51
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Ren X, Jiao X, Wang Y, Yao C, Xu X. A sensitive aflatoxin B1 electrochemical aptasensor based on ferrocene-functionalized hollow porous carbon spheres as signal amplifier. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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52
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Xu Y, Wang C, Liu G, Zhao X, Qian Q, Li S, Mi X. Tetrahedral DNA framework based CRISPR electrochemical biosensor for amplification-free miRNA detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 217:114671. [PMID: 36122469 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
microRNA (miRNA) is a kind of small non-coding RNA that has been regarded as potential biomarkers for cancers. Sensitive and specific detection of miRNA at low expression levels is highly desirable but remains challenging, especially for amplification-free and portable point of care (POC) diagnostics. The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas13a has been recently discovered and used in the field of RNA detection. Nonetheless, most CRISPR/Cas13a-based methods were burdened with expensive equipment, time-consuming procedures, and complicated operations which were not suitable for POC analysis. In this work, we constructed a three-dimensional tetrahedral DNA framework based CRISPR-electrochemical biosensor (CRISPR-E). By combining tetrahedral DNA framework, CRISPR, and electrochemical biosensor, the process of activation, cleavage of Cas13a, and signal readout were all finished on the chip, and a simple, amplification-free and sensitive detection of miRNA-19b was realized. Under the optimal experimental conditions, a linear range from 10 pM to 104 pM with detection limit of 10 pM for miRNA-19b in buffer solution was achieved. Selectivity analysis indicated that our CRISPR-E had good distinguishing ability between miRNA-19b and miRNA-197. The results of miRNA-19b detection in mimic serum samples were consistent with that of the buffer solution. This all-on-chip strategy of our CRISPR-E is very suitable for POC testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China; Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China.
| | - Chenguang Wang
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioanalysis and Metrology for State Market Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Qiuling Qian
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shuainai Li
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xianqiang Mi
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China; Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics (CENSE), Shanghai, 200050, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China.
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53
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Ye Q, Zhang Z, Liu J, Wang X. Screen-printed electrode-based biosensors modified with functional nucleic acid probes and their applications in this pandemic age: a review. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:2961-2975. [PMID: 35913361 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay00666a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical methodology has probably been the most used sensing platform in the past few years as they provide superior advantages. In particular, screen-printed electrode (SPE)-based sensing applications stand out as they provide extraordinary miniaturized but robust and user-friendly detection system. In this context, we are focusing on the modification of SPE with functional nucleic acid probes and nanostructures to improve the electrochemical detection performance in versatile sensing applications, particularly in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. Aptamers are immobilized on the electrode surface to detect non-nucleic acid targets and complementary probes to recognize and capture nucleic acid targets. In a step further, SPE-based biosensors with the modification of self-assembled DNA nanostructures are emphasized as they offer great potential for the interface engineering of the electrode surface and promote the excellent performance of various interface reactions. By equipping with a portable potentiostat and a smartphone monitoring device, the realization of this SPE-based miniaturized diagnostic system for the further requirement of fast and POC detection is revealed. Finally, more novel and excellent works are previewed and future perspectives in this field are mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Ye
- Precision Medicine Center, Beilun People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital Beilun Branch, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315806, P. R. China.
| | - Zhenqi Zhang
- Precision Medicine Center, Beilun People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital Beilun Branch, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315806, P. R. China.
| | - Jian Liu
- Precision Medicine Center, Beilun People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital Beilun Branch, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315806, P. R. China.
| | - Xuyao Wang
- Precision Medicine Center, Beilun People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital Beilun Branch, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315806, P. R. China.
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54
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Nie Y, Wang P, Ma Q, Su X. Confined Gold Single Atoms-MXene Heterostructure-Based Electrochemiluminescence Functional Material and Its Sensing Application. Anal Chem 2022; 94:11016-11022. [PMID: 35899589 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Herein, based on electronic metal-support interaction (EMSI), a gold single atom confined MXene (AuSA/MXene) heterostructure was developed as the highly efficient electrochemiluminescence (ECL) functional material, which greatly improved the electrochemical properties and broadened the sensing application of MXenes. Gold single atoms were confined into the vacancy defects of Ti3C2Tx MXene, which could effectively avoid the masking of catalytic active sites. Meanwhile, electron transport could be accelerated with the assistance of titanium dioxide on the MXene nanosheets. Therefore, the AuSA/MXene heterostructure had high catalytic activity and electrical activity to promote hydrogen peroxide to generate free radicals, which achieved high-efficiency ECL. Eventually, the AuSA/MXene heterostructure was used to construct a Faraday cage-type ECL sensor with fluid nanoislands to detect miRNA-187 in triple-negative breast cancer tumor tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Nie
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Peilin Wang
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Qiang Ma
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xingguang Su
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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55
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Li J, Yuan Y, Gan H, Dong C, Cao B, Ni JL, Li X, Gu W, Song C, Wang L. Double-Tetrahedral DNA Probe Functionalized Ag Nanorod Biointerface for Effective Capture, Highly Sensitive Detection, and Nondestructive Release of Circulating Tumor Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:32869-32879. [PMID: 35839122 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c06005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are indicative of tumorigenesis, metastasis, and recurrence; however, it is still a great challenge to efficiently analyze the extremely rare CTCs in peripheral blood. Herein, a novel nanobiointerface integrating high affinities of arrayed silver nanorods (Ag NRs) and double-tetrahedral DNA (DTDN) probes by a clever strategy is proposed for the efficient capture, highly sensitive detection, and nondestructive release of CTCs. Under the optimal conditions, the DTDN-probe-functionalized Ag NRs nanobiointerface can capture 90.2% of SGC-7901 cells in PBS, and the capture efficiency is 2.8 times and 50 times those of a DTDN-probe-functionalized Ag film and unfunctionalized Ag NRs, respectively, benefiting from the nanorough interface of the Ag NRs array and multivalent recognition of the DTDN probe. In addition, 93.4% of cells was released via Zn2+-assisted DNAzyme cleavage, and the viability of the postreleased CTCs is about 98.0%. The potential practicality of the nanobiointerface for testing CTCs in blood was further characterized by spiking SGC-7901 cells in leukocytes collected from human blood, and the results show that 83.8% capture efficiency, 91.2% release efficiency, and single-cell detection limit were achieved, which indicates that the nanobiointerface has great potential in clinical applications for reliable CTC analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxiang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yugang Yuan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyu Gan
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Dong
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Cao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Liang Ni
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueliang Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Gu
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyuan Song
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianhui Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
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56
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Himuro T, Tsukamoto S, Saito Y. Fabrication of a Deoxyribonuclease Sensor Based on the Electrical Characteristics of DNA Molecules. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:23549-23554. [PMID: 35847296 PMCID: PMC9280956 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we developed a sensing device that can detect deoxyribonuclease (DNase) based on the electrical properties of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). We estimated the equivalent circuit between the electrodes with immobilized DNA and investigated whether the characteristics of the electrodes change before and after the DNase reaction. This method detects DNase by simply evaluating the electrical properties of DNA without using a fluorescent reagent. Therefore, inexpensive and highly accurate measurements can be performed with simple operations. However, detection sensitivity must be increased for practical feasibility. Hence, we investigated whether DNA immobilization is restricted by changing the shape of the electrode to a triangle with sharp edges, which may improve the sensitivity of DNase. Additionally, we attempted to detect DNase from an extremely small amount of sample solution using a microchannel. The device was able to quantitatively analyze DNase I activity with a detection limit of 5.5 × 10-5 unit/μL. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed sensing device for various medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Himuro
- National
Institute of Technology (KOSEN), Kure College, 2-2-11 Agaminami, Kure, Hiroshima 737-8506, Japan
- . Tel/Fax: +81-823-73-8250
| | - Shota Tsukamoto
- Seikei
University, 3-3-1 Kichijoji-Kitamachi, Musashino-shi, Tokyo 180-8633, Japan
| | - Yoji Saito
- Seikei
University, 3-3-1 Kichijoji-Kitamachi, Musashino-shi, Tokyo 180-8633, Japan
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57
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Wang C, Xu Y, Li S, Zhou Y, Qian Q, Liu Y, Mi X. Designer tetrahedral DNA framework-based microfluidic technology for multivalent capture and release of circulating tumor cells. Mater Today Bio 2022; 16:100346. [PMID: 35833198 PMCID: PMC9272028 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have been recognized as a general biomarker for the early detection, diagnosis and therapy monitoring of cancer. Due to their extreme rarity in peripheral blood, the isolation and analysis of CTCs with high efficiency, high purity and high viability remains a tremendous technological challenge. Herein, we combined tetrahedral DNA framework (TDFs), herringbone channel (HB) chip, together with aptamer-triggered hybridization chain reaction (apt-HCR) to develop an efficient microfluidic system (T-μFS) for capture and release of simulated CTCs. The capture efficiency of MCF-7 cells was from 83.3% to 94.2% when the cell numbers ranged from 10 to 103 using our T-μFS in the whole blood. The release efficiency of the MCF-7 cells was 96.2% and the MCF-7 cell viability after release was 94.6% using our T-μFS in PBS buffer. Reculture and RT-qPCR studies showed that there was almost no damage by the capture and release treatment for the MCF-7 cells viability. These results revealed that our T-μFS could be developed as an integrated and automatic technical platform with great performance for multivalent capture and release of CTCs and have a wide application prospect for tumor liquid biopsy. Three-dimensional amine modified tetrahedral DNA frameworks (TDFs) as rigid scaffolds were anchored on the aldehyde modified substrate of HB-chip, which provided the better spatial orientation compared with single-stranded DNA. Aptamer partially hybridized to an initiator was employed to trigger HCR reaction, and HCR produced modified long products with multi-branched arms for multivalent binding on TDFs to improve the capture efficiency of CTCs. This is the first time that only employed DNA nanostructures in a microfluidic device system to capture CTCs, and all DNA nanostructures could be efficiently removed by enzymes without harming cells.
