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Saha P, Sharma S, Korutla L, Datla SR, Shoja-Taheri F, Mishra R, Bigham GE, Sarkar M, Morales D, Bittle G, Gunasekaran M, Ambastha C, Arfat MY, Li D, Habertheuer A, Hu R, Platt MO, Yang P, Davis ME, Vallabhajosyula P, Kaushal S. Circulating exosomes derived from transplanted progenitor cells aid the functional recovery of ischemic myocardium. Sci Transl Med 2020; 11:11/493/eaau1168. [PMID: 31118291 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aau1168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The stem cell field is hindered by its inability to noninvasively monitor transplanted cells within the target organ in a repeatable, time-sensitive, and condition-specific manner. We hypothesized that quantifying and characterizing transplanted cell-derived exosomes in the recipient plasma would enable reliable, noninvasive surveillance of the conditional activity of the transplanted cells. To test this hypothesis, we used a human-into-rat xenogeneic myocardial infarction model comparing two well-studied progenitor cell types: cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs) and c-kit+ cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs), both derived from the right atrial appendage of adults undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass. CPCs outperformed the CDCs in cell-based and in vivo regenerative assays. To noninvasively monitor the activity of transplanted CDCs or CPCs in vivo, we purified progenitor cell-specific exosomes from recipient total plasma exosomes. Seven days after transplantation, the concentration of plasma CPC-specific exosomes increased about twofold compared to CDC-specific exosomes. Computational pathway analysis failed to link CPC or CDC cellular messenger RNA (mRNA) with observed myocardial recovery, although recovery was linked to the microRNA (miRNA) cargo of CPC exosomes purified from recipient plasma. We further identified mechanistic pathways governing specific outcomes related to myocardial recovery associated with transplanted CPCs. Collectively, these findings demonstrate the potential of circulating progenitor cell-specific exosomes as a liquid biopsy that provides a noninvasive window into the conditional state of the transplanted cells. These data implicate the surveillance potential of cell-specific exosomes for allogeneic cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Progyaparamita Saha
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Sudhish Sharma
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Laxminarayana Korutla
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Srinivasa Raju Datla
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Farnaz Shoja-Taheri
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering and Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Rachana Mishra
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Grace E Bigham
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Malini Sarkar
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - David Morales
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Gregory Bittle
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Muthukumar Gunasekaran
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Chetan Ambastha
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Mir Yasir Arfat
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Deqiang Li
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Andreas Habertheuer
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Robert Hu
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Manu O Platt
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering and Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Peixin Yang
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Michael E Davis
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering and Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | | | - Sunjay Kaushal
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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52
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Kang IS, Suh J, Lee MN, Lee C, Jin J, Lee C, Yang YI, Jang Y, Oh GT. Characterization of human cardiac mesenchymal stromal cells and their extracellular vesicles comparing with human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells. BMB Rep 2020. [PMID: 31964470 PMCID: PMC7061210 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2020.53.2.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac regeneration with adult stem-cell (ASC) therapy is a promising field to address advanced cardiovascular diseases. In addition, extracellular vesicles (EVs) from ASCs have been implicated in acting as paracrine factors to improve cardiac functions in ASC therapy. In our work, we isolated human cardiac mesenchymal stromal cells (h-CMSCs) by means of three-dimensional organ culture (3D culture) during ex vivo expansion of cardiac tissue, to compare the functional efficacy with human bone-marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (h-BM-MSCs), one of the actively studied ASCs. We characterized the h-CMSCs as CD90low, c-kitnegative, CD105positive phenotype and these cells express NANOG, SOX2, and GATA4. To identify the more effective type of EVs for angiogenesis among the different sources of ASCs, we isolated EVs which were derived from CMSCs with either normoxic or hypoxic condition and BM-MSCs. Our in vitro tube-formation results demonstrated that the angiogenic effects of EVs from hypoxia-treated CMSCs (CMSC-Hpx EVs) were greater than the well-known effects of EVs from BM-MSCs (BM-MSC EVs), and these were even comparable to human vascular endothelial growth factor (hVEGF), a potent angiogenic factor. Therefore, we present here that CD90lowc-kitnegativeCD105positive CMSCs under hypoxic conditions secrete functionally superior EVs for in vitro angiogenesis. Our findings will allow more insights on understanding myocardial repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- In Sook Kang
- The Graduate School, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722; Department of Internal Medicine, Mokdong Hospital, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07804, Korea
| | - Joowon Suh
- Department of Life Sciences and College of Natural Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Mi-Ni Lee
- Department of Life Sciences and College of Natural Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Chaeyoung Lee
- Department of Life Sciences and College of Natural Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea; Faculty of Arts and Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Jing Jin
- Department of Life Sciences and College of Natural Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Changjin Lee
- Department of Life Sciences and College of Natural Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Young Il Yang
- Paik Institute for Clinical Research, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 47392, Korea
| | - Yangsoo Jang
- The Graduate School, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722; Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Goo Taeg Oh
- Department of Life Sciences and College of Natural Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
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53
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Mazzola M, Di Pasquale E. Toward Cardiac Regeneration: Combination of Pluripotent Stem Cell-Based Therapies and Bioengineering Strategies. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:455. [PMID: 32528940 PMCID: PMC7266938 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases represent the major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Multiple studies have been conducted so far in order to develop treatments able to prevent the progression of these pathologies. Despite progress made in the last decade, current therapies are still hampered by poor translation into actual clinical applications. The major drawback of such strategies is represented by the limited regenerative capacity of the cardiac tissue. Indeed, after an ischaemic insult, the formation of fibrotic scar takes place, interfering with mechanical and electrical functions of the heart. Hence, the ability of the heart to recover after ischaemic injury depends on several molecular and cellular pathways, and the imbalance between them results into adverse remodeling, culminating in heart failure. In this complex scenario, a new chapter of regenerative medicine has been opened over the past 20 years with the discovery of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). These cells share the same characteristic of embryonic stem cells (ESCs), but are generated from patient-specific somatic cells, overcoming the ethical limitations related to ESC use and providing an autologous source of human cells. Similarly to ESCs, iPSCs are able to efficiently differentiate into cardiomyocytes (CMs), and thus hold a real regenerative potential for future clinical applications. However, cell-based therapies are subjected to poor grafting and may cause adverse effects in the failing heart. Thus, over the last years, bioengineering technologies focused their attention on the improvement of both survival and functionality of iPSC-derived CMs. The combination of these two fields of study has burst the development of cell-based three-dimensional (3D) structures and organoids which mimic, more realistically, the in vivo cell behavior. Toward the same path, the possibility to directly induce conversion of fibroblasts into CMs has recently emerged as a promising area for in situ cardiac regeneration. In this review we provide an up-to-date overview of the latest advancements in the application of pluripotent stem cells and tissue-engineering for therapeutically relevant cardiac regenerative approaches, aiming to highlight outcomes, limitations and future perspectives for their clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Mazzola
- Stem Cell Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Elisa Di Pasquale
- Stem Cell Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy.,Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB) - UOS of Milan, National Research Council (CNR), Milan, Italy
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54
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Park TY, Oh JM, Cho JS, Sim SB, Lee J, Cha HJ. Stem cell-loaded adhesive immiscible liquid for regeneration of myocardial infarction. J Control Release 2020; 321:602-615. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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55
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Turner D, Rieger AC, Balkan W, Hare JM. Clinical-based Cell Therapies for Heart Disease-Current and Future State. Rambam Maimonides Med J 2020; 11:RMMJ.10401. [PMID: 32374254 PMCID: PMC7202446 DOI: 10.5041/rmmj.10401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients have an ongoing unmet need for effective therapies that reverse the cellular and functional damage associated with heart damage and disease. The discovery that ~1%-2% of adult cardiomyocytes turn over per year provided the impetus for treatments that stimulate endogenous repair mechanisms that augment this rate. Preclinical and clinical studies provide evidence that cell-based therapy meets these therapeutic criteria. Recent and ongoing studies are focused on determining which cell type(s) works best for specific patient population(s) and the mechanism(s) by which these cells promote repair. Here we review clinical and preclinical stem cell studies and anticipate future directions of regenerative medicine for heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren Turner
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Angela C. Rieger
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Wayne Balkan
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Joshua M. Hare
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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56
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Analyzing Impetus of Regenerative Cellular Therapeutics in Myocardial Infarction. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9051277. [PMID: 32354170 PMCID: PMC7287592 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9051277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Both vasculature and myocardium in the heart are excessively damaged following myocardial infarction (MI), hence therapeutic strategies for treating MI hearts should concurrently aim for true cardiac repair by introducing new cardiomyocytes to replace lost or injured ones. Of them, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have long been considered a promising candidate for cell-based therapy due to their unspecialized, proliferative differentiation potential to specific cell lineage and, most importantly, their capacity of secreting beneficial paracrine factors which further promote neovascularization, angiogenesis, and cell survival. As a consequence, the differentiated MSCs could multiply and replace the damaged tissues to and turn into tissue- or organ-specific cells with specialized functions. These cells are also known to release potent anti-fibrotic factors including matrix metalloproteinases, which inhibit the proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts, thereby attenuating fibrosis. To achieve the highest possible therapeutic efficacy of stem cells, the other interventions, including hydrogels, electrical stimulations, or platelet-derived biomaterials, have been supplemented, which have resulted in a narrow to broad range of outcomes. Therefore, this article comprehensively analyzed the progress made in stem cells and combinatorial therapies to rescue infarcted myocardium.
