51
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Huang HC, Lee IJ, Huang C, Chang TM. Lactic Acid Bacteria and Lactic Acid for Skin Health and Melanogenesis Inhibition. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2020; 21:566-577. [DOI: 10.2174/1389201021666200109104701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria are beneficial to human health. Lactic acid bacteria have wide applications
in food, cosmetic and medicine industries due to being Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS)
and a multitude of therapeutic and functional properties. Previous studies have reported the beneficial
effects of lactic acid bacteria, their extracts or ferments on skin health, including improvements in skin
conditions and the prevention of skin diseases. Lipoteichoic acid isolated from Lactobacillus plantarum
was reported to inhibit melanogenesis in B16F10 melanoma cells. In particular, lipoteichoic acid
also exerted anti-photoaging effects on human skin cells by regulating the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-
1. The oral administration of Lactobacillus delbrueckii and other lactic acid bacteria has
been reported to inhibit the development of atopic diseases. Additionally, the clinical and histologic
evidence indicates that the topical application of lactic acid is effective for depigmentation and improving
the surface roughness and mild wrinkling of the skin caused by environmental photo-damage. This
review discusses recent findings on the effects of lactic acid bacteria on skin health and their specific
applications in skin-whitening cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huey-Chun Huang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - I. Jung Lee
- Department of Kampo Medicine, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Chen Huang
- Office of Paradigm Industrial- Academic R & D Headquarter, Hungkuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsong-Min Chang
- Department of Applied Cosmetology, Hungkuang University, Taichung City, Taiwan
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52
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Atabati H, Esmaeili SA, Saburi E, Akhlaghi M, Raoofi A, Rezaei N, Momtazi-Borojeni AA. Probiotics with ameliorating effects on the severity of skin inflammation in psoriasis: Evidence from experimental and clinical studies. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:8925-8937. [PMID: 32346892 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Experimental and clinical studies have confirmed safety and the medical benefits of probiotics as immunomodulatory medications. Recent advances have emphasized the critical effect of gastrointestinal bacteria in the pathology of inflammatory disorders, even, outside the gut. Probiotics have shown promising results for curing skin-influencing inflammatory disorders through modulating the immune response by manipulating the gut microbiome. Psoriasis is a complex inflammatory skin disease, which exhibits a microbiome distinct from the normal skin. In the present review, we considered the impact of gastrointestinal microbiota on the psoriasis pathogenesis, and through literature survey, attempted to explore probiotic species utilized for psoriasis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Atabati
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Seyed-Alireza Esmaeili
- Immunology Research Center, Bu-Ali Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ehsan Saburi
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Hasan Hospital, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran.,Immunogenetic and Cell Culture Department, Immunology Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maedeh Akhlaghi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Amir Raoofi
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Immunology and Biology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Abbas Momtazi-Borojeni
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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53
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Yan F, Li F, Liu J, Ye S, Zhang Y, Jia J, Li H, Chen D, Mo X. The formulae and biologically active ingredients of Chinese herbal medicines for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 127:110142. [PMID: 32330795 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common relapsing inflammatory skin disease characterized by severe pruritus that seriously affects the quality of patients' life. There is an increasingly large amount of research demonstrating that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) including herbal formulae and bioactive ingredients exerts pharmacological effects on atopic dermatitis. It has been a long history of TCM being used to treat atopic dermatitis, especially in preventing disease recurrence, maintaining long-term remission, and reducing disease burden. Nowadays, both of TCM monomer preparations and traditional formulae are still widely used. This review focuses on TCM as well as its bioactive ingredients for the treatment of AD, from the perspectives of animal model construction, pharmacodynamic mechanisms and clinical studies of formulae. To be more specific, the regulation and molecular mechanisms of the herbal formulae and bioactive ingredients of TCM are investigated, and the latest clinical research on TCM formulae is discussed. Furthermore, it provides a summary of the strengths and utilities of TCM, and will be useful for doctors who use Chinese medicine for treatment or researchers who select candidates for clinical treatments or further high-quality clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenggen Yan
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Junfeng Liu
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Siqi Ye
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jinjing Jia
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Hongyi Li
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Dacan Chen
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Xiumei Mo
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
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54
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Nishioka J, Hiramoto K, Suzuki K. Mushroom Sparassis crispa (Hanabiratake) Fermented with Lactic Acid Bacteria Significantly Enhances Innate Immunity of Mice. Biol Pharm Bull 2020; 43:629-638. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b19-00724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junji Nishioka
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Medical Technology Course, Faculty of Health Science, Suzuka University of Medical Science
| | - Keiichi Hiramoto
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science
| | - Koji Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science
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55
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Mojgani N, Shahali Y, Dadar M. Immune modulatory capacity of probiotic lactic acid bacteria and applications in vaccine development. Benef Microbes 2020; 11:213-226. [PMID: 32216470 DOI: 10.3920/bm2019.0121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Vaccination is one of the most important prevention tools providing protection against infectious diseases especially in children below the age of five. According to estimates, more than 5 million lives are saved annually by the implementation of six standard vaccines, including diphtheria, hepatitis B, Haemophilus influenza type b, polio, tetanus and yellow fever. Despite these efforts, we are faced with challenges in developing countries where increasing population and increasing disease burden and difficulties in vaccine coverage and delivery cause significant morbidity and mortality. Additionally, the high cost of these vaccines is also one of the causes for inappropriate and inadequate vaccinations in these regions. Thus, developing cost-effective vaccine strategies that could provide a stronger immune response with reduced vaccination schedules and maximum coverage is of critical importance. In last decade, different approaches have been investigated; among which live bacterial vaccines have been the focus of attention. In this regard, probiotic lactic acid bacteria have been extensively studied as safe and effective vaccine candidates. These microorganisms represent the largest group of probiotic bacteria in the intestine and are generally recognised as safe (GRAS) bacteria. They have also attracted attention due to their immunomodulatory actions and their effective role as novel vaccine adjuvants. A significant property of these bacteria is their ability to mimic natural infections, while intrinsically possessing mucosal adjuvant properties. Additionally, as live bacterial vaccines are administered orally or nasally, they have higher acceptance and better safety, but also avoid the risk of contamination due to needles and syringes. In this review, we emphasise the role of probiotic Lactobacillus strains as putative oral vaccine carriers and novel vaccine adjuvants.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Mojgani
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute (RVSRI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), P.O. Box 31975/148, Karaj, Iran
| | - Y Shahali
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute (RVSRI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), P.O. Box 31975/148, Karaj, Iran
| | - M Dadar
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute (RVSRI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), P.O. Box 31975/148, Karaj, Iran
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Turroni F, Milani C, Duranti S, Lugli GA, Bernasconi S, Margolles A, Di Pierro F, van Sinderen D, Ventura M. The infant gut microbiome as a microbial organ influencing host well-being. Ital J Pediatr 2020; 46:16. [PMID: 32024556 PMCID: PMC7003403 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-020-0781-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Initial establishment of the human gut microbiota is generally believed to occur immediately following birth, involving key gut commensals such as bifidobacteria that are acquired from the mother. The subsequent development of this early gut microbiota is driven and modulated by specific dietary compounds present in human milk that support selective colonization. This represents a very intriguing example of host-microbe co-evolution, where both partners are believed to benefit. In recent years, various publications have focused on dissecting microbial infant gut communities and their interaction with their human host, being a determining factor in host physiology and metabolic activities. Such studies have highlighted a reduction of microbial diversity and/or an aberrant microbiota composition, sometimes referred to as dysbiosis, which may manifest itself during the early stage of life, i.e., in infants, or later stages of life. There are growing experimental data that may explain how the early human gut microbiota affects risk factors related to adult health conditions. This concept has fueled the development of various nutritional strategies, many of which are based on probiotics and/or prebiotics, to shape the infant microbiota. In this review, we will present the current state of the art regarding the infant gut microbiota and the role of key commensal microorganisms like bifidobacteria in the establishment of the first microbial communities in the human gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Turroni
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11a, 43124, Parma, Italy
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Christian Milani
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11a, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Sabrina Duranti
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11a, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Gabriele Andrea Lugli
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11a, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Abelardo Margolles
- Departamento de Microbiologia y Bioquimica de Productos Lacteos, IPLA - CSIC, Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias-ISPA, Oviedo, Spain
| | | | - Douwe van Sinderen
- School of Microbiology & APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Marco Ventura
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11a, 43124, Parma, Italy.