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58
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Lee S, Godhulayyagari S, Nguyen ST, Lu JK, Ebrahimi SB, Samanta D. Signal Transduction Strategies for Analyte Detection Using DNA-Based Nanostructures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202211. [PMID: 35307938 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The use of DNA-based nanostructures as probes has led to significant advances in chemical and biological sensing, allowing the detection of analytes in complex media, the understanding of fundamental biological processes, and the ability to diagnose diseases based on molecular signatures. The utility of these structures arises both from DNA's inherent ability to selectively recognize and bind a variety of chemical species and from the unique properties observed when DNA is restructured at the nanoscale. In this Minireview, we chronicle the most commonly used signal transduction strategies that have been interfaced with various DNA-based nanostructures. We discuss the types of analytes and the detection scenarios that are sought after, delineate the advantages and disadvantages of each signaling strategy, and outline the key considerations that guide the selection of each signaling method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungheon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 E 24th Street, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Shivudu Godhulayyagari
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 E 24th Street, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Shadler T Nguyen
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, 2500 Speedway, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Jasmine K Lu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 E 24th Street, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Sasha B Ebrahimi
- Biopharmaceutical Product Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, 1250 S Collegeville Road, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA
| | - Devleena Samanta
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 E 24th Street, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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59
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Self-assembled tetrahedral DNA nanostructures-based ultrasensitive label-free detection of ampicillin. Talanta 2022; 243:123292. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Song L, Zhuge Y, Zuo X, Li M, Wang F. DNA Walkers for Biosensing Development. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2200327. [PMID: 35460209 PMCID: PMC9366574 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202200327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The ability to design nanostructures with arbitrary shapes and controllable motions has made DNA nanomaterials used widely to construct diverse nanomachines with various structures and functions. The DNA nanostructures exhibit excellent properties, including programmability, stability, biocompatibility, and can be modified with different functional groups. Among these nanoscale architectures, DNA walker is one of the most popular nanodevices with ingenious design and flexible function. In the past several years, DNA walkers have made amazing progress ranging from structural design to biological applications including constructing biosensors for the detection of cancer-associated biomarkers. In this review, the key driving forces of DNA walkers are first summarized. Then, the DNA walkers with different numbers of legs are introduced. Furthermore, the biosensing applications of DNA walkers including the detection- of nucleic acids, proteins, ions, and bacteria are summarized. Finally, the new frontiers and opportunities for developing DNA walker-based biosensors are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Song
- Department of CardiologyShanghai General HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200800China
- Institute of Molecular MedicineShanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and NanomedicineSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200127China
| | - Ying Zhuge
- Department of CardiologyShanghai General HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200800China
| | - Xiaolei Zuo
- Institute of Molecular MedicineShanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and NanomedicineSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200127China
| | - Min Li
- Institute of Molecular MedicineShanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and NanomedicineSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200127China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of CardiologyShanghai General HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200800China
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61
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Curti F, Fortunati S, Knoll W, Giannetto M, Corradini R, Bertucci A, Careri M. A Folding-Based Electrochemical Aptasensor for the Single-Step Detection of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:19204-19211. [PMID: 35446532 PMCID: PMC9045037 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c02405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Efficient and timely testing has taken center stage in the management, control, and monitoring of the current COVID-19 pandemic. Simple, rapid, cost-effective diagnostics are needed that can complement current polymerase chain reaction-based methods and lateral flow immunoassays. Here, we report the development of an electrochemical sensing platform based on single-walled carbon nanotube screen-printed electrodes (SWCNT-SPEs) functionalized with a redox-tagged DNA aptamer that specifically binds to the receptor binding domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein S1 subunit. Single-step, reagentless detection of the S1 protein is achieved through a binding-induced, concentration-dependent folding of the DNA aptamer that reduces the efficiency of the electron transfer process between the redox tag and the electrode surface and causes a suppression of the resulting amperometric signal. This aptasensor is specific for the target S1 protein with a dissociation constant (KD) value of 43 ± 4 nM and a limit of detection of 7 nM. We demonstrate that the target S1 protein can be detected both in a buffer solution and in an artificial viral transport medium widely used for the collection of nasopharyngeal swabs, and that no cross-reactivity is observed in the presence of different, non-target viral proteins. We expect that this SWCNT-SPE-based format of electrochemical aptasensor will prove useful for the detection of other protein targets for which nucleic acid aptamer ligands are made available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Curti
- Department
of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
- Biosensor
Technologies, AIT-Austrian Institute of
Technology GmbH, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße
24, 3430 Tulln an
der Donau, Austria
| | - Simone Fortunati
- Department
of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Wolfgang Knoll
- Biosensor
Technologies, AIT-Austrian Institute of
Technology GmbH, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße
24, 3430 Tulln an
der Donau, Austria
- Department
of Scientific Coordination and Management, Danube Private University, A-3500 Krems, Austria
| | - Marco Giannetto
- Department
of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Roberto Corradini
- Department
of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bertucci
- Department
of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Maria Careri
- Department
of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
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62
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Engineering Nucleic Acid Functional Probes in Neuroimaging. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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63
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Lee S, Godhulayyagari S, Nguyen ST, Lu JK, Ebrahimi SB, Samanta D. Signal Transduction Strategies for Analyte Detection Using DNA‐Based Nanostructures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202202211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seungheon Lee
- Department of Chemistry The University of Texas at Austin 105 E 24th Street Austin TX 78712 USA
| | - Shivudu Godhulayyagari
- Department of Chemistry The University of Texas at Austin 105 E 24th Street Austin TX 78712 USA
| | - Shadler T. Nguyen
- Department of Molecular Biosciences The University of Texas at Austin 2500 Speedway Austin TX 78712 USA
| | - Jasmine K. Lu
- Department of Chemistry The University of Texas at Austin 105 E 24th Street Austin TX 78712 USA
| | - Sasha B. Ebrahimi
- Biopharmaceutical Product Sciences GlaxoSmithKline 1250 S Collegeville Road Collegeville PA 19426 USA
| | - Devleena Samanta
- Department of Chemistry The University of Texas at Austin 105 E 24th Street Austin TX 78712 USA
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64
