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Shinde A, Illath K, Gupta P, Shinde P, Lim KT, Nagai M, Santra TS. A Review of Single-Cell Adhesion Force Kinetics and Applications. Cells 2021; 10:577. [PMID: 33808043 PMCID: PMC8000588 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells exert, sense, and respond to the different physical forces through diverse mechanisms and translating them into biochemical signals. The adhesion of cells is crucial in various developmental functions, such as to maintain tissue morphogenesis and homeostasis and activate critical signaling pathways regulating survival, migration, gene expression, and differentiation. More importantly, any mutations of adhesion receptors can lead to developmental disorders and diseases. Thus, it is essential to understand the regulation of cell adhesion during development and its contribution to various conditions with the help of quantitative methods. The techniques involved in offering different functionalities such as surface imaging to detect forces present at the cell-matrix and deliver quantitative parameters will help characterize the changes for various diseases. Here, we have briefly reviewed single-cell mechanical properties for mechanotransduction studies using standard and recently developed techniques. This is used to functionalize from the measurement of cellular deformability to the quantification of the interaction forces generated by a cell and exerted on its surroundings at single-cell with attachment and detachment events. The adhesive force measurement for single-cell microorganisms and single-molecules is emphasized as well. This focused review should be useful in laying out experiments which would bring the method to a broader range of research in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwini Shinde
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India; (A.S.); (K.I.); (P.G.); (P.S.)
| | - Kavitha Illath
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India; (A.S.); (K.I.); (P.G.); (P.S.)
| | - Pallavi Gupta
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India; (A.S.); (K.I.); (P.G.); (P.S.)
| | - Pallavi Shinde
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India; (A.S.); (K.I.); (P.G.); (P.S.)
| | - Ki-Taek Lim
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-Si, Gangwon-Do 24341, Korea;
| | - Moeto Nagai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580, Japan;
| | - Tuhin Subhra Santra
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India; (A.S.); (K.I.); (P.G.); (P.S.)
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Maynard S, Gelmi A, Skaalure SC, Pence IJ, Lee-Reeves C, Sero JE, Whittaker TE, Stevens MM. Nanoscale Molecular Quantification of Stem Cell-Hydrogel Interactions. ACS NANO 2020; 14:17321-17332. [PMID: 33215498 PMCID: PMC7760213 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c07428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
A common approach to tailoring synthetic hydrogels for regenerative medicine applications involves incorporating RGD cell adhesion peptides, yet assessing the cellular response to engineered microenvironments at the nanoscale remains challenging. To date, no study has demonstrated how RGD concentration in hydrogels affects the presentation of individual cell surface receptors. Here we studied the interaction between human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and RGD-functionalized poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels, by correlating macro- and nanoscale single-cell interfacial quantification techniques. We quantified RGD unbinding forces on a synthetic hydrogel using single cell atomic force spectroscopy, revealing that short-term binding of hMSCs was sensitive to RGD concentration. We also performed direct stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (dSTORM) to quantify the molecular interactions between integrin α5β1 and a biomaterial, unexpectedly revealing that increased integrin clustering at the hydrogel-cell interface correlated with fewer available RGD binding sites. Our complementary, quantitative approach uncovered mechanistic insights into specific stem cell-hydrogel interactions, where dSTORM provides nanoscale sensitivity to RGD-dependent differences in cell surface localization of integrin α5β1. Our findings reveal that it is possible to precisely determine how peptide-functionalized hydrogels interact with cells at the molecular scale, thus providing a basis to fine-tune the spatial presentation of bioactive ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stacey C. Skaalure
- Department of Materials,
Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Isaac J. Pence
- Department of Materials,
Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte Lee-Reeves
- Department of Materials,
Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | | | - Thomas E. Whittaker
- Department of Materials,
Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Molly M. Stevens
- Department of Materials,
Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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Godbout E, Son DO, Hume S, Boo S, Sarrazy V, Clément S, Kapus A, Wehrle-Haller B, Bruckner-Tuderman L, Has C, Hinz B. Kindlin-2 Mediates Mechanical Activation of Cardiac Myofibroblasts. Cells 2020; 9:cells9122702. [PMID: 33348602 PMCID: PMC7766948 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We identify the focal adhesion protein kindlin-2 as player in a novel mechanotransduction pathway that controls profibrotic cardiac fibroblast to myofibroblast activation. Kindlin-2 is co-upregulated with the myofibroblast marker α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in fibrotic rat hearts and in human cardiac fibroblasts exposed to fibrosis-stiff culture substrates and pro-fibrotic TGF-β1. Stressing fibroblasts using ferromagnetic microbeads, stretchable silicone membranes, and cell contraction agonists all result in kindlin-2 translocation to the nucleus. Overexpression of full-length kindlin-2 but not of kindlin-2 missing a putative nuclear localization sequence (∆NLS kindlin-2) results in increased α-SMA promoter activity. Downregulating kindlin-2 with siRNA leads to decreased myofibroblast contraction and reduced α-SMA expression, which is dependent on CC(A/T)-rich GG(CArG) box elements in the α-SMA promoter. Lost myofibroblast features under kindlin-2 knockdown are rescued with wild-type but not ∆NLS kindlin-2, indicating that myofibroblast control by kindlin-2 requires its nuclear translocation. Because kindlin-2 can act as a mechanotransducer regulating the transcription of α-SMA, it is a potential target to interfere with myofibroblast activation in tissue fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Godbout
- Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1G6, Canada; (E.G.); (D.O.S.); (S.H.); (S.B.); (V.S.)
| | - Dong Ok Son
- Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1G6, Canada; (E.G.); (D.O.S.); (S.H.); (S.B.); (V.S.)
| | - Stephanie Hume
- Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1G6, Canada; (E.G.); (D.O.S.); (S.H.); (S.B.); (V.S.)
| | - Stellar Boo
- Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1G6, Canada; (E.G.); (D.O.S.); (S.H.); (S.B.); (V.S.)
| | - Vincent Sarrazy
- Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1G6, Canada; (E.G.); (D.O.S.); (S.H.); (S.B.); (V.S.)
| | - Sophie Clément
- Division of Clinical Pathology, University Hospital, University of Geneva School of Medicine, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland;
| | - Andras Kapus
- Keenan Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada;
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
| | - Bernhard Wehrle-Haller
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Centre Médical Universitaire, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland;
| | - Leena Bruckner-Tuderman
- Medical Center and Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (L.B.-T.); (C.H.)
| | - Cristina Has
- Medical Center and Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (L.B.-T.); (C.H.)
| | - Boris Hinz
- Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1G6, Canada; (E.G.); (D.O.S.); (S.H.); (S.B.); (V.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-416-978-8728
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Mathelié-Guinlet M, Viela F, Alfeo MJ, Pietrocola G, Speziale P, Dufrêne YF. Single-Molecule Analysis Demonstrates Stress-Enhanced Binding between Staphylococcus aureus Surface Protein IsdB and Host Cell Integrins. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:8919-8925. [PMID: 33237786 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c04015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Binding of Staphylococcus aureus surface proteins to endothelial cell integrins plays essential roles in host cell adhesion and invasion, eventually leading to life-threatening diseases. The staphylococcal protein IsdB binds to β3-containing integrins through a mechanism that has never been thoroughly investigated. Here, we identify and characterize at the nanoscale a previously undescribed stress-dependent adhesion between IsdB and integrin αVβ3. The strength of single IsdB-αVβ3 interactions is moderate (∼100 pN) under low stress, but it increases dramatically under high stress (∼1000-2000 pN) to exceed the forces traditionally reported for the binding between integrins and Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) sequences. We suggest a mechanism where high mechanical stress induces conformational changes in the integrin from a low-affinity, weak binding state to a high-affinity, strong binding state. This single-molecule study highlights that direct adhesin-integrin interactions represent potential targets to fight staphylococcal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Mathelié-Guinlet
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UCLouvain, Croix du Sud, 4-5, bte L7.07.07, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Felipe Viela
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UCLouvain, Croix du Sud, 4-5, bte L7.07.07, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Mariangela Jessica Alfeo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Unit of Biochemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 3/b, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Giampiero Pietrocola
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Unit of Biochemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 3/b, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Pietro Speziale
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Unit of Biochemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 3/b, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Yves F Dufrêne
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UCLouvain, Croix du Sud, 4-5, bte L7.07.07, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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55
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Benito-Jardón M, Strohmeyer N, Ortega-Sanchís S, Bharadwaj M, Moser M, Müller DJ, Fässler R, Costell M. αv-Class integrin binding to fibronectin is solely mediated by RGD and unaffected by an RGE mutation. J Cell Biol 2020; 219:e202004198. [PMID: 33141174 PMCID: PMC7644020 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202004198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibronectin (FN) is an essential glycoprotein of the extracellular matrix; binds integrins, syndecans, collagens, and growth factors; and is assembled by cells into complex fibrillar networks. The RGD motif in FN facilitates cell binding- and fibrillogenesis through binding to α5β1 and αv-class integrins. However, whether RGD is the sole binding site for αv-class integrins is unclear. Most notably, substituting aspartate with glutamate (RGE) was shown to eliminate integrin binding in vitro, while mouse genetics revealed that FNRGE preserves αv-class integrin binding and fibrillogenesis. To address this conflict, we employed single-cell force spectroscopy, engineered cells, and RGD motif-deficient mice (Fn1ΔRGD/ΔRGD) to search for additional αv-class integrin-binding sites. Our results demonstrate that α5β1 and αv-class integrins solely recognize the FN-RGD motif and that αv-class, but not α5β1, integrins retain FN-RGE binding. Furthermore, Fn1ΔRGD/ΔRGD tissues and cells assemble abnormal and dysfunctional FNΔRGD fibrils in a syndecan-dependent manner. Our data highlight the central role of FN-RGD and the functionality of FN-RGE for αv-class integrins.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Benito-Jardón
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
- Institut Universitari de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Nico Strohmeyer
- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sheila Ortega-Sanchís
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
