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Xing B, Liang L, Liu L, Hou Z, Yang D, Yan K, Zhang X, Liang Z. Overexpression of SmbHLH148 induced biosynthesis of tanshinones as well as phenolic acids in Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy roots. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2018; 37:1681-1692. [PMID: 30229287 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-018-2339-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
SmbHLH148 activated the whole biosynthetic pathways of phenolic acids and tanshinones, thus upregulated the production of both the two groups of pharmaceutical ingredients in Salvia miltiorrhiza. Phenolic acids and tanshinones are the two important groups of pharmaceutical ingredients presented in Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. The bHLH transcription factors could regulate secondary metabolism efficiently in plants. However, there are only some MYCs have been studied on regulation of either phenolic acids or tanshinones biosynthesis. In this study, a bHLH TF named SmbHLH148, which is homologous to AtbHLH148, AtbHLH147 and CubHLH1, was isolated and functionally characterized from S. miltiorrhiza. Transcription of SmbHLH148 could be intensely induced by ABA and also be moderately induced by MeJA and GA. SmbHLH148 is present in all the six tissues and mostly expressed in fibrous root and flowers. Subcellular localization analysis found that SmbHLH148 was localized in the nucleus. Overexpression of SmbHLH148 significantly increased not only three phenolic acids components accumulation but also three tanshinones content. Content of caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid and salvianolic acid B were reached to 2.87-, 4.00- and 5.99-fold of the control in the ObHLH148-3, respectively. Content of dihydrotanshinone I, cryptotanshinone, and tanshinone I were also present highest in ObHLH148-3, reached 2.5-, 5.04- and 3.97-fold of the control, respectively. Expression analysis of pathway genes of phenolic acids and tanshinones in transgenic lines showed that most of them were obviously upregulated. Moreover, transcription of AREB and JAZs were also induced in SmbHLH148 overexpression lines. These results suggested that SmbHLH148 might be taken part in ABA and MeJA signaling and activated almost the whole biosynthetic pathways of phenolic acids and tanshinones, thus the production of phenolic acids and tanshinones were upregulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingcong Xing
- Institute of soil and water conservation, CAS and MWR, Yangling, 712100, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lijun Liang
- Institute of soil and water conservation, CAS and MWR, Yangling, 712100, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lin Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Zhuoni Hou
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 928 Second Avenue, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Dongfeng Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 928 Second Avenue, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Kaijing Yan
- Tasly R&D Institute, Tasly Holding Group Co. Ltd, Tianjin, 300410, China
| | - Xuemin Zhang
- Tasly R&D Institute, Tasly Holding Group Co. Ltd, Tianjin, 300410, China
| | - Zongsuo Liang
- Institute of soil and water conservation, CAS and MWR, Yangling, 712100, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 928 Second Avenue, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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Xing B, Yang D, Yu H, Zhang B, Yan K, Zhang X, Han R, Liang Z. Overexpression of SmbHLH10 enhances tanshinones biosynthesis in Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy roots. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 276:229-238. [PMID: 30348323 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The bHLH transcription factors have important role in regulation of plant growth, development, and secondary metabolism. Tanshinones are the major pharmaceutical components present in Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. It has been reported that bHLHs have functions in terpenoids biosynthesis. Here, we got a bHLH family member named SmbHLH10 which could positively regulate tanshinones biosynthesis in S. miltiorrhiza hairy roots. In the SmbHLH10-overexpressing line 6, four major tanshinones contents were reaching 2.51-fold (dihydrotanshinone I), 2.84-fold (cryptotanshinone), 2.89- fold (tanshinone I), 2.68-fold (tanshinone II A) of WT, respectively. The variation in tanshinones biosynthetic pathway gene transcription was generally consistent with tanshinones content. DXS2, DXS3 and DXR of MEP pathway were induced substantially, reaching 10-fold, 3-fold, 5.74-fold higher of the WT, respectively. The downstream pathway genes CPS1, CPS5 and CYP76AH1 were highest in line OE-SmbHLH10-6, reached 4.93, 16.29 and 3.27-fold of the WT, respectively, while KSL1's expression was highest in line OE-SmbHLH10-4, 4.64-fold of WT. Yeast one-hybrid assays results showed that SmbHLH10 could binds the predicted G-box motifs within the promoters of DXS2, CPS1 and CPS5. These findings indicated that SmbHLH10 could directly binds to G-box in the pathway genes' promotor, activate their expression and then upregulate tanshinones biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingcong Xing
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, CAS & MWR, Yangling 712100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dongfeng Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Haizheng Yu
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, CAS & MWR, Yangling 712100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bingxue Zhang
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, CAS & MWR, Yangling 712100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kaijing Yan
- Tasly R&D Institute, Tasly Holding Group Co. Ltd, Tianjin 300410, China
| | - Xuemin Zhang
- Tasly R&D Institute, Tasly Holding Group Co. Ltd, Tianjin 300410, China
| | - Ruilian Han
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, CAS & MWR, Yangling 712100, China; College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Zongsuo Liang
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, CAS & MWR, Yangling 712100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; Tasly R&D Institute, Tasly Holding Group Co. Ltd, Tianjin 300410, China.