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Chakraborty B, Das S, Gupta A, Xiong Y, Vyshnavi TV, Kizer ME, Duan J, Chandrasekaran AR, Wang X. Aptamers for Viral Detection and Inhibition. ACS Infect Dis 2022; 8:667-692. [PMID: 35220716 PMCID: PMC8905934 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent times have experienced more than ever the impact of viral infections in humans. Viral infections are known to cause diseases not only in humans but also in plants and animals. Here, we have compiled the literature review of aptamers selected and used for detection and inhibition of viral infections in all three categories: humans, animals, and plants. This review gives an in-depth introduction to aptamers, different types of aptamer selection (SELEX) methodologies, the benefits of using aptamers over commonly used antibody-based strategies, and the structural and functional mechanism of aptasensors for viral detection and therapy. The review is organized based on the different characterization and read-out tools used to detect virus-aptasensor interactions with a detailed index of existing virus-targeting aptamers. Along with addressing recent developments, we also discuss a way forward with aptamers for DNA nanotechnology-based detection and treatment of viral diseases. Overall, this review will serve as a comprehensive resource for aptamer-based strategies in viral diagnostics and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banani Chakraborty
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Sreyashi Das
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Arushi Gupta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Yanyu Xiong
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory (HMNTL), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - T-V Vyshnavi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Megan E. Kizer
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jinwei Duan
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Chang’an University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710064, China
| | - Arun Richard Chandrasekaran
- The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Xing Wang
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory (HMNTL), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology (IGB), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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65
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Guo K, Alba M, Chin GP, Tong Z, Guan B, Sailor MJ, Voelcker NH, Prieto-Simón B. Designing Electrochemical Biosensing Platforms Using Layered Carbon-Stabilized Porous Silicon Nanostructures. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:15565-15575. [PMID: 35286082 PMCID: PMC9682479 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c02113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Porous silicon (pSi) is an established porous material that offers ample opportunities for biosensor design thanks to its tunable structure, versatile surface chemistry, and large surface area. Nonetheless, its potential for electrochemical sensing is relatively unexplored. This study investigates layered carbon-stabilized pSi nanostructures with site-specific functionalities as an electrochemical biosensor. A double-layer nanostructure combining a top hydrophilic layer of thermally carbonized pSi (TCpSi) and a bottom hydrophobic layer of thermally hydrocarbonized pSi (THCpSi) is prepared. The modified layers are formed in a stepwise process, involving first an electrochemical anodization step to generate a porous layer with precisely defined pore morphological features, followed by deposition of a thin thermally carbonized coating on the pore walls via temperature-controlled acetylene decomposition. The second layer is then generated beneath the first by following the same two-step process, but the acetylene decomposition conditions are adjusted to deposit a thermally hydrocarbonized coating. The double-layer platform features excellent electrochemical properties such as fast electron-transfer kinetics, which underpin the performance of a TCpSi-THCpSi voltammetric DNA sensor. The biosensor targets a 28-nucleotide single-stranded DNA sequence with a detection limit of 0.4 pM, two orders of magnitude lower than the values reported to date by any other pSi-based electrochemical DNA sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keying Guo
- Monash
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash
University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Melbourne
Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node
of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Maria Alba
- Monash
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash
University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Melbourne
Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node
of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
- Commonwealth
Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Grace Pei Chin
- Monash
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash
University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Ziqiu Tong
- Monash
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash
University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Bin Guan
- Future
Industries Institute, University of South
Australia, Mawson
Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia
| | - Michael J. Sailor
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Nicolas H. Voelcker
- Monash
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash
University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Melbourne
Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node
of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
- Commonwealth
Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Beatriz Prieto-Simón
- Department
of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Rovira
i Virgili, Tarragona 43007, Spain
- ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona 08010, Spain
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66
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Huang W, Xu Y, Sun Y. Functionalized Graphene Fiber Modified With MOF-Derived Rime-Like Hierarchical Nanozyme for Electrochemical Biosensing of H2O2 in Cancer Cells. Front Chem 2022; 10:873187. [PMID: 35392421 PMCID: PMC8980740 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.873187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The rational design and construction of high-performance flexible electrochemical sensors based on hierarchical nanostructure functionalized microelectrode systems are of vital importance for sensitive in situ and real-time detection of biomolecules released from living cells. Herein, we report a novel and facile strategy to synthesize a new kind of high-performance microelectrode functionalized by dual nanozyme composed of rime-like Cu2(OH)3NO3 wrapped ZnO nanorods assembly [Cu2(OH)3NO3@ZnO], and explore its practical application in electrochemical detection of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) released from living cells. Benefiting from the merits of the unique hierarchical nanohybrid structure and high catalytic activities, the resultant Cu2(OH)3NO3@ZnO-modified AGF microelectrode shows remarkable electrochemical sensing performance towards H2O2 with a low detection limit of 1 μM and a high sensitivity of 272 μA cm−2 mM−1, as well as good anti-interference capability, long-term stability, and reproducibility. These properties enabled the proposed microelectrode-based electrochemical platform to be applied for in situ amperometric tracking of H2O2 released from different types of human colon cells, thus demonstrating its great prospect as a sensitive cancer cell detection probe for the early diagnosis and management of various cancer diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yimin Sun
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Yimin Sun,
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67
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Fortunati S, Vasini I, Giannetto M, Mattarozzi M, Porchetta A, Bertucci A, Careri M. Controlling Dynamic DNA Reactions at the Surface of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Electrodes to Design Hybridization Platforms with a Specific Amperometric Readout. Anal Chem 2022; 94:5075-5083. [PMID: 35303407 PMCID: PMC8968946 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c05294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Carbon nanotube (CNT)-based
electrodes are cheap, highly performing,
and robust platforms for the fabrication of electrochemical sensors.
Engineering programmable DNA nanotechnologies on the CNT surface can
support the construction of new electrochemical DNA sensors providing
an amperometric output in response to biomolecular recognition. This
is a significant challenge, since it requires gaining control of specific
hybridization processes and functional DNA systems at the interface,
while limiting DNA physisorption on the electrode surface, which contributes
to nonspecific signal. In this study, we provide design rules to program
dynamic DNA structures at the surface of single-walled carbon nanotubes
electrodes, showing that specific DNA interactions can be monitored
through measurement of the current signal provided by redox-tagged
DNA strands. We propose the use of pyrene as a backfilling agent to
reduce nonspecific adsorption of reporter DNA strands and demonstrate
the controlled formation of DNA duplexes on the electrode surface,
which we then apply in the design and conduction of programmable DNA
strand displacement reactions. Expanding on this aspect, we report
the development of novel amperometric hybridization platforms based
on artificial DNA structures templated by the small molecule melamine.