- Institut Universitari de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
| | | | - Markus Moser
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | | | | | - Mercedes Costell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
- Institut Universitari de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
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56
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Henning Stumpf B, Ambriović-Ristov A, Radenovic A, Smith AS. Recent Advances and Prospects in the Research of Nascent Adhesions. Front Physiol 2020; 11:574371. [PMID: 33343382 PMCID: PMC7746844 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.574371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nascent adhesions are submicron transient structures promoting the early adhesion of cells to the extracellular matrix. Nascent adhesions typically consist of several tens of integrins, and serve as platforms for the recruitment and activation of proteins to build mature focal adhesions. They are also associated with early stage signaling and the mechanoresponse. Despite their crucial role in sampling the local extracellular matrix, very little is known about the mechanism of their formation. Consequently, there is a strong scientific activity focused on elucidating the physical and biochemical foundation of their development and function. Precisely the results of this effort will be summarized in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Henning Stumpf
- PULS Group, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Interdisciplinary Center for Nanostructured Films, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreja Ambriović-Ristov
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Signalling, Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Aleksandra Radenovic
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Biology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ana-Sunčana Smith
- PULS Group, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Interdisciplinary Center for Nanostructured Films, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Group for Computational Life Sciences, Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
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Sani S, Messe M, Fuchs Q, Pierrevelcin M, Laquerriere P, Entz-Werle N, Reita D, Etienne-Selloum N, Bruban V, Choulier L, Martin S, Dontenwill M. Biological Relevance of RGD-Integrin Subtype-Specific Ligands in Cancer. Chembiochem 2020; 22:1151-1160. [PMID: 33140906 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Integrins are heterodimeric transmembrane proteins able to connect cells with the micro-environment. They represent a family of receptors involved in almost all the hallmarks of cancer. Integrins recognizing the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptide in their natural extracellular matrix ligands have been particularly investigated as tumoral therapeutic targets. In the last 30 years, intense research has been dedicated to designing specific RGD-like ligands able to discriminate selectively the different RGD-recognizing integrins. Chemists' efforts have led to the proposition of modified peptide or peptidomimetic libraries to be used for tumor targeting and/or tumor imaging. Here we review, from the biological point of view, the rationale underlying the need to clearly delineate each RGD-integrin subtype by selective tools. We describe the complex roles of RGD-integrins (mainly the most studied αvβ3 and α5β1 integrins) in tumors, the steps towards selective ligands and the current usefulness of such ligands. Although the impact of integrins in cancer is well acknowledged, the biological characteristics of each integrin subtype in a specific tumor are far from being completely resolved. Selective ligands might help us to reconsider integrins as therapeutic targets in specific clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saidu Sani
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies (LBP), UMR CNRS 7021, Institut Thématique Interdisciplinaire InnoVec, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du, Rhin, CS 60024, 67401, Illkirch Cedex, France
- Cancer and Diabetic Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Federal University Ndufu-Alike Ikwo, P.M.B, 1010, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Mélissa Messe
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies (LBP), UMR CNRS 7021, Institut Thématique Interdisciplinaire InnoVec, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du, Rhin, CS 60024, 67401, Illkirch Cedex, France
- Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), UMR CNRS 7178, Université de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Quentin Fuchs
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies (LBP), UMR CNRS 7021, Institut Thématique Interdisciplinaire InnoVec, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du, Rhin, CS 60024, 67401, Illkirch Cedex, France
| | - Marina Pierrevelcin
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies (LBP), UMR CNRS 7021, Institut Thématique Interdisciplinaire InnoVec, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du, Rhin, CS 60024, 67401, Illkirch Cedex, France
| | - Patrice Laquerriere
- Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), UMR CNRS 7178, Université de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Natacha Entz-Werle
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies (LBP), UMR CNRS 7021, Institut Thématique Interdisciplinaire InnoVec, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du, Rhin, CS 60024, 67401, Illkirch Cedex, France
- Pediatric Onco-Hematology Department, Pediatrics, University Hospital of Strasbourg, 1 avenue Molière, 67098, Strasbourg, France
| | - Damien Reita
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies (LBP), UMR CNRS 7021, Institut Thématique Interdisciplinaire InnoVec, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du, Rhin, CS 60024, 67401, Illkirch Cedex, France
- Department of Oncobiology, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Hospital of Strasbourg, France
| | - Nelly Etienne-Selloum
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies (LBP), UMR CNRS 7021, Institut Thématique Interdisciplinaire InnoVec, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du, Rhin, CS 60024, 67401, Illkirch Cedex, France
- Institut du Cancer Strasbourg Europe (ICANS), Service de Pharmacie, 17 rue Albert Calmette, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - Véronique Bruban
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies (LBP), UMR CNRS 7021, Institut Thématique Interdisciplinaire InnoVec, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du, Rhin, CS 60024, 67401, Illkirch Cedex, France
| | - Laurence Choulier
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies (LBP), UMR CNRS 7021, Institut Thématique Interdisciplinaire InnoVec, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du, Rhin, CS 60024, 67401, Illkirch Cedex, France
| | - Sophie Martin
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies (LBP), UMR CNRS 7021, Institut Thématique Interdisciplinaire InnoVec, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du, Rhin, CS 60024, 67401, Illkirch Cedex, France
| | - Monique Dontenwill
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies (LBP), UMR CNRS 7021, Institut Thématique Interdisciplinaire InnoVec, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du, Rhin, CS 60024, 67401, Illkirch Cedex, France
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Saffioti NA, Cavalcanti-Adam EA, Pallarola D. Biosensors for Studies on Adhesion-Mediated Cellular Responses to Their Microenvironment. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:597950. [PMID: 33262979 PMCID: PMC7685988 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.597950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells interact with their microenvironment by constantly sensing mechanical and chemical cues converting them into biochemical signals. These processes allow cells to respond and adapt to changes in their environment, and are crucial for most cellular functions. Understanding the mechanism underlying this complex interplay at the cell-matrix interface is of fundamental value to decipher key biochemical and mechanical factors regulating cell fate. The combination of material science and surface chemistry aided in the creation of controllable environments to study cell mechanosensing and mechanotransduction. Biologically inspired materials tailored with specific bioactive molecules, desired physical properties and tunable topography have emerged as suitable tools to study cell behavior. Among these materials, synthetic cell interfaces with built-in sensing capabilities are highly advantageous to measure biophysical and biochemical interaction between cells and their environment. In this review, we discuss the design of micro and nanostructured biomaterials engineered not only to mimic the structure, properties, and function of the cellular microenvironment, but also to obtain quantitative information on how cells sense and probe specific adhesive cues from the extracellular domain. This type of responsive biointerfaces provides a readout of mechanics, biochemistry, and electrical activity in real time allowing observation of cellular processes with molecular specificity. Specifically designed sensors based on advanced optical and electrochemical readout are discussed. We further provide an insight into the emerging role of multifunctional micro and nanosensors to control and monitor cell functions by means of material design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Andrés Saffioti
- Instituto de Nanosistemas, Universidad Nacional de General San Martín, San Martín, Argentina
| | | | - Diego Pallarola
- Instituto de Nanosistemas, Universidad Nacional de General San Martín, San Martín, Argentina
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Kyriakopoulou K, Riti E, Piperigkou Z, Koutroumanou Sarri K, Bassiony H, Franchi M, Karamanos NK. ΕGFR/ERβ-Mediated Cell Morphology and Invasion Capacity Are Associated with Matrix Culture Substrates in Breast Cancer. Cells 2020; 9:E2256. [PMID: 33050027 PMCID: PMC7601637 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer accounts for almost one in four cancer diagnoses in women. Studies in breast cancer patients have identified several molecular markers, indicators of aggressiveness, which help toward more individual therapeutic approaches. In triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) overexpression is associated with increased metastatic potential and worst survival rates. Specifically, abnormal EGFR activation leads to altered matrix metalloproteinases' (MMPs) expression and, hence, extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, resulting in induced migration and invasion. The use of matrix substrates for cell culture gives the opportunity to mimic the natural growth conditions of the cells and their microenvironment, as well as cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of EGFR inhibition, estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) and different matrix substrates [type I collagen and fibronectin (FN)] on the functional properties, expression of MMPs and cell morphology of ERβ-positive TNBC cells and shERβ ones. Our results highlight EGFR as a crucial regulator of the expression and activity levels of MMPs, while ERβ emerges as a mediator of MMP7 and MT1-MMP expression. In addition, the EGFR/ERβ axis impacts the adhesion and invasion potential of breast cancer cells on collagen type I. Images obtained by scanning electron microscope (SEM) from cultures on the different matrix substrates revealed novel observations regarding various structures of breast cancer cells (filopodia, extravesicles, tunneling nanotubes, etc.). Moreover, the significant contribution of EGFR and ERβ in the morphological characteristics of these cells is also demonstrated, hence highlighting the possibility of dual pharmacological targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Kyriakopoulou
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (K.K.); (E.R.); (Z.P.); (K.K.S.)
| | - Eirini Riti
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (K.K.); (E.R.); (Z.P.); (K.K.S.)
| | - Zoi Piperigkou
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (K.K.); (E.R.); (Z.P.); (K.K.S.)
| | - Konstantina Koutroumanou Sarri
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (K.K.); (E.R.); (Z.P.); (K.K.S.)
| | - Heba Bassiony
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo 11865, Egypt;
| | - Marco Franchi
- Department for Life Quality Study, University of Bologna, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Nikos K. Karamanos
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (K.K.); (E.R.); (Z.P.); (K.K.S.)
