the authors provide evidence that the two mammalian E1 enzymes, Uba1 and Uba6, exert biologically distinct functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianpeng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Bo Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.,School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 20040, China
| | - Limin Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Karan Bhuripanyo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Center for Diagnostics &Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - Yiyang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Diagnostics &Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - Yingtao Bi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Ramana V Davuluri
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA.,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Duc M Duong
- Integrated Proteomics Core, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Dhaval Nanavati
- Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Jun Yin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Center for Diagnostics &Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - Hiroaki Kiyokawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA.,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Wellberg EA, Johnson S, Finlay-Schultz J, Lewis AS, Terrell KL, Sartorius CA, Abel ED, Muller WJ, Anderson SM. The glucose transporter GLUT1 is required for ErbB2-induced mammary tumorigenesis. Breast Cancer Res 2016; 18:131. [PMID: 27998284 PMCID: PMC5168867 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-016-0795-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Altered tumor cell metabolism is an emerging hallmark of cancer; however, the precise role for glucose in tumor initiation is not known. GLUT1 (SLC2A1) is expressed in breast cancer cells and is likely responsible for avid glucose uptake observed in established tumors. We have shown that GLUT1 was necessary for xenograft tumor formation from primary mammary cells transformed with the polyomavirus middle-T antigen but that it was not necessary for growth after tumors had formed in vivo, suggesting a differential requirement for glucose depending on the stage of tumorigenesis. METHODS To determine whether GLUT1 is required early during mammary tumorigenesis, we crossed MMTV-NIC mice, which express activated HER2/NEU/ERBB2 and Cre recombinase, to Slc2a1 Flox/Flox (GLUT1Flox/Flox) mice to generate NIC-GLUT1+/+, NIC-GLUT1Flox/+, and NIC-GLUT1Flox/Flox mice. In addition, we evaluated effects of glucose restriction or GLUT1 inhibition on transformation in MCF10A-ERBB2 breast epithelial cells in three-dimensional culture. Finally, we utilized global gene expression profiling data of primary human breast tumors to determine the relationship between SLC2A1 and stage of tumorigenesis. RESULTS All of the NIC-GLUT1+/+ mice developed tumors in less than 200 days. In contrast, only 1 NIC-GLUT1Flox/Flox mouse and 1 NIC-GLUT1Flox/+ mouse developed mammary tumors, even after 18 months. Mammary gland development was not disrupted in NIC mice lacking GLUT1; however, epithelial content of mature glands was reduced compared to NIC-GLUT1Flox/+ mice. In MCF10A-ERBB2 cells, glucose restriction or GLUT1 inhibition blocked transformation induced by activated ERBB2 through reduced cell proliferation. In human breast cancers, SLC2A1 was higher in ductal carcinoma in situ compared to the normal breast, but lower in invasive versus in situ lesions, suggesting the requirement for GLUT1 decreases as tumors progress. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates a strict requirement for GLUT1 in the early stages of mammary tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo. While metabolic adaptation has emerged as a hallmark of cancer, our data indicate that early tumor cells rely heavily on glucose and highlight the potential for glucose restriction as a breast cancer preventive strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Wellberg
- Department of Pathology, MS 8401, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12801 East 17th Avenue, Box 8104, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| | - Stevi Johnson
- Department of Pathology, MS 8401, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12801 East 17th Avenue, Box 8104, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Jessica Finlay-Schultz
- Department of Pathology, MS 8401, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12801 East 17th Avenue, Box 8104, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Andrew S Lewis
- Department of Pathology, MS 8401, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12801 East 17th Avenue, Box 8104, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Kristina L Terrell
- Department of Pathology, MS 8401, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12801 East 17th Avenue, Box 8104, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Carol A Sartorius
- Department of Pathology, MS 8401, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12801 East 17th Avenue, Box 8104, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.,Program in Cancer Biology, MS 8401, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - E Dale Abel
- Department of Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - William J Muller
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 1A3, Canada.,Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Center, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Steven M Anderson
- Department of Pathology, MS 8401, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12801 East 17th Avenue, Box 8104, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA. .,Program in Cancer Biology, MS 8401, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA. .,Program in Molecular Biology, MS 8401, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Maya-Mendoza A, Bartek J, Jackson DA, Streuli CH. Cellular microenvironment controls the nuclear architecture of breast epithelia through β1-integrin. Cell Cycle 2016; 15:345-56. [PMID: 26818565 PMCID: PMC4943696 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2015.1121354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Defects in nuclear architecture occur in a variety of diseases, however the fundamental mechanisms that control the internal structure of nuclei are poorly defined. Here we reveal that the cellular microenvironment has a profound influence on the global internal organization of nuclei in breast epithelia. A 3D microenvironment induces a prolonged but reversible form of cell cycle arrest that features many of the classical markers of cell senescence. This unique form of arrest is dependent on signaling from the external microenvironment through β1-integrins. It is concomitant with alterations in nuclear architecture that characterize the withdrawal from cell proliferation. Unexpectedly, following prolonged cell cycle arrest in 3D, the senescence-like state and associated reprogramming of nuclear architecture are freely reversible on altering the dimensionality of the cellular microenvironment. Breast epithelia can therefore maintain a proliferative plasticity that correlates with nuclear remodelling. However, the changes in nuclear architecture are cell lineage-specific and do not occur in fibroblasts, and moreover they are overcome in breast cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Apolinar Maya-Mendoza