These platforms enable dynamic strand exchange reactions orthogonal
to conventional toehold-mediated strand displacement and may support
new strategies in electrochemical sensing of biomolecular targets,
combining the physicochemical properties of nanostructured carbon-based
materials with programmable nucleic acid hybridization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Fortunati
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Ilaria Vasini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Marco Giannetto
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Monica Mattarozzi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Alessandro Porchetta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bertucci
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Maria Careri
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
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68
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Moya-Ramírez I, Kotidis P, Marbiah M, Kim J, Kontoravdi C, Polizzi K. Polymer Encapsulation of Bacterial Biosensors Enables Coculture with Mammalian Cells. ACS Synth Biol 2022; 11:1303-1312. [PMID: 35245022 PMCID: PMC9007569 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.1c00577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Coexistence of different populations of cells and isolation of tasks can provide enhanced robustness and adaptability or impart new functionalities to a culture. However, generating stable cocultures involving cells with vastly different growth rates can be challenging. To address this, we developed living analytics in a multilayer polymer shell (LAMPS), an encapsulation method that facilitates the coculture of mammalian and bacterial cells. We leverage LAMPS to preprogram a separation of tasks within the coculture: growth and therapeutic protein production by the mammalian cells and l-lactate biosensing by Escherichia coli encapsulated within LAMPS. LAMPS enable the formation of a synthetic bacterial-mammalian cell interaction that enables a living biosensor to be integrated into a biomanufacturing process. Our work serves as a proof-of-concept for further applications in bioprocessing since LAMPS combine the simplicity and flexibility of a bacterial biosensor with a viable method to prevent runaway growth that would disturb mammalian cell physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Moya-Ramírez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
- Imperial College Centre for Synthetic Biology, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Pavlos Kotidis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Masue Marbiah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
- Imperial College Centre for Synthetic Biology, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Juhyun Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
- Imperial College Centre for Synthetic Biology, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Cleo Kontoravdi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Karen Polizzi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
- Imperial College Centre for Synthetic Biology, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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69
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Comeau ZJ, Lessard BH, Shuhendler AJ. The Need to Pair Molecular Monitoring Devices with Molecular Imaging to Personalize Health. Mol Imaging Biol 2022; 24:675-691. [PMID: 35257276 PMCID: PMC8901094 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-022-01714-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
By enabling the non-invasive monitoring and quantification of biomolecular processes, molecular imaging has dramatically improved our understanding of disease. In recent years, non-invasive access to the molecular drivers of health versus disease has emboldened the goal of precision health, which draws on concepts borrowed from process monitoring in engineering, wherein hundreds of sensors can be employed to develop a model which can be used to preventatively detect and diagnose problems. In translating this monitoring regime from inanimate machines to human beings, precision health posits that continual and on-the-spot monitoring are the next frontiers in molecular medicine. Early biomarker detection and clinical intervention improves individual outcomes and reduces the societal cost of treating chronic and late-stage diseases. However, in current clinical settings, methods of disease diagnoses and monitoring are typically intermittent, based on imprecise risk factors, or self-administered, making optimization of individual patient outcomes an ongoing challenge. Low-cost molecular monitoring devices capable of on-the-spot biomarker analysis at high frequencies, and even continuously, could alter this paradigm of therapy and disease prevention. When these devices are coupled with molecular imaging, they could work together to enable a complete picture of pathogenesis. To meet this need, an active area of research is the development of sensors capable of point-of-care diagnostic monitoring with an emphasis on clinical utility. However, a myriad of challenges must be met, foremost, an integration of the highly specialized molecular tools developed to understand and monitor the molecular causes of disease with clinically accessible techniques. Functioning on the principle of probe-analyte interactions yielding a transducible signal, probes enabling sensing and imaging significantly overlap in design considerations and targeting moieties, however differing in signal interpretation and readout. Integrating molecular sensors with molecular imaging can provide improved data on the personal biomarkers governing disease progression, furthering our understanding of pathogenesis, and providing a positive feedback loop toward identifying additional biomarkers and therapeutics. Coupling molecular imaging with molecular monitoring devices into the clinical paradigm is a key step toward achieving precision health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary J Comeau
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 150 Louis Pasteur, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Benoît H Lessard
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa, 800 King Edward Ave., Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Adam J Shuhendler
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 150 Louis Pasteur, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada.
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada.
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin St, Ottawa, ON, K1Y 4W7, Canada.
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70
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Song P, Wu LR, Yan YH, Zhang JX, Chu T, Kwong LN, Patel AA, Zhang DY. Limitations and opportunities of technologies for the analysis of cell-free DNA in cancer diagnostics. Nat Biomed Eng 2022; 6:232-245. [PMID: 35102279 PMCID: PMC9336539 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-021-00837-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in the circulating blood plasma of patients with cancer contains tumour-derived DNA sequences that can serve as biomarkers for guiding therapy, for the monitoring of drug resistance, and for the early detection of cancers. However, the analysis of cfDNA for clinical diagnostic applications remains challenging because of the low concentrations of cfDNA, and because cfDNA is fragmented into short lengths and is susceptible to chemical damage. Barcodes of unique molecular identifiers have been implemented to overcome the intrinsic errors of next-generation sequencing, which is the prevailing method for highly multiplexed cfDNA analysis. However, a number of methodological and pre-analytical factors limit the clinical sensitivity of the cfDNA-based detection of cancers from liquid biopsies. In this Review, we describe the state-of-the-art technologies for cfDNA analysis, with emphasis on multiplexing strategies, and discuss outstanding biological and technical challenges that, if addressed, would substantially improve cancer diagnostics and patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Song
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lucia Ruojia Wu
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Tianqing Chu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lawrence N Kwong
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Abhijit A Patel
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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71
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Wang L, Wang X, Wu Y, Guo M, Gu C, Dai C, Kong D, Wang Y, Zhang C, Qu D, Fan C, Xie Y, Zhu Z, Liu Y, Wei D. Rapid and ultrasensitive electromechanical detection of ions, biomolecules and SARS-CoV-2 RNA in unamplified samples. Nat Biomed Eng 2022. [PMID: 35132229 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-41021-00833-41557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The detection of samples at ultralow concentrations (one to ten copies in 100 μl) in biofluids is hampered by the orders-of-magnitude higher amounts of 'background' biomolecules. Here we report a molecular system, immobilized on a liquid-gated graphene field-effect transistor and consisting of an aptamer probe bound to a flexible single-stranded DNA cantilever linked to a self-assembled stiff tetrahedral double-stranded DNA structure, for the rapid and ultrasensitive electromechanical detection (down to one to two copies in 100 μl) of unamplified nucleic acids in biofluids, and also of ions, small molecules and proteins, as we show for Hg2+, adenosine 5'-triphosphate and thrombin. We implemented an electromechanical biosensor for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 into an integrated and portable prototype device, and show that it detected SARS-CoV-2 RNA in less than four minutes in all nasopharyngeal samples from 33 patients with COVID-19 (with cycle threshold values of 24.9-41.3) and in none of the 54 COVID-19-negative controls, without the need for RNA extraction or nucleic acid amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuejun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yungen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingquan Guo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenjian Gu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changhao Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Derong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Di Qu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunhai Fan
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Youhua Xie
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaoqin Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yunqi Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dacheng Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Laboratory of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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72
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Zhang S, Liu M, Cui H, Ziaee MA, Sun R, Chen L, Chen D, Garoli D, Wang J. Detection of small-sized DNA fragments in a glassy nanopore by utilization of CRISPR-Cas12a as a converter system. Analyst 2022; 147:905-914. [PMID: 35142306 DOI: 10.1039/d1an02313f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The fabrication of nanopores with a matched pore size, and the existence of multiple interferents make the reproducible detection of small-sized molecules by means of solid-state nanopores still challenging. A useful method to solve these problems is based on the detection of large DNA nanostructures related to the existence of small-sized targets. In particular, a DNA tetrahedron with a well-defined 3D nanostructure is the ideal candidate for use as a signal transducer. Here, we demonstrate the detection of an L1-encoding gene of HPV18 as a test DNA target sequence in a reaction buffer solution, where long single-stranded DNA linking DNA tetrahedra onto the surface of the magnetic beads is cleaved by a target DNA-activated CRISPR-cas12 system. The DNA tetrahedra are subsequently released and can be detected by the current pulse in a glassy nanopore. This approach has several advantages: (1) one signal transducer can be used to detect different targets; (2) a glassy nanopore with a pore size much larger than the target DNA fragment can boost the tolerance of the contaminants and interferents which often degrade the performance of a nanopore sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumin Zhang
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Minyi Liu
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Haofa Cui
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Muhammad Asad Ziaee
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Rongwei Sun
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Liting Chen
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Daqi Chen
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Denis Garoli
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16136 Genova, Italy. .,Liberà Università di Bolzano, Piazza Università 1, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Jiahai Wang
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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73
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Dhar BC. Diagnostic assay and technology advancement for detecting SARS-CoV-2 infections causing the COVID-19 pandemic. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:2903-2934. [PMID: 35211785 PMCID: PMC8872642 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-03918-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-caused COVID-19 pandemic has transmitted to humans in practically all parts of the world, producing socio-economic turmoil. There is an urgent need for precise, fast, and affordable diagnostic testing to be widely available for detecting SARS-CoV-2 and its mutations in various phases of the disease. Early diagnosis with great precision has been achieved using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and similar other molecular methods, but theseapproaches are costly and involve rigorous processes that are not easily obtainable. Conversely, immunoassays that detect a small number of antibodies have been employed for quick, low-cost tests, but their efficiency in diagnosing infected people has been restricted. The use of biosensors in the detection of SARS-CoV-2 is vital for the COVID-19 pandemic’s control. This review gives an overview of COVID-19 diagnostic approaches that are currently being developed as well as nanomaterial-based biosensor technologies, to aid future technological advancement and innovation. These approaches can be integrated into point-of-care (POC) devices to quickly identify a large number of infected patients and asymptomatic carriers. The ongoing research endeavors and developments in complementary technologies will play a significant role in curbing the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic and fill the knowledge gaps in current diagnostic accuracy and capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bidhan C Dhar
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina (UNC), 205 S Columbia St, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA.
