51
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Pol J, Paillet J, Plantureux C, Kroemer G. Beneficial autoimmunity and maladaptive inflammation shape epidemiological links between cancer and immune-inflammatory diseases. Oncoimmunology 2022; 11:2029299. [PMID: 35070497 PMCID: PMC8773133 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2022.2029299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Pol
- Equipe 11 Labellisée Par La Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, Centre de Recherche Des Cordeliers, Inserm U1138, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Juliette Paillet
- Equipe 11 Labellisée Par La Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, Centre de Recherche Des Cordeliers, Inserm U1138, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Céleste Plantureux
- Equipe 11 Labellisée Par La Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, Centre de Recherche Des Cordeliers, Inserm U1138, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe 11 Labellisée Par La Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, Centre de Recherche Des Cordeliers, Inserm U1138, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Ap-hp, Paris, France
- Suzhou Institute for Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, China
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52
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Lin YZ, Liu SH, Wu WR, Shen YC, Wang YL, Liao CC, Lin PL, Chang H, Liu LC, Cheng WC, Wang SC. miR-4759 suppresses breast cancer through immune checkpoint blockade. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:241-251. [PMID: 35024096 PMCID: PMC8718579 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/ programmed cell death protein ligand 1 (PD-L1) is the key immune checkpoint governing evasion of advanced cancer from immune surveillance. Immuno-oncology (IO) therapy targeting PD-1/PD-L1 with traditional antibodies is a promising approach to multiple cancer types but to which the response rate remains moderate in breast cancer, calling for the need of exploring alternative IO targeting approaches. A miRNA-gene network was integrated by a bioinformatics approach and corroborated with The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to screen miRNAs regulating immune checkpoint genes and associated with patient survival. Here we show the identification of a novel microRNA miR-4759 which repressed RNA expression of the PD-L1 gene. miR-4759 targeted the PD-L1 gene through two binding motifs in the 3′ untranslated region (3′-UTR) of PD-L1. Reconstitution of miR-4759 inhibited PD-L1 expression and sensitized breast cancer cells to killing by immune cells. Treatment with miR-4759 suppressed tumor growth of orthotopic xenografts and promoted tumor infiltration of CD8+ T lymphocytes in immunocompetent mice. In contrast, miR-4759 had no effect to tumor growth in immunodeficient mice. In patients with breast cancer, expression of miR-4759 was preferentially downregulated in tumors compared to normal tissues and was associated with poor overall survival. Together, our results demonstrated miR-4759 as a novel non-coding RNA which promotes anti-tumor immunity of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Zhe Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hsuan Liu
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Rong Wu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Shen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Liang Wang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.,Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ching Liao
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Le Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Han Chang
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Chih Liu
- Department of Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chung Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.,Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.,Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery Ph.D. Program, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Chun Wang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.,Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan.,Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan.,Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.,Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery Ph.D. Program, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
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53
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Corti C, Giachetti PPMB, Eggermont AMM, Delaloge S, Curigliano G. Therapeutic vaccines for breast cancer: Has the time finally come? Eur J Cancer 2022; 160:150-174. [PMID: 34823982 PMCID: PMC8608270 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2021.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The ability to exploit the immune system as a weapon against cancer has revolutionised the treatment of cancer patients, especially through immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). However, ICIs demonstrated a modest benefit in treating breast cancer (BC), with the exception of certain subsets of triple-negative BCs. An immune-suppressive tumour microenvironment (TME), typically present in BC, is an important factor in the poor response to immunotherapy. After almost two decades of poor clinical trial results, cancer vaccines (CVs), an active immunotherapy, have come back in the spotlight because of some technological advancements, ultimately boosted by coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. In particular, neoantigens are emerging as the preferred targets for CVs, with gene-based and viral vector-based platforms in development. Moreover, lipid nanoparticles proved to be immunogenic and efficient delivery vehicles. Past clinical trials investigating CVs focused especially on the metastatic disease, where the TME is more likely compromised by inhibitory mechanisms. In this sense, favouring the use of CVs as monotherapy in premalignant or in the adjuvant setting and establishing combination treatments (i.e. CV plus ICI) in late-stage disease are promising strategies. This review provides a full overview of the past and current breast cancer vaccine landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Corti
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Haematology (DIPO), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Pier P M B Giachetti
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Haematology (DIPO), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alexander M M Eggermont
- Princess Máxima Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Cancer Medicine, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Suzette Delaloge
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Giuseppe Curigliano
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Haematology (DIPO), University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
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54
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Zhao† Z, Deng† S, Wang Q, Jia C, Yang J. Novel Insight into Blocking Cancer Metastasis by Biological Nano Confinement through Altering the Cancer Microenvironment. CLINICAL CANCER INVESTIGATION JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.51847/0ozasxscb1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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55
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Pharmacological disruption of the MTDH-SND1 complex enhances tumor antigen presentation and synergizes with anti-PD-1 therapy in metastatic breast cancer. NATURE CANCER 2022; 3:60-74. [PMID: 35121988 PMCID: PMC8818088 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-021-00280-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Despite increased overall survival rates, curative options for metastatic breast cancer remain limited. We have previously shown that metadherin (MTDH) is frequently overexpressed in poor prognosis breast cancer, where it promotes metastasis and therapy resistance through its interaction with staphylococcal nuclease domain-containing 1 (SND1). Through genetic and pharmacological targeting of the MTDH-SND1 interaction, we reveal a key role for this complex in suppressing antitumor T cell responses in breast cancer. The MTDH-SND1 complex reduces tumor antigen presentation and inhibits T cell infiltration and activation by binding to and destabilizing Tap1/2 messenger RNAs, which encode key components of the antigen-presentation machinery. Following small-molecule compound C26-A6 treatment to disrupt the MTDH-SND1 complex, we showed enhanced immune surveillance and sensitivity to anti-programmed cell death protein 1 therapy in preclinical models of metastatic breast cancer, in support of this combination therapy as a viable approach to increase immune-checkpoint blockade therapy responses in metastatic breast cancer.
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56
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Karabulutoglu M, Finnon R, Cruz-Garcia L, Hill MA, Badie C. Oxidative Stress and X-ray Exposure Levels-Dependent Survival and Metabolic Changes in Murine HSPCs. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 11:11. [PMID: 35052515 PMCID: PMC8772903 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Haematopoietic bone marrow cells are amongst the most sensitive to ionizing radiation (IR), initially resulting in cell death or genotoxicity that may later lead to leukaemia development, most frequently Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (AML). The target cells for radiation-induced Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (rAML) are believed to lie in the haematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) compartment. Using the inbred strain CBA/Ca as a murine model of rAML, progress has been made in understanding the underlying mechanisms, characterisation of target cell population and responses to IR. Complex regulatory systems maintain haematopoietic homeostasis which may act to modulate the risk of rAML. However, little is currently known about the role of metabolic factors and diet in these regulatory systems and modification of the risk of AML development. This study characterises cellular proliferative and clonogenic potential as well as metabolic changes within murine HSPCs under oxidative stress and X-ray exposure. Ambient oxygen (normoxia; 20.8% O2) levels were found to increase irradiated HSPC-stress, stimulating proliferative activity compared to low oxygen (3% O2) levels. IR exposure has a negative influence on the proliferative capability of HSPCs in a dose-dependent manner (0-2 Gy) and this is more pronounced under a normoxic state. One Gy x-irradiated HSPCs cultured under normoxic conditions displayed a significant increase in oxygen consumption compared to those cultured under low O2 conditions and to unirradiated HSPCs. Furthermore, mitochondrial analyses revealed a significant increase in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content, mitochondrial mass and membrane potential in a dose-dependent manner under normoxic conditions. Our results demonstrate that both IR and normoxia act as stressors for HSPCs, leading to significant metabolic deregulation and mitochondrial dysfunctionality which may affect long term risks such as leukaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melis Karabulutoglu
- Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, Radiation Effects Department, Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards Directorate (RCE, Formally CRCE), UK Health Security Agency (Formerly Public Health England), Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0RQ, UK; (R.F.); (L.C.-G.)
- MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK;
| | - Rosemary Finnon
- Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, Radiation Effects Department, Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards Directorate (RCE, Formally CRCE), UK Health Security Agency (Formerly Public Health England), Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0RQ, UK; (R.F.); (L.C.-G.)
| | - Lourdes Cruz-Garcia
- Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, Radiation Effects Department, Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards Directorate (RCE, Formally CRCE), UK Health Security Agency (Formerly Public Health England), Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0RQ, UK; (R.F.); (L.C.-G.)
| | - Mark A. Hill
- MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK;
| | - Christophe Badie
- Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, Radiation Effects Department, Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards Directorate (RCE, Formally CRCE), UK Health Security Agency (Formerly Public Health England), Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0RQ, UK; (R.F.); (L.C.-G.)
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57
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Li Q, Tian S, Liang J, Fan J, Lai J, Chen Q. Therapeutic Development by Targeting the cGAS-STING Pathway in Autoimmune Disease and Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:779425. [PMID: 34867409 PMCID: PMC8634458 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.779425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA immune recognition regulation mediated by the cGAS-STING pathway plays an important role in immune functions. Under normal physiological conditions, cGAS can recognize and bind to invading pathogen DNA and activate the innate immune response. On the other hand, abnormal activation of cGAS or STING is closely related to autoimmune diseases. In addition, activation of STING proteins as a bridge connecting innate immunity and adaptive immunity can effectively restrain tumor growth. Therefore, targeting the cGAS-STING pathway can alleviate autoimmune symptoms and be a potential drug target for treating cancer. This article summarizes the current progress on cGAS-STING pathway modulators and lays the foundation for further investigating therapeutic development in autoimmune diseases and tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiumei Li
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shuoran Tian
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jiadi Liang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jiqiang Fan
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Junzhong Lai
- The Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
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58
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Tavares DF, Chaves Ribeiro V, Andrade MAV, Moreira Cardoso-Júnior L, Rhangel Gomes Teixeira T, Ramos Varrone G, Lopes Britto R. Immunotherapy using PD-1/PDL-1 inhibitors in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer: A systematic review. Oncol Rev 2021; 15:497. [PMID: 35003528 PMCID: PMC8678626 DOI: 10.4081/oncol.2021.497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women and is one of the leading causes of death from cancer in women worldwide. Despite the significant benefits of using conventional chemotherapy in the treatment of breast cancer, one of its subtypes, the triple-negative breast cancer, is still a challenge in clinical practice. Recent studies have been investigating the role of the immune system in breast cancer and the development of immunotherapy. Although recently the use of atezolizumab, an anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody, combined with chemotherapy was approved, an important step in the treatment of patients with triple-negative metastatic breast cancer, the use of immunotherapy to treat breast tumors remains a major challenge. In this systematic literature review, following PRISMA guidelines, we searched for clinical trials using immunotherapy in the treatment of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer published until March 2020 in the databases EMBASE, PubMed and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), with no language restrictions. We did not contact the authors of the clinical trials to obtain additional information. Two researchers independently collected the data and assessed the quality of this study. The literature shows that immunotherapy with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 agents is emerging as a new treatment option in breast cancer. On the other hand, when compared to other types of cancer in which several agents have already been approved, the research is still in its infancy. The use of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 agents as monotherapy revealed encouraging results in the metastatic setting, especially when administered in the early course of the disease, although combination strategies with chemotherapy appear to increase its efficacy. The main limitation of this study is the approach of cancer only in advanced stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dione Fernandes Tavares
- Graduate program in Medicine and Health, Medicine Faculty of Bahia, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Renata Lopes Britto
- Graduate program in Medicine and Health, Medicine Faculty of Bahia, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador
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59
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Kim M, Choi HY, Woo JW, Chung YR, Park SY. Role of CXCL10 in the progression of in situ to invasive carcinoma of the breast. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18007. [PMID: 34504204 PMCID: PMC8429587 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97390-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor immune microenvironment plays a crucial role in tumor progression. We performed immune profiling to compare immune-related gene expression between ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and invasive carcinoma of the breast using nCounter PanCancer immune Profiling Panel and found that CXCL10 was the most significant gene that had the highest difference in expression between them. Effect of CXCL10 on breast cancer cell proliferation and invasion was examined in vitro, and expression of CXCL10 and its relationship with immune cell infiltration was assessed in breast cancer samples. CXCL10 induced cell proliferation, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines. We confirmed that CXCL10 mRNA expression was significantly higher in invasive carcinoma than in DCIS, especially in hormone receptor (HR)-negative tumors using a validation set. CXCL10 mRNA expression showed a positive correlation with tumor infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) density in both DCIS and invasive carcinoma; CXCL10-positive tumors generally showed higher infiltration of CD8+ and FOXP3+TILs as well as PD-L1+ immune cells compared to CXCL10-negative tumors, albeit with different patterns according to HR status. In conclusion, our study showed that CXCL10 promotes tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and immune cell infiltration, implying its contribution in the progression of DCIS to invasive carcinoma of the breast.