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
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57
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Kim HW, Ju DB, Kye YC, Ju YJ, Kim CG, Lee IK, Park SM, Choi IS, Cho KK, Lee SH, Kim SC, Jung ID, Han SH, Yun CH. Galectin-9 Induced by Dietary Probiotic Mixture Regulates Immune Balance to Reduce Atopic Dermatitis Symptoms in Mice. Front Immunol 2020; 10:3063. [PMID: 32038618 PMCID: PMC6987441 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.03063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics can be an effective treatment for atopic dermatitis (AD), while their mechanism of action is still unclear. Here, we induced AD in mice with 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene and administrated YK4, a probiotic mixture consisting of Lactobacillus acidophilus CBT LA1, L. plantarum CBT LP3, Bifidobacterium breve CBT BR3, and B. lactis CBT BL3. Then, we have validated the underlying mechanism for the alleviation of AD by YK4 from the intestinal and systematic immunological perspectives. Administration of YK4 in AD mice alleviated the symptoms of AD by suppressing the expression of skin thymic stromal lymphopoietin and serum immunoglobulin E eliciting excessive T-helper (Th) 2 cell-mediated responses. YK4 inhibited Th2 cell population through induce the proportion of Th1 cells in spleen and Treg cells in Peyer's patches and mesenteric lymph node (mLN). CD103+ dendritic cells (DCs) in mLN and the spleen were significantly increased in AD mice administered with YK4 when compared to AD mice. Furthermore, galectin-9 was significantly increased in the gut of AD mice administered with YK4. In vitro experiments were performed using bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDC) and CD4+ T cells to confirm the immune mechanisms of YK4 and galectin-9. The expression of CD44, a receptor of galectin-9, together with programmed death-ligand 1 was significantly upregulated in BMDCs following treatment with YK4. IL-10 and IL-12 were upregulated when BMDCs were treated with YK4. Cytokines together with co-receptors from DCs play a major role in the differentiation and activation of CD4+ T cells. Proliferation of Tregs and Th1 cell activation were enhanced when CD4+T cells were co-cultured with YK4-treated BMDCs. Galectin-9 appeared to contribute at least partially to the proliferation of Tregs. The results further suggested that DCs treated with YK4 induced the differentiation of naïve T cells toward Th1 and Tregs. At the same time, YK4 alleviated AD symptoms by inhibiting Th2 response. Thus, the present study suggested a potential role of YK4 as an effective immunomodulatory agent in AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wool Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Do Bin Ju
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoon-Chul Kye
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Jun Ju
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Cheol Gyun Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - In Kyu Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung-Moo Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - In Soon Choi
- Department of Biological Science, College of Medical and Life Sciences, Silla University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Kwang Keun Cho
- Department of Animal Resources Technology, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Seung Ho Lee
- Department of Nano-Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Sung Chan Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Cell Differentiation and Aging, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - In Duk Jung
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Han
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Dental Research Institute and Brain Korea 21 Plus Program, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Cheol-Heui Yun
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute of Green Bio Science Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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58
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Song L, Wang Q, Zheng Y, Ma L, Chen Y, Gao Y, Zhang G, Cui S, He K, He C. Cheek Microbial Communities Vary in Young Children with Atopic Dermatitis in China. Dermatology 2019; 236:160-169. [PMID: 31553991 DOI: 10.1159/000502469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, recurrent skin condition with recently increased incidence in younger children. AD development has been correlated with the skin microbiome, and Staphylococcus aureus enrichment causes significant increases in skin lesions. OBJECTIVE Our objectives were to compare the microbial diversity of the cheek skin of children with or without AD aged 0-1 years in China, and to determine whether 4 types of skin-isolated bacteria could inhibit S. aureus in vitro. METHODS The skin microbial samples of cheek skin of children were sequenced by 16S rRNA V1-V2 region. Four skin isolated bacterial fermentation supernatants were tested for effects on S. aureus growth, membrane formation, and induction of cytokine secretion from HaCaT cells. RESULTS Bacterial diversity decreased significantly in skin with severe AD compared to healthy skin (p < 0.01). Seven phyla had content >1%, 4 of which differed in AD (p < 0.05). 38 genera had content >1%, 15 differed (p < 0.05). Differences in 8 species were observed (p < 0.05). In vitro antibacterial and cellular experiments showed that S. aureus growth, biofilm formation, and induction of interleukin (IL)-1α and IL-6 secretion from HaCaT cells were significantly inhibited by Klebsiella oxytoca, Kocuria rhizophila, and Staphylococcus epidermidis culture supernatants (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Skin microbiome changes in children varied with age and with AD. There were complex interactions between skin isolated bacteria and S. aureus which could inhibit S. aureus growth and biofilm formation in vitro, suggesting that these microorganisms could be used in AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liya Song
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resources Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resources Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Yumei Zheng
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resources Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Laiji Ma
- Shanghai Jahwa Corporation, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Ying Gao
- Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | | | - Shumei Cui
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resources Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Keke He
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resources Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Congfen He
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resources Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China,
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59
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Zheng Y, Wang Q, Ma L, Chen Y, Gao Y, Zhang G, Cui S, Liang H, Song L, He C. Shifts in the skin microbiome associated with diaper dermatitis and emollient treatment amongst infants and toddlers in China. Exp Dermatol 2019; 28:1289-1297. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.14028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Zheng
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resources Research and Development Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing China
| | - Qian Wang
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resources Research and Development Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing China
| | - Laiji Ma
- Shanghai Jahwa Corporation Shanghai China
| | | | - Ying Gao
- Capital Institute of Pediatrics Beijing China
| | | | - Shumei Cui
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resources Research and Development Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing China
| | - Haiyun Liang
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resources Research and Development Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing China
| | - Liya Song
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resources Research and Development Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing China
| | - Congfen He
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resources Research and Development Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing China
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60
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Fang Z, Li L, Liu X, Lu W, Zhao J, Zhang H, Chen W. Strain-specific ameliorating effect of Bifidobacterium longum on atopic dermatitis in mice. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
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Effect of Multi-Microbial Probiotic Formulation Bokashi on Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines Profile in the Serum, Colostrum and Milk of Sows, and in a Culture of Polymorphonuclear Cells Isolated from Colostrum. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2019; 11:220-232. [PMID: 29305686 PMCID: PMC6449489 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-017-9380-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The use of probiotics in sows during pregnancy and lactation and their impact on the quality of colostrum and milk, as well as the health conditions of their offspring during the rearing period, are currently gaining the attention of researchers. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of Bokashi formulation on the concentrations of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the serum of sows during pregnancy, in their colostrum and milk, and in a culture of Con-A-stimulated polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) isolated from the colostrum. The study was conducted on 60 sows aged 2–4 years. EM Bokashi were added to the sows’ feed. The material for the study consisted of peripheral blood, colostrum, and milk. Blood samples were collected from the sows on days 60 and 114 of gestation. Colostrum and milk samples were collected from all sows at 0, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144, and 168 h after parturition. The results indicate that the use of Bokashi as feed additives resulted in increased concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6, which increase the protective capacity of the colostrum by stimulating cellular immune mechanisms protecting the sow and neonates against infection. At the same time, the increased concentrations of cytokines IL-4, IL-10, TGF-β, and of immunoglobulins in the colostrum and milk from sows in the experimental group demonstrate the immunoregulatory effect of Bokashi on Th2 cells and may lead to increased expression of regulatory T cells and polarization of the immune response from Th1 to Th2.