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74
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Wang H, Liu Q, Lan X, Jiang D. Framework Nucleic Acids in Nuclear Medicine Imaging: Shedding Light on Nano–Bio Interactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202111980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology 1277 Jiefang Ave. Wuhan 430022 China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Wuhan 430022 China
| | - Qingyao Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology 1277 Jiefang Ave. Wuhan 430022 China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Wuhan 430022 China
| | - Xiaoli Lan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology 1277 Jiefang Ave. Wuhan 430022 China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Wuhan 430022 China
| | - Dawei Jiang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology 1277 Jiefang Ave. Wuhan 430022 China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Wuhan 430022 China
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75
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Wang L, Wang X, Wu Y, Guo M, Gu C, Dai C, Kong D, Wang Y, Zhang C, Qu D, Fan C, Xie Y, Zhu Z, Liu Y, Wei D. Rapid and ultrasensitive electromechanical detection of ions, biomolecules and SARS-CoV-2 RNA in unamplified samples. Nat Biomed Eng 2022; 6:276-285. [DOI: 10.1038/s41551-021-00833-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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76
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Catalytic hairpin assembled polymeric tetrahedral DNA frameworks for MicroRNA imaging in live cells. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 197:113783. [PMID: 34775254 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic DNA nanodevices-based assembly is currently well developed for a broad range of analytical applications. However, some problems persist, such as false positives, nuclease digestions, and exclusive interferences with single signal in complex cellular environment. Herein, we have established a method for imaging cellular miR-155, where it induced assembly of two tetrahedral DNA frameworks (TDFs), TDF-1 and TDF-2, both of which had four fluorescence modified hairpins (Cy3 for TDF-1 and Cy5 for TDF-2, respectively) at each angle, into polymeric tetrahedral DNA frameworks (PTDFs). The formation of PTDFs was greatly dependent on miR-155 overexpressed in breast cancer cells since miR-155 drove catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) reaction by opening the hairpins at the vertices of TDF-1 to hybridize with TDF-2. Upon the completion of hybridization, the miR-155 was released, starting the next cycle of the CHA reaction. Measurements of atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) showed that the formation of PTDFs occurred owing to the multivalent assembly of TDF-1 and TDF-2. By utilizing the formation of PTDFs, miR-155 was detected in a linear range from 0.5 nM to 30 nM with a 0.35 nM limit of determination, enabling the successful imaging of endogenous miR-155 in live cells through the FRET signal from Cy3 to Cy5. These studies demonstrated that this method significantly strengthened the resistance nuclease to digestion and stable ability with exclusive interference.
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77
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Xu Y, Huang SW, Ma YQ, Ding HM. Loading of DOX into a tetrahedral DNA nanostructure: the corner does matter. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:754-760. [PMID: 36131833 PMCID: PMC9416905 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00753j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid development of nanotechnology, various DNA nanostructures have been synthesized and widely used in drug delivery. However, the underlying mechanisms of drug molecule loading into the DNA nanostructure are still elusive. In this work, we systematically investigate the interactions of a tetrahedral DNA nanostructure (TDN) with the anti-cancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) by combining molecular docking and all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. It is found that there are five possible binding modes in the single TDN-DOX interactions, namely the outside-corner mode, the inside-corner mode, the major-groove mode, the minor-groove mode, and the intercalation mode, where the van der Waals (VDW) interaction and the electrostatic (ELE) interaction dominate in the case of unionized DOX and ionized DOX, respectively. Moreover, with the increase of the DOX number, some of the interaction modes may disappear and the inside-corner mode is the most energy-favorable mode. The present study enhances the molecular understanding of the role of TDN as the drug carrier, which may provide a useful guideline for the future design of DNA nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Xu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Shu-Wei Huang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Yu-Qiang Ma
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Hong-Ming Ding
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University Suzhou 215006 China
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78
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Mackay AS, Payne RJ, Malins LR. Electrochemistry for the Chemoselective Modification of Peptides and Proteins. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:23-41. [PMID: 34968405 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Although electrochemical strategies for small-molecule synthesis are flourishing, this technology has yet to be fully exploited for the mild and chemoselective modification of peptides and proteins. With the growing number of diverse peptide natural products being identified and the emergence of modified proteins as therapeutic and diagnostic agents, methods for electrochemical modification stand as alluring prospects for harnessing the reactivity of polypeptides to build molecular complexity. As a mild and inherently tunable reaction platform, electrochemistry is arguably well-suited to overcome the chemo- and regioselectivity issues which limit existing bioconjugation strategies. This Perspective will showcase recently developed electrochemical approaches to peptide and protein modification. The article also highlights the wealth of untapped opportunities for the production of homogeneously modified biomolecules, with an eye toward realizing the enormous potential of electrochemistry for chemoselective bioconjugation chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angus S Mackay
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Richard J Payne
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Lara R Malins
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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79
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Chen L, Zhang J, Lin Z, Zhang Z, Mao M, Wu J, Li Q, Zhang Y, Fan C. Pharmaceutical applications of framework nucleic acids. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:76-91. [PMID: 35127373 PMCID: PMC8799870 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA is a biological polymer that encodes and stores genetic information in all living organism. Particularly, the precise nucleobase pairing inside DNA is exploited for the self-assembling of nanostructures with defined size, shape and functionality. These DNA nanostructures are known as framework nucleic acids (FNAs) for their skeleton-like features. Recently, FNAs have been explored in various fields ranging from physics, chemistry to biology. In this review, we mainly focus on the recent progress of FNAs in a pharmaceutical perspective. We summarize the advantages and applications of FNAs for drug discovery, drug delivery and drug analysis. We further discuss the drawbacks of FNAs and provide an outlook on the pharmaceutical research direction of FNAs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhun Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ziyan Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Miao Mao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiacheng Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qian Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acids Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yuanqing Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chunhai Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acids Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
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80
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Dou Y, Su J, Chen S, Li T, Wang L, Ding X, Song S, Fan C. A smartphone-based three-in-one biosensor for co-detection of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA, antigen and antibody. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:6108-6111. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc01297a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We report a universal and portable three-in-one biosensor linked to a smartphone for co-detection of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA, antigen, and antibody.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhi Dou
- Division of Physical Biology, CAS Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jing Su
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Shixing Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Tie Li
- Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Lihua Wang
- The Interdisciplinary Research Center, Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Zhangjiang Laboratory, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, P. R. China
| | - Xianting Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Shiping Song
- The Interdisciplinary Research Center, Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Zhangjiang Laboratory, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, P. R. China
| | - Chunhai Fan
- Division of Physical Biology, CAS Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, P. R. China
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P. R. China
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81
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Chen C, Liu Q, Yuan Y, Cai X, Ding X, Li B, Yang Y, Wang B, Wang G, Leong DT, Qian H. Protein-mediated DNA self-assembly by controlling the surface charge in a molecular crowding environment. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:2006-2013. [PMID: 35289345 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm02017j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Designing and building artificial nanodevices and nanoarchitectures in living systems are extremely intriguing subjects in nanotechnology and synthetic biology. Taking advantage of cellular machinery and endogenous biomacromolecules, such as proteins,...
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunfa Chen
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China.
| | - Qian Liu
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China.
- Laboratory of Pharmacy and Chemistry, and Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yue Yuan
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China.
| | - Xiaolian Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xiaotong Ding
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China.
| | - Boxuan Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi 046000, China
| | - Yao Yang
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China.
| | - Bin Wang
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China.
| | - Guansong Wang
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China.
| | - David Tai Leong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Hang Qian
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China.