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57
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Huang K, Ozpinar EW, Su T, Tang J, Shen D, Qiao L, Hu S, Li Z, Liang H, Mathews K, Scharf V, Freytes DO, Cheng K. An off-the-shelf artificial cardiac patch improves cardiac repair after myocardial infarction in rats and pigs. Sci Transl Med 2020; 12:eaat9683. [PMID: 32269164 PMCID: PMC7293901 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aat9683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cell therapy has been a promising strategy for cardiac repair after injury or infarction; however, low retention and engraftment of transplanted cells limit potential therapeutic efficacy. Seeding scaffold material with cells to create cardiac patches that are transplanted onto the surface of the heart can overcome these limitations. However, because patches need to be freshly prepared to maintain cell viability, long-term storage is not feasible and limits clinical applicability. Here, we developed an off-the-shelf therapeutic cardiac patch composed of a decellularized porcine myocardial extracellular matrix scaffold and synthetic cardiac stromal cells (synCSCs) generated by encapsulating secreted factors from isolated human cardiac stromal cells. This fully acellular artificial cardiac patch (artCP) maintained its potency after long-term cryopreservation. In a rat model of acute myocardial infarction, transplantation of the artCP supported cardiac recovery by reducing scarring, promoting angiomyogenesis, and boosting cardiac function. The safety and efficacy of the artCP were further confirmed in a porcine model of myocardial infarction. The artCP is a clinically feasible, easy-to-store, and cell-free alternative to myocardial repair using cell-based cardiac patches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Huang
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Emily W Ozpinar
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Teng Su
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Junnan Tang
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Deliang Shen
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Li Qiao
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Shiqi Hu
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Zhenhua Li
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Hongxia Liang
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Kyle Mathews
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Department of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Valery Scharf
- Department of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Donald O Freytes
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Ke Cheng
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA.
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Department of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
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58
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Nazari-Shafti TZ, Exarchos V, Biefer HRC, Cesarovic N, Meyborg H, Falk V, Emmert MY. MicroRNA Mediated Cardioprotection - Is There a Path to Clinical Translation? Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:149. [PMID: 32266222 PMCID: PMC7099408 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past 20 years, there have been several approaches to achieve cardioprotection or cardiac regeneration using a vast variety of cell therapies and remote ischemic pre-conditioning (RIPC). To date, substantial proof that either cell therapy or RIPC has the potential for clinically relevant cardiac repair or regeneration of cardiac tissue is still pending. Preclinical trials indicate that the secretome of cells in situ (during RIPC) as well as of transplanted cells may exhibit cardioprotective properties in the acute setting of cardiac injury. The secretome generally consists of cell-specific cytokines and extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing microRNAs (miRNAs). It is currently hypothesized that a subset of known miRNAs play a crucial part in the facilitation of cardioprotective effects. miRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules that inhibit post-transcriptional translation of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and play an important role in gene translation regulation. It is also known that one miRNAs usually targets multiple mRNAs. This makes predictability of pharmacokinetics and mechanism of action very difficult and could in part explain the inferior performance of various progenitor cells in clinical studies. Identification of miRNAs involved in cardioprotection and remodeling, the composition of miRNA profiles, and the exact mechanism of action are important to the design of future cell-based but also cell-free cardioprotective therapeutics. This review will give a description of miRNA with cardioprotective properties and a current overview on known mechanism of action and potential missing links. Additionally, we will give an outlook on the potential for clinical translation of miRNAs in the setting of myocardial infarction and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Z Nazari-Shafti
- Department for Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, German Heart Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-und Kreislauferkrankungen, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vasileios Exarchos
- Department for Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, German Heart Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Héctor Rodriguez Cetina Biefer
- Department for Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, German Heart Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nikola Cesarovic
- Department for Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, German Heart Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Heike Meyborg
- Department for Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, German Heart Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Volkmar Falk
- Department for Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, German Heart Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-und Kreislauferkrankungen, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maximilian Y Emmert
- Department for Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, German Heart Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-und Kreislauferkrankungen, Berlin, Germany.,Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Wyss Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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59
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Arrell DK, Rosenow CS, Yamada S, Behfar A, Terzic A. Cardiopoietic stem cell therapy restores infarction-altered cardiac proteome. NPJ Regen Med 2020; 5:5. [PMID: 32194990 PMCID: PMC7067830 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-020-0091-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiopoietic stem cells have reached advanced clinical testing for ischemic heart failure. To profile their molecular influence on recipient hearts, systems proteomics was here applied in a chronic model of infarction randomized with and without human cardiopoietic stem cell treatment. Multidimensional label-free tandem mass spectrometry resolved and quantified 3987 proteins constituting the cardiac proteome. Infarction altered 450 proteins, reduced to 283 by stem cell treatment. Notably, cell therapy non-stochastically reversed a majority of infarction-provoked changes, remediating 85% of disease-affected protein clusters. Pathway and network analysis decoded functional reorganization, distinguished by prioritization of vasculogenesis, cardiac development, organ regeneration, and differentiation. Subproteome restoration nullified adverse ischemic effects, validated by echo-/electro-cardiographic documentation of improved cardiac chamber size, reduced QT prolongation and augmented ejection fraction post-cell therapy. Collectively, cardiopoietic stem cell intervention transitioned infarcted hearts from a cardiomyopathic trajectory towards pre-disease. Systems proteomics thus offers utility to delineate and interpret complex molecular regenerative outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Kent Arrell
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
- Marriott Heart Disease Research Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
- Van Cleve Cardiac Regenerative Medicine Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Christian S. Rosenow
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
- Marriott Heart Disease Research Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
- Van Cleve Cardiac Regenerative Medicine Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Satsuki Yamada
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
- Marriott Heart Disease Research Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
- Van Cleve Cardiac Regenerative Medicine Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
- Division of Geriatric Medicine & Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Atta Behfar
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
- Marriott Heart Disease Research Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
- Van Cleve Cardiac Regenerative Medicine Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Andre Terzic
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
- Marriott Heart Disease Research Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
