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Gonçalves DPN, Ogolla T, Hegmann T. Chirality Transfer from an Innately Chiral Nanocrystal Core to a Nematic Liquid Crystal 2: Lyotropic Chromonic Liquid Crystals. Chemphyschem 2023; 24:e202200685. [PMID: 36197761 PMCID: PMC10092345 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The importance of and the difference between molecular versus structural core chirality of substances that form nanomaterials, and their ability to transmit and amplify their chirality to and within a surrounding condensed medium is yet to be exactly understood. Here we demonstrate that neat as well as disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) surface-modified cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with both molecular and morphological core chirality can induce homochirality in racemic nematic lyotropic chromonic liquid crystal (rac-N-LCLC) tactoids. In comparison to the parent chiral organic building blocks, D-glucose, endowed only with molecular chirality, both CNCs showed a superior chirality transfer ability. Here, particularly the structurally compatible DSCG-modified CNCs prove to be highly effective since the surface DSCG moieties can insert into the DSCG stacks that constitute the racemic tactoids. Overall, this presents a highly efficient pathway for chiral induction in an aqueous medium and thus for understanding the origins of biological homochirality in a suitable experimental system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana P N Gonçalves
- Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute and, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242-0001, USA
| | - Timothy Ogolla
- Materials Science Graduate Program, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242-0001, USA
| | - Torsten Hegmann
- Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute and, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242-0001, USA.,Materials Science Graduate Program, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242-0001, USA
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52
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Recent developments in GO/Cellulose based composites: Properties, synthesis, and its applications. POLYMER 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2023.125786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
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53
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Aggarwal R, Garg AK, Saini D, Sonkar SK, Sonker AK, Westman G. Cellulose Nanocrystals Derived from Microcrystalline Cellulose for Selective Removal of Janus Green Azo Dye. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c03365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Aggarwal
- Department of Chemistry, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, Jaipur302017, India
| | - Anjali Kumari Garg
- Department of Chemistry, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, Jaipur302017, India
| | - Deepika Saini
- Department of Chemistry, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, Jaipur302017, India
| | - Sumit Kumar Sonkar
- Department of Chemistry, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, Jaipur302017, India
| | - Amit Kumar Sonker
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg41296, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center (WWSC), Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg41296, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Westman
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg41296, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center (WWSC), Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg41296, Sweden
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54
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Heise K, Koso T, King AWT, Nypelö T, Penttilä P, Tardy BL, Beaumont M. Spatioselective surface chemistry for the production of functional and chemically anisotropic nanocellulose colloids. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY. A 2022; 10:23413-23432. [PMID: 36438677 PMCID: PMC9664451 DOI: 10.1039/d2ta05277f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Maximizing the benefits of nanomaterials from biomass requires unique considerations associated with their native chemical and physical structure. Both cellulose nanofibrils and nanocrystals are extracted from cellulose fibers via a top-down approach and have significantly advanced materials chemistry and set new benchmarks in the last decade. One major challenge has been to prepare defined and selectively modified nanocelluloses, which would, e.g., allow optimal particle interactions and thereby further improve the properties of processed materials. At the molecular and crystallite level, the surface of nanocelluloses offers an alternating chemical structure and functional groups of different reactivity, enabling straightforward avenues towards chemically anisotropic and molecularly patterned nanoparticles via spatioselective chemical modification. In this review, we will explain the influence and role of the multiscale hierarchy of cellulose fibers in chemical modifications, and critically discuss recent advances in selective surface chemistry of nanocelluloses. Finally, we will demonstrate the potential of those chemically anisotropic nanocelluloses in materials science and discuss challenges and opportunities in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Heise
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University P.O. Box 16300 FI-00076 Aalto Espoo Finland
| | - Tetyana Koso
- Materials Chemistry Division, Chemistry Department, University of Helsinki FI-00560 Helsinki Finland
| | - Alistair W T King
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Biomaterial Processing and Products 02044 Espoo Finland
| | - Tiina Nypelö
- Chalmers University of Technology 41296 Gothenburg Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Chalmers University of Technology 41296 Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Paavo Penttilä
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University P.O. Box 16300 FI-00076 Aalto Espoo Finland
| | - Blaise L Tardy
- Khalifa University, Department of Chemical Engineering Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates
- Center for Membrane and Advanced Water Technology, Khalifa University Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates
- Research and Innovation Center on CO2 and Hydrogen, Khalifa University Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates
| | - Marco Beaumont
- Institute of Chemistry of Renewable Resources, Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Konrad-Lorenz-Str. 24 A-3430 Tulln Austria
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55
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Mugo SM, Lu W, Robertson SV. Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Modified Microneedle Sensor for the Detection of Imidacloprid Pesticides in Food Samples. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:8492. [PMID: 36366189 PMCID: PMC9655949 DOI: 10.3390/s22218492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A portable, molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP)-based microneedle (MN) sensor for the electrochemical detection of imidacloprid (IDP) has been demonstrated. The MN sensor was fabricated via layer-by-layer (LbL) in-tube coating using a carbon nanotube (CNT)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) composite, and an IDP-imprinted polyaniline layer co-polymerized with imidazole-functionalized CNCs (PANI-co-CNC-Im) as the biomimetic receptor film. The sensor, termed MIP@CNT/CNC MN, was analyzed using both cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and showed excellent electrochemical performance for the detection of IDP. The CV detection range for IDP was 2.0-99 µM, with limits of detection (LOD) of 0.35 µM, while the DPV detection range was 0.20-92 µM with an LOD of 0.06 µM. Additionally, the MIP@CNT/CNC MN sensor showed excellent reusability and could be used up to nine times with a 1.4 % relative standard deviation (% RSD) between uses. Lastly, the MIP@CNT/CNC MN sensor successfully demonstrated the quantification of IDP in a honey sample.
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56
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Surface modification of cellulose via photo-induced click reaction. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 301:120321. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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57
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Lalanne-Tisné M, Eyley S, De Winter J, Favrelle-Huret A, Thielemans W, Zinck P. Cellulose nanocrystals modification by grafting from ring opening polymerization of a cyclic carbonate. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 295:119840. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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58
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Dorieh A, Ayrilmis N, Farajollah Pour M, Ghafari Movahed S, Valizadeh Kiamahalleh M, Shahavi MH, Hatefnia H, Mehdinia M. Phenol formaldehyde resin modified by cellulose and lignin nanomaterials: Review and recent progress. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 222:1888-1907. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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59
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Kumar R, Chauhan S. Cellulose nanocrystals based delivery vehicles for anticancer agent curcumin. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 221:842-864. [PMID: 36100000 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a complex disease that starts with genetic alterations and mutations in healthy cells. The past decade has witnessed a huge demand for new biocompatibility and high-performance intelligent drug delivery systems. Curcumin (CUR) is a bioactive stimulant with numerous medical benefits. However, because of its hydrophobic nature, it has low bioavailability. The utilization of many biobased materials has been found to improve the loading of hydrophobic drugs. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with exceptional qualities and a wide range of applications, feature strong hydrophilicity and lipophilicity, great emulsification stability, high crystallinity and outstanding mechanical attributes. In this review, numerous CNCs-based composites have been evaluated for involvement in the controlled release of CUR. The first part of the review deals with recent advancements in the extraction of CNCs from lignocellulose biomass. The second elaborates some recent developments in the post-processing of CNCs in conjunction with other materials like natural polymers, synthetic polymers, β-CD, and surfactants for CUR loading/encapsulation and controlled release. Furthermore, numerous CUR drug delivery systems, challenges, and techniques for effective loading/encapsulation of CUR on CNCs-based composites have been presented. Finally, conclusions and future outlooks are also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Jagdish Chandra DAV College, Dasuya, Punjab 144205, India.