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Xu Y, Geng L, Zhao S. Biosynthesis of bioactive ingredients of Salvia miltiorrhiza and advanced biotechnologies for their production. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2018.1532318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yingpeng Xu
- The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources & Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Lijun Geng
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Shujuan Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
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Mao R, Chen J, Chen Y, Guo Z. Identification of early jasmonate-responsive genes in Taxus × media cells by analyzing time series digital gene expression data. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 24:715-727. [PMID: 30150849 PMCID: PMC6103953 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-018-0527-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Jasmonate, an effective elicitor, can induce the biosynthesis of paclitaxel, a well-known anticancer drug, in Taxus cell culture. The jasmonate signaling pathway has been well studied in Arabidopsis, and many early jasmonate-responsive genes have been found to be involved in signaling pathway. In Taxus, only a few late jasmonate-responsive genes related to paclitaxel biosynthesis were identified. So, identification of early responsive genes and knowledge of the jasmonate signaling pathway are essential for understanding the effects of jasmonate on paclitaxel biosynthesis and for improving paclitaxel production in Taxus cells. In this study, total RNA of Taxus × media cells cultured in liquid medium was extracted after 0, 0.5, 3, and 24 h of methyl jasmonate treatment. Three biological independent repetitions were performed. The 12 extracted RNA samples were integrated and sequenced on an Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform using the paired-end method. A total of 45,583 transcript clusters were obtained by de novo assembly of the sequenced reads. Based on the transcriptome data, the digital gene expressions of each RNA sample were investigated. We found that after 0.5, 3, and 24 h of methyl jasmonate treatment; 134, 1008, and 987 unigenes were differentially expressed. For the secondary metabolism pathways, phenylalanine pathway unigenes were responsive to jasmonate after 3 h of treatment, while genes related to paclitaxel biosynthesis were induced after 0.5 h of treatment. The digital gene expression levels of candidate genes related to paclitaxel biosynthesis were confirmed by qRT-PCR. Transcriptome sequencing and digital gene expression profiling identified early jasmonate-responsive genes in cultured Taxus × media cells. The comprehensive time series jasmonate-responsive gene expression data have provided transcriptome-wide information about the mechanism of paclitaxel biosynthesis regulation by jasmonate signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongjia Mao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuejun Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhigang Guo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Swamy MK, Sinniah UR, Ghasemzadeh A. Anticancer potential of rosmarinic acid and its improved production through biotechnological interventions and functional genomics. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:7775-7793. [PMID: 30022261 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9223-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a highly valued natural phenolic compound that is very commonly found in plants of the families Lamiaceae and Boraginaceae, including Coleus blumei, Heliotropium foertherianum, Rosmarinus officinalis, Perilla frutescens, and Salvia officinalis. RA is also found in other members of higher plant families and in some fern and horned liverwort species. The biosynthesis of RA is catalyzed by the enzymes phenylalanine ammonia lyase and cytochrome P450-dependent hydroxylase using the amino acids tyrosine and phenylalanine. Chemically, RA can be produced via methods involving the esterification of 3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactic acid and caffeic acid. Some of the derivatives of RA include melitric acid, salvianolic acid, lithospermic acid, and yunnaneic acid. In plants, RA is known to have growth-promoting and defensive roles. Studies have elucidated the varied pharmacological potential of RA and its derived molecules, including anticancer, antiangiogenic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities. The demand for RA is therefore, very high in the pharmaceutical industry, but this demand cannot be met by plants alone because RA content in plant organs is very low. Further, many plants that synthesize RA are under threat and near extinction owing to biodiversity loss caused by unscientific harvesting, over-collection, environmental changes, and other inherent features. Moreover, the chemical synthesis of RA is complicated and expensive. Alternative approaches using biotechnological methodologies could overcome these problems. This review provides the state of the art information on the chemistry, sources, and biosynthetic pathways of RA, as well as its anticancer properties against different cancer types. Biotechnological methods are also discussed for producing RA using plant cell, tissue, and organ cultures and hairy-root cultures using flasks and bioreactors. The recent developments and applications of the functional genomics approach and heterologous production of RA in microbes are also highlighted. This chapter will be of benefit to readers aiming to design studies on RA and its applicability as an anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallappa Kumara Swamy
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Uma Rani Sinniah
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ali Ghasemzadeh
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Huang Q, Sun M, Yuan T, Wang Y, Shi M, Lu S, Tang B, Pan J, Wang Y, Kai G. The AP2/ERF transcription factor SmERF1L1 regulates the biosynthesis of tanshinones and phenolic acids in Salvia miltiorrhiza. Food Chem 2018; 274:368-375. [PMID: 30372953 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.08.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Tanshinones and phenolic acids are two important metabolites synthesized by the traditional Chinese medicinal plant Salvia miltiorrhiza. There is increasing market demand for these compounds. Here, we isolated and functionally characterized SmERF1L1, a novel JA (Jasmonic acid)-responsive gene encoding AP2/ERF transcription factor, from Salvia miltiorrhiza. SmERF1L1 was responsive to methyl jasmonate (MJ), yeast extraction (YE), salicylic acid (SA) and ethylene treatments. Subcellular localization assay indicated that SmERF1L1 located in the nucleus. Overexpression of SmERF1L1 significantly increased tanshinones production in transgenic S. miltiorrhiza hairy roots by comprehensively upregulating tanshinone biosynthetic pathway genes, especially SmDXR. Yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) showed that SmERF1L1 binds to the GCC-box of SmDXR promoter while dual luciferase (Dual-LUC) assay showed that SmERF1L1 positively regulated the expression of SmDXR. Our study suggested that the SmERF1L1 may be a good potential target for further metabolic engineering of bioactive component biosynthesis in S. miltiorrhiza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Huang
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, PR China; Institute of Plant Biotechnology, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, PR China
| | - Meihong Sun
- Institute of Plant Biotechnology, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, PR China
| | - Tingpan Yuan
- Institute of Plant Biotechnology, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, PR China
| | - Yu Wang
- Institute of Plant Biotechnology, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, PR China
| | - Min Shi
- Institute of Plant Biotechnology, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, PR China
| | - Sunjie Lu
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, PR China
| | - Boping Tang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Biological Resources and Environmental Protection, School of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Teachers Uninversity, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province 224051, PR China
| | - Jingxian Pan
- Institute of Plant Biotechnology, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, PR China
| | - Yao Wang
- Institute of Plant Biotechnology, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, PR China
| | - Guoyin Kai
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, PR China; Institute of Plant Biotechnology, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, PR China.