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MESH Headings
- B7-H1 Antigen/genetics
- B7-H1 Antigen/immunology
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/immunology
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/pathology
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/genetics
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/immunology
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/genetics
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/immunology
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- Chemokine CXCL10/genetics
- Chemokine CXCL10/immunology
- Disease Progression
- Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/genetics
- Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/immunology
- Female
- Forkhead Transcription Factors/genetics
- Forkhead Transcription Factors/immunology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/pathology
- MCF-7 Cells
- Neoplasm Invasiveness
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/immunology
- Tumor Microenvironment/genetics
- Tumor Microenvironment/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Milim Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-ro 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, 13620, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Yeon Choi
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-ro 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, 13620, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Won Woo
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-ro 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, 13620, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yul Ri Chung
- Pathology Center, Seegene Medical Foundation, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So Yeon Park
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-ro 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, 13620, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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60
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Maia A, Wiemann S. Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts: Implications for Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3526. [PMID: 34298736 PMCID: PMC8307167 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumour cells do not exist as an isolated entity. Instead, they are surrounded by and closely interact with cells of the environment they are emerged in. The tumour microenvironment (TME) is not static and several factors, including cancer cells and therapies, have been described to modulate several of its components. Fibroblasts are key elements of the TME with the capacity to influence tumour progression, invasion and response to therapy, which makes them attractive targets in cancer treatment. In this review, we focus on fibroblasts and their numerous roles in the TME with a special attention to recent findings describing their heterogeneity and role in therapy response. Furthermore, we explore how different therapies can impact these cells and their communication with cancer cells. Finally, we highlight potential strategies targeting this cell type that can be employed for improving patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Maia
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Wiemann
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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61
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Vito A, Salem O, El-Sayes N, MacFawn IP, Portillo AL, Milne K, Harrington D, Ashkar AA, Wan Y, Workenhe ST, Nelson BH, Bruno TC, Mossman KL. Immune checkpoint blockade in triple negative breast cancer influenced by B cells through myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Commun Biol 2021; 4:859. [PMID: 34253827 PMCID: PMC8275624 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02375-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer holds a dismal clinical outcome and as such, patients routinely undergo aggressive, highly toxic treatment regimens. Clinical trials for TNBC employing immune checkpoint blockade in combination with chemotherapy show modest prognostic benefit, but the percentage of patients that respond to treatment is low, and patients often succumb to relapsed disease. Here, we show that a combination immunotherapy platform utilizing low dose chemotherapy (FEC) combined with oncolytic virotherapy (oHSV-1) increases tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, in otherwise immune-bare tumors, allowing 60% of mice to achieve durable tumor regression when treated with immune checkpoint blockade. Whole-tumor RNA sequencing of mice treated with FEC + oHSV-1 shows an upregulation of B cell receptor signaling pathways and depletion of B cells prior to the start of treatment in mice results in complete loss of therapeutic efficacy and expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Additionally, RNA sequencing data shows that FEC + oHSV-1 suppresses genes associated with myeloid-derived suppressor cells, a key population of cells that drive immune escape and mediate therapeutic resistance. These findings highlight the importance of tumor-infiltrating B cells as drivers of antitumor immunity and their potential role in the regulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Vito
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Omar Salem
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Nader El-Sayes
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Ian P MacFawn
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Tumor Microenvironment Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ana L Portillo
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Katy Milne
- Deeley Research Centre, BC Cancer, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | | | - Ali A Ashkar
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Yonghong Wan
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Samuel T Workenhe
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Brad H Nelson
- Deeley Research Centre, BC Cancer, Victoria, BC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Tullia C Bruno
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Tumor Microenvironment Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Karen L Mossman
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
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62
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Ahirwar R, Khan N, Kumar S. Aptamer-based sensing of breast cancer biomarkers: a comprehensive review of analytical figures of merit. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2021; 21:703-721. [PMID: 33877005 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2021.1920397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Accurate determination of the aberrantly expressed biomarkers such as human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), mucin 1 (MUC1), and vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF165 have played an essential role in the clinical management of the breast cancer. Assessment of these cancer-specific biomarkers has conventionally relied on time-taking methods like the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunohistochemistry. However, recent development in the aptamer-based diagnostics has allowed developing tools that may substitute the conventional means of biomarker assessment in breast cancer. Adopting the aptamer-based diagnostic tools (aptasensors) to clinical practices will depend on their analytical performance on clinical samples. AREAS COVERED In this review, we provide an overview of the analytical merits of HER2, CEA, PDGF, MUC1, and VEGF165 aptasensors. Scopus and Pubmed databases were searched for studies reporting aptasensor development for the listed breast cancer biomarkers in the past one decade. Linearity, detection limit, and response time are emphasized. EXPERT OPINION In our opinion, aptasensors have proven to be on a par with the antibody-based methods for detection of various breast cancer biomarkers. Though robust validation of the aptasensors on significant sample size is required, their ability to detect pathophysiological range of biomarkers suggest the possibility of future clinical adoption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Ahirwar
- Department of Environmental Biochemistry, ICMR- National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | - Nabab Khan
- Department of Environmental Biochemistry, ICMR- National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | - Saroj Kumar
- School of Biosciences, Apeejay Stya University, Gurgaon, India
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Kepp O, Bezu L, Yamazaki T, Di Virgilio F, Smyth MJ, Kroemer G, Galluzzi L. ATP and cancer immunosurveillance. EMBO J 2021; 40:e108130. [PMID: 34121201 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021108130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
While intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) occupies a key position in the bioenergetic metabolism of all the cellular compartments that form the tumor microenvironment (TME), extracellular ATP operates as a potent signal transducer. The net effects of purinergic signaling on the biology of the TME depend not only on the specific receptors and cell types involved, but also on the activation status of cis- and trans-regulatory circuitries. As an additional layer of complexity, extracellular ATP is rapidly catabolized by ectonucleotidases, culminating in the accumulation of metabolites that mediate distinct biological effects. Here, we discuss the molecular and cellular mechanisms through which ATP and its degradation products influence cancer immunosurveillance, with a focus on therapeutically targetable circuitries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Kepp
- Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Lucillia Bezu
- Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Takahiro Yamazaki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Mark J Smyth
- Immunology in Cancer and Infection Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France.,Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Suzhou Institute for Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, China.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Université de Paris, Paris, France
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Wege AK, Dreyer TF, Teoman A, Ortmann O, Brockhoff G, Bronger H. CX3CL1 Overexpression Prevents the Formation of Lung Metastases in Trastuzumab-Treated MDA-MB-453-Based Humanized Tumor Mice (HTM). Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13102459. [PMID: 34070094 PMCID: PMC8158361 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In about 15–18% of breast cancers the HER2 gene is amplified, which allows an anti-HER2 treatment. However, about 50% of HER2-positive patients experience de novo or acquired resistance to the antibody-based therapy with trastuzumab. Therefore, the identification of predictive markers for therapy success and novel combination strategies is needed. Here we explored the impact of CX3CL1 on trastuzumab treatment efficiency and immunological mechanism involved in a humanized tumor mouse model. Trastuzumab treatment showed pronounced efficiency in CX3CL1 overexpressing cancer cells compared to low expressing cells preventing lung metastasis, while the administration of CX3CL1 shedding inhibition did not cause an enhanced treatment effect. Moreover, the application of shedding inhibitors to CX3CL1 overexpression tumors resulted in a slightly enhanced tumor growth. Therefore, the presence of CX3CL1 might predict a pronounced response to trastuzumab therapy in patients and should be investigated in a large cohort of HER2+ patients. Abstract CX3CL1 is a multifunctional chemokine that is involved in numerous biological processes, such as immune cell attraction and enhanced tumor immune cell interaction, but also in enhancing tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. The multifarious activity is partially determined by two CX3CL1 isoforms, a membrane-bound and a soluble version generated by proteolytic cleavage through proteases. Here, we investigated the impact of CX3CL1 overexpression in MDA-MB-453 and SK-BR-3 breast cancer cells. Moreover, we evaluated the therapeutic capacity of Matrix-Metalloproteinases-inhibitors TMI-1 and GI254023X in combination with the anti-HER2 antibody trastuzumab in vitro and in vivo. TMI-1 and GI254023X caused a reduced shedding of CX3CL1 and of HER2 in vitro but without effects on tumor cell proliferation or viability. In addition, trastuzumab treatment did not retard MDA-MB-453 cell expansion in vitro unless CX3CL1 was overexpressed upon transfection (MDA-MB-453CX3CL1). In humanized tumor mice, which show a coexistence of human tumor and human immune system, CX3CL1 overexpression resulted in a slightly enhanced tumor growth. However, trastuzumab treatment attenuated tumor growth of both MDA-MB-453CX3CL1 and empty vector transfected MDA-MB-453 transplanted mice but showed enhanced efficiency especially in preventing lung metastases in CX3CL1 overexpressing cancer cells. However, TMI-1 did not further enhance the trastuzumab treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Kathrin Wege
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Cancer Center Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (A.T.); (O.O.); (G.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +(49)-(0)941-944-8913
| | - Tobias F. Dreyer
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; (T.F.D.); (H.B.)
| | - Attila Teoman
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Cancer Center Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (A.T.); (O.O.); (G.B.)
| | - Olaf Ortmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Cancer Center Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (A.T.); (O.O.); (G.B.)
| | - Gero Brockhoff
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Cancer Center Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (A.T.); (O.O.); (G.B.)
| | - Holger Bronger
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; (T.F.D.); (H.B.)
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Hang X, He S, Dong Z, Minnick G, Rosenbohm J, Chen Z, Yang R, Chang L. Nanosensors for single cell mechanical interrogation. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 179:113086. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Besson L, Mery B, Morelle M, Rocca Y, Heudel PE, You B, Bachelot T, Ray-Coquard I, Villard M, Charrier E, Parant F, Viel S, Garin G, Mayet R, Perol D, Walzer T, Tredan O, Marçais A. Cutting Edge: mTORC1 Inhibition in Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients Negatively Affects Peripheral NK Cell Maturation and Number. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 206:2265-2270. [PMID: 33931486 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2001215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
NK cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes displaying strong antimetastatic activity. Mouse models and in vitro studies suggest a prominent role of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase in the control of NK cell homeostasis and antitumor functions. However, mTOR inhibitors are used as chemotherapies in several cancer settings. The impact of such treatments on patients' NK cells is unknown. We thus performed immunophenotyping of circulating NK cells from metastatic breast cancer patients treated with the mTOR inhibitor everolimus over a three-month period. Everolimus treatment resulted in inhibition of mTORC1 activity in peripheral NK cells, whereas mTORC2 activity was preserved. NK cell homeostasis was profoundly altered with a contraction of the NK cell pool and an overall decrease in their maturation. Phenotype and function of the remaining NK cell population was less affected. This is, to our knowledge, the first in vivo characterization of the role of mTOR in human NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie Besson
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Equipe Activation et Transduction du Signal dans les Lymphocytes, Université de Lyon, INSERM U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Service d'Immunologie Biologique, Hôpital Lyon-Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Benoite Mery
- Département d'Oncologie Médicale, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Magali Morelle
- Centre Léon Bérard, Clinical Research Platform, Lyon, France
| | - Yamila Rocca
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Equipe Activation et Transduction du Signal dans les Lymphocytes, Université de Lyon, INSERM U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | | | - Benoit You
- Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Centre d'Investigation pour le Traitement en Oncologie et Hématologie à Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Thomas Bachelot
- Département d'Oncologie Médicale, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | | | - Marine Villard
- Service d'Immunologie Biologique, Hôpital Lyon-Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Emily Charrier
- Service d'Immunologie Biologique, Hôpital Lyon-Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - François Parant
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Hôpital Lyon-Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Sébastien Viel
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Equipe Activation et Transduction du Signal dans les Lymphocytes, Université de Lyon, INSERM U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Service d'Immunologie Biologique, Hôpital Lyon-Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Gwenaële Garin
- Centre Léon Bérard, Clinical Research Platform, Lyon, France
| | - Romaine Mayet
- Centre Léon Bérard, Clinical Research Platform, Lyon, France
| | - David Perol
- Centre Léon Bérard, Clinical Research Platform, Lyon, France
| | - Thierry Walzer
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Equipe Activation et Transduction du Signal dans les Lymphocytes, Université de Lyon, INSERM U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Olivier Tredan
- Département d'Oncologie Médicale, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France .,Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Centre d'Investigation pour le Traitement en Oncologie et Hématologie à Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Antoine Marçais
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Equipe Activation et Transduction du Signal dans les Lymphocytes, Université de Lyon, INSERM U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
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Caronni N, Piperno GM, Simoncello F, Romano O, Vodret S, Yanagihashi Y, Dress R, Dutertre CA, Bugatti M, Bourdeley P, Del Prete A, Schioppa T, Mazza EMC, Collavin L, Zacchigna S, Ostuni R, Guermonprez P, Vermi W, Ginhoux F, Bicciato S, Nagata S, Benvenuti F. TIM4 expression by dendritic cells mediates uptake of tumor-associated antigens and anti-tumor responses. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2237. [PMID: 33854047 PMCID: PMC8046802 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22535-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Acquisition of cell-associated tumor antigens by type 1 dendritic cells (cDC1) is essential to induce and sustain tumor specific CD8+ T cells via cross-presentation. Here we show that capture and engulfment of cell associated antigens by tissue resident lung cDC1 is inhibited during progression of mouse lung tumors. Mechanistically, loss of phagocytosis is linked to tumor-mediated downregulation of the phosphatidylserine receptor TIM4, that is highly expressed in normal lung resident cDC1. TIM4 receptor blockade and conditional cDC1 deletion impair activation of tumor specific CD8+ T cells and promote tumor progression. In human lung adenocarcinomas, TIM4 transcripts increase the prognostic value of a cDC1 signature and predict responses to PD-1 treatment. Thus, TIM4 on lung resident cDC1 contributes to immune surveillance and its expression is suppressed in advanced tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta Caronni
- Department of Cellular Immunology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, ICGEB, Trieste, Italy.
