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Germain N, Dhayer M, Dekiouk S, Marchetti P. Current Advances in 3D Bioprinting for Cancer Modeling and Personalized Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073432. [PMID: 35408789 PMCID: PMC8998835 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells evolve in a complex and heterogeneous environment composed of different cell types and an extracellular matrix. Current 2D culture methods are very limited in their ability to mimic the cancer cell environment. In recent years, various 3D models of cancer cells have been developed, notably in the form of spheroids/organoids, using scaffold or cancer-on-chip devices. However, these models have the disadvantage of not being able to precisely control the organization of multiple cell types in complex architecture and are sometimes not very reproducible in their production, and this is especially true for spheroids. Three-dimensional bioprinting can produce complex, multi-cellular, and reproducible constructs in which the matrix composition and rigidity can be adapted locally or globally to the tumor model studied. For these reasons, 3D bioprinting seems to be the technique of choice to mimic the tumor microenvironment in vivo as closely as possible. In this review, we discuss different 3D-bioprinting technologies, including bioinks and crosslinkers that can be used for in vitro cancer models and the techniques used to study cells grown in hydrogels; finally, we provide some applications of bioprinted cancer models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Germain
- UMR 9020–UMR-S 1277–Canther–Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Institut de Recherche Contre le Cancer de Lille, University Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (M.D.); (S.D.)
- Banque de Tissus, Centre de Biologie-Pathologie, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
- Correspondence: (N.G.); (P.M.); Tel.: +33-3-20-16-92-20 (P.M.)
| | - Melanie Dhayer
- UMR 9020–UMR-S 1277–Canther–Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Institut de Recherche Contre le Cancer de Lille, University Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (M.D.); (S.D.)
| | - Salim Dekiouk
- UMR 9020–UMR-S 1277–Canther–Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Institut de Recherche Contre le Cancer de Lille, University Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (M.D.); (S.D.)
| | - Philippe Marchetti
- UMR 9020–UMR-S 1277–Canther–Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Institut de Recherche Contre le Cancer de Lille, University Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (M.D.); (S.D.)
- Banque de Tissus, Centre de Biologie-Pathologie, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
- Correspondence: (N.G.); (P.M.); Tel.: +33-3-20-16-92-20 (P.M.)
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Jia Y, Wei Z, Zhang S, Yang B, Li Y. Instructive Hydrogels for Primary Tumor Cell Culture: Current Status and Outlook. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2102479. [PMID: 35182456 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202102479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Primary tumor organoids (PTOs) growth in hydrogels have emerged as an important in vitro model that recapitulates many characteristics of the native tumor tissue, and have important applications in fundamental cancer research and for the development of useful therapeutic treatment. This paper begins with reviewing the methods of isolation of primary tumor cells. Then, recent advances on the instructive hydrogels as biomimetic extracellular matrix for primary tumor cell culture and construction of PTO models are summarized. Emerging microtechnology for growth of PTOs in microscale hydrogels and the applications of PTOs are highlighted. This paper concludes with an outlook on the future directions in the investigation of instructive hydrogels for PTO growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 China
| | - Zhentong Wei
- Department of Oncologic Gynecology The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun 130021 China
| | - Songling Zhang
- Department of Oncologic Gynecology The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun 130021 China
| | - Bai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 China
- Joint Laboratory of Opto‐Functional Theranostics in Medicine and Chemistry The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun 130021 China
| | - Yunfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 China
- Joint Laboratory of Opto‐Functional Theranostics in Medicine and Chemistry The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun 130021 China
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53
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Xiang Y, Miller K, Guan J, Kiratitanaporn W, Tang M, Chen S. 3D bioprinting of complex tissues in vitro: state-of-the-art and future perspectives. Arch Toxicol 2022; 96:691-710. [PMID: 35006284 PMCID: PMC8850226 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-021-03212-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The pharmacology and toxicology of a broad variety of therapies and chemicals have significantly improved with the aid of the increasing in vitro models of complex human tissues. Offering versatile and precise control over the cell population, extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, dynamic microenvironment, and sophisticated microarchitecture, which is desired for the in vitro modeling of complex tissues, 3D bio-printing is a rapidly growing technology to be employed in the field. In this review, we will discuss the recent advancement of printing techniques and bio-ink sources, which have been spurred on by the increasing demand for modeling tactics and have facilitated the development of the refined tissue models as well as the modeling strategies, followed by a state-of-the-art update on the specialized work on cancer, heart, muscle and liver. In the end, the toxicological modeling strategies, substantial challenges, and future perspectives for 3D printed tissue models were explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xiang
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | - Kathleen Miller
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | - Jiaao Guan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | | | - Min Tang
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | - Shaochen Chen
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA.
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54
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Brewer G, Fortier AM, Park M, Moraes C. The case for cancer-associated fibroblasts: essential elements in cancer drug discovery? FUTURE DRUG DISCOVERY 2022; 4:FDD71. [PMID: 35600290 PMCID: PMC9112234 DOI: 10.4155/fdd-2021-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Although cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have gained increased attention for supporting cancer progression, current CAF-targeted therapeutic options are limited and failing in clinical trials. As the largest component of the tumor microenvironment (TME), CAFs alter the biochemical and physical structure of the TME, modulating cancer progression. Here, we review the role of CAFs in altering drug response, modifying the TME mechanics and the current models for studying CAFs. To provide new perspectives, we highlight key considerations of CAF activity and discuss emerging technologies that can better address CAFs; and therefore, increase the likelihood of therapeutic efficacy. We argue that CAFs are crucial components of the cancer drug discovery pipeline and incorporating these cells will improve drug discovery success rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Brewer
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, 1160 Avenues des Pins, Montréal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, 3649 Promenade Sir-William-Osler, Montréal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Anne-Marie Fortier
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, 1160 Avenues des Pins, Montréal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Morag Park
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, 1160 Avenues des Pins, Montréal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, 3649 Promenade Sir-William-Osler, Montréal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada
- Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montréal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada
- Department of Oncology, McGill University, 5100 de Maisonneuve Blvd. West, Montréal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada
- Department of Pathology, McGill University, 3775 rue University, Montréal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Christopher Moraes
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, 1160 Avenues des Pins, Montréal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada
- Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montréal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, 3610 rue University, Montréal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, 3775 rue University, Montréal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada
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Carigga Gutierrez NM, Le Clainche T, Coll JL, Sancey L, Broekgaarden M. Generating Large Numbers of Pancreatic Microtumors on Alginate-Gelatin Hydrogels for Quantitative Imaging of Tumor Growth and Photodynamic Therapy Optimization. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2451:91-105. [PMID: 35505013 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2099-1_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The emerging use of 3D culture models of cancer has provided novel insights into the therapeutic mechanisms of photodynamic therapy on a mesoscopic scale. Especially microscale tumors grown on scaffolds of extracellular matrix can provide statistically robust data on the effects of photosensitizers and photodynamic therapy by leveraging high-throughput imaging-based assays. Although highly informative, the use of such 3D cultures can be impractical due to the high costs and inter-batch variability of the extracellular matrix scaffolds that are necessary to establish such cultures. In this study, we therefore provide a protocol to generate inexpensive and defined hydrogels composed of sodium alginate and gelatin that can be used for culturing 3D microtumors in a manner that is compatible with state-of-the-art imaging assays. Our results reveal that the alginate-gelatin hydrogels can perform similarly to a commercially available ECM scaffold in terms of facilitating microtumor growth. We then applied these microtumor models to quantify the uptake and dark toxicity of benzoporphyrin derivative encapsulated in liposomes with either an anionic or a cationic surface charge. The results indicate that cationic liposomes achieve the highest level of uptake in the microtumors, yet also exert minor toxicity. Moreover, we reveal that there is typically a significant positive correlation between microtumor size and liposome uptake. In conclusion, alginate-based hydrogels are inexpensive and effective scaffolds for 3D culture models of cancer, with versatile applications in research toward photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tristan Le Clainche
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université de Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Luc Coll
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université de Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Lucie Sancey
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université de Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Mans Broekgaarden
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université de Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.
