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Zhou P, Qin L, Ge Z, Xie B, Huang H, He F, Ma S, Ren L, Shi J, Pei S, Dong G, Qi Y, Lan F. Design of chemically defined synthetic substrate surfaces for the in vitro maintenance of human pluripotent stem cells: A review. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2022; 110:1968-1990. [PMID: 35226397 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have the potential of long-term self-renewal and differentiation into nearly all cell types in vitro. Prior to the downstream applications, the design of chemically defined synthetic substrates for the large-scale proliferation of quality-controlled hPSCs is critical. Although great achievements have been made, Matrigel and recombinant proteins are still widely used in the fundamental research and clinical applications. Therefore, much effort is still needed to improve the performance of synthetic substrates in the culture of hPSCs, realizing their commercial applications. In this review, we summarized the design of reported synthetic substrates and especially their limitations in terms of cell culture. Moreover, much attention was paid to the development of promising peptide displaying surfaces. Besides, the biophysical regulation of synthetic substrate surfaces as well as the three-dimensional culture systems were described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhou
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Liying Qin
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhangjie Ge
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Biyao Xie
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hongxin Huang
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fei He
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shengqin Ma
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lina Ren
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiamin Shi
- Department of Laboratory Animal Centre, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
| | - Suying Pei
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Genxi Dong
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yongmei Qi
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Feng Lan
- Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Shenzhen, China
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Floy ME, Shabnam F, Simmons AD, Bhute VJ, Jin G, Friedrich WA, Steinberg AB, Palecek SP. Advances in Manufacturing Cardiomyocytes from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. Annu Rev Chem Biomol Eng 2022; 13:255-278. [PMID: 35320695 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092120-033922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) technology over the past two decades has provided a source of normal and diseased human cells for a wide variety of in vitro and in vivo applications. Notably, hPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CMs) are widely used to model human heart development and disease and are in clinical trials for treating heart disease. The success of hPSC-CMs in these applications requires robust, scalable approaches to manufacture large numbers of safe and potent cells. Although significant advances have been made over the past decade in improving the purity and yield of hPSC-CMs and scaling the differentiation process from 2D to 3D, efforts to induce maturation phenotypes during manufacturing have been slow. Process monitoring and closed-loop manufacturing strategies are just being developed. We discuss recent advances in hPSC-CM manufacturing, including differentiation process development and scaling and downstream processes as well as separation and stabilization. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Volume 13 is October 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha E Floy
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; , , , , ,
| | - Fathima Shabnam
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; , , , , ,
| | - Aaron D Simmons
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; , , , , ,
| | - Vijesh J Bhute
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; , .,Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gyuhyung Jin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA;
| | - Will A Friedrich
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; , , , , ,
| | - Alexandra B Steinberg
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; , , , , ,
| | - Sean P Palecek
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; , , , , ,
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Shimizu E, Iguchi H, Le MNT, Nakamura Y, Kobayashi D, Arai Y, Takakura K, Benno S, Yoshida N, Tsukahara M, Haneda S, Hasegawa K. A chemically-defined plastic scaffold for the xeno-free production of human pluripotent stem cells. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2516. [PMID: 35169157 PMCID: PMC8847402 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06356-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical use of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) is hampered by the technical limitations of their expansion. Here, we developed a chemically synthetic culture substrate for human pluripotent stem cell attachment and maintenance. The substrate comprises a hydrophobic polyvinyl butyral-based polymer (PVB) and a short peptide that enables easy and uniform coating of various types of cell culture ware. The coated ware exhibited thermotolerance, underwater stability and could be stored at room temperature. The substrate supported hPSC expansion in combination with most commercial culture media with an efficiency similar to that of commercial substrates. It supported not only the long-term expansion of examined iPS and ES cell lines with normal karyotypes during their undifferentiated state but also directed differentiation of three germ layers. This substrate resolves major concerns associated with currently used recombinant protein substrates and could be applied in large-scale automated manufacturing; it is suitable for affordable and stable production of clinical-grade hPSCs and hPSC-derived products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiko Shimizu
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
- CiRA Foundation, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin-Kawara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8397, Japan
| | - Hiroki Iguchi
- Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., 2-1 Hyakuyama, Shimamoto-cho, Mishima-gun, Osaka, 618-0021, Japan
| | - Minh Nguyen Tuyet Le
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yuta Nakamura
- Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., 2-1 Hyakuyama, Shimamoto-cho, Mishima-gun, Osaka, 618-0021, Japan
| | - Daigo Kobayashi
- Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., 2-1 Hyakuyama, Shimamoto-cho, Mishima-gun, Osaka, 618-0021, Japan
| | - Yuhei Arai
- Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., 2-1 Hyakuyama, Shimamoto-cho, Mishima-gun, Osaka, 618-0021, Japan
| | - Kenta Takakura
- Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., 2-1 Hyakuyama, Shimamoto-cho, Mishima-gun, Osaka, 618-0021, Japan
| | - Seiko Benno
- Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., 2-1 Hyakuyama, Shimamoto-cho, Mishima-gun, Osaka, 618-0021, Japan
| | - Noriko Yoshida
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Tsukahara
- CiRA Foundation, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin-Kawara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8397, Japan
| | - Satoshi Haneda
- Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., 2-1 Hyakuyama, Shimamoto-cho, Mishima-gun, Osaka, 618-0021, Japan.
| | - Kouichi Hasegawa
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
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Klein SG, Alsolami SM, Arossa S, Ramos-Mandujano G, Parry AJ, Steckbauer A, Duarte CM, Li M. In situ monitoring reveals cellular environmental instabilities in human pluripotent stem cell culture. Commun Biol 2022; 5:119. [PMID: 35136190 PMCID: PMC8826360 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03065-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian cell cultures are a keystone resource in biomedical research, but the results of published experiments often suffer from reproducibility challenges. This has led to a focus on the influence of cell culture conditions on cellular responses and reproducibility of experimental findings. Here, we perform frequent in situ monitoring of dissolved O2 and CO2 with optical sensor spots and contemporaneous evaluation of cell proliferation and medium pH in standard batch cultures of three widely used human somatic and pluripotent stem cell lines. We collate data from the literature to demonstrate that standard cell cultures consistently exhibit environmental instability, indicating that this may be a pervasive issue affecting experimental findings. Our results show that in vitro cell cultures consistently undergo large departures of environmental parameters during standard batch culture. These findings should catalyze further efforts to increase the relevance of experimental results to the in vivo physiology and enhance reproducibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon G Klein
- Red Sea Research Center (RSRC) and Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samhan M Alsolami
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Silvia Arossa
- Red Sea Research Center (RSRC) and Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gerardo Ramos-Mandujano
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anieka J Parry
- Red Sea Research Center (RSRC) and Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alexandra Steckbauer
- Red Sea Research Center (RSRC) and Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Carlos M Duarte
- Red Sea Research Center (RSRC) and Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mo Li
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia.
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Koc A, Cagavi E. Replating Protocol for Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2520:161-170. [PMID: 34845657 DOI: 10.1007/7651_2021_450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CM) create an unlimited cell source for basic and translational cardiac research. Obtaining hiPSC-CM culture as a single-cell, monolayer or three-dimensional clusters for downstream applications can be challenging. Thus, it is critical to develop replating strategies for hiPSC-CMs by evaluating different enzymatic or nonenzymatic reagents for dissociation and seeding on different coating materials. To reseed hiPSC-CMs with high viability and at structures desirable for the downstream applications, here we defined optimized protocols to dissociate hiPSC-CMs by using collagenase A&B, Collagenase II, TrypLE, and EDTA and reseeding on various matrix materials including fibronectin, laminin, imatrix, Matrigel, and Geltrex. By the replating methods described here, a single cell or cluster-containing hiPSC-CM cultures can be generated effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arzuhan Koc
- Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center (REMER), Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technologies (SABITA), Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Medical Microbiology Graduate Program, Health Sciences Institute, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Cagavi
- Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center (REMER), Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technologies (SABITA), Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey.
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey.