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62
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Fang Z, Lu W, Zhao J, Zhang H, Qian L, Wang Q, Chen W. Probiotics modulate the gut microbiota composition and immune responses in patients with atopic dermatitis: a pilot study. Eur J Nutr 2019; 59:2119-2130. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-02061-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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63
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Yang X, Liu Y, Guo X, Bai Q, Zhu X, Ren H, Chen Q, Yue T, Long F. Antiallergic activity of Lactobacillus plantarum against peanut allergy in a Balb/c mouse model. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2019.1631261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ye Liu
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaodan Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiao Bai
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaofan Zhu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Ren
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiwen Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianli Yue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fangyu Long
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People’s Republic of China
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64
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Yamazaki C, Rosenkrantz W, Griffin C. Pilot evaluation of Enterococcus faecium SF68 as adjunctive therapy for oclacitinib-responsive adult atopic dermatitis in dogs. J Small Anim Pract 2019; 60:499-506. [PMID: 31257599 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the adjunctive effect of supplementation with Enterococcus faecium SF68 (FortiFlora; Purina Pro Plan Veterinary Diets) on oclacitinib (Apoquel, Zoetis) dose reduction, while maintaining or reducing the Pruritus Visual Analog Score and Canine Atopic Dermatitis Extent and Severity Index values in client-owned adult dogs with environmental atopic dermatitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Enrolled dogs had exhibited control of atopic dermatitis on oclacitinib for at least 6 months before, and continuing throughout, the study. Dogs with non-seasonal pruritus were blindly randomised to receive either SF68 (1×108 colony forming units/g orally twice daily) or placebo for 12 weeks. After 8 weeks of supplementation, oclacitinib dose was decreased by approximately 25%, aiming to maintain and reduce the clinical disease scores. RESULTS Supplementation with SF68 was associated with no difference in oclacitinib dose reduction versus placebo in 21 client-owned dogs with atopic dermatitis. Clinical disease scores were not different between groups at study completion. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Further larger-scale studies are warranted to investigate optimal strain(s), dosing and duration of probiotic supplementation as an adjunctive strategy in management of canine atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Yamazaki
- Animal Dermatology Clinic, Tustin, California, 92780, USA
| | - W Rosenkrantz
- Animal Dermatology Clinic, Tustin, California, 92780, USA
| | - C Griffin
- Animal Dermatology Clinic, San Diego, California, 92111, USA
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Tarhani F, Nezami A. Role of probiotics in treatment of congenital heart disease and necrotizing enterocolitis. PHARMANUTRITION 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2019.100144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Li L, Han Z, Niu X, Zhang G, Jia Y, Zhang S, He C. Probiotic Supplementation for Prevention of Atopic Dermatitis in Infants and Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Am J Clin Dermatol 2019; 20:367-377. [PMID: 30465329 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-018-0404-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Probiotic supplementation in early life may be effective in preventing atopic dermatitis (AD); however, results regarding efficacy have been controversial. OBJECTIVE The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of probiotic supplementation on the risk of AD. METHODS We systematically searched PubMed, EBSCO, Embase and Web of Science databases up to 8 March 2018 for potentially relevant studies regarding probiotic supplementation and AD. Included infants and children were those with probiotic exposure in utero and/or after birth who were not previously diagnosed with AD. We calculated the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and used the Jadad and Newcastle-Ottawa scales to assess methodologic quality. RESULTS A total of 28 studies met the inclusion criteria. Compared with controls, probiotic treatment was associated with a reduced risk of AD (OR 0.69; 95% CI 0.58-0.82, P < 0.0001). The use of probiotics during both the prenatal and the postnatal period significantly reduced the incidence of AD (OR 0.67; 95% CI 0.54-0.82); however, analysis of studies of probiotics given prenatally only or postnatally only did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS Our meta-analysis showed that probiotic supplementation during both the prenatal and the postnatal period reduced the incidence of AD in infants and children. Our findings suggest that starting probiotic treatment during gestation and continuing through the first 6 months of the infant's life may be of benefit in the prevention of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoping Niu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Guozheng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuliang Jia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Shunguo Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Chiyi He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
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Yan DC, Hung CH, Sy LB, Lue KH, Shih IH, Yang CY, Chen LC, Sun HL, Lee MS, Chambard J, Tanguy J, Hughes-Formella B, Nutten S, Blanchard C. A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial Assessing the Oral Administration of a Heat-Treated Lactobacillus paracasei Supplement in Infants with Atopic Dermatitis Receiving Topical Corticosteroid Therapy. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2019; 32:201-211. [PMID: 31117100 DOI: 10.1159/000499436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common disease in infancy, for which topical steroids are the first-line therapy but have side effects. Innovative approaches are needed to reduce the burden of AD and corticosteroid usage in infants. METHODS The once-daily consumption of heat-treated probiotic Lactobacillus paracasei GM-080 or placebo for 16 weeks as supplementary approach to topical treatment with fluticasone propionate cream was compared in AD infants aged 4-30 months. Outcomes were SCORAD and its subscores, TEWL, Infants' Dermatitis Quality of Life Index (IDQOL), corticoid "sparing effect," CCL17/TARC, and IgE status. RESULTS SCORAD, objective SCORAD, itching, and IDQOL decreased significantly (p < 0.001) over the treatment period in both treatment groups. Slight decreases (ns) were noted in TEWL in lesional and unaffected skin and CCL17 levels. There were no differences between the treatment groups. Total IgE increased over the treatment period in both groups, with significantly higher increase in the heat-treated probiotic group (p = 0.038). There was no evidence of a corticoid "sparing effect" by the probiotic. CONCLUSIONS In this design, the probiotic L. paracasei was not beneficial as a complementary approach to topical corticosteroids in infants with AD. However, slight beneficial effects may have been masked by the moderate potency corticoid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dah-Chin Yan
- Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsing Hung
- Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | | | - Ko-Huang Lue
- Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - I-Hsin Shih
- Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Yi Yang
- Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chen Chen
- Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Hai-Lun Sun
- Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Min-Sheng Lee
- Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
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Abstract
Atopic dermatitis affects roughly 20% of children and 3% of adults in Germany and other industrial countries, with an increasing prevalence. Its causality has still not been conclusively clarified but a type‑2 T‑helper cell mediated immunity reaction (type 2 immunity) dominates cutaneous inflammation. In the quest for the underlying pathogenic mechanisms and the development of improved prevention and treatment options, attention is also increasingly being paid to the influence of microbial colonization. This is facilitated by the rapid development of microbial analysis by sequencing. An increasing number of studies have shown that there is a link between disorders of the skin microbiome and the occurrence of atopic eczema and some also point towards the intestinal microbiome. In particular, a loss of diversity regarding the composition of the microbiome has been observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Köberle
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie, Technische Universität München, Biedersteinerstr. 29, 80802, München, Deutschland
| | - T Biedermann
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie, Technische Universität München, Biedersteinerstr. 29, 80802, München, Deutschland.