| | - Sandeep Chauhan
- Department of Chemistry, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, 171005, India
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60
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Miura D, Sekine Y, Nankawa T, Sugita T, Oba Y, Hiroi K, Ohzawa T. Microscopic structural changes during the freeze cross-linking reaction in carboxymethyl cellulose nanofiber hydrogels. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2022.100251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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61
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Bangar SP, Harussani M, Ilyas R, Ashogbon AO, Singh A, Trif M, Jafari SM. Surface modifications of cellulose nanocrystals: Processes, properties, and applications. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.107689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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62
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Hydrophobic and lipophilic cellulose nanocrystal aerogel prepared by methyltrichlorosilane via vapor‐phase reaction. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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63
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El Miri N, Heggset EB, Wallsten S, Svedberg A, Syverud K, Norgren M. A comprehensive investigation on modified cellulose nanocrystals and their films properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 219:998-1008. [PMID: 35963351 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.08.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we aimed to tune cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) properties by introducing different functional groups (aldehyde, carboxyl, silane, and ammonium groups) on the surface through different chemical modifications. These functional groups were obtained by combining: the periodate oxidation with TEMPO-oxidation, aminosylation or cationization. CNCs produced and their films were characterized to elucidate their performances. The results showed that the properties of obtained CNCs varied depending on the grafted functionalities on the surface. The results reveal that after each modification a colloidal stability is preserved. Interestingly, Periodate oxidation of cellulose nanocrystals results in film components that interact through intra- and intermolecular hemiacetals and lead to films with a tensile strength of 116 MPa compared to the pristine CNCs, in contrast the subsequent modifications led to lower tensile strength. Of note, remarkable thermal stability has been achieved after modifications reaching a maximum of 280 °C. The oxygen barrier properties of the films after modifications varied between 0.48 and 0.54 cm3μm/(m2d*kPa) at 50 % RH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nassima El Miri
- FSCN, Surface and Colloid Engineering, Mid Sweden University, SE-851 70 Sundsvall, Sweden.
| | | | - Sara Wallsten
- MoRe Research Örnsköldsvik AB, Hörneborgsvägen 10, SE-892 50 Domsjö, Sweden
| | - Anna Svedberg
- MoRe Research Örnsköldsvik AB, Hörneborgsvägen 10, SE-892 50 Domsjö, Sweden
| | | | - Magnus Norgren
- FSCN, Surface and Colloid Engineering, Mid Sweden University, SE-851 70 Sundsvall, Sweden
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64
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Shen P, Tang Q, Chen X, Li Z. Nanocrystalline cellulose extracted from bast fibers: Preparation, characterization, and application. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 290:119462. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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65
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Li Z, Anankanbil S, Li L, Lyu J, Nadzieja M, Guo Z. Alkylsuccinylated oxidized cellulose-based amphiphiles as a novel multi-purpose ingredient for stabilizing O/W emulsions. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.108014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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66
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Koso T, Beaumont M, Tardy BL, Rico Del Cerro D, Eyley S, Thielemans W, Rojas OJ, Kilpeläinen I, King AWT. Highly regioselective surface acetylation of cellulose and shaped cellulose constructs in the gas-phase. GREEN CHEMISTRY : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL AND GREEN CHEMISTRY RESOURCE : GC 2022; 24:5604-5613. [PMID: 35924208 PMCID: PMC9290444 DOI: 10.1039/d2gc01141g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Gas-phase acylation is an attractive and sustainable method for modifying the surface properties of cellulosics. However, little is known concerning the regioselectivity of the chemistry, i.e., which cellulose hydroxyls are preferentially acylated and if acylation can be restricted to the surface, preserving crystallinities/morphologies. Consequently, we reexplore simple gas-phase acetylation of modern-day cellulosic building blocks - cellulose nanocrystals, pulps, dry-jet wet spun (regenerated cellulose) fibres and a nanocellulose-based aerogel. Using advanced analytics, we show that the gas-phase acetylation is highly regioselective for the C6-OH, a finding also supported by DFT-based transition-state modelling on a crystalloid surface. This contrasts with acid- and base-catalysed liquid-phase acetylation methods, highlighting that gas-phase chemistry is much more controllable, yet with similar kinetics, to the uncatalyzed liquid-phase reactions. Furthermore, this method preserves both the native (or regenerated) crystalline structure of the cellulose and the supramolecular morphology of even delicate cellulosic constructs (nanocellulose aerogel exhibiting chiral cholesteric liquid crystalline phases). Due to the soft nature of this chemistry and an ability to finely control the kinetics, yielding highly regioselective low degree of substitution products, we are convinced this method will facilitate the rapid adoption of precisely tailored and biodegradable cellulosic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetyana Koso
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki AI Virtasen aukio 1 00560 Helsinki Finland
| | - Marco Beaumont
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry for Renewable Resources, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU) Tulln Austria
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University Espoo Finland
| | - Blaise L Tardy
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University Espoo Finland
| | - Daniel Rico Del Cerro
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki AI Virtasen aukio 1 00560 Helsinki Finland
| | - Samuel Eyley
- Sustainable Materials Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven Campus Kortrijk Etienne Sabbelaan 53 8500 Kortrijk Belgium
| | - Wim Thielemans
- Sustainable Materials Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven Campus Kortrijk Etienne Sabbelaan 53 8500 Kortrijk Belgium
| | - Orlando J Rojas
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University Espoo Finland
- Bioproducts Institute, Departments of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chemistry and Wood Science, University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Ilkka Kilpeläinen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki AI Virtasen aukio 1 00560 Helsinki Finland
| | - Alistair W T King
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki AI Virtasen aukio 1 00560 Helsinki Finland
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd Tietotie 4e 02150 Espoo Finland
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67
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A Review of Properties of Nanocellulose, Its Synthesis, and Potential in Biomedical Applications. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12147090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose is the most venerable and essential natural polymer on the planet and is drawing greater attention in the form of nanocellulose, considered an innovative and influential material in the biomedical field. Because of its exceptional physicochemical characteristics, biodegradability, biocompatibility, and high mechanical strength, nanocellulose attracts considerable scientific attention. Plants, algae, and microorganisms are some of the familiar sources of nanocellulose and are usually grouped as cellulose nanocrystal (CNC), cellulose nanofibril (CNF), and bacterial nanocellulose (BNC). The current review briefly highlights nanocellulose classification and its attractive properties. Further functionalization or chemical modifications enhance the effectiveness and biodegradability of nanocellulose. Nanocellulose-based composites, printing methods, and their potential applications in the biomedical field have also been introduced herein. Finally, the study is summarized with future prospects and challenges associated with the nanocellulose-based materials to promote studies resolving the current issues related to nanocellulose for tissue engineering applications.