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82
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Xia LY, Tang YN, Zhang J, Dong TY, Zhou RX. Advances in the DNA Nanotechnology for the Cancer Biomarkers Analysis: Attributes and Applications. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:1105-1119. [PMID: 34979273 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The most commonly used clinical methods are enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and quantitative PCR (qPCR) in which ELISA was applied for the detection of protein biomarkers and qPCR was especially applied for nucleic acid biomarker analysis. Although these constructed methods have been applied in wide range, they also showed some inherent shortcomings such as low sensitivity, large sample volume and complex operations. At present, many methods have been successfully constructed on the basis of DNA nanotechnology with the merits of high accuracy, rapid and simple operation for cancer biomarkers assay. In this review, we summarized the bioassay strategies based on DNA nanotechnology from the perspective of the analytical attributes for the first time and discussed and the feasibility of the reported strategies for clinical application in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ying Xia
- Biliary Surgical Department of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China; Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China
| | - Ya-Nan Tang
- Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Biliary Surgical Department of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China
| | - Tian-Yu Dong
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China
| | - Rong-Xing Zhou
- Biliary Surgical Department of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China.
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83
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Yu J, Liu J, Ma CB, Qi L, Du Y, Hu X, Jiang Y, Zhou M, Wang E. Signal-On Electrochemical Detection for Drug-Resistant Hepatitis B Virus Mutants through Three-Way Junction Transduction and Exonuclease III-Assisted Catalyzed Hairpin Assembly. Anal Chem 2021; 94:600-605. [PMID: 34920663 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The present detection method for hepatitis B virus (HBV) drug-resistant mutation has a high misdiagnosis rate and usually needs to meet stringent requirements for technology and equipment, leading to complex and time-consuming manipulation and drawback of high costs. Herein, with the purpose of developing cost-effective, highly efficient, and handy diagnosis for HBV drug-resistant mutants, we propose an electrochemical signal-on strategy through the three-way junction (3WJ) transduction and exonuclease III (Exo III)-assisted catalyzed hairpin assembly (CHA). To achieve single-copy gene detection, loop-mediated nucleic acid isothermal amplification (LAMP), one of the highly promising and compatible techniques to revolutionize point-of-care genetic detection, is first adopted for amplification. The rtN236T mutation, an error encoded by codon 236 of the reverse transcriptase region of HBV DNA, was employed as the model gene target. Under the optimized conditions, it allows end-point transduction from HBV drug-resistant mutants-genomic information to electrochemical signals with ultrahigh sensitivity, specificity, and signal-to-noise ratio, showing the lowest detection concentration down to 2 copies/μL. Such a method provides a possibly new principle for ideal in vitro diagnosis, supporting the construction of a clinic HBV diagnosis platform with high accuracy and generalization. Moreover, it is not restricted by specific nucleic acid sequences but can be applied to the detection of various disease genes, laying the foundation for multiple detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxue Yu
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Batteries, Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province, Analysis and Testing Center, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130024, China.,State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
| | - Jingju Liu
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Batteries, Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province, Analysis and Testing Center, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130024, China
| | - Chong-Bo Ma
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Batteries, Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province, Analysis and Testing Center, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130024, China
| | - Lijuan Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China.,Department of Chemistry, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China.,Department of Chemistry, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xintong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration & Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, Genetic Diagnosis Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yanfang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration & Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, Genetic Diagnosis Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Batteries, Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province, Analysis and Testing Center, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130024, China
| | - Erkang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China.,Department of Chemistry, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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84
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Chen X, Xie Y, Liu Z, Lin Y. Application of Programmable Tetrahedral Framework Nucleic Acid-Based Nanomaterials in Neurological Disorders: Progress and Prospects. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:782237. [PMID: 34900971 PMCID: PMC8662522 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.782237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tetrahedral framework nucleic acid (tFNA), a special DNA nanodevice, is widely applied in diverse biomedical fields. Due to its high programmability, biocompatibility, tissue permeability as well as its capacity for cell proliferation and differentiation, tFNA presents a powerful tool that could overcome potential barriers in the treatment of neurological disorders. This review evaluates recent studies on the use and progress of tFNA-based nanomaterials in neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunfeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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85
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Ma T, Bizzotto D. Improved Thermal Stability and Homogeneity of Low Probe Density DNA SAMs Using Potential-Assisted Thiol-Exchange Assembly Methods. Anal Chem 2021; 93:15973-15981. [PMID: 34813297 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Methods for producing DNA SAM-based sensors with improved thermal stability and control over the homogeneity of low DNA probe density will enable advanced sensor development. The thermal stability of low-coverage DNA SAMs was studied for surfaces prepared using potential-assisted thiol exchange (Edep) and compared to DNA SAMs prepared without control over the substrate potential (OCPdep). Both surface preparation methods were studied using in situ fluorescence microscopy and electrochemistry with fluorophore or redox-modified DNA SAMs on a single-crystal gold bead electrode. Fluorescence microscopy showed that the influence of the underlying surface crystallography was important in both cases. The highest thermal stability was realized for square or rectangular surface atomic structure (e.g., surfaces from 110 to 100). The 111 and related surfaces were the least thermally stable. The low DNA coverage surfaces prepared by Edep had better thermal stability and higher DNA probe mobility as compared to OCPdep-prepared surfaces with the similar coverage. These results were correlated with methylene blue redox-tagged DNA probes, which directly measured the average DNA coverage. Both methods indicated that Edep DNA SAMs were more uniformly distributed across the electrode surface, while the surfaces prepared via OCPdep assembled into clusters with reduced mobility. The potential-assisted thiol-exchange approach to preparing low-coverage DNA SAMs was shown to quickly create modified surfaces that were consistent, had mobility characteristics which should yield superior DNA hybridization efficiencies, and having greater thermal stability which will translate into a longer shelf-life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxiao Ma
- AMPEL, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Dan Bizzotto
- AMPEL, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada
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86
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Krissanaprasit A, Key CM, Pontula S, LaBean TH. Self-Assembling Nucleic Acid Nanostructures Functionalized with Aptamers. Chem Rev 2021; 121:13797-13868. [PMID: 34157230 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Researchers have worked for many decades to master the rules of biomolecular design that would allow artificial biopolymer complexes to self-assemble and function similarly to the diverse biochemical constructs displayed in natural biological systems. The rules of nucleic acid assembly (dominated by Watson-Crick base-pairing) have been less difficult to understand and manipulate than the more complicated rules of protein folding. Therefore, nucleic acid nanotechnology has advanced more quickly than de novo protein design, and recent years have seen amazing progress in DNA and RNA design. By combining structural motifs with aptamers that act as affinity handles and add powerful molecular recognition capabilities, nucleic acid-based self-assemblies represent a diverse toolbox for use by bioengineers to create molecules with potentially revolutionary biological activities. In this review, we focus on the development of self-assembling nucleic acid nanostructures that are functionalized with nucleic acid aptamers and their great potential in wide ranging application areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhichart Krissanaprasit
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Carson M Key
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Sahil Pontula
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Thomas H LaBean
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
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87
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Sharafeldin M, James T, Davis JJ. Open Circuit Potential as a Tool for the Assessment of Binding Kinetics and Reagentless Protein Quantitation. Anal Chem 2021; 93:14748-14754. [PMID: 34699180 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A microfluidic open circuit potential label-free protein assay was developed for the reagentless quantification of C-reactive protein (CRP), a model protein target, and further utilized to assess target-receptor binding kinetics. Generated sensors have very high baseline stabilities (<1% change in 100 min) and high levels of selectivity in complex media. Real-time assays are fast (<20 min), of high sensitivity (1 ng/mL limit of detection for CRP in serum), and resolve kinetic and thermodynamic characteristics that correlate well with those resolved optically. The assay shows excellent correlation with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis of patient samples. The methodology has value in potentially underpinning a low-cost, rapid, and sensitive single-step biomarker quantification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Sharafeldin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, U.K
| | - Timothy James
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford OX3 9DU, U.K
| | - Jason J Davis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, U.K
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88
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Huang Y, Zhang W, Zhao S, Xie Z, Chen S, Yi G. Ultra-sensitive detection of DNA N6-adenine methyltransferase based on a 3D tetrahedral fluorescence scaffold assisted by symmetrical double-ring dumbbells. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1184:339018. [PMID: 34625260 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.339018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
DNA methylation is an epigenetic modification that plays a vital role in X chromosome inactivation, genome imprinting, and gene expression. DNA methyltransferase establishes and maintains a stable methylation state in genomic DNA. Efficient and specific DNA methyltransferase testing is essential for the early diagnosis and treatment of cancer. In this study, we designed an ultra-sensitive fluorescent biosensor, based on a 3D tetrahedral fluorescent scaffold assisted by symmetrical double-ring dumbbells, for the detection of DNA-[N 6-adenine]-methyltransferase (Dam MTase). Double-stranded DNA was methylated by Dam MTase and then digested by DpnI to form two identical dumbbell rings. The 3D tetrahedral fluorescent scaffold was synthesized from four oligonucleotide chains containing hairpins. When the sheared dumbbells reacted with the 3D tetrahedral fluorescent scaffold, the hairpins opened and a fluorescence signal could be detected. The strategy was successful over a wide detection range, from 0.002 to 100 U mL-1 Dam MTase, and the lowest detection limit was 0.00036 U mL-1. Control experiments with M.SssI methyltransferase and HpaII methylation restriction endonuclease confirmed the specificity of the method. Experiments with spiked human serum and the 5-fluorouracil inhibitor proved the suitability of the method for early cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Wenxiu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Shuhui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Zuowei Xie
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Siyi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Gang Yi
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China.