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Barbosa MAG, Xavier CPR, Pereira RF, Petrikaitė V, Vasconcelos MH. 3D Cell Culture Models as Recapitulators of the Tumor Microenvironment for the Screening of Anti-Cancer Drugs. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 14:190. [PMID: 35008353 PMCID: PMC8749977 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14010190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Today, innovative three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models have been proposed as viable and biomimetic alternatives for initial drug screening, allowing the improvement of the efficiency of drug development. These models are gaining popularity, given their ability to reproduce key aspects of the tumor microenvironment, concerning the 3D tumor architecture as well as the interactions of tumor cells with the extracellular matrix and surrounding non-tumor cells. The development of accurate 3D models may become beneficial to decrease the use of laboratory animals in scientific research, in accordance with the European Union's regulation on the 3R rule (Replacement, Reduction, Refinement). This review focuses on the impact of 3D cell culture models on cancer research, discussing their advantages, limitations, and compatibility with high-throughput screenings and automated systems. An insight is also given on the adequacy of the available readouts for the interpretation of the data obtained from the 3D cell culture models. Importantly, we also emphasize the need for the incorporation of additional and complementary microenvironment elements on the design of 3D cell culture models, towards improved predictive value of drug efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie A. G. Barbosa
- Cancer Drug Resistance Group, IPATIMUP—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (M.A.G.B.); (C.P.R.X.)
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Cristina P. R. Xavier
- Cancer Drug Resistance Group, IPATIMUP—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (M.A.G.B.); (C.P.R.X.)
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Rúben F. Pereira
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;
- Biofabrication Group, INEB—Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Vilma Petrikaitė
- Laboratory of Drug Targets Histopathology, Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickevičiaus g 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania;
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - M. Helena Vasconcelos
- Cancer Drug Resistance Group, IPATIMUP—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (M.A.G.B.); (C.P.R.X.)
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;
- Department of Biological Sciences, FFUP—Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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El Khoury R, Nagiah N, Mudloff JA, Thakur V, Chattopadhyay M, Joddar B. 3D Bioprinted Spheroidal Droplets for Engineering the Heterocellular Coupling between Cardiomyocytes and Cardiac Fibroblasts. CYBORG AND BIONIC SYSTEMS 2021; 2021:9864212. [PMID: 35795473 PMCID: PMC9254634 DOI: 10.34133/2021/9864212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Since conventional human cardiac two-dimensional (2D) cell culture and multilayered three-dimensional (3D) models fail in recapitulating cellular complexity and possess inferior translational capacity, we designed and developed a high-throughput scalable 3D bioprinted cardiac spheroidal droplet-organoid model with cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts that can be used for drug screening or regenerative engineering applications. This study helped establish the parameters for bioprinting and cross-linking a gelatin-alginate-based bioink into 3D spheroidal droplets. A flattened disk-like structure developed in prior studies from our laboratory was used as a control. The microstructural and mechanical stability of the 3D spheroidal droplets was assessed and was found to be ideal for a cardiac scaffold. Adult human cardiac fibroblasts and AC16 cardiomyocytes were mixed in the bioink and bioprinted. Live-dead assay and flow cytometry analysis revealed robust biocompatibility of the 3D spheroidal droplets that supported the growth and proliferation of the cardiac cells in the long-term cultures. Moreover, the heterocellular gap junctional coupling between the cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts further validated the 3D cardiac spheroidal droplet model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raven El Khoury
- Inspired Materials & Stem-Cell Based Tissue Engineering Laboratory (IMSTEL), The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
- Department of Metallurgical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering, M201 Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Naveen Nagiah
- Inspired Materials & Stem-Cell Based Tissue Engineering Laboratory (IMSTEL), The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
- Department of Metallurgical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering, M201 Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Joel A. Mudloff
- Inspired Materials & Stem-Cell Based Tissue Engineering Laboratory (IMSTEL), The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
- Department of Metallurgical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering, M201 Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Vikram Thakur
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Center of Emphasis in Diabetes and Metabolism, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Munmun Chattopadhyay
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Center of Emphasis in Diabetes and Metabolism, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Binata Joddar
- Inspired Materials & Stem-Cell Based Tissue Engineering Laboratory (IMSTEL), The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
- Department of Metallurgical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering, M201 Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
- Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