- a Faculty of Life Sciences and Wellcome Trust Center for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester , Manchester , United Kingdom.,b Department of Genome Integrity , Danish Cancer Society Research Center , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Jiri Bartek
- b Department of Genome Integrity , Danish Cancer Society Research Center , Copenhagen , Denmark.,c Science for Life Laboratory, Division of Translational Medicine and Chemical Biology , Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Dean A Jackson
- a Faculty of Life Sciences and Wellcome Trust Center for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester , Manchester , United Kingdom
| | - Charles H Streuli
- a Faculty of Life Sciences and Wellcome Trust Center for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester , Manchester , United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Henry WS, Laszewski T, Tsang T, Beca F, Beck AH, McAllister SS, Toker A. Aspirin Suppresses Growth in PI3K-Mutant Breast Cancer by Activating AMPK and Inhibiting mTORC1 Signaling. Cancer Res 2016; 77:790-801. [PMID: 27940576 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-2400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite the high incidence of oncogenic mutations in PIK3CA, the gene encoding the catalytic subunit of PI3K, PI3K inhibitors have yielded little clinical benefit for breast cancer patients. Recent epidemiologic studies have suggested a therapeutic benefit from aspirin intake in cancers harboring oncogenic PIK3CA Here, we show that mutant PIK3CA-expressing breast cancer cells have greater sensitivity to aspirin-mediated growth suppression than their wild-type counterparts. Aspirin decreased viability and anchorage-independent growth of mutant PIK3CA breast cancer cells independently of its effects on COX-2 and NF-κB. We ascribed the effects of aspirin to AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation, mTORC1 inhibition, and autophagy induction. In vivo, oncogenic PIK3CA-driven mouse mammary tumors treated daily with aspirin resulted in decreased tumor growth kinetics, whereas combination therapy of aspirin and a PI3K inhibitor further attenuated tumor growth. Our study supports the evaluation of aspirin and PI3K pathway inhibitors as a combination therapy for targeting breast cancer. Cancer Res; 77(3); 790-801. ©2016 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Whitney S Henry
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tyler Laszewski
- Hematology Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tiffany Tsang
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Francisco Beca
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew H Beck
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Sandra S McAllister
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Hematology Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Alex Toker
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts. .,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Dahlhoff M, Muzumdar S, Schäfer M, Schneider MR. ERBB2 Is Essential for the Growth of Chemically Induced Skin Tumors in Mice. J Invest Dermatol 2016; 137:921-930. [PMID: 27931797 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Although the epidermal growth factor receptor has established roles in skin carcinogenesis, inflammation, and wound healing, the functions of the structurally related receptor ERBB2 in this tissue remain poorly explored. To assess the functions of ERBB2 in skin homeostasis, tumorigenesis, and wound healing, we employed keratin 5-directed, cre recombinase-mediated targeting of Erbb2 alleles in mice. Erbb2del mice, lacking ERBB2 specifically in keratinocytes, showed no noticeable spontaneous skin abnormalities. During early wound healing, the thickness and the number and proliferation rate of keratinocytes in the wound epithelium of Erbb2del mice were significantly reduced. Compared with control littermates, Erbb2del mice remained free of papillomas for a longer time and had significantly reduced tumor burden after application of the 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene/12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate multistage chemical carcinogenesis protocol. Furthermore, tumor cell proliferation was substantially reduced in Erbb2del mice, and loss of ERBB2 also decreased keratinocyte proliferation after 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate application. Thus, ERBB2 is dispensable for the development and homeostasis of the epidermis and its appendages. However, reflecting its pro-proliferative role, ERBB2 is required for the normal healing of skin wounds and for the progression of tumors during skin chemical carcinogenesis in mice. Thus, ERBB2 may be a promising target for inhibiting human nonmelanoma skin cancer progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maik Dahlhoff
- Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sukalp Muzumdar
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Schäfer
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marlon R Schneider
- Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