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Zhang Y, Lin Z, Fang Y, Wu J. Prediction of Catch-Slip Bond Transition of Kindlin2/β3 Integrin via Steered Molecular Dynamics Simulation. J Chem Inf Model 2020; 60:5132-5141. [PMID: 32877187 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.0c00837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Kindlin2 is believed to be crucial in integrin activation, which mediates the cell-extracellular matrix adhesion and signaling, but the mechanoregulation of the interaction between Kindlin2 and integrin remains unclear. Here, we performed the so-called "ramp-clamp" steered molecular dynamics simulation on the crystal structure of Kindlin2 bound with β3 integrin. The results showed that the complex had a better mechanical strength for its rupture force of about 200 pN under pulling with the velocity of 1 Å/ns, and was mechanostable for its conformational conservation under constant tensile force (≤60 pN). The catch-slip bond transition with a force threshold of 20 pN was demonstrated by the dissociation probability, the interaction energy, the interface H-bond number, and the force-induced allostery of the complex. This study might provide a novel insight into force-dependent Kindlin2/integrin-related signaling and its structural basis in cellular processes as well as a rational SMD-based computer strategy for predicting the structure-function relationship of the stretched complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Institute of Biomechanics, School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhanyi Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ying Fang
- Institute of Biomechanics, School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jianhua Wu
- Institute of Biomechanics, School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Liu Q, Zheng S, Ye K, He J, Shen Y, Cui S, Huang J, Gu Y, Ding J. Cell migration regulated by RGD nanospacing and enhanced under moderate cell adhesion on biomaterials. Biomaterials 2020; 263:120327. [PMID: 32927304 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
While nanoscale modification of a biomaterial surface is known to influence various cell behaviors, it is unclear whether there is an optimal nanospacing of a bioactive ligand with respect to cell migration. Herein, we investigated the effects of nanospacing of arginine-glycine-aspartate (RGD) peptide on cell migration and its relation to cell adhesion. To this end, we prepared RGD nanopatterns with varied nanospacings (31-125 nm) against the nonfouling background of poly(ethylene glycol), and employed human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to examine cell behaviors on the nanopatterned surfaces. While HUVECs adhered well on surfaces of RGD nanospacing less than 70 nm and exhibited a monotonic decrease of adhesion with the increase of RGD nanospacing, cell migration exhibited a nonmonotonic change with the ligand nanospacing: the maximum migration velocity was observed around 90 nm of nanospacing, and slow or very slow migration occurred in the cases of small or large RGD nanospacings. Therefore, moderate cell adhesion is beneficial for fast cell migration. Further molecular biology studies revealed that attenuated cell adhesion and activated dynamic actin rearrangement accounted for the promotion of cell migration, and the genes of small G proteins such as Cdc42 were upregulated correspondingly. The present study sheds new light on cell migration and its relation to cell adhesion, and paves a way for designing biomaterials for applications in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China; Navy Special Medical Center, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Shuang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Kai Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Junhao He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Shuquan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Jiale Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yexin Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Jiandong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China; Zhuhai Fudan Innovation Institute, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, China.
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Kim H, Witt H, Oswald TA, Tarantola M. Adhesion of Epithelial Cells to PNIPAm Treated Surfaces for Temperature-Controlled Cell-Sheet Harvesting. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:33516-33529. [PMID: 32631046 PMCID: PMC7467562 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c09166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli responsive polymer coatings are a common motive for designing surfaces for cell biological applications. In the present study, we have characterized temperature dependent adhesive properties of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm) microgel coated surfaces (PMS) using various atomic force microscopy based approaches. We imaged and quantified the material properties of PMS upon a temperature switch using quantitative AFM imaging but also employed single-cell force spectroscopy (SCFS) before and after decreasing the temperature to assess the forces and work of initial adhesion between cells and PMS. We performed a detailed analysis of steps in the force-distance curves. Finally, we applied colloid probe atomic force microscopy (CP-AFM) to analyze the adhesive properties of two major components of the extracellular matrix to PMS under temperature control, namely collagen I and fibronectin. In combination with confocal imaging, we could show that these two ECM components differ in their detachment properties from PNIPAm microgel films upon cell harvesting, and thus gained a deeper understanding of cell-sheet maturation and harvesting process and the involved partial ECM dissolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyejeong Kim
- Max Planck Institute
for Dynamics and Self Organization (MPIDS), Am Fassberg 17, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Hannes Witt
- Max Planck Institute
for Dynamics and Self Organization (MPIDS), Am Fassberg 17, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tabea A. Oswald
- Institute of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marco Tarantola
- Max Planck Institute
for Dynamics and Self Organization (MPIDS), Am Fassberg 17, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Institute for Dynamics of Complex Systems, University of Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund Platz 1, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
- E-mail: . Phone: +49-551-5176-316
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63
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Padhi A, Singh K, Franco-Barraza J, Marston DJ, Cukierman E, Hahn KM, Kapania RK, Nain AS. Force-exerting perpendicular lateral protrusions in fibroblastic cell contraction. Commun Biol 2020; 3:390. [PMID: 32694539 PMCID: PMC7374753 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01117-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aligned extracellular matrix fibers enable fibroblasts to undergo myofibroblastic activation and achieve elongated shapes. Activated fibroblasts are able to contract, perpetuating the alignment of these fibers. This poorly understood feedback process is critical in chronic fibrosis conditions, including cancer. Here, using fiber networks that serve as force sensors, we identify "3D perpendicular lateral protrusions" (3D-PLPs) that evolve from lateral cell extensions named twines. Twines originate from stratification of cyclic-actin waves traversing the cell and swing freely in 3D to engage neighboring fibers. Once engaged, a lamellum forms and extends multiple secondary twines, which fill in to form a sheet-like PLP, in a force-entailing process that transitions focal adhesions to activated (i.e., pathological) 3D-adhesions. The specific morphology of PLPs enables cells to increase contractility and force on parallel fibers. Controlling geometry of extracellular networks confirms that anisotropic fibrous environments support 3D-PLP formation and function, suggesting an explanation for cancer-associated desmoplastic expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abinash Padhi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Karanpreet Singh
- Department of Aerospace and Ocean Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Janusz Franco-Barraza
- Cancer Biology Program, Marvin & Concetta Greenberg Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daniel J Marston
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Edna Cukierman
- Cancer Biology Program, Marvin & Concetta Greenberg Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Klaus M Hahn
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Rakesh K Kapania
- Department of Aerospace and Ocean Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Amrinder S Nain
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
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Chighizola M, Previdi A, Dini T, Piazzoni C, Lenardi C, Milani P, Schulte C, Podestà A. Adhesion force spectroscopy with nanostructured colloidal probes reveals nanotopography-dependent early mechanotransductive interactions at the cell membrane level. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:14708-14723. [PMID: 32618323 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr01991g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Mechanosensing, the ability of cells to perceive and interpret the microenvironmental biophysical cues (such as the nanotopography), impacts strongly cellular behaviour through mechanotransductive processes and signalling. These events are predominantly mediated by integrins, the principal cellular adhesion receptors located at the cell/extracellular matrix (ECM) interface. Because of the typical piconewton force range and nanometre length scale of mechanotransductive interactions, achieving a detailed understanding of the spatiotemporal dynamics occurring at the cell/microenvironment interface is challenging; sophisticated interdisciplinary methodologies are required. Moreover, an accurate control over the nanotopographical features of the microenvironment is essential, in order to systematically investigate and precisely assess the influence of the different nanotopographical motifs on the mechanotransductive process. In this framework, we were able to study and quantify the impact of microenvironmental nanotopography on early cellular adhesion events by means of adhesion force spectroscopy based on innovative colloidal probes mimicking the nanotopography of natural ECMs. These probes provided the opportunity to detect nanotopography-specific modulations of the molecular clutch force loading dynamics and integrin clustering at the level of single binding events, in the critical time window of nascent adhesion formation. Following this approach, we found that the nanotopographical features are responsible for an excessive force loading in single adhesion sites after 20-60 s of interaction, causing a drop in the number of adhesion sites. However, by manganese treatment we demonstrated that the availability of activated integrins is a critical regulatory factor for these nanotopography-dependent dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Chighizola