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
| | - Giulia Maria Piperno
- Department of Cellular Immunology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, ICGEB, Trieste, Italy
| | - Francesca Simoncello
- Department of Cellular Immunology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, ICGEB, Trieste, Italy
| | - Oriana Romano
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Simone Vodret
- Cardiovascular Biology Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy
| | - Yuichi Yanagihashi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry & Immunology, World Premier International Research Center, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Regine Dress
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Charles-Antoine Dutertre
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mattia Bugatti
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Pierre Bourdeley
- Centre for Inflammation Biology and Cancer Immunology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Annalisa Del Prete
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Rozzano-Milano, Italy
| | - Tiziana Schioppa
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Rozzano-Milano, Italy
| | - Emilia Maria Cristina Mazza
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Rozzano-Milano, Italy
| | - Licio Collavin
- Department of Life Sciences (DSV), University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Serena Zacchigna
- Cardiovascular Biology Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Renato Ostuni
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Pierre Guermonprez
- Centre for Inflammation Biology and Cancer Immunology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - William Vermi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Florent Ginhoux
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Silvio Bicciato
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Shigekatzu Nagata
- Laboratory of Biochemistry & Immunology, World Premier International Research Center, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Federica Benvenuti
- Department of Cellular Immunology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, ICGEB, Trieste, Italy.
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Gatti G, Betts C, Rocha D, Nicola M, Grupe V, Ditada C, Nuñez NG, Roselli E, Araya P, Dutto J, Boffelli L, Fernández E, Coussens LM, Maccioni M. High IRF8 expression correlates with CD8 T cell infiltration and is a predictive biomarker of therapy response in ER-negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 2021; 23:40. [PMID: 33766090 PMCID: PMC7992828 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-021-01418-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Characterization of breast cancer (BC) through the determination of conventional markers such as ER, PR, HER2, and Ki67 has been useful as a predictive and therapeutic tool. Also, assessment of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes has been proposed as an important prognostic aspect to be considered in certain BC subtypes. However, there is still a need to identify additional biomarkers that could add precision in distinguishing therapeutic response of individual patients. To this end, we focused in the expression of interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) in BC cells. IRF8 is a transcription factor which plays a well-determined role in myeloid cells and that seems to have multiple antitumoral roles: it has tumor suppressor functions; it acts downstream IFN/STAT1, required for the success of some therapeutic regimes, and its expression in neoplastic cells seems to depend on a cross talk between the immune contexture and the tumor cells. The goal of the present study was to examine the relationship between IRF8 with the therapeutic response and the immune contexture in BC, since its clinical significance in this type of cancer has not been thoroughly addressed. Methods We identified the relationship between IRF8 expression and the clinical outcome of BC patients and validated IRF8 as predictive biomarker by using public databases and then performed in silico analysis. To correlate the expression of IRF8 with the immune infiltrate in BC samples, we performed quantitative multiplex immunohistochemistry. Results IRF8 expression can precisely predict the complete pathological response to monoclonal antibody therapy or to select combinations of chemotherapy such as FAC (fluorouracil, adriamycin, and cytoxan) in ER-negative BC subtypes. Analysis of immune cell infiltration indicates there is a strong correlation between activated and effector CD8+ T cell infiltration and tumoral IRF8 expression. Conclusions We propose IRF8 expression as a potent biomarker not only for prognosis, but also for predicting therapy response in ER-negative BC phenotypes. Its expression in neoplastic cells also correlates with CD8+ T cell activation and infiltration. Therefore, our results justify new efforts towards understanding mechanisms regulating IRF8 expression and how they can be therapeutically manipulated. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13058-021-01418-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Gatti
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Cáncer, Fundación para el progreso de la Medicina, X5000EMS, Córdoba, Argentina. .,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Courtney Betts
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Darío Rocha
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Maribel Nicola
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Cáncer, Fundación para el progreso de la Medicina, X5000EMS, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Verónica Grupe
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Cáncer, Fundación para el progreso de la Medicina, X5000EMS, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Ditada
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Cáncer, Fundación para el progreso de la Medicina, X5000EMS, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Nicolas G Nuñez
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Emiliano Roselli
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, 5000, Argentina
| | - Paula Araya
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, 5000, Argentina
| | - Jeremías Dutto
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, 5000, Argentina
| | - Lucia Boffelli
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, 5000, Argentina
| | - Elmer Fernández
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,CIDIE-CONICET, Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Lisa M Coussens
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Mariana Maccioni
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, 5000, Argentina
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Wu H, Zhong D, Zhang Z, Wu Y, Li Y, Mao H, Luo K, Kong D, Gong Q, Gu Z. A Bacteria-Inspired Morphology Genetic Biomedical Material: Self-Propelled Artificial Microbots for Metastatic Triple Negative Breast Cancer Treatment. ACS NANO 2021; 15:4845-4860. [PMID: 33625212 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c09594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Morphology genetic biomedical materials (MGBMs), referring to fabricating materials by learning from the genetic morphologies and strategies of natural species, hold great potential for biomedical applications. Inspired by the cargo-carrying-bacterial therapy (microbots) for cancer treatment, a MGBM (artificial microbots, AMBs) was constructed. Rather than the inherent bacterial properties (cancerous chemotaxis, tumor invasion, cytotoxicity), AMBs also possessed ingenious nitric oxide (NO) generation strategy. Mimicking the bacterial construction, the hyaluronic acid (HA) polysaccharide was induced as a coating capsule of AMBs to achieve long circulation in blood and specific tissue preference (tumor tropism). Covered under the capsule-like polysaccharide was the combinatorial agent, the self-assembly constructed by the amphiphilic dendrons with abundant l-arginine residues peripherally (as endogenous NO donor) and hydrophobic chemotherapeutic drugs at the core stacking on the surface of SWNTs (the photothermal agent) for a robust chemo-photothermal therapy (chemo-PTT) and the elicited immune therapy. Subsequently, the classic inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) pathway aroused by immune response was revolutionarily utilized to oxidize the l-arginine substrates for NO production, the process for which could also be promoted by the high reactive oxygen species level generated by chemo-PTT. The NO generated by AMBs was intended to regulate vasodilation and cause a dramatic invasion (as the microbots) to disperse the therapeutic agents throughout the solid tumor for a much more enhanced curative effect, which we defined as "self-propulsion". The self-propelled AMBs exhibiting impressive primary tumor ablation, as well as the distant metastasis regression to conquer the metastatic triple negative breast cancer, provided pioneering potential therapeutic opportunities, and enlightened broad prospects in biomedical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huayu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Dan Zhong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC) Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC) Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Yahui Wu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC) Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Yunkun Li
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC) Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Hongli Mao
- Research Institute for Biomaterials, Tech Institute for Advanced Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, NJTech-BARTY Joint Research Center for Innovative Medical Technology, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Kui Luo
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC) Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Deling Kong
- The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC) Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Zhongwei Gu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC) Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
- Research Institute for Biomaterials, Tech Institute for Advanced Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, NJTech-BARTY Joint Research Center for Innovative Medical Technology, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
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70
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Thike AA, Chen X, Koh VCY, Binte Md Nasir ND, Yeong JPS, Bay BH, Tan PH. Higher densities of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes and CD4 + T cells predict recurrence and progression of ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast. Histopathology 2021; 76:852-864. [PMID: 31883279 DOI: 10.1111/his.14055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Host immunity influences cancer progression and therapeutic response. We investigated the potential of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) around ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) in predicting recurrence and progression. METHODS AND RESULTS CD4, CD8, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in DCIS from 198 patients was determined by immunohistochemistry. We correlated disease-free survival (DFS), clinicopathological parameters and biomarker expression with TIL density and CD4/CD8 ratio. High TIL density was associated with high nuclear grade (P < 0.001), DCIS PD-L1 expression (P = 0.008), TIL PD-L1 expression (P < 0.001), oestrogen (ER) negativity (P < 0.001), progesterone (PR) negativity (P < 0.001), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positivity (P = 0.002) and triple negativity (P = 0.001). TIL PD-L1 expression was associated with triple-negative DCIS (P = 0.028). TIL density was associated with molecular subtypes (P < 0.001). High CD4+ T cell density was associated with high nuclear grade (P = 0.001), microinvasion (P = 0.037), ER negativity (P < 0.001), PR negativity (P = 0.001), HER2 positivity (P = 0.004), triple negativity (P = 0.023) and PD-L1 expression in TILs (P < 0.011). High CD4/CD8 ratio was associated with PD-L1 expression in DCIS (P = 0.035) and TILs (P < 0.001). DCIS with higher TIL density disclosed worse DFS (P = 0.012) and was affirmed with multivariate analysis [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.109-2.554, hazard ratio (HR) = 1.683, P = 0.014]. Poorer DFS for ipsilateral invasive recurrence was found for DCIS with higher CD4+ T cell density (P = 0.006) or CD4/CD8 ratio (P = 0.02), confirmed by multivariate analysis for the former (95% CI = 1.369-10.196, HR = 3.736, P = 0.01) and latter (95% CI = 1.311-7.935, HR = 3.225, P = 0.011). CONCLUSION DCIS with higher TIL density was associated with poorer prognostic parameters and predicted recurrence, while both CD4+ T cell density and CD4/CD8 ratio were associated with both recurrence and ipsilateral invasive recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aye Aye Thike
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Xiaoyang Chen
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore.,Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | - Joe P S Yeong
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore.,Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore
| | - Boon Huat Bay
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Puay Hoon Tan
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.,Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Division of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
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71
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Ahn R, Ursini-Siegel J. Clinical Potential of Kinase Inhibitors in Combination with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for the Treatment of Solid Tumors. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052608. [PMID: 33807608 PMCID: PMC7961781 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncogenic kinases contribute to immunosuppression and modulate the tumor microenvironment in solid tumors. Increasing evidence supports the fundamental role of oncogenic kinase signaling networks in coordinating immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments. This has led to numerous studies examining the efficacy of kinase inhibitors in inducing anti-tumor immune responses by increasing tumor immunogenicity. Kinase inhibitors are the second most common FDA-approved group of drugs that are deployed for cancer treatment. With few exceptions, they inevitably lead to intrinsic and/or acquired resistance, particularly in patients with metastatic disease when used as a monotherapy. On the other hand, cancer immunotherapies, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, have revolutionized cancer treatment for malignancies such as melanoma and lung cancer. However, key hurdles remain to successfully incorporate such therapies in the treatment of other solid cancers. Here, we review the recent literature on oncogenic kinases that regulate tumor immunogenicity, immune suppression, and anti-tumor immunity. Furthermore, we discuss current efforts in clinical trials that combine kinase inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors to treat breast cancer and other solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuhjin Ahn
- Department of Biological Engineering, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA;
| | - Josie Ursini-Siegel
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
- Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
- Department of Oncology, McGill University, 546 Pine Avenue West, Montréal, QC H2W 1S6, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +514-340-8222 (ext. 26557); Fax: +514-340-7502
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72
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Zhang Y, Xie X, Yeganeh PN, Lee DJ, Valle-Garcia D, Meza-Sosa KF, Junqueira C, Su J, Luo HR, Hide W, Lieberman J. Immunotherapy for breast cancer using EpCAM aptamer tumor-targeted gene knockdown. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2022830118. [PMID: 33627408 PMCID: PMC7936362 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2022830118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
New strategies for cancer immunotherapy are needed since most solid tumors do not respond to current approaches. Here we used epithelial cell adhesion molecule EpCAM (a tumor-associated antigen highly expressed on common epithelial cancers and their tumor-initiating cells) aptamer-linked small-interfering RNA chimeras (AsiCs) to knock down genes selectively in EpCAM+ tumors with the goal of making cancers more visible to the immune system. Knockdown of genes that function in multiple steps of cancer immunity was evaluated in aggressive triple-negative and HER2+ orthotopic, metastatic, and genetically engineered mouse breast cancer models. Gene targets were chosen whose knockdown was predicted to promote tumor neoantigen expression (Upf2, Parp1, Apex1), phagocytosis, and antigen presentation (Cd47), reduce checkpoint inhibition (Cd274), or cause tumor cell death (Mcl1). Four of the six AsiC (Upf2, Parp1, Cd47, and Mcl1) potently inhibited tumor growth and boosted tumor-infiltrating immune cell functions. AsiC mixtures were more effective than individual AsiC and could synergize with anti-PD-1 checkpoint inhibition.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigen Presentation/drug effects
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/pharmacology
- Aptamers, Nucleotide/chemistry