Girard BJ, Knutson TP, Kuker B, McDowell L, Schwertfeger KL, Ostrander JH. Cytoplasmic Localization of Proline, Glutamic Acid, Leucine-rich Protein 1 (PELP1) Induces Breast Epithelial Cell Migration through Up-regulation of Inhibitor of κB Kinase ϵ and Inflammatory Cross-talk with Macrophages. J Biol Chem 2016; 292:339-350. [PMID: 27881676 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.739847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytoplasmic localization of proline, glutamic acid, leucine-rich protein 1 (PELP1) is observed in ∼40% of women with invasive breast cancer. In mouse models, PELP1 overexpression in the mammary gland leads to premalignant lesions and eventually mammary tumors. In preliminary clinical studies, cytoplasmic localization of PELP1 was seen in 36% of women at high risk of developing breast cancer. Here, we investigated whether cytoplasmic PELP1 signaling promotes breast cancer initiation in models of immortalized human mammary epithelial cells (HMECs). Global gene expression analysis was performed on HMEC lines expressing vector control, PELP1-wt, or mutant PELP1 in which the nuclear localization sequence was altered, resulting in cytoplasmic localization of PELP1 (PELP1-cyto). Global gene expression analysis identified that PELP1-cyto expression in HMECs induced NF-κB signaling pathways. Western blotting analysis of PELP1-cyto HMECs showed up-regulation of inhibitor of κB kinase ϵ (IKKϵ) and increased phosphorylation of the NF-κB subunit RelB. To determine whether secreted factors produced by PELP1-cyto HMECs promote macrophage activation, THP-1 macrophages were treated with HMEC-conditioned medium (CM). PELP1-cyto CM induced changes in THP-1 gene expression as compared with control cell CM. Double conditioned medium (DCM) from the activated THP-1 cells was then applied to HMECs to determine whether paracrine signaling from PELP1-cyto-activated macrophages could in turn promote migration of HMECs. PELP1-cyto DCM induced robust HMEC migration, which was reduced in DCM from PELP1-cyto HMECs expressing IKKϵ shRNA. Our findings suggest that cytoplasmic localization of PELP1 up-regulates pro-tumorigenic IKKϵ and secreted inflammatory signals, which through paracrine macrophage activation regulates the migratory phenotype associated with breast cancer initiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Kathryn L Schwertfeger
- From the Masonic Cancer Center and.,Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | | |
Collapse
|
80
|
Čunderlíková B. Clinical significance of immunohistochemically detected extracellular matrix proteins and their spatial distribution in primary cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2016; 105:127-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2016.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Revised: 04/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
|
81
|
Helicobacter pylori CagA and IL-1β Promote the Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in a Nontransformed Epithelial Cell Model. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2016; 2016:4969163. [PMID: 27525003 PMCID: PMC4971297 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4969163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the third cause of cancer death worldwide and infection by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is considered the most important risk factor, mainly by the activity of its virulence factor CagA. H. pylori/CagA-induced chronic inflammation triggers a series of gastric lesions of increased severity, starting with gastritis and ending with cancer. IL-1β has been associated with tumor development and invasiveness in different types of cancer, including gastric cancer. Currently, it is not clear if there is an association between CagA and IL-1β at a cellular level. In this study, we analyzed the effects of IL-1β and CagA on MCF-10A nontransformed cells. We found evidence that both CagA and IL-1β trigger the initiation of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition characterized by β-catenin nuclear translocation, increased expression of Snail1 and ZEB1, downregulation of CDH1, and morphological changes during MCF-10A acini formation. However, only CagA induced MMP9 activity and cell invasion. Our data support that IL-1β and CagA target the β-catenin pathway, with CagA leading to acquisition of a stage related to aggressive tumors.
Collapse
|
82
|
Mattaini KR, Sullivan MR, Vander Heiden MG. The importance of serine metabolism in cancer. J Cell Biol 2016; 214:249-57. [PMID: 27458133 PMCID: PMC4970329 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201604085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 267] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Serine metabolism is frequently dysregulated in cancers; however, the benefit that this confers to tumors remains controversial. In many cases, extracellular serine alone is sufficient to support cancer cell proliferation, whereas some cancer cells increase serine synthesis from glucose and require de novo serine synthesis even in the presence of abundant extracellular serine. Recent studies cast new light on the role of serine metabolism in cancer, suggesting that active serine synthesis might be required to facilitate amino acid transport, nucleotide synthesis, folate metabolism, and redox homeostasis in a manner that impacts cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine R Mattaini
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Mark R Sullivan
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Matthew G Vander Heiden
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215 Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02139
| |
Collapse
|
83
|
|
84
|
Protein disulfide isomerases in the endoplasmic reticulum promote anchorage-independent growth of breast cancer cells. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2016; 157:241-252. [PMID: 27161215 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-016-3820-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic breast cancer cells are exposed to stress of detachment from the extracellular matrix (ECM). Cultured breast cancer cells that survive this stress and are capable of anchorage-independent proliferation form mammospheres. The purpose of this study was to explore a link between mammosphere growth, ECM gene expression, and the protein quality control system in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). We compared the mRNA and protein levels of ER folding factors in SUM159PT and MCF10DCIS.com breast cancer cells grown as mammospheres versus adherent conditions. Publicly available gene expression data for mammospheres formed by primary breast cancer cells and for circulating tumor cells (CTCs) were analyzed to assess the status of ECM/ER folding factor genes in clinically relevant samples. Knock-down of selected protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) family members was performed to examine their roles in SUM159PT mammosphere growth. We found that cells grown as mammospheres had elevated expression of ECM genes and ER folding quality control genes. CTC gene expression data for an index patient indicated that upregulation of ECM and ER folding factor genes occurred at the time of acquired therapy resistance and disease progression. Knock-down of PDI, ERp44, or ERp57, three members of the PDI family with elevated protein levels in mammospheres, in SUM159PT cells partially inhibited the mammosphere growth. Thus, breast cancer cell survival and growth under detachment conditions require enhanced assistance of the ER protein folding machinery. Targeting ER folding factors, in particular members of the PDI family, may improve the therapeutic outcomes in metastatic breast cancer.