- Van Cleve Cardiac Regenerative Medicine Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
- Department of Medical Genetics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
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60
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Tsintou M, Dalamagkas K, Makris N. Taking central nervous system regenerative therapies to the clinic: curing rodents versus nonhuman primates versus humans. Neural Regen Res 2020; 15:425-437. [PMID: 31571651 PMCID: PMC6921352 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.266048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The central nervous system is known to have limited regenerative capacity. Not only does this halt the human body's reparative processes after central nervous system lesions, but it also impedes the establishment of effective and safe therapeutic options for such patients. Despite the high prevalence of stroke and spinal cord injury in the general population, these conditions remain incurable and place a heavy burden on patients' families and on society more broadly. Neuroregeneration and neural engineering are diverse biomedical fields that attempt reparative treatments, utilizing stem cells-based strategies, biologically active molecules, nanotechnology, exosomes and highly tunable biodegradable systems (e.g., certain hydrogels). Although there are studies demonstrating promising preclinical results, safe clinical translation has not yet been accomplished. A key gap in clinical translation is the absence of an ideal animal or ex vivo model that can perfectly simulate the human microenvironment, and also correspond to all the complex pathophysiological and neuroanatomical factors that affect functional outcomes in humans after central nervous system injury. Such an ideal model does not currently exist, but it seems that the nonhuman primate model is uniquely qualified for this role, given its close resemblance to humans. This review considers some regenerative therapies for central nervous system repair that hold promise for future clinical translation. In addition, it attempts to uncover some of the main reasons why clinical translation might fail without the implementation of nonhuman primate models in the research pipeline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalini Tsintou
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology Services, Center for Neural Systems Investigations, Center for Morphometric Analysis, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- University College of London Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, Center for Nanotechnology & Regenerative Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Kyriakos Dalamagkas
- University College of London Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, Center for Nanotechnology & Regenerative Medicine, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- The Institute for Rehabilitation and Research Memorial Hermann Research Center, The Institute for Rehabilitation and Research Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nikos Makris
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology Services, Center for Neural Systems Investigations, Center for Morphometric Analysis, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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61
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Chen H, Xia W, Hou M. LncRNA-NEAT1 from the competing endogenous RNA network promotes cardioprotective efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes induced by macrophage migration inhibitory factor via the miR-142-3p/FOXO1 signaling pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:31. [PMID: 31964409 PMCID: PMC6975066 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-1556-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Extracellular vesicles, especially exosomes, have emerged as key mediators of intercellular communication with the potential to improve cardiac function as part of cell-based therapies. We previously demonstrated that the cardioprotective factor, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), had an optimizing effect on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The aim of this study was to determine the protective function of exosomes derived from MIF-pretreated MSCs in cardiomyocytes and to explore the underlying mechanisms. Methods and results Exosomes were isolated from control MSCs (exosome) and MIF-pretreated MSCs (exosomeMIF), and delivered to cardiomyocytes subjected to H2O2 in vitro. Regulatory long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) activated by MIF pretreatment were explored using genomics approaches. ExosomeMIF protected cardiomyocytes from H2O2-induced apoptosis. Mechanistically, we identified lncRNA-NEAT1 as a mediator of exosomeMIF by regulating the expression of miR-142-3p and activating Forkhead class O1 (FOXO1). The cardioprotective effects of exosomeMIF were consistently abrogated by depletion of lncRNA-NEAT1, by overexpression of miR-142-3p, or by FOXO1 silencing. Furthermore, exosomeMIF inhibited H2O2-induced apoptosis through modulating oxidative stress. Conclusions Exosomes obtained from MIF-pretreated MSCs have a protective effect on cardiomyocytes. The lncRNA-NEAT1 functions as an anti-apoptotic molecule via competitive endogenous RNA activity towards miR-142-3p. LncRNA-NEAT1/miR-142-3p/FOXO1 at least partially mediates the cardioprotective roles of exosomeMIF in protecting cardiomyocytes from apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanbin Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, No. 2 Fuxue Lane, Wenzhou, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenzheng Xia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Hou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, No. 2 Fuxue Lane, Wenzhou, 325000, People's Republic of China.
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Cardiac Regeneration and Repair: From Mechanisms to Therapeutic Strategies. CONCEPTS AND APPLICATIONS OF STEM CELL BIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-43939-2_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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63
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Constantinides C. Is There Preclinical and Clinical Value for 19F MRI in Stem Cell Cardiac Regeneration? Cell Transplant 2020; 29:963689720954434. [PMID: 33000632 PMCID: PMC7784514 DOI: 10.1177/0963689720954434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular regeneration aims to renew damaged or necrotic tissue and to enhance cardiac functional performance. Despite the hope arisen from the introduction and use of stem cells (SCs) as a novel cardiac regenerative approach, to-this-date, clinical trial findings are still ambivalent despite preclinical successes. Concurrently, noninvasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) advances have been based on nanotechnological breakthroughs that have (a) allowed fluorinated nanoparticles and ultrasmall iron oxide single-cell labeling, (b) explored imaging detection sensitivity limits (for preclinical/low-field clinical settings), and (c) accomplished cellular tracking in vivo. Nevertheless, outcomes have been far from ideal. Herein, the recently developed preclinical and clinical 1H and 19F MRI approaches for direct cardiac SC labeling techniques intended for cellular implantation and their potential for tracking these cells in health and infarcted states are summarized. To this extent, the potential preclinical and clinical values of 19F MRI and tracking of SCs for cardiac regeneration in myocardial infarction are questioned and challenged.
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Embryonic Stem Cells in Clinical Trials: Current Overview of Developments and Challenges. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1312:19-37. [PMID: 33159303 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2020_592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The first isolation of human embryonic stem cells (hESC) reported in the late 90s opened a new window to promising possibilities in the fields of human developmental biology and regenerative medicine. Subsequently, the differentiation of hESC lines into different precursor cells showed their potential in treating different incurable diseases. However, this promising field has consistently had remarkable ethical and experimental limitations. This paper is a review of clinical trial studies dealing with hESC and their advantages, limitations, and other specific concerns. Some of the hESC limitations have been solved, and several clinical trial studies are ongoing so that recent clinical trials have strived to improve the clinical applications of hESC, especially in macular degeneration and neurodegenerative diseases. However, regarding hESC-based therapy, several important issues need more research and discussion. Despite considerable studies to Date, hESC-based therapy is not available for conventional clinical applications, and more studies and data are needed to overcome current clinical and ethical limitations. When all the limitations of Embryonic stem cells (ESC) are wholly resolved, perhaps hESC can become superior to the existing stem cell sources. This overview will be beneficial for understanding the standard and promising applications of cell and tissue-based therapeutic approaches and for developing novel therapeutic applications of hESC.