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Moreira A, Müller M, Costa PF, Kohl Y. Advanced In Vitro Lung Models for Drug and Toxicity Screening: The Promising Role of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2021; 6:e2101139. [PMID: 34962104 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202101139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The substantial socioeconomic burden of lung diseases, recently highlighted by the disastrous impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, accentuates the need for interventive treatments capable of decelerating disease progression, limiting organ damage, and contributing to a functional tissue recovery. However, this is hampered by the lack of accurate human lung research models, which currently fail to reproduce the human pulmonary architecture and biochemical environment. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and organ-on-chip (OOC) technologies possess suitable characteristics for the generation of physiologically relevant in vitro lung models, allowing for developmental studies, disease modeling, and toxicological screening. Importantly, these platforms represent potential alternatives for animal testing, according to the 3Rs (replace, reduce, refine) principle, and hold promise for the identification and approval of new chemicals under the European REACH (registration, evaluation, authorization and restriction of chemicals) framework. As such, this review aims to summarize recent progress made in human iPSC- and OOC-based in vitro lung models. A general overview of the present applications of in vitro lung models is presented, followed by a summary of currently used protocols to generate different lung cell types from iPSCs. Lastly, recently developed iPSC-based lung models are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michelle Müller
- Department of Bioprocessing and Bioanalytics, Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering IBMT, Joseph-von-Fraunhofer-Weg 1, 66280, Sulzbach, Germany
| | - Pedro F Costa
- BIOFABICS, Rua Alfredo Allen 455, Porto, 4200-135, Portugal
| | - Yvonne Kohl
- Department of Bioprocessing and Bioanalytics, Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering IBMT, Joseph-von-Fraunhofer-Weg 1, 66280, Sulzbach, Germany.,Postgraduate Course for Toxicology and Environmental Toxicology, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 28, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
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Wu D, Berg J, Arlt B, Röhrs V, Al-Zeer MA, Deubzer HE, Kurreck J. Bioprinted Cancer Model of Neuroblastoma in a Renal Microenvironment as an Efficiently Applicable Drug Testing Platform. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010122. [PMID: 35008547 PMCID: PMC8745467 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of new anticancer drugs with currently available animal models is hampered by the fact that human cancer cells are embedded in an animal-derived environment. Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid malignancy of childhood. Major obstacles include managing chemotherapy-resistant relapses and resistance to induction therapy, leading to early death in very-high-risk patients. Here, we present a three-dimensional (3D) model for neuroblastoma composed of IMR-32 cells with amplified genes of the myelocytomatosis viral related oncogene MYCN and the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) in a renal environment of exclusively human origin, made of human embryonic kidney 293 cells and primary human kidney fibroblasts. The model was produced with two pneumatic extrusion printheads using a commercially available bioprinter. Two drugs were exemplarily tested in this model: While the histone deacetylase inhibitor panobinostat selectively killed the cancer cells by apoptosis induction but did not affect renal cells in the therapeutically effective concentration range, the peptidyl nucleoside antibiotic blasticidin induced cell death in both cell types. Importantly, differences in sensitivity between two-dimensional (2D) and 3D cultures were cell-type specific, making the therapeutic window broader in the bioprinted model and demonstrating the value of studying anticancer drugs in human 3D models. Altogether, this cancer model allows testing cytotoxicity and tumor selectivity of new anticancer drugs, and the open scaffold design enables the free exchange of tumor and microenvironment by any cell type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongwei Wu
- Institute of Biotechnology, Chair of Applied Biochemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, 13355 Berlin, Germany; (D.W.); (J.B.); (V.R.); (M.A.A.-Z.)
| | - Johanna Berg
- Institute of Biotechnology, Chair of Applied Biochemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, 13355 Berlin, Germany; (D.W.); (J.B.); (V.R.); (M.A.A.-Z.)
| | - Birte Arlt
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (B.A.); (H.E.D.)
| | - Viola Röhrs
- Institute of Biotechnology, Chair of Applied Biochemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, 13355 Berlin, Germany; (D.W.); (J.B.); (V.R.); (M.A.A.-Z.)
| | - Munir A. Al-Zeer
- Institute of Biotechnology, Chair of Applied Biochemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, 13355 Berlin, Germany; (D.W.); (J.B.); (V.R.); (M.A.A.-Z.)
| | - Hedwig E. Deubzer
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (B.A.); (H.E.D.)
- Neuroblastoma Research Group, Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) of the Charité and the Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung, DKTK), Partner Site Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
- Berliner Institut für Gesundheitsforschung (BIH), 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Kurreck
- Institute of Biotechnology, Chair of Applied Biochemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, 13355 Berlin, Germany; (D.W.); (J.B.); (V.R.); (M.A.A.-Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-30-314-27-582; Fax: +49-30-314-27-502
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60
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Avila-Ramirez A, Catzim-Ríos K, Guerrero-Beltrán CE, Ramírez-Cedillo E, Ortega-Lara W. Reinforcement of Alginate-Gelatin Hydrogels with Bioceramics for Biomedical Applications: A Comparative Study. Gels 2021; 7:gels7040184. [PMID: 34842681 PMCID: PMC8628790 DOI: 10.3390/gels7040184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study states the preparation of novel ink with potential use for bone and cartilage tissue restoration. 3Dprint manufacturing allows customizing prostheses and complex morphologies of any traumatism. The quest for bioinks that increase the restoration rate based on printable polymers is a need. This study is focused on main steps, the synthesis of two bioceramic materials as WO3 and Na2Ti6O13, its integration into a biopolymeric-base matrix of Alginate and Gelatin to support the particles in a complete scaffold to trigger the potential nucleation of crystals of calcium phosphates, and its comparative study with independent systems of formulations with bioceramic particles as Al2O3, TiO2, and ZrO2. FT-IR and SEM studies result in hydroxyapatite's potential nucleation, which can generate bone or cartilage tissue regeneration systems with low or null cytotoxicity. These composites were tested by cell culture techniques to assess their biocompatibility. Moreover, the reinforcement was compared individually by mechanical tests with higher results on synthesized materials Na2Ti6O13 with 35 kPa and WO3 with 63 kPa. Finally, the integration of these composite materials formulated by Alginate/Gelatin and bioceramic has been characterized as functional for further manufacturing with the aid of novel biofabrication techniques such as 3D printing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Avila-Ramirez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; (A.A.-R.); (K.C.-R.); (E.R.-C.)