Collapse
|
85
|
Acharya S, Xu J, Wang X, Jain S, Wang H, Zhang Q, Chang CC, Bower J, Arun B, Seewaldt V, Yu D. Downregulation of GLUT4 contributes to effective intervention of estrogen receptor-negative/HER2-overexpressing early stage breast disease progression by lapatinib. Am J Cancer Res 2016; 6:981-995. [PMID: 27293993 PMCID: PMC4889714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitors (AIs) have shown efficacy in prevention of estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer; however, there exists no proven prevention strategy for estrogen receptor-negative (ER-) breast cancer. Up to 40% of ER- breast cancers have human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 overexpression (HER2+), suggesting HER2 signaling might be a good target for chemoprevention for certain ER- breast cancers. Here, we tested the feasibility of the HER2-targeting agent lapatinib in prevention and/or early intervention of an ER-/HER2+ early-stage breast disease model. We found that lapatinib treatment forestalled the progression of atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH)-like acini to ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS)-like acini in ER-/HER2+ human mammary epithelial cells (HMECs) in 3D culture. Mechanistically, we found that inhibition of HER2/Akt signaling by lapatinib led to downregulation of GLUT4 and a reduced glucose uptake in HER2-overexpressing cells, resulting in decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis of these cells in 3D culture. Additionally, our data suggest that HER2-driven glycolytic metabolic dysregulation in ER-/HER2+ HMECs might promote early-stage breast disease progression, which can be reversed by lapatinib treatment. Furthermore, low-dose lapatinib treatment, starting at the early stages of mammary grand transformation in the MMTV-neu* mouse model, significantly delayed mammary tumor initiation and progression, extended tumor-free survival, which corresponded to effective inhibition of HER2/Akt signaling and downregulation of GLUT4 in vivo. Taken together, our results indicate that lapatinib, through its inhibition of key signaling pathways and tumor-promoting metabolic events, is a promising agent for the prevention/early intervention of ER-/HER2+ breast cancer progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Acharya
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX 77030, USA
- Cancer Biology Program, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at HoustonHouston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jia Xu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Shalini Jain
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hai Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Qingling Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chia-Chi Chang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX 77030, USA
- Cancer Biology Program, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at HoustonHouston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Joseph Bower
- CPRIT-CURE Summer Program, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Banu Arun
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Victoria Seewaldt
- Department of Population SciencesCity of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Dihua Yu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX 77030, USA
- Cancer Biology Program, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at HoustonHouston, TX 77030, USA
| |
Collapse
|
86
|
Papadakis ES, Barker CR, Syed H, Reeves T, Schwaiger S, Stuppner H, Troppmair J, Blaydes JP, Cutress RI. The Bag-1 inhibitor, Thio-2, reverses an atypical 3D morphology driven by Bag-1L overexpression in a MCF-10A model of ductal carcinoma in situ. Oncogenesis 2016; 5:e215. [PMID: 27043661 PMCID: PMC4848832 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2016.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammary MCF-10A cells seeded on reconstituted basement membrane form spherical structures with a hollow central lumen, termed acini, which are a physiologically relevant model of mammary morphogenesis. Bcl-2-associated athanogene 1 (Bag-1) is a multifunctional protein overexpressed in breast cancer and ductal carcinoma in situ. When present in the nucleus Bag-1 is predictive of clinical outcome in breast cancer. Bag-1 exists as three main isoforms, which are produced by alternative translation initiation from a single mRNA. The long isoform of Bag-1, Bag-1L, contains a nuclear localisation sequence not present in the other isoforms. When present in the nucleus Bag-1L, but not the other Bag-1 isoforms, can interact with and modulate the activities of estrogen-, androgen- and vitamin D-receptors. Overexpression of Bag-1 mRNA in MCF-10A is known to produce acini with luminal filling reminiscent of ductal carcinoma in situ. As this mRNA predominantly overexpresses the short isoform of Bag-1, Bag-1S, we set out to examine whether the nuclear Bag-1L isoform is sufficient to drive premalignant change by developing a Bag-1L-overexpressing MCF-10A model. Two clones differentially overexpressing Bag-1L were grown in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) cultures and compared with an established model of HER2-driven transformation. In 2D cultures, Bag-1L overexpression reduced proliferation but did not affect growth factor responsiveness or clonogenicity. Acini formed by Bag-1L-overexpressing cells exhibited reduced luminal clearing when compared with controls. An abnormal branching morphology was also observed which correlated with the level of Bag-1L overexpression, suggesting further malignant change. Treatment with Thio-2, a small-molecule inhibitor of Bag-1, reduced the level of branching. In summary, 3D cultures of MCF-10A mammary epithelial cells overexpressing Bag-1L demonstrate a premalignant phenotype with features of ductal carcinoma in situ. Using this model to test the small-molecule Bag-1 inhibitor, Thio-2, reveals its potential to reverse the atypical branched morphology of acini that characterizes this premalignant change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E S Papadakis
- Cancer Research UK Centre Cancer Sciences Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - C R Barker
- Cancer Research UK Centre Cancer Sciences Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - H Syed
- Cancer Research UK Centre Cancer Sciences Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - T Reeves
- Cancer Research UK Centre Cancer Sciences Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - S Schwaiger
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy, Center of Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Innrain, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - H Stuppner
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy, Center of Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Innrain, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - J Troppmair
- Daniel Swarovski Research Laboratory, Department of Visceral-, Transplant- and Thoracic Surgery, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria
| | - J P Blaydes
- Cancer Research UK Centre Cancer Sciences Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - R I Cutress
- Cancer Research UK Centre Cancer Sciences Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK.,University Hospital Southampton, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
Restraining FOXO3-dependent transcriptional BMF activation underpins tumour growth and metastasis of E-cadherin-negative breast cancer. Cell Death Differ 2016; 23:1483-92. [PMID: 27035620 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2016.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of cellular adhesion leads to the progression of breast cancer through acquisition of anchorage independence, also known as resistance to anoikis. Although inactivation of E-cadherin is essential for acquisition of anoikis resistance, it has remained unclear how metastatic breast cancer cells counterbalance the induction of apoptosis without E-cadherin-dependent cellular adhesion. We report here that E-cadherin inactivation in breast cancer cells induces PI3K/AKT-dependent FOXO3 inhibition and identify FOXO3 as a novel and direct transcriptional activator of the pro-apoptotic protein BMF. As a result, E-cadherin-negative breast fail to upregulate BMF upon transfer to anchorage independence, leading to anoikis resistance. Conversely, expression of BMF in E-cadherin-negative metastatic breast cancer cells is sufficient to inhibit tumour growth and dissemination in mice. In conclusion, we have identified repression of BMF as a major cue that underpins anoikis resistance and tumour dissemination in E-cadherin-deficient metastatic breast cancer.