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65
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Witman N, Zhou C, Grote Beverborg N, Sahara M, Chien KR. Cardiac progenitors and paracrine mediators in cardiogenesis and heart regeneration. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2019; 100:29-51. [PMID: 31862220 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian hearts have the least regenerative capabilities among tissues and organs. As such, heart regeneration has been and continues to be the ultimate goal in the treatment against acquired and congenital heart diseases. Uncovering such a long-awaited therapy is still extremely challenging in the current settings. On the other hand, this desperate need for effective heart regeneration has developed various forms of modern biotechnologies in recent years. These involve the transplantation of pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiac progenitors or cardiomyocytes generated in vitro and novel biochemical molecules along with tissue engineering platforms. Such newly generated technologies and approaches have been shown to effectively proliferate cardiomyocytes and promote heart repair in the diseased settings, albeit mainly preclinically. These novel tools and medicines give somehow credence to breaking down the barriers associated with re-building heart muscle. However, in order to maximize efficacy and achieve better clinical outcomes through these cell-based and/or cell-free therapies, it is crucial to understand more deeply the developmental cellular hierarchies/paths and molecular mechanisms in normal or pathological cardiogenesis. Indeed, the morphogenetic process of mammalian cardiac development is highly complex and spatiotemporally regulated by various types of cardiac progenitors and their paracrine mediators. Here we discuss the most recent knowledge and findings in cardiac progenitor cell biology and the major cardiogenic paracrine mediators in the settings of cardiogenesis, congenital heart disease, and heart regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nevin Witman
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Chikai Zhou
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Niels Grote Beverborg
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Makoto Sahara
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, CT, USA.
| | - Kenneth R Chien
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Abstract
The investment of nearly 2 decades of clinical investigation into cardiac cell therapy has yet to change cardiovascular practice. Recent insights into the mechanism of cardiac regeneration help explain these results and provide important context in which we can develop next-generation therapies. Non-contractile cells such as bone marrow or adult heart derivatives neither engraft long-term nor induce new muscle formation. Correspondingly, these cells offer little functional benefit to infarct patients. In contrast, preclinical data indicate that transplantation of bona fide cardiomyocytes derived from pluripotent stem cells induces direct remuscularization. This new myocardium beats synchronously with the host heart and induces substantial contractile benefits in macaque monkeys, suggesting that regeneration of contractile myocardium is required to fully recover function. Through a review of the preclinical and clinical trials of cardiac cell therapy, distinguishing the primary mechanism of benefit as either contractile or non-contractile helps appreciate the barriers to cardiac repair and establishes a rational path to optimizing therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Nakamura
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington
- Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington
- Department of Medicine/Cardiology, University of Washington
| | - Charles E Murry
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington
- Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington
- Department of Medicine/Cardiology, University of Washington
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington
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67
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Wang L, Jia Q, Xinnong C, Xie Y, Yang Y, Zhang A, Liu R, Zhuo Y, Zhang J. Role of cardiac progenitor cell-derived exosome-mediated microRNA-210 in cardiovascular disease. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:7124-7131. [PMID: 31557390 PMCID: PMC6815838 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac progenitor cells are considered to be one of the most promising stem cells for heart regeneration and repair. The cardiac protective effect of CPCs is mainly achieved by reducing tissue damage and/or promoting tissue repair through a paracrine mechanism. Exosome is a factor that plays a major role in the paracrine effect of CPCs. By delivering microRNAs to target cells and regulating their functions, exosomes have shown significant beneficial effects in slowing down cardiac injury and promoting cardiac repair. Among them, miRNA-210 is an important anoxic-related miRNA derived from CPCs exosomes, which has great cardiac protective effect of inhibiting myocardial cell apoptosis, promoting angiogenesis and improving cardiac function. In addition, circulating miR-210 may be a useful biomarker for the prediction or diagnosis of related cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we briefly reviewed the mechanism of miR-210 derived from CPCs exosomes in cardiac protection in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirong Wang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiujin Jia
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Chen Xinnong
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingyu Xie
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yaqian Yang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ao Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Runteng Liu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuan Zhuo
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Junping Zhang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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68
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Yang H, Qin X, Wang H, Zhao X, Liu Y, Wo HT, Liu C, Nishiga M, Chen H, Ge J, Sayed N, Abilez OJ, Ding D, Heilshorn SC, Li K. An in Vivo miRNA Delivery System for Restoring Infarcted Myocardium. ACS NANO 2019; 13:9880-9894. [PMID: 31149806 PMCID: PMC7930012 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b03343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
A major challenge in myocardial infarction (MI)-related heart failure treatment using microRNA is the efficient and sustainable delivery of miRNAs into myocardium to achieve functional improvement through stimulation of intrinsic myocardial restoration. In this study, we established an in vivo delivery system using polymeric nanoparticles to carry miRNA (miNPs) for localized delivery within a shear-thinning injectable hydrogel. The miNPs triggered proliferation of human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells (hESC-CMs and hESC-ECs) and promoted angiogenesis in hypoxic conditions, showing significantly lower cytotoxicity than Lipofectamine. Furthermore, one injected dose of hydrogel/miNP in MI rats demonstrated significantly improved cardiac functions: increased ejection fraction from 45% to 64%, reduced scar size from 20% to 10%, and doubled capillary density in the border zone compared to the control group at 4 weeks. As such, our results indicate that this injectable hydrogel/miNP composite can deliver miRNA to restore injured myocardium efficiently and safely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaxiao Yang
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Corresponding Authors.,
| | - Xulei Qin
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Huiyuan Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Xin Zhao
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Yonggang Liu
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Hung-Ta Wo
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Chun Liu
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Masataka Nishiga
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Haodong Chen
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Jing Ge
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Nazish Sayed
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Oscar J. Abilez
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Dan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Sarah C. Heilshorn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Corresponding Authors.,
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69
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd R Heallen
- Cardiomyocyte Renewal Laboratory, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - James F Martin
- Cardiomyocyte Renewal Laboratory, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA. .,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
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70
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Wong TW, Kan CD, Chiu WT, Fok KL, Ruan YC, Jiang X, Chen J, Kao CC, Chen IY, Lin HC, Chou CH, Lin CW, Yu CK, Tsao S, Lee YP, Chan HC, Wang JN. Progenitor Cells Derived from Drain Waste Product of Open-Heart Surgery in Children. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8071028. [PMID: 31336927 PMCID: PMC6678880 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8071028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Human cardiac progenitor cells isolated from the same host may have advantages over other sources of stem cells. The aim of this study is to establish a new source of human progenitor cells collected from a waste product, pericardiac effusion fluid, after open-heart surgery in children with congenital heart diseases. The fluid was collected every 24 h for 2 days after surgery in 37 children. Mononuclear cells were isolated and expanded in vitro. These pericardial effusion-derived progenitor cells (PEPCs) exhibiting cardiogenic lineage markers, were highly proliferative and enhanced angiogenesis in vitro. Three weeks after stem cell transplantation into the ischemic heart in mice, cardiac ejection fraction was improved significantly without detectable progenitor cells. Gene expression profiles of the repaired hearts revealed activation of several known repair mechanisms including paracrine effects, cell migration, and angiogenesis. These progenitor cells may have the potential for heart regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tak-Wah Wong
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Center of Applied Nanomedicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Dann Kan
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Cardiovascular Research Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Tai Chiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Kin Lam Fok
- Epithelial Cell Biology Research Center, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Ye Chun Ruan
- Epithelial Cell Biology Research Center, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Xiaohua Jiang
- Epithelial Cell Biology Research Center, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Shatin, HongKong
| | - Junjiang Chen
- Epithelial Cell Biology Research Center, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Chiu-Ching Kao
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan
| | - I-Yu Chen
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chun Lin
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsuan Chou
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan
| | - Chou-Wen Lin
- Biomedical Technology and Device Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Liuo-Jia, Tainan 734, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Keung Yu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- National Laboratory Animal Center, National Applied Research Laboratories, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Stephanie Tsao
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ping Lee
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao Chang Chan
- Epithelial Cell Biology Research Center, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Shatin, HongKong
| | - Jieh-Neng Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan.