- C.I.Ma.I.Na. and Dipartimento di Fisica "Aldo Pontremoli", Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 16, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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65
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Rahmati M, Silva EA, Reseland JE, A Heyward C, Haugen HJ. Biological responses to physicochemical properties of biomaterial surface. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:5178-5224. [PMID: 32642749 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00103a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Biomedical scientists use chemistry-driven processes found in nature as an inspiration to design biomaterials as promising diagnostic tools, therapeutic solutions, or tissue substitutes. While substantial consideration is devoted to the design and validation of biomaterials, the nature of their interactions with the surrounding biological microenvironment is commonly neglected. This gap of knowledge could be owing to our poor understanding of biochemical signaling pathways, lack of reliable techniques for designing biomaterials with optimal physicochemical properties, and/or poor stability of biomaterial properties after implantation. The success of host responses to biomaterials, known as biocompatibility, depends on chemical principles as the root of both cell signaling pathways in the body and how the biomaterial surface is designed. Most of the current review papers have discussed chemical engineering and biological principles of designing biomaterials as separate topics, which has resulted in neglecting the main role of chemistry in this field. In this review, we discuss biocompatibility in the context of chemistry, what it is and how to assess it, while describing contributions from both biochemical cues and biomaterials as well as the means of harmonizing them. We address both biochemical signal-transduction pathways and engineering principles of designing a biomaterial with an emphasis on its surface physicochemistry. As we aim to show the role of chemistry in the crosstalk between the surface physicochemical properties and body responses, we concisely highlight the main biochemical signal-transduction pathways involved in the biocompatibility complex. Finally, we discuss the progress and challenges associated with the current strategies used for improving the chemical and physical interactions between cells and biomaterial surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Rahmati
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway. h.j.haugen.odont.uio.no
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66
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Wysotzki P, Sancho A, Gimsa J, Groll J. A comparative analysis of detachment forces and energies in initial and mature cell-material interaction. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 190:110894. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.110894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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67
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Reciprocal integrin/integrin antagonism through kindlin-2 and Rho GTPases regulates cell cohesion and collective migration. Matrix Biol 2020; 93:60-78. [PMID: 32450218 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2020.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Collective cell behaviour during embryogenesis and tissue repair requires the coordination of intercellular junctions, cytoskeleton-dependent shape changes controlled by Rho GTPases, and integrin-dependent cell-matrix adhesion. Many different integrins are simultaneously expressed during wound healing, embryonic development, and sprouting angiogenesis, suggesting that there is extensive integrin/integrin cross-talk to regulate cell behaviour. Here, we show that fibronectin-binding β1 and β3 integrins do not act synergistically, but rather antagonize each other during collective cell processes in neuro-epithelial cells, placental trophoblasts, and endothelial cells. Reciprocal β1/β3 antagonism controls RhoA activity in a kindlin-2-dependent manner, balancing cell spreading, contractility, and intercellular adhesion. In this way, reciprocal β1/β3 antagonism controls cell cohesion and cellular plasticity to switch between extreme and opposing states, including epithelial versus mesenchymal-like phenotypes and collective versus individual cell migration. We propose that integrin/integrin antagonism is a universal mechanism to effectuate social cellular interactions, important for tissue morphogenesis, endothelial barrier function, trophoblast invasion, and sprouting angiogenesis.
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68
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Cell matrix adhesion in cell migration. Essays Biochem 2020; 63:535-551. [PMID: 31444228 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20190012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The ability of cells to migrate is a fundamental physiological process involved in embryonic development, tissue homeostasis, immune surveillance and wound healing. In order for cells to migrate, they must interact with their environment using adhesion receptors, such as integrins, and form specialized adhesion complexes that mediate responses to different extracellular cues. In this review, we discuss the role of integrin adhesion complexes (IACs) in cell migration, highlighting the layers of regulation that are involved, including intracellular signalling cascades, mechanosensing and reciprocal feedback to the extracellular environment. We also discuss the role of IACs in extracellular matrix remodeling and how they impact upon cell migration.
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69
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Amar K, Suni II, Chowdhury F. A quartz crystal microbalance based study reveals living cell loading rate via αvβ3 integrins. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 524:1051-1056. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.01.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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70
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Michael M, Parsons M. New perspectives on integrin-dependent adhesions. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2020; 63:31-37. [PMID: 31945690 PMCID: PMC7262580 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2019.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Integrins are heterodimeric transmembrane receptors that connect the extracellular matrix environment to the actin cytoskeleton via adaptor molecules through assembly of a range of adhesion structures. Recent advances in biochemical, imaging and biophysical methods have enabled a deeper understanding of integrin signalling and their associated regulatory processes. The identification of the consensus integrin-based 'adhesomes' within the last 5 years has defined common core components of adhesion complexes and associated partners. These approaches have also uncovered unexpected adhesion protein behaviour and molecules recruited to adhesion sites that have expanded our understanding of the molecular and physical control of integrin signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalene Michael
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, New Hunts House, Guys Cam, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Maddy Parsons
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, New Hunts House, Guys Cam, London, SE1 1UL, UK.
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71
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Molecular interactions and forces of adhesion between single human neural stem cells and gelatin methacrylate hydrogels of varying stiffness. Acta Biomater 2020; 106:156-169. [PMID: 32084598 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Single Cell Force Spectroscopy was applied to measure the single cell de-adhesion between human neural stem cells (hNSC) and gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) hydrogel with varying modulus in the range equivalent to brain tissue. The cell de-adhesion force and energy were predominately generated via unbinding of complexes formed between RGD groups of the GelMA and cell surface integrin receptors and the de-adhesion force/energy were found to increase with decreasing modulus of the GelMA hydrogel. For the softer GelMA hydrogels (160 Pa and 450 Pa) it was proposed that a lower degree of cross-linking enables a greater number of polymer chains to bind and freely extend to increase the force and energy of the hNSC-GelMA de-adhesion. In this case, the multiple polymer chains are believed to act together in parallel like 'molecular tensors' to generate tensile forces on the bound receptors until the cell detaches. Counterintuitively for softer substrates, this type of interaction gave rise to higher force loading rates, including the appearance of high and low dynamic force regimes in de-adhesion rupture force versus loading rate analysis. For the stiffer GelMA hydrogel (900 Pa) it was observed that the extension and elastic restoring forces of the polymer chains contributed less to the cell de-adhesion. Due to the apparent lower extent of freely interacting chains on the stiffer GelMA hydrogel the intrinsic RGD groups are presumed to be "more fixed" to the substrate. Hence, the cell de-adhesion is suggested to be mainly governed by the discrete unbinding of integrin-RGD complexes as opposed to elastic restoring forces of polymer chains, leading to smaller piconewton rupture forces and only a single lower dynamic force regime. Intriguingly, when integrin antibodies were introduced for binding integrin α5β1, β1- and αv-subunits it was revealed that the cell modifies the de-adhesion force depending on the substrate stiffness. The antibody binding supressed the de-adhesion on the softer GelMA hydrogel while on the stiffer GelMA hydrogel caused an opposing reinforcement in the de-adhesion. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Conceptual models on cell mechanosensing have provided molecular-level insight to rationalize the effects of substrate stiffness. However most experimental studies evaluate the cell adhesion by analysing the bulk material properties. As such there is a discrepancy in the scale between the bulk properties versus the nano- and micro-scale cell interactions. Furthermore there is a paucity of experimental studies on directly measuring the molecular-level forces of cell-material interactions. Here we apply Single Cell Force Spectroscopy to directly measure the adhesion forces between human neural stem cells and gelatin-methacrylate hydrogel. We elucidate the mechanisms by which single cells bind and physically interact with hydrogels of varying stiffness. The study highlights the use of single cell analysis tools to probe molecular-level interactions at the cell-material interface which is of importance in designing material cues for regulating cell function.