- Medical Biology and Genetics Graduate Program, Health Sciences Institute, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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56
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Majid QA, Orsolits B, Pohjolainen L, Kovács Z, Földes G, Talman V. Application of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Technology for Cardiovascular Regenerative Pharmacology. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2454:163-196. [PMID: 33755910 DOI: 10.1007/7651_2021_369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are one of the leading causes of mortality in the western world. Myocardial infarction is among the most prevalent and results in significant cell loss within the myocardium. Similarly, numerous drugs have been identified as having cardiotoxic side effects. The adult human heart is however unable to instigate an effective repair mechanism and regenerate the myocardium in response to such damage. This is in large part due to the withdrawal of cardiomyocytes (CMs) from the cell cycle. Thus, identifying, screening, and developing agents that could enhance the proliferative capacity of CMs holds great potential in cardiac regeneration. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) and their cardiovascular derivatives are excellent tools in the search for such agents. This chapter outlines state-of-the art techniques for the two-dimensional differentiation and attainment of hiPSC-derived CMs and endothelial cells (ECs). Bioreactor systems and three-dimensional spheroids derived from hiPSC-cardiovascular derivatives are explored as platforms for drug discovery before focusing on relevant assays that can be employed to assess cell proliferation and viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qasim A Majid
- Drug Research Program and Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Barbara Orsolits
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lotta Pohjolainen
- Drug Research Program and Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Zsófia Kovács
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Földes
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Virpi Talman
- Drug Research Program and Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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Adachi H, Morizane A, Torikoshi S, Raudzus F, Taniguchi Y, Miyamoto S, Sekiguchi K, Takahashi J. OUP accepted manuscript. Stem Cells Transl Med 2022; 11:767-777. [PMID: 35605097 PMCID: PMC9299512 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szac033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hiromasa Adachi
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Asuka Morizane
- Corresponding authors: Asuka Morizane, MD, PhD, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Center for Clinical Research and Innovation, 2-1-1, Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650 0046, Japan, Tel: +81 78 302 4321; Fax: +81 78 302 7537;
| | - Sadaharu Torikoshi
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Fabian Raudzus
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Neuronal Signaling and Regeneration Unit, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Medical Education Center/International Education Section, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Susumu Miyamoto
- Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Center for Clinical Research and Innovation, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kiyotoshi Sekiguchi
- Kiyotoshi Sekiguchi, PhD (for chimeric laminin fragments), Division of Matrixome Research and Application, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. Tel: +81 6 6105 5935; Fax: +81 6 6105 5935; Email;
| | - Jun Takahashi
- Jun Takahashi, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan. Tel: +81 75 366 7052; Fax: +81 75 366 7071;
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Skowron-Kandzia K, Tomsia M, Koryciak-Komarska H, Plewka D, Wieczorek P, Czekaj P. Gene Expression in Amnion-Derived Cells Cultured on Recombinant Laminin 332-A Preliminary Study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:719899. [PMID: 34859000 PMCID: PMC8631290 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.719899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Human amniotic cells (hAC) exhibit characteristics of undifferentiated cells and immunomodulatory properties. Recognition of the relationship between amniotic cells and components of the extracellular matrix is an important condition for their ex vivo preparation and further successful clinical application in regenerative medicine and transplantology. Laminin 332 (LN-332), as a natural component of the basement membrane of amniotic epithelial cells and a ligand for integrin receptors, may strongly influence the phenotype and fate of amniotic cells. We investigated the impact of recombinant LN-332 on hAC viability and expression of markers for pluripotency, early differentiation, adhesion, and immunomodulatory properties. During 14 days of culture, hAC were quantified and qualified by light microscopy, immunohistochemistry, immunocytochemistry, and flow cytometry. Gene expression was assessed with real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) arrays and compared with differentiated cells originated from the three germ layers. LN-332 caused an over 2-fold increase in the total number of hAC, accompanied by a 75% reduction of SSEA-4-positive cells and an increase in HLA-ABC-positive cells. In particular, we observed that the presence of laminin 332 in the medium of a short-time culture modifies the effect of culture duration on hAC, enhancing time-dependent inhibition of expression of certain genes, including pluripotency and differentiation markers, laminin 332 subunits (which may be part of self-regulation of LN-332 synthesis by amniotic cells), and integrins. The changes observed in hAC were more distinct with respect to differentiated mesenchymal cells, resulting in more comparable phenotypes than those represented by differentiated endo- and ectodermal cells. We concluded that laminin 332 present in the culture medium influences to a certain extent proliferation, adhesion, and differentiation of amniotic cells in culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Skowron-Kandzia
- Students Scientific Society, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Marcin Tomsia
- Department of Cytophysiology, Chair of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Halina Koryciak-Komarska
- Department of Cytophysiology, Chair of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Danuta Plewka
- Department of Cytophysiology, Chair of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Patrycja Wieczorek
- Department of Cytophysiology, Chair of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Piotr Czekaj
- Department of Cytophysiology, Chair of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
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Takagi R, Tanuma-Takahashi A, Akiyama S, Kaneko W, Miura C, Yamato M, Shimizu T, Umezawa A. Laminin-511-derived recombinant fragment and Rho kinase inhibitor Y-27632 facilitate serial cultivation of keratinocytes differentiated from human embryonic stem cells. Regen Ther 2021; 18:242-252. [PMID: 34409136 PMCID: PMC8342860 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Keratinocytes derived from pluripotent stem cells have a short proliferative lifespan under conventional culture conditions that are optimized for keratinocytes. Recently, a Rho kinase inhibitor, Y-27632, had been used as a standard supplement for culture medium in which the proliferative lifespan of postnatal keratinocytes was markedly expanded. In addition, recombinant human laminin-511 was demonstrated to be an adhesive ligand for promoting proliferation of cultured epidermal keratinocytes. Based on this knowledge, efficacies of Y-27632 and a laminin511-derived recombinant fragment, known as laminin-511 E8 fragment (LN-511-E8), were evaluated for establishing cultivation methods of keratinocyte differentiated from human embryonic stem cells (hESC). METHODS Differentiated cells from hESCs, which were established with clinical grade in previous study, were seeded onto culture dishes coated with LN-511-E8 and co-cultured with a mouse feeder layer in serum-free medium supplemented with Y-27632. Before serial cultivation, hESC-derived keratinocytes were separated from other differentiated cells by trypsinization. The isolated hESC-derived keratinocytes were used for evaluating clonogenicity, gene expression analysis for keratinocyte markers, potency of terminal differentiation by air-lifting culture, and long-term proliferation activity by serial cultivation. Moreover, efficacies of Y-27632, LN-511-E8, and mouse feeder layer were evaluated on proliferation of hESC-derived keratinocytes. RESULTS hESC-derived keratinocytes with activity of clonal growth were successfully isolated by trypsinization and exhibited potency of differentiation to form stratified epidermal equivalents with expressions of progenitor and differentiation markers of epidermal keratinocyte. Y-27632 and LN-511-E8 were required for maintaining the proliferative activity of the hESC-derived keratinocytes in serially cultivation using mouse feeder layer with stable doubling time during logarithmic growth phase. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate the utility of Y-27632 and LN-511-E8 for serial cultivation of hESC-derived keratinocytes, which have a potential for fabricating allogeneic cellular products in clinical situations for regeneration of stratified epithelial tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Takagi
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development Research Institute, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, TWIns, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Akiko Tanuma-Takahashi
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development Research Institute, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Saeko Akiyama
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development Research Institute, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Wakana Kaneko
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development Research Institute, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Chika Miura
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development Research Institute, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yamato
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, TWIns, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Shimizu
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, TWIns, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Akihiro Umezawa
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development Research Institute, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells as a Tool for Modeling Hematologic Disorders and as a Potential Source for Cell-Based Therapies. Cells 2021; 10:cells10113250. [PMID: 34831472 PMCID: PMC8623953 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The breakthrough in human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) has revolutionized the field of biomedical and pharmaceutical research and opened up vast opportunities for drug discovery and regenerative medicine, especially when combined with gene-editing technology. Numerous healthy and patient-derived hiPSCs for human disease modeling have been established, enabling mechanistic studies of pathogenesis, platforms for preclinical drug screening, and the development of novel therapeutic targets/approaches. Additionally, hiPSCs hold great promise for cell-based therapy, serving as an attractive cell source for generating stem/progenitor cells or functional differentiated cells for degenerative diseases, due to their unlimited proliferative capacity, pluripotency, and ethical acceptability. In this review, we provide an overview of hiPSCs and their utility in the study of hematologic disorders through hematopoietic differentiation. We highlight recent hereditary and acquired genetic hematologic disease modeling with patient-specific iPSCs, and discuss their applications as instrumental drug screening tools. The clinical applications of hiPSCs in cell-based therapy, including the next-generation cancer immunotherapy, are provided. Lastly, we discuss the current challenges that need to be addressed to fulfill the validity of hiPSC-based disease modeling and future perspectives of hiPSCs in the field of hematology.
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Spinozzi D, Miron A, Bruinsma M, Dapena I, Kocaba V, Jager MJ, Melles GRJ, Ni Dhubhghaill S, Oellerich S. New developments in corneal endothelial cell replacement. Acta Ophthalmol 2021; 99:712-729. [PMID: 33369235 DOI: 10.1111/aos.14722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Corneal transplantation is currently the most effective treatment to restore corneal clarity in patients with endothelial disorders. Endothelial transplantation, either by Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) or by Descemet stripping (automated) endothelial keratoplasty (DS(A)EK), is a surgical approach that replaces diseased Descemet membrane and endothelium with tissue from a healthy donor eye. Its application, however, is limited by the availability of healthy donor tissue. To increase the pool of endothelial grafts, research has focused on developing new treatment options as alternatives to conventional corneal transplantation. These treatment options can be considered as either 'surgery-based', that is tissue-efficient modifications of the current techniques (e.g. Descemet stripping only (DSO)/Descemetorhexis without endothelial keratoplasty (DWEK) and Quarter-DMEK), or 'cell-based' approaches, which rely on in vitro expansion of human corneal endothelial cells (hCEC) (i.e. cultured corneal endothelial cell sheet transplantation and cell injection). In this review, we will focus on the most recent developments in the field of the 'cell-based' approaches. Starting with the description of aspects involved in the isolation of hCEC from donor tissue, we then describe the different natural and bioengineered carriers currently used in endothelial cell sheet transplantation, and finally, we discuss the current 'state of the art' in novel therapeutic approaches such as endothelial cell injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Spinozzi
- Netherlands Institute for Innovative Ocular Surgery Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Alina Miron
- Netherlands Institute for Innovative Ocular Surgery Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Marieke Bruinsma
- Netherlands Institute for Innovative Ocular Surgery Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Isabel Dapena
- Netherlands Institute for Innovative Ocular Surgery Rotterdam The Netherlands
- Melles Cornea Clinic Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Viridiana Kocaba
- Netherlands Institute for Innovative Ocular Surgery Rotterdam The Netherlands
- Melles Cornea Clinic Rotterdam The Netherlands
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Group Singapore Eye Research Institute Singapore Singapore
| | - Martine J. Jager
- Department of Ophthalmology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Gerrit R. J. Melles
- Netherlands Institute for Innovative Ocular Surgery Rotterdam The Netherlands
- Melles Cornea Clinic Rotterdam The Netherlands
- Amnitrans EyeBank Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Sorcha Ni Dhubhghaill
- Netherlands Institute for Innovative Ocular Surgery Rotterdam The Netherlands
- Melles Cornea Clinic Rotterdam The Netherlands
- Antwerp University Hospital (UZA) Edegem Belgium
| | - Silke Oellerich
- Netherlands Institute for Innovative Ocular Surgery Rotterdam The Netherlands
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62
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Lim J, Sakai E, Sakurai F, Mizuguchi H. miR-27b antagonizes BMP signaling in early differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19820. [PMID: 34615950 PMCID: PMC8494899 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99403-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem (hiPS) cells are feasible materials for studying the biological mechanisms underlying human embryogenesis. In early embryogenesis, definitive endoderm and mesoderm are differentiated from their common precursor, mesendoderm. Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling is responsible for regulating mesendoderm and mesoderm formation. Micro RNAs (miRNAs), short non-coding RNAs, broadly regulate biological processes via post-transcriptional repression. The expression of miR-27b, which is enriched in somatic cells, has been reported to increase through definitive endoderm and hepatic differentiation, but little is known about how miR-27b acts during early differentiation. Here, we used miR-27b-inducible hiPS cells to investigate the roles of miR-27b in the undifferentiated and early-differentiated stages. In undifferentiated hiPS cells, miR-27b suppressed the expression of pluripotency markers [alkaline phosphatase (AP) and nanog homeobox (NANOG)] and cell proliferation. Once differentiation began, miR-27b expression repressed phosphorylated SMAD1/5, the mediators of the BMP signaling, throughout definitive endoderm differentiation. Consistent with the above findings, miR-27b overexpression downregulated BMP-induced mesendodermal marker genes [Brachyury, mix paired-like homeobox 1 (MIXL1) and eomesodermin (EOMES)], suggesting that miR-27b had an inhibitory effect on early differentiation. Collectively, our findings revealed a novel antagonistic role of miR-27b in the BMP signaling pathway in the early differentiation of hiPS cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeeun Lim
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Eiko Sakai
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Fuminori Sakurai
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Mizuguchi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan. .,Laboratory of Hepatocyte Regulation, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 7-6-8 Saito, Asagi, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan. .,The Center for Advanced Medical Engineering and Informatics, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan. .,Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
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63
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Sung TC, Lu MW, Tian Z, Lee HHC, Pan J, Ling QD, Higuchi A. Poly(vinyl alcohol- co-itaconic acid) hydrogels grafted with several designed peptides for human pluripotent stem cell culture and differentiation into cardiomyocytes. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:7662-7673. [PMID: 34586153 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01555a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We developed poly(vinyl alcohol-co-itaconic acid) (PV) hydrogels grafted with laminin-derived peptides that had different joint segments and several specific designs, including dual chain motifs. PV hydrogels grafted with a peptide derived from laminin-β4 (PMQKMRGDVFSP) containing a joint segment, dual chain motif and cationic amino acid insertion could attach human pluripotent stem (hPS) cells and promoted high expansion folds in long-term culture (over 10 passages) with low differentiation rates, whereas hPS cells attached poorly on PV hydrogels grafted with laminin-α5 peptides that had joint segments with and without a cationic amino acid or on PV hydrogels grafted with laminin-β4 peptides containing the joint segment only. The inclusion of a cationic amino acid in the laminin-β4 peptide was critical for hPS cell attachment on PV hydrogels, which contributed to the zeta potential shifting to higher values (3-4 mV enhancement). The novel peptide segment-grafted PV hydrogels developed in this study supported hPS cell proliferation, which induced better hPS cell expansion than recombinant vitronectin-coated dishes (gold standard of hPS cell culture dishes) in xeno-free culture conditions. After long-term culture on peptide-grafted hydrogels, hPS cells could be induced to differentiate into specific lineages of cells, such as cardiomyocytes, with high efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Cheng Sung
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, The Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China.