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57
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Li S, Wu Y, Kuang J, Wang H, Du T, Huang Y, Zhang Y, Cao X, Wang Z. SmMYB111 Is a Key Factor to Phenolic Acid Biosynthesis and Interacts with Both SmTTG1 and SmbHLH51 in Salvia miltiorrhiza. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:8069-8078. [PMID: 30001627 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b02548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Transcription factors that include myeloblastosis (MYB), basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH), and tryptophan-aspartic acid (WD)-repeat protein often form a ternary complex to regulate the phenylpropanoid pathway. However, only a few MYB and bHLH members involved in the biosynthesis of salvianolic acid B (Sal B) have been reported, and little is known about Sal B pathway regulation by the WD40 protein transparent testa glabra 1 (TTG1)-dependent transcriptional complexes in Salvia miltiorrhiza. We isolated SmTTG1 from that species for detailed functional characterization. Enhanced or reduced expression of SmTTG1 was achieved by gain- or loss-of-function assays, respectively, revealing that SmTTG1 is necessary for Sal B biosynthesis. Interaction partners of the SmTTG1 protein were screened by yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) assays with the cDNA library of S. miltiorrhiza. A new R2R3-MYB transcription factor, SmMYB111, was found through this screening. Transgenic plants overexpressing or showing reduced expression of SmMYB111 upregulated or deregulated, respectively, the yields of Sal B. Both Y2H and bimolecular fluorescent complementation experiments demonstrated that SmMYB111 interacts with SmTTG1 and SmbHLH51, a positive regulator of the phenolic acid pathway. Our data verified the function of SmTTG1 and SmMYB111 in regulating phenolic acid biosynthesis in S. miltiorrhiza. Furthermore, ours is the first report of the potential ternary transcription complex SmTTG1-SmMYB111-SmbHLH51, which is involved in the production of Sal B in that species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an , Shaanxi 710062 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yucui Wu
- School of Landscape and Ecological Engineering , Hebei University of Engineering , Handan , Hebei 056038 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Kuang
- Ningxia Polytechnic , Yinchuan , Ningxia 750001 , People's Republic of China
| | - Huaiqin Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an , Shaanxi 710062 , People's Republic of China
| | - Tangzhi Du
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an , Shaanxi 710062 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yaya Huang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an , Shaanxi 710062 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an , Shaanxi 710062 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Cao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an , Shaanxi 710062 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhezhi Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an , Shaanxi 710062 , People's Republic of China
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Coactivation of MEP-biosynthetic genes and accumulation of abietane diterpenes in Salvia sclarea by heterologous expression of WRKY and MYC2 transcription factors. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11009. [PMID: 30030474 PMCID: PMC6054658 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29389-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant abietane diterpenoids (e.g. aethiopinone, 1- oxoaethiopinone, salvipisone and ferruginol), synthesized in the roots of several Salvia spp, have antibacterial, antifungal, sedative and anti-proliferative properties. Recently we have reported that content of these compounds in S. sclarea hairy roots is strongly depending on transcriptional regulation of genes belonging to the plastidial MEP-dependent terpenoid pathway, from which they mostly derive. To boost the synthesis of this interesting class of compounds, heterologous AtWRKY18, AtWRKY40, and AtMYC2 TFs were overexpressed in S. sclarea hairy roots and proved to regulate in a coordinated manner the expression of several genes encoding enzymes of the MEP-dependent pathway, especially DXS, DXR, GGPPS and CPPS. The content of total abietane diterpenes was enhanced in all overexpressing lines, although in a variable manner due to a negative pleiotropic effect on HR growth. Interestingly, in the best performing HR lines overexpressing the AtWRKY40 TF induced a significant 4-fold increase in the final yield of aethiopinone, for which we have reported an interesting anti-proliferative activity against resistant melanoma cells. The present results are also informative and instrumental to enhance the synthesis of abietane diterpenes derived from the plastidial MEP-derived terpenoid pathway in other Salvia species.
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Shi M, Huang F, Deng C, Wang Y, Kai G. Bioactivities, biosynthesis and biotechnological production of phenolic acids in Salvia miltiorrhiza. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 59:953-964. [PMID: 29746788 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1474170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen in Chinese), is a well-known traditional Chinese medicinal plant, which is used as not only human medicine but also health-promotion food. Danshen has been extensively used for the treatment of various cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. As a major group of bioactive constituents from S. miltiorrhiza, water-soluble phenolic acids such as salvianolic acid B possessed good bioactivities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and other health-promoting activities. It is of significance to improve the production of phenolic acids by modern biotechnology approaches to meet the increasing market demand. Significant progresses have been made in understanding the biosynthetic pathway and regulation mechanism of phenolic acids in S.miltiorrhiza, which will facilitate the process of targeted metabolic engineering or synthetic biology. Furthermore, multiple biotechnology methods such as in vitro culture, elicitation, hairy roots, endophytic fungi and bioreactors have been also used to obtain pharmaceutically active phenolic acids from S. miltiorrhiza. In this review, recent advances in bioactivities, biosynthetic pathway and biotechnological production of phenolic acid ingredients were summarized and future prospective was also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Shi
- a Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , People's Republic of China
| | - Fenfen Huang
- b Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University , Shanghai , People's Republic of China
| | - Changping Deng
- b Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University , Shanghai , People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Wang
- b Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University , Shanghai , People's Republic of China
| | - Guoyin Kai
- a Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , People's Republic of China.,b Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University , Shanghai , People's Republic of China
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60
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Huang W, Long C, Lam E. Roles of Plant-Associated Microbiota in Traditional Herbal Medicine. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 23:559-562. [PMID: 29802067 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The microbiome of medicinal plants may directly impact the metabolome of the host, and thus could influence the efficacy of herbal medicine. We advocate a herb for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), Salvia miltiorrhiza, as a prime model system to study how microbes may interact with medicinal plants to modify phytochemical production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100081, China; College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chunlin Long
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100081, China; College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China; Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.