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Gagné D, Benoit YD, Groulx JF, Vachon PH, Beaulieu JF. ILK supports RhoA/ROCK-mediated contractility of human intestinal epithelial crypt cells by inducing the fibrillogenesis of endogenous soluble fibronectin during the spreading process. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2020; 21:14. [PMID: 32183701 PMCID: PMC7079544 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-020-00259-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibronectin (FN) assembly into an insoluble fibrillar matrix is a crucial step in many cell responses to extracellular matrix (ECM) properties, especially with regards to the integrin-related mechanosensitive signaling pathway. We have previously reported that the silencing of expression of integrin-linked kinase (ILK) in human intestinal epithelial crypt (HIEC) cells causes significant reductions in proliferation and spreading through concomitantly acquired impairment of soluble FN deposition. These defects in ILK-depleted cells are rescued by growth on exogenous FN. In the present study we investigated the contribution of ILK in the fibrillogenesis of FN and its relation to integrin-actin axis signaling and organization. RESULTS We show that de novo fibrillogenesis of endogenous soluble FN is ILK-dependent. This function seemingly induces the assembly of an ECM that supports increased cytoskeletal tension and the development of a fully spread contractile cell phenotype. We observed that HIEC cell adhesion to exogenous FN or collagen-I (Col-I) is sufficient to restore fibrillogenesis of endogenous FN in ILK-depleted cells. We also found that optimal engagement of the Ras homolog gene family member A (RhoA) GTPase/Rho-associated kinase (ROCK-1, ROCK-2)/myosin light chain (MLC) pathway, actin ventral stress fiber formation, and integrin adhesion complex (IAC) maturation rely primarily upon the cell's capacity to execute FN fibrillogenesis, independent of any significant ILK input. Lastly, we confirm the integrin α5β1 as the main integrin responsible for FN assembly, although in ILK-depleted cells αV-class integrins expression is needed to allow the rescue of FN fibrillogenesis on exogenous substrate. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that ILK specifically induces the initiation of FN fibrillogenesis during cell spreading, which promotes RhoA/ROCK-dependent cell contractility and maturation of the integrin-actin axis structures. However, the fibrillogenesis process and its downstream effect on RhoA signaling, cell contractility and spreading are ILK-independent in human intestinal epithelial crypt cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Gagné
- Laboratory of Intestinal Physiopathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, and Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H 5N4 Canada
| | - Yannick D. Benoit
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5 Canada
| | - Jean-François Groulx
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, 92093 USA
| | - Pierre H. Vachon
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1H 5N4 Canada
| | - Jean-François Beaulieu
- Laboratory of Intestinal Physiopathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, and Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H 5N4 Canada
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73
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Abstract
Integrins, and integrin-mediated adhesions, have long been recognized to provide the main molecular link attaching cells to the extracellular matrix (ECM) and to serve as bidirectional hubs transmitting signals between cells and their environment. Recent evidence has shown that their combined biochemical and mechanical properties also allow integrins to sense, respond to and interact with ECM of differing properties with exquisite specificity. Here, we review this work first by providing an overview of how integrin function is regulated from both a biochemical and a mechanical perspective, affecting integrin cell-surface availability, binding properties, activation or clustering. Then, we address how this biomechanical regulation allows integrins to respond to different ECM physicochemical properties and signals, such as rigidity, composition and spatial distribution. Finally, we discuss the importance of this sensing for major cell functions by taking cell migration and cancer as examples.
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74
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Wei L, Chen Q, Zheng Y, Nan L, Liao N, Mo S. Potential Role of Integrin α₅β₁/Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) and Actin Cytoskeleton in the Mechanotransduction and Response of Human Gingival Fibroblasts Cultured on a 3-Dimension Lactide-Co-Glycolide (3D PLGA) Scaffold. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e921626. [PMID: 32034900 PMCID: PMC7027369 DOI: 10.12659/msm.921626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The stability of orthodontic treatment is thought to be significantly affected by the compression and retraction of gingival tissues, but the underlying molecular mechanism is not fully elucidated. The objectives of our study were to explore the effects of mechanical force on the ECM-integrin-cytoskeleton linkage response in human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) cultured on 3-dimension (3D) lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) biological scaffold and to further study the mechanotransduction pathways that could be involved. MATERIAL AND METHODS A compressive force of 25 g/m² was applied to the HGFs-PLGA 3D co-cultured model. Rhodamine-phalloidin staining was used to evaluate the filamentous actin (F-actin) cytoskeleton. The expression level of type I collagen (COL-1) and the activation of the integrin alpha₅ß₁/focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling pathway were determined by using real-time PCR and Western blotting analysis. The impacts of the applied force on the expression levels of FAK, phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase (p-FAK), and COL-1 were also measured in cells treated with integrin alpha₅ß₁ inhibitor (Ac-PHSCN-NH 2, ATN-161). RESULTS Mechanical force increased the expression of integrin alpha₅ß₁, FAK (p-FAK), and COL-1 in HGFs, and induced the formation of stress fibers. Blocking integrin alpha₅ß₁ reduced the expression of FAK (p-FAK), while the expression of COL-1 was not fully inhibited. CONCLUSIONS The integrin alpha₅ß₁/FAK signaling pathway and actin cytoskeleton appear to be involved in the mechanotransduction of HGFs. There could be other mechanisms involved in the promotion effect of mechanical force on collagen synthesis in addition to the integrin alpha₅ß₁ pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Wei
- Department of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland).,Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland).,Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland).,Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Qun Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland).,Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland).,Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland).,Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Lan Nan
- Department of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Ni Liao
- Department of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Shuixue Mo
- Department of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
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75
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Spoerri PM, Strohmeyer N, Sun Z, Fässler R, Müller DJ. Protease-activated receptor signalling initiates α 5β 1-integrin-mediated adhesion in non-haematopoietic cells. NATURE MATERIALS 2020; 19:218-226. [PMID: 31959953 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-019-0580-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Haematopoietic cells and platelets employ G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) to sense extracellular information and respond by initiating integrin-mediated adhesion. So far, such processes have not been demonstrated in non-haematopoietic cells. Here, we report that the activation of protease-activated receptors PAR1 and PAR2 induce multiple signalling pathways to establish α5β1-integrin-mediated adhesion. First, PARs signal via Gβγ and PI3K to α5β1-integrins to adopt a talin- and kindlin-dependent high-affinity conformation, which triggers fibronectin binding and initiates cell adhesion. Then, within 60 s, PARs signal via Gα13, Gαi, ROCK and Src to strengthen the α5β1-integrin-mediated adhesion. Furthermore, PAR signalling changes the abundance of numerous proteins in the adhesome assembled by α5β1-integrins, including Gα13, vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 36, and band 4.1-like protein 4B or 5, and accelerates cell adhesion maturation, spreading and migration. The mechanistic insights describe how agonist binding to PAR employs GPCR and integrin-signalling pathways to initiate and regulate adhesion and to guide physiological responses of non-haematopoietic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia M Spoerri
- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nico Strohmeyer
- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Zhiqi Sun
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Molecular Medicine, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Reinhard Fässler
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Molecular Medicine, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Daniel J Müller
- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Basel, Switzerland.
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76
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Sztilkovics M, Gerecsei T, Peter B, Saftics A, Kurunczi S, Szekacs I, Szabo B, Horvath R. Single-cell adhesion force kinetics of cell populations from combined label-free optical biosensor and robotic fluidic force microscopy. Sci Rep 2020; 10:61. [PMID: 31919421 PMCID: PMC6952389 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56898-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-cell adhesion force plays a crucial role in biological sciences, however its in-depth investigation is hindered by the extremely low throughput and the lack of temporal resolution of present techniques. While atomic force microcopy (AFM) based methods are capable of directly measuring the detachment force values between individual cells and a substrate, their throughput is limited to few cells per day, and cannot provide the kinetic evaluation of the adhesion force over the timescale of several hours. In this study a high spatial and temporal resolution resonant waveguide grating based label-free optical biosensor was combined with robotic fluidic force microscopy to monitor the adhesion of living cancer cells. In contrast to traditional fluidic force microscopy methods with a manipulation range in the order of 300-400 micrometers, the robotic device employed here can address single cells over mm-cm scale areas. This feature significantly increased measurement throughput, and opened the way to combine the technology with the employed microplate-based, large area biosensor. After calibrating the biosensor signals with the direct force measuring technology on 30 individual cells, the kinetic evaluation of the adhesion force and energy of large cell populations was performed for the first time. We concluded that the distribution of the single-cell adhesion force and energy can be fitted by log-normal functions as cells are spreading on the surface and revealed the dynamic changes in these distributions. The present methodology opens the way for the quantitative assessment of the kinetics of single-cell adhesion force and energy with an unprecedented throughput and time resolution, in a completely non-invasive manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Sztilkovics
- Nanobiosensorics Group, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamas Gerecsei
- Nanobiosensorics Group, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Biological Physics, Eötvös University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Beatrix Peter
- Nanobiosensorics Group, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andras Saftics
- Nanobiosensorics Group, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sandor Kurunczi
- Nanobiosensorics Group, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Inna Szekacs
- Nanobiosensorics Group, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balint Szabo
- Department of Biological Physics, Eötvös University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Robert Horvath
- Nanobiosensorics Group, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, Budapest, Hungary.