| | - Ming-Wei Lu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, No. 300, Jhongda RD., Jhongli, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan.
| | - Zeyu Tian
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, The Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China.
| | - Henry Hsin-Chung Lee
- Department of Surgery, Hsinchu Cathay General Hospital, No. 678, Sec 2, Zhonghua Rd., Hsinchu, 30060, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Translational and Interdisciplinary Medicine, National Central University, No. 300, Jhongda RD., Jhongli, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan
| | - Jiandong Pan
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, The Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China.
| | - Qing-Dong Ling
- Cathay Medical Research Institute, Cathay General Hospital, No. 32, Ln 160, Jian-Cheng Road, Hsi-Chi City, Taipei 221, Taiwan
| | - Akon Higuchi
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, The Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China. .,Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, No. 300, Jhongda RD., Jhongli, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan. .,R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan.,Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, Riken Cluster for Pioneering Research, Riken, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.,Department of Reproduction, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
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64
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Sidhu I, Barwe SP, Kiick KL, Kolb EA, Gopalakrishnapillai A. A 3-D hydrogel based system for hematopoietic differentiation and its use in modeling down syndrome associated transient myeloproliferative disorder. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:6266-6281. [PMID: 34369483 PMCID: PMC8570143 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm00442e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) provide an extraordinary tool for disease modeling owing to their potential to differentiate into the desired cell type. The differentiation of iPSCs is typically performed on 2-dimensional monolayers of stromal cell or animal tissue derived extracellular matrices. Recent advancements in disease modeling have utilized iPSCs in 3-dimensional (3D) cultures to study diseases such as muscular dystrophy, cardiomyopathy, and pulmonary fibrosis. However, these approaches are yet to be explored in modeling the hematological malignancies. Transient myeloproliferative disorder (TMD) is a preleukemic stage, which is induced in 10-20% of children with trisomy 21 possessing the pathognomonic mutation in the transcription factor GATA1. In this study, we established a synthetic 3D iPSC culture system for modeling TMD via hematopoietic differentiation of customized iPSCs. A chemically cross-linkable PEG hydrogel decorated with integrin binding peptide was found to be permissive of hematopoietic differentiation of iPSCs. It provided a cost-effective system for the generation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) with higher yield of early HSPCs compared to traditional 2D culture on Matrigel coated dishes. Characterization of the HSPCs produced from the iPSC lines cultured in 3D showed that the erythroid population was reduced whereas the megakaryoid and myeloid populations were significantly increased in GATA1 mutant trisomic line compared to disomic or trisomic lines with wild-type GATA1, consistent with TMD characteristics. In conclusion, we have identified a cost-effective tunable 3D hydrogel system to model TMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishnoor Sidhu
- Nemours Centers for Childhood Cancer Research and Cancer & Blood Disorders, A.I. DuPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA.
- University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19711, USA
| | - Sonali P Barwe
- Nemours Centers for Childhood Cancer Research and Cancer & Blood Disorders, A.I. DuPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA.
- University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19711, USA
| | | | - E Anders Kolb
- Nemours Centers for Childhood Cancer Research and Cancer & Blood Disorders, A.I. DuPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA.
| | - Anilkumar Gopalakrishnapillai
- Nemours Centers for Childhood Cancer Research and Cancer & Blood Disorders, A.I. DuPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA.
- University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19711, USA
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65
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Zhu XY, Chen YH, Zhang T, Liu SJ, Bai XY, Huang XY, Jiang M, Sun XD. Improvement of human embryonic stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelium cell adhesion, maturation, and function through coating with truncated recombinant human vitronectin. Int J Ophthalmol 2021; 14:1160-1167. [PMID: 34414078 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2021.08.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To explore an xeno-free and defined coating substrate suitable for the culture of H9 human embryonic stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelial (hES-RPE) cells in vitro, and compare the behaviors and functions of hES-RPE cells on two culture substrates, laminin521 (LN-521) and truncated recombinant human vitronectin (VTN-N). METHODS hES-RPE cells were used in the experiment. The abilities of LN-521 and VTN-N at different concentrations to adhere to hES-RPE cells were compared with a high-content imaging system. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to evaluate RPE-specific gene expression levels midway (day 10) and at the end (day 20) of the time course. Cell polarity was observed by immunofluorescent staining for apical and basal markers of the RPE. The phagocytic ability of hES-RPE cells was identified by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. RESULTS The cell adhesion assay showed that the ability of LN-521 to adhere to hES-RPE cells was dose-dependent. With increasing coating concentration, an increasing number of cells attached to the surface of LN-521-coated wells. In contrast, VTN-N presented a strong adhesive ability even at a low concentration. The optimal concentration of LN-521 and VTN-N required to coat and adhesion to hES-RPE cells were 2 and 0.25 µg/cm2, respectively. Furthermore, both LN-521 and VTN-N could facilitate adoption of the desired cobblestone cellular morphology with tight junction and showed polarity by the hES-RPE cells. However, hES-RPE cells cultivated in VTN-N had a greater phagocytic ability, and it took less time for these hES-RPE cells to mature. CONCLUSION VTN-N is a more suitable coating substrate for cultivating hES-RPE cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yue Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Yu-Hong Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Su-Jun Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Xin-Yue Bai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Xian-Yu Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Mei Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai 200080, China
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Arimori T, Miyazaki N, Mihara E, Takizawa M, Taniguchi Y, Cabañas C, Sekiguchi K, Takagi J. Structural mechanism of laminin recognition by integrin. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4012. [PMID: 34188035 PMCID: PMC8241838 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24184-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recognition of laminin by integrin receptors is central to the epithelial cell adhesion to basement membrane, but the structural background of this molecular interaction remained elusive. Here, we report the structures of the prototypic laminin receptor α6β1 integrin alone and in complex with three-chain laminin-511 fragment determined via crystallography and cryo-electron microscopy, respectively. The laminin-integrin interface is made up of several binding sites located on all five subunits, with the laminin γ1 chain C-terminal portion providing focal interaction using two carboxylate anchor points to bridge metal-ion dependent adhesion site of integrin β1 subunit and Asn189 of integrin α6 subunit. Laminin α5 chain also contributes to the affinity and specificity by making electrostatic interactions with large surface on the β-propeller domain of α6, part of which comprises an alternatively spliced X1 region. The propeller sheet corresponding to this region shows unusually high mobility, suggesting its unique role in ligand capture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takao Arimori
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Laboratory for Protein Synthesis and Expression, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka Japan
| | - Naoyuki Miyazaki
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Laboratory for Protein Synthesis and Expression, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka Japan ,grid.20515.330000 0001 2369 4728Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Emiko Mihara
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Laboratory for Protein Synthesis and Expression, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka Japan
| | - Mamoru Takizawa
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Division of Matrixome Research and Application, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka Japan
| | - Yukimasa Taniguchi
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Division of Matrixome Research and Application, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka Japan
| | - Carlos Cabañas
- grid.465524.4Cell-cell Communication & Inflammation Unit, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain ,grid.4795.f0000 0001 2157 7667Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology (IOO), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain ,grid.144756.50000 0001 1945 5329Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Kiyotoshi Sekiguchi
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Division of Matrixome Research and Application, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka Japan
| | - Junichi Takagi
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Laboratory for Protein Synthesis and Expression, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka Japan
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67
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Watanabe S, Hayashi R, Sasamoto Y, Tsujikawa M, Ksander BR, Frank MH, Quantock AJ, Frank NY, Nishida K. Human iPS cells engender corneal epithelial stem cells with holoclone-forming capabilities. iScience 2021; 24:102688. [PMID: 34195566 PMCID: PMC8233200 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) can generate a multiplicity of organoids, yet no compelling evidence currently exists as to whether or not these contain tissue-specific, holoclone-forming stem cells. Here, we show that a subpopulation of cells in a hiPSC-derived corneal epithelial cell sheet is positive for ABCB5 (ATP-binding cassette, sub-family B, member 5), a functional marker of adult corneal epithelial stem cells. These cells possess remarkable holoclone-forming capabilities, which can be suppressed by an antibody-mediated ABCB5 blockade. The cell sheets are generated from ABCB5+ hiPSCs that first emerge in 2D eye-like organoids around six weeks of differentiation and display corneal epithelial immunostaining characteristics and gene expression patterns, including sustained expression of ABCB5. The findings highlight the translational potential of ABCB5-enriched, hiPSC-derived corneal epithelial cell sheets to recover vision in stem cell-deficient human eyes and represent the first report of holoclone-forming stem cells being directly identified in an hiPSC-derived organoid. Human iPS cell-derived corneal epithelia contain ABCB5-positive stem cells The ABCB5-positive cells possess holoclone-forming capabilities An antibody-mediated ABCB5 blockade suppresses holoclone formation Holoclone-forming stem cells are present in a human iPS cell-derived tissue construct
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Watanabe
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ryuhei Hayashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Stem Cells and Applied Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuzuru Sasamoto
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Motokazu Tsujikawa
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Division of Health Sciences, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Bruce R Ksander
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Markus H Frank
- Transplant Research Program, Division of Nephrology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02138, USA.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Andrew J Quantock
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, Wales, UK
| | - Natasha Y Frank
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02138, USA.,Department of Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA
| | - Kohji Nishida
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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68
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Kawase E, Takada K, Nakatani R, Yamazaki S, Suemori H. Generation of clinical-grade human embryonic stem cell line KthES11 according to Japanese regulations. Stem Cell Res 2021; 54:102383. [PMID: 34126558 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2021.102383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The human embryonic stem cell line, KthES11, is derived from a normal healthy blastocyst donated for clinical research. The inner cell mass (ICM) was isolated using mechanical dissection and plated on laminin fragments. Cell line derivation, its propagation and storage were performed without feeders in an animal product-free environment according to current Good Manufacturing Practice (cGMP) standards. KthES11 shows a normal karyotype, pluripotent state and differentiation to the three germ layers. The cell line was further validated for sterility, mycoplasma-free, antibiotic residues and specific human pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eihachiro Kawase
- Division of Clinical Basis for ES Cell Research, Center for Human ES Cell Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kei Takada
- Division of Clinical Basis for ES Cell Research, Center for Human ES Cell Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Ryoko Nakatani
- Division of Clinical Basis for ES Cell Research, Center for Human ES Cell Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shizuka Yamazaki
- Division of Clinical Basis for ES Cell Research, Center for Human ES Cell Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Suemori
- Division of Clinical Basis for ES Cell Research, Center for Human ES Cell Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
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69
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The pluripotent stem cell-specific transcript ESRG is dispensable for human pluripotency. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009587. [PMID: 34033652 PMCID: PMC8184003 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) express human endogenous retrovirus type-H (HERV-H), which exists as more than a thousand copies on the human genome and frequently produces chimeric transcripts as long-non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) fused with downstream neighbor genes. Previous studies showed that HERV-H expression is required for the maintenance of PSC identity, and aberrant HERV-H expression attenuates neural differentiation potentials, however, little is known about the actual of function of HERV-H. In this study, we focused on ESRG, which is known as a PSC-related HERV-H-driven lncRNA. The global transcriptome data of various tissues and cell lines and quantitative expression analysis of PSCs showed that ESRG expression is much higher than other HERV-Hs and tightly silenced after differentiation. However, the loss of function by the complete excision of the entire ESRG gene body using a CRISPR/Cas9 platform revealed that ESRG is dispensable for the maintenance of the primed and naïve pluripotent states. The loss of ESRG hardly affected the global gene expression of PSCs or the differentiation potential toward trilineage. Differentiated cells derived from ESRG-deficient PSCs retained the potential to be reprogrammed into induced PSCs (iPSCs) by the forced expression of OCT3/4, SOX2, and KLF4. In conclusion, ESRG is dispensable for the maintenance and recapturing of human pluripotency. We have been interested in the role of human endogenous retrovirus (HERVs) in human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs). Although we and others have demonstrated that HERV expression is crucial for somatic cell reprogramming to a pluripotent state and the characteristics of PSCs. Little is known which one of more than 1,000 copies of HERVs is important. Thus, in this study, we focused on a HERV-related gene, ESRG which is expressed strongly and specifically in human PSCs but not in differentiated cells. Using a CRISPR/Cas9 platform, we generated complete knockout cell lines by deleting the entire gene body of ESRG. Our results demonstrate that ESRG is dispensable for the PSC characters such as gene expression, self-renewing capacity, and differentiation potential. In addition, ESRG does not contribute to the reprogramming of differentiated cells to a pluripotent state. Altogether, we concluded that ESRG is an excellent marker of pluripotency but dispensable for the PSC identity.