Collapse
|
88
|
Rijal G, Li W. 3D scaffolds in breast cancer research. Biomaterials 2016; 81:135-156. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
89
|
Rashidian J, Luo K. Three-dimensional Mammary Epithelial Cell Morphogenesis Model for Analysis of TGFß Signaling. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1344:121-35. [PMID: 26520121 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-2966-5_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Culturing mammary epithelial cells in laminin-rich extracellular matrices (three dimensional or 3D culture) offers significant advantages over that in the conventional two-dimensional (2D) tissue culture system in that it takes into considetation the impact of extracellular matrix (ECM) microenvironment on the proliferation, survival, and differentiation of mammary epithelial cells. When grown in the 3D culture, untransformed mammary epithelial cells undergo morphogenesis to form a multicellular and polarized acini-like structure that functionally mimics the differentiated alveoli in the pregnancy mammary gland. This process is subjected to regulation by many growth factors and cytokines. The transforming growth factor-ß (TGFß) is a multipotent cytokine that regulates multiple aspects of development and tumorigenesis. In addition to its effects on epithelial cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation, it is also a potent regulator of the cell-matrix interaction. Thus, the 3D culture model may recapitulate the complex in vivo epithelial cell microenvironment and allow us to fully evaluate the role of TGFß signaling in multiple aspects of normal and cancerous cell behavior. In this chapter we provide detailed protocols for growing mammary epithelial cells in the 3D Matrigel for analysis of signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliet Rashidian
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology (MCB), University of California, 16 Barker Hall # 3204, Berkeley, CA, 94720-3204, USA
| | - Kunxin Luo
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology (MCB), University of California, 16 Barker Hall # 3204, Berkeley, CA, 94720-3204, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
Peek GW, Tollefsbol TO. Combinatorial PX-866 and Raloxifene Decrease Rb Phosphorylation, Cyclin E2 Transcription, and Proliferation of MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells. J Cell Biochem 2015; 117:1688-96. [PMID: 26660119 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
As a potential means to reduce proliferation of breast cancer cells, a multiple-pathway approach with no effect on control cells was explored. The human interactome being constructed by the Center for Cancer Systems Biology will prove indispensable to understanding composite effects of multiple pathways, but its discovered protein-protein interactions require characterization. Accordingly, we explored the effects of regulators of one protein on downstream targets of the other protein. MCF-7 estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer cells were treated with raloxifene to upregulate the TGF-β pathway and PX-866 to down-regulate the PI3K/Akt pathway. This resulted in highly significant downstream reduction of cell cycle proliferation in breast cancer cells with no significant proliferation reduction following similar treatment of noncancerous MCF10A breast epithelial cells. Reduced phosphorylation of p107 and substantial reduction of Rb phosphorylation were observed in response. The effects of reduced Rb and p107 phosphorylation were reflected in significant decline in E2F-1 transcriptional activity, which is dependent on pocket protein phosphorylation status. The reduced proliferation was related to decreased expression of cyclins, including E2F-1-regulated Cyclin E2, which was also in response to raloxifene and PX-866. All combinations of raloxifene and PX-866 produced significant or highly significant results for reduced MCF-7 cell proliferation, reduced Cyclin E2 transcription, and reduced Rb phosphorylation. These studies demonstrated that uncontrolled proliferation of ER+ breast cancer cells can be significantly reduced by combinational targeting of two relevant pathways. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 1688-1696, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory W Peek
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Trygve O Tollefsbol
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama.,Comprehensive Center for Healthy Aging, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama.,Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama.,Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
Gaiko-Shcherbak A, Fabris G, Dreissen G, Merkel R, Hoffmann B, Noetzel E. The Acinar Cage: Basement Membranes Determine Molecule Exchange and Mechanical Stability of Human Breast Cell Acini. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0145174. [PMID: 26674091 PMCID: PMC4684506 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The biophysical properties of the basement membrane that surrounds human breast glands are poorly understood, but are thought to be decisive for normal organ function and malignancy. Here, we characterize the breast gland basement membrane with a focus on molecule permeation and mechanical stability, both crucial for organ function. We used well-established and nature-mimicking MCF10A acini as 3D cell model for human breast glands, with ether low- or highly-developed basement membrane scaffolds. Semi-quantitative dextran tracer (3 to 40 kDa) experiments allowed us to investigate the basement membrane scaffold as a molecule diffusion barrier in human breast acini in vitro. We demonstrated that molecule permeation correlated positively with macromolecule size and intriguingly also with basement membrane development state, revealing a pore size of at least 9 nm. Notably, an intact collagen IV mesh proved to be essential for this permeation function. Furthermore, we performed ultra-sensitive atomic force microscopy to quantify the response of native breast acini and of decellularized basement membrane shells against mechanical indentation. We found a clear correlation between increasing acinar force resistance and basement membrane formation stage. Most important native acini with highly-developed basement membranes as well as cell-free basement membrane shells could both withstand physiologically relevant loads (≤ 20 nN) without loss of structural integrity. In contrast, low-developed basement membranes were significantly softer and more fragile. In conclusion, our study emphasizes the key role of the basement membrane as conductor of acinar molecule influx and mechanical stability of human breast glands, which are fundamental for normal organ function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aljona Gaiko-Shcherbak
- Institute of Complex Systems ICS7: Biomechanics, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Gloria Fabris
- Institute of Complex Systems ICS7: Biomechanics, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Georg Dreissen
- Institute of Complex Systems ICS7: Biomechanics, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Rudolf Merkel