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Abdelmonem M, Shahin NN, Rashed LA, Amin HAA, Shamaa AA, Shaheen AA. Hydrogen sulfide enhances the effectiveness of mesenchymal stem cell therapy in rats with heart failure: In vitro preconditioning versus in vivo co-delivery. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 112:108584. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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72
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Regenerative Cardiovascular Therapies: Stem Cells and Beyond. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20061420. [PMID: 30901815 PMCID: PMC6470623 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although reperfusion therapy has improved outcomes, acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is still associated with both significant mortality and morbidity. Once irreversible myocardial cell death due to ischemia and reperfusion sets in, scarring leads to reduction in left ventricular function and subsequent heart failure. Regenerative cardiovascular medicine experienced a boost in the early 2000s when regenerative effects of bone marrow stem cells in a murine model of AMI were described. Translation from an animal model to stem cell application in a clinical setting was rapid and the first large trials in humans suffering from AMI were conducted. However, high initial hopes were early shattered by inconsistent results of randomized clinical trials in patients suffering from AMI treated with stem cells. Hence, we provide an overview of both basic science and clinical trials carried out in regenerative cardiovascular therapies. Possible pitfalls in specific cell processing techniques and trial design are discussed as these factors influence both basic science and clinical outcomes. We address possible solutions. Alternative mechanisms and explanations for effects seen in both basic science and some clinical trials are discussed here, with special emphasis on paracrine mechanisms via growth factors, exosomes, and microRNAs. Based on these findings, we propose an outlook in which stem cell therapy, or therapeutic effects associated with stem cell therapy, such as paracrine mechanisms, might play an important role in the future. Optimizing stem cell processing and a better understanding of paracrine signaling as well as its effect on cardioprotection and remodeling after AMI might improve not only AMI research, but also our patients’ outcomes.
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73
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Barzegar M, Kaur G, Gavins FNE, Wang Y, Boyer CJ, Alexander JS. Potential therapeutic roles of stem cells in ischemia-reperfusion injury. Stem Cell Res 2019; 37:101421. [PMID: 30933723 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2019.101421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/RI), produced by an initial interruption of organ blood flow and its subsequent restoration, contributes significantly to the pathophysiologies of stroke, myocardial infarction, renal I/RI, intestinal I/RI and liver I/RI, which are major causes of disability (including transplant failure) and even mortality. While the restoration of blood flow is required to restore oxygen and nutrient requirements, reperfusion often triggers local and systemic inflammatory responses and subsequently elevate the ischemic insult where the duration of ischemia determines the magnitude of I/RI damage. I/RI increases vascular leakage, changes transcriptional and cell death programs, drives leukocyte entrapment and inflammation and oxidative stress in tissues. Therapeutic approaches which reduce complications associated with I/RI are desperately needed to address the clinical and economic burden created by I/RI. Stem cells (SC) represent ubiquitous and uncommitted cell populations with the ability to self-renew and differentiate into one or more developmental 'fates'. Like immune cells, stem cells can home to and penetrate I/R-injured tissues, where they can differentiate into target tissues and induce trophic paracrine signaling which suppress injury and maintain tissue functions perturbed by ischemia-reperfusion. This review article summarizes the present use and possible protective mechanisms underlying stem cell protection in diverse forms of ischemia-reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Barzegar
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - G Kaur
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - F N E Gavins
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - C J Boyer
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - J S Alexander
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA.
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74
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Qasim M, Haq F, Kang MH, Kim JH. 3D printing approaches for cardiac tissue engineering and role of immune modulation in tissue regeneration. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:1311-1333. [PMID: 30863063 PMCID: PMC6388753 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s189587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional tissue engineering, cell therapy, and current medical approaches were shown to be successful in reducing mortality rate and complications caused by cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). But still they have many limitations to fully manage CVDs due to complex composition of native myocardium and microvascularization. Fabrication of fully functional construct to replace infarcted area or regeneration of progenitor cells is important to address CVDs burden. Three-dimensional (3D) printed scaffolds and 3D bioprinting technique have potential to develop fully functional heart construct that can integrate with native tissues rapidly. In this review, we presented an overview of 3D printed approaches for cardiac tissue engineering, and advances in 3D bioprinting of cardiac construct and models. We also discussed role of immune modulation to promote tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Qasim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Humanized Pig Research Centre (SRC), Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea,
| | - Farhan Haq
- Department of Biosciences, Comsats University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Min-Hee Kang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Humanized Pig Research Centre (SRC), Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea,
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Humanized Pig Research Centre (SRC), Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea,
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75
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Exosome in Cardiovascular Diseases: A Complex World Full of Hope. Cells 2019; 8:cells8020166. [PMID: 30781555 PMCID: PMC6406975 DOI: 10.3390/cells8020166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are a subgroup of extracellular vesicles containing a huge number of bioactive molecules. They represent an important means of cell communication, mostly between different cell populations, with the purpose of maintaining tissue homeostasis and coordinating the adaptive response to stress. This type of intercellular communication is important in the cardiovascular field, mainly due to the fact that the heart is a complex multicellular system. Given the growing interest in the role of exosomes in cardiovascular diseases and the numerous studies published in the last few decades, we focused on the most relevant results about exosomes in the cardiovascular filed starting from their characterization, passing through the study of their function, and ending with perspectives for their use in cardiovascular therapies.
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76
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Yadav SK, Mishra PK. Isolation, Characterization, and Differentiation of Cardiac Stem Cells from the Adult Mouse Heart. J Vis Exp 2019. [PMID: 30663680 DOI: 10.3791/58448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality around the world. A major goal of regenerative medicine is to replenish the dead myocardium after MI. Although several strategies have been used to regenerate myocardium, stem cell therapy remains a major approach to replenish the dead myocardium of an MI heart. Accumulating evidence suggests the presence of resident cardiac stem cells (CSCs) in the adult heart and their endocrine and/or paracrine effects on cardiac regeneration. However, CSC isolation and their characterization and differentiation toward myocardial cells, especially cardiomyocytes, remains a technical challenge. In the present study, we provided a simple method for the isolation, characterization, and differentiation of CSCs from the adult mouse heart. Here, we describe a density gradient method for the isolation of CSCs, where the heart is digested by a 0.2% collagenase II solution. To characterize the isolated CSCs, we evaluated the expression of CSCs/cardiac markers Sca-1, NKX2-5, and GATA4, and pluripotency/stemness markers OCT4, SOX2, and Nanog. We also determined the proliferation potential of isolated CSCs by culturing them in a Petri dish and assessing the expression of the proliferation marker Ki-67. For evaluating the differentiation potential of CSCs, we selected seven- to ten-days cultured CSCs. We transferred them to a new plate with a cardiomyocyte differentiation medium. They are incubated in a cell culture incubator for 12 days, while the differentiation medium is changed every three days. The differentiated CSCs express cardiomyocyte-specific markers: actinin and troponin I. Thus, CSCs isolated with this protocol have stemness and cardiac markers, and they have a potential for proliferation and differentiation toward cardiomyocyte lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh K Yadav
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center
| | - Paras K Mishra
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center; Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center;
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77