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70
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Kimura K, Tsukamoto M, Yoshida T, Tanaka M, Kuwamura M, Ohtaka M, Nishimura K, Nakanishi M, Sugiura K, Hatoya S. Canine induced pluripotent stem cell maintenance under feeder-free and chemically-defined conditions. Mol Reprod Dev 2021; 88:395-404. [PMID: 34010985 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Canine induced pluripotent stem cells (ciPSCs) provide a platform for regenerative veterinary medicine, disease modeling, and drug discovery. However, in the conventional method, ciPSCs are maintained using chemically-undefined media containing unknown animal components under on-murine embryonic fibroblast feeder conditions, which were reported to modify cell surface of iPSCs and increases the risk of immune rejection when the cells are transplanted into patients. Moreover, in the conventional method, ciPSCs are mechanically passaged, which requires much time and effort. Therefore, the large-scale expansion of ciPSCs is difficult, which should be resolved for using ciPSCs in clinical application and research. Here, it was shown that StemFit® AK02N and iMatrix-511 could maintain the pluripotency of ciPSCs using conventional culture method. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the feeder-free and chemically-defined ciPSC culture systems using StemFit® AK02N and iMatrix-511 could stably maintain and allow the easy expansion of ciPSCs generated using N2B27 and StemFit® AK02N, without causing karyotype abnormalities. ciPSCs expressed several pluripotency markers and formed teratomas, including cells derived from three germ layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuto Kimura
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Izumisano, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaya Tsukamoto
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Izumisano, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takumi Yoshida
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Izumisano, Osaka, Japan
| | - Miyuu Tanaka
- Department of Integrated Structural Biosciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Izumisano, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Kuwamura
- Department of Integrated Structural Biosciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Izumisano, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Ken Nishimura
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Mahito Nakanishi
- TOKIWA-Bio, Inc., Tsukuba, Japan.,National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kikuya Sugiura
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Izumisano, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shingo Hatoya
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Izumisano, Osaka, Japan
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71
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Abstract
This protocol entails a simple method for isolation, culturing, and in vitro differentiation of adult neural stem cells from the dentate gyrus in the hippocampus and the subventricular zone of adult mice. Cultured adult neural stem cells are an important in vitro model to investigate stem cell properties such as proliferation and differentiation and to expand the understanding of plasticity in the adult brain. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Isaksen et al. (2020). A simple protocol for mouse adult neural stem cell isolation and culture Targeted differentiation into various neural cells Potential use of derived cells for studying brain plasticity
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed K M A Ahmed
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, 3-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Toke Jost Isaksen
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Toshihide Yamashita
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, 3-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Graduate School of Frontier Bioscience, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Neuro-Medical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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72
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Review of Diagnostic Biomarkers in Autoimmune Pancreatitis: Where Are We Now? Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11050770. [PMID: 33923064 PMCID: PMC8146865 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11050770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a pancreatic manifestation of an IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD). AIP lacks disease-specific biomarkers, and therefore, it is difficult to distinguish AIP from malignancies, especially pancreatic cancer. In this review, we have summarized the latest findings on potential diagnostic biomarkers for AIP. Many investigations have been conducted, but no specific biomarkers for AIP are identified. Therefore, further studies are required to identify accurate diagnostic biomarkers for AIP.
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73
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Defining optimal enzyme and matrix combination for replating of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes at different levels of maturity. Exp Cell Res 2021; 403:112599. [PMID: 33848551 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CM) create an unlimited cell source for basic and translational research. Depending on the maturity of cardiac cultures and the intended applications, obtaining hiPSC-CMs as a single-cell, monolayer or three-dimensional clusters can be challenging. Here, we defined strategies to replate hiPSC-CMs on early days (D15-30) or later more mature (D60-150) differentiation cultures. After generation of hiPSCs and derivation of cardiomyocytes, four dissociation reagents Collagenase A/B, Collagenase II, TrypLE, EDTA and five different extracellular matrix materials Laminin, iMatrix-511, Fibronectin, Matrigel, and Geltrex were comparatively evaluated by imaging, cell viability, and contraction analysis. For early cardiac differentiation cultures mimicking mostly the embryonic stage, the highest adhesion, cell viability, and beating frequencies were achieved by treatment with the TrypLE enzyme. Video-based contraction analysis demonstrated higher beating rates after replating compared to before treatment. For later differentiation days of more mature cardiac cultures, dissociation with EDTA and replating cells on Geltrex or Laminin-derivatives yielded better recovery. Cardiac clusters at various sizes were detected in several groups treated with collagenases. Collectively, our findings revealed the selection criteria of the dissociation approach and coating matrix for replating iPSC-CMs based on the maturity and the requirements of further downstream applications.
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74
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Generation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Using Endothelial Progenitor Cells Derived from Umbilical Cord Blood and Adult Peripheral Blood. Methods Mol Biol 2021. [PMID: 33733392 DOI: 10.1007/7651_2021_372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) offer the potential to generate tissue cells with donor diversity therefore promising to have widespread applications in regenerative medicine, disease modeling, drug discovery, and toxicity testing. Several somatic cell types have been utilized, with varying efficiencies, as source cells for the reprogramming of iPSCs. Recently, it has been reported that endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) derived from umbilical cord blood (CB) or adult peripheral blood (PB) afford a practical and efficient cellular substrate for iPSC generation, and possess several advantages over other cell types. In this chapter, we describe a protocol that covers all steps of reprogramming iPSCs from blood-derived EPCs, including (1) isolation of mononuclear cells (MNCs) from blood samples, (2) derivation of EPCs from MNCs, and (3) generation of iPSCs from EPCs. The final step of reprogramming EPCs into iPSCs is achieved through ectopic expression of four transcription factors, OCT4, KLF4, SOX2, and c-MYC, using self-replicative RNA (srRNA) technology.
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75
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Yuzuriha A, Nakamura S, Sugimoto N, Kihara S, Nakagawa M, Yamamoto T, Sekiguchi K, Eto K. Extracellular laminin regulates hematopoietic potential of pluripotent stem cells through integrin β1-ILK-β-catenin-JUN axis. Stem Cell Res 2021; 53:102287. [PMID: 33813173 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2021.102287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant matrices have enabled feeder cell-free maintenance cultures of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), with laminin 511-E8 fragment (LM511-E8) being widely used. However, we herein report that hPSCs maintained on LM511-E8 resist differentiating to multipotent hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs), unlike hPSCs maintained on LM421-E8 or LM121-E8. The latter two LM-E8s bound weakly to hPSCs compared with LM511-E8 and activated the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Moreover, the extracellular LM-E8-dependent preferential hematopoiesis was associated with a higher expression of integrin β1 (ITGB1) and downstream integrin-linked protein kinase (ILK), β-catenin and phosphorylated JUN. Accordingly, the lower coating concentration of LM511-E8 or addition of a Wnt/β-catenin signaling activator, CHIR99021, facilitated higher HPC yield. In contrast, the inhibition of ILK, Wnt or JNK by inhibitors or mRNA knockdown suppressed the HPC yield. These findings suggest that extracellular laminin scaffolds modulate the hematopoietic differentiation potential of hPSCs by activating the ITGB1-ILK-β-catenin-JUN axis at the undifferentiated stage. Finally, the combination of low-concentrated LM511-E8 and a revised hPSC-sac method, which adds bFGF, SB431542 and heparin to the conventional method, enabled a higher yield of HPCs and higher rate for definitive hematopoiesis, suggesting a useful protocol for obtaining differentiated hematopoietic cells from hPSCs in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akinori Yuzuriha
- Department of Clinical Application, CiRA, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sou Nakamura
- Department of Clinical Application, CiRA, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naoshi Sugimoto
- Department of Clinical Application, CiRA, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kihara
- Department of Fundamental Cell Technology, CiRA, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masato Nakagawa
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, CiRA, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takuya Yamamoto
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, CiRA, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (WPI-ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; AMED-CREST, AMED 1-7-1 Otemachi, Chiyodaku, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
| | - Kiyotoshi Sekiguchi
- Division of Matrixome Research and Application, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Koji Eto
- Department of Clinical Application, CiRA, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Regenerative Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan.