- Aptamers, Nucleotide/immunology
- Aptamers, Nucleotide/pharmacology
- B7-H1 Antigen/antagonists & inhibitors
- B7-H1 Antigen/genetics
- B7-H1 Antigen/immunology
- CD47 Antigen/antagonists & inhibitors
- CD47 Antigen/genetics
- CD47 Antigen/immunology
- DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase/antagonists & inhibitors
- DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase/genetics
- DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase/immunology
- Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule/genetics
- Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule/immunology
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Immunoconjugates/chemistry
- Immunoconjugates/immunology
- Immunoconjugates/pharmacology
- Immunotherapy/methods
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/therapy
- Mice
- Molecular Targeted Therapy
- Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein/antagonists & inhibitors
- Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein/genetics
- Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein/immunology
- Neoplasm Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/immunology
- Phagocytosis/drug effects
- Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1/genetics
- Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1/immunology
- RNA-Binding Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- RNA-Binding Proteins/immunology
- Receptor, ErbB-2/genetics
- Receptor, ErbB-2/immunology
- Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/immunology
- Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/therapy
- Tumor Burden/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Xuemei Xie
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Lab Medicine and The Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
- The State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 300020 Tianjin, China
| | | | - Dian-Jang Lee
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - David Valle-Garcia
- Divison of Newborn Medicine and Epigenetics Program, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunobiología, Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 62210 Cuernavaca, México
| | - Karla F Meza-Sosa
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunobiología, Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 62210 Cuernavaca, México
| | - Caroline Junqueira
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- René Rachou Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 30190-002 Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Jiayu Su
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Lab Medicine and The Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
- School of Life Sciences, Center for Bioinformatics, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China
- Center for Statistical Science, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China
| | - Hongbo R Luo
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Lab Medicine and The Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Winston Hide
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Judy Lieberman
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115;
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
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Yu X, Guo J, Zhou Q, Huang W, Xu C, Long X. A novel immune-related prognostic index for predicting breast cancer overall survival. Breast Cancer 2021; 28:434-447. [PMID: 33146847 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-020-01175-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To find immune-related genes with prognostic value in breast cancer, and construct a prognostic risk assessment model to make a more accurate assessment. Moreover, looking for potential immune markers for breast cancer immunotherapy. METHODS The breast cancer (BC) data were retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database as a training set. Through the Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), Kaplan-Meier (KM) analysis, lasso regression analysis and stepwise backward Cox regression analysis, screening for prognosis-related immune genes, a prognostic index was built, and external validation with two data sets of Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was performed. Transcription factor (TF) regulatory network was constructed to identify key transcription factors that regulate prognostic immune genes. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to explore the signal pathways differences between high and low-risk groups, estimate package and TIMER database were used to evaluate the relationship between risk score and tumor immune microenvironment. RESULTS We obtained 10 prognosis-related immune genes, and the index showed accurate prognostic value. We also identified 7 prognostic transcription factors. Multiple signaling pathways that inhibit tumor progression were enriched in the low-risk group, and risk score was significantly negatively related to the degree of immune infiltration and the expression level of immune checkpoint genes. CONCLUSION We successfully constructed an independent prognostic index, which not only has a stronger predictive ability than the tumor pathological stage, but also can reflect the immune infiltration of breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosi Yu
- Department of Labortory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Juan Guo
- Department of Labortory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Department of Labortory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Wenjie Huang
- Department of Labortory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Labortory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xinghua Long
- Department of Labortory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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Advantages of targeting the tumor immune microenvironment over blocking immune checkpoint in cancer immunotherapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:72. [PMID: 33608497 PMCID: PMC7896069 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00449-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite great success in cancer immunotherapy, immune checkpoint-targeting drugs are not the most popular weapon in the armory of cancer therapy. Accumulating evidence suggests that the tumor immune microenvironment plays a critical role in anti-cancer immunity, which may result in immune checkpoint blockade therapy being ineffective, in addition to other novel immunotherapies in cancer patients. In the present review, we discuss the deficiencies of current cancer immunotherapies. More importantly, we highlight the critical role of tumor immune microenvironment regulators in tumor immune surveillance, immunological evasion, and the potential for their further translation into clinical practice. Based on their general targetability in clinical therapy, we believe that tumor immune microenvironment regulators are promising cancer immunotherapeutic targets. Targeting the tumor immune microenvironment, alone or in combination with immune checkpoint-targeting drugs, might benefit cancer patients in the future.
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75
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Ahmetlic F, Fauser J, Riedel T, Bauer V, Flessner C, Hömberg N, Hennel R, Brenner E, Lauber K, Röcken M, Mocikat R. Therapy of lymphoma by immune checkpoint inhibitors: the role of T cells, NK cells and cytokine-induced tumor senescence. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2020-001660. [PMID: 33441389 PMCID: PMC7812096 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-001660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although antibodies blocking immune checkpoints have already been approved for clinical cancer treatment, the mechanisms involved are not yet completely elucidated. Here we used a λ-MYC transgenic model of endogenously growing B-cell lymphoma to analyze the requirements for effective therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Methods Growth of spontaneous lymphoma was monitored in mice that received antibodies targeting programmed cell death protein 1 and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein-4, and the role of different immune cell compartments and cytokines was studied by in vivo depletion experiments. Activation of T and natural killer cells and the induction of tumor senescence were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results On immune checkpoint blockade, visible lymphomas developed at later time points than in untreated controls, indicating an enhanced tumor control. Importantly, 20% to 30% of mice were even long-term protected and did never develop clinical signs of tumor growth. The therapeutic effect was dependent on cytokine-induced senescence in malignant B cells. The proinflammatory cytokines interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) were necessary for the survival benefit as well as for senescence induction in the λ-MYC model. Antibody therapy improved T-cell functions such as cytokine production, and long-time survivors were only observed in the presence of T cells. Yet, NK cells also had a pronounced effect on therapy-induced delay of tumor growth. Antibody treatment enhanced numbers, proliferation and IFN-γ expression of NK cells in developing tumors. The therapeutic effect was fully abrogated only after depletion of both, T cells and NK cells, or after ablation of either IFN-γ or TNF. Conclusions Tumor cell senescence may explain why patients responding to immune checkpoint blockade frequently show stable growth arrest of tumors rather than complete tumor regression. In the lymphoma model studied, successful therapy required both, tumor-directed T-cell responses and NK cells, which control, at least partly, tumor development through cytokine-induced tumor senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Ahmetlic
- Helmholtz-Zentrum München, Eigenständige Forschungseinheit Translationale Molekulare Immunologie, München, Germany.,Helmholtz-Zentrum München, Institut für Molekulare Immunologie, München, Germany
| | - Josia Fauser
- Helmholtz-Zentrum München, Eigenständige Forschungseinheit Translationale Molekulare Immunologie, München, Germany
| | - Tanja Riedel
- Helmholtz-Zentrum München, Institut für Molekulare Immunologie, München, Germany
| | - Vera Bauer
- Helmholtz-Zentrum München, Eigenständige Forschungseinheit Translationale Molekulare Immunologie, München, Germany
| | - Carolin Flessner
- Helmholtz-Zentrum München, Institut für Molekulare Immunologie, München, Germany
| | - Nadine Hömberg
- Helmholtz-Zentrum München, Eigenständige Forschungseinheit Translationale Molekulare Immunologie, München, Germany.,Helmholtz-Zentrum München, Institut für Molekulare Immunologie, München, Germany
| | - Roman Hennel
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Strahlentherapie und Radioonkologie, LMU München, München, Germany
| | - Ellen Brenner
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Eberhard-Karls-Universitat Tübingen, Medizinische Fakultät, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Kirsten Lauber
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Strahlentherapie und Radioonkologie, LMU München, München, Germany
| | - Martin Röcken
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Eberhard-Karls-Universitat Tübingen, Medizinische Fakultät, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ralph Mocikat
- Helmholtz-Zentrum München, Eigenständige Forschungseinheit Translationale Molekulare Immunologie, München, Germany .,Helmholtz-Zentrum München, Institut für Molekulare Immunologie, München, Germany
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76
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Dormant Tumor Cell Vaccination: A Mathematical Model of Immunological Dormancy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13020245. [PMID: 33440806 PMCID: PMC7827392 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer, particularly affecting young women. Chemotherapy is the main choice for the treatment of these patients. It has been shown that some chemotherapies induce immunogenic cell death and elicit an adaptive cytotoxic T cell immune response through the activation of the type I interferon pathway. We made an evolutionary mathematical model based on the recently reported in vivo induction of immunological tumor dormancy of a murine TNBC cell line upon in vitro treatment with chemotherapy. Our model replicates the previously obtained experimental results and predicts a prophylactic and therapeutic vaccination effect by injecting dormant cells with active type I interferon signaling, before or after challenge with the aggressive parental tumor cells, respectively. These results show the potential of a dormant tumor cell-based therapy inducing an adaptive immune response, suppressing tumor growth. Abstract Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a molecular subtype of breast malignancy with a poor clinical prognosis. There is growing evidence that some chemotherapeutic agents induce an adaptive anti-tumor immune response. This reaction has been proposed to maintain the equilibrium phase of the immunoediting process and to control tumor growth by immunological cancer dormancy. We recently reported a model of immunological breast cancer dormancy based on the murine 4T1 TNBC model. Treatment of 4T1 cells in vitro with high-dose chemotherapy activated the type I interferon (type I IFN) signaling pathway, causing a switch from immunosuppressive to cytotoxic T lymphocyte-dependent immune response in vivo, resulting in sustained dormancy. Here, we developed a deterministic mathematical model based on the assumption that two cell subpopulations exist within the treated tumor: one population with high type I IFN signaling and immunogenicity and lower growth rate; the other population with low type I IFN signaling and immunogenicity and higher growth rate. The model reproduced cancer dormancy, elimination, and immune-escape in agreement with our previously reported experimental data. It predicted that the injection of dormant tumor cells with active type I IFN signaling results in complete growth control of the aggressive parental cancer cells injected at a later time point, but also of an already established aggressive tumor. Taken together, our results indicate that a dormant cell population can suppress the growth of an aggressive counterpart by eliciting a cytotoxic T lymphocyte-dependent immune response.
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77
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Huang X, Tang T, Zhang G, Hong Z, Xu J, Yadav DK, Bai X, Liang T. Genomic investigation of co-targeting tumor immune microenvironment and immune checkpoints in pan-cancer immunotherapy. NPJ Precis Oncol 2020; 4:29. [PMID: 33299118 PMCID: PMC7666137 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-020-00136-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Drugs that target immune checkpoints (ICPs) have become the most popular weapons in cancer immunotherapy; however, they are only beneficial for a small fraction of patients. Accumulating evidence suggests that the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) plays a critical role in anti-cancer immunity. This study aimed to assess the potential merits and feasibility of combinational targeting ICPs and TIME in cancer immunotherapy. A total of 31 cancer type-specific datasets in TCGA were individually collected by the publicly available web servers for multiple bioinformatic analyses of ICPs and TIME factors. GEPIA was used to calculate the prognostic indexes, STRING was used to construct protein-protein interactions, cBioPortal was used for visualization and comparison of genetic alterations, and TISIDB was used to explore the correlation to tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). Intriguingly, TIME factors were identified to have more global coverage and prognostic significance across multiple cancer types compared with ICPs, thus offering more general targetability in clinical therapy. Moreover, TIME factors showed interactive potential with ICPs, and genomic alteration of TIME factors coupled with that of ICPs, at least in pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, TIME factors were found to be significantly associated with TILs, including but not limited to pancreatic cancer. Finally, the clinical significance and translational potential of further combination therapies that incorporate both ICP inhibitors and TIME factor-targeted treatments were discussed. Together, TIME factors are promising immunotherapeutic targets, and a combination strategy of TIME factors-targeted therapies with ICP inhibitors may benefit more cancer patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Huang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.
- Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Tianyu Tang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
- Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gang Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
- Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhengtao Hong
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
- Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
- Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dipesh Kumar Yadav
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
- Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xueli Bai
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.
- Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Tingbo Liang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.
- Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.