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Ashammakhi N, Ahadian S, Darabi MA, El Tahchi M, Lee J, Suthiwanich K, Sheikhi A, Dokmeci MR, Oklu R, Khademhosseini A. Minimally Invasive and Regenerative Therapeutics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1804041. [PMID: 30565732 PMCID: PMC6709364 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201804041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Advances in biomaterial synthesis and fabrication, stem cell biology, bioimaging, microsurgery procedures, and microscale technologies have made minimally invasive therapeutics a viable tool in regenerative medicine. Therapeutics, herein defined as cells, biomaterials, biomolecules, and their combinations, can be delivered in a minimally invasive way to regenerate different tissues in the body, such as bone, cartilage, pancreas, cardiac, skeletal muscle, liver, skin, and neural tissues. Sophisticated methods of tracking, sensing, and stimulation of therapeutics in vivo using nano-biomaterials and soft bioelectronic devices provide great opportunities to further develop minimally invasive and regenerative therapeutics (MIRET). In general, minimally invasive delivery methods offer high yield with low risk of complications and reduced costs compared to conventional delivery methods. Here, minimally invasive approaches for delivering regenerative therapeutics into the body are reviewed. The use of MIRET to treat different tissues and organs is described. Although some clinical trials have been performed using MIRET, it is hoped that such therapeutics find wider applications to treat patients. Finally, some future perspective and challenges for this emerging field are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nureddin Ashammakhi
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Oulu University, Oulu, Finland
| | - Samad Ahadian
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Mohammad Ali Darabi
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Mario El Tahchi
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- LBMI, Department of Physics, Lebanese University - Faculty of Sciences 2, PO Box 90656, Jdeidet, Lebanon
| | - Junmin Lee
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kasinan Suthiwanich
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Amir Sheikhi
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Mehmet R. Dokmeci
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Rahmi Oklu
- Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, USA
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Center of Nanotechnology, Department of Physics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Bioindustrial Technologies, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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78
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Qi S, Zhang P, Ma M, Yao M, Wu J, Mäkilä E, Salonen J, Ruskoaho H, Xu Y, Santos HA, Zhang H. Cellular Internalization-Induced Aggregation of Porous Silicon Nanoparticles for Ultrasound Imaging and Protein-Mediated Protection of Stem Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1804332. [PMID: 30488562 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201804332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology employs multifunctional engineered materials in the nanoscale range that provides many opportunities for translational stem cell research and therapy. Here, a cell-penetrating peptide (virus-1 transactivator of transcription)-conjugated, porous silicon nanoparticle (TPSi NP) loaded with the Wnt3a protein to increase both the cell survival rate and the delivery precision of stem cell transplantation via a combinational theranostic strategy is presented. The TPSi NP with a pore size of 10.7 nm and inorganic framework enables high-efficiency loading of Wnt3a, prolongs Wnt3a release, and increases antioxidative stress activity in the labeled mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which are highly beneficial properties for cell protection in stem cell therapy for myocardial infarction. It is confirmed that the intracellular aggregation of TPSi NPs can highly amplify the acoustic scattering of the labeled MSCs, resulting in a 2.3-fold increase in the ultrasound (US) signal compared with that of unlabeled MSCs. The translational potential of the designed nanoagent for real-time US imaging-guided stem cell transplantation is confirmed via intramyocardial injection of labeled MSCs in a nude mouse model. It is proposed that the intracellular aggregation of protein drug-loaded TPSi NPs could be a simple but robust strategy for improving the therapeutic effect of stem cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengcai Qi
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research of Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Ming Ma
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science Laboratory, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, 20520, Finland
| | - Minghua Yao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science Laboratory, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, 20520, Finland
| | - Jinjin Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Ermei Mäkilä
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, Turku, 20014, Finland
| | - Jarno Salonen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, Turku, 20014, Finland
| | - Heikki Ruskoaho
- Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Yuanzhi Xu
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Hélder A Santos
- Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science Laboratory, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, 20520, Finland
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Cellular Therapy for Ischemic Heart Disease: An Update. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1201:195-213. [PMID: 31898788 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-31206-0_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease (IHD), which includes heart failure (HF) induced by heart attack (myocardial infarction, MI), is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide (Benjamin, et al. Circulation 139:e56-e66, 2019). MI occurs at an alarmingly high rate in the United States (approx. One case every 40 seconds), and the failure to repair damaged myocardium is the leading cause of recurrent heart attacks, heart failure (HF), and death within 5 years of MI (Benjamin, et al. Circulation 139:e56-e66, 2019). At present, HF represents an unmet need with no approved clinical therapies to replace the damaged myocardium. As the population ages, the number of heart failure patients is projected to increase, doubling the annual cost by 2030 (Benjamin, et al. Circulation 139:e56-e66, 2019). In the past decades, stem cell therapy has become a promising strategy for cardiac regeneration. However, stem cell-based therapy yielded modest success in human clinical trials. This chapter examines the types of cells examined in cardiac therapy in the setting of IHD, with a brief introduction to ongoing research aiming at enhancing the therapeutic potential of transplanted cells.
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80
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Co-transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells improves spermatogonial stem cell transplantation efficiency in mice. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:317. [PMID: 30463610 PMCID: PMC6249754 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-1065-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Spermatogonial stem cell transplantation (SSCT) could become a fertility restoration tool for childhood cancer survivors. However, since in mice, the colonization efficiency of transplanted spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) is only 12%, the efficiency of the procedure needs to be improved before clinical implementation is possible. Co-transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) might increase colonization efficiency of SSCs by restoring the SSC niche after gonadotoxic treatment. Methods A mouse model for long-term infertility was developed and used to transplant SSCs (SSCT, n = 10), MSCs (MSCT, n = 10), a combination of SSCs and MSCs (MS-SSCT, n = 10), or a combination of SSCs and TGFß1-treated MSCs (MSi-SSCT, n = 10). Results The best model for transplantation was obtained after intraperitoneal injection of busulfan (40 mg/kg body weight) at 4 weeks followed by CdCl2 (2 mg/kg body weight) at 8 weeks of age and transplantation at 11 weeks of age. Three months after transplantation, spermatogenesis resumed with a significantly better tubular fertility index (TFI) in all transplanted groups compared to non-transplanted controls (P < 0.001). TFI after MSi-SSCT (83.3 ± 19.5%) was significantly higher compared to MS-SSCT (71.5 ± 21.7%, P = 0.036) but did not differ statistically compared to SSCT (78.2 ± 12.5%). In contrast, TFI after MSCT (50.2 ± 22.5%) was significantly lower compared to SSCT (P < 0.001). Interestingly, donor-derived TFI was found to be significantly improved after MSi-SSCT (18.8 ± 8.0%) compared to SSCT (1.9 ± 1.1%; P < 0.001), MSCT (0.0 ± 0.0%; P < 0.001), and MS-SSCT (3.4 ± 1.9%; P < 0.001). While analyses showed that both native and TGFß1-treated MSCs maintained characteristics of MSCs, the latter showed less migratory characteristics and was not detected in other organs. Conclusion Co-transplanting SSCs and TGFß1-treated MSCs significantly improves the recovery of endogenous SSCs and increases the homing efficiency of transplanted SSCs. This procedure could become an efficient method to treat infertility in a clinical setup, once the safety of the technique has been proven. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-018-1065-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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81
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Bareeqa SB, Bibi F, Ahmed SI, Samar SS. Advancement in Stem Cell Therapy for Ischemic Myocardial Cell: A Systematic Review. Int J Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Res 2018; 12:282-290. [PMID: 30774828 PMCID: PMC6375372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cardiac muscle possesses a limited capacity to regenerate its tissue on its own. It is less likely to reverse the altered cardiac functioning to its normal physiological state after a major myocardial infarction. Stem cell transplantation provided a unique therapeutic approach in managing such injuries. There has been a substantial debate about the complexity, scope and medical application of stem cell transplantation in past few years. Materials and Methods: An extensive review of medical literature was conducted to establish the consensus about the possible mechanism of cell renewal, associated complications and risks of failure of this technique. Twenty cases of mammalian animals and twenty-four cases of stem cell transplantation in human subjects were reviewed. Results: Most common associated complication was re-stenosis of coronary artery. Few clinical trials reported the failure in improving cardiac functioning. The success rate of stem cell transplantation was remarkable in the literature related to experimental animal subjects. Conclusion: It was concluded that renewal of the cardiac cell is a result of induction of angiogenesis and prolonged cell survival. This topic still requires an immense amount of research to fill the gap in adequate knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fazeela Bibi