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68
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Huo Y, Liu Y, Xia M, Du H, Lin Z, Li B, Liu H. Nanocellulose-Based Composite Materials Used in Drug Delivery Systems. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:2648. [PMID: 35808693 PMCID: PMC9268916 DOI: 10.3390/polym14132648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanocellulose has lately emerged as one of the most promising "green" materials due to its unique properties. Nanocellulose can be mainly divided into three types, i.e., cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs), and bacterial cellulose (BC). With the rapid development of technology, nanocellulose has been designed into multidimensional structures, including 1D (nanofibers, microparticles), 2D (films), and 3D (hydrogels, aerogels) materials. Due to its adaptable surface chemistry, high surface area, biocompatibility, and biodegradability, nanocellulose-based composite materials can be further transformed as drug delivery carriers. Herein, nanocellulose-based composite material used for drug delivery was reviewed. The typical drug release behaviors and the drug release mechanisms of nanocellulose-based composite materials were further summarized, and the potential application of nanocellulose-based composite materials was prospected as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (Y.H.); (M.X.); (H.D.)
| | - Yingying Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (Y.H.); (M.X.); (H.D.)
| | - Mingfeng Xia
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (Y.H.); (M.X.); (H.D.)
| | - Hong Du
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (Y.H.); (M.X.); (H.D.)
| | - Zhaoyun Lin
- Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China;
| | - Bin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (Y.H.); (M.X.); (H.D.)
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69
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Rai R, Dhar P. Biomedical engineering aspects of nanocellulose: a review. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:362001. [PMID: 35576914 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac6fef] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose is one of the most abundant renewable biopolymer in nature and is present as major constituent in both plant cell walls as well as synthesized by some microorganisms as extracellular products. In both the systems, cellulose self-assembles into a hierarchical ordered architecture to form micro to nano-fibrillated structures, on basis of which it is classified into various forms. Nanocellulose (NCs) exist as rod-shaped highly crystalline cellulose nanocrystals to high aspect ratio cellulose nanofibers, micro-fibrillated cellulose and bacterial cellulose (BC), depending upon the origin, structural and morphological properties. Moreover, NCs have been processed into diversified products ranging from composite films, coatings, hydrogels, aerogels, xerogels, organogels, rheological modifiers, optically active birefringent colored films using traditional-to-advanced manufacturing techniques. With such versatility in structure-property, NCs have profound application in areas of healthcare, packaging, cosmetics, energy, food, electronics, bioremediation, and biomedicine with promising commercial potential. Herein this review, we highlight the recent advancements in synthesis, fabrication, processing of NCs, with strategic chemical modification routes to tailor its properties for targeted biomedical applications. We also study the basic mechanism and models for biosynthesis of cellulose in both plant and microbial systems and understand the structural insights of NC polymorphism. The kinetics study for both enzymatic/chemical modifications of NCs and microbial growth behavior of BC under various reactor configurations are studied. The challenges associated with the commercial aspects as well as industrial scale production of pristine and functionalized NCs to meet the growing demands of market are discussed and prospective strategies to mitigate them are described. Finally, post chemical modification evaluation of biological and inherent properties of NC are important to determine their efficacy for development of various products and technologies directed for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Rai
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh-221005, India
| | - Prodyut Dhar
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh-221005, India
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70
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Controlled hydrophobic modification of cellulose nanocrystals for tunable Pickering emulsions. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2022.100210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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71
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Brand W, van Kesteren PCE, Swart E, Oomen AG. Overview of potential adverse health effects of oral exposure to nanocellulose. Nanotoxicology 2022; 16:217-246. [PMID: 35624082 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2022.2069057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Nanocellulose is an emerging material for which several food-related applications are foreseen, for example, novel food, functional food, food additive or in food contact materials. Nanocellulose materials can display a range of possible shapes (fibers, crystals), sizes and surface modifications. For food-related applications in the EU, information on the safety of substances must be assessed. The present review summarizes the current knowledge on (possible) adverse health effects of nanocellulose upon oral exposure, keeping EU regulatory aspects in mind. The overview indicates that toxicity data, especially from in vivo studies, are limited and outcomes are not unambiguous. The hazard assessment is further complicated by: the diversity in morphologies and surface modifications, lack of standard reference materials, limited knowledge about intestinal fate and absorption, analytical difficulties in biological matrices, dispersion issues, the possible presence of impurities and interferences within biological assays. Two subchronic in vivo toxicity studies show no indications of toxicity for two specific nanocellulose materials, even at high doses. However, these studies may have missed certain early or nano-specific toxic effects, such as inflammation potential, for which other, subacute studies provide some indications. Most in vitro studies show no cytotoxicity; however, several indicate that effects on oxidative stress and inflammatory responses depend on differences in size or surface treatments. Further, too few studies assessed genotoxicity of nanocelluloses. Therefore, immunotoxicity, oxidative stress and genotoxicity require further attention, as do absorption and effects on nutrient uptake. Recommendations for future research facilitating the safety assessment and safe-by-design of nanocellulose in food-related applications are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Brand
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Petra C E van Kesteren
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Elmer Swart
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Agnes G Oomen
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
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Cellulose Nanocrystals (CNC)-Based Functional Materials for Supercapacitor Applications. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12111828. [PMID: 35683684 PMCID: PMC9182373 DOI: 10.3390/nano12111828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The growth of industrialization and the population has increased the usage of fossil fuels, resulting in the emission of large amounts of CO2. This serious environmental issue can be abated by using sustainable and environmentally friendly materials with promising novel and superior performance as an alternative to petroleum-based plastics. Emerging nanomaterials derived from abundant natural resources have received considerable attention as candidates to replace petroleum-based synthetic polymers. As renewable materials from biomass, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) nanomaterials exhibit unique physicochemical properties, low cost, biocompatibility and biodegradability. Among a plethora of applications, CNCs have become proven nanomaterials for energy applications encompassing energy storage devices and supercapacitors. This review highlights the recent research contribution on novel CNC-conductive materials and CNCs-based nanocomposites, focusing on their synthesis, surface functionalization and potential applications as supercapacitors (SCs). The synthesis of CNCs encompasses various pretreatment steps including acid hydrolysis, mechanical exfoliation and enzymatic and combination processes from renewable carbon sources. For the widespread applications of CNCs, their derivatives such as carboxylated CNCs, aldehyde-CNCs, hydride-CNCs and sulfonated CNC-based materials are more pertinent. The potential applications of CNCs-conductive hybrid composites as SCs, critical technical issues and the future feasibility of this endeavor are highlighted. Discussion is also extended to the transformation of renewable and low-attractive CNCs to conductive nanocomposites using green approaches. This review also addresses the key scientific achievements and industrial uses of nanoscale materials and composites for energy conversion and storage applications.