- Division of Biological & Environmental Science & Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kevin Catzim-Ríos
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; (A.A.-R.); (K.C.-R.); (E.R.-C.)
| | - Carlos Enrique Guerrero-Beltrán
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Medicina Cardiovascular y Metabolómica, Monterrey 64710, Mexico;
| | - Erick Ramírez-Cedillo
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; (A.A.-R.); (K.C.-R.); (E.R.-C.)
| | - Wendy Ortega-Lara
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; (A.A.-R.); (K.C.-R.); (E.R.-C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-8358-2000
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Three-dimensional bioprinted cancer models: A powerful platform for investigating tunneling nanotube-like cell structures in complex microenvironments. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 128:112357. [PMID: 34474904 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Bioprinting technology offers layer-by-layer positioning of cells within 3D space with complexity and a defined architecture. Cancer models based in this biofabrication technique are important tools to achieve representative and realistic in vivo conditions of the tumor microenvironment. Here, we show the development of a proof-of-concept three-dimensional bioprinted cancer model that successfully recapitulates the intercellular communication via the assembly of functional tunneling nanotube (TNT)-like cell projections. Different combinations of collagen-containing culture medium, sodium alginate and gelatin were initially prepared and rheologically evaluated. The optimized mixture was used to print two preliminary 3D models for cancer cell seeding. Favourable results in cell viability and proliferation led to the inclusion of 786-O renal cancer cells into the biomaterial mixture to directly bioprint the most suitable 3D model with embedded cells. Bioprinted cells remained viable for at least 15 days of culture and proliferated. More importantly, these cancer cells were able to build TNT-like cellular projections inside the hydrogel that established direct contacts between distant cells. We show that these structures were used as channels for the scrolling and intercellular transfer of mitochondria thus reproducing TNT's function in 2D culture systems. This 3D bioprinted renal cancer model provides a novel alternative tool for studying the functional relevance of TNT-like structures in tumorigenesis and anticancer drug susceptibility in a highly controlled and reproducible tumor microenvironment.
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Liu Y, Huang J, Xu Z, Li S, Jiang Y, Qu GW, Li Z, Zhao Y, Wu X, Ren J. Fabrication of gelatin-based printable inks with improved stiffness as well as antibacterial and UV-shielding properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 186:396-404. [PMID: 34224758 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Gelatin-based inks have a broad range of applications in bioprinting for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine due to their biocompatibility, ease of modification, degradability, and rapid gelation induced by low temperature. However, gelatin-derived inks prepared through low-temperature treatment have poor mechanical properties that limit their applications. To solve this problem, we designed polyacrylamide/gelatin/silver nanoparticle (PAAm-GelatinAgNPs) ink to improve gelatin-based hydrogels. The ink is based on double networks, in which the physically cross-linked gelatin as the first network and covalently cross-linked PAAm as the second network. It was found that the presence of PAAm increased the tensile and compression strength of the gelatin-based ink. Moreover, silver nanoparticles endowed the antibacterial properties to the gelatin-based ink and were able to shield the UV irradiation and damages to rat skin. In addition, this ink showed the shear thinning property; Consequently it succeeded in printing complex 3D scaffolds such as the cube, five-pointed star, flower, and university logo of "SEU". In summary, this ink presents a new strategy for the modification of gelatin and offers new potential applications for customized therapy of antimicrobial and anti-UV damage to tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Liu
- PLA Key Laboratory of Trauma and Surgical Infections, Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jinjian Huang
- PLA Key Laboratory of Trauma and Surgical Infections, Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ziyan Xu
- PLA Key Laboratory of Trauma and Surgical Infections, Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Sicheng Li
- PLA Key Laboratory of Trauma and Surgical Infections, Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yungang Jiang
- PLA Key Laboratory of Trauma and Surgical Infections, Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Gui Wen Qu
- PLA Key Laboratory of Trauma and Surgical Infections, Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zongan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Equipment and Manufacturing, NARI School of Electrical and Automation Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210019, China
| | - Xiuwen Wu
- PLA Key Laboratory of Trauma and Surgical Infections, Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Jianan Ren
- PLA Key Laboratory of Trauma and Surgical Infections, Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Machine Assisted Experimentation of Extrusion-Based Bioprinting Systems. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:mi12070780. [PMID: 34209404 PMCID: PMC8305959 DOI: 10.3390/mi12070780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Optimization of extrusion-based bioprinting (EBB) parameters have been systematically conducted through experimentation. However, the process is time- and resource-intensive and not easily translatable to other laboratories. This study approaches EBB parameter optimization through machine learning (ML) models trained using data collected from the published literature. We investigated regression-based and classification-based ML models and their abilities to predict printing outcomes of cell viability and filament diameter for cell-containing alginate and gelatin composite bioinks. In addition, we interrogated if regression-based models can predict suitable extrusion pressure given the desired cell viability when keeping other experimental parameters constant. We also compared models trained across data from general literature to models trained across data from one literature source that utilized alginate and gelatin bioinks. The results indicate that models trained on large amounts of data can impart physical trends on cell viability, filament diameter, and extrusion pressure seen in past literature. Regression models trained on the larger dataset also predict cell viability closer to experimental values for material concentration combinations not seen in training data of the single-paper-based regression models. While the best performing classification models for cell viability can achieve an average prediction accuracy of 70%, the cell viability predictions remained constant despite altering input parameter combinations. Our trained models on bioprinting literature data show the potential usage of applying ML models to bioprinting experimental design.
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Antinori ME, Contardi M, Suarato G, Armirotti A, Bertorelli R, Mancini G, Debellis D, Athanassiou A. Advanced mycelium materials as potential self-growing biomedical scaffolds. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12630. [PMID: 34135362 PMCID: PMC8209158 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91572-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycelia, the vegetative part of fungi, are emerging as the avant-garde generation of natural, sustainable, and biodegradable materials for a wide range of applications. They are constituted of a self-growing and interconnected fibrous network of elongated cells, and their chemical and physical properties can be adjusted depending on the conditions of growth and the substrate they are fed upon. So far, only extracts and derivatives from mycelia have been evaluated and tested for biomedical applications. In this study, the entire fibrous structures of mycelia of the edible fungi Pleurotus ostreatus and Ganoderma lucidum are presented as self-growing bio-composites that mimic the extracellular matrix of human body tissues, ideal as tissue engineering bio-scaffolds. To this purpose, the two mycelial strains are inactivated by autoclaving after growth, and their morphology, cell wall chemical composition, and hydrodynamical and mechanical features are studied. Finally, their biocompatibility and direct interaction with primary human dermal fibroblasts are investigated. The findings demonstrate the potentiality of mycelia as all-natural and low-cost bio-scaffolds, alternative to the tissue engineering systems currently in place.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elena Antinori
- Smart Materials, Fondazione Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
- DIBRIS, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marco Contardi
- Smart Materials, Fondazione Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Giulia Suarato
- Smart Materials, Fondazione Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
- Translational Pharmacology, Fondazione Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Andrea Armirotti
- Analytical Chemistry Lab, Fondazione Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Rosalia Bertorelli
- Translational Pharmacology, Fondazione Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Giorgio Mancini
- Smart Materials, Fondazione Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Doriana Debellis
- Electron Microscopy Facility, Fondazione Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Athanassia Athanassiou
- Smart Materials, Fondazione Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy.