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Ahern GJ, Hennessy A, Ryan CA, Ross RP, Stanton C. Advances in Infant Formula Science. Annu Rev Food Sci Technol 2019; 10:75-102. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-food-081318-104308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Human milk contains a plethora of nutrients and bioactive components to help nourish the developing neonate and is considered the “gold standard” for early life nutrition—as befits the only food “designed” by evolution to feed human infants. Over the past decade, there is considerable evidence that highlights the “intelligence” contained in milk components that contribute to infant health beyond basic nutrition—in areas such as programming the developing microbiome and immune system and protecting against infection. Such discoveries have led to new opportunities for infant milk formula (IMF) manufacturers to refine nutritional content in order to simulate the functionality of breast milk. These include the addition of specialized protein fractions as well as fatty acid and complex carbohydrate components—all of which have mechanistic supporting evidence in terms of improving the health and nutrition of the infant. Moreover, IMF is the single most important dietary intervention whereby the human microbiome can be influenced at a crucial early stage of development. In this respect, it is expected that the complexity of IMF will continue to increase as we get a greater understanding of how it can modulate microbiota development (including the development of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics) and influence long-term health. This review provides a scientific evaluation of key features of importance to infant nutrition, including differences in milk composition and emerging “humanized” ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace J. Ahern
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12 YT20, Ireland
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork P61 C996, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - A.A. Hennessy
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork P61 C996, Ireland
| | - C. Anthony Ryan
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork T12 K8AF, Ireland
| | - R. Paul Ross
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12 YT20, Ireland
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork P61 C996, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Catherine Stanton
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12 YT20, Ireland
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork P61 C996, Ireland
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Volokh O, Klimenko N, Berezhnaya Y, Tyakht A, Nesterova P, Popenko A, Alexeev D. Human Gut Microbiome Response Induced by Fermented Dairy Product Intake in Healthy Volunteers. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11030547. [PMID: 30836671 PMCID: PMC6470569 DOI: 10.3390/nu11030547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulated data suggests that the gut microbiome can rapidly respond to changes in diet. Consumption of fermented dairy products (FDP) fortified with probiotic microbes may be associated with positive impact on human health. However, the extent and details of the possible impact of FDP consumption on gut community structure tends to vary across individuals. We used microbiome analysis to characterize changes in gut microbiota composition after 30 days of oral intake of a yoghurt fortified with Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to assess the gut microbial composition before and after FDP consumption in healthy adults (n = 150). Paired comparison of gut microbial content demonstrated an increase in presence of potentially beneficial bacteria, particularly, Bifidobacterium genus, as well as Adlercreutzia equolifaciens and Slackia isoflavoniconvertens. At a functional level, an increased capacity to metabolize lactose and synthesize amino acids was observed accompanied by a lowered potential for synthesis of lipopolysaccharides. Cluster analysis revealed that study volunteers segregated into two groups with post-intervention microbiota response that was dependent on the baseline microbial community structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olesya Volokh
- PepsiCo R&D, Inc., Leningradsky prospekt, 72-4, 125315 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Natalia Klimenko
- Knomics LLC, Skolkovo Innovation Center, Bolshoy bulvar street 42-1, 143026 Moscow, Russia.
- Institute of Gene Biology of Russian Academy of Science, Group of Molecular Organization of Genome, 34/5 Vavilova Str., 119334 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Yulia Berezhnaya
- PepsiCo R&D, Inc., Leningradsky prospekt, 72-4, 125315 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Alexander Tyakht
- Knomics LLC, Skolkovo Innovation Center, Bolshoy bulvar street 42-1, 143026 Moscow, Russia.
- Institute of Gene Biology of Russian Academy of Science, Group of Molecular Organization of Genome, 34/5 Vavilova Str., 119334 Moscow, Russia.
- ITMO University, Computer Technology Department, Kronverkskiy pr., 49, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Polina Nesterova
- PepsiCo R&D, Inc., Leningradsky prospekt, 72-4, 125315 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Anna Popenko
- Knomics LLC, Skolkovo Innovation Center, Bolshoy bulvar street 42-1, 143026 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Dmitry Alexeev
- Knomics LLC, Skolkovo Innovation Center, Bolshoy bulvar street 42-1, 143026 Moscow, Russia.
- ITMO University, Computer Technology Department, Kronverkskiy pr., 49, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia.
- Atlas Biomed Group, 92 Albert Embankment, Lambeth, London SE1 7TT, UK.
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Abstract
Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) was the first strain belonging to the genus Lactobacillus to be patented in 1989 thanks to its ability to survive and to proliferate at gastric acid pH and in medium containing bile, and to adhere to enterocytes. Furthermore LGG is able to produces both a biofilm that can mechanically protect the mucosa, and different soluble factors beneficial to the gut by enhancing intestinal crypt survival, diminishing apoptosis of the intestinal epithelium, and preserving cytoskeletal integrity. Moreover LGG thanks to its lectin-like protein 1 and 2 inhibits some pathogens such as Salmonella species. Finally LGG is able to promote type 1 immune-responsiveness by reducing the expression of several activation and inflammation markers on monocytes and by increasing the production of interleukin-10, interleukin-12 and tumor necrosis factor-α in macrophages. A large number of research data on Lactobacillus GG is the basis for the use of this probiotic for human health. In this review we have considered predominantly randomized controlled trials, meta-analysis, Cochrane Review, guide lines of Scientific Societies and anyway studies whose results were evaluated by means of relative risk, odds ratio, weighted mean difference 95% confidence interval. The effectiveness of LGG in gastrointestinal infections and diarrhea, antibiotic and Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea, irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, respiratory tract infections, allergy, cardiovascular diseases, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, cystic fibrosis, cancer, elderly end sport were analyzed.
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Chiricozzi A, Belloni Fortina A, Galli E, Girolomoni G, Neri I, Ricci G, Romanelli M, Peroni D. Current therapeutic paradigm in pediatric atopic dermatitis: Practical guidance from a national expert panel. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2019; 47:194-206. [PMID: 30268381 DOI: 10.1016/j.aller.2018.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common cutaneous inflammatory disease in both adults and children. Although emerging therapeutic approaches are being investigated for the management of pediatric AD, it still needs to be managed with conventional treatments. This consensus document is aimed at providing an update on general management and therapies of pediatric AD, defining practical recommendations for using both topical and systemic agents. MATERIAL AND METHODS A panel of experts consisting of dermatologists and pediatricians were convened in order to define statements, through a Delphi process, standardizing the management of AD in pediatric subjects in a real-world setting. RESULTS A set of practical recommendations obtaining an at least 75% agreement was presented. CONCLUSIONS This set of practical recommendations represents a simple and fast snapshot on the pediatric use of common anti-AD therapeutics.