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73
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Abdelhamid HN, Mathew AP. Cellulose-Based Nanomaterials Advance Biomedicine: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:5405. [PMID: 35628218 PMCID: PMC9140895 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
There are various biomaterials, but none fulfills all requirements. Cellulose biopolymers have advanced biomedicine to satisfy high market demand and circumvent many ecological concerns. This review aims to present an overview of cellulose knowledge and technical biomedical applications such as antibacterial agents, antifouling, wound healing, drug delivery, tissue engineering, and bone regeneration. It includes an extensive bibliography of recent research findings from fundamental and applied investigations. Cellulose-based materials are tailorable to obtain suitable chemical, mechanical, and physical properties required for biomedical applications. The chemical structure of cellulose allows modifications and simple conjugation with several materials, including nanoparticles, without tedious efforts. They render the applications cheap, biocompatible, biodegradable, and easy to shape and process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani Nasser Abdelhamid
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;
- Advanced Multifunctional Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Aji P. Mathew
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;
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74
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Ponnusamy PG, Sundaram J, Mani S. Preparation and characterization of citric acid crosslinked chitosan‐cellulose nanofibrils composite films for packaging applications. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sudhagar Mani
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering University of Georgia Athens Georgia USA
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75
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MOHAMMED A. Studies on Graft Copolymerization Of Acrylic Acid Onto Acetylated Cellulose From Maize Cob. JOURNAL OF THE TURKISH CHEMICAL SOCIETY, SECTION A: CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.18596/jotcsa.1052157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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76
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Jiang Z, Ngai T. Recent Advances in Chemically Modified Cellulose and Its Derivatives for Food Packaging Applications: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14081533. [PMID: 35458283 PMCID: PMC9032711 DOI: 10.3390/polym14081533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The application of cellulose in the food packaging field has gained increasing attention in recent years, driven by the desire for sustainable products. Cellulose can replace petroleum-based plastics because it can be converted to biodegradable and nontoxic polymers from sustainable natural resources. These products have increasingly been used as coatings, self-standing films, and paperboards in food packaging, owing to their promising mechanical and barrier properties. However, their utilization is limited because of the high hydrophilicity of cellulose. With the presence of a large quantity of functionalities within pristine cellulose and its derivatives, these building blocks provide a unique platform for chemical modification via covalent functionalization to introduce stable and permanent functionalities to cellulose. A primary aim of chemical attachment is to reduce the probability of component leaching in wet and softened conditions and to improve the aqueous, oil, water vapor, and oxygen barriers, thereby extending its specific use in the food packaging field. However, chemical modification may affect the desirable mechanical, thermal stabilities and biodegradability exhibited by pristine cellulose. This review exhaustively reports the research progress on cellulose chemical modification techniques and prospective applications of chemically modified cellulose for use in food packaging, including active packaging.
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77
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Stepanova M, Korzhikova-Vlakh E. Modification of Cellulose Micro- and Nanomaterials to Improve Properties of Aliphatic Polyesters/Cellulose Composites: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14071477. [PMID: 35406349 PMCID: PMC9003142 DOI: 10.3390/polym14071477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aliphatic polyesters/cellulose composites have attracted a lot attention due to the perspectives of their application in biomedicine and the production of disposable materials, food packaging, etc. Both aliphatic polyesters and cellulose are biocompatible and biodegradable polymers, which makes them highly promising for the production of “green” composite materials. However, the main challenge in obtaining composites with favorable properties is the poor compatibility of these polymers. Unlike cellulose, which is very hydrophilic, aliphatic polyesters exhibit strong hydrophobic properties. In recent times, the modification of cellulose micro- and nanomaterials is widely considered as a tool to enhance interfacial biocompatibility with aliphatic polyesters and, consequently, improve the properties of composites. This review summarizes the main types and properties of cellulose micro- and nanomaterials as well as aliphatic polyesters used to produce composites with cellulose. In addition, the methods for noncovalent and covalent modification of cellulose materials with small molecules, polymers and nanoparticles have been comprehensively overviewed and discussed. Composite fabrication techniques, as well as the effect of cellulose modification on the mechanical and thermal properties, rate of degradation, and biological compatibility have been also analyzed.
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78
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Preparation, Characterization, and Surface Modification of Cellulose Nanocrystal from Lignocellulosic Biomass for Immobilized Lipase. FIBERS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fib10040033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This study reports the synthesis of cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) from sugarcane bagasse and rice straw as the matrix for immobilized lipase enzyme. The CNC surface was modified using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) to improve the interaction of CNC with glutaraldehyde so that CNC can immobilize lipase effectively. The results showed that after surface modification of CNC using CTAB with concentrations of 2–10 mM, the crystallinity of CNC slightly decreased. The presence of immobilized lipase on the modified CNC was confirmed visibly by the appearance of dark spots using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The bond formed between the enzyme and CNC was approved using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). FTIR results show a new amine group peak in the immobilized lipase, which is not present in the modified CNC itself. The modified CNC, both from bagasse (SB-20 A1-1) and rice straw (RS-20 B1-1), was successfully applied to the immobilized lipase enzyme with a yield of 88%. The observed free enzyme activity was 3.69 µmol/min∙mL. The degree of hydrolysis of canola oil relative to free lipase (100%) from immobilized lipase at lipase SB-20 A1-1 and lipase RS-20 A1-1 was 23% and 30%, respectively. Therefore, this study successfully immobilized lipase and applied it to the hydrolysis of triglycerides.
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79
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Direct organocatalytic thioglycolic acid esterification of cellulose nanocrystals: a simple entry to click chemistry on the surface of nanocellulose. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2022.100205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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80
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Bio-composites from spent hen derived lipids grafted on CNC and reinforced with nanoclay. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 281:119082. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.119082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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81
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Shi H, Hossain KMZ, Califano D, Callaghan C, Ekanem EE, Scott JL, Mattia D, Edler KJ. Stable Cellulose Nanofibril Microcapsules from Pickering Emulsion Templates. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:3370-3379. [PMID: 35261240 PMCID: PMC9007535 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c03025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Electrostatic attractions are essential in any complex formation between the nanofibrils of the opposite charge for a specific application, such as microcapsule production. Here, we used cationized cellulose nanofibril (CCNF)-stabilized Pickering emulsions (PEs) as templates, and the electrostatic interactions were induced by adding oxidized cellulose nanofibrils (OCNFs) at the oil-water interface to form microcapsules (MCs). The oppositely charged cellulose nanofibrils enhanced the solidity of interfaces, allowing the encapsulation of Nile red (NR) in sunflower oil droplets. Microcapsules exhibited a low and controlled release of NR at room temperature. Furthermore, membrane emulsification was employed to scale up the preparation of microcapsules with sunflower oil (SFO) encapsulated by CCNF/OCNF complex networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Shi
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2
7AY, U.K.
- Centre
for Sustainable Chemical Technologies, University
of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.
| | - Kazi M. Zakir Hossain
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2
7AY, U.K.
- Centre
for Sustainable Chemical Technologies, University
of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.
| | - Davide Califano
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2
7AY, U.K.