| | - Eric Lam
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
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61
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Deng X, Guo D, Yang S, Shi M, Chao J, Li H, Peng S, Tian W. Jasmonate signalling in the regulation of rubber biosynthesis in laticifer cells of rubber tree, Hevea brasiliensis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:3559-3571. [PMID: 29726901 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Rubber trees are the world's major source of natural rubber. Rubber-containing latex is obtained from the laticifer cells of the rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) via regular tapping. Rubber biosynthesis is a typical isoprenoid metabolic process in the laticifer cells; however, little is known about the positive feedback regulation caused by the loss of latex that occurs through tapping. In this study, we demonstrate the crucial role of jasmonate signalling in this feedback regulation. The endogenous levels of jasmonate, the expression levels of rubber biosynthesis-related genes, and the efficiency of in vitro rubber biosynthesis were found to be significantly higher in laticifer cells of regularly tapped trees than those of virgin (i.e. untapped) trees. Application of methyl jasmonate had similar effects to latex harvesting in up-regulating the rubber biosynthesis-related genes and enhancing rubber biosynthesis. The specific jasmonate signalling module in laticifer cells was identified as COI1-JAZ3-MYC2. Its activation was associated with enhanced rubber biosynthesis via up-regulation of the expression of a farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase gene and a small rubber particle protein gene. The increase in the corresponding proteins, especially that of farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase, probably contributes to the increased efficiency of rubber biosynthesis. To our knowledge, this is the first study to reveal a jasmonate signalling pathway in the regulation of rubber biosynthesis in laticifer cells. The identification of the specific jasmonate signalling module in the laticifer cells of the rubber tree may provide a basis for genetic improvement of rubber yield potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Deng
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Rubber Tree/State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Cultivation and Physiology for Tropical Crops, Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, Hainan, China
| | - Dong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Shuguang Yang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Rubber Tree/State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Cultivation and Physiology for Tropical Crops, Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, Hainan, China
| | - Minjing Shi
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Rubber Tree/State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Cultivation and Physiology for Tropical Crops, Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, Hainan, China
| | - Jinquan Chao
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Rubber Tree/State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Cultivation and Physiology for Tropical Crops, Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, Hainan, China
| | - Huiliang Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Shiqing Peng
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Weimin Tian
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Rubber Tree/State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Cultivation and Physiology for Tropical Crops, Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, Hainan, China
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Yu H, Guo W, Yang D, Hou Z, Liang Z. Transcriptional Profiles of SmWRKY Family Genes and Their Putative Roles in the Biosynthesis of Tanshinone and Phenolic Acids in Salvia miltiorrhiza. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19061593. [PMID: 29843472 PMCID: PMC6032325 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge is a Chinese traditional herb for treating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and tanshinones and phenolic acids are the dominated medicinal and secondary metabolism constituents of this plant. WRKY transcription factors (TFs) can function as regulators of secondary metabolites biosynthesis in many plants. However, studies on the WRKY that regulate tanshinones and phenolics biosynthesis are limited. In this study, 69 SmWRKYs were identified in the transcriptome database of S. miltiorrhiza, and phylogenetic analysis indicated that some SmWRKYs had closer genetic relationships with other plant WRKYs, which were involved in secondary metabolism. Hairy roots of S. miltiorrhiza were treated by methyl jasmonate (MeJA) to detect the dynamic change trend of SmWRKY, biosynthetic genes, and medicinal ingredients accumulation. Base on those date, a correlation analysis using Pearson’s correlation coefficient was performed to construct gene-to-metabolite network and identify 9 SmWRKYs (SmWRKY1, 7, 19, 29, 45, 52, 56, 58, and 68), which were most likely to be involved in tanshinones and phenolic acids biosynthesis. Taken together, this study has provided a significant resource that could be used for further research on SmWRKY in S. miltiorrhiza and especially could be used as a cue for further investigating SmWRKY functions in secondary metabolite accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haizheng Yu
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) & Ministry of Water Resources (MWR), Yangling 712100, China.
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Wanli Guo
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Dongfeng Yang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Zhuoni Hou
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Zongsuo Liang
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) & Ministry of Water Resources (MWR), Yangling 712100, China.