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Berni Canani R, Paparo L, Nocerino R, Di Scala C, Della Gatta G, Maddalena Y, Buono A, Bruno C, Voto L, Ercolini D. Gut Microbiome as Target for Innovative Strategies Against Food Allergy. Front Immunol 2019; 10:191. [PMID: 30828329 PMCID: PMC6384262 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The dramatic increase in food allergy prevalence and severity globally requires effective strategies. Food allergy derives from a defect in immune tolerance mechanisms. Immune tolerance is modulated by gut microbiota function and structure, and microbiome alterations (dysbiosis) have a pivotal role in the development of food allergy. Environmental factors, including a low-fiber/high-fat diet, cesarean delivery, antiseptic agents, lack of breastfeeding, and drugs can induce gut microbiome dysbiosis, and have been associated with food allergy. New experimental tools and technologies have provided information regarding the role of metabolites generated from dietary nutrients and selected probiotic strains that could act on immune tolerance mechanisms. The mechanisms are multiple and still not completely defined. Increasing evidence has provided useful information on optimal bacterial species/strains, dosage, and timing for intervention. The increased knowledge of the crucial role played by nutrients and gut microbiota-derived metabolites is opening the way to a post-biotic approach in the stimulation of immune tolerance through epigenetic regulation. This review focused on the potential role of gut microbiome as the target for innovative strategies against food allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Berni Canani
- Department of Translational Medical Science – Pediatric Section, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
- European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food-Induced Diseases, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
- ImmunoNutritionLab at CEINGE-Advanced Biotechnologies, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Lorella Paparo
- Department of Translational Medical Science – Pediatric Section, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
- ImmunoNutritionLab at CEINGE-Advanced Biotechnologies, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Rita Nocerino
- Department of Translational Medical Science – Pediatric Section, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
- ImmunoNutritionLab at CEINGE-Advanced Biotechnologies, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmen Di Scala
- Department of Translational Medical Science – Pediatric Section, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
- ImmunoNutritionLab at CEINGE-Advanced Biotechnologies, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Giusy Della Gatta
- Department of Translational Medical Science – Pediatric Section, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
- ImmunoNutritionLab at CEINGE-Advanced Biotechnologies, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Ylenia Maddalena
- Department of Translational Medical Science – Pediatric Section, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Aniello Buono
- Department of Translational Medical Science – Pediatric Section, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
- ImmunoNutritionLab at CEINGE-Advanced Biotechnologies, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Cristina Bruno
- Department of Translational Medical Science – Pediatric Section, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
- ImmunoNutritionLab at CEINGE-Advanced Biotechnologies, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Luana Voto
- Department of Translational Medical Science – Pediatric Section, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Danilo Ercolini
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
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Paparo L, Nocerino R, Di Scala C, Della Gatta G, Di Costanzo M, Buono A, Bruno C, Berni Canani R. Targeting Food Allergy with Probiotics. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1125:57-68. [DOI: 10.1007/5584_2018_316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Association between the intestinal microbiota and allergic sensitization, eczema, and asthma: A systematic review. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018; 143:467-485. [PMID: 30600099 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota plays an important role in development of the immune system and regulation of immune responses. This review summarizes the association between the intestinal microbiota and the development of allergic sensitization, eczema, and asthma in neonates and children. Overall, a greater relative abundance of Bacteroidaceae, Clostridiaceae, and Enterobacteriaceae and a lower relative abundance of Bifidobacteriaceae and Lactobacillaceae is associated with the development of allergic sensitization, eczema, or asthma. Reduced bacterial diversity can be associated with the development of allergic disease. The association between the composition of the intestinal microbiota and the development of allergic disease or asthma is less consistent in older children than in neonates, suggesting that early-life microbial exposure plays a more important role. Inconsistencies in the results reported from different studies might partly be explained by heterogeneity in design, study populations, diagnostic criteria, microbiota analysis methods, and reporting on different taxonomic levels. Larger studies that better account for antenatal and postnatal factors will further help determine specific microbial intestinal signatures associated with increased risk of allergy and asthma. This will enable the early identification of infants at high risk and facilitate novel strategies and interventions to prevent and treat these conditions, including modifying the intestinal microbiota early in life.
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Makrgeorgou A, Leonardi‐Bee J, Bath‐Hextall FJ, Murrell DF, Tang MLK, Roberts A, Boyle RJ. Probiotics for treating eczema. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018; 11:CD006135. [PMID: 30480774 PMCID: PMC6517242 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd006135.pub3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eczema is a common chronic skin condition. Probiotics have been proposed as an effective treatment for eczema; their use is increasing, as numerous clinical trials are under way. This is an update of a Cochrane Review first published in 2008, which suggested that probiotics may not be an effective treatment for eczema but identified areas in which evidence was lacking. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of probiotics for treating patients of all ages with eczema. SEARCH METHODS We updated our searches of the following databases to January 2017: the Cochrane Skin Group Specialised Register, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), in the Cochrane Library, the Global Resource of Eczema Trials (GREAT) database, MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, the Allied and Complementary Medicine Database (AMED), and Latin American Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS). We searched five trials registers and checked the reference lists of included studies and relevant reviews for further references to relevant randomised controlled trials (RCTs). We also handsearched a number of conference proceedings. We updated the searches of the main databases in January 2018 and of trials registries in March 2018, but we have not yet incorporated these results into the review. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised controlled trials of probiotics (live orally ingested micro-organisms) compared with no treatment, placebo, or other active intervention with no probiotics for the treatment of eczema diagnosed by a doctor. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used standard methodological procedures as expected by Cochrane. We recorded adverse events from the included studies and from a separate adverse events search conducted for the first review. We formally assessed reporting bias by preparing funnel plots, and we performed trial sequential analysis for the first primary outcome - eczema symptoms at the end of active treatment.We used GRADE to assess the quality of the evidence for each outcome (in italic font). MAIN RESULTS We included 39 randomised controlled trials involving 2599 randomised participants. We included participants of either gender, aged from the first year of life through to 55 years (only six studies assessed adults), who had mild to severe eczema. Trials were undertaken in primary and secondary healthcare settings, mainly in Europe or Asia. Duration of treatment ranged from four weeks to six months, and duration of follow-up after end of treatment ranged from zero to 36 months. We selected no standard dose: researchers used a variety of doses and concentrations of probiotics. The probiotics used were bacteria of the Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria species, which were taken alone or combined with other probiotics, and were given with or without prebiotics. Comparators were no treatment, placebo, and other treatments with no probiotics.For all results described in this abstract, the comparator was no probiotics. Active treatment ranged from six weeks to three months for all of the following results, apart from the investigator-rated eczema severity outcome, for which the upper limit of active treatment was 16 weeks. With regard to score, the higher the score, the more severe were the symptoms. All key results reported in this abstract were measured at the end of active treatment, except for adverse events, which were measured during the active treatment period.Probiotics probably make little or no difference in participant- or parent-rated symptoms of eczema (13 trials; 754 participants): symptom severity on a scale from 0 to 20 was 0.44 points lower after probiotic treatment (95% confidence interval (CI) -1.22 to 0.33; moderate-quality evidence). Trial sequential analysis shows that target sample sizes of 258 and 456, which are necessary to demonstrate a minimum mean difference of -2 and -1.5, respectively, with 90% power, have been exceeded, suggesting that further trials with similar probiotic strains for this outcome at the end of active treatment may be futile.We found no evidence suggesting that probiotics make a difference in QoL for patients with eczema (six studies; 552 participants; standardised mean difference (SMD) 0.03, 95% CI -0.36 to 0.42; low-quality evidence) when measured by the participant or the parent using validated disease-specific QoL instruments.Probiotics may slightly reduce investigator-rated eczema severity scores (24 trials; 1596 participants). On a scale of 0 to 103 for total Severity Scoring of Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD), a score combining investigator-rated eczema severity score and participant scoring for eczema symptoms of itch and sleep loss was 3.91 points lower after probiotic treatment than after no probiotic treatment (95% CI -5.86 to -1.96; low-quality evidence). The minimum clinically important difference for SCORAD has been estimated to be 8.7 points.We noted significant to extreme levels of unexplainable heterogeneity between the results of individual studies. We judged most studies to be at unclear risk of bias; six studies had high attrition bias, and nine were at low risk of bias overall.We found no evidence to show that probiotics make a difference in the risk of adverse events during active treatment (risk ratio (RR) 1.54, 95% CI 0.90 to 2.63; seven trials; 402 participants; low-quality evidence). Studies in our review that reported adverse effects described gastrointestinal symptoms. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Evidence suggests that, compared with no probiotic, currently available probiotic strains probably make little or no difference in improving patient-rated eczema symptoms. Probiotics may make little or no difference in QoL for people with eczema nor in investigator-rated eczema severity score (combined with participant scoring for eczema symptoms of itch and sleep loss); for the latter, the observed effect was small and of uncertain clinical significance. Therefore, use of probiotics for the treatment of eczema is currently not evidence-based. This update found no evidence of increased adverse effects with probiotic use during studies, but a separate adverse events search from the first review revealed that probiotic treatment carries a small risk of adverse events.Results show significant, unexplainable heterogeneity between individual trial results. Only a small number of studies measured some outcomes.Future studies should better measure QoL scores and adverse events, and should report on new probiotics. Researchers should also consider studying subgroups of patients (e.g. patients with atopy or food allergies, adults) and standardising doses/concentrations of probiotics given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areti Makrgeorgou