- Institute of Complex Systems ICS7: Biomechanics, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Bernd Hoffmann
- Institute of Complex Systems ICS7: Biomechanics, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Erik Noetzel
- Institute of Complex Systems ICS7: Biomechanics, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
Wang XZ, Hang YK, Liu JB, Hou YQ, Wang N, Wang MJ. Over-expression of microRNA-375 inhibits papillary thyroid carcinoma cell proliferation and induces cell apoptosis by targeting ERBB2. J Pharmacol Sci 2015; 130:78-84. [PMID: 26806295 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) played important roles in the cell proliferation, apoptosis and other biological processes in cancer. In the present study we found that miR-375 was significantly down-regulated in human papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) tissues and cell lines. In this study we try to investigate the biological activity of miR-375 in human PTC cells and try to find the potential target of miR-375. Our study indicated that over-expression of miR-375 could inhibit the PTC cells proliferation and this inhibition was caused by the induction of cell apoptosis. In vivo animal study indicated that over-expression of miR-375 could significantly decrease the migration and invasion of human PTC cell in vivo. These results exhibit over-expression of miR-375 in human PTC cells could inhibit the process of human PTC. Further study demonstrated ERBB2 was a direct target of miR-375, over-expression of miR-375 decrease the both mRNA and protein expression of ERBB2 in human PTC cells. These data indicate miR-375 play important roles in the process and development of human PTC. These finds suggested that appropriate application of miR-375 regulation might be a new sight for the treatment of human PTC in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Zheng Wang
- Department III of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan, University of Science and Technology, Luoyang City, Henan Province, PR China.
| | - Ya-Kai Hang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jin-Biao Liu
- Department III of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan, University of Science and Technology, Luoyang City, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Yong-Qiang Hou
- Department III of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan, University of Science and Technology, Luoyang City, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department III of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan, University of Science and Technology, Luoyang City, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Ming-Jun Wang
- Department III of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan, University of Science and Technology, Luoyang City, Henan Province, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
Kim RK, Kim MJ, Seong KM, Kaushik N, Suh Y, Yoo KC, Cui YH, Jin YW, Nam SY, Lee SJ. Beneficial effects of low dose radiation in response to the oncogenic KRAS induced cellular transformation. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15809. [PMID: 26515758 PMCID: PMC4626770 DOI: 10.1038/srep15809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently low dose irradiation has gained attention in the field of radiotherapy. For lack of understanding of the molecular consequences of low dose irradiation, there is much doubt concerning its risks on human beings. In this article, we report that low dose irradiation is capable of blocking the oncogenic KRAS-induced malignant transformation. To address this hypothesis, we showed that low dose irradiation, at doses of 0.1 Gray (Gy); predominantly provide defensive response against oncogenic KRAS -induced malignant transformation in human cells through the induction of antioxidants without causing cell death and acts as a critical regulator for the attenuation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Importantly, we elucidated that knockdown of antioxidants significantly enhanced ROS generation, invasive and migratory properties and abnormal acini formation in KRAS transformed normal as well as cancer cells. Taken together, this study demonstrates that low dose irradiation reduces the KRAS induced malignant cellular transformation through diminution of ROS. This interesting phenomenon illuminates the beneficial effects of low dose irradiation, suggesting one of contributory mechanisms for reducing the oncogene induced carcinogenesis that intensify the potential use of low dose irradiation as a standard regimen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rae-Kwon Kim
- Department of Life Science, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Jung Kim
- Department of Life Science, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki Moon Seong
- Department of Life Science, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Neha Kaushik
- Department of Life Science, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yongjoon Suh
- Department of Life Science, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki-Chun Yoo
- Department of Life Science, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yan-Hong Cui
- Department of Life Science, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Woo Jin
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure and Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seon Young Nam
- Radiation Health Institute, Korea Hydro and Nuclear Power Co. Ltd, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su-Jae Lee
- Department of Life Science, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Helicobacter pylori CagA Suppresses Apoptosis through Activation of AKT in a Nontransformed Epithelial Cell Model of Glandular Acini Formation. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:761501. [PMID: 26557697 PMCID: PMC4628739 DOI: 10.1155/2015/761501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
H. pylori infection is the most important environmental risk to develop gastric cancer, mainly through its virulence factor CagA. In vitro models of CagA function have demonstrated a phosphoprotein activity targeting multiple cellular signaling pathways, while cagA transgenic mice develop carcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract, supporting oncogenic functions. However, it is still not completely clear how CagA alters cellular processes associated with carcinogenic events. In this study, we evaluated the capacity of H. pylori CagA positive and negative strains to alter nontransformed MCF-10A glandular acini formation. We found that CagA positive strains inhibited lumen formation arguing for an evasion of apoptosis activity of central acini cells. In agreement, CagA positive strains induced a cell survival activity that correlated with phosphorylation of AKT and of proapoptotic proteins BIM and BAD. Anoikis is a specific type of apoptosis characterized by AKT and BIM activation and it is the mechanism responsible for lumen formation of MCF-10A acini in vitro and mammary glands in vivo. Anoikis resistance is also a common mechanism of invading tumor cells. Our data support that CagA positive strains signaling function targets the AKT and BIM signaling pathway and this could contribute to its oncogenic activity through anoikis evasion.