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78
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Gil Del Alcazar CR, Alečković M, Polyak K. Immune Escape during Breast Tumor Progression. Cancer Immunol Res 2020; 8:422-427. [PMID: 32238387 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-19-0786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy using checkpoint inhibitors is one of the most promising current cancer treatment strategies. However, in breast cancer, its success has been limited to a subset of patients with triple-negative disease, whose durability of observed responses remain unclear. The lack of detailed understanding of breast tumor immune evasion mechanisms and the treatment of patients with highly heterogeneous metastatic disease contribute to these disappointing results. Here we discuss the current knowledge about immune-related changes during breast tumor progression, with special emphasis on the in situ-to-invasive breast carcinoma transition that may represent a key step of immunoediting in breast cancer. Comprehensive characterization of early-stage disease and better understanding of immunologic drivers of disease progression will likely expand the tools available for immunotherapy and improve patient stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos R Gil Del Alcazar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Maša Alečković
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kornelia Polyak
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts. .,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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79
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Workenhe ST, Nguyen A, Bakhshinyan D, Wei J, Hare DN, MacNeill KL, Wan Y, Oberst A, Bramson JL, Nasir JA, Vito A, El-Sayes N, Singh SK, McArthur AG, Mossman KL. De novo necroptosis creates an inflammatory environment mediating tumor susceptibility to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Commun Biol 2020; 3:645. [PMID: 33149194 PMCID: PMC7643076 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01362-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapies using monoclonal antibodies to block inhibitory checkpoints are showing durable remissions in many types of cancer patients, although the majority of breast cancer patients acquire little benefit. Human melanoma and lung cancer patient studies suggest that immune checkpoint inhibitors are often potent in patients that already have intratumoral T cell infiltrate; although it remains unknown what types of interventions can result in an intratumoral T cell infiltrate in breast cancer. Using non-T cell-inflamed mammary tumors, we assessed what biological processes and downstream inflammation can overcome the barriers to spontaneous T cell priming. Here we show a specific type of combination therapy, consisting of oncolytic virus and chemotherapy, activates necroptosis and limits tumor growth in autochthonous tumors. Combination therapy activates proinflammatory cytokines; intratumoral influx of myeloid cells and cytotoxic T cell infiltrate in locally treated and distant autochthonous tumors to render them susceptible to immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel T Workenhe
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
| | - Andrew Nguyen
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - David Bakhshinyan
- Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jiarun Wei
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - David N Hare
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Kelly L MacNeill
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Yonghong Wan
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Andrew Oberst
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Jonathan L Bramson
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jalees A Nasir
- David Braley Centre for Antibiotic Discovery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Alyssa Vito
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Nader El-Sayes
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Sheila K Singh
- Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Andrew G McArthur
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
- David Braley Centre for Antibiotic Discovery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Karen L Mossman
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
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80
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Breast ductal Carcinoma in situ associated with microinvasion induces immunological response and predicts ipsilateral invasive recurrence. Virchows Arch 2020; 478:679-686. [PMID: 33140128 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-020-02959-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Although microinvasion (Mi) is often thought to be an interim stage between ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and established invasive ductal carcinoma, survival outcomes and biological behaviour of DCIS-Mi are still poorly understood. This study investigated the potential influence of Mi on disease-free survival (DFS) and assessed its correlations with clinicopathological parameters, prognosis, molecular, and immune markers. CD4, CD8, forkhead box P3 (FOXP3), CD68, CD163, programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), and its ligand (PD-L1) expression in pure DCIS and DCIS-Mi, from a cohort of 198 patients, were determined by immunohistochemistry. DFS, clinicopathological parameters, immune markers, and biomarker expression were correlated with presence of Mi. Twelve out of 198 DCIS cases were associated with Mi. DCIS-Mi was significantly linked with ipsilateral invasive recurrence (p = 0.032). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that DCIS-Mi had worse DFS for ipsilateral invasive recurrence (p = 0.011) and this was affirmed by multivariate Cox regression analysis (95% CI 1.181-9.010, HR = 3.262, p = 0.023). DCIS-Mi was associated with higher densities of immune infiltrates positive for CD4 (p = 0.037), FOXP3 (p = 0.037), CD163 (p = 0.01), and PD-L1 (p = 0.015). This study demonstrated that DCIS-Mi was correlated with high densities of immune infiltrates and predicted ipsilateral invasive recurrence.
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81
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De Palma FDE, Del Monaco V, Pol JG, Kremer M, D’Argenio V, Stoll G, Montanaro D, Uszczyńska-Ratajczak B, Klein CC, Vlasova A, Botti G, D’Aiuto M, Baldi A, Guigó R, Kroemer G, Maiuri MC, Salvatore F. The abundance of the long intergenic non-coding RNA 01087 differentiates between luminal and triple-negative breast cancers and predicts patient outcome. Pharmacol Res 2020; 161:105249. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Heat Shock Protein 90 Family Isoforms as Prognostic Biomarkers and Their Correlations with Immune Infiltration in Breast Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:2148253. [PMID: 33145341 PMCID: PMC7596464 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2148253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background The heat shock protein 90 (HSP90s) family is composed of molecular chaperones composed of four isoforms in humans, which has been widely reported as unregulated in various kinds of cancers. Nevertheless, the role of each HSP90s isoform in prognosis and immune infiltration in distinct subtypes of breast cancer (BRAC) remains unclear. Methods Public online databases including the Oncomine, UALCAN, Kaplan-Meier Plotter, Tumor IMmune Estimation Resource (TIMER), Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), GeneMANIA, and Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) were integrated to perform bioinformatic analyses and to explore the possible associations among HSP90s gene expression, prognosis, and immune infiltration in BRAC. Results The mRNA expression of all HSP90s members was elevated in distinct clinical stages and subtypes of BRAC, compared with the normal breast tissue (P < 0.05). Overexpressed HSP90AA1 was associated with poor prognosis, particularly, both short overall survival (OS) and release-free survival (RFS) in Basal-like BRAC patients; overexpressed HSP90AB1 and HSP90B1 were both associated with poor RFS in Luminal A BRAC patients, while overexpressed TRAP1 was associated with favorable RFS in Luminal A BRAC patients. Moreover, HSP90s gene expression in BRAC showed correlations with the infiltration of CD8+ T cells, neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells (DCs), as well as the activation of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), DCs, and CD4+ helper T (Th) cells. The underlying mechanisms of HSP90s modulating tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) might be related with their functions in antigen processing and presentation, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) binding, and assisting client proteins. Conclusion This study demonstrated that HSP90s family genes were overexpressed and might be serve as prognostic biomarkers in subtypes of BRAC. It might be a novel breakthrough point of BRAC treatment to regulate immune infiltration in BRAC microenvironment for more effective anticancer immunity through pharmacological intervention of HSP90s.
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83
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Macasoi I, Mioc A, Mioc M, Racoviceanu R, Soica I, Chevereșan A, Dehelean C, Dumitrașcu V. Targeting Mitochondria through the Use of Mitocans as Emerging Anticancer Agents. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:5730-5757. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190712150638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are key players with a multi-functional role in many vital cellular processes,
such as energy metabolism, redox regulation, calcium homeostasis, Reactive Oxygen Species
(ROS) as well as in cell signaling, survival and apoptosis. These functions are mainly regulated
through important enzyme signaling cascades, which if altered may influence the outcome of cell
viability and apoptosis. Therefore some of the key enzymes that are vital for these signaling pathways
are emerging as important targets for new anticancer agent development. Mitocans are compounds
aimed at targeting mitochondria in cancer cells by altering mitochondrial functions thus
causing cell growth inhibition or apoptosis. This review summarizes the till present known classes
of mitocans, their mechanism of action and potential therapeutic use in different forms of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Macasoi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Alexandra Mioc
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Marius Mioc
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Roxana Racoviceanu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Irina Soica
- Earlscliffe Sixth Form, Earlscliffe, 29 Shorncliffe Road, Folkestone, CT20 2NB, United Kingdom
| | - Adelina Chevereșan
- Faculty of Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Cristina Dehelean
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Victor Dumitrașcu
- Faculty of Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu, Timisoara, Romania
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84
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Buqué A, Perez-Lanzón M, Petroni G, Humeau J, Bloy N, Yamazaki T, Sato A, Kroemer G, Galluzzi L. MPA/DMBA-driven mammary carcinomas. Methods Cell Biol 2020; 163:1-19. [PMID: 33785159 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2020.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA, D) administered per os to wild-type female mice bearing slow-release medroxyprogesterone (MPA, M) pellets s.c. drives the formation of mammary carcinomas that recapitulate numerous immunobiological features of human luminal B breast cancer. In particular, M/D-driven mammary carcinomas established in immunocompetent C57BL/6 female mice (1) express hormone receptors, (2) emerge by evading natural immunosurveillance and hence display a scarce immune infiltrate largely polarized toward immunosuppression, (3) exhibit exquisite sensitivity to CDK4/CDK6 inhibitors, and (4) are largely resistant to immunotherapy with immune checkpoint blockers targeting PD-1. Thus, M/D-driven mammary carcinomas evolving in immunocompetent female mice stand out as a privileged preclinical platform for the study of luminal B breast cancer. Here, we provide a detailed protocol for the establishment of M/D-driven mammary carcinomas in wild-type C57BL/6 female mice. This protocol can be easily adapted to generate M/D-driven mammary carcinomas in female mice with most genetic backgrounds (including genetically-engineered mice).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitziber Buqué
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
| | - Maria Perez-Lanzón
- Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Institut Universitaire de France, INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris Sud, Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Giulia Petroni
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
| | - Juliette Humeau
- Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Institut Universitaire de France, INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris Sud, Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Norma Bloy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
| | - Takahiro Yamazaki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ai Sato
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Institut Universitaire de France, INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France; Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France; Suzhou Institute for Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States; Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States; Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York, NY, United States.
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85
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Buque A, Bloy N, Petroni G, Kroemer G, Galluzzi L. NK cells beat T cells at early breast cancer control. Oncoimmunology 2020; 9:1806010. [PMID: 32923169 PMCID: PMC7458610 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2020.1806010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunosurveillance generally relies on adaptive immune programs executed by CD8+ T cells. Our findings demonstrate that CD8+ T cells fail to control early oncogenesis in a mouse model of luminal B breast cancer and suggest that natural killer (NK) cells may instead play a predominant role in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitziber Buque
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Norma Bloy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Giulia Petroni
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe Labellisée Par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France
- Suzhou Institute for Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, China
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Université de Paris, Paris, France
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86
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Immunostimulation with chemotherapy in the era of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2020; 17:725-741. [PMID: 32760014 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-020-0413-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 729] [Impact Index Per Article: 182.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Conventional chemotherapeutics have been developed into clinically useful agents based on their ability to preferentially kill malignant cells, generally owing to their elevated proliferation rate. Nonetheless, the clinical activity of various chemotherapies is now known to involve the stimulation of anticancer immunity either by initiating the release of immunostimulatory molecules from dying cancer cells or by mediating off-target effects on immune cell populations. Understanding the precise immunological mechanisms that underlie the efficacy of chemotherapy has the potential not only to enable the identification of superior biomarkers of response but also to accelerate the development of synergistic combination regimens that enhance the clinical effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) relative to their effectiveness as monotherapies. Indeed, accumulating evidence supports the clinical value of combining appropriately dosed chemotherapies with ICIs. In this Review, we discuss preclinical and clinical data on the immunostimulatory effects of conventional chemotherapeutics in the context of ICI-based immunotherapy.