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Garrido-Bigotes A, Figueroa NE, Figueroa PM, Figueroa CR. Jasmonate signalling pathway in strawberry: Genome-wide identification, molecular characterization and expression of JAZs and MYCs during fruit development and ripening. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0197118. [PMID: 29746533 PMCID: PMC5944998 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Jasmonates (JAs) are signalling molecules involved in stress responses, development and secondary metabolism biosynthesis, although their roles in fleshy-fruit development and ripening processes are not well known. In strawberry fruit, it has been proposed that JAs could regulate the early development through the activation of the JAs biosynthesis. Moreover, it has been reported that JA treatment increases anthocyanin content in strawberry fruit involving the bioactive jasmonate biosynthesis. Nevertheless, JA signalling pathway, of which main components are the COI1-JAZ co-receptor and the MYC transcription factors (TFs), has not been characterized in strawberry until now. Here we identified and characterized the woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca) JAZ and MYC genes as well as studied their expression during development and ripening stages in commercial strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) fruit. We described twelve putative JAZ proteins and two MYC TFs, which showed high conservation with respect to their orthologs in Arabidopsis thaliana and in other fleshy-fruit species such as Malus × domestica, Vitis vinifera and Solanum lycopersicum as revealed by gene synteny and phylogenetic analyses. Noteworthy, their expression levels exhibited a significant decrease from fruit development to ripening stages in F. × ananassa, along with others of the JA signalling-related genes such as FaNINJA and FaJAMs, encoding for negative regulators of JA responses. Moreover, we found that main JA signalling-related genes such as FaMYC2, and FaJAZ1 are promptly induced by JA treatment at early times in F. × ananassa fruit. These results suggest the conservation of the canonical JA signalling pathway in strawberry and a possible role of this pathway in early strawberry fruit development, which also correlates negatively with the beginning of the ripening process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Garrido-Bigotes
- Phytohormone Research Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
- Doctorate Program in Forest Sciences, Faculty of Forest Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Nicolás E. Figueroa
- Phytohormone Research Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Pablo M. Figueroa
- Phytohormone Research Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Carlos R. Figueroa
- Phytohormone Research Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
- * E-mail:
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Cao W, Wang Y, Shi M, Hao X, Zhao W, Wang Y, Ren J, Kai G. Transcription Factor SmWRKY1 Positively Promotes the Biosynthesis of Tanshinones in Salvia miltiorrhiza. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:554. [PMID: 29755494 PMCID: PMC5934499 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Tanshinones, one group of bioactive diterpenes, were widely used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. WRKYs play important roles in plant metabolism, but their regulation mechanism in Salvia miltiorrhiza remains elusive. In this study, one WRKY transcription factor SmWRKY1 was isolated and functionally characterized from S. miltiorrhiza. Multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic tree analysis showed SmWRKY1 shared high homology with other plant WRKYs such as CrWRKY1. SmWRKY1 was found predominantly expressed in leaves and stems, and was responsive to salicylic acid (SA), methyl jasmonate (MeJA), and nitric oxide (NO) treatment. Subcellular localization analysis found that SmWRKY1 was localized in the nucleus. Over-expression of SmWRKY1 significantly elevated the transcripts of genes coding for enzymes in the MEP pathway especially 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase (SmDXS) and 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate reductoisomerase (SmDXR), resulted in over fivefold increase in tanshinones production in transgenic lines (up to 13.7 mg/g DW) compared with the control lines. A dual-luciferase (Dual-LUC) assay showed that SmWRKY1 can positively regulate SmDXR expression by binding to its promoter. Our work revealed that SmWRKY1 participated in the regulation of tanshinones biosynthesis and acted as a positive regulator through activating SmDXR in the MEP pathway, thus provided a new insight to further explore the regulation mechanism of tanshinones biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhi Cao
- Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Shi
- Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolong Hao
- Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiwei Zhao
- Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Ren
- Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoyin Kai
- Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
- College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Pei T, Ma P, Ding K, Liu S, Jia Y, Ru M, Dong J, Liang Z. SmJAZ8 acts as a core repressor regulating JA-induced biosynthesis of salvianolic acids and tanshinones in Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy roots. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:1663-1678. [PMID: 29281115 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Jasmonates (JAs) are important plant hormones that regulate a variety of plant development and defense processes, including biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. The JASMONATE ZIM DOMAIN (JAZ) proteins act as negative regulators in the JA signaling pathways of plants. We first verified that methyl jasmonate (MeJA) enhanced the accumulation of both salvianolic acids and tanshinones in Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen) hairy roots by inducing the expression of their biosynthetic pathway genes. Nine JAZ genes were cloned from Danshen and their expression levels in hairy roots were all increased by treatment with MeJA. When analyzed in detail, however, SmJAZ8 showed the strongest expression in the induced hairy roots. Overexpression or RNAi of SmJAZ8 deregulated or up-regulated the yields of salvianolic acids and tanshinones in the MeJA-induced transgenic hairy roots, respectively, and transcription factors and biosynthetic pathway genes showed an expression pattern that mirrored the production of the compounds. Genetic transformation of SmJAZ8 altered the expression of other SmJAZ genes, suggesting evidence of crosstalk occurring in JAZ-regulated secondary metabolism. Furthermore, the transcriptome analysis revealed a primary-secondary metabolism balance regulated by SmJAZ8. Altogether, we propose a novel role for SmJAZ8 as a negative feedback loop controller in the JA-induced biosynthesis of salvianolic acids and tanshinones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianlin Pei
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
| | - Pengda Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
| | - Kai Ding
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
| | - Sijia Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yanyan Jia
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
| | - Mei Ru
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
| | - Juane Dong
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
| | - Zongsuo Liang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
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Zhang Y, Xu Z, Ji A, Luo H, Song J. Genomic survey of bZIP transcription factor genes related to tanshinone biosynthesis in Salvia miltiorrhiza. Acta Pharm Sin B 2018; 8:295-305. [PMID: 29719790 PMCID: PMC5925414 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tanshinones are a class of bioactive components in the traditional Chinese medicine Salvia miltiorrhiza, and their biosynthesis and regulation have been widely studied. Current studies show that basic leucine zipper (bZIP) proteins regulate plant secondary metabolism, growth and developmental processes. However, the bZIP transcription factors involved in tanshinone biosynthesis are unknown. Here, we conducted the first genome-wide survey of the bZIP gene family and analyzed the phylogeny, gene structure, additional conserved motifs and alternative splicing events in S. miltiorrhiza. A total of 70 SmbZIP transcription factors were identified and categorized into 11 subgroups based on their phylogenetic relationships with those in Arabidopsis. Moreover, seventeen SmbZIP genes underwent alternative splicing events. According to the transcriptomic data, the SmbZIP genes that were highly expressed in the Danshen root and periderm were selected. Based on the prediction of bZIP binding sites in the promoters and the co-expression analysis and co-induction patterns in response to Ag+ treatment via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), we concluded that SmbZIP7 and SmbZIP20 potentially participate in the regulation of tanshinone biosynthesis. These results provide a foundation for further functional characterization of the candidate SmbZIP genes, which have the potential to increase tanshinone production.