Collapse
|
95
|
Kurup A, Ravindranath S, Tran T, Keating M, Gascard P, Valdevit L, Tlsty TD, Botvinick EL. Novel insights from 3D models: the pivotal role of physical symmetry in epithelial organization. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15153. [PMID: 26472542 PMCID: PMC4608012 DOI: 10.1038/srep15153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
3D tissue culture models are utilized to study breast cancer and other pathologies because they better capture the complexity of in vivo tissue architecture compared to 2D models. However, to mimic the in vivo environment, the mechanics and geometry of the ECM must also be considered. Here, we studied the mechanical environment created in two 3D models, the overlay protocol (OP) and embedded protocol (EP). Mammary epithelial acini features were compared using OP or EP under conditions known to alter acinus organization, i.e. collagen crosslinking and/or ErbB2 receptor activation. Finite element analysis and active microrheology demonstrated that OP creates a physically asymmetric environment with non-uniform mechanical stresses in radial and circumferential directions. Further contrasting with EP, acini in OP displayed cooperation between ErbB2 signalling and matrix crosslinking. These differences in acini phenotype observed between OP and EP highlight the functional impact of physical symmetry in 3D tissue culture models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Kurup
- University of California Irvine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Irvine, USA
| | - Shreyas Ravindranath
- University of California Irvine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Irvine, USA
| | - Tim Tran
- University of California Irvine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Irvine, USA
| | - Mark Keating
- University of California Irvine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Irvine, USA
| | - Philippe Gascard
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Pathology, San Francisco, USA
| | - Lorenzo Valdevit
- University of California Irvine, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Irvine, USA
| | - Thea D Tlsty
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Pathology, San Francisco, USA
| | - Elliot L Botvinick
- University of California Irvine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Irvine, USA.,University of California Irvine, Department of Surgery, Irvine, USA
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
Clocchiatti A, Di Giorgio E, Viviani G, Streuli C, Sgorbissa A, Picco R, Cutano V, Brancolini C. The MEF2-HDAC axis controls proliferation of mammary epithelial cells and acini formation in vitro. J Cell Sci 2015; 128:3961-76. [PMID: 26403201 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.170357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The myocyte enhancer factor 2 and histone deacetylase (MEF2-HDAC) axis is a master regulator of different developmental programs and adaptive responses in adults. In this paper, we have investigated the contribution of the axis to the regulation of epithelial morphogenesis, using 3D organotypic cultures of MCF10A cells as a model. We have demonstrated that MEF2 transcriptional activity is upregulated during acini formation, which coincides with exit from the proliferative phase. Upregulation of the transcription of MEF2 proteins is coupled to downregulation of HDAC7, which occurs independently from changes in mRNA levels, and proteasome- or autophagy-mediated degradation. During acini formation, the MEF2-HDAC axis contributes to the promotion of cell cycle exit, through the engagement of the CDK inhibitor CDKN1A. Only in proliferating cells can HDAC7 bind to the first intron of the CDKN1A gene, a region characterized by epigenetic markers of active promoters and enhancers. In cells transformed by the oncogene HER2 (ERBB2), acini morphogenesis is altered, MEF2 transcription is repressed and HDAC7 is continuously expressed. Importantly, reactivation of MEF2 transcriptional activity in these cells, through the use of a HER2 inhibitor or by enhancing MEF2 function, corrected the proliferative defect and re-established normal acini morphogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Clocchiatti
- Dipartiment of Medical and Biological Sciences, Università degli Studi di Udine, P.le Kolbe 4, Udine 33100, Italy
| | - Eros Di Giorgio
- Dipartiment of Medical and Biological Sciences, Università degli Studi di Udine, P.le Kolbe 4, Udine 33100, Italy
| | - Giulia Viviani
- Dipartiment of Medical and Biological Sciences, Università degli Studi di Udine, P.le Kolbe 4, Udine 33100, Italy
| | - Charles Streuli
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Andrea Sgorbissa
- Dipartiment of Medical and Biological Sciences, Università degli Studi di Udine, P.le Kolbe 4, Udine 33100, Italy
| | - Raffaella Picco
- Dipartiment of Medical and Biological Sciences, Università degli Studi di Udine, P.le Kolbe 4, Udine 33100, Italy
| | - Valentina Cutano
- Dipartiment of Medical and Biological Sciences, Università degli Studi di Udine, P.le Kolbe 4, Udine 33100, Italy
| | - Claudio Brancolini
- Dipartiment of Medical and Biological Sciences, Università degli Studi di Udine, P.le Kolbe 4, Udine 33100, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
Structural centrosome aberrations favor proliferation by abrogating microtubule-dependent tissue integrity of breast epithelial mammospheres. Oncogene 2015; 35:2711-22. [PMID: 26364601 PMCID: PMC4893635 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Revised: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Structural centrosome aberrations are frequently observed in early stage carcinomas, but their role in malignant transformation is poorly understood. Here, we examined the impact of overexpression of Ninein-like protein (Nlp) on the architecture of polarized epithelia in three-dimensional mammospheres. When Nlp was overexpressed to levels resembling those seen in human tumors, it formed striking centrosome-related bodies (CRBs), which sequestered Ninein and affected the kinetics of microtubule (MT) nucleation and release. In turn, the profound reorganization of the MT cytoskeleton resulted in mislocalization of several adhesion and junction proteins as well as the tumor suppressor Scribble, resulting in the disruption of epithelial polarity, cell-cell interactions and mammosphere architecture. Remarkably, cells harboring Nlp-CRBs displayed an enhanced proliferative response to epidermal growth factor. These results demonstrate that structural centrosome aberrations cause not only the disruption of epithelial polarity but also favor overproliferation, two phenotypes typically associated with human carcinomas.