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Kaur N, Bains A, Kaushik R, Dhull SB, Melinda F, Chawla P. A Review on Antifungal Efficiency of Plant Extracts Entrenched Polysaccharide-Based Nanohydrogels. Nutrients 2021; 13:2055. [PMID: 34203999 PMCID: PMC8232670 DOI: 10.3390/nu13062055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Human skin acts as a physical barrier; however, sometimes the skin gets infected by fungi, which becomes more severe if the infection occurs on the third layer of the skin. Azole derivative-based antifungal creams, liquids, or sprays are available to treat fungal infections; however, these formulations show various side effects on the application site. Over the past few years, herbal extracts and various essential oils have shown effective antifungal activity. Additionally, autoxidation and epimerization are significant problems with the direct use of herbal extracts. Hence, to overcome these obstacles, polysaccharide-based nanohydrogels embedded with natural plant extracts and oils have become the primary choice of pharmaceutical scientists. These gels protect plant-based bioactive compounds and are effective delivery agents because they release multiple bioactive compounds in the targeted area. Nanohydrogels can be applied to infected areas, and due to their contagious nature and penetration power, they get directly absorbed through the skin, quickly reaching the skin's third layer and effectively reducing the fungal infection. In this review, we explain various skin fungal infections, possible treatments, and the effective utilization of plant extract and oil-embedded polysaccharide-based nanohydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navkiranjeet Kaur
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India;
| | - Aarti Bains
- Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh Group of Colleges Landran, Mohali 140307, Punjab, India;
| | - Ravinder Kaushik
- School of Health Sciences, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, Uttrakhand, India;
| | - Sanju B. Dhull
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chaudhary Devi Lal University, Sirsa 125055, Haryana, India;
| | - Fogarasi Melinda
- Department of Food Engineering, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăstur 3–5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Prince Chawla
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India;
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Fuentes-Caparrós AM, Canales-Galarza Z, Barrow M, Dietrich B, Läuger J, Nemeth M, Draper ER, Adams DJ. Mechanical Characterization of Multilayered Hydrogels: A Rheological Study for 3D-Printed Systems. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:1625-1638. [PMID: 33734666 PMCID: PMC8045019 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
We describe rheological protocols to study layered and three-dimensional (3D)-printed gels. Our methods allow us to measure the properties at different depths and determine the contribution of each layer to the resulting combined properties of the gels. We show that there are differences when using different measuring systems for rheological measurement, which directly affects the resulting properties being measured. These methods allow us to measure the gel properties after printing, rather than having to rely on the assumption that there is no change in properties from a preprinted gel. We show that the rheological properties of fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl-diphenylalanine (FmocFF) gels are heavily influenced by the printing process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zaloa Canales-Galarza
- School
of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K.
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | | | - Bart Dietrich
- School
of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K.
| | - Jörg Läuger
- Anton
Paar Germany, 73760 Ostfildern, Germany
| | | | - Emily R. Draper
- School
of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K.
| | - Dave J. Adams
- School
of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K.
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Facile preparation of agar/polyvinyl alcohol-based triple-network composite hydrogels with excellent mechanical performances. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Augustine R, Kalva SN, Ahmad R, Zahid AA, Hasan S, Nayeem A, McClements L, Hasan A. 3D Bioprinted cancer models: Revolutionizing personalized cancer therapy. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101015. [PMID: 33493799 PMCID: PMC7823217 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
After cardiovascular disease, cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide with devastating health and economic consequences, particularly in developing countries. Inter-patient variations in anti-cancer drug responses further limit the success of therapeutic interventions. Therefore, personalized medicines approach is key for this patient group involving molecular and genetic screening and appropriate stratification of patients to treatment regimen that they will respond to. However, the knowledge related to adequate risk stratification methods identifying patients who will respond to specific anti-cancer agents is still lacking in many cancer types. Recent advancements in three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technology, have been extensively used to generate representative bioengineered tumor in vitro models, which recapitulate the human tumor tissues and microenvironment for high-throughput drug screening. Bioprinting process involves the precise deposition of multiple layers of different cell types in combination with biomaterials capable of generating 3D bioengineered tissues based on a computer-aided design. Bioprinted cancer models containing patient-derived cancer and stromal cells together with genetic material, extracellular matrix proteins and growth factors, represent a promising approach for personalized cancer therapy screening. Both natural and synthetic biopolymers have been utilized to support the proliferation of cells and biological material within the personalized tumor models/implants. These models can provide a physiologically pertinent cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions by mimicking the 3D heterogeneity of real tumors. Here, we reviewed the potential applications of 3D bioprinted tumor constructs as personalized in vitro models in anticancer drug screening and in the establishment of precision treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Augustine
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar; Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Qatar University, PO Box 2713 Doha, Qatar.
| | - Sumama Nuthana Kalva
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar; Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Qatar University, PO Box 2713 Doha, Qatar
| | - Rashid Ahmad
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar; Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Qatar University, PO Box 2713 Doha, Qatar
| | - Alap Ali Zahid
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar; Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Qatar University, PO Box 2713 Doha, Qatar
| | - Shajia Hasan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar; Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Qatar University, PO Box 2713 Doha, Qatar
| | - Ajisha Nayeem
- Department of Biotechnology, St. Mary's College, Thrissur, 680020, Kerala, India
| | - Lana McClements
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, 2007, NSW, Australia
| | - Anwarul Hasan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar; Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Qatar University, PO Box 2713 Doha, Qatar.