- Centre
for Sustainable Chemical Technologies, University
of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.
| | - Ciaran Callaghan
- Centre
for Sustainable Chemical Technologies, University
of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2
7AY, U.K.
| | - Ekanem E. Ekanem
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2
7AY, U.K.
| | - Janet L. Scott
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2
7AY, U.K.
- Centre
for Sustainable Chemical Technologies, University
of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.
| | - Davide Mattia
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2
7AY, U.K.
| | - Karen J. Edler
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2
7AY, U.K.
- Centre
for Sustainable Chemical Technologies, University
of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.
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82
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Use of Nanocellulose to Produce Water-Based Conductive Inks with Ag NPs for Printed Electronics. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23062946. [PMID: 35328367 PMCID: PMC8955796 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23062946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The need for more sustainable printed electronics has emerged in the past years. Due to this, the use of nanocellulose (NC) extracted from cellulose has recently been demonstrated to provide interesting materials such as functional inks and transparent flexible films due to its properties. Its high specific surface area together with the high content of reactive hydroxyl groups provide a highly tailorable surface chemistry with applications in ink formulations as a stabilizing, capping, binding and templating agent. Moreover, NC mechanical, physical and thermal properties (high strength, low porosity and high thermal stability, respectively) provide an excellent alternative for the currently used plastic films. In this work, we present a process for the production of water-based conductive inks that uses NC both as a template for silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) formation and as an ink additive for ink formulation. The new inks present an electrical conductivity up to 2 × 106 S/m, which is in the range of current commercially available conductive inks. Finally, the new Ag NP/NC-based conductive inks have been tested to fabricate NFC antennas by screen-printing onto NC-coated paper, demonstrating to be operative.
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83
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Patil TV, Patel DK, Dutta SD, Ganguly K, Santra TS, Lim KT. Nanocellulose, a versatile platform: From the delivery of active molecules to tissue engineering applications. Bioact Mater 2022; 9:566-589. [PMID: 34820589 PMCID: PMC8591404 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanocellulose, a biopolymer, has received wide attention from researchers owing to its superior physicochemical properties, such as high mechanical strength, low density, biodegradability, and biocompatibility. Nanocellulose can be extracted from wide range of sources, including plants, bacteria, and algae. Depending on the extraction process and dimensions (diameter and length), they are categorized into three main types: cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs), and bacterial nanocellulose (BNC). CNCs are a highly crystalline and needle-like structure, whereas CNFs have both amorphous and crystalline regions in their network. BNC is the purest form of nanocellulose. The nanocellulose properties can be tuned by chemical functionalization, which increases its applicability in biomedical applications. This review highlights the fabrication of different surface-modified nanocellulose to deliver active molecules, such as drugs, proteins, and plasmids. Nanocellulose-mediated delivery of active molecules is profoundly affected by its topographical structure and the interaction between the loaded molecules and nanocellulose. The applications of nanocellulose and its composites in tissue engineering have been discussed. Finally, the review is concluded with further opportunities and challenges in nanocellulose-mediated delivery of active molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejal V. Patil
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Dinesh K. Patel
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Sayan Deb Dutta
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Keya Ganguly
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Tuhin Subhra Santra
- Deptarment of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, 600036, India
| | - Ki-Taek Lim
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
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84
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Facile adjustment on cellulose nanocrystals composite films with glycerol and benzyl acrylate copolymer for enhanced UV shielding property. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 204:41-49. [PMID: 35122797 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) composite films with suitable applicable capabilities were prepared by facilely incorporating glycerol (Gly) and poly(benzyl acrylate) (PBA). Chemical and morphological variations during the fabrication of the films were systematically characterized. The properties of modified CNCs composite films including UV blocking ability, mechanical strength and thermal properties were characterized to assess their applicable potentials. As a result, the composite films have good UV shielding property in UVC (220-280 nm) region and UVB (280-320 nm) region. The shielding performance of the modified film in the ultraviolet absorption region reached 92.77% to 95.49% respectively, without damaging the original chiral nematic structure of the films. Along with the modification, BACNC film improved the mechanical properties, presenting the tensile strength 16 times higher compared to pure CNCs film. The nanocomposite films proposed in this work showed promising potentials in broad fields, such as food preservation, medical protection, and surface coating applications.
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85
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Karnaouri A, Chorozian K, Zouraris D, Karantonis A, Topakas E, Rova U, Christakopoulos P. Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases as powerful tools in enzymatically assisted preparation of nano-scaled cellulose from lignocellulose: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 345:126491. [PMID: 34871721 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nanocellulose, either in the form of fibers or crystals, constitutes a renewable, biobased, biocompatible material with advantageous mechanical properties that can be isolated from lignocellulosic biomass. Enzyme-assisted isolation of nanocellulose is an attractive, environmentally friendly approach that leads to products of higher quality compared to their chemically prepared counterparts. Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) are enzymes that oxidatively cleave the β-1,4-glycosidic bond of polysaccharides upon activation of O2 or H2O2 and presence of an electron donor. Their use for treatment of cellulose fibers towards the preparation of nano-scaled cellulose is related to the ability of LPMOs to create nicking points on the fiber surface, thus facilitating fiber disruption and separation. The aim of this review is to describe the mode of action of LPMOs on cellulose fibers towards the isolation of nanostructures, thus highlighting their great potential for the production of nanocellulose as a novel value added product from lignocellulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthi Karnaouri
- Industrial Biotechnology & Biocatalysis Group, Biotechnology Lab, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zografou Campus, 15780 Athens, Greece; Biochemical Process Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden.