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87
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Swain Ewald HA, Ewald PW. Integrating the microbiome into the barrier theory of cancer. Evol Appl 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/eva.13066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul W. Ewald
- Department of Biology University of Louiville Louisville KY USA
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88
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Earl H, Hiller L, Vallier AL, Loi S, McAdam K, Hughes-Davies L, Rea D, Howe D, Raynes K, Higgins HB, Wilcox M, Plummer C, Mahler-Araujo B, Provenzano E, Chhabra A, Gasson S, Balmer C, Abraham JE, Caldas C, Hall P, Shinkins B, McCabe C, Hulme C, Miles D, Wardley AM, Cameron DA, Dunn JA. Six versus 12 months' adjuvant trastuzumab in patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer: the PERSEPHONE non-inferiority RCT. Health Technol Assess 2020; 24:1-190. [PMID: 32880572 PMCID: PMC7505360 DOI: 10.3310/hta24400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The addition of adjuvant trastuzumab to chemotherapy has significantly improved outcomes for people with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive, early, potentially curable breast cancer. Twelve months' trastuzumab, tested in registration trials, was adopted as standard adjuvant treatment in 2006. Subsequently, similar outcomes were demonstrated using 9 weeks of trastuzumab. Shorter durations were therefore tested for non-inferiority. OBJECTIVES To establish whether or not 6 months' adjuvant trastuzumab is non-inferior to 12 months' in the treatment of HER2-positive early breast cancer using a primary end point of 4-year disease-free survival. DESIGN This was a Phase III randomised controlled non-inferiority trial. SETTING The setting was 152 NHS hospitals. PARTICIPANTS A total of 4088 patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer who it was planned would receive both chemotherapy and trastuzumab took part. INTERVENTION Randomisation (1 : 1) to 6 months' or 12 months' trastuzumab treatment. MAIN OUTCOMES The primary end point was disease-free survival. The secondary end points were overall survival, cost-effectiveness and cardiac function during treatment with trastuzumab. Assuming a 4-year disease-free survival rate of 80% with 12 months' trastuzumab, 4000 patients were required to demonstrate non-inferiority of 6 months' trastuzumab (5% one-sided significance, 85% power), defining the non-inferiority limit as no worse than 3% below the standard arm. Costs and quality-adjusted life-years were estimated using a within-trial analysis and a lifetime decision-analytic model. RESULTS Between 4 October 2007 and 31 July 2015, 2045 patients were randomised to 12 months' trastuzumab and 2043 were randomised to 6 months' trastuzumab. Sixty-nine per cent of patients had ER-positive disease; 90% received anthracyclines (49% with taxanes; 41% without taxanes); 10% received taxanes without anthracyclines; 54% received trastuzumab sequentially after chemotherapy; and 85% received adjuvant chemotherapy (58% were node negative). At 6.1 years' median follow-up, with 389 (10%) deaths and 566 (14%) disease-free survival events, the 4-year disease-free survival rates for the 4088 patients were 89.5% (95% confidence interval 88.1% to 90.8%) in the 6-month group and 90.3% (95% confidence interval 88.9% to 91.5%) in the 12-month group (hazard ratio 1.10, 90% confidence interval 0.96 to 1.26; non-inferiority p = 0.01), demonstrating non-inferiority of 6 months' trastuzumab. Congruent results were found for overall survival (non-inferiority p = 0.0003) and landmark analyses 6 months from starting trastuzumab [non-inferiority p = 0.03 (disease-free-survival) and p = 0.006 (overall survival)]. Six months' trastuzumab resulted in fewer patients reporting adverse events of severe grade [365/1929 (19%) vs. 460/1935 (24%) for 12-month patients; p = 0.0003] or stopping early because of cardiotoxicity [61/1977 (3%) vs. 146/1941 (8%) for 12-month patients; p < 0.0001]. Health economic analysis showed that 6 months' trastuzumab resulted in significantly lower lifetime costs than and similar lifetime quality-adjusted life-years to 12 months' trastuzumab, and thus there is a high probability that 6 months' trastuzumab is cost-effective compared with 12 months' trastuzumab. Patient-reported experiences in the trial highlighted fatigue and aches and pains most frequently. LIMITATIONS The type of chemotherapy and timing of trastuzumab changed during the recruitment phase of the study as standard practice altered. CONCLUSIONS PERSEPHONE demonstrated that, in the treatment of HER2-positive early breast cancer, 6 months' adjuvant trastuzumab is non-inferior to 12 months'. Six months' treatment resulted in significantly less cardiac toxicity and fewer severe adverse events. FUTURE WORK Ongoing translational work investigates patient and tumour genetic determinants of toxicity, and trastuzumab efficacy. An individual patient data meta-analysis with PHARE and other trastuzumab duration trials is planned. TRIAL REGISTRATION Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN52968807, EudraCT 2006-007018-39 and ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00712140. FUNDING This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 24, No. 40. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Earl
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
- NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Louise Hiller
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Anne-Laure Vallier
- Cambridge Clinical Trials Unit - Cancer Theme, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Shrushma Loi
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Karen McAdam
- Department of Oncology, North West Anglia NHS Foundation Trust, Peterborough City Hospital, Peterborough, UK
- Department of Oncology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Luke Hughes-Davies
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Oncology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Daniel Rea
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit (CRCTU), Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Donna Howe
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Kerry Raynes
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Helen B Higgins
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | | | - Chris Plummer
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Betania Mahler-Araujo
- Department of Histopathology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Elena Provenzano
- NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Histopathology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anita Chhabra
- Pharmacy, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sophie Gasson
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Claire Balmer
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Jean E Abraham
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
- NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Carlos Caldas
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
- NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Peter Hall
- Edinburgh University Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Bethany Shinkins
- Academic Unit of Health Economics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Claire Hulme
- Academic Unit of Health Economics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Health Economics Group, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - David Miles
- Medical Oncology, Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Northwood, UK
| | - Andrew M Wardley
- NIHR Manchester Clinical Research Facility at The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - David A Cameron
- Edinburgh University Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Janet A Dunn
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
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89
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Buqué A, Bloy N, Perez-Lanzón M, Iribarren K, Humeau J, Pol JG, Levesque S, Mondragon L, Yamazaki T, Sato A, Aranda F, Durand S, Boissonnas A, Fucikova J, Senovilla L, Enot D, Hensler M, Kremer M, Stoll G, Hu Y, Massa C, Formenti SC, Seliger B, Elemento O, Spisek R, André F, Zitvogel L, Delaloge S, Kroemer G, Galluzzi L. Immunoprophylactic and immunotherapeutic control of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3819. [PMID: 32732875 PMCID: PMC7393498 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17644-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Hormone receptor (HR)+ breast cancer (BC) causes most BC-related deaths, calling for improved therapeutic approaches. Despite expectations, immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs) are poorly active in patients with HR+ BC, in part reflecting the lack of preclinical models that recapitulate disease progression in immunocompetent hosts. We demonstrate that mammary tumors driven by medroxyprogesterone acetate (M) and 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (D) recapitulate several key features of human luminal B HR+HER2- BC, including limited immune infiltration and poor sensitivity to ICBs. M/D-driven oncogenesis is accelerated by immune defects, demonstrating that M/D-driven tumors are under immunosurveillance. Safe nutritional measures including nicotinamide (NAM) supplementation efficiently delay M/D-driven oncogenesis by reactivating immunosurveillance. NAM also mediates immunotherapeutic effects against established M/D-driven and transplantable BC, largely reflecting increased type I interferon secretion by malignant cells and direct stimulation of immune effector cells. Our findings identify NAM as a potential strategy for the prevention and treatment of HR+ BC.
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MESH Headings
- 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene
- Animals
- Breast Neoplasms/immunology
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/therapy
- Carcinogenesis/drug effects
- Carcinogenesis/immunology
- Disease Progression
- Female
- Humans
- Immunotherapy/methods
- Interferon Type I/immunology
- Interferon Type I/metabolism
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/chemically induced
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/prevention & control
- Medroxyprogesterone Acetate
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Niacinamide/administration & dosage
- Receptor, ErbB-2/immunology
- Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
- Survival Analysis
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitziber Buqué
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Norma Bloy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Maria Perez-Lanzón
- Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris Sud, Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Kristina Iribarren
- Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Juliette Humeau
- Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris Sud, Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Jonathan G Pol
- Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Sarah Levesque
- Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris Sud, Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Laura Mondragon
- Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Takahiro Yamazaki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ai Sato
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fernando Aranda
- Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Sylvère Durand
- Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Alexandre Boissonnas
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses CIMI, Paris, France
| | - Jitka Fucikova
- Sotio, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Immunology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Laura Senovilla
- Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - David Enot
- Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Margerie Kremer
- Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Gautier Stoll
- Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Yang Hu
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chiara Massa
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Silvia C Formenti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Barbara Seliger
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Olivier Elemento
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Radek Spisek
- Sotio, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Immunology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Laurence Zitvogel
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris Sud, Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Villejuif, France
- INSERM U1015, Villejuif, France
- Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer (CICBT) 1428, Villejuif, France
| | - Suzette Delaloge
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Villejuif, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France.
- Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France.
- Suzhou Institute for Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, China.
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Université de Paris, Paris, France.
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90
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Humeau J, Sauvat A, Kepp O, Kroemer G. An unexpected link between immunogenic cell death and inhibition of gene transcription. Oncoimmunology 2020; 9:1792039. [PMID: 32923155 PMCID: PMC7458641 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2020.1792039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Humeau
- Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMR1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Allan Sauvat
- Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMR1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Oliver Kepp
- Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMR1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMR1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Suzhou Institute for Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, China.,Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Karolinska Institutet, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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91
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Kyte JA, Andresen NK, Russnes HG, Fretland SØ, Falk RS, Lingjærde OC, Naume B. ICON: a randomized phase IIb study evaluating immunogenic chemotherapy combined with ipilimumab and nivolumab in patients with metastatic hormone receptor positive breast cancer. J Transl Med 2020; 18:269. [PMID: 32620163 PMCID: PMC7333428 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02421-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors (CPI) targeting PD-1 or CTLA-4 has emerged as an important treatment modality for several cancer forms. In hormone receptor positive breast cancer (HR + BC), this therapeutic approach is largely unexplored. We have started a clinical trial, ICON (CA209-9FN), evaluating CPI combined with selected chemotherapy in patients with metastatic HR + BC. The tumor lymphocyte infiltration is predictive for the effect of chemotherapy in BC. In ICON, we use anthracycline, which are considered as "immunogenic" chemotherapy, and low-dose cyclophosphamide, which has been reported to counter immunosuppressive cells. METHODS ICON is a randomized exploratory phase IIb study evaluating the safety and efficacy of combining nivolumab (nivo; anti-PD-1) and ipilimumab (ipi; anti-CTLA-4) with chemotherapy in subjects with metastatic HR + BC. Primary objectives are aassessment of toxicity and progression-free survival. The trial will enrol 75 evaluable subjects, randomized 2:3 into two arms (A:B). Patients in Arm A receive only chemotherapy, i.e. pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD 20 mg/m2 intravenously every 2nd week) + cyclophosphamide (cyclo; 50 mg per day, first 2 weeks in each 4 week cycle). Patients in Arm B receive PLD + cyclo + ipilimumab (1 mg intravenously every 6th week) + nivolumab (240 mg intravenously every 2nd week). Patients in arm A will be offered ipi + nivo after disease progression. DISCUSSION ICON is among the first clinical trials combining chemotherapy with PD-1 and CTLA-4 blockade, and the first in BC. There is a strong preclinical rationale for exploring if anthracyclines, which are considered to induce immunogenic cell death, synergize with CPI, and for combining PD-1 and CTLA-4 blockade, as these checkpoints are important in different phases of the immune response. If the ICON trial suggests acceptable safety and provide a signal of clinical efficacy, further studies are warranted. The cross-over patients from Arm A receiving ipilimumab/nivolumab without concomitant chemotherapy represent the first BC cohort receiving this therapy. The ICON trial includes a series of translational sub-projects addressing clinically important knowledge gaps. These studies may uncover biomarkers or mechanisms of efficacy and resistance, thereby informing the development of novel combinatory regimes and of personalised biomarker-based therapy. Trial registration NCT03409198, Jan 24th 2018; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/record/NCT03409198.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Kyte
- Department of Clinical Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. .,Department of Cancer Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - N K Andresen
- Department of Clinical Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Cancer Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - H G Russnes
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - S Ø Fretland
- Department of Clinical Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - R S Falk
- Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - O C Lingjærde
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - B Naume
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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92