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Roche CD, Sharma P, Ashton AW, Jackson C, Xue M, Gentile C. Printability, Durability, Contractility and Vascular Network Formation in 3D Bioprinted Cardiac Endothelial Cells Using Alginate-Gelatin Hydrogels. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:636257. [PMID: 33748085 PMCID: PMC7968457 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.636257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background 3D bioprinting cardiac patches for epicardial transplantation are a promising approach for myocardial regeneration. Challenges remain such as quantifying printability, determining the ideal moment to transplant, and promoting vascularisation within bioprinted patches. We aimed to evaluate 3D bioprinted cardiac patches for printability, durability in culture, cell viability, and endothelial cell structural self-organisation into networks. Methods We evaluated 3D-bioprinted double-layer patches using alginate/gelatine (AlgGel) hydrogels and three extrusion bioprinters (REGEMAT3D, INVIVO, BIO X). Bioink contained either neonatal mouse cardiac cell spheroids or free (not-in-spheroid) human coronary artery endothelial cells with fibroblasts, mixed with AlgGel. To test the effects on durability, some patches were bioprinted as a single layer only, cultured under minimal movement conditions or had added fibroblast-derived extracellular matrix hydrogel (AlloECM). Controls included acellular AlgGel and gelatin methacryloyl (GELMA) patches. Results Printability was similar across bioprinters. For AlgGel compared to GELMA: resolutions were similar (200-700 μm line diameters), printing accuracy was 45 and 25%, respectively (AlgGel was 1.7x more accurate; p < 0.05), and shape fidelity was 92% (AlgGel) and 96% (GELMA); p = 0.36. For durability, AlgGel patch median survival in culture was 14 days (IQR:10-27) overall which was not significantly affected by bioprinting system or cellular content in patches. We identified three factors which reduced durability in culture: (1) bioprinting one layer depth patches (instead of two layers); (2) movement disturbance to patches in media; and (3) the addition of AlloECM to AlgGel. Cells were viable after bioprinting followed by 28 days in culture, and all BIO X-bioprinted mouse cardiac cell spheroid patches presented contractile activity starting between day 7 and 13 after bioprinting. At day 28, endothelial cells in hydrogel displayed organisation into endothelial network-like structures. Conclusion AlgGel-based 3D bioprinted heart patches permit cardiomyocyte contractility and endothelial cell structural self-organisation. After bioprinting, a period of 2 weeks maturation in culture prior to transplantation may be optimal, allowing for a degree of tissue maturation but before many patches start to lose integrity. We quantify AlgGel printability and present novel factors which reduce AlgGel patch durability (layer number, movement, and the addition of AlloECM) and factors which had minimal effect on durability (bioprinting system and cellular patch content).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher David Roche
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Poonam Sharma
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Anthony Wayne Ashton
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Chris Jackson
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Meilang Xue
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Carmine Gentile
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Łabowska MB, Cierluk K, Jankowska AM, Kulbacka J, Detyna J, Michalak I. A Review on the Adaption of Alginate-Gelatin Hydrogels for 3D Cultures and Bioprinting. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:858. [PMID: 33579053 PMCID: PMC7916803 DOI: 10.3390/ma14040858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sustaining the vital functions of cells outside the organism requires strictly defined parameters. In order to ensure their optimal growth and development, it is necessary to provide a range of nutrients and regulators. Hydrogels are excellent materials for 3D in vitro cell cultures. Their ability to retain large amounts of liquid, as well as their biocompatibility, soft structures, and mechanical properties similar to these of living tissues, provide appropriate microenvironments that mimic extracellular matrix functions. The wide range of natural and synthetic polymeric materials, as well as the simplicity of their physico-chemical modification, allow the mechanical properties to be adjusted for different requirements. Sodium alginate-based hydrogel is a frequently used material for cell culture. The lack of cell-interactive properties makes this polysaccharide the most often applied in combination with other materials, including gelatin. The combination of both materials increases their biological activity and improves their material properties, making this combination a frequently used material in 3D printing technology. The use of hydrogels as inks in 3D printing allows the accurate manufacturing of scaffolds with complex shapes and geometries. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the materials used for 3D cell cultures, which are mainly alginate-gelatin hydrogels, including their properties and potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena B. Łabowska
- Department of Mechanics, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Smoluchowskiego 25, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.B.Ł); (A.M.J.)
| | - Karolina Cierluk
- Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Norwida 4/6, 50-373 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka M. Jankowska
- Department of Mechanics, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Smoluchowskiego 25, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.B.Ł); (A.M.J.)
| | - Julita Kulbacka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Jerzy Detyna
- Department of Mechanics, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Smoluchowskiego 25, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.B.Ł); (A.M.J.)
| | - Izabela Michalak
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Smoluchowskiego 25, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland;
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Blanco‐Fernandez B, Gaspar VM, Engel E, Mano JF. Proteinaceous Hydrogels for Bioengineering Advanced 3D Tumor Models. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2003129. [PMID: 33643799 PMCID: PMC7887602 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202003129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The establishment of tumor microenvironment using biomimetic in vitro models that recapitulate key tumor hallmarks including the tumor supporting extracellular matrix (ECM) is in high demand for accelerating the discovery and preclinical validation of more effective anticancer therapeutics. To date, ECM-mimetic hydrogels have been widely explored for 3D in vitro disease modeling owing to their bioactive properties that can be further adapted to the biochemical and biophysical properties of native tumors. Gathering on this momentum, herein the current landscape of intrinsically bioactive protein and peptide hydrogels that have been employed for 3D tumor modeling are discussed. Initially, the importance of recreating such microenvironment and the main considerations for generating ECM-mimetic 3D hydrogel in vitro tumor models are showcased. A comprehensive discussion focusing protein, peptide, or hybrid ECM-mimetic platforms employed for modeling cancer cells/stroma cross-talk and for the preclinical evaluation of candidate anticancer therapies is also provided. Further development of tumor-tunable, proteinaceous or peptide 3D microtesting platforms with microenvironment-specific biophysical and biomolecular cues will contribute to better mimic the in vivo scenario, and improve the predictability of preclinical screening of generalized or personalized therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Blanco‐Fernandez
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO – Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of AveiroCampus Universitário de SantiagoAveiro3810‐193Portugal
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC)The Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyBaldiri Reixac 10–12Barcelona08028Spain
| | - Vítor M. Gaspar
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO – Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of AveiroCampus Universitário de SantiagoAveiro3810‐193Portugal
| | - Elisabeth Engel
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC)The Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyBaldiri Reixac 10–12Barcelona08028Spain
- Materials Science and Metallurgical EngineeringPolytechnical University of Catalonia (UPC)Eduard Maristany 16Barcelona08019Spain
- CIBER en BioingenieríaBiomateriales y NanomedicinaCIBER‐BBNMadrid28029Spain
| | - João F. Mano
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO – Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of AveiroCampus Universitário de SantiagoAveiro3810‐193Portugal
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Pita-López ML, Fletes-Vargas G, Espinosa-Andrews H, Rodríguez-Rodríguez R. Physically cross-linked chitosan-based hydrogels for tissue engineering applications: A state-of-the-art review. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.110176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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73
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Ziółkowska-Suchanek I. Mimicking Tumor Hypoxia in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Employing Three-Dimensional In Vitro Models. Cells 2021; 10:cells10010141. [PMID: 33445709 PMCID: PMC7828188 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is the most common microenvironment feature of lung cancer tumors, which affects cancer progression, metastasis and metabolism. Oxygen induces both proteomic and genomic changes within tumor cells, which cause many alternations in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This review defines current knowledge in the field of tumor hypoxia in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), including biology, biomarkers, in vitro and in vivo studies and also hypoxia imaging and detection. While classic two-dimensional (2D) in vitro research models reveal some hypoxia dependent manifestations, three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models more accurately replicate the hypoxic TME. In this study, a systematic review of the current NSCLC 3D models that have been able to mimic the hypoxic TME is presented. The multicellular tumor spheroid, organoids, scaffolds, microfluidic devices and 3D bioprinting currently being utilized in NSCLC hypoxia studies are reviewed. Additionally, the utilization of 3D in vitro models for exploring biological and therapeutic parameters in the future is described.