| | - Koar Chorozian
- Industrial Biotechnology & Biocatalysis Group, Biotechnology Lab, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zografou Campus, 15780 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Zouraris
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Applied Electrochemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou, 15780 Athens, Greece
| | - Antonis Karantonis
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Applied Electrochemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou, 15780 Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Topakas
- Industrial Biotechnology & Biocatalysis Group, Biotechnology Lab, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zografou Campus, 15780 Athens, Greece
| | - Ulrika Rova
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden
| | - Paul Christakopoulos
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden
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86
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Dogan-Guner EM, Schork FJ, Brownell S, Schueneman GT, Shofner ML, Meredith JC. Encapsulation of cellulose nanocrystals into acrylic latex particles via miniemulsion polymerization. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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87
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Wang Q, Xu W, Koppolu R, van Bochove B, Seppälä J, Hupa L, Willför S, Xu C, Wang X. Injectable thiol-ene hydrogel of galactoglucomannan and cellulose nanocrystals in delivery of therapeutic inorganic ions with embedded bioactive glass nanoparticles. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 276:118780. [PMID: 34823793 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
We propose an injectable nanocomposite hydrogel that is photo-curable via light-induced thiol-ene addition between methacrylate modified O-acetyl-galactoglucomannan (GGMMA) and thiolated cellulose nanocrystal (CNC-SH). Compared to free-radical chain polymerization, the orthogonal step-growth of thiol-ene addition allows a less heterogeneous hydrogel network and more rapid crosslinking kinetics. CNC-SH reinforced the GGMMA hydrogel as both a nanofiller and a crosslinker to GGMMA resulting in an interpenetrating network via thiol-ene addition. Importantly, the mechanical stiffness of the GGMMA/CNC-SH hydrogel is mainly determined by the stoichiometric ratio between the thiol groups on CNC-SH and the methacrylate groups in GGMMA. Meanwhile, the bioactive glass nanoparticle (BaGNP)-laden hydrogels of GGMMA/CNC-SH showed a sustained release of therapeutic ions in simulated body fluid in vitro, which extended the bioactive function of hydrogel matrix. Furthermore, the suitability of the GGMMA/CNC-SH formulation as biomaterial resin to fabricate digitally designed hydrogel constructs via digital light processing (DLP) lithography printing was evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingbo Wang
- Laboratory of Natural Materials Technology, Åbo Akademi University, Henrikinkatu 2, Turku FI-20500, Finland
| | - Wenyang Xu
- Laboratory of Natural Materials Technology, Åbo Akademi University, Henrikinkatu 2, Turku FI-20500, Finland
| | - Rajesh Koppolu
- Laboratory of Natural Materials Technology, Åbo Akademi University, Henrikinkatu 2, Turku FI-20500, Finland
| | - Bas van Bochove
- Polymer Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Kemistintie 1D, Espoo FI-02150, Finland
| | - Jukka Seppälä
- Polymer Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Kemistintie 1D, Espoo FI-02150, Finland
| | - Leena Hupa
- Laboratory of Molecular Science and Technology, Åbo Akademi University, Henrikinkatu 2, Turku FI-20500, Finland
| | - Stefan Willför
- Laboratory of Natural Materials Technology, Åbo Akademi University, Henrikinkatu 2, Turku FI-20500, Finland
| | - Chunlin Xu
- Laboratory of Natural Materials Technology, Åbo Akademi University, Henrikinkatu 2, Turku FI-20500, Finland
| | - Xiaoju Wang
- Laboratory of Natural Materials Technology, Åbo Akademi University, Henrikinkatu 2, Turku FI-20500, Finland; Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6A, Turku FI-20520, Finland.
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88
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Risite H, Salim MH, Oudinot BT, Ablouh EH, Joyeux HT, Sehaqui H, Razafimahatratra JHA, Qaiss AEK, El Achaby M, Kassab Z. Artemisia annua Stems a New Sustainable Source for Cellulosic Materials: Production and Characterization of Cellulose Microfibers and Nanocrystals. WASTE AND BIOMASS VALORIZATION 2022; 13:2411-2423. [PMID: 35096210 PMCID: PMC8783795 DOI: 10.1007/s12649-021-01658-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Artemisia annua stem waste was identified, for the first time, as a potential natural source to produce cellulose microfibers (CMF), as well as cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) with unique functionalities by using various organic acids. The CMF extraction was carried out using alkali and bleaching treatments, while the CNC were isolated under acid hydrolysis by using sulfuric acid (S-CNC), phosphoric acid (P-CNC), and hydrochloric acid / citric acid mixture (C-CNC). The CMF and CNC physicochemical, structural, morphological, dimensional, and thermal properties were characterized. CMF with a yield of 53%, diameter of 5 to 30 µm and crystallinity of 57% were successfully obtained. In contrast, CNC showed a rod-like shape with an aspect ratio of 53, 95, and 64 and a crystallinity index of 84, 79, and 72% for S-CNC, P-CNC, and C-CNC, respectively. Results suggested that the type of acid significantly influenced the structure, morphology, and thermal stability of CNCs. Based on these results, Artemisia annua stem waste is a great candidate source for cellulose derivatives with excellent characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heriarivelo Risite
- Laboratoire de Physique et Environnement, Université de Toliara, 601 Toliara, Madagascar
| | - Mohamed Hamid Salim
- Materials Science, Energy and Nano-Engineering Department (MSN), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Lot 660 – Hay Moulay Rachid, 43150 Ben Guerir, Morocco
| | - Bricharles T. Oudinot
- Laboratoire de Physique et Environnement, Université de Toliara, 601 Toliara, Madagascar
| | - El-houssaine Ablouh
- Materials Science, Energy and Nano-Engineering Department (MSN), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Lot 660 – Hay Moulay Rachid, 43150 Ben Guerir, Morocco
| | - Heriniaina T. Joyeux
- Laboratoire de Physique et Environnement, Université de Toliara, 601 Toliara, Madagascar
| | - Houssine Sehaqui
- Materials Science, Energy and Nano-Engineering Department (MSN), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Lot 660 – Hay Moulay Rachid, 43150 Ben Guerir, Morocco
| | | | - Abou El Kacem Qaiss
- Composites and Nanocomposites Center (CNC), Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation and Research (MAScIR), Rabat Design Center, Rue Mohamed El Jazouli, Madinat El Irfane, 10100 Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mounir El Achaby
- Materials Science, Energy and Nano-Engineering Department (MSN), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Lot 660 – Hay Moulay Rachid, 43150 Ben Guerir, Morocco
| | - Zineb Kassab
- Materials Science, Energy and Nano-Engineering Department (MSN), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Lot 660 – Hay Moulay Rachid, 43150 Ben Guerir, Morocco
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89
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Mali P, Sherje AP. Cellulose nanocrystals: Fundamentals and biomedical applications. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 275:118668. [PMID: 34742407 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The present review explores the recent developments of cellulose nanocrystals, a class of captivating nanomaterials in variety of applications. CNCs are made by acid hydrolysing cellulosic materials like wood, cotton, tunicate, flax fibers by sonochemistry. It has many desirable properties, including a high tensile strength, wide surface area, stiffness, exceptional colloidal stability, and the ability to be modified. CNCs are colloidally stable, hydrophilic, and rigid rod-shaped bio-based nanomaterials in the form of rigid rods with high strength and surface area that has a diverse set of applications and properties. The intriguing features emerging from numerous fibers studies, such as renewable character and biodegradability, piqued the curiosity of many researchers who worked on lowering the size of these fibers. Physicochemical properties such as rheological, mechanical, thermal, lipid crystalline, swelling capacity, microstructural properties result in affecting surface-area to volume ratio and crystallinity of cellulose nanocrystals. The present article highlights the fundamentals of cellulose nanocrystals such as sources, isolation, fabrication, properties and surface modification with an emphasis on plethora of biomedical applications. Selected nanocellulose studies with significant findings on cellular labelling and bioimaging, tissue engineering, biosensors, gene delivery, anti-viral property, anti-bacterial property, ocular delivery, modified drug release, anti-cancer activity and enzyme immobilization are emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prajakta Mali
- SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400 056, India
| | - Atul P Sherje
- SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400 056, India.