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89
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Tan J, Wen Y, Li M. Emerging biosensing platforms for quantitative detection of exosomes as diagnostic biomarkers. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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90
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Wang H, Liu Q, Lan X, Jiang D. Framework Nucleic Acids in Nuclear Medicine Imaging: shedding light on nano-bio interactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202111980. [PMID: 34713956 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202111980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Framework nucleic acids (FNAs) represent nanoscale oligonucleotide assemblies with unique physical, chemical, and biological properties different from their building blocks. Following simple Watson-Crick base-pairing rules, arbitrary DNA frameworks with diverse shapes, sizes, and dimensions can be prepared with high reproducibility and stability. The programmable assembly of nucleic acids into FNAs presents a highly controllable model for nano-bio interaction studies and allows for scrutiny of "nanostructure-activity relationships." Herein, we present an overview of the recent progress of FNAs in the hope of deepening our understanding of nano-bio interfacing. By investigating various FNAs, we summarize their biological profiles and immune responses as functions of their shape, sizes, and surface charges. We then highlight recent efforts of applying FNAs for biomedical applications and discuss the challenges of FNAs for potential clinical translation. We believe that this mini-review can bring up-to-date information on FNA and shed light on how their design may be harnessed for selective biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College, Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHINA
| | - Qingyao Liu
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College, Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHINA
| | - Xiaoli Lan
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College, Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHINA
| | - Dawei Jiang
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Department of Nuclear Medicine, 1277 Jiefang Ave., 430022, Wuhan, CHINA
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91
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Wang C, Xu Y, Zhao X, Li S, Qian Q, Wang W, Mi X. A double-tetrahedral DNA framework based electrochemical biosensor for ultrasensitive detection and release of circulating tumor cells. Analyst 2021; 146:6474-6481. [PMID: 34585683 DOI: 10.1039/d1an01470f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Detecting circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in patients' blood is essential for early diagnosis, precise treatment and prognosis of cancer. Yet due to CTCs being extremely rare in the peripheral blood of patients, it is still a challenge to detect CTCs with high sensitivity and high selectivity. Here, we developed a double-tetrahedral DNA framework (DTDF) based electrochemical biosensor system (E-CTC sensor system) for ultrasensitive detection and release of CTCs. In this work, an upright tetrahedral DNA framework (UTDF) was used as a rigid scaffold to modify a screen-printed gold electrode (SPGE), and an inverted tetrahedral DNA framework (ITDF) provided three vertex chains to multivalently bind with aptamers. Meanwhile, a streptavidin tagged horseradish peroxidase homopolymer (SA-polyHRP) was linked to biotin-modified aptamers to significantly amplify the signal. Moreover, the captured CTCs could be effectively released via benzonase nuclease with little cell damage. Our E-CTC sensor system achieved a linear range from 1 to 105 MCF-7 cells with an ultralow detection limit of 1 cell. The release efficiency reached 88.1%-97.6% and the viability of the released cells reached up to 98%. We also detected the MCF-7 cells in mimic whole blood samples, suggesting that the E-CTC sensor system shows promise for use in clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenguang Wang
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China.
| | - Shuainai Li
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiuling Qian
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Shanghai Pudong New District Zhoupu Hospital (Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital), Shanghai 201318, China.
| | - Xianqiang Mi
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China. .,CAS Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics (CENSE), Shanghai 200050, China.,Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 310024 Hangzhou, China
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92
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Kong D, Wang X, Gu C, Guo M, Wang Y, Ai Z, Zhang S, Chen Y, Liu W, Wu Y, Dai C, Guo Q, Qu D, Zhu Z, Xie Y, Liu Y, Wei D. Direct SARS-CoV-2 Nucleic Acid Detection by Y-Shaped DNA Dual-Probe Transistor Assay. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:17004-17014. [PMID: 34623792 PMCID: PMC8524959 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c06325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Rapid screening of infected individuals from a large population is an effective means in epidemiology, especially to contain outbreaks such as COVID-19. The gold standard assays for COVID-19 diagnostics are mainly based on the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, which mismatches the requirements for wide-population screening due to time-consuming nucleic acid extraction and amplification procedures. Here, we report a direct nucleic acid assay by using a graphene field-effect transistor (g-FET) with Y-shaped DNA dual probes (Y-dual probes). The assay relies on Y-dual probes modified on g-FET simultaneously targeting ORF1ab and N genes of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid, enabling high a recognition ratio and a limit of detection (0.03 copy μL-1) 1-2 orders of magnitude lower than existing nucleic acid assays. The assay realizes the fastest nucleic acid testing (∼1 min) and achieves direct 5-in-1 pooled testing for the first time. Owing to its rapid, ultrasensitive, easily operated features as well as capability in pooled testing, it holds great promise as a comprehensive tool for population-wide screening of COVID-19 and other epidemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derong Kong
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of
Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Institute
of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan
University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xuejun Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of
Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Institute
of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan
University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Chenjian Gu
- Key
Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), Department
of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical
Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan
University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Mingquan Guo
- Department
of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), Department
of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical
Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan
University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhaolin Ai
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of
Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Institute
of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan
University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Shen Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of
Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Institute
of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan
University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yiheng Chen
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of
Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Institute
of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan
University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wentao Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of
Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Institute
of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan
University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yungen Wu
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of
Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Institute
of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan
University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Changhao Dai
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of
Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Institute
of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan
University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Qianying Guo
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of
Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Institute
of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan
University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Di Qu
- Key
Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), Department
of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical
Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan
University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhaoqin Zhu
- Department
of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Youhua Xie
- Key
Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), Department
of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical
Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan
University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yunqi Liu
- Institute
of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan
University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Institute
of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Dacheng Wei
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of
Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Institute
of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan
University, Shanghai 200433, China
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93
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Liu T, Wu X, Xu H, Ma Q, Du Q, Yuan Q, Gao P, Xia F. Revealing Ionic Signal Enhancement with Probe Grafting Density on the Outer Surface of Nanochannels. Anal Chem 2021; 93:13054-13062. [PMID: 34519478 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Probe-modified nanopores/nanochannels are one of the most advanced sensors because the probes interact strongly with ions and targets in nanoconfinement and create a sensitive and selective ionic signal. Recently, ionic signals have been demonstrated to be sensitive to the probe-target interaction on the outer surface of nanopores/nanochannels, which can offer more open space for target recognition and signal conversion than nanoconfined cavities. To enhance the ionic signal, we investigated the effect of grafting density, a critical parameter of the sensing interface, of the probe on the outer surface of nanochannels on the change rate of the ionic signal before and after target recognition (β). Electroneutral peptide nucleic acids and negatively charged DNA are selected as probes and targets, respectively. The experimental results showed that when adding the same number of targets, the β value increased with the probe grafting density on the outer surface. A theoretical model with clearly defined physical properties of each probe and target has been established. Numerical simulations suggest that the decrease of the background current and the aggregation of targets at the mouth of nanochannels with increasing probe grafting density contribute to this enhancement. This work reveals the signal mechanism of probe-target recognition on the outer surface of nanochannels and suggests a general approach to the nanochannel/nanopore design leading to sensitivity improvement on the basis of relatively good selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianle Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Hongquan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Qun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Qiujiao Du
- School of Mathematics and Physics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Quan Yuan