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Dalla Costa L, Emanuelli F, Trenti M, Moreno-Sanz P, Lorenzi S, Coller E, Moser S, Slaghenaufi D, Cestaro A, Larcher R, Gribaudo I, Costantini L, Malnoy M, Grando MS. Induction of Terpene Biosynthesis in Berries of Microvine Transformed with VvDXS1 Alleles. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 8:2244. [PMID: 29387072 PMCID: PMC5776104 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.02244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Terpenoids, especially monoterpenes, are major aroma-impact compounds in grape and wine. Previous studies highlighted a key regulatory role for grapevine 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase 1 (VvDXS1), the first enzyme of the methylerythritol phosphate pathway for isoprenoid precursor biosynthesis. Here, the parallel analysis of VvDXS1 genotype and terpene concentration in a germplasm collection demonstrated that VvDXS1 sequence has a very high predictive value for the accumulation of monoterpenes and also has an influence on sesquiterpene levels. A metabolic engineering approach was applied by expressing distinct VvDXS1 alleles in the grapevine model system "microvine" and assessing the effects on downstream pathways at transcriptional and metabolic level in different organs and fruit developmental stages. The underlying goal was to investigate two potential perturbation mechanisms, the former based on a significant over-expression of the wild-type (neutral) VvDXS1 allele and the latter on the ex-novo expression of an enzyme with increased catalytic efficiency from the mutated (muscat) VvDXS1 allele. The integration of the two VvDXS1 alleles in distinct microvine lines was found to alter the expression of several terpenoid biosynthetic genes, as assayed through an ad hoc developed TaqMan array based on cDNA libraries of four aromatic cultivars. In particular, enhanced transcription of monoterpene, sesquiterpene and carotenoid pathway genes was observed. The accumulation of monoterpenes in ripe berries was higher in the transformed microvines compared to control plants. This effect is predominantly attributed to the improved activity of the VvDXS1 enzyme coded by the muscat allele, whereas the up-regulation of VvDXS1 plays a secondary role in the increase of monoterpenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenza Dalla Costa
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crop Department, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Francesco Emanuelli
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crop Department, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Trenti
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crop Department, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Paula Moreno-Sanz
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crop Department, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
- Center Agriculture Food Environment, University of Trento, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Silvia Lorenzi
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crop Department, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Emanuela Coller
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Computational Biology Platform, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Sergio Moser
- Technology Transfer Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Experiment and Technological Services Department, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Davide Slaghenaufi
- Technology Transfer Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Experiment and Technological Services Department, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cestaro
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Computational Biology Platform, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Roberto Larcher
- Technology Transfer Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Experiment and Technological Services Department, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Ivana Gribaudo
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection—CNR, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Laura Costantini
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crop Department, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Mickael Malnoy
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crop Department, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - M. Stella Grando
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crop Department, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
- Center Agriculture Food Environment, University of Trento, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
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Du T, Niu J, Su J, Li S, Guo X, Li L, Cao X, Kang J. SmbHLH37 Functions Antagonistically With SmMYC2 in Regulating Jasmonate-Mediated Biosynthesis of Phenolic Acids in Salvia miltiorrhiza. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1720. [PMID: 30524467 PMCID: PMC6262058 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Jasmonates (JAs) are integral to various defense responses and induce biosynthesis of many secondary metabolites. MYC2, a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor (TF), acts as a transcriptional activator of JA signaling. MYC2 is repressed by the JASMONATE ZIM-domain (JAZ) proteins in the absence of JA, but de-repressed by the protein complex SCFCOI1 on perception of JA. We previously reported that overexpression of SmMYC2 promotes the production of salvianolic acid B (Sal B) in Salvia miltiorrhiza. However, the responsible molecular mechanism is unclear. Here, we showed that SmMYC2 binds to and activates the promoters of its target genes SmTAT1, SmPAL1, and SmCYP98A14 to activate Sal B accumulations. SmbHLH37, a novel bHLH gene significantly up-regulated by constitutive expression of SmMYC2, was isolated from S. miltiorrhiza for detailed functional characterization. SmbHLH37 forms a homodimer and interacts with SmJAZ3/8. Overexpression of SmbHLH37 substantially decreased yields of Sal B. SmbHLH37 binds to the promoters of its target genes SmTAT1 and SmPAL1 and blocks their expression to suppress the pathway for Sal B biosynthesis. These results indicate that SmbHLH37 negatively regulates JA signaling and functions antagonistically with SmMYC2 in regulating Sal B biosynthesis in S. miltiorrhiza.