- Jinnah Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Syed Ijlal Ahmed
- Medical Graduate, Liaquat National Medical College and Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
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82
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Zeng Y, Zhu J, Wang J, Parasuraman P, Busi S, Nauli SM, Wáng YXJ, Pala R, Liu G. Functional probes for cardiovascular molecular imaging. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2018; 8:838-852. [PMID: 30306063 PMCID: PMC6177368 DOI: 10.21037/qims.2018.09.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a severely threatening disorder and frequently cause death in industrialized countries, posing critical challenges to modern research and medicine. Molecular imaging has been heralded as the solution to many problems encountered in individuals living with CVD. The use of probes in cardiovascular molecular imaging is causing a paradigmatic shift from regular imaging techniques, to future advanced imaging technologies, which will facilitate the acquisition of vital information at the cellular and molecular level. Advanced imaging for CVDs will help early detection of disease development, allow early therapeutic intervention, and facilitate better understanding of fundamental biological processes. To promote a better understanding of cardiovascular molecular imaging, this article summarizes the current developments in the use of molecular probes, highlighting some of the recent advances in probe design, preparation, and functional modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zeng
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361008, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Junqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Prince of Wales Hospital, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Paramanantham Parasuraman
- Departments of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India
| | - Siddhardha Busi
- Departments of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India
| | - Surya M. Nauli
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Yì Xiáng J. Wáng
- Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Prince of Wales Hospital, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Rajasekharreddy Pala
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
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83
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Caporali A, Bäck M, Daemen MJ, Hoefer IE, Jones EA, Lutgens E, Matter CM, Bochaton-Piallat ML, Siekmann AF, Sluimer JC, Steffens S, Tuñón J, Vindis C, Wentzel JJ, Ylä-Herttuala S, Evans PC. Future directions for therapeutic strategies in post-ischaemic vascularization: a position paper from European Society of Cardiology Working Group on Atherosclerosis and Vascular Biology. Cardiovasc Res 2018; 114:1411-1421. [PMID: 30016405 PMCID: PMC6106103 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvy184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Modulation of vessel growth holds great promise for treatment of cardiovascular disease. Strategies to promote vascularization can potentially restore function in ischaemic tissues. On the other hand, plaque neovascularization has been shown to associate with vulnerable plaque phenotypes and adverse events. The current lack of clinical success in regulating vascularization illustrates the complexity of the vascularization process, which involves a delicate balance between pro- and anti-angiogenic regulators and effectors. This is compounded by limitations in the models used to study vascularization that do not reflect the eventual clinical target population. Nevertheless, there is a large body of evidence that validate the importance of angiogenesis as a therapeutic concept. The overall aim of this Position Paper of the ESC Working Group of Atherosclerosis and Vascular biology is to provide guidance for the next steps to be taken from pre-clinical studies on vascularization towards clinical application. To this end, the current state of knowledge in terms of therapeutic strategies for targeting vascularization in post-ischaemic disease is reviewed and discussed. A consensus statement is provided on how to optimize vascularization studies for the identification of suitable targets, the use of animal models of disease, and the analysis of novel delivery methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Caporali
- University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Magnus Bäck
- Division of Valvular and Coronary Disease, Department of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
- INSERM U1116, University of Lorraine, Nancy University Hospital, Nancy, France
| | - Mat J Daemen
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Hospital, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Imo E Hoefer
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology and Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Esther Lutgens
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian M Matter
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Arndt F Siekmann
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Muenster, Germany
- Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003–CiM), University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Judith C Sluimer
- University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Pathology, CARIM, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sabine Steffens
- Ludwig-Maximilians-University, German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - José Tuñón
- IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
- Autónoma University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cecile Vindis
- INSERM U1048/Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Toulouse, France
| | - Jolanda J Wentzel
- Department of Cardiology, Biomechanics Laboratory, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Seppo Ylä-Herttuala
- A.I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Heart Center and Gene Therapy Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Paul C Evans
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health, the INSIGNEO Institute for In Silico Medicine and the Bateson Centre, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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Pagano F, Picchio V, Angelini F, Iaccarino A, Peruzzi M, Cavarretta E, Biondi-Zoccai G, Sciarretta S, De Falco E, Chimenti I, Frati G. The Biological Mechanisms of Action of Cardiac Progenitor Cell Therapy. Curr Cardiol Rep 2018; 20:84. [PMID: 30105430 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-018-1031-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Cell therapy for cardiovascular diseases is regarded as a rapidly growing field within regenerative medicine. Different cellular populations enriched for cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs), or derivate a-cellular products, are currently under preclinical and clinical evaluation. Here, we have reviewed the described mechanisms whereby resident post-natal CPCs, isolated in different ways, act as a therapeutic product on the damaged myocardium. RECENT FINDINGS Several biological mechanisms of action have been described which can explain the multiple therapeutic effects of CPC treatment observed on cardiac function and remodelling. These mechanisms span from direct cardiovascular differentiation, through induction of resident progenitor proliferation, to paracrine effects on cardiac and non-cardiac cells mediated by exosomes and non-coding RNAs. All the reported mechanisms of action support an integrated view including cardiomyogenesis, cardioprotection, and anti-fibrotic effects. Moreover, future developments of CPC therapy approaches may support cell-free strategies, exploiting effective pleiotropic cell-derived products, such as exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Pagano
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, "La Sapienza" University of Rome, Corso della Repubblica 79, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - Vittorio Picchio
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, "La Sapienza" University of Rome, Corso della Repubblica 79, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - Francesco Angelini
- Medical Oncology Unit, San Filippo Neri Hospital, Via Giovanni Martinotti, 20, 00135, Rome, Italy.,Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, CRO-National Cancer Institute, Via Franco Gallini 2, 33081, Aviano (PN), Italy
| | - Alessandra Iaccarino
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, "La Sapienza" University of Rome, viale Regina Margherita 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariangela Peruzzi
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, "La Sapienza" University of Rome, Corso della Repubblica 79, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - Elena Cavarretta
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, "La Sapienza" University of Rome, Corso della Repubblica 79, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Biondi-Zoccai
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, "La Sapienza" University of Rome, Corso della Repubblica 79, 04100, Latina, Italy.,Department of AngioCardioNeurology, IRCCS Neuromed Institute, Via Atinense 18, 86077, Pozzilli (IS), Italy
| | - Sebastiano Sciarretta
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, "La Sapienza" University of Rome, Corso della Repubblica 79, 04100, Latina, Italy.,Department of AngioCardioNeurology, IRCCS Neuromed Institute, Via Atinense 18, 86077, Pozzilli (IS), Italy
| | - Elena De Falco
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, "La Sapienza" University of Rome, Corso della Repubblica 79, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - Isotta Chimenti
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, "La Sapienza" University of Rome, Corso della Repubblica 79, 04100, Latina, Italy.