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90
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Zhuge W, Liu H, Wang W, Wang J. Microfluidic Bioscaffolds for Regenerative Engineering. ENGINEERED REGENERATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.engreg.2021.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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91
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AKGÜN D, OVA ÖZCAN D, ÖVEZ B. Optimization and Characterization of Cellulose Nanocrystal Production from Aseptic Tetra Pak Food Packaging Waste. JOURNAL OF THE TURKISH CHEMICAL SOCIETY, SECTION A: CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.18596/jotcsa.996450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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92
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Zhang Z, Sèbe G, Hou Y, Wang J, Huang J, Zhou G. Grafting polymers from cellulose nanocrystals via surface‐initiated atom transfer radical polymerization. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- SCNU‐TUE Joint Lab of Device Integrated Responsive Materials (DIRM), National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics South China Normal University Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology, Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics South China Normal University Guangzhou China
| | - Gilles Sèbe
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP Pessac France
| | - Yelin Hou
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP Pessac France
| | | | - Jin Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft‐Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, and “the Belt and Road” International Joint Research Laboratory of Sustainable Materials Southwest University Chongqing China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Engineering Research Center of Materials‐Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bintuan Shihezi University Shihezi China
| | - Guofu Zhou
- SCNU‐TUE Joint Lab of Device Integrated Responsive Materials (DIRM), National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics South China Normal University Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology, Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics South China Normal University Guangzhou China
- Shenzhen Guohua Optoelectronics Tech. Co. Ltd. Shenzhen China
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93
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O-chongpian P, Na Takuathung M, Chittasupho C, Ruksiriwanich W, Chaiwarit T, Baipaywad P, Jantrawut P. Composite Nanocellulose Fibers-Based Hydrogels Loading Clindamycin HCl with Ca 2+ and Citric Acid as Crosslinking Agents for Pharmaceutical Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13244423. [PMID: 34960974 PMCID: PMC8707948 DOI: 10.3390/polym13244423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Biocomposite hydrogels based on nanocellulose fibers (CNFs), low methoxy pectin (LMP), and sodium alginate (SA) were fabricated via the chemical crosslinking technique. The selected CNFs-based hydrogels were loaded with clindamycin hydrochloride (CM), an effective antibiotic as a model drug. The properties of the selected CNFs-based hydrogels loaded CM were characterized. The results showed that CNFs-based hydrogels composed of CNFs/LMP/SA at 1:1:1 and 2:0.5:0.5 mass ratios exhibited high drug content, suitable gel content, and high maximum swelling degree. In vitro assessment of cell viability revealed that the CM-incorporated composite CNFs-based hydrogels using calcium ion and citric acid as crosslinking agents exhibited high cytocompatibility with human keratinocytes cells. In vitro drug release experiment showed the prolonged release of CM and the hydrogel which has a greater CNFs portion (C2P0.5A0.5/Ca + Ci/CM) demonstrated lower drug release than the hydrogel having a lesser CNFs portion (C1P1A1/Ca + Ci/CM). The proportion of hydrophilic materials which were low methoxy pectin and sodium alginate in the matrix system influences drug release. In conclusion, biocomposite CNFs-based hydrogels composed of CNFs/LMP/SA at 1:1:1 and 2:0.5:0.5 mass ratios, loading CM with calcium ion and citric acid as crosslinking agents were successfully developed for the first time, suggesting their potential for pharmaceutical applications, such as a drug delivery system for healing infected wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pichapar O-chongpian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (P.O.-c.); (C.C.); (W.R.); (T.C.)
| | - Mingkwan Na Takuathung
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Chuda Chittasupho
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (P.O.-c.); (C.C.); (W.R.); (T.C.)
- Cluster of Research and Development of Pharmaceutical and Natural Products Innovation for Human or Animal, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Warintorn Ruksiriwanich
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (P.O.-c.); (C.C.); (W.R.); (T.C.)
- Cluster of Research and Development of Pharmaceutical and Natural Products Innovation for Human or Animal, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Tanpong Chaiwarit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (P.O.-c.); (C.C.); (W.R.); (T.C.)
| | - Phornsawat Baipaywad
- Biomedical Engineering Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Pensak Jantrawut
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (P.O.-c.); (C.C.); (W.R.); (T.C.)
- Cluster of Research and Development of Pharmaceutical and Natural Products Innovation for Human or Animal, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-53944309
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94
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Engkagul V, Rader C, Pon N, Rowan SJ, Weder C. Nanocomposites Assembled via Electrostatic Interactions between Cellulose Nanocrystals and a Cationic Polymer. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:5087-5096. [PMID: 34734702 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c01056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
On account of their high strength and stiffness and their renewable nature, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are widely used as a reinforcing component in polymer nanocomposites. However, CNCs are prone to aggregation and this limits the attainable reinforcement. Here, we show that nanocomposites with a very high CNC content can be prepared by combining the cationic polymer poly[(2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl) trimethylammonium chloride] (PMETAC) and negatively charged, carboxylated CNCs that are provided as a sodium salt (CNC-COONa). Free-standing films of the composites can be prepared by simple solvent casting from water. The appearance and polarized optical microscopy and electron microscopy images of these films suggest that CNC aggregation is absent, and this is supported by the very pronounced reinforcement observed. The incorporation of 33 wt % CNC-COONa into PMETAC allowed increasing the storage modulus of this already rather stiff, glassy amorphous matrix polymer from 1.5 ± 0.3 to 6.6 ± 0.1 GPa, while the maximum strength increased from 11 to 32 MPa. At this high CNC content, the reinforcement achieved in the PMETAC/CNC-COONa nanocomposite is much more pronounced than that observed for a reference nanocomposite made with unmodified CNCs (CNC-OH).