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Zhang M, Jin X, Chen Y, Wei M, Liao W, Zhao S, Fu C, Yu L. TcMYC2a, a Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factor, Transduces JA-Signals and Regulates Taxol Biosynthesis in Taxus chinensis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:863. [PMID: 29977250 PMCID: PMC6021540 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The multitherapeutic taxol, which can be obtained from Taxus spp., is the most widely used anticancer drug. Taxol biosynthesis is significantly regulated by jasmonate acid (JA), one of the most important endogenous hormones in land plants. Nevertheless, the JA-inducing mechanism remains poorly understood. MYC2 is one of the key regulators of JA signal transfer and the biosynthesis of various secondary metabolites. Here, TcMYC2a was identified to contain a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH)-leucine zipper domain, a bHLH-MYC_N domain, and a BIF/ACT-like domain. TcMYC2a was also found to bind with TcJAZ3 in yeast, which was a homolog of Arabidopsis JASMONATE ZIM-domain JAZ proteins, indicating that TcMYC2a had a similar function to AtMYC2 of JA signal transduction. TcMYC2a was able to affect the expression of GUS reporter gene by binding with the T/G-box, G-box, and E-box, which were the key cis-elements of TASY and TcERF12/15 promoter. TcMYC2a overexpression also led to significantly increased expression of TASY, tat, dbtnbt, t13h, and t5h genes. Additionally, TcERF15, which played the positive role to regulate tasy gene, was up-regulated by TcMYC2a. All these results revealed that TcMYC2a can regulate taxol biosynthesis either directly or via ERF regulators depending on JA signaling transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Resource Biology and Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaofei Jin
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Resource Biology and Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Resource Biology and Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mi Wei
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Resource Biology and Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weifang Liao
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Resource Biology and Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shengying Zhao
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Resource Biology and Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunhua Fu
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Resource Biology and Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Chunhua Fu, Longjiang Yu,
| | - Longjiang Yu
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Resource Biology and Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Chunhua Fu, Longjiang Yu,
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Yang N, Zhou W, Su J, Wang X, Li L, Wang L, Cao X, Wang Z. Overexpression of SmMYC2 Increases the Production of Phenolic Acids in Salvia miltiorrhiza. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1804. [PMID: 29230228 PMCID: PMC5708653 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
MYC2 is a core transcription factor in the plant response to jasmonates. It also functions in secondary metabolism and various processes for growth and development. However, the knowledge about its role in Salvia miltiorrhiza is still very limited. We determined that the biosynthesis of salvianolic acid B (Sal B) was strongly induced in 2-month-old transgenic plants that over-expressed SmMYC2. In the roots of transgenic line 12 that over-expressed SmMYC2 (OEM-12), the Sal B concentration was as high as 5.95 ± 0.07 mg g-1, a level that was 1.88-fold higher than that in control plants that had been transformed with an empty vector. Neither tanshinone IIA nor cryptotanshinone was detected by high-performance liquid chromatography in any of the genotypes. Global transcriptomic analysis using RNA sequencing revealed that most enzyme-encoding genes for the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway were up-regulated in the overexpression lines. Furthermore, both the phenylalanine and tyrosine biosynthesis pathways were activated in those transgenics. Our data demonstrate that overexpression of SmMYC2 promotes the production of phenolic acids by simultaneously activating both primary and secondary pathways for metabolism in S. miltiorrhiza.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiaoyan Cao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhezhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
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Wasternack C, Strnad M. Jasmonates are signals in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites - Pathways, transcription factors and applied aspects - A brief review. N Biotechnol 2017; 48:1-11. [PMID: 29017819 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2017.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Jasmonates (JAs) are signals in plant stress responses and development. One of the first observed and prominent responses to JAs is the induction of biosynthesis of different groups of secondary compounds. Among them are nicotine, isoquinolines, glucosinolates, anthocyanins, benzophenanthridine alkaloids, artemisinin, and terpenoid indole alkaloids (TIAs), such as vinblastine. This brief review describes modes of action of JAs in the biosynthesis of anthocyanins, nicotine, TIAs, glucosinolates and artemisinin. After introducing JA biosynthesis, the central role of the SCFCOI1-JAZ co-receptor complex in JA perception and MYB-type and MYC-type transcription factors is described. Brief comments are provided on primary metabolites as precursors of secondary compounds. Pathways for the biosynthesis of anthocyanin, nicotine, TIAs, glucosinolates and artemisinin are described with an emphasis on JA-dependent transcription factors, which activate or repress the expression of essential genes encoding enzymes in the biosynthesis of these secondary compounds. Applied aspects are discussed using the biotechnological formation of artemisinin as an example of JA-induced biosynthesis of secondary compounds in plant cell factories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claus Wasternack
- Department of Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle (Saale) Germany; Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR & Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 11, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Miroslav Strnad
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR & Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 11, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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72
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Liu Y, Sun G, Zhong Z, Ji L, Zhang Y, Zhou J, Zheng X, Deng K. Overexpression of AtEDT1 promotes root elongation and affects medicinal secondary metabolite biosynthesis in roots of transgenic Salvia miltiorrhiza. PROTOPLASMA 2017; 254:1617-1625. [PMID: 27915455 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-016-1045-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal secondary metabolites (salvianolic acids and tanshinones) are valuable natural bioactive compounds in Salvia miltiorrhiza and have widespread applications. Improvement of medicinal secondary metabolite accumulation through biotechnology is necessary and urgent to satisfy their increasing demand. Herein, it was demonstrated that the overexpression of the transcription factor Arabidopsis thaliana-enhanced drought tolerance 1 (AtEDT1) could affect medicinal secondary metabolite accumulation. In this study, we observed that the transgenic lines significantly conferred drought tolerance phenotype. Meanwhile, we found that the overexpression of AtEDT1 promoted root elongation in S. miltiorrhiza. Interestingly, we also found that the overexpression of AtEDT1 determined the accumulation of salvianolic acids, such as rosmarinic acid, lithospermic acid, salvianolic acid B, and total salvianolic acids due to the induction of the expression levels of salvianolic acid biosynthetic genes. Conversely, S. miltiorrhiza plants overexpressing the AtEDT1 transgene showed a decrease in tanshinone synthesis. Our results demonstrated that the overexpression of AtEDT1 significantly increased the accumulation of salvianolic acids in S. miltiorrhiza. Further studies are required to better elucidate the functional role of AtEDT1 in the regulation of phytochemical compound synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
- Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Geng Sun
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
- Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Zhaohui Zhong
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
- Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Linyi Ji
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
- Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
- Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Jianping Zhou
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
- Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Xuelian Zheng
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China.
- Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China.
| | - Kejun Deng
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China.
- Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China.
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73
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Wei T, Deng K, Zhang Q, Gao Y, Liu Y, Yang M, Zhang L, Zheng X, Wang C, Liu Z, Chen C, Zhang Y. Modulating AtDREB1C Expression Improves Drought Tolerance in Salvia miltiorrhiza. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:52. [PMID: 28174590 PMCID: PMC5259653 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Dehydration responsive element binding proteins are transcription factors of the plant-specific AP2 family, many of which contribute to abiotic stress responses in several plant species. We investigated the possibility of increasing drought tolerance in the traditional Chinese medicinal herb, Salvia miltiorrhiza, through modulating the transcriptional regulation of AtDREB1C in transgenic plants under the control of a constitutive (35S) or drought-inducible (RD29A) promoter. AtDREB1C transgenic S. miltiorrhiza plants showed increased survival under severe drought conditions compared to the non-transgenic wild-type (WT) control. However, transgenic plants with constitutive overexpression of AtDREB1C showed considerable dwarfing relative to WT. Physiological tests suggested that the higher chlorophyll content, photosynthetic capacity, and superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase activity in the transgenic plants enhanced plant drought stress resistance compared to WT. Transcriptome analysis of S. miltiorrhiza following drought stress identified a number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the AtDREB1C transgenic lines and WT. These DEGs are involved in photosynthesis, plant hormone signal transduction, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, ribosome, starch and sucrose metabolism, and other metabolic pathways. The modified pathways involved in plant hormone signaling are thought to be one of the main causes of the increased drought tolerance of AtDREB1C transgenic S. miltiorrhiza plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wei
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai UniversityTianjin, China
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu, China
| | - Kejun Deng
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu, China
- Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu, China
| | - Qingxia Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai UniversityTianjin, China
| | - Yonghong Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai UniversityTianjin, China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu, China
- Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu, China
| | - Meiling Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai UniversityTianjin, China
| | - Lipeng Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai UniversityTianjin, China
| | - Xuelian Zheng
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu, China
- Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu, China
| | - Chunguo Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai UniversityTianjin, China
| | - Zhiwei Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai UniversityTianjin, China
| | - Chengbin Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai UniversityTianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Chengbin Chen, Yong Zhang,
| | - Yong Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu, China
- Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Chengbin Chen, Yong Zhang,
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Chen C, Zhang Y, Qiakefu K, Zhang X, Han LM, Hua WP, Yan YP, Wang ZZ. Overexpression of Tomato Prosystemin (LePS) Enhances Pest Resistance and the Production of Tanshinones in Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:7760-7769. [PMID: 27690419 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b02844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Tanshinones are a group of active diterpenes with pharmacological properties that are widely used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Jasmonate (JA) acts as an elicitor to enhance tanshinone biosynthesis in Salvia miltiorrhiza. However, because of high labor costs and undesirable chemical characteristics, the use of JA elicitation is still in the experimental stage. In our experiments, the overexpression of Lycopersicon esculentum (tomato) Prosystemin (LePS) in transgenic plants of S. miltiorrhiza increased their JA concentrations, significantly enhanced the production of tanshinone, and activated the expression of key genes in the tanshinone biosynthesis pathway. Meanwhile, the relative levels of metabolites related to defense such as sterols, terpenes, and phenolic acids were also increased in our OEP lines. In addition, when the larvae of cotton bollworms (Heliothis armigera) were fed with leaves from transgenic lines, their mortality rates rose by nearly 4-fold when compared to that of larvae exposed to leaves from the nontransformed wild type. Our study provides a new strategy for genetic engineering by which tanshinone production and pest resistance can be improved in S. miltiorrhiza. This is accomplished by simulating the wounding signal that increases the endogenous levels of JA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University , 710119, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University , 710119, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Kuliman Qiakefu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University , 710119, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University , 710119, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Li-Min Han
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University , 710119, Xi'an, P. R. China
- College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Shaanxi Xueqian Normal University , 710110, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Ping Hua
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University , 710119, Xi'an, P. R. China
- College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Shaanxi Xueqian Normal University , 710110, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Ping Yan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University , 710119, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Zhe-Zhi Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University , 710119, Xi'an, P. R. China
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Goossens J, Fernández-Calvo P, Schweizer F, Goossens A. Jasmonates: signal transduction components and their roles in environmental stress responses. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 68:1333-1347. [PMID: 27927998 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Jasmonates, oxylipin-type plant hormones, are implicated in diverse aspects of plant growth development and interaction with the environment. Following diverse developmental and environmental cues, jasmonate is produced, conjugated to the amino acid isoleucine and perceived by a co-receptor complex composed of the Jasmonate ZIM-domain (JAZ) repressor proteins and an E3 ubiquitin ligase complex containing the F-box CORONATINE INSENSITIVE 1 (COI1). This event triggers the degradation of the JAZ proteins and the release of numerous transcription factors, including MYC2 and its homologues, which are otherwise bound and inhibited by the JAZ repressors. Here, we will review the role of the COI1, JAZ and MYC2 proteins in the interaction of the plant with its environment, illustrating the significance of jasmonate signalling, and of the proteins involved, for responses to both biotic stresses caused by insects and numerous microbial pathogens and abiotic stresses caused by adverse climatic conditions. It has also become evident that crosstalk with other hormone signals, as well as light and clock signals, plays an important role in the control and fine-tuning of these stress responses. Finally, we will discuss how several pathogens exploit the jasmonate perception and early signalling machinery to decoy the plants defence systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Goossens
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Patricia Fernández-Calvo
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Fabian Schweizer
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Alain Goossens
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.
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