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Gebeyehu A, Surapaneni SK, Huang J, Mondal A, Wang VZ, Haruna NF, Bagde A, Arthur P, Kutlehria S, Patel N, Rishi AK, Singh M. Polysaccharide hydrogel based 3D printed tumor models for chemotherapeutic drug screening. Sci Rep 2021; 11:372. [PMID: 33431915 PMCID: PMC7801509 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79325-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of stable and ready-to-use bioinks have been developed based on the xeno-free and tunable hydrogel (VitroGel) system. Cell laden scaffold fabrication with optimized polysaccharide-based inks demonstrated that Ink H4 and RGD modified Ink H4-RGD had excellent rheological properties. Both bioinks were printable with 25-40 kPa extrusion pressure, showed 90% cell viability, shear-thinning and rapid shear recovery properties making them feasible for extrusion bioprinting without UV curing or temperature adjustment. Ink H4-RGD showed printability between 20 and 37 °C and the scaffolds remained stable for 15 days at temperature of 37 °C. 3D printed non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patient derived xenograft cells (PDCs) showed rapid spheroid growth of size around 500 µm in diameter and tumor microenvironment formation within 7 days. IC50 values demonstrated higher resistance of 3D spheroids to docetaxel (DTX), doxorubicin (DOX) and erlotinib compared to 2D monolayers of NSCLC-PDX, wild type triple negative breast cancer (MDA-MB-231 WT) and lung adenocarcinoma (HCC-827) cells. Results of flow property, shape fidelity, scaffold stability and biocompatibility of H4-RGD suggest that this hydrogel could be considered for 3D cell bioprinting and also for in-vitro tumor microenvironment development for high throughput screening of various anti-cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aragaw Gebeyehu
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, 32307, USA
| | - Sunil Kumar Surapaneni
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, 32307, USA
| | - John Huang
- TheWell Bioscience, North Brunswick, New Jersey, 08902, USA
| | - Arindam Mondal
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, 32307, USA
| | | | | | - Arvind Bagde
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, 32307, USA
| | - Peggy Arthur
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, 32307, USA
| | - Shallu Kutlehria
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, 32307, USA
| | - Nil Patel
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, 32307, USA
| | - Arun K Rishi
- John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Mandip Singh
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, 32307, USA.
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75
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Fernando K, Kwang LG, Lim JTC, Fong ELS. Hydrogels to engineer tumor microenvironments in vitro. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:2362-2383. [DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01943g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Illustration of engineered hydrogel to recapitulate aspects of the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanishka Fernando
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore
| | - Leng Gek Kwang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore
| | - Joanne Tze Chin Lim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore
| | - Eliza Li Shan Fong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore
- The N.1 Institute for Health
- National University of Singapore
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76
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Ioannidis K, Danalatos RI, Champeris Tsaniras S, Kaplani K, Lokka G, Kanellou A, Papachristou DJ, Bokias G, Lygerou Z, Taraviras S. A Custom Ultra-Low-Cost 3D Bioprinter Supports Cell Growth and Differentiation. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:580889. [PMID: 33251196 PMCID: PMC7676439 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.580889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in 3D bioprinting have allowed the use of stem cells along with biomaterials and growth factors toward novel tissue engineering approaches. However, the cost of these systems along with their consumables is currently extremely high, limiting their applicability. To address this, we converted a 3D printer into an open source 3D bioprinter and produced a customized bioink based on accessible alginate/gelatin precursors, leading to a cost-effective solution. The bioprinter's resolution, including line width, spreading ratio and extrusion uniformity measurements, along with the rheological properties of the bioinks were analyzed, revealing high bioprinting accuracy within the printability window. Following the bioprinting process, cell survival and proliferation were validated on HeLa Kyoto and HEK293T cell lines. In addition, we isolated and 3D bioprinted postnatal neural stem cell progenitors derived from the mouse subventricular zone as well as mesenchymal stem cells derived from mouse bone marrow. Our results suggest that our low-cost 3D bioprinter can support cell proliferation and differentiation of two different types of primary stem cell populations, indicating that it can be used as a reliable tool for developing efficient research models for stem cell research and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Konstantina Kaplani
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Georgia Lokka
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Anastasia Kanellou
- Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Studies, Department of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Dionysios J. Papachristou
- Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Studies, Department of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Georgios Bokias
- Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Zoi Lygerou
- Department of General Biology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Stavros Taraviras
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
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Distler T, Schaller E, Steinmann P, Boccaccini A, Budday S. Alginate-based hydrogels show the same complex mechanical behavior as brain tissue. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 111:103979. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.103979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Farhat W, Chatelain F, Marret A, Faivre L, Arakelian L, Cattan P, Fuchs A. Trends in 3D bioprinting for esophageal tissue repair and reconstruction. Biomaterials 2020; 267:120465. [PMID: 33129189 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In esophageal pathologies, such as esophageal atresia, cancers, caustic burns, or post-operative stenosis, esophageal replacement is performed by using parts of the gastrointestinal tract to restore nutritional autonomy. However, this surgical procedure most often does not lead to complete functional recovery and is instead associated with many complications resulting in a decrease in the quality of life and survival rate. Esophageal tissue engineering (ETE) aims at repairing the defective esophagus and is considered as a promising therapeutic alternative. Noteworthy progress has recently been made in the ETE research area but strong challenges remain to replicate the structural and functional integrity of the esophagus with the approaches currently being developed. Within this context, 3D bioprinting is emerging as a new technology to facilitate the patterning of both cellular and acellular bioinks into well-organized 3D functional structures. Here, we present a comprehensive overview of the recent advances in tissue engineering for esophageal reconstruction with a specific focus on 3D bioprinting approaches in ETE. Current biofabrication techniques and bioink features are highlighted, and these are discussed in view of the complexity of the native esophagus that the designed substitute needs to replace. Finally, perspectives on recent strategies for fabricating other tubular organ substitutes via 3D bioprinting are discussed briefly for their potential in ETE applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wissam Farhat
- Université de Paris, Inserm, U976 HIPI, F-75006, Paris, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 1 avenue Vellefaux, F-75010, Paris, France; CEA, IRIG, F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - François Chatelain
- Université de Paris, Inserm, U976 HIPI, F-75006, Paris, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 1 avenue Vellefaux, F-75010, Paris, France; CEA, IRIG, F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Auriane Marret
- Université de Paris, Inserm, U976 HIPI, F-75006, Paris, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 1 avenue Vellefaux, F-75010, Paris, France; CEA, IRIG, F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Lionel Faivre
- Université de Paris, Inserm, U976 HIPI, F-75006, Paris, France; Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Lousineh Arakelian
- Université de Paris, Inserm, U976 HIPI, F-75006, Paris, France; Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Cattan
- Université de Paris, Inserm, U976 HIPI, F-75006, Paris, France; Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Chirurgie Digestive, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Fuchs
- Université de Paris, Inserm, U976 HIPI, F-75006, Paris, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 1 avenue Vellefaux, F-75010, Paris, France; CEA, IRIG, F-38000, Grenoble, France.