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76
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Suzuki H, Kasai K, Kimura Y, Miyata S. UV/ozone surface modification combined with atmospheric pressure plasma irradiation for cell culture plastics to improve pluripotent stem cell culture. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 123:112012. [PMID: 33812631 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Culturing pluripotent stem cells effectively requires substrates coated with feeder cell layers or cell-adhesive matrices. It is difficult to employ pluripotent stem cells as resources for regenerative medicine due to risks of culture system contamination by animal-derived factors, or the large costs associated with the use of adhesive matrices. To enable a coating-free culture system, we focused on UV/ozone surface modification and atmospheric pressure plasma treatment for polystyrene substrates, to improve adhesion and proliferation of pluripotent stem cells. In this study, to develop a feeder- and matrix coating-free culture system for embryonic stem cells (ESCs), mouse ESCs were cultured on polystyrene substrates that were surface-modified using UV/ozone-plasma combined treatment. mESCs could be successfully cultured under feeder-free conditions upon UV/ozone-plasma combined treatment of culture substrates, without any further chemical treatments, and showed similar proliferation rates to those of cells grown on the feeder cell layer or matrix-coated substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Suzuki
- School of Integrated Design Engineering, Graduate School of Science & Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Kohei Kasai
- School of Integrated Design Engineering, Graduate School of Science & Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Yuka Kimura
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science & Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Shogo Miyata
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science & Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 223-8522, Japan.
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77
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Nasir A, Thorpe J, Burroughs L, Meurs J, Pijuan‐Galito S, Irvine DJ, Alexander MR, Denning C. Discovery of a Novel Polymer for Xeno-Free, Long-Term Culture of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Expansion. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2001448. [PMID: 33369242 PMCID: PMC11469126 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202001448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) can be expanded and differentiated in vitro into almost any adult tissue cell type, and thus have great potential as a source for cell therapies with biomedical application. In this study, a fully-defined polymer synthetic substrate is identified for hPSC culture in completely defined, xenogenic (xeno)-free conditions. This system can overcome the cost, scalability, and reproducibility limitations of current hPSC culture strategies, and facilitate large-scale production. A high-throughput, multi-generational polymer microarray platform approach is used to test over 600 unique polymers and rapidly assess hPSC-polymer interactions in combination with the fully defined xeno-free medium, Essential 8 (E8). This study identifies a novel nanoscale phase separated blend of poly(tricyclodecane-dimethanol diacrylate) and poly(butyl acrylate) (2:1 v/v), which supports long-term expansion of hPSCs and can be readily coated onto standard cultureware. Analysis of cell-polymer interface interactions through mass spectrometry and integrin blocking studies provides novel mechanistic insight into the role of the E8 proteins in promoting integrin-mediated hPSC attachment and maintaining hPSC signaling, including ability to undergo multi-lineage differentiation. This study therefore identifies a novel substrate for long-term serial passaging of hPSCs in serum-free, commercial chemically-defined E8, which provides a promising and economic hPSC expansion platform for clinical-scale application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishah Nasir
- Division of Cancer & Stem CellsBiodiscovery InstituteUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamNG7 2RDUK
| | - Jordan Thorpe
- Division of Cancer & Stem CellsBiodiscovery InstituteUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamNG7 2RDUK
| | | | - Joris Meurs
- School of PharmacyUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamNG7 2RDUK
| | - Sara Pijuan‐Galito
- Division of Cancer & Stem CellsBiodiscovery InstituteUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamNG7 2RDUK
| | - Derek J. Irvine
- Department of Chemical and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamNG7 2RDUK
| | | | - Chris Denning
- Division of Cancer & Stem CellsBiodiscovery InstituteUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamNG7 2RDUK
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78
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Yokomizo R, Fujiki Y, Kishigami H, Kishi H, Kiyono T, Nakayama S, Sago H, Okamoto A, Umezawa A. Endometrial regeneration with endometrial epithelium: homologous orchestration with endometrial stroma as a feeder. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:130. [PMID: 33579355 PMCID: PMC7881492 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02188-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thin endometrium adversely affects reproductive success rates with fertility treatment. Autologous transplantation of exogenously prepared endometrium can be a promising therapeutic option for thin endometrium; however, endometrial epithelial cells have limited expansion potential, which needs to be overcome in order to make regenerative medicine a therapeutic strategy for refractory thin endometrium. Here, we aimed to perform long-term culture of endometrial epithelial cells in vitro. METHODS We prepared primary human endometrial epithelial cells and endometrial stromal cells and investigated whether endometrial stromal cells and human embryonic stem cell-derived feeder cells could support proliferation of endometrial epithelial cells. We also investigated whether three-dimensional culture can be achieved using thawed endometrial epithelial cells and endometrial stromal cells. RESULTS Co-cultivation with the feeder cells dramatically increased the proliferation rate of the endometrial epithelial cells. We serially passaged the endometrial epithelial cells on mouse embryonic fibroblasts up to passage 6 for 4 months. Among the human-derived feeder cells, endometrial stromal cells exhibited the best feeder activity for proliferation of the endometrial epithelial cells. We continued to propagate the endometrial epithelial cells on endometrial stromal cells up to passage 5 for 81 days. Furthermore, endometrial epithelium and stroma, after the freeze-thaw procedure and sequential culture, were able to establish an endometrial three-dimensional model. CONCLUSIONS We herein established a model of in vitro cultured endometrium as a potential therapeutic option for refractory thin endometrium. The three-dimensional culture model with endometrial epithelial and stromal cell orchestration via cytokines, membrane-bound molecules, extracellular matrices, and gap junction will provide a new framework for exploring the mechanisms underlying the phenomenon of implantation. Additionally, modified embryo culture, so-called "in vitro implantation", will be possible therapeutic approaches in fertility treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Yokomizo
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development Research Institute, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.,Center for Maternal-Fetal, Neonatal and Reproductive Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Yukiko Fujiki
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development Research Institute, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Harue Kishigami
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development Research Institute, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kishi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Tohru Kiyono
- Project for Prevention of HPV-related Cancer, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Chiba, 277-8577, Japan
| | - Sanae Nakayama
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development Research Institute, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Sago
- Center for Maternal-Fetal, Neonatal and Reproductive Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Aikou Okamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Akihiro Umezawa
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development Research Institute, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.
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79
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Nomi K, Hayashi R, Ishikawa Y, Kobayashi Y, Katayama T, Quantock AJ, Nishida K. Generation of functional conjunctival epithelium, including goblet cells, from human iPSCs. Cell Rep 2021; 34:108715. [PMID: 33535050 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.108715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The conjunctival epithelium, which covers the sclera (the white of the eye) and lines the inside of the eyelids, is essential for mucin secretion and the establishment of a healthy tear film. Here, we describe human conjunctival development in a self-formed ectodermal autonomous multi-zone (SEAM) of cells that were derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) and mimic whole-eye development. Our data indicate that epidermal growth factor (EGF) drives the generation of cells with a conjunctival epithelial lineage. We also show that individual conjunctival cells can be sorted and reconstituted by cultivation into a functional conjunctival epithelium that includes mucin-producing goblet cells. Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), moreover, is necessary for the maturation of hiPSC-derived conjunctival epithelium-particularly the goblet cells-indicating key complementary roles of EGF and KGF in directing the differentiation and maturation, respectively, of the human conjunctival epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimihito Nomi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Department of Stem Cells and Applied Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ryuhei Hayashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Department of Stem Cells and Applied Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Yuki Ishikawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Department of Stem Cells and Applied Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuki Kobayashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Department of Stem Cells and Applied Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Katayama
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Department of Stem Cells and Applied Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Andrew J Quantock
- Structural Biophysics Group, School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, Wales, UK
| | - Kohji Nishida
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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80
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Chen Z, Fan Y, Wang L, Bian Z, Hao L. Controlling the adsorption of osteopontin for mediating cell behaviour by using self-assembled monolayers with varying surface chemistry. RSC Adv 2021; 11:36360-36366. [PMID: 35492794 PMCID: PMC9043331 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04063d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteopontin (OPN) is an important protein for mediating cell behaviour on biomaterials. However, the interactions between the chemical groups on the biomaterial surface and OPN still need to be further clarified, which has restricted the application of OPN in biomaterial functionalization. In the present study, we developed different self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) with specific chemical groups, including SAMs-OH, SAMs-OEG, SAMs-COOH, SAMs-NH2, and SAMs-PO3H2, to study the behavior of OPN on these SAMs. The results showed that SAMs-NH2 could strongly adsorb OPN, and the amount of protein was highest on this material. Meanwhile, the lowest amount of OPN was present on SAMs-OEG. Interestingly, the unit-mass trend of bound OPN monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) on the SAMs was opposite to the OPN adsorption trend: lowest on SAMs-NH2 but highest on SAMs-OEG. In vitro cell assay results showed that mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (mBMSCs) on SAMs-COOH, SAMs-NH2, and SAMs-PO3H2 with pre-adsorbed OPN showed promoted behaviour, in terms of spreading, viability, and the expression levels of αv and β3 genes, compared with the other two SAMs, demonstrating the higher bioactivity of the adsorbed OPN. We believe that our findings will have great potential for developing OPN-activated biomaterials. Osteopontin (OPN) is an important protein for mediating cell behaviour on biomaterials.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoying Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yan Fan
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lin Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhengqi Bian
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lijing Hao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), 510005 Guangzhou, China
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81
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Chang PH, Chao HM, Chern E, Hsu SH. Chitosan 3D cell culture system promotes naïve-like features of human induced pluripotent stem cells: A novel tool to sustain pluripotency and facilitate differentiation. Biomaterials 2020; 268:120575. [PMID: 33341735 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A simplified and cost-effective culture system for maintaining the pluripotency of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) is crucial for stem cell applications. Although recombinant protein-based feeder-free hiPSC culture systems have been developed, their manufacturing processes are expensive and complicated, which hinders hiPSC technology progress. Chitosan, a versatile biocompatible polysaccharide, has been reported as a biomaterial for three-dimensional (3D) cell culture system that promotes the physiological activities of mesenchymal stem cells and cancer cells. In the current study, we demonstrated that chitosan membranes sustained proliferation and pluripotency of hiPSCs in long-term culture (up to 365 days). Moreover, using vitronectin as the comparison group, the pluripotency of hiPSCs grown on the membranes was altered into a naïve-like state, which, for pluripotent stem cells, is an earlier developmental stage with higher stemness. On the chitosan membranes, hiPSCs self-assembled into 3D spheroids with an average diameter of ~100 μm. These hiPSC spheroids could be directly differentiated into lineage-specific cells from the three germ layers with 3D structures. Collectively, chitosan membranes not only promoted the naïve pluripotent features of hiPSCs but also provided a novel 3D differentiation platform. This convenient biomaterial-based culture system may enable the effective expansion and accessibility of hiPSCs for regenerative medicine, disease modeling, and drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Hsiang Chang
- niChe Lab for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Mei Chao
- niChe Lab for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Department of Pathology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan
| | - Edward Chern
- niChe Lab for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Research Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Shan-Hui Hsu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
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82