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Kyte JA, Røssevold A, Falk RS, Naume B. ALICE: a randomized placebo-controlled phase II study evaluating atezolizumab combined with immunogenic chemotherapy in patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. J Transl Med 2020; 18:252. [PMID: 32576225 PMCID: PMC7310523 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02424-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors (CI) represents an important novel development in cancer treatment. Metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC) is incurable, with a median survival of only ~ 13 months. We have initiated the randomized placebo-controlled phase IIb study ALICE, evaluating PD-L1 blockade combined with immunogenic chemotherapy in mTNBC patients (n = 75). Intriguingly, the host immune response is strongly predictive for the effect of chemotherapy in mTNBC. In the ALICE trial, we release the brake on the immune response by use of atezolizumab, an inhibitory antibody against PD-L1. We utilize anthracyclines, shown to trigger the immune system, and low-dose cyclophosphamide, which has been reported to counter immunosuppressive cells. METHODS ALICE is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled exploratory phase II study evaluating the safety and efficacy of atezolizumab when combined with immunogenic chemotherapy in subjects with mTNBC. The trial will enroll 75 evaluable subjects, randomized 2:3 into two arms (A:B). The patients receive identical chemotherapy, i.e. pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD 20 mg/m2 intravenously every 2nd week) + cyclophosphamide (50 mg per day, first 2 weeks in each 4 week cycle). Patients in arm A receive placebo, while patients in arm B receive atezolizumab. The primary objectives are assessment of toxicity and progression-free survival. The secondary objectives include overall survival, tumor response rate, clinical benefit rate, patient reported outcomes, biomarkers and assessment of tumor-immune evolution during therapy. DISCUSSION The question of how CI should be combined with chemotherapy, is a key challenge facing the field. There is a strong preclinical rationale for exploring if anthracyclines, which are considered to induce immunogenic cell death, synergize with PD-L1 blockade, and if low-dose cyclophosphamide counters tumor tolerance. However, the data from patients is as yet very limited, and the clinical evaluation of these hypotheses is among the key objectives in the ALICE trial. The study includes extensive biobanking and translational sub-projects, also addressing other clinically important questions. These analyses may uncover mechanisms of drug efficacy or tumor resistance, and identify biomarkers allowing personalized therapy. If the trial suggests acceptable safety of the ALICE therapy and provide a signal of clinical efficacy, further studies are warranted. Trial registration NCT03164993, May 24th 2017; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/record/NCT03164993.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Kyte
- Department of Clinical Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. .,Department of Cancer Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - A Røssevold
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - R S Falk
- Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - B Naume
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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93
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Le Naour J, Galluzzi L, Zitvogel L, Kroemer G, Vacchelli E. Trial watch: IDO inhibitors in cancer therapy. Oncoimmunology 2020; 9:1777625. [PMID: 32934882 PMCID: PMC7466863 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2020.1777625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) catalyzes the first, rate-limiting step of the so-called “kynurenine pathway”, which converts the essential amino acid L-tryptophan (Trp) into the immunosuppressive metabolite L-kynurenine (Kyn). While expressed constitutively by some tissues, IDO1 can also be induced in specific subsets of antigen-presenting cells that ultimately favor the establishment of immune tolerance to tumor antigens. At least in part, the immunomodulatory functions of IDO1 can be explained by depletion of Trp and accumulation of Kyn and its derivatives. In animal tumor models, genetic or pharmacological IDO1 inhibition can cause the (re)activation of anticancer immune responses. Similarly, neoplasms expressing high levels of IDO1 may elude anticancer immunosurveillance. Therefore, IDO1 inhibitors represent promising therapeutic candidates for cancer therapy, and some of them have already entered clinical evaluation. Here, we summarize preclinical and clinical studies testing IDO1-targeting interventions for oncologic indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Le Naour
- Equipe Labellisée Par La Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Université De Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Centre De Recherche Des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Faculty of Medicine Kremlin Bicêtre, Université Paris Sud, Paris Saclay, France
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Université De Paris, Paris, France
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Villejuif, France.,Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer (CICBT) 1428, Villejuif, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe Labellisée Par La Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Université De Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Centre De Recherche Des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer (CICBT) 1428, Villejuif, France.,Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Suzhou Institute for Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, China.,Karolinska Institute, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erika Vacchelli
- Equipe Labellisée Par La Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Université De Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Centre De Recherche Des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
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94
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Wesolowski R, Stiff A, Quiroga D, McQuinn C, Li Z, Nitta H, Savardekar H, Benner B, Ramaswamy B, Lustberg M, Layman RM, Macrae E, Kassem M, Williams N, Sardesai S, VanDeusen J, Stover D, Cherian M, Mace TA, Yu L, Duggan M, Carson WE. Exploratory analysis of immune checkpoint receptor expression by circulating T cells and tumor specimens in patients receiving neo-adjuvant chemotherapy for operable breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:445. [PMID: 32429929 PMCID: PMC7236344 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-06949-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While combinations of immune checkpoint (ICP) inhibitors and neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) have begun testing in patients with breast cancer (BC), the effects of chemotherapy on ICP expression in circulating T cells and within the tumor microenvironment are still unclear. This information could help with the design of future clinical trials by permitting the selection of the most appropriate ICP inhibitors for incorporation into NAC. METHODS Peripheral blood samples and/or tumor specimens before and after NAC were obtained from 24 women with operable BC. The expression of CTLA4, PD-1, Lag3, OX40, and Tim3 on circulating T lymphocytes before and at the end of NAC were measured using flow cytometry. Furthermore, using multi-color immunohistochemistry (IHC), the expression of immune checkpoint molecules by stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), CD8+ T cells, and tumor cells was determined before and after NAC. Differences in the percentage of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells expressing various checkpoint receptors were determined by a paired Student's t-test. RESULTS This analysis showed decreased ICP expression by circulating CD4+ T cells after NAC, including significant decreases in CTLA4, Lag3, OX40, and PD-1 (all p values < 0.01). In comparison, circulating CD8+ T cells showed a significant increase in CTLA4, Lag3, and OX40 (all p values < 0.01). Within tumor samples, TILs, CD8+ T cells, and PD-L1/PD-1 expression decreased after NAC. Additionally, fewer tumor specimens were considered to be PD-L1/PD-1 positive post-NAC as compared to pre-NAC biopsy samples using a cutoff of 1% expression. CONCLUSIONS This work revealed that NAC treatment can substantially downregulate CD4+ and upregulate CD8+ T cell ICP expression as well as deplete the amount of TILs and CD8+ T cells found in breast tumor samples. These findings provide a starting point to study the biological significance of these changes in BC patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT04022616.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Wesolowski
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 410 W 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University, Starling Loving Hall, 320 W10th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
- Division of Medical Oncology, James Cancer Hospital and the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1800 Cannon Drive, 1250 Lincoln Tower, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - Andrew Stiff
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 410 W 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University, Starling Loving Hall, 320 W10th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Dionisia Quiroga
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 410 W 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University, Starling Loving Hall, 320 W10th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Christopher McQuinn
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 410 W 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, 410 W 10th Ave, N911 Doan Hall, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Zaibo Li
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, 410 W 10th Ave, N337B Doan Hall, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Hiroaki Nitta
- Roche Tissue Diagnostics, 1910 E. Innovation Park Drive, Tucson, AZ, 85744, USA
| | - Himanshu Savardekar
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 410 W 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Brooke Benner
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 410 W 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Bhuvaneswari Ramaswamy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University, Starling Loving Hall, 320 W10th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Maryam Lustberg
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University, Starling Loving Hall, 320 W10th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Rachel M Layman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University, Starling Loving Hall, 320 W10th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Erin Macrae
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University, Starling Loving Hall, 320 W10th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Mahmoud Kassem
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 410 W 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Nicole Williams
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University, Starling Loving Hall, 320 W10th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Sagar Sardesai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University, Starling Loving Hall, 320 W10th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Jeffrey VanDeusen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University, Starling Loving Hall, 320 W10th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Daniel Stover
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University, Starling Loving Hall, 320 W10th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Mathew Cherian
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University, Starling Loving Hall, 320 W10th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Thomas A Mace
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 410 W 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Lianbo Yu
- Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, 2012 Kenny Rd, Columbus, OH, 43221, USA
| | - Megan Duggan
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 410 W 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - William E Carson
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 410 W 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, 410 W 10th Ave, N911 Doan Hall, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
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95
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Cassim S, Vučetić M, Ždralević M, Pouyssegur J. Warburg and Beyond: The Power of Mitochondrial Metabolism to Collaborate or Replace Fermentative Glycolysis in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051119. [PMID: 32365833 PMCID: PMC7281550 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A defining hallmark of tumor phenotypes is uncontrolled cell proliferation, while fermentative glycolysis has long been considered as one of the major metabolic pathways that allows energy production and provides intermediates for the anabolic growth of cancer cells. Although such a vision has been crucial for the development of clinical imaging modalities, it has become now evident that in contrast to prior beliefs, mitochondria play a key role in tumorigenesis. Recent findings demonstrated that a full genetic disruption of the Warburg effect of aggressive cancers does not suppress but instead reduces tumor growth. Tumor growth then relies exclusively on functional mitochondria. Besides having fundamental bioenergetic functions, mitochondrial metabolism indeed provides appropriate building blocks for tumor anabolism, controls redox balance, and coordinates cell death. Hence, mitochondria represent promising targets for the development of novel anti-cancer agents. Here, after revisiting the long-standing Warburg effect from a historic and dynamic perspective, we review the role of mitochondria in cancer with particular attention to the cancer cell-intrinsic/extrinsic mechanisms through which mitochondria influence all steps of tumorigenesis, and briefly discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting mitochondrial metabolism for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamir Cassim
- Department of Medical Biology, Centre Scientifique de Monaco, CSM, 98000 Monaco, Monaco;
- Correspondence: (S.C.); (J.P.)
| | - Milica Vučetić
- Department of Medical Biology, Centre Scientifique de Monaco, CSM, 98000 Monaco, Monaco;
| | - Maša Ždralević
- Centre A. Lacassagne, University Côte d’Azur, IRCAN, CNRS, 06189 Nice, France;
| | - Jacques Pouyssegur
- Department of Medical Biology, Centre Scientifique de Monaco, CSM, 98000 Monaco, Monaco;
- Centre A. Lacassagne, University Côte d’Azur, IRCAN, CNRS, 06189 Nice, France;
- Correspondence: (S.C.); (J.P.)
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96
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Baydoun M, Moralès O, Frochot C, Ludovic C, Leroux B, Thecua E, Ziane L, Grabarz A, Kumar A, de Schutter C, Collinet P, Azais H, Mordon S, Delhem N. Photodynamic Therapy Using a New Folate Receptor-Targeted Photosensitizer on Peritoneal Ovarian Cancer Cells Induces the Release of Extracellular Vesicles with Immunoactivating Properties. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9041185. [PMID: 32326210 PMCID: PMC7230754 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9041185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Often discovered at an advanced stage, ovarian cancer progresses to peritoneal carcinoma, which corresponds to the invasion of the serosa by multiple tumor implants. The current treatment is based on the combination of chemotherapy and tumor cytoreduction surgery. Despite the progress and standardization of surgical techniques combined with effective chemotherapy, post-treatment recurrences affect more than 60% of women in remission. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been particularly indicated for the treatment of superficial lesions on large surfaces and appears to be a relevant candidate for the treatment of microscopic intraperitoneal lesions and non-visible lesions. However, the impact of this therapy on immune cells remains unclear. Hence, the objective of this study is to validate the efficacy of a new photosensitizer [pyropheophorbide a-polyethylene glycol-folic acid (PS)] on human ovarian cancer cells and to assess the impact of the secretome of PDT-treated cells on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). We show that PS, upon illumination, can induce cell death of different ovarian tumor cells. Furthermore, PDT using this new PS seems to favor activation of the immune response by inducing the secretion of effective cytokines and inhibiting the pro-inflammatory and immunosuppressive ones, as well as releasing extracellular vesicles (EVs) prone to activating immune cells. Finally, we show that PDT can activate CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, resulting in a potential immunostimulating process. The results of this pilot study therefore indicate that PS-PDT treatment may not only be effective in rapidly and directly destroying target tumor cells but also promote the activation of an effective immune response; notably, by EVs. These data thus open up good prospects for the treatment of micrometastases of intraperitoneal ovarian carcinosis which are currently inoperable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Baydoun
- Université de Lille, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, INSERM, CHU-Lille, U1189-ONCO-THAI–Assisted Laser Therapy and Immunotherapy for Oncology, F-59000 Lille, France; (M.B.); (O.M.); (B.L.); (E.T.); (L.Z.); (A.G.); (A.K.); (C.d.S.); (P.C.); (H.A.)
| | - Olivier Moralès
- Université de Lille, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, INSERM, CHU-Lille, U1189-ONCO-THAI–Assisted Laser Therapy and Immunotherapy for Oncology, F-59000 Lille, France; (M.B.); (O.M.); (B.L.); (E.T.); (L.Z.); (A.G.); (A.K.); (C.d.S.); (P.C.); (H.A.)
- CNRS UMS 3702, Institut de Biologie de Lille, 59 021 Lille, France
| | - Céline Frochot
- LGRGP, UMR-CNRS 7274, University of Lorraine, 54 001 Nancy, France; (C.F.); (C.L.)
| | - Colombeau Ludovic
- LGRGP, UMR-CNRS 7274, University of Lorraine, 54 001 Nancy, France; (C.F.); (C.L.)
| | - Bertrand Leroux
- Université de Lille, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, INSERM, CHU-Lille, U1189-ONCO-THAI–Assisted Laser Therapy and Immunotherapy for Oncology, F-59000 Lille, France; (M.B.); (O.M.); (B.L.); (E.T.); (L.Z.); (A.G.); (A.K.); (C.d.S.); (P.C.); (H.A.)
| | - Elise Thecua
- Université de Lille, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, INSERM, CHU-Lille, U1189-ONCO-THAI–Assisted Laser Therapy and Immunotherapy for Oncology, F-59000 Lille, France; (M.B.); (O.M.); (B.L.); (E.T.); (L.Z.); (A.G.); (A.K.); (C.d.S.); (P.C.); (H.A.)
| | - Laurine Ziane
- Université de Lille, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, INSERM, CHU-Lille, U1189-ONCO-THAI–Assisted Laser Therapy and Immunotherapy for Oncology, F-59000 Lille, France; (M.B.); (O.M.); (B.L.); (E.T.); (L.Z.); (A.G.); (A.K.); (C.d.S.); (P.C.); (H.A.)
| | - Anne Grabarz
- Université de Lille, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, INSERM, CHU-Lille, U1189-ONCO-THAI–Assisted Laser Therapy and Immunotherapy for Oncology, F-59000 Lille, France; (M.B.); (O.M.); (B.L.); (E.T.); (L.Z.); (A.G.); (A.K.); (C.d.S.); (P.C.); (H.A.)