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79
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Alonzo M, Kumar SA, Allen S, Delgado M, Alvarez-Primo F, Suggs L, Joddar B. Hydrogel scaffolds with elasticity-mimicking embryonic substrates promote cardiac cellular network formation. Prog Biomater 2020; 9:125-137. [PMID: 32978746 PMCID: PMC7544760 DOI: 10.1007/s40204-020-00137-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels are a class of biomaterials used for a wide range of biomedical applications, including as a three-dimensional (3D) scaffold for cell culture that mimics the extracellular matrix (ECM) of native tissues. To understand the role of the ECM in the modulation of cardiac cell function, alginate was used to fabricate crosslinked gels with stiffness values that resembled embryonic (2.66 ± 0.84 kPa), physiologic (8.98 ± 1.29 kPa) and fibrotic (18.27 ± 3.17 kPa) cardiac tissues. The average pore diameter and hydrogel swelling were seen to decrease with increasing substrate stiffness. Cardiomyocytes cultured within soft embryonic gels demonstrated enhanced cell spreading, elongation, and network formation, while a progressive increase in gel stiffness diminished these behaviors. Cell viability decreased with increasing hydrogel stiffness. Furthermore, cells in fibrotic gels showed enhanced protein expression of the characteristic cardiac stress biomarker, Troponin-I, while reduced protein expression of the cardiac gap junction protein, Connexin-43, in comparison to cells within embryonic gels. The results from this study demonstrate the role that 3D substrate stiffness has on cardiac tissue formation and its implications in the development of complex matrix remodeling-based conditions, such as myocardial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Alonzo
- Inspired Materials and Stem-Cell Based Tissue Engineering Laboratory (IMSTEL), El Paso, USA
- Department of Metallurgical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, M201 Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA
| | - Shweta Anil Kumar
- Inspired Materials and Stem-Cell Based Tissue Engineering Laboratory (IMSTEL), El Paso, USA
- Department of Metallurgical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, M201 Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA
| | - Shane Allen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Monica Delgado
- Inspired Materials and Stem-Cell Based Tissue Engineering Laboratory (IMSTEL), El Paso, USA
- Department of Metallurgical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, M201 Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA
| | - Fabian Alvarez-Primo
- Inspired Materials and Stem-Cell Based Tissue Engineering Laboratory (IMSTEL), El Paso, USA
- Department of Metallurgical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, M201 Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA
| | - Laura Suggs
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Binata Joddar
- Inspired Materials and Stem-Cell Based Tissue Engineering Laboratory (IMSTEL), El Paso, USA.
- Department of Metallurgical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, M201 Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA.
- Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA.
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81
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Bhattacharya S, Calar K, de la Puente P. Mimicking tumor hypoxia and tumor-immune interactions employing three-dimensional in vitro models. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2020; 39:75. [PMID: 32357910 PMCID: PMC7195738 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01583-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The heterogeneous tumor microenvironment (TME) is highly complex and not entirely understood. These complex configurations lead to the generation of oxygen-deprived conditions within the tumor niche, which modulate several intrinsic TME elements to promote immunosuppressive outcomes. Decoding these communications is necessary for designing effective therapeutic strategies that can effectively reduce tumor-associated chemotherapy resistance by employing the inherent potential of the immune system.While classic two-dimensional in vitro research models reveal critical hypoxia-driven biochemical cues, three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models more accurately replicate the TME-immune manifestations. In this study, we review various 3D cell culture models currently being utilized to foster an oxygen-deprived TME, those that assess the dynamics associated with TME-immune cell penetrability within the tumor-like spatial structure, and discuss state of the art 3D systems that attempt recreating hypoxia-driven TME-immune outcomes. We also highlight the importance of integrating various hallmarks, which collectively might influence the functionality of these 3D models.This review strives to supplement perspectives to the quickly-evolving discipline that endeavors to mimic tumor hypoxia and tumor-immune interactions using 3D in vitro models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somshuvra Bhattacharya
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, 2301 E 60th Street N, Sioux Falls, SD, 57104, USA
| | - Kristin Calar
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, 2301 E 60th Street N, Sioux Falls, SD, 57104, USA
| | - Pilar de la Puente
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, 2301 E 60th Street N, Sioux Falls, SD, 57104, USA.
- Department of Surgery, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Sioux Falls, SD, USA.
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA.
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82
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Fong EJ, Strelez C, Mumenthaler SM. A Perspective on Expanding Our Understanding of Cancer Treatments by Integrating Approaches from the Biological and Physical Sciences. SLAS DISCOVERY 2020; 25:672-683. [PMID: 32297829 PMCID: PMC7372587 DOI: 10.1177/2472555220915830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Multicellular systems such as cancer suffer from immense complexity. It is imperative to capture the heterogeneity of these systems across scales to achieve a deeper understanding of the underlying biology and develop effective treatment strategies. In this perspective article, we will discuss how recent technologies and approaches from the biological and physical sciences have transformed traditional ways of measuring, interpreting, and treating cancer. During the SLAS 2019 Annual Meeting, SBI2 hosted a Special Interest Group (SIG) on this topic. Academic and industry leaders engaged in discussions surrounding what biological model systems are appropriate to study cancer complexity, what assays are necessary to interrogate this complexity, and how physical sciences approaches may be useful to detangle this complexity. In particular, we examined the utility of mathematical models in predicting cancer progression and treatment response when tightly integrated with reproducible, quantitative, and dynamic biological measurements achieved using high-content imaging and analysis. The dialogue centered around the impetus for convergent biosciences, bringing new perspectives to cancer research to further understand this complex adaptive system and successfully intervene therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma J Fong
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Carly Strelez
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shannon M Mumenthaler
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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