- West Ambulatory Care HospitalDepartment of DermatologyDalnair StreetGlasgowUKG3 8SJ
| | - Jo Leonardi‐Bee
- The University of NottinghamDivision of Epidemiology and Public HealthClinical Sciences BuildingNottingham City Hospital NHS Trust Campus, Hucknall RoadNottinghamUKNG5 1PB
| | - Fiona J Bath‐Hextall
- University of NottinghamSchool of Health SciencesB Floor, South Block LinkQueens Medical CentreNottinghamUKNG7 2HA
| | - Dedee F Murrell
- St George Hospital & University of New South WalesDepartment of DermatologyBelgrave StKogarahSydneyNSWAustralia2217
| | - Mimi LK Tang
- Royal Children's HospitalDepartment of Allergy and ImmunologyFlemington RoadMelbourneVictoriaAustralia3052
- Murdoch Childrens Research InstituteAllergy and Immune DisordersFlemington RoadParkvilleMelbourneVictoriaAustralia3052
- The University of MelbourneDepartment of PaediatricsMelbourneAustralia
| | - Amanda Roberts
- Nottingham Support Group for Carers of Children with EczemaNottinghamUKNG5 4FG
| | - Robert J Boyle
- Imperial College LondonSection of Paediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of MedicineWright Fleming BuildingNorfolk PlaceLondonUKW2 1PG
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78
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Wollenberg A, Barbarot S, Bieber T, Christen-Zaech S, Deleuran M, Fink-Wagner A, Gieler U, Girolomoni G, Lau S, Muraro A, Czarnecka-Operacz M, Schäfer T, Schmid-Grendelmeier P, Simon D, Szalai Z, Szepietowski JC, Taïeb A, Torrelo A, Werfel T, Ring J. Consensus-based European guidelines for treatment of atopic eczema (atopic dermatitis) in adults and children: part I. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2018; 32:657-682. [PMID: 29676534 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.14891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 532] [Impact Index Per Article: 88.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This guideline was developed as a joint interdisciplinary European project, including physicians from all relevant disciplines as well as patients. It is a consensus-based guideline, taking available evidence from other guidelines, systematic reviews and published studies into account. This first part of the guideline covers methods, patient perspective, general measures and avoidance strategies, basic emollient treatment and bathing, dietary intervention, topical anti-inflammatory therapy, phototherapy and antipruritic therapy, whereas the second part covers antimicrobial therapy, systemic treatment, allergen-specific immunotherapy, complementary medicine, psychosomatic counselling and educational interventions. Management of AE must consider the individual clinical variability of the disease; highly standardized treatment rules are not recommended. Basic therapy is focused on treatment of disturbed barrier function by hydrating and lubricating topical treatment, besides further avoidance of specific and unspecific provocation factors. Topical anti-inflammatory treatment based on glucocorticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors is used for flare management and for proactive therapy for long-term control. Topical corticosteroids remain the mainstay of therapy, whereas tacrolimus and pimecrolimus are preferred in sensitive skin areas and for long-term use. Topical phosphodiesterase inhibitors may be a treatment alternative when available. Adjuvant therapy includes UV irradiation, preferably with UVB 311 nm or UVA1. Pruritus is targeted with the majority of the recommended therapies, but some patients may need additional antipruritic therapy. Antimicrobial therapy, systemic anti-inflammatory treatment, immunotherapy, complementary medicine and educational intervention will be addressed in part II of the guideline.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Wollenberg
- Department Dermatology and Allergy, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany.,Klinik Thalkirchner Straße, Munich, Germany
| | - S Barbarot
- Department of Dermatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - T Bieber
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - S Christen-Zaech
- Pediatric Dermatology Unit, Departments of Dermatology and Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Deleuran
- Department Dermatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - A Fink-Wagner
- European Federation of Allergy and Airways Diseases Patients' Associations (EFA), Global Allergy and Asthma Patient Platform (GAAPP), Konstanz, Germany
| | - U Gieler
- Department of Dermatology, University of Gießen and Marburg GmbH, Gießen, Germany.,Department of Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Gießen and Marburg GmbH, Gießen, Germany
| | - G Girolomoni
- Department of Medicine, Section of Dermatology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - S Lau
- Pediatric Pneumology and Immunology, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Muraro
- Centro di Specializzazione Regionale per lo Studio e la Cura delle Allergie e delle Intolleranze Alimentari presso l'Azienda Ospedaliera, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - T Schäfer
- Dermatological Practice, Immenstadt, Germany
| | - P Schmid-Grendelmeier
- Allergy Unit, Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education CK-CARE, Davos, Switzerland
| | - D Simon
- Department Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Z Szalai
- Department of Dermatology, Heim Pál Children's Hospital, Budapest, Hungary
| | - J C Szepietowski
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - A Taïeb
- Department of Dermatology and Pediatric Dermatology, Hôpital St André, Bordeaux, France
| | - A Torrelo
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Niño Jesus, Madrid, Spain
| | - T Werfel
- Department Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - J Ring
- Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education CK-CARE, Davos, Switzerland.,Department Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
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79
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Kim HW, Hong R, Choi EY, Yu K, Kim N, Hyeon JY, Cho KK, Choi IS, Yun CH. A Probiotic Mixture Regulates T Cell Balance and Reduces Atopic Dermatitis Symptoms in Mice. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2414. [PMID: 30374337 PMCID: PMC6196311 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder with a complex etiology involving the immune response. Recent studies have demonstrated the role of certain probiotics in the treatment and prevention of AD. However, the mechanism by which these probiotics regulate the immune system remains unclear. In this study, we examined the immunomodulatory capacity of Duolac ATP, a mixed formulation of probiotics, both in vitro and in vivo. Results showed that the expression of programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1) was significantly upregulated on bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) treated with Duolac ATP. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and TGF-beta were both upregulated when BMDCs were treated with Duolac ATP. The percentage of proliferated regulatory T cells (Tregs) was enhanced when CD4+ T cells were co-cultured with Duolac ATP-treated BMDCs on plates coated with anti-CD3/CD28 antibodies. Intriguingly, IL-10 secretion from CD4+ T cells was also observed. The AD symptoms, histologic scores, and serum IgE levels in AD mice were significantly decreased after oral treatment with Duolac ATP. Moreover, the Th1-mediated response in AD-induced mice treated with oral Duolac ATP showed upregulation of IL-2 and IFN-gamma as well as of downstream signaling molecules T-bet, STAT-1, and STAT-4. Conversely, Duolac ATP suppressed Th2 and Th17 responses in AD-like mice, as evidenced by the downregulation of GATA-3, C-maf, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-17. Additionally, Duolac ATP increased the number of Tregs found at Peyer’s patches (PP) in treated AD mice. These results suggest that Duolac ATP modulates DCs to initiate both Th1 and Treg responses in AD mice. Thus, Duolac ATP represents a potential preventative agent against AD and could serve as an effective immunomodulator in AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wool Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Rira Hong
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun Young Choi
- Department of Biological Science, College of Medical and Life Sciences, Silla University, Busan, South Korea
| | - KeeSun Yu
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Narae Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Yi Hyeon
- Department of Biological Science, College of Medical and Life Sciences, Silla University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Kwang Keun Cho
- Department of Animal Resources Technology, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju, South Korea
| | - In Soon Choi
- Department of Biological Science, College of Medical and Life Sciences, Silla University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Cheol-Heui Yun
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, South Korea
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80
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Di Pierro F, Basile I, Danza ML, Venturelli L, Contini R, Risso P, Colombo M. Use of a probiotic mixture containing Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB12 and Enterococcus faecium L3 in atopic children. Minerva Pediatr 2018; 70:418-424. [DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4946.18.05203-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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81
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Hajavi J, Esmaeili SA, Varasteh AR, Vazini H, Atabati H, Mardani F, Momtazi-Borojeni AA, Hashemi M, Sankian M, Sahebkar A. The immunomodulatory role of probiotics in allergy therapy. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:2386-2398. [PMID: 30192002 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The increased incidence of allergic disorders may be the result of a relative fall in microbial induction in the intestinal immune system during infancy and early childhood. Probiotics have recently been proposed as viable microorganisms for the prevention and treatment of specific allergic diseases. Different mechanisms have been considered for this probiotic property, such as generation of cytokines from activated pro-T-helper type 1 after bacterial contact. However, the effects of its immunomodulatory potential require validation for clinical applications. This review will focus on the currently available data on the benefits of probiotics in allergy disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jafar Hajavi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Seyed-Alireza Esmaeili