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Nath SC, Harper L, Rancourt DE. Cell-Based Therapy Manufacturing in Stirred Suspension Bioreactor: Thoughts for cGMP Compliance. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:599674. [PMID: 33324625 PMCID: PMC7726241 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.599674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-based therapy (CBT) is attracting much attention to treat incurable diseases. In recent years, several clinical trials have been conducted using human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), and other potential therapeutic cells. Various private- and government-funded organizations are investing in finding permanent cures for diseases that are difficult or expensive to treat over a lifespan, such as age-related macular degeneration, Parkinson’s disease, or diabetes, etc. Clinical-grade cell manufacturing requiring current good manufacturing practices (cGMP) has therefore become an important issue to make safe and effective CBT products. Current cell production practices are adopted from conventional antibody or protein production in the pharmaceutical industry, wherein cells are used as a vector to produce the desired products. With CBT, however, the “cells are the final products” and sensitive to physico- chemical parameters and storage conditions anywhere between isolation and patient administration. In addition, the manufacturing of cellular products involves multi-stage processing, including cell isolation, genetic modification, PSC derivation, expansion, differentiation, purification, characterization, cryopreservation, etc. Posing a high risk of product contamination, these can be time- and cost- prohibitive due to maintenance of cGMP. The growing demand of CBT needs integrated manufacturing systems that can provide a more simple and cost-effective platform. Here, we discuss the current methods and limitations of CBT, based upon experience with biologics production. We review current cell manufacturing integration, automation and provide an overview of some important considerations and best cGMP practices. Finally, we propose how multi-stage cell processing can be integrated into a single bioreactor, in order to develop streamlined cGMP-compliant cell processing systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman C Nath
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Lane Harper
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Derrick E Rancourt
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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83
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Elanzew A, Nießing B, Langendoerfer D, Rippel O, Piotrowski T, Schenk F, Kulik M, Peitz M, Breitkreuz Y, Jung S, Wanek P, Stappert L, Schmitt RH, Haupt S, Zenke M, König N, Brüstle O. The StemCellFactory: A Modular System Integration for Automated Generation and Expansion of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:580352. [PMID: 33240865 PMCID: PMC7680974 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.580352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
While human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) provide novel prospects for disease-modeling, the high phenotypic variability seen across different lines demands usage of large hiPSC cohorts to decipher the impact of individual genetic variants. Thus, a much higher grade of parallelization, and throughput in the production of hiPSCs is needed, which can only be achieved by implementing automated solutions for cell reprogramming, and hiPSC expansion. Here, we describe the StemCellFactory, an automated, modular platform covering the entire process of hiPSC production, ranging from adult human fibroblast expansion, Sendai virus-based reprogramming to automated isolation, and parallel expansion of hiPSC clones. We have developed a feeder-free, Sendai virus-mediated reprogramming protocol suitable for cell culture processing via a robotic liquid handling unit that delivers footprint-free hiPSCs within 3 weeks with state-of-the-art efficiencies. Evolving hiPSC colonies are automatically detected, harvested, and clonally propagated in 24-well plates. In order to ensure high fidelity performance, we have implemented a high-speed microscope for in-process quality control, and image-based confluence measurements for automated dilution ratio calculation. This confluence-based splitting approach enables parallel, and individual expansion of hiPSCs in 24-well plates or scale-up in 6-well plates across at least 10 passages. Automatically expanded hiPSCs exhibit normal growth characteristics, and show sustained expression of the pluripotency associated stem cell marker TRA-1-60 over at least 5 weeks (10 passages). Our set-up enables automated, user-independent expansion of hiPSCs under fully defined conditions, and could be exploited to generate a large number of hiPSC lines for disease modeling, and drug screening at industrial scale, and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Elanzew
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn Medical Faculty and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,LIFE&BRAIN GmbH, Cellomics Unit, Bonn, Germany
| | - Bastian Nießing
- Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Oliver Rippel
- LIFE&BRAIN GmbH, Cellomics Unit, Bonn, Germany.,Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology, Aachen, Germany
| | | | | | - Michael Kulik
- Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology, Aachen, Germany
| | - Michael Peitz
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn Medical Faculty and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Cell Programming Core Facility, University of Bonn Medical Faculty, Bonn, Germany
| | - Yannik Breitkreuz
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn Medical Faculty and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,LIFE&BRAIN GmbH, Cellomics Unit, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sven Jung
- Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology, Aachen, Germany
| | - Paul Wanek
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Robert H Schmitt
- Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology, Aachen, Germany.,Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Simone Haupt
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn Medical Faculty and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,LIFE&BRAIN GmbH, Cellomics Unit, Bonn, Germany
| | - Martin Zenke
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Niels König
- Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology, Aachen, Germany
| | - Oliver Brüstle
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn Medical Faculty and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,LIFE&BRAIN GmbH, Cellomics Unit, Bonn, Germany
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84
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Sekine K, Ogawa S, Tsuzuki S, Kobayashi T, Ikeda K, Nakanishi N, Takeuchi K, Kanai E, Otake Y, Okamoto S, Kobayashi T, Takebe T, Taniguchi H. Generation of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived liver buds with chemically defined and animal origin-free media. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17937. [PMID: 33087763 PMCID: PMC7578079 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73908-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in organoid technology have broadened the number of target diseases and conditions in which human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-based regenerative medicine can be applied; however, mass production of organoids and the development of chemically defined, animal origin-free (CD-AOF) media and supplements are unresolved issues that hamper the clinical applicability of these approaches. CD-AOF media and supplements ensure the quality and reproducibility of culture systems by lowering lot-to-lot variations and the risk of contamination with viruses or toxins. We previously generated liver organoids from iPSCs, namely iPSC-liver buds (iPSC-LBs), by mimicking the organogenic interactions among hepatocytes, endothelial cells (ECs), and mesenchymal cells (MCs) and recently reported the mass production of iPSC-LBs derived entirely from iPSCs (all iPSC-LBs), which should facilitate their large-scale production for the treatment of liver failure. However, in previous studies we used media originating from animals for differentiation except for the maintenance of undifferentiated iPSCs. Therefore, we developed a CD-AOF medium to generate all iPSC-LBs. We first developed a CD-AOF medium for hepatocytes, ECs, and stage-matched MCs, i.e., septum transversum mesenchyme (STM), in 2D cultures. We next generated all iPSC-LBs by incubating individual cell types in ultra-low attachment micro-dimple plates. The hepatic functions of all iPSC-LBs generated using the CD-AOF medium were equivalent to those of all iPSC-LBs generated using the conventional medium both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we found that this CD-AOF medium could be used in several cell culture settings. Taken together, these results demonstrate the successful development of a CD-AOF medium suitable for all iPSC-LBs. The protocol developed in this study will facilitate the clinical applicability of all iPSC-LBs in the treatment of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Sekine
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan. .,Department of Regenerative Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan.
| | - Shimpei Ogawa
- Research Institute for Bioscience Products and Fine Chemicals, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki, 210-8681, Japan
| | - Syusaku Tsuzuki
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.,Department of Regenerative Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kobayashi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Kazuki Ikeda
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Noriko Nakanishi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Kenta Takeuchi
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.,Department of Regenerative Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Eriko Kanai
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.,Department of Regenerative Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Yugo Otake
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Satoshi Okamoto
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kobayashi
- Research Institute for Bioscience Products and Fine Chemicals, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki, 210-8681, Japan
| | - Takanori Takebe
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan.,Advanced Medical Research Center, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan.,Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Developmental Biology, Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine (CuSTOM), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229-3039, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45229-3039, USA
| | - Hideki Taniguchi
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan. .,Department of Regenerative Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan. .,Advanced Medical Research Center, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan.
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85
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Sun W, Zhang S, Zhou T, Shan Y, Gao F, Zhang Y, Zhang D, Xiong Y, Mai Y, Fan K, Davidson AJ, Pan G, Zhang X. Human Urinal Cell Reprogramming: Synthetic 3D Peptide Hydrogels Enhance Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Population Homogeneity. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:6263-6275. [PMID: 33449655 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Somatic cells can be reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which have promising potential applications in regenerative medicine. However, the challenges of successful applications of human iPSCs for medical purposes are the low generation efficiency, heterogeneous colonies, and exposure to the animal-derived product Matrigel. We aimed to investigate whether human urinal cells could be efficiently reprogrammed into iPSCs in three-dimensional Puramatrix (3D-PM) compared to two-dimensional Matrigel (2D-MG) and to understand how this 3D hydrogel environment affects the reprogramming process. Human urinal cells were successfully reprogrammed into iPSCs in the defined synthetic animal-free 3D-PM. Interestingly, although the colony efficiency in 3D-PM was similar to that in 2D-MG (∼0.05%), the reprogrammed colonies in 3D-PM contained an iPSC population with significantly higher homogeneity, as evidenced by the pluripotent-like morphology and expression of markers. This was further confirmed by transcriptome profile analysis in bulk cells and at the single cell level. Moreover, the homogeneity of the iPSC population in 3D-PM colonies was correlated with the downregulation of integrin β1 (ITGB1) and phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase (FAK). Collectively, 3D-PM provides an alternative approach for obtaining iPSCs with enhanced homogeneity. This work also unveiled the regulation of human somatic cell reprogramming via the extracellular microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.,Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.,Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Tiancheng Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.,Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Yongli Shan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.,Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Fenglin Gao
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610051, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.,Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Di Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.,Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Yucui Xiong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.,Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Yuanbang Mai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.,Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Ke Fan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.,Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Alan J Davidson
- Department of Molecular Medicine & Pathology, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Guangjin Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.,Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.,Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
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86
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Kawase E, Takada K, Suemori H. Kyoto hESC cell resource for regenerative medicine. Stem Cell Res 2020; 49:102020. [PMID: 33059130 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2020.102020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eihachiro Kawase
- Division of Clinical Basis for ES Cell Research, Center for Human ES Cell Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Kei Takada
- Division of Clinical Basis for ES Cell Research, Center for Human ES Cell Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Suemori
- Division of Clinical Basis for ES Cell Research, Center for Human ES Cell Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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87
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Motallebnejad P, Azarin SM. Chemically defined human vascular laminins for biologically relevant culture of hiPSC-derived brain microvascular endothelial cells. Fluids Barriers CNS 2020; 17:54. [PMID: 32912242 PMCID: PMC7488267 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-020-00215-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) into brain-specific microvascular endothelial cells (iBMECs) has frequently been used to model the blood-brain barrier (BBB). However, there are limitations in the use of iBMECs for in vitro studies, such as transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) instability, weak junctional expression of VE-cadherin, and lack of proper fluid shear stress response. In vivo, the basement membrane (BM) composition of the BBB evolves throughout development, and laminins become the dominant component of the mature vascular BM. However, laminin isoforms of the endothelial BM have not been used for culture of differentiated iBMECs. The main goal of this study is to investigate the effect of different laminin isoforms of the endothelial BM on iBMEC functionality and to determine whether better recapitulation of the physiological BM in vitro can address the aforementioned limitations of iBMECs. METHODS Using a previously reported method, hiPSCs were differentiated into iBMECs. The influence of main laminins of the endothelial BM, LN 411 and LN 511, on iBMEC functionality was studied and compared to a collagen IV and fibronectin mixture (CN IV-FN). Quantitative RT-PCR, immunocytochemistry, and TEER measurement were utilized to assess gene and protein expression and barrier properties of iBMECs on different extracellular matrices. Single-channel microfluidic devices were used to study the effect of shear stress on iBMECs. RESULTS LN 511, but not LN 411, improved iBMEC barrier properties and resulted in more sustained TEER stability. Immunocytochemistry showed improved junctional protein expression compared to iBMECs cultured on CN IV-FN. iBMECs cultured on LN 511 showed a reduction of stress fibers, indicating resting endothelial phenotype, whereas gene expression analysis revealed upregulation of multiple genes involved in endothelial activation in iBMECs on CN IV-FN. Finally, culturing iBMECs on LN 511 enhanced physiological responses to shear stress, including morphological changes and enhanced junctional protein association. CONCLUSION LN 511 improves the functionality and long-term barrier stability of iBMECs. Our findings suggest that incorporation of physiologically relevant LN 511 in iBMEC culture would be beneficial for disease modeling applications and BBB-on-a-chip platforms that accommodate fluid flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedram Motallebnejad