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77
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Li Z, Liu T, Yang J, Lin J, Xin SX. Characterization of adhesion properties of the cardiomyocyte integrins and extracellular matrix proteins using atomic force microscopy. J Mol Recognit 2019; 33:e2823. [PMID: 31709699 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Integrins are transmembrane adhesion receptors that play important roles in the cardiovascular system by interacting with the extracellular matrix (ECM). However, direct quantitative measurements of the adhesion properties of the integrins on cardiomyocyte (CM) and their ECM ligands are lacking. In this study, we used atomic force microscopy (AFM) to quantify the adhesion force (peak force and mean force) and binding probability between CM integrins and three main heart tissue ECM proteins, ie, collagen (CN), fibronectin (FN), and laminin (LN). Functionalizing the AFM probes with ECM proteins, we found that the peak force (mean force) was 61.69 ± 5.5 pN (76.54 ± 4.0 pN), 39.26 ± 4.4 pN (59.84 ± 3.6 pN), and 108.31 ± 4.2 pN (129.63 ± 6.0 pN), respectively, for the bond of CN-integrin, FN-integrin, and LN-integrin. The binding specificity between CM integrins and ECM proteins was verified by using monoclonal antibodies, where α10 - and α11 -integrin bind to CN, α3 - and α5 -integrin bind to FN, and α3 - and α7 -integrin bind to LN. Furthermore, adhesion properties of CM integrins under physiologically high concentrations of extracellular Ca2+ and Mg2+ were tested. Additional Ca2+ reduced the adhesion mean force to 68.81 ± 4.0 pN, 49.84 ± 3.3 pN, and 119.21 ± 5.8 pN and binding probability to 0.31, 0.34, 0.40 for CN, FN, and LN, respectively, whereas Mg2+ caused very minor changes to adhesion properties of CM integrins. Thus, adhesion properties between adult murine CM integrins and its main ECM proteins were characterized, paving the way for an improved understanding of CM mechanobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zecheng Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianqi Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junxian Yang
- Institute of Biomechanics, School of Biosciences and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiangguo Lin
- Institute of Biomechanics, School of Biosciences and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sherman Xuegang Xin
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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78
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Regulation of cell adhesion: a collaborative effort of integrins, their ligands, cytoplasmic actors, and phosphorylation. Q Rev Biophys 2019; 52:e10. [PMID: 31709962 DOI: 10.1017/s0033583519000088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Integrins are large heterodimeric type 1 membrane proteins expressed in all nucleated mammalian cells. Eighteen α-chains and eight β-chains can combine to form 24 different integrins. They are cell adhesion proteins, which bind to a large variety of cellular and extracellular ligands. Integrins are required for cell migration, hemostasis, translocation of cells out from the blood stream and further movement into tissues, but also for the immune response and tissue morphogenesis. Importantly, integrins are not usually active as such, but need activation to become adhesive. Integrins are activated by outside-in activation through integrin ligand binding, or by inside-out activation through intracellular signaling. An important question is how integrin activity is regulated, and this topic has recently drawn much attention. Changes in integrin affinity for ligand binding are due to allosteric structural alterations, but equally important are avidity changes due to integrin clustering in the plane of the plasma membrane. Recent studies have partially solved how integrin cell surface structures change during activation. The integrin cytoplasmic domains are relatively short, but by interacting with a variety of cytoplasmic proteins in a regulated manner, the integrins acquire a number of properties important not only for cell adhesion and movement, but also for cellular signaling. Recent work has shown that specific integrin phosphorylations play pivotal roles in the regulation of integrin activity. Our purpose in this review is to integrate the present knowledge to enable an understanding of how cell adhesion is dynamically regulated.
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79
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Paddillaya N, Mishra A, Kondaiah P, Pullarkat P, Menon GI, Gundiah N. Biophysics of Cell-Substrate Interactions Under Shear. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:251. [PMID: 31781558 PMCID: PMC6857480 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells adhere to substrates through mechanosensitive focal adhesion complexes. Measurements that probe how cells detach from substrates when they experience an applied force connect molecular-scale aspects of cell adhesion with the biophysical properties of adherent cells. Such forces can be applied through shear devices that flow fluid in a controlled manner across cells. The signaling pathways associated with focal adhesions, in particular those that involve integrins and receptor tyrosine kinases, are complex, receiving mechano-chemical feedback from the sensing of substrate stiffness as well as of external forces. This article reviews the signaling processes involved in mechanosensing and mechanotransduction during cell-substrate interactions, describing the role such signaling plays in cancer metastasis. We examine some recent progress in quantifying the strength of these interactions, describing a novel fluid shear device that allows for the visualization of the cell and its sub-cellular structures under a shear flow. We also summarize related results from a biophysical model for cellular de-adhesion induced by applied forces. Quantifying cell-substrate adhesions under shear should aid in the development of mechano-diagnostic techniques for diseases in which cell-adhesion is mis-regulated, such as cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Paddillaya
- Centre for Biosystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Ashish Mishra
- Soft Condensed Matter Group, Raman Research Institute, Bangalore, India
| | - Paturu Kondaiah
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Pramod Pullarkat
- Soft Condensed Matter Group, Raman Research Institute, Bangalore, India
| | - Gautam I Menon
- The Institute of Mathematical Sciences, Chennai, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India.,Department of Physics, Ashoka University, Sonepat, India
| | - Namrata Gundiah
- Centre for Biosystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
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80
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Viela F, Speziale P, Pietrocola G, Dufrêne YF. Mechanostability of the Fibrinogen Bridge between Staphylococcal Surface Protein ClfA and Endothelial Cell Integrin α Vβ 3. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:7400-7410. [PMID: 31532212 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b03080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Binding of the Staphylococcus aureus surface protein clumping factor A (ClfA) to endothelial cell integrin αVβ3 plays a crucial role during sepsis, by causing endothelial cell apoptosis and loss of barrier integrity. ClfA uses the blood plasma protein fibrinogen (Fg) to bind to αVβ3 but how this is achieved at the molecular level is not known. Here we investigate the mechanical strength of the three-component ClfA-Fg-αVβ3 interaction on living bacteria, by means of single-molecule experiments. We find that the ClfA-Fg-αVβ3 ternary complex is extremely stable, being able to sustain forces (∼800 pN) that are much stronger than those of classical bonds between integrins and the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) tripeptide sequence (∼100 pN). Adhesion forces between single bacteria and αVβ3 are strongly inhibited by an anti-αVβ3 antibody, the RGD peptide, and the cyclic RGD peptide cilengitide, showing that formation of the complex involves RGD-dependent binding sites and can be efficiently inhibited by αVβ3 blockers. Collectively, our experiments favor a binding mechanism involving the extraordinary elasticity of Fg. In the absence of mechanical stress, RGD572-574 sequences in the Aα chains mediate weak binding to αVβ3, whereas under high mechanical stress exposure of cryptic Aα chain RGD95-97 sequences leads to extremely strong binding to the integrin. Our results identify an unexpected and previously undescribed force-dependent binding mechanism between ClfA and αVβ3 on endothelial cells, which could represent a potential target to fight staphylococcal bloodstream infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Viela
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UCLouvain , Croix du Sud, 4-5, bte L7.07.06, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve , Belgium
| | - Pietro Speziale
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Unit of Biochemistry , University of Pavia , Viale Taramelli 3/b , 27100 Pavia , Italy
- Department of Industrial and Information Engineering , University of Pavia , 27100 Pavia , Italy
| | - Giampiero Pietrocola
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Unit of Biochemistry , University of Pavia , Viale Taramelli 3/b , 27100 Pavia , Italy
| | - Yves F Dufrêne
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UCLouvain , Croix du Sud, 4-5, bte L7.07.06, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve , Belgium
- Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO) , 1300 Wavre , Belgium
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81
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Chighizola M, Dini T, Lenardi C, Milani P, Podestà A, Schulte C. Mechanotransduction in neuronal cell development and functioning. Biophys Rev 2019; 11:701-720. [PMID: 31617079 PMCID: PMC6815321 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-019-00587-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Although many details remain still elusive, it became increasingly evident in recent years that mechanosensing of microenvironmental biophysical cues and subsequent mechanotransduction are strongly involved in the regulation of neuronal cell development and functioning. This review gives an overview about the current understanding of brain and neuronal cell mechanobiology and how it impacts on neurogenesis, neuronal migration, differentiation, and maturation. We will focus particularly on the events in the cell/microenvironment interface and the decisive extracellular matrix (ECM) parameters (i.e. rigidity and nanometric spatial organisation of adhesion sites) that modulate integrin adhesion complex-based mechanosensing and mechanotransductive signalling. It will also be outlined how biomaterial approaches mimicking essential ECM features help to understand these processes and how they can be used to control and guide neuronal cell behaviour by providing appropriate biophysical cues. In addition, principal biophysical methods will be highlighted that have been crucial for the study of neuronal mechanobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Chighizola
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces (C.I.Ma.I.Na.) and Department of Physics ``Aldo Pontremoli'', Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 16, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Tania Dini
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces (C.I.Ma.I.Na.) and Department of Physics ``Aldo Pontremoli'', Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 16, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Lenardi
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces (C.I.Ma.I.Na.) and Department of Physics ``Aldo Pontremoli'', Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 16, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Milani
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces (C.I.Ma.I.Na.) and Department of Physics ``Aldo Pontremoli'', Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 16, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Podestà
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces (C.I.Ma.I.Na.) and Department of Physics ``Aldo Pontremoli'', Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 16, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Carsten Schulte
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces (C.I.Ma.I.Na.) and Department of Physics ``Aldo Pontremoli'', Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 16, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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82
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Wan W, Cheng B, Zhang C, Ma Y, Li A, Xu F, Lin M. Synergistic Effect of Matrix Stiffness and Inflammatory Factors on Osteogenic Differentiation of MSC. Biophys J 2019; 117:129-142. [PMID: 31178039 PMCID: PMC6626830 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2019.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in vivo reside in a complex microenvironment. Changes of both biochemical and biophysical cues in the microenvironment caused by inflammation affect the differentiation behaviors of MSCs. Most studies, however, only focus on either biochemical or biophysical cues, although the synergistic effect of matrix stiffness and inflammatory factors on osteogenic differentiation of MSCs has not been explored yet. Here, we showed that there was a matrix stiffness-dependent modulation in the osteogenic differentiation of human MSCs (hMSCs) with higher matrix stiffness favoring osteogenesis bias. However, when interleukin-1 β (IL-1β) was added, the osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs was suppressed, which was independent of increasing matrix stiffness. Both experimental observations and mathematical modeling confirmed that matrix stiffness and IL-1β could activate the ERK1/2 signaling and contribute to osteogenic differentiation. The p38 signaling activated by IL-1β has a strong role in inhibiting osteoblastic differentiation, thus diminishing the vital effect of ERK1/2 signaling. In addition, sensitivity analysis of the model parameters revealed that activation/deactivation dynamics of sensitive factors (e.g., FAK, ERK, and p38) also played a key role in the synergistic effect of matrix stiffness and IL-1β on the osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs. The outcomes of this study provide new insights into the synergistic effect of biochemical and biophysical microenvironments on regulating MSC differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanting Wan
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Bo Cheng
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Yufei Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Ang Li
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology
| | - Feng Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Min Lin
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China.