- Immunology Research Center, BuAli Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abdol-Reza Varasteh
- Allergy Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Vazini
- Nursing Department, Basic Sciences Faculty, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Hadi Atabati
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mardani
- Immunology Research Center, BuAli Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir A Momtazi-Borojeni
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Hashemi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Sankian
- Immunology Research Center, BuAli Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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82
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A synbiotic multiparticulate microcapsule for enhancing inulin intestinal release and Bifidobacterium gastro-intestinal survivability. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 193:137-143. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.03.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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83
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Kang Y, Cai Y, Pan W. Change in gut microbiota for eczema: Implications for novel therapeutic strategies. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2018; 46:281-290. [PMID: 29279259 DOI: 10.1016/j.aller.2017.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Eczema is one of the most common inflammatory diseases, often constituting a lifelong burden for afflicted individuals. The complex interaction of host genetic and multiple environmental factors contribute to its pathogenesis. A relationship between maladjustment of gut microbiota and eczema has been brought into the light of day in most previous studies. In eczema preclinical models, specific intestinal microbial species have been demonstrated to prohibit or dwindle immune responsiveness, indicating that these strains among commensal gut bacteria may exert either a morbific or phylactic function in eczema progression. As such, oral probiotics can serve as a medicinal approach for eczema therapy. Given that relative scientific work is still at the early stage, only limited data are available in the field. New sequencing techniques have been fortunately performed to gain access to an extended research on the relationship between gut bacterial flora and human diseases. In the current review, we identified the role of intestinal microbiota in the development of eczema and how specific bacterial strains adjust the immune responsiveness in the midst of disease progression. Probiotics as an applicable treatment for eczema were evaluated in other threads as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kang
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
| | - Y Cai
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - W Pan
- Faculty of Foreign Languages and Cultures, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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84
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Zhao M, Shen C, Ma L. Treatment efficacy of probiotics on atopic dermatitis, zooming in on infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Dermatol 2018; 57:635-641. [PMID: 29417549 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.13873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mutong Zhao
- Department of Dermatology; Beijing Children's Hospital; Capital Medical University; National Center for Children's Health; Beijing China
| | - Chunping Shen
- Department of Dermatology; Beijing Children's Hospital; Capital Medical University; National Center for Children's Health; Beijing China
| | - Lin Ma
- Department of Dermatology; Beijing Children's Hospital; Capital Medical University; National Center for Children's Health; Beijing China
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85
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Sherwani MA, Tufail S, Muzaffar AF, Yusuf N. The skin microbiome and immune system: Potential target for chemoprevention? PHOTODERMATOLOGY, PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2018; 34:25-34. [PMID: 28766918 PMCID: PMC7289174 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
There has been increasing interest in understanding the role of the human microbiome in skin diseases. Microbiome studies are being utilized in skin cancer research in numerous ways. Commensal bacteria are being studied as a potential tool to judge the biggest environmental risk of skin cancer, ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Owing to the recognized link of skin microbes in the process of inflammation, there have been theories linking commensal bacteria to skin cancer. Viral metagenomics has also provided insight into virus linked forms of skin cancers. Speculations can be drawn for skin microbiome that in a manner similar to gut microbiome, they can be involved in chemoprevention of skin cancer. Nonetheless, there are definitely huge gaps in our knowledge of the relationship of microbiome and skin cancers, especially in relation to chemoprevention. The utilization of microbiome in skin cancer research seems to be a promising field and may help yield novel skin cancer prevention and treatment options. This review focuses on recent utilization of the microbiome in skin cancer research, and it explores the potential of utilizing the microbiome in prevention, earlier diagnosis, and treatment of skin cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saba Tufail
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP, India
| | | | - Nabiha Yusuf
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
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86
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Ekmekciu I, von Klitzing E, Neumann C, Bacher P, Scheffold A, Bereswill S, Heimesaat MM. Fecal Microbiota Transplantation, Commensal Escherichia coli and Lactobacillus johnsonii Strains Differentially Restore Intestinal and Systemic Adaptive Immune Cell Populations Following Broad-spectrum Antibiotic Treatment. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:2430. [PMID: 29321764 PMCID: PMC5732213 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The essential role of the intestinal microbiota in the well-functioning of host immunity necessitates the investigation of species-specific impacts on this interplay. Aim of this study was to examine the ability of defined Gram-positive and Gram-negative intestinal commensal bacterial species, namely Escherichia coli and Lactobacillus johnsonii, respectively, to restore immune functions in mice that were immunosuppressed by antibiotics-induced microbiota depletion. Conventional mice were subjected to broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment for 8 weeks and perorally reassociated with E. coli, L. johnsonii or with a complex murine microbiota by fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). Analyses at days (d) 7 and 28 revealed that immune cell populations in the small and large intestines, mesenteric lymph nodes and spleens of mice were decreased after antibiotic treatment but were completely or at least partially restored upon FMT or by recolonization with the respective bacterial species. Remarkably, L. johnsonii recolonization resulted in the highest CD4+ and CD8+ cell numbers in the small intestine and spleen, whereas neither of the commensal species could stably restore those cell populations in the colon until d28. Meanwhile less efficient than FMT, both species increased the frequencies of regulatory T cells and activated dendritic cells and completely restored intestinal memory/effector T cell populations at d28. Furthermore, recolonization with either single species maintained pro- and anti-inflammatory immune functions in parallel. However, FMT could most effectively recover the decreased frequencies of cytokine producing CD4+ lymphocytes in mucosal and systemic compartments. E. coli recolonization increased the production of cytokines such as TNF, IFN-γ, IL-17, and IL-22, particularly in the small intestine. Conversely, only L. johnsonii recolonization maintained colonic IL-10 production. In summary, FMT appears to be most efficient in the restoration of antibiotics-induced collateral damages to the immune system. However, defined intestinal commensals such as E. coli and L. johnsonii have the potential to restore individual functions of intestinal and systemic immunity. In conclusion, our data provide novel insights into the distinct role of individual commensal bacteria in maintaining immune functions during/following dysbiosis induced by antibiotic therapy thereby shaping host immunity and might thus open novel therapeutical avenues in conditions of perturbed microbiota composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ira Ekmekciu
- Intestinal Microbiology Research Group, Institute of Microbiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eliane von Klitzing
- Intestinal Microbiology Research Group, Institute of Microbiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Neumann
- Department of Cellular Immunology, Clinic for Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,German Rheumatism Research Center, Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Petra Bacher
- Department of Cellular Immunology, Clinic for Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Scheffold
- Department of Cellular Immunology, Clinic for Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,German Rheumatism Research Center, Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Bereswill
- Intestinal Microbiology Research Group, Institute of Microbiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus M Heimesaat
- Intestinal Microbiology Research Group, Institute of Microbiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
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87
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Exploring the role of the microbiota member Bifidobacterium in modulating immune-linked diseases. Emerg Top Life Sci 2017; 1:333-349. [PMID: 33525778 PMCID: PMC7288987 DOI: 10.1042/etls20170058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Revised: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The gut-associated microbiota is essential for multiple physiological processes, including immune development. Acquisition of our initial pioneer microbial communities, including the dominant early life genus Bifidobacterium, occurs at a critical period of immune maturation and programming. Bifidobacteria are resident microbiota members throughout our lifetime and have been shown to modulate specific immune cells and pathways. Notably, reductions in this genus have been associated with several diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease. In this review, we provide an overview of bifidobacteria profiles throughout life and how different strains of bifidobacteria have been implicated in immune modulation in disease states. The focus will be examining preclinical models and outcomes from clinical trials on immune-linked chronic conditions. Finally, we highlight some of the important unresolved questions in relation to Bifidobacterium-mediated immune modulation and implications for future directions, trials, and development of new therapies.