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Samira M Azarin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
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88
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Tsai HF, IJspeert C, Shen AQ. Voltage-gated ion channels mediate the electrotaxis of glioblastoma cells in a hybrid PMMA/PDMS microdevice. APL Bioeng 2020; 4:036102. [PMID: 32637857 PMCID: PMC7332302 DOI: 10.1063/5.0004893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Transformed astrocytes in the most aggressive form cause glioblastoma, the most common cancer in the central nervous system with high mortality. The physiological electric field by neuronal local field potentials and tissue polarity may guide the infiltration of glioblastoma cells through the electrotaxis process. However, microenvironments with multiplex gradients are difficult to create. In this work, we have developed a hybrid microfluidic platform to study glioblastoma electrotaxis in controlled microenvironments with high throughput quantitative analysis by machine learning-powered single cell tracking software. By equalizing the hydrostatic pressure difference between inlets and outlets of the microchannel, uniform single cells can be seeded reliably inside the microdevice. The electrotaxis of two glioblastoma models, T98G and U-251MG, requires an optimal laminin-containing extracellular matrix and exhibits opposite directional and electro-alignment tendencies. Calcium signaling is a key contributor in glioblastoma pathophysiology but its role in glioblastoma electrotaxis is still an open question. Anodal T98G electrotaxis and cathodal U-251MG electrotaxis require the presence of extracellular calcium cations. U-251MG electrotaxis is dependent on the P/Q-type voltage-gated calcium channel (VGCC) and T98G is dependent on the R-type VGCC. U-251MG electrotaxis and T98G electrotaxis are also mediated by A-type (rapidly inactivating) voltage-gated potassium channels and acid-sensing sodium channels. The involvement of multiple ion channels suggests that the glioblastoma electrotaxis is complex and patient-specific ion channel expression can be critical to develop personalized therapeutics to fight against cancer metastasis. The hybrid microfluidic design and machine learning-powered single cell analysis provide a simple and flexible platform for quantitative investigation of complicated biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsieh-Fu Tsai
- Micro/Bio/Nanofluidics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Camilo IJspeert
- Micro/Bio/Nanofluidics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Amy Q. Shen
- Micro/Bio/Nanofluidics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
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89
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Continuous ES/Feeder Cell-Sorting Device Using Dielectrophoresis and Controlled Fluid Flow. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:mi11080734. [PMID: 32751153 PMCID: PMC7464685 DOI: 10.3390/mi11080734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) are considered as being an important cell source for regenerative medicine. The culture of PSCs usually requires a feeder cell layer or cell adhesive matrix coating such as Matrigel, laminin, and gelatin. Although a feeder-free culture using a matrix coating has been popular, the on-feeder culture is still an effective method for the fundamental study of regenerative medicine and stem cell biology. To culture PSCs on feeder cell layers, the elimination of feeder cells is required for biological or gene analysis and for cell passage. Therefore, a simple and cost-effective cell sorting technology is required. There are several commercialized cell-sorting methods, such as FACS or MACS. However, these methods require cell labeling by fluorescent dye or magnetic antibodies with complicated processes. To resolve these problems, we focused on dielectrophoresis (DEP) phenomena for cell separation because these do not require any fluorescent or magnetic dyes or antibodies. DEP imposes an electric force on living cells under a non-uniform AC electric field. The direction and magnitude of the DEP force depend on the electric property and size of the cell. Therefore, DEP is considered as a promising approach for sorting PSCs from feeder cells. In this study, we developed a simple continuous cell-sorting device using the DEP force and fluid-induced shear force. As a result, mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) were purified from a mixed-cell suspension containing mESCs and mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) using our DEP cell-sorting device.
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90
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Iriyama S, Yasuda M, Nishikawa S, Takai E, Hosoi J, Amano S. Decrease of laminin-511 in the basement membrane due to photoaging reduces epidermal stem/progenitor cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12592. [PMID: 32724130 PMCID: PMC7387558 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69558-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Daily sunlight exposure damages the epidermal basement membrane (BM) and disrupts epidermal homeostasis. Inter-follicular epidermal stem cells (IFE-SCs) regulate epidermal proliferation and differentiation, which supports epidermal homeostasis. Here, we examine how photoaging affects the function of IFE-SCs and we identify key components in their cellular environment (niche). We found that sun-exposed skin showed a decrease of MCSP-positive and β1-integrin-positive cells concomitantly with a decrease of laminin-511 at the dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ), as compared with sun-protected skin. Higher levels of laminin-511 were associated with not only increased efficiency of colony formation, but also higher expression levels of MCSP as well as other stem cell markers such as Lrig1, ITGB1, CD44, CD46, DLL1, and K15 in keratinocytes from skin of 12- to 62-year-old subjects. UVB exposure to cultured human skin impaired laminin-511 integrity at the dermal-epidermal junction and reduced MCSP-positive basal epidermal cells as well as K15-positive cells. Combined treatment with matrix metalloproteinase and heparanase inhibitors protected the integrity of laminin-511 and inhibited the reduction of MCSP-positive cells and K15-positive cells. These results suggest that photoaging may reduce the levels of MCSP-positive and K15-positive epidermal stem/progenitor cells in the epidermis via loss of laminin-511 at the dermal-epidermal junction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Iriyama
- Shiseido Global Innovation Center, 1-2-11 Takashima, Nishi-ku, Yokohama, 220-0011, Japan.
| | - Masahito Yasuda
- Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-Machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Saori Nishikawa
- Shiseido Global Innovation Center, 1-2-11 Takashima, Nishi-ku, Yokohama, 220-0011, Japan
| | - Eisuke Takai
- Shiseido Global Innovation Center, 1-2-11 Takashima, Nishi-ku, Yokohama, 220-0011, Japan
| | - Junichi Hosoi
- Shiseido Global Innovation Center, 1-2-11 Takashima, Nishi-ku, Yokohama, 220-0011, Japan
| | - Satoshi Amano
- Shiseido Global Innovation Center, 1-2-11 Takashima, Nishi-ku, Yokohama, 220-0011, Japan
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91
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Laminin-511-E8 promotes efficient in vitro expansion of human limbal melanocytes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11074. [PMID: 32632213 PMCID: PMC7338389 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68120-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Limbal melanocytes, located in the basal epithelial layer of the corneoscleral limbus, represent essential components of the corneal epithelial stem cell niche, but, due to difficulties in their isolation and cultivation, their biological roles and potential for stem cell-based tissue engineering approaches have not been comprehensively studied. Here, we established a protocol for the efficient isolation and cultivation of pure populations of human limbal melanocytes, which could be expanded at high yield by using recombinant laminin (LN)-511-E8 as culture substrate. Co-cultivation of limbal melanocytes with limbal epithelial stem/progenitor cells on fibrin hydrogels pre-incubated with LN-511-E8 resulted in multilayered stratified epithelial constructs within ten days. By reproducing physiological cell–cell and cell–matrix interactions of the native niche environment, these biomimetic co-culture systems provide a promising experimental model for investigating the functional roles of melanocytes in the limbal stem cell niche and their suitability for developing advanced epithelial grafts for ocular surface surface reconstruction.
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92
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Ohata K, Ott HC. Human-scale lung regeneration based on decellularized matrix scaffolds as a biologic platform. Surg Today 2020; 50:633-643. [PMID: 32363425 PMCID: PMC7305261 DOI: 10.1007/s00595-020-02000-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Lung transplantation is currently the only curative treatment for patients with end-stage lung disease; however, donor organ shortage and the need for intense immunosuppression limit its broad clinical application. Bioartificial lungs created by combining native matrix scaffolds with patient-derived cells might overcome these problems. Decellularization involves stripping away cells while leaving behind the extracellular matrix scaffold. Cadaveric lungs are decellularized by detergent perfusion, and histologic examination confirms the absence of cellular components but the preservation of matrix proteins. The resulting lung scaffolds are recellularized in a bioreactor that provides biomimetic conditions, including vascular perfusion and liquid ventilation. Cell seeding, engraftment, and tissue maturation are achieved in whole-organ culture. Bioartificial lungs are transplantable, similarly to donor lungs, because the scaffolds preserve the vascular and airway architecture. In rat and porcine transplantation models, successful anastomoses of the vasculature and the airway were achieved, and gas exchange was evident after reperfusion. However, long-term function has not been achieved because of the immaturity of the vascular bed and distal lung epithelia. The goal of this strategy is to create patient-specific transplantable lungs using induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cells. The repopulation of decellularized scaffolds to create transplantable organs is one of possible future clinical applications of iPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiji Ohata
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 185 Cambridge Street, CPZN 4800, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Harald C Ott
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 185 Cambridge Street, CPZN 4800, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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93
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Laminins in osteogenic differentiation and pluripotency maintenance. Differentiation 2020; 114:13-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2020.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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94
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Takahashi K, Jeong D, Wang S, Narita M, Jin X, Iwasaki M, Perli SD, Conklin BR, Yamanaka S. Critical Roles of Translation Initiation and RNA Uridylation in Endogenous Retroviral Expression and Neural Differentiation in Pluripotent Stem Cells. Cell Rep 2020; 31:107715. [PMID: 32492424 PMCID: PMC8195978 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that the loss of the translation initiation factor eIF4G1 homolog NAT1 induces excessive self-renewability of naive pluripotent stem cells (PSCs); yet the role of NAT1 in the self-renewal and differentiation of primed PSCs is still unclear. Here, we generate a conditional knockout of NAT1 in primed PSCs and use the cells for the functional analyses of NAT1. Our results show that NAT1 is required for the self-renewal and neural differentiation of primed PSCs. In contrast, NAT1 deficiency in naive pluripotency attenuates the differentiation to all cell types. We also find that NAT1 is involved in efficient protein expression of an RNA uridyltransferase, TUT7. TUT7 is involved in the neural differentiation of primed PSCs via the regulation of human endogenous retrovirus accumulation. These data demonstrate the essential roles of NAT1 and TUT7 in the precise transition of stem cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazutoshi Takahashi
- Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
| | - Daeun Jeong
- Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Songnan Wang
- Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Megumi Narita
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Xuemei Jin
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Mio Iwasaki
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Samuel D Perli
- Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Bruce R Conklin
- Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Departments of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Shinya Yamanaka
- Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
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95
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Thompson WL, Takebe T. Generation of multi-cellular human liver organoids from pluripotent stem cells. Methods Cell Biol 2020; 159:47-68. [PMID: 32586449 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2020.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A growing number of in vitro hepatic models exist to study human genetics, liver biology, disease modeling and drug development and range from 2D hepatocytes to 3D multi-cellular tissues that are derived from human stem cells. However, stem cell-based models generally suffer from batch-, clone- and donor-dependent variability, hindering broader usage in diverse biomedical applications. To circumvent this challenge, we herein describe a reproducible protocol to generate human liver organoids in 20-25 days derived from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs). These organoids are intra-luminally polarized to form canalicular structures and are comprised of mainly hepatic epithelial cells, co-differentiated with stellate-like and hepatic macrophage-like cells that enables hepatic inflammatory disease modeling in vitro. These multi-lineage liver organoids express hepatocyte genes, secrete albumin and have vital metabolic functions. This protocol utilizes PSC derived 3D human liver organoids as a renewable, reproducible and personalized cell source, thus facilitating disease modeling and mechanistic studies with a future goal of developing novel therapeutics against currently intractable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy L Thompson
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Takanori Takebe
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine (CuSTOM), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Institute of Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan.