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83
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Wan Z, Shaheen S, Chau A, Zeng Y, Liu W. Imaging: Gear up for mechano-immunology. Cell Immunol 2019; 350:103926. [PMID: 31151736 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2019.103926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Immune cells including B and T lymphocytes have a remarkable ability to sense the physical perturbations through their surface expressed receptors. At the advent of modern imaging technologies paired with biophysical methods, we have gained the understanding of mechanical forces exerted by immune cells to perform their functions. This review will go over the imaging techniques already being used to study mechanical forces in immune cells. We will also discuss the dire need for new modern technologies for future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengpeng Wan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Samina Shaheen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Alicia Chau
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yingyue Zeng
- School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Wanli Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Beijing 100084, China.
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84
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Chen Y, Li Z, Ju LA. Tensile and compressive force regulation on cell mechanosensing. Biophys Rev 2019; 11:311-318. [PMID: 31073958 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-019-00536-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Receptor-mediated cell mechanosensing plays critical roles in cell spreading, migration, growth, and survival. Dynamic force spectroscopy (DFS) techniques have recently been advanced to visualize such processes, which allow the concurrent examination of molecular binding dynamics and cellular response to mechanical stimuli on single living cells. Notably, the live-cell DFS is able to manipulate the force "waveforms" such as tensile versus compressive, ramped versus clamped, static versus dynamic, and short versus long lasting forces, thereby deriving correlations of cellular responses with ligand binding kinetics and mechanical stimulation profiles. Here, by differentiating extracellular mechanical stimulations into two major categories, tensile force and compressive force, we review the latest findings on receptor-mediated mechanosensing mechanisms that are discovered by the state-of-the-art live-cell DFS technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Chen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, MERU-Roon Research Center on Vascular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Zhiyong Li
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Lining Arnold Ju
- Heart Research Institute, Sydney, Australia. .,School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, Darlington, Australia. .,Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia.
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85
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Effect of monophasic pulsed stimulation on live single cell de-adhesion on conducting polymers with adsorbed fibronectin as revealed by single cell force spectroscopy. Biointerphases 2019; 14:021003. [PMID: 30925841 DOI: 10.1116/1.5082204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The force required to detach a single fibroblast cell in contact with the conducting polymer, polypyrrole doped with dodecylbenzene, was quantified using the Atomic Force Microscope-based technique, Single Cell Force Spectroscopy. The de-adhesion force for a single cell was 0.64 ± 0.03 nN and predominately due to unbinding of α5β1 integrin complexes with surface adsorbed fibronectin, as confirmed by blocking experiments using antibodies. Monophasic pulsed stimulation (50 μs pulse duration) superimposed on either an applied oxidation (+500) or reduction (-500 mV) constant voltage caused a significant decrease in the de-adhesion force by 30%-45% to values ranging from 0.34 to 0.43 nN (±0.02 nN). The electrical stimulation caused a reduction in the molecular-level jump and plateau interactions, while an opposing increase in nonspecific interactions was observed during the cell de-adhesion process. Due to the monophasic pulsed stimulation, there is an apparent change or weakening of the cell membrane properties, which is suggested to play a role in reducing the cell de-adhesion. Based on this study, pulsed stimulation with optimized threshold parameters represents a possible approach to tune cell interactions and adhesion on conducting polymers.
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86
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Bell S, Redmann AL, Terentjev EM. Universal Kinetics of the Onset of Cell Spreading on Substrates of Different Stiffness. Biophys J 2019; 116:551-559. [PMID: 30665696 PMCID: PMC6369430 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2018.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
When plated onto substrates, cell morphology and even stem-cell differentiation are influenced by the stiffness of their environment. Stiffer substrates give strongly spread (eventually polarized) cells with strong focal adhesions and stress fibers; very soft substrates give a less developed cytoskeleton and much lower cell spreading. The kinetics of this process of cell spreading is studied extensively, and important universal relationships are established on how the cell area grows with time. Here, we study the population dynamics of spreading cells, investigating the characteristic processes involved in the cell response to the substrate. We show that unlike the individual cell morphology, this population dynamics does not depend on the substrate stiffness. Instead, a strong activation temperature dependence is observed. Different cell lines on different substrates all have long-time statistics controlled by the thermal activation over a single energy barrier ΔG ≈ 18 kcal/mol, whereas the early-time kinetics follows a power law ∼t5. This implies that the rate of spreading depends on an internal process of adhesion complex assembly and activation; the operational complex must have five component proteins, and the last process in the sequence (which we believe is the activation of focal adhesion kinase) is controlled by the binding energy ΔG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Bell
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Anna-Lena Redmann
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Eugene M Terentjev
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
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87
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Integrin activation by talin, kindlin and mechanical forces. Nat Cell Biol 2019; 21:25-31. [PMID: 30602766 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-018-0234-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 319] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Integrins are the major family of adhesion molecules that mediate cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix. They are essential for embryonic development and influence numerous diseases, including inflammation, cancer cell invasion and metastasis. In this Perspective, we discuss the current understanding of how talin, kindlin and mechanical forces regulate integrin affinity and avidity, and how integrin inactivators function in this framework.
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88
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Diaz C, Neubauer S, Rechenmacher F, Kessler H, Missirlis D. Recruitment of integrin ανβ3 to integrin α5β1-induced clusters enables focal adhesion maturation and cell spreading. J Cell Sci 2019; 133:jcs.232702. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.232702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The major fibronectin (FN) binding integrins α5β1 and αvβ3 exhibit cooperativity during cell adhesion, migration and mechanosensing, through mechanisms that are not yet fully resolved. Exploiting mechanically-tunable, nano-patterned substrates, and peptidomimetic ligands designed to selectively bind corresponding integrins, we report that focal adhesions (FAs) of endothelial cells assembled on integrin α5β1-selective substrates, rapidly recruit αvβ3 integrins, but not vice versa. Blocking of integrin αvβ3 hindered FA maturation and cell spreading on α5β1-selective substrates, indicating a mechanism dependent on extracellular ligand binding and highlighting the requirement of αvβ3 engagement for efficient adhesion. Recruitment of αvβ3 integrins additionally occurred on hydrogel substrates of varying mechanical properties, above a threshold stiffness supporting FA formation. Mechanistic studies revealed the need for soluble factors present in serum to allow recruitment, and excluded exogenous, or endogenous, FN as the responsible ligand for integrin αvβ3 accumulation to adhesion clusters. Our findings highlight a novel mechanism of integrin co-operation and the critical role for αvβ3 integrins in promoting cell adhesion on α5β1-selective substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Diaz
- Department of Cellular Biophysics, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research; postal address: Jahnstr. 29, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry Institute, Heidelberg University; postal address: INF 253, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Neubauer
- Institute for Advanced Study and Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM), Technische Universität München; postal address: Lichtenbergstr. 4, D-85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Florian Rechenmacher
- Institute for Advanced Study and Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM), Technische Universität München; postal address: Lichtenbergstr. 4, D-85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Horst Kessler
- Institute for Advanced Study and Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM), Technische Universität München; postal address: Lichtenbergstr. 4, D-85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Dimitris Missirlis
- Department of Cellular Biophysics, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research; postal address: Jahnstr. 29, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry Institute, Heidelberg University; postal address: INF 253, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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89
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Kanoldt V, Fischer L, Grashoff C. Unforgettable force – crosstalk and memory of mechanosensitive structures. Biol Chem 2018; 400:687-698. [DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2018-0328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The ability of cells to sense and respond to mechanical stimuli is crucial for many developmental and homeostatic processes, while mechanical dysfunction of cells has been associated with numerous pathologies including muscular dystrophies, cardiovascular defects and epithelial disorders. Yet, how cells detect and process mechanical information is still largely unclear. In this review, we outline major mechanisms underlying cellular mechanotransduction and we summarize the current understanding of how cells integrate information from distinct mechanosensitive structures to mediate complex mechanoresponses. We also discuss the concept of mechanical memory and describe how cells store information on previous mechanical events for different periods of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Kanoldt
- Group of Molecular Mechanotransduction , Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry , 82152 Martinsried , Germany
| | - Lisa Fischer
- Group of Molecular Mechanotransduction , Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry , 82152 Martinsried , Germany
| | - Carsten Grashoff
- Group of Molecular Mechanotransduction , Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry , 82152 Martinsried , Germany
- Department of Quantitative Cell Biology , Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, University of Münster , 48149 Münster , Germany
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90
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Lopes D, Martins-Cruz C, Oliveira MB, Mano JF. Bone physiology as inspiration for tissue regenerative therapies. Biomaterials 2018; 185:240-275. [PMID: 30261426 PMCID: PMC6445367 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The development, maintenance of healthy bone and regeneration of injured tissue in the human body comprise a set of intricate and finely coordinated processes. However, an analysis of current bone regeneration strategies shows that only a small fraction of well-reported bone biology aspects has been used as inspiration and transposed into the development of therapeutic products. Specific topics that include inter-scale bone structural organization, developmental aspects of bone morphogenesis, bone repair mechanisms, role of specific cells and heterotypic cell contact in the bone niche (including vascularization networks and immune system cells), cell-cell direct and soluble-mediated contact, extracellular matrix composition (with particular focus on the non-soluble fraction of proteins), as well as mechanical aspects of native bone will be the main reviewed topics. In this Review we suggest a systematic parallelization of (i) fundamental well-established biology of bone, (ii) updated and recent advances on the understanding of biological phenomena occurring in native and injured tissue, and (iii) critical discussion of how those individual aspects have been translated into tissue regeneration strategies using biomaterials and other tissue engineering approaches. We aim at presenting a perspective on unexplored aspects of bone physiology and how they could be translated into innovative regeneration-driven concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Lopes