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88
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Tasnim N, Abulizi N, Pither J, Hart MM, Gibson DL. Linking the Gut Microbial Ecosystem with the Environment: Does Gut Health Depend on Where We Live? Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1935. [PMID: 29056933 PMCID: PMC5635058 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Global comparisons reveal a decrease in gut microbiota diversity attributed to Western diets, lifestyle practices such as caesarian section, antibiotic use and formula-feeding of infants, and sanitation of the living environment. While gut microbial diversity is decreasing, the prevalence of chronic inflammatory diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, diabetes, obesity, allergies and asthma is on the rise in Westernized societies. Since the immune system development is influenced by microbial components, early microbial colonization may be a key factor in determining disease susceptibility patterns later in life. Evidence indicates that the gut microbiota is vertically transmitted from the mother and this affects offspring immunity. However, the role of the external environment in gut microbiome and immune development is poorly understood. Studies show that growing up in microbe-rich environments, such as traditional farms, can have protective health effects on children. These health-effects may be ablated due to changes in the human lifestyle, diet, living environment and environmental biodiversity as a result of urbanization. Importantly, if early-life exposure to environmental microbes increases gut microbiota diversity by influencing patterns of gut microbial assembly, then soil biodiversity loss due to land-use changes such as urbanization could be a public health threat. Here, we summarize key questions in environmental health research and discuss some of the challenges that have hindered progress toward a better understanding of the role of the environment on gut microbiome development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishat Tasnim
- Department of Biology, The Irving K. Barber School of Arts and Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Nijiati Abulizi
- Department of Biology, The Irving K. Barber School of Arts and Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Jason Pither
- Department of Biology, The Irving K. Barber School of Arts and Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Miranda M Hart
- Department of Biology, The Irving K. Barber School of Arts and Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Deanna L Gibson
- Department of Biology, The Irving K. Barber School of Arts and Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
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89
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Fredua-Agyeman M, Stapleton P, Basit AW, Gaisford S. Microcalorimetric evaluation of a multi-strain probiotic: Interspecies inhibition between probiotic strains. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
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90
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Ghatani K, Tamang B. Assessment of probiotic characteristics of lactic acid bacteria isolated from fermented yak milk products of Sikkim, India: Chhurpi, Shyow, and Khachu. FOOD BIOTECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/08905436.2017.1335212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kriti Ghatani
- Department of Microbiology, Sikkim University, Tadong, Gangtok, Sikkim, India
| | - Buddhiman Tamang
- Department of Microbiology, Sikkim University, Tadong, Gangtok, Sikkim, India
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91
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Vandenplas Y. Prevention and Management of Cow's Milk Allergy in Non-Exclusively Breastfed Infants. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9070731. [PMID: 28698533 PMCID: PMC5537845 DOI: 10.3390/nu9070731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The prevention and management of cow milk allergy (CMA) is still debated. Since CMA is much less frequent in breastfed infants, breastfeeding should be stimulated. Method: Literature was searched using databases to find original papers and reviews on this topic. Results: Hydrolysates with a clinical proof of efficacy are recommended in the prevention and treatment of CMA. However, not all meta-analyses conclude that hydrolysates do prevent CMA or other atopic manifestations such as atopic dermatitis. There are pros and cons to consider partially hydrolysed protein as an option for starter infant formula for each non-exclusively breastfed infant. A challenge test is still recommended as the most specific and sensitive diagnostic test, although a positive challenge test does not proof that the immune system is involved. The Cow Milk Symptom Score (CoMiSS™) is an awareness tool that enables healthcare professionals to better recognize symptoms related to the ingestion of cow milk, but it still needs validation as diagnostic tool. The current recommended elimination diet is a cow milk based extensive hydrolysate, although rice hydrolysates or soy infant formula can be considered in some cases. About 10 to 15% of infants allergic to cow milk will also react to soy. Mainly because of the higher cost, amino acid based formula is reserved for severe cases. There is no place for infant formula with intact protein from other animals as cross-over allergenicity is high. During recent years, attention focused also on the bifidogenic effect of prebiotics and more recently also on human milk oligosaccharides. A bifidogenic gastrointestinal microbiome may decrease the risk to develop allergic disease. The addition of probiotics and prebiotics to the elimination diet in treatment may enhance the development of tolerance development. Conclusion: Breastfeeding is the best way to feed infants. Cow milk based extensive hydrolysates remain the first option for the treatment of CMA for the majority of patients, while amino acid formulas are reserved for the most severe cases. Rice hydrolysates and soy infant formula are second choice options. Partial hydrolysates with clinical proof of efficacy are recommended in some guidelines in the prevention of CMA and allergic disease in at risk infants, and may be considered as an option as protein source in starter infant formula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvan Vandenplas
- Kidz Health Castle, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium.
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92
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Fu L, Wang C, Wang Y. Seafood allergen-induced hypersensitivity at the microbiota-mucosal site: Implications for prospective probiotic use in allergic response regulation. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 58:1512-1525. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2016.1269719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linglin Fu
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chong Wang
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanbo Wang
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
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93
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Nankervis H, Thomas K, Delamere F, Barbarot S, Smith S, Rogers N, Williams H. What is the evidence base for atopic eczema treatments? A summary of published randomized controlled trials. Br J Dermatol 2017; 176:910-927. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Nankervis
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology; University of Nottingham; King's Meadow Campus, Lenton Lane Nottingham NG7 2NR U.K
| | - K.S. Thomas
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology; University of Nottingham; King's Meadow Campus, Lenton Lane Nottingham NG7 2NR U.K
| | - F.M. Delamere
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology; University of Nottingham; King's Meadow Campus, Lenton Lane Nottingham NG7 2NR U.K
| | - S. Barbarot
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology; University of Nottingham; King's Meadow Campus, Lenton Lane Nottingham NG