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96
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Kasai K, Tohyama S, Suzuki H, Tanosaki S, Fukuda K, Fujita J, Miyata S. Cost-effective culture of human induced pluripotent stem cells using UV/ozone-modified culture plastics with reduction of cell-adhesive matrix coating. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 111:110788. [PMID: 32279811 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.110788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are considered to be one of the most promising cell resources for regenerative medicine. HiPSCs usually maintain their pluripotency when they are cultured on feeder cell layers or are attached to a cell-adhesive extracellular matrix. In this study, we developed a culture system based on UV/ozone modification for conventional cell culture plastics to generate a suitable surface condition for hiPSCs. Time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) was carried out to elucidate the relationship between hiPSC adhesion and UV/ozone irradiation-induced changes to surface chemistry of cell culture plastics. Cell culture plastics with modified surfaces enabled growth of a feeder-free hiPSC culture with markedly reduced cell-adhesive matrix coating. Our cell culture system using UV/ozone-modified cell culture plastics may produce clinically relevant hiPSCs at low costs, and can be easily scaled up in culture systems to produce a large number of hiPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Kasai
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Shugo Tohyama
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hayato Suzuki
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Sho Tanosaki
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Keiichi Fukuda
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Jun Fujita
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
| | - Shogo Miyata
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan.
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97
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Shibata S, Hayashi R, Kudo Y, Okubo T, Imaizumi T, Katayama T, Ishikawa Y, Kobayashi Y, Toga J, Taniguchi Y, Honma Y, Sekiguchi K, Nishida K. Cell-Type-Specific Adhesiveness and Proliferation Propensity on Laminin Isoforms Enable Purification of iPSC-Derived Corneal Epithelium. Stem Cell Reports 2020; 14:663-676. [PMID: 32197114 PMCID: PMC7160305 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2020.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A treatment for intractable diseases is expected to be the replacement of damaged tissues with products from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). Target cell purification is a critical step for realizing hiPSC-based therapy. Here, we found that hiPSC-derived ocular cell types exhibited unique adhesion specificities and growth characteristics on distinct E8 fragments of laminin isoforms (LNE8s): hiPSC-derived corneal epithelial cells (iCECs) and other non-CECs rapidly adhered preferentially to LN332/411/511E8 and LN211E8, respectively, through differential expression of laminin-binding integrins. Furthermore, LN332E8 promoted epithelial cell proliferation but not that of the other eye-related cells, leading to non-CEC elimination by cell competition. Combining these features with magnetic sorting, highly pure iCEC sheets were fabricated. Thus, we established a simple method for isolating iCECs from various hiPSC-derived cells without using fluorescence-activated cell sorting. This study will facilitate efficient manufacture of iCEC sheets for corneal disease treatment and provide insights into target cell-specific scaffold selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Shibata
- Department of Stem Cells and Applied Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Research and Development Division, ROHTO Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Osaka 544-8666, Japan
| | - Ryuhei Hayashi
- Department of Stem Cells and Applied Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Yuji Kudo
- Department of Stem Cells and Applied Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Research and Development Division, ROHTO Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Osaka 544-8666, Japan
| | - Toru Okubo
- Department of Stem Cells and Applied Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Research and Development Division, ROHTO Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Osaka 544-8666, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Imaizumi
- Department of Stem Cells and Applied Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Research and Development Division, ROHTO Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Osaka 544-8666, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Katayama
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuki Ishikawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuki Kobayashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Junko Toga
- Division of Matrixome Research and Application, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yukimasa Taniguchi
- Division of Matrixome Research and Application, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoichi Honma
- Department of Stem Cells and Applied Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Research and Development Division, ROHTO Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Osaka 544-8666, Japan
| | - Kiyotoshi Sekiguchi
- Division of Matrixome Research and Application, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kohji Nishida
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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98
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A Novel Fluorescent Reporter System Identifies Laminin-511/521 as Potent Regulators of Cardiomyocyte Maturation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4249. [PMID: 32144297 PMCID: PMC7060274 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61163-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (PSC-CMs) hold great promise for disease modeling and drug discovery. However, PSC-CMs exhibit immature phenotypes in culture, and the lack of maturity limits their broad applications. While physical and functional analyses are generally used to determine the status of cardiomyocyte maturation, they could be time-consuming and often present challenges in comparing maturation-enhancing strategies. Therefore, there is a demand for a method to assess cardiomyocyte maturation rapidly and reproducibly. In this study, we found that Myomesin-2 (Myom2), encoding M-protein, is upregulated postnatally, and based on this, we targeted TagRFP to the Myom2 locus in mouse embryonic stem cells. Myom2-RFP+ PSC-CMs exhibited more mature phenotypes than RFP- cells in morphology, function and transcriptionally, conductive to sarcomere shortening assays. Using this system, we screened extracellular matrices (ECMs) and identified laminin-511/521 as potent enhancers of cardiomyocyte maturation. Together, we developed and characterized a novel fluorescent reporter system for the assessment of cardiomyocyte maturation and identified potent maturation-enhancing ECMs through this simple and rapid assay. This system is expected to facilitate use of PSC-CMs in a variety of scientific and medical investigations.
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99
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Berger C, Bjørlykke Y, Hahn L, Mühlemann M, Kress S, Walles H, Luxenhofer R, Ræder H, Metzger M, Zdzieblo D. Matrix decoded - A pancreatic extracellular matrix with organ specific cues guiding human iPSC differentiation. Biomaterials 2020; 244:119766. [PMID: 32199284 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.119766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix represents a dynamic microenvironment regulating essential cell functions in vivo. Tissue engineering approaches aim to recreate the native niche in vitro using biological scaffolds generated by organ decellularization. So far, the organ specific origin of such scaffolds was less considered and potential consequences for in vitro cell culture remain largely elusive. Here, we show that organ specific cues of biological scaffolds affect cellular behavior. In detail, we report on the generation of a well-preserved pancreatic bioscaffold and introduce a scoring system allowing standardized inter-study quality assessment. Using multiple analysis tools for in-depth-characterization of the biological scaffold, we reveal unique compositional, physico-structural, and biophysical properties. Finally, we prove the functional relevance of the biological origin by demonstrating a regulatory effect of the matrix on multi-lineage differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells emphasizing the significance of matrix specificity for cellular behavior in artificial microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantin Berger
- Chair Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Yngvild Bjørlykke
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Pediatrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Lukas Hahn
- Functional Polymer Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Bavarian Polymer Institute, Würzburg University, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Markus Mühlemann
- Chair Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Kress
- Chair Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Heike Walles
- Translational Center Regenerative Therapies (TLC-RT), Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Würzburg, Germany; Otto-von Guericke University, Core Facility Tissue Engineering, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Robert Luxenhofer
- Functional Polymer Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Bavarian Polymer Institute, Würzburg University, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Helge Ræder
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Pediatrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Marco Metzger
- Chair Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Translational Center Regenerative Therapies (TLC-RT), Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Zdzieblo
- Chair Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Translational Center Regenerative Therapies (TLC-RT), Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Würzburg, Germany.
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100
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Wamaitha SE, Grybel KJ, Alanis-Lobato G, Gerri C, Ogushi S, McCarthy A, Mahadevaiah SK, Healy L, Lea RA, Molina-Arcas M, Devito LG, Elder K, Snell P, Christie L, Downward J, Turner JMA, Niakan KK. IGF1-mediated human embryonic stem cell self-renewal recapitulates the embryonic niche. Nat Commun 2020; 11:764. [PMID: 32034154 PMCID: PMC7005693 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14629-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of the signalling pathways regulating early human development is limited, despite their fundamental biological importance. Here, we mine transcriptomics datasets to investigate signalling in the human embryo and identify expression for the insulin and insulin growth factor 1 (IGF1) receptors, along with IGF1 ligand. Consequently, we generate a minimal chemically-defined culture medium in which IGF1 together with Activin maintain self-renewal in the absence of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signalling. Under these conditions, we derive several pluripotent stem cell lines that express pluripotency-associated genes, retain high viability and a normal karyotype, and can be genetically modified or differentiated into multiple cell lineages. We also identify active phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mTOR signalling in early human embryos, and in both primed and naïve pluripotent culture conditions. This demonstrates that signalling insights from human blastocysts can be used to define culture conditions that more closely recapitulate the embryonic niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sissy E Wamaitha
- Human Embryo and Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, and the Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Katarzyna J Grybel
- Human Embryo and Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Gregorio Alanis-Lobato
- Human Embryo and Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Claudia Gerri
- Human Embryo and Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Sugako Ogushi
- Human Embryo and Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
- Sex Chromosome Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Afshan McCarthy
- Human Embryo and Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | | | - Lyn Healy
- Human Embryo and Stem Cell Unit, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Rebecca A Lea
- Human Embryo and Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Miriam Molina-Arcas
- Oncogene Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Liani G Devito
- Human Embryo and Stem Cell Unit, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Kay Elder
- Bourn Hall Clinic, Bourn, Cambridge, CB23 2TN, UK
| | - Phil Snell
- Bourn Hall Clinic, Bourn, Cambridge, CB23 2TN, UK
| | | | - Julian Downward
- Oncogene Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - James M A Turner
- Sex Chromosome Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Kathy K Niakan
- Human Embryo and Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK.
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