| | - Giacomo Frati
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, "La Sapienza" University of Rome, Corso della Repubblica 79, 04100, Latina, Italy.,Department of AngioCardioNeurology, IRCCS Neuromed Institute, Via Atinense 18, 86077, Pozzilli (IS), Italy
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Cellular self-assembly into 3D microtissues enhances the angiogenic activity and functional neovascularization capacity of human cardiopoietic stem cells. Angiogenesis 2018; 22:37-52. [PMID: 30014173 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-018-9635-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
While cell therapy has been proposed as next-generation therapy to treat the diseased heart, current strategies display only limited clinical efficacy. Besides the ongoing quest for the ideal cell type, in particular the very low retention rate of single-cell (SC) suspensions after delivery remains a major problem. To improve cellular retention, cellular self-assembly into 3D microtissues (MTs) prior to transplantation has emerged as an encouraging alternative. Importantly, 3D-MTs have also been reported to enhance the angiogenic activity and neovascularization potential of stem cells. Therefore, here using the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay we comprehensively evaluate the impact of cell format (SCs versus 3D-MTs) on the angiogenic potential of human cardiopoietic stem cells, a promising second-generation cell type for cardiac repair. Biodegradable collagen scaffolds were seeded with human cardiopoietic stem cells, either as SCs or as 3D-MTs generated by using a modified hanging drop method. Thereafter, seeded scaffolds were placed on the CAM of living chicken embryos and analyzed for their perfusion capacity in vivo using magnetic resonance imaging assessment which was then linked to a longitudinal histomorphometric ex vivo analysis comprising blood vessel density and characteristics such as shape and size. Cellular self-assembly into 3D-MTs led to a significant increase of vessel density mainly driven by a higher number of neo-capillary formation. In contrast, SC-seeded scaffolds displayed a higher frequency of larger neo-vessels resulting in an overall 1.76-fold higher total vessel area (TVA). Importantly, despite that larger TVA in SC-seeded group, the mean perfusion capacity (MPC) was comparable between groups, therefore suggesting functional superiority together with an enhanced perfusion efficacy of the neo-vessels in 3D-MT-seeded scaffolds. This was further underlined by a 1.64-fold higher perfusion ratio when relating MPC to TVA. Our study shows that cellular self-assembly of human cardiopoietic stem cells into 3D-MTs substantially enhances their overall angiogenic potential and their functional neovascularization capacity. Hence, the concept of 3D-MTs may be considered to increase the therapeutic efficacy of future cell therapy concepts.
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Germline Stem Cells in Myocardial Regeneration - A new hope worth a delve. J Stem Cells Regen Med 2018; 14:1-2. [PMID: 30018467 PMCID: PMC6043662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
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87
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Exosomes in Myocardial Repair: Advances and Challenges in the Development of Next-Generation Therapeutics. Mol Ther 2018; 26:1635-1643. [PMID: 29807783 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2018.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Given the limited regenerative capacity of the human heart following myocardial injury, stem cell-based therapies have emerged as a promising approach for improving cardiac repair and function. The discovery of extracellular vesicles including exosomes as a key component of the beneficial function of stem cells has generated hope for their use to advance cell-based regenerative therapies for cardiac repair. Exosomes secreted from stem cells are membranous bionanovesicles, naturally loaded with various proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. They have been found to have anti-apoptotic, anti-fibrotic, as well as pro-angiogenic effects, all of which are crucial to restore function of the damaged myocardium. In this brief review, we will focus on the latest research and debates on cardiac repair and regenerative potential of exosomes from a variety of sources such as cardiac and non-cardiac stem and progenitor cells, somatic cells, and body fluids. We will also highlight important barriers involved in translating these findings into developing clinically suitable exosome-based therapies.
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88
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Ong CS, Nam L, Ong K, Krishnan A, Huang CY, Fukunishi T, Hibino N. 3D and 4D Bioprinting of the Myocardium: Current Approaches, Challenges, and Future Prospects. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:6497242. [PMID: 29850546 PMCID: PMC5937623 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6497242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
3D and 4D bioprinting of the heart are exciting notions in the modern era. However, myocardial bioprinting has proven to be challenging. This review outlines the methods, materials, cell types, issues, challenges, and future prospects in myocardial bioprinting. Advances in 3D bioprinting technology have significantly improved the manufacturing process. While scaffolds have traditionally been utilized, 3D bioprinters, which do not require scaffolds, are increasingly being employed. Improved understanding of the cardiac cellular composition and multiple strategies to tackle the issues of vascularization and viability had led to progress in this field. In vivo studies utilizing small animal models have been promising. 4D bioprinting is a new concept that has potential to advance the field of 3D bioprinting further by incorporating the fourth dimension of time. Clinical translation will require multidisciplinary collaboration to tackle the pertinent issues facing this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin Siang Ong
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lucy Nam
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kingsfield Ong
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, National University Heart Centre, Singapore
| | - Aravind Krishnan
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Chen Yu Huang
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Takuma Fukunishi
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Narutoshi Hibino
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
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89
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Foyt DA, Norman MDA, Yu TTL, Gentleman E. Exploiting Advanced Hydrogel Technologies to Address Key Challenges in Regenerative Medicine. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1700939. [PMID: 29316363 PMCID: PMC5922416 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Regenerative medicine aims to tackle a panoply of challenges from repairing focal damage to articular cartilage to preventing pathological tissue remodeling after myocardial infarction. Hydrogels are water-swollen networks formed from synthetic or naturally derived polymers and are emerging as important tools to address these challenges. Recent advances in hydrogel chemistries are enabling researchers to create hydrogels that can act as 3D ex vivo tissue models, allowing them to explore fundamental questions in cell biology by replicating tissues' dynamic and nonlinear physical properties. Enabled by cutting edge techniques such as 3D bioprinting, cell-laden hydrogels are also being developed with highly controlled tissue-specific architectures, vasculature, and biological functions that together can direct tissue repair. Moreover, advanced in situ forming and acellular hydrogels are increasingly finding use as delivery vehicles for bioactive compounds and in mediating host cell response. Here, advances in the design and fabrication of hydrogels for regenerative medicine are reviewed. It is also addressed how controlled chemistries are allowing for precise engineering of spatial and time-dependent properties in hydrogels with a look to how these materials will eventually translate to clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A. Foyt
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative BiologyKing's College LondonLondonSE1 9RTUK
| | - Michael D. A. Norman
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative BiologyKing's College LondonLondonSE1 9RTUK
| | - Tracy T. L. Yu
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative BiologyKing's College LondonLondonSE1 9RTUK
| | - Eileen Gentleman
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative BiologyKing's College LondonLondonSE1 9RTUK
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Hematti P. Role of Extracellular Matrix in Cardiac Cellular Therapies. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1098:173-188. [PMID: 30238371 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-97421-7_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is an essential regulator of homeostasis at the cellular, tissue, and organ level. It is now very well known that ECM dynamic remodeling is indispensable not only for normal growth and development but also recovery from tissue injuries. Indeed, abnormal remodeling of the ECM plays a major role in many pathophysiological processes and contributes to many different pathologies including cardiovascular disorders. Recently, cellular therapies have emerged as a potential therapeutic strategy for restoration of lost cardiomyocytes or their rejuvenation after cardiac damage and injuries. Harnessing the biological properties of ECM could be a viable strategy to enhance the therapeutic effects of cellular therapies by improving the engraftment, integration, survival, and functional adaptation of newly transplanted cells in many different platforms. Conversely, transplanted cells could restore the functionality and original composition of damaged ECM by secreting and depositing new ECM or stimulating normal ECM production by cardiac tissue native cells. Although the ultimate role of cell therapy in treatment of cardiac disorders is still a matter of great debate, the potential utility of ECM in improving the therapeutic effect of transplanted cells and vice versa the potential role of cell therapy as a means to restore the structure and functionality of damaged ECM should be carefully considered in implementation of future clinical cardiovascular cell therapy trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiman Hematti
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
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