- Unité de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, 59 000 CHU Lille, France
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- Université de Lille, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, INSERM, CHU-Lille, U1189-ONCO-THAI–Assisted Laser Therapy and Immunotherapy for Oncology, F-59000 Lille, France; (M.B.); (O.M.); (B.L.); (E.T.); (L.Z.); (A.G.); (A.K.); (C.d.S.); (P.C.); (H.A.)
| | - Clémentine de Schutter
- Université de Lille, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, INSERM, CHU-Lille, U1189-ONCO-THAI–Assisted Laser Therapy and Immunotherapy for Oncology, F-59000 Lille, France; (M.B.); (O.M.); (B.L.); (E.T.); (L.Z.); (A.G.); (A.K.); (C.d.S.); (P.C.); (H.A.)
| | - Pierre Collinet
- Université de Lille, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, INSERM, CHU-Lille, U1189-ONCO-THAI–Assisted Laser Therapy and Immunotherapy for Oncology, F-59000 Lille, France; (M.B.); (O.M.); (B.L.); (E.T.); (L.Z.); (A.G.); (A.K.); (C.d.S.); (P.C.); (H.A.)
- Unité de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, 59 000 CHU Lille, France
| | - Henri Azais
- Université de Lille, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, INSERM, CHU-Lille, U1189-ONCO-THAI–Assisted Laser Therapy and Immunotherapy for Oncology, F-59000 Lille, France; (M.B.); (O.M.); (B.L.); (E.T.); (L.Z.); (A.G.); (A.K.); (C.d.S.); (P.C.); (H.A.)
- Service de Chirurgie et Cancérologie Gynécologique et Mammaire, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, 75 013 Paris, France
| | - Serge Mordon
- Université de Lille, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, INSERM, CHU-Lille, U1189-ONCO-THAI–Assisted Laser Therapy and Immunotherapy for Oncology, F-59000 Lille, France; (M.B.); (O.M.); (B.L.); (E.T.); (L.Z.); (A.G.); (A.K.); (C.d.S.); (P.C.); (H.A.)
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (N.D.); Tel./Fax: +33-32044-6708 (S.M.); Tel.: +33-3208-71253/1251 (N.D.); Fax: +33-32087-1019 (N.D.)
| | - Nadira Delhem
- Université de Lille, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, INSERM, CHU-Lille, U1189-ONCO-THAI–Assisted Laser Therapy and Immunotherapy for Oncology, F-59000 Lille, France; (M.B.); (O.M.); (B.L.); (E.T.); (L.Z.); (A.G.); (A.K.); (C.d.S.); (P.C.); (H.A.)
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (N.D.); Tel./Fax: +33-32044-6708 (S.M.); Tel.: +33-3208-71253/1251 (N.D.); Fax: +33-32087-1019 (N.D.)
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97
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Kim M, Chung YR, Kim HJ, Woo JW, Ahn S, Park SY. Immune microenvironment in ductal carcinoma in situ: a comparison with invasive carcinoma of the breast. Breast Cancer Res 2020; 22:32. [PMID: 32216826 PMCID: PMC7098119 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-020-01267-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The immune microenvironment in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and its significance are not well established. This study was conducted to evaluate the immune microenvironment of DCIS including the composition of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) subsets and PD-L1+ immune cells and to compare it with that of invasive breast cancer. Materials and methods A total of 671 cases including three different disease groups of pure DCIS, DCIS with microinvasion (DCIS-M), and invasive carcinoma were included in this study. CD4+, CD8+, and FOXP3+ TIL subsets and PD-L1+ immune cells were detected with immunohistochemistry using tissue microarrays and were analyzed in relation to clinicopathologic characteristics and different disease groups. Results In pure DCIS, high infiltrations of CD4+, CD8+, and FOXP3+ T cells and the presence of PD-L1+ immune cells were associated with high nuclear grade, comedo-type necrosis, hormone receptor (HR) negativity, and high Ki-67 proliferation index. All immune cell infiltrations were higher in invasive carcinoma than in pure DCIS regardless of the HR status. While CD4+ T cells were more abundant than CD8+ T cells in pure DCIS, CD8+ T cells were dominant in invasive carcinoma, especially in HR-negative tumors. Within individual cases of invasive carcinoma with DCIS component, all immune cell subset infiltration was higher in the invasive component than in the DCIS component; however, CD4+ TIL infiltration did not differ between the two components in HR-negative tumors. Comparing pure DCIS, DCIS-M, and DCIS associated with invasive carcinoma (DCIS-INV), CD4+ TIL infiltration revealed a gradual increase from pure DCIS to DCIS-M and DCIS-INV in the HR-negative group, whereas FOXP3+ TIL infiltration was significantly increased in DCIS-INV than in pure DCIS in the HR-positive group. The high infiltration of FOXP3+ TIL and the presence of PD-L1+ immune cells were associated with tumor recurrence in patients with pure DCIS. Conclusions Our study showed that the immune microenvironment differs significantly not only between DCIS and invasive carcinoma but also between pure DCIS, DCIS-M, and DCIS-INV depending on the HR status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milim Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-ro 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, 13620, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yul Ri Chung
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-ro 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, 13620, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jeong Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-ro 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, 13620, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Won Woo
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-ro 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, 13620, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soomin Ahn
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-ro 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, 13620, Republic of Korea
| | - So Yeon Park
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-ro 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, 13620, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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98
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Cancer immune control needs senescence induction by interferon-dependent cell cycle regulator pathways in tumours. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1335. [PMID: 32165639 PMCID: PMC7067802 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14987-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB)-based or natural cancer immune responses largely eliminate tumours. Yet, they require additional mechanisms to arrest those cancer cells that are not rejected. Cytokine-induced senescence (CIS) can stably arrest cancer cells, suggesting that interferon-dependent induction of senescence-inducing cell cycle regulators is needed to control those cancer cells that escape from killing. Here we report in two different cancers sensitive to T cell-mediated rejection, that deletion of the senescence-inducing cell cycle regulators p16Ink4a/p19Arf (Cdkn2a) or p21Cip1 (Cdkn1a) in the tumour cells abrogates both the natural and the ICB-induced cancer immune control. Also in humans, melanoma metastases that progressed rapidly during ICB have losses of senescence-inducing genes and amplifications of senescence inhibitors. Metastatic cells also resist CIS. Such genetic and functional alterations are infrequent in metastatic melanomas regressing during ICB. Thus, activation of tumour-intrinsic, senescence-inducing cell cycle regulators is required to stably arrest cancer cells that escape from eradication. The growth of cancer cells can be stably arrested by cytokine-induced senescence. Here, the authors show that cancers with defects in senescence-inducing cell cycle regulator pathways are resistant to immune checkpoint blockade.
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99
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Youngblood VM, Nyirenda R, Nyasosela R, Zuze T, Yang Y, Kudowa E, Moses A, Kincaid J, Kajombo C, Kampani C, Chimzimu F, Mulenga M, Chilima C, Ellis GK, Seguin R, Chagomerana M, Maine R, Jordan S, Charles A, Lee C, Gopal S, Tomoka T. Outcomes and prognostic factors for women with breast cancer in Malawi. Cancer Causes Control 2020; 31:393-402. [PMID: 32124187 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-020-01282-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer incidence in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is increasing, and SSA has the highest age-standardized breast cancer mortality rate worldwide. However, high-quality breast cancer data are limited in SSA. MATERIALS AND METHODS We examined breast cancer patient and tumor characteristics among women in Lilongwe, Malawi and evaluated risk factor associations with patient outcomes. We consecutively enrolled 100 women ≥ 18 years with newly diagnosed, pathologically confirmed breast cancer into a prospective longitudinal cohort with systematically assessed demographic data, HIV status, and clinical characteristics. Tumor subtypes were further determined by immunohistochemistry, overall survival (OS) was estimated using Kaplan-Meier methods, and hazards ratios (HR) were calculated by Cox proportional hazard analyses. RESULTS Of the 100 participants, median age was 49 years, 19 were HIV-positive, and 75 presented with late stage (III/IV) disease. HER2-enriched and triple-negative/basal-like subtypes represented 17% and 25% tumors, respectively. One-year OS for the cohort was 74% (95% CI 62-83%). Multivariable analyses revealed mortality was associated with HIV (HR, 5.15; 95% CI 1.58-16.76; p = 0.006), stage IV disease (HR, 8.86; 95% CI 1.07-73.25; p = 0.043), and HER2-enriched (HR, 7.46; 95% CI 1.21-46.07; p = 0.031), and triple-negative subtypes (HR, 7.80; 95% CI 1.39-43.69; p = 0.020). CONCLUSION Late stage presentation, HER2-enriched and triple-negative subtypes, and HIV coinfection were overrepresented in our cohort relative to resource-rich settings and were associated with mortality. These findings highlight robust opportunities for population- and patient-level interventions across the entire cascade of care to improve breast cancer outcomes in low-income countries in SSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria M Youngblood
- UNC-Project Malawi, Private Bag A-104, Lilongwe, Malawi.,University of North Carolina At Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
| | | | | | - Takondwa Zuze
- UNC-Project Malawi, Private Bag A-104, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - Yi Yang
- Aventura Hospital, Aventura, USA
| | | | | | - Jennifer Kincaid
- UNC-Project Malawi, Private Bag A-104, Lilongwe, Malawi.,Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | | | | | - Fred Chimzimu
- UNC-Project Malawi, Private Bag A-104, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | | | | | - Grace K Ellis
- UNC-Project Malawi, Private Bag A-104, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - Ryan Seguin
- UNC-Project Malawi, Private Bag A-104, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - Maganizo Chagomerana
- UNC-Project Malawi, Private Bag A-104, Lilongwe, Malawi.,University of North Carolina At Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Rebecca Maine
- UNC-Project Malawi, Private Bag A-104, Lilongwe, Malawi.,University of North Carolina At Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Sheryl Jordan
- UNC-Project Malawi, Private Bag A-104, Lilongwe, Malawi.,University of North Carolina At Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Anthony Charles
- UNC-Project Malawi, Private Bag A-104, Lilongwe, Malawi.,University of North Carolina At Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Clara Lee
- UNC-Project Malawi, Private Bag A-104, Lilongwe, Malawi.,Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Satish Gopal
- UNC-Project Malawi, Private Bag A-104, Lilongwe, Malawi. .,University of North Carolina At Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA.
| | - Tamiwe Tomoka
- UNC-Project Malawi, Private Bag A-104, Lilongwe, Malawi. .,University of North Carolina At Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA.
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100
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Du W, Chen C, Sun P, Zhang S, Zhang J, Zhang X, Liu Y, Zhang R, Yan C, Fan C, Wu J, Jiang X. Eliciting an immune hot tumor niche with biomimetic drug-based multi-functional nanohybrids augments immune checkpoint blockade-based breast cancer therapy. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:3317-3329. [PMID: 31976511 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr09835f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has emerged as one of the breakthrough approaches for tumor immunotherapy. However, known as an immune "cold" tumor, breast cancer harbors an immunosuppressive tumor niche that compromises ICB-based therapy. Chemoimmunotherapy combines a chemotherapeutic with an immune-modulating agent, representing a promising tactic to combat cancers, while the lack of effectively targeted co-delivery strategy is one of the main obstacles to achieve the synergistic utilization. Herein, self-assembled PEGylated pure drug-based nanohybrids (DNH) were created, which could evoke immunogenic cell death (ICD), aiding ICB-based immunotherapy by controlling the spatiotemporal release of oxaliplatin (OXA) and small molecular inhibitor 1-methyl-d-tryptophan (1-MT). Furthermore, biomimetic functionalization was exploited by nature killer cell membrane camouflaging to target cancerous cells as well as by elicit immune response through inducing M1 macrophage polarization. The drug release profiles of the nanosystem were investigated in the presence of low pH and intracellular reductants. Systemic in vivo bio-behaviors were evaluated via pharmacokinetics and biodistribution. As an "all-in-one" pure drug-based codelivery system, our biomimetic nanoplatform possessed multiple immunomodulation functions, which markedly aided in increasing the frequency of immune responders and generate an immune "hot" breast tumor niche, and eventually allowed to boost breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Du
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, PR China.
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, PR China.
| | - Peng Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Shengchang Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, PR China.
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, PR China.
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, PR China.
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, PR China.
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, PR China.
| | - Chongzheng Yan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, PR China.
| | - Changchun Fan
- Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, the First Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, PR China
| | - Jibiao Wu
- Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xinyi Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, PR China.
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