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410000, P. R. China
| | - Pengcheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Fan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
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94
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Design of a cost-effective inverted tetrahedral DNA nanostructure – Based interfacial probe for electrochemical biosensing with enhanced performance. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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95
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Ping J, Qi L, Wang Q, Liu S, Jiang Y, Yu L, Lin JM, Hu Q. An integrated liquid crystal sensing device assisted by the surfactant-embedded smart hydrogel. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 187:113313. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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96
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Liu N, Wu Q, Liu Y, Li J, Ji P, Fu G. Application of Nanomaterials in the Treatment and Diagnosis of Ophthalmology Diseases. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 16:95-103. [PMID: 32039688 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x15666200210104449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Eye diseases often lead to impaired vision and seriously affect the daily life of patients. Local administration of ophthalmic drugs is one of the most important approaches for the treatment of ophthalmic diseases. However, due to the special biochemical environment of the ocular tissue and the existence of many barriers, the bioavailability of conventional ophthalmic preparations in the eye is very low. Nanomaterials can be utilized as carriers of drugs, which can improve the absorption, distribution, metabolism and bioavailability of drugs in eyes. Nanomaterials have also the advantages of small size, simple preparation, good degradability, strong targeting, and little stimulation to biological tissues, providing an innovative and practical method for the drug delivery of ophthalmic diseases. In addition, nanomaterials can be used as an auxiliary means for early diagnosis of ophthalmic diseases by improving the specificity and accuracy of detection methods. Nanomaterials help clinicians and researchers delve deeper into the physiology and pathology of the eye at the nanoscale. We summarize the application of nanomaterials in the diagnosis and treatment of ophthalmic diseases in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanxin Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Qingqing Wu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Yunfei Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Jiao Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Ping Ji
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Gang Fu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing 401120, China
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97
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Huang Y, Zhao S, Zhang W, Duan Q, Yan Q, Fu H, Zhong L, Yi G. Multifunctional electrochemical biosensor with "tetrahedral tripods" assisted multiple tandem hairpins assembly for ultra-sensitive detection of target DNA. RSC Adv 2021; 11:20046-20056. [PMID: 35479883 PMCID: PMC9033681 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra02424h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleic acids are genetic materials in the human body that play important roles in storing, copying, and transmitting genetic information. Abnormal nucleic acid sequences, base mutations, and genetic changes often lead to cancer and other diseases. Meanwhile, methylated DNA is one of the main epigenetic modifications, which is considered to be an excellent biomarker in the early detection, prognosis, and treatment of cancers. Therefore, a multifunctional electrochemical biosensor was constructed with sturdy tetrahedral tripods, which assisted multiple tandem hairpins through base complementary pairing and effective ultra-sensitive detection of targets (DNA, microRNA, and methylated DNA). In the experiments, experimental conditions were optimized, and different DNA concentrations in serum were detected to verify the sensitivity of the biosensor and the feasibility of this protocol. In addition, microRNA and DNA methylation were detected through different designs of tetrahedral tripods (TTs) that capture probes to prove the superiority of this scheme. A sturdy pyramid structure of TTs extremely enhanced the capture efficiency of targets. The targets triggered the one-step isothermal multi-tandem amplification reaction by incubating multiple hairpin assemblies. To our knowledge, a combination of two parts, which greatly reduced background interference and decreased non-specific substance interference, has appeared for the first time in this paper. Moreover, the load area of electrochemical substances was significantly increased than that in previous studies. This greatly increased the detection range and detection limit of targets. The electrochemical signal responses were generated in freely diffusing hexaammineruthenium(iii) chloride (RuHex). RuHex could adhere to the DNA phosphate backbone by a powerful electrostatic attraction, causing increased current responses. Schematic illustration of the fabricated electrochemical biosensor. TTs assisted multiple tandem hairpins assembly for ultra-sensitive detection of target DNA.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics of Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 400016 PR China
| | - Shuhui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics of Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 400016 PR China
| | - Wenxiu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics of Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 400016 PR China
| | - Qiuyue Duan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics of Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 400016 PR China
| | - Qi Yan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics of Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 400016 PR China
| | - Hu Fu
- Clinical Laboratory of Chengdu First People's Hospital Chengdu 610000 PR China
| | - Liang Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics of Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 400016 PR China
| | - Gang Yi
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics of Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 400016 PR China
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98
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Zhao G, Liu Y, Du J, Zhang H, Feng H, Lu X. Application of tetrahedral -deoxyribonucleic acid electrochemistry platform coupling aptazymes and hybridized hairpin reactions for the measurement of extracellular adenosine triphosphate in plants. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1172:338681. [PMID: 34119022 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular ATP (eATP) is an important biological signal transduction molecule. Although a variety of detection methods have been extensively used in ATP sensing and analysis, accurate detection of eATP remains difficult due to its extremely low concentration and spatiotemporal distribution. Here, an eATP measurement strategy based on tetrahedral DNA (T-DNA)-modified electrode sensing platform and hybridization chain reaction (HCR) combined with G-quadruplex/Hemin (G4/Hemin) DNAzyme dual signal amplification is proposed. In this strategy, ATP aptamer and RNA-cleaving DNAzyme were combined to form a split aptazyme. In the presence of ATP, this aptazyme hydrolyzes the cleaving substrate strand with high selectivity, releasing cleaved ssDNA, which are captured by the T-DNA assembled on the electrode surface, triggering an HCR on the electrode surface to form numerous linker sequences of the HCR dsDNA product. When G-quadruplex@AuNPs (G4) spherical nucleic acid enzymes (SNAzymes) with other linkers are used as nanocatalyst tags, they are captured by HCR dsDNA through sticky linkers present on the electrode surface. An amplified electrochemical redox current signal is generated through SNAzyme-mediated catalysis of H2O2, enabling easy detection of picomole amounts of ATP. Using this strategy, eATP levels released by tobacco suspension cells were accurately measured and the distribution and concentration of eATP released on the surface of an Arabidopsis leaf was determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyan Zhao
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Yongmei Liu
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Jie Du
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China.
| | - Huizi Zhang
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Hanqing Feng
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China.
| | - Xiaoquan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China.
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99
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Ai Z, Wang L, Guo Q, Kong D, Wu Y, Liu Y, Wei D. Short-wavelength ultraviolet dosimeters based on DNA nanostructure-modified graphene field-effect transistors. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:5071-5074. [PMID: 33889878 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc01851e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Direct and sensitive short-wavelength ultraviolet (UVC) dosimeters could provide a safer disinfection environment against viruses. We developed direct, quantitative, specific and highly sensitive UVC dosimeters based on DNA nanostructure-modified graphene field-effect transistors. Detectable doses of the dosimeters range from 0.005 to 6 kJ m-2 and such dosimeters have at least 5 times better sensitivity than the current direct UV dosimeters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaolin Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China. and Institute of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Liqian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China. and Institute of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Qianying Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China. and Institute of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Derong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China. and Institute of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yungen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China. and Institute of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yunqi Liu
- Institute of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Dacheng Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China. and Institute of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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100
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Zhou S, Yang Y, Wu Y, Liu S. Review: Multiplexed profiling of biomarkers in extracellular vesicles for cancer diagnosis and therapy monitoring. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1175:338633. [PMID: 34330441 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoscale vesicles secreted by normal and pathological cells. The types and levels of surface proteins and internal nucleic acids in EVs are closely related to their original cells, tumor occurrence, and development. Thus, the sensitive and accurate detection of EV biomarkers is a reliable approach for noninvasive disease diagnosis and treatment response monitoring. However, the purification and molecular profiling of these EVs are technically challenging. Much effort has been dedicated to developing new methods for the detection of multiple EV biomarkers. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in EV protein and nucleic acid biomarker analysis. Additionally, we systematically discuss the advantages of multiplexed EV biomarker detection for accurate cancer diagnosis, therapy monitoring, and cancer screening. This article aims to present an overview of all kinds of analytical technologies for assessing EVs and their applications in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Zhou
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Yao Yang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Yafeng Wu
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China.
| | - Songqin Liu
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China.
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