Collapse
|
98
|
Blasky AJ, Mangan A, Prekeris R. Polarized protein transport and lumen formation during epithelial tissue morphogenesis. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 2015; 31:575-91. [PMID: 26359775 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-cellbio-100814-125323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
One of the major challenges in biology is to explain how complex tissues and organs arise from the collective action of individual polarized cells. The best-studied model of this process is the cross talk between individual epithelial cells during their polarization to form the multicellular epithelial lumen during tissue morphogenesis. Multiple mechanisms of apical lumen formation have been proposed. Some epithelial lumens form from preexisting polarized epithelial structures. However, de novo lumen formation from nonpolarized cells has recently emerged as an important driver of epithelial tissue morphogenesis, especially during the formation of small epithelial tubule networks. In this review, we discuss the latest findings regarding the mechanisms and regulation of de novo lumen formation in vitro and in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex J Blasky
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045;
| | - Anthony Mangan
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045;
| | - Rytis Prekeris
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045;
| |
Collapse
|
99
|
Liu S, Meng X, Chen H, Liu W, Miller T, Murph M, Lu Y, Zhang F, Gagea M, Arteaga CL, Mills GB, Meric-Bernstam F, González-Angulo AM. Targeting tyrosine-kinases and estrogen receptor abrogates resistance to endocrine therapy in breast cancer. Oncotarget 2015; 5:9049-64. [PMID: 24979294 PMCID: PMC4253418 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite numerous therapies that effectively inhibit estrogen signaling in breast cancer, a significant proportion of patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive malignancy will succumb to their disease. Herein we demonstrate that long-term estrogen deprivation (LTED) therapy among ER-positive breast cancer cells results in the adaptive increase in ER expression and subsequent activation of multiple tyrosine kinases. Combination therapy with the ER down-regulator fulvestrant and dasatinib, a broad kinase inhibitor, exhibits synergistic activity against LTED cells, by reduction of cell proliferation, cell survival, cell invasion and mammary acinar formation. Screening kinase phosphorylation using protein arrays and functional proteomic analysis demonstrates that the combination of fulvestrant and dasatinib inhibits multiple tyrosine kinases and cancer-related pathways that are constitutively activated in LTED cells. Because LTED cells display increased insulin receptor (InsR)/insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) signaling, we added an ant-IGF-1 antibody to the combination with fulvestrant and dasatinib in an effort to further increase the inhibition. However, adding MK0646 only modestly increased the inhibition of cell growth in monolayer culture, but neither suppressed acinar formation nor inhibited cell migration in vitro and invasion in vivo. Therefore, combinations of fulvestrant and dasatinib, but not MK0646, may benefit patients with tyrosine-kinase-activated, endocrine therapy-resistant breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuying Liu
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Xiaolong Meng
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Huiqin Chen
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Wenbin Liu
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Todd Miller
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH. Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Mandi Murph
- University of Georgia College of Pharmacy, Athens, GA
| | - Yiling Lu
- Systems Biology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Fan Zhang
- Systems Biology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Mihai Gagea
- Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Carlos L Arteaga
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN. Breast Cancer Research Program, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN. Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Gordon B Mills
- Systems Biology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Funda Meric-Bernstam
- Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Ana M González-Angulo
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX. Systems Biology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| |
Collapse
|
100
|
Qu Y, Han B, Yu Y, Yao W, Bose S, Karlan BY, Giuliano AE, Cui X. Evaluation of MCF10A as a Reliable Model for Normal Human Mammary Epithelial Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131285. [PMID: 26147507 PMCID: PMC4493126 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and a leading cause of cancer-related deaths for women worldwide. Various cell models have been developed to study breast cancer tumorigenesis, metastasis, and drug sensitivity. The MCF10A human mammary epithelial cell line is a widely used in vitro model for studying normal breast cell function and transformation. However, there is limited knowledge about whether MCF10A cells reliably represent normal human mammary cells. MCF10A cells were grown in monolayer, suspension (mammosphere culture), three-dimensional (3D) “on-top” Matrigel, 3D “cell-embedded” Matrigel, or mixed Matrigel/collagen I gel. Suspension culture was performed with the MammoCult medium and low-attachment culture plates. Cells grown in 3D culture were fixed and subjected to either immunofluorescence staining or embedding and sectioning followed by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining. Cells or slides were stained for protein markers commonly used to identify mammary progenitor and epithelial cells. MCF10A cells expressed markers representing luminal, basal, and progenitor phenotypes in two-dimensional (2D) culture. When grown in suspension culture, MCF10A cells showed low mammosphere-forming ability. Cells in mammospheres and 3D culture expressed both luminal and basal markers. Surprisingly, the acinar structure formed by MCF10A cells in 3D culture was positive for both basal markers and the milk proteins β-casein and α-lactalbumin. MCF10A cells exhibit a unique differentiated phenotype in 3D culture which may not exist or be rare in normal human breast tissue. Our results raise a question as to whether the commonly used MCF10A cell line is a suitable model for human mammary cell studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Qu
- Department of Surgery, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Bingchen Han
- Department of Surgery, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Yi Yu
- Department of Surgery, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Weiwu Yao
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Shikha Bose
- Department of Pathology, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Beth Y. Karlan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women’s Cancer Program, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Armando E. Giuliano
- Department of Surgery, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Xiaojiang Cui
- Department of Surgery, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women’s Cancer Program, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|