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Affiliation(s)
- Visuta Engkagul
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Chris Rader
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Nanetta Pon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Stuart J Rowan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Christoph Weder
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
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95
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Zhao M, Fujisawa S, Saito T. Distribution and Quantification of Diverse Functional Groups on Phosphorylated Nanocellulose Surfaces. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:5214-5222. [PMID: 34855397 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c01143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorylated cellulose nanofiber (CNF) is attracting attention as a newly emerged CNF with high functionality. However, many structural aspects of phosphorylated CNF remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the chemical structures and distribution of ionic functional groups on the phosphorylated CNF surfaces via liquid-state nuclear magnetic resonance measurements of colloidal dispersion. In addition to the monophosphate group, polyphosphate groups and cross-linked phosphate groups were introduced in the phosphorylated CNFs. The proportion of polyphosphate groups increased as the phosphorylation time increased, reaching ∼30% of all phosphate groups. Only a small amount of cross-linked phosphate groups existed in the phosphorylated CNF after a prolonged reaction time. Furthermore, phosphorylation of cellulose using urea and phosphoric acid was found to be regioselective at the C2 and C6 positions. There existed no significant difference between the surface degrees of substitution at the C2 and C6 positions of the phosphorylated CNFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengchen Zhao
- CNF R&D Center, Innovation Promotion Division, Oji Holdings Corporation, 1-10-6 Shinonome, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8558, Japan.,Department of Biomaterial Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Shuji Fujisawa
- Department of Biomaterial Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Tsuguyuki Saito
- Department of Biomaterial Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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96
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Gupta A, Mekonnen TH. Cellulose nanocrystals enabled sustainable polycaprolactone based shape memory polyurethane bionanocomposites. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 611:726-738. [PMID: 34876266 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.11.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, shape memory polyurethanes have gained substantial attention and are targeted for a range of smart and functional materials. In this work, the development of nanocrystalline celluloses (CNCs) enabled polycaprolactone-based shape memory polyurethane biocomposite using an in situ one-pot reactions is reported. The incorporation of up to 10 wt% CNCs resulted in a remarkable enhancement in the tensile strength at yield (from 0.2 MPa to 7.2 MPa), tensile strength at break (167% improvement), and modulus of elasticity (from 3.5 to 139.3 MPa) while maintaining the elongation at break. This was attributed to the simultaneous action of CNCs as a nucleating agent for crystallization and highly compatibilized reinforcing agent of the network. Moreover, the in situ incorporation of CNCs enhanced the shape memory capability of polyurethanes, which enables its employment in functional material applications, such as the biomedical sector. The intimate interfacial adhesion between the CNCs and the polymer matrix, which promoted shape fixating and recovery, was confirmed by fractured surface morphology studies. Rheology characterizations provided strong evidence that the addition of CNCs increased the shape fixity attributed to the stiffness of CNCs below the glass transition temperature (Tg) compared to the neat PU in conjuncture with the higher Tg of CNCs. Overall, the developed polymer nanocomposites are appealing materials for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvind Gupta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Tizazu H Mekonnen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada; Institute of Polymer Research, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada; Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
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97
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Xu CA, Lu M, Wu K, Shi J. Functionalization of nano-cellulose by coupling agent with green strategy. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2021.108939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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98
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Tardy BL, Mattos BD, Otoni CG, Beaumont M, Majoinen J, Kämäräinen T, Rojas OJ. Deconstruction and Reassembly of Renewable Polymers and Biocolloids into Next Generation Structured Materials. Chem Rev 2021; 121:14088-14188. [PMID: 34415732 PMCID: PMC8630709 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This review considers the most recent developments in supramolecular and supraparticle structures obtained from natural, renewable biopolymers as well as their disassembly and reassembly into engineered materials. We introduce the main interactions that control bottom-up synthesis and top-down design at different length scales, highlighting the promise of natural biopolymers and associated building blocks. The latter have become main actors in the recent surge of the scientific and patent literature related to the subject. Such developments make prominent use of multicomponent and hierarchical polymeric assemblies and structures that contain polysaccharides (cellulose, chitin, and others), polyphenols (lignins, tannins), and proteins (soy, whey, silk, and other proteins). We offer a comprehensive discussion about the interactions that exist in their native architectures (including multicomponent and composite forms), the chemical modification of polysaccharides and their deconstruction into high axial aspect nanofibers and nanorods. We reflect on the availability and suitability of the latter types of building blocks to enable superstructures and colloidal associations. As far as processing, we describe the most relevant transitions, from the solution to the gel state and the routes that can be used to arrive to consolidated materials with prescribed properties. We highlight the implementation of supramolecular and superstructures in different technological fields that exploit the synergies exhibited by renewable polymers and biocolloids integrated in structured materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blaise L. Tardy
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Bruno D. Mattos
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Caio G. Otoni
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, P.O. Box 6154, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
- Department
of Materials Engineering, Federal University
of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luís, km 235, São
Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Marco Beaumont
- School
of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University
of Technology, 2 George
Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia
- Department
of Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry of Renewable Resources, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, A-3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Johanna Majoinen
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Tero Kämäräinen
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Orlando J. Rojas
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
- Bioproducts
Institute, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department
of Chemistry and Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
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99
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Guidetti G, Frka-Petesic B, Dumanli AG, Hamad WY, Vignolini S. Effect of thermal treatments on chiral nematic cellulose nanocrystal films. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 272:118404. [PMID: 34420763 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The ability to manipulate the optical appearance of materials is essential in virtually all products and areas of technology. Structurally coloured chiral nematic cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) films proved to be an excellent platform to design optical appearance, as their response can be moulded by organising them in hierarchical architectures. Here, we study how thermal treatments influence the optical appearance of structurally coloured CNC films. We demonstrate that the CNCs helicoidal architecture and the chiral optical response can be maintained up to 250 °C after base treatment and cross-linking with glutaraldehyde, while, alternatively, an exposure to vacuum allows for the helicoidal arrangement to be further preserved up to 900 °C, thus producing aromatic chiral carbon. The ability to retain the helicoidal arrangement, and thus the visual appearance, in CNC films up to 250 °C is highly desirable for high temperature colour-based industrial applications and for passive colorimetric heat sensors. Similarly, the production of chiral carbon provides a new type of conductive carbon for electrochemical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Guidetti
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom.
| | - Bruno Frka-Petesic
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom.
| | - Ahu G Dumanli
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom.
| | - Wadood Y Hamad
- Bioproducts Innovation Centre of Excellence, FPInnovations, 2665 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| | - Silvia Vignolini
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom.
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100
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Salama A, Abouzeid R, Leong WS, Jeevanandam J, Samyn P, Dufresne A, Bechelany M, Barhoum A. Nanocellulose-Based Materials for Water Treatment: Adsorption, Photocatalytic Degradation, Disinfection, Antifouling, and Nanofiltration. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:3008. [PMID: 34835769 PMCID: PMC8620168 DOI: 10.3390/nano11113008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nanocelluloses are promising bio-nano-materials for use as water treatment materials in environmental protection and remediation. Over the past decades, they have been integrated via novel nanoengineering approaches for water treatment processes. This review aims at giving an overview of nanocellulose requirements concerning emerging nanotechnologies of waster treatments and purification, i.e., adsorption, absorption, flocculation, photocatalytic degradation, disinfection, antifouling, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and reverse osmosis. Firstly, the nanocellulose synthesis methods (mechanical, physical, chemical, and biological), unique properties (sizes, geometries, and surface chemistry) were presented and their use for capturing and removal of wastewater pollutants was explained. Secondly, different chemical modification approaches surface functionalization (with functional groups, polymers, and nanoparticles) for enhancing the surface chemistry of the nanocellulose for enabling the effective removal of specific pollutants (suspended particles, microorganisms, hazardous metals ions, organic dyes, drugs, pesticides fertilizers, and oils) were highlighted. Thirdly, new fabrication approaches (solution casting, thermal treatment, electrospinning, 3D printing) that integrated nanocelluloses (spherical nanoparticles, nanowhiskers, nanofibers) to produce water treatment materials (individual composite nanoparticles, hydrogels, aerogels, sponges, membranes, and nanopapers) were covered. Finally, the major challenges and future perspectives concerning the applications of nanocellulose based materials in water treatment and purification were highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Salama
- Cellulose and Paper Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt; (A.S.); (R.A.)
| | - Ragab Abouzeid
- Cellulose and Paper Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt; (A.S.); (R.A.)
- University of Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LGP2, F-38000 Grenoble, France;
| | - Wei Sun Leong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore;
| | - Jaison Jeevanandam
- CQM—Centro de Química da Madeira, MMRG, Campus da Penteada, Universidade da Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal;
| | - Pieter Samyn
- Institute for Materials Research (MO-IMOMEC), Applied and Analytical Chemistry, University of Hasselt, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium;
| | - Alain Dufresne
- University of Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LGP2, F-38000 Grenoble, France;
| | - Mikhael Bechelany
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, UMR 5635, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Ahmed Barhoum
- NanoStruc Research Group, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Helwan 11795, Egypt
- School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, D09 Y074 Dublin, Ireland
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