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago,, 3810 193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Martins-Cruz
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago,, 3810 193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Mariana B Oliveira
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago,, 3810 193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - João F Mano
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago,, 3810 193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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91
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Chen NP, Sun Z, Fässler R. The Kank family proteins in adhesion dynamics. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2018; 54:130-136. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2018.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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92
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Zent J, Guo LW. Signaling Mechanisms of Myofibroblastic Activation: Outside-in and Inside-Out. Cell Physiol Biochem 2018; 49:848-868. [PMID: 30184544 DOI: 10.1159/000493217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Myofibroblasts are central mediators of fibrosis. Typically derived from resident fibroblasts, myofibroblasts represent a heterogeneous population of cells that are principally defined by acquired contractile function and high synthetic ability to produce extracellular matrix (ECM). Current literature sheds new light on the critical role of ECM signaling coupled with mechanotransduction in driving myofibroblastic activation. In particular, transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and extra domain A containing fibronectin (EDA-FN) are thought to be the primary ECM signaling mediators that form and also induce positive feedback loops. The outside-in and inside-out signaling circuits are transmitted and integrated by TGF-β receptors and integrins at the cell membrane, ultimately perpetuating the abundance and activities of TGF-β1 and EDA-FN in the ECM. In this review, we highlight these conceptual advances in understanding myofibroblastic activation, in hope of revealing its therapeutic anti-fibrotic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Zent
- Medical Scientist Training Program, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Lian-Wang Guo
- Department of Surgery, Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Wexner Medical Center, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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93
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Martino F, Perestrelo AR, Vinarský V, Pagliari S, Forte G. Cellular Mechanotransduction: From Tension to Function. Front Physiol 2018; 9:824. [PMID: 30026699 PMCID: PMC6041413 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 531] [Impact Index Per Article: 88.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Living cells are constantly exposed to mechanical stimuli arising from the surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM) or from neighboring cells. The intracellular molecular processes through which such physical cues are transformed into a biological response are collectively dubbed as mechanotransduction and are of fundamental importance to help the cell timely adapt to the continuous dynamic modifications of the microenvironment. Local changes in ECM composition and mechanics are driven by a feed forward interplay between the cell and the matrix itself, with the first depositing ECM proteins that in turn will impact on the surrounding cells. As such, these changes occur regularly during tissue development and are a hallmark of the pathologies of aging. Only lately, though, the importance of mechanical cues in controlling cell function (e.g., proliferation, differentiation, migration) has been acknowledged. Here we provide a critical review of the recent insights into the molecular basis of cellular mechanotransduction, by analyzing how mechanical stimuli get transformed into a given biological response through the activation of a peculiar genetic program. Specifically, by recapitulating the processes involved in the interpretation of ECM remodeling by Focal Adhesions at cell-matrix interphase, we revise the role of cytoskeleton tension as the second messenger of the mechanotransduction process and the action of mechano-responsive shuttling proteins converging on stage and cell-specific transcription factors. Finally, we give few paradigmatic examples highlighting the emerging role of malfunctions in cell mechanosensing apparatus in the onset and progression of pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Martino
- Center for Translational Medicine, International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- Competence Center for Mechanobiology in Regenerative Medicine, INTERREG ATCZ133, Brno, Czechia
| | - Ana R. Perestrelo
- Center for Translational Medicine, International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czechia
| | - Vladimír Vinarský
- Center for Translational Medicine, International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czechia
- Competence Center for Mechanobiology in Regenerative Medicine, INTERREG ATCZ133, Brno, Czechia
| | - Stefania Pagliari
- Center for Translational Medicine, International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czechia
| | - Giancarlo Forte
- Center for Translational Medicine, International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czechia
- Competence Center for Mechanobiology in Regenerative Medicine, INTERREG ATCZ133, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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94
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Basement membrane extract attenuates the more malignant gene expression profile accentuated by fibronectin in prostate cancer cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2018; 451:131-138. [PMID: 29961211 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-018-3399-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) has high mortality rates, with most of the deaths resulting from the development of metastasis. Fibronectin (FN) plays key roles in cell adhesion and affects the migratory behavior of cells. In the tumor microenvironment and also in the blood plasma during metastasis, FN displays increased expression, however its role in prostate cancer remains poorly understood. This study aimed to unveil the specific roles of FN as a soluble component, alone or in combination with a complex basement membrane. To investigate the impact of FN in neoplastic prostate cells, we evaluated the gene expression of LNCaP cells by RT-qPCR after exposure to soluble FN (25 µg/mL) either alone or in combination with a basement membrane. When FN was the predominant matrix element, such as in blood plasma, PCa tumor cells increased their expression of genes related to an invasive behavior and resistance to apoptosis, including CDH2, ITGA5, AKT1, and BCL2. However, the combined presence of FN and a complex basement membrane had the opposite effect on LNCaP cells, in which the expression levels of CDH2, ITGA5, AKT1, and BCL2 were reduced. Hierarchical clustering analysis with LNCaP and RWPE-1 cells showed that LNCaP cells exposed to an enriched extracellular matrix displayed an expression pattern more similar to that shown by RWPE-1 cells, a cell line that illustrates characteristics of the normal prostate epithelium. These findings provide the groundwork for future studies addressing the role of FN in tumor growth, particularly in the context of cancer evolution/progression from a solid primary tumor to a transitory circulating state.
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95
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Nair RV, Farrukh A, del Campo A. A Photoactivatable α5
β1
-Specific Integrin Ligand. Chembiochem 2018; 19:1280-1287. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201800180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Roshna V. Nair
- INM-Leibniz Institute for New Materials; Campus D2 2 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Aleeza Farrukh
- INM-Leibniz Institute for New Materials; Campus D2 2 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Aránzazu del Campo
- INM-Leibniz Institute for New Materials; Campus D2 2 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- Chemistry Department; Saarland University; Campus C4 2 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
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96
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Chowdhury F, Doğanay S, Leslie BJ, Singh R, Amar K, Talluri B, Park S, Wang N, Ha T. Cdc42-dependent modulation of rigidity sensing and cell spreading in tumor repopulating cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 500:557-563. [PMID: 29673588 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.04.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Recently, a robust mechanical method has been established to isolate a small subpopulation of highly tumorigenic tumor repopulating cells (TRCs) from parental melanoma cells. In order to characterize the molecular and mechanical properties of TRCs, we utilized the tension gauge tether (TGT) single-molecule platform and investigated force requirements during early cell spreading events. TRCs required the peak single molecular tension of around 40 pN through integrins for initial adhesion like the parental control cells, but unlike the control cells, they did not spread and formed very few mature focal adhesions (FAs). Single molecule resolution RNA quantification of three Rho GTPases showed that downregulation of Cdc42, but not Rac1, is responsible for the unusual biophysical features of TRCs and that a threshold level of Cdc42 transcripts per unit cell area is required to initiate cell spreading. Cdc42 overexpression rescued TRC spreading through FA formation and restored the sensitivity to tension cues such that TRCs, like parental control cells, increase cell spreading with increasing single-molecular tension cues. Our single molecule studies identified an unusual biophysical feature of suppressed spreading of TRCs that may enable us to distinguish TRC population from a pool of heterogeneous tumor cell population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhan Chowdhury
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Energy Processes, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA.
| | - Sultan Doğanay
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Center for Biophysics and Computational Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Benjamin J Leslie
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Rishi Singh
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Kshitij Amar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Energy Processes, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
| | - Bhavana Talluri
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Energy Processes, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
| | - Seongjin Park
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Taekjip Ha
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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97
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Gauthier NC, Roca-Cusachs P. Mechanosensing at integrin-mediated cell–matrix adhesions: from molecular to integrated mechanisms. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2018; 50:20-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2017.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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98
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Strohmeyer N, Bharadwaj M, Costell M, Fässler R, Müller DJ. Corrigendum: Fibronectin-bound α5β1 integrins sense load and signal to reinforce adhesion in less than a second. NATURE MATERIALS 2017; 17:103. [PMID: 29255228 DOI: 10.1038/nmat5054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/nmat5023.
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99
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Abstract
Single-cell force spectroscopy reveals rapid, biphasic integrin activation and reinforcement of cell-matrix bonds during the initial steps of fibroblast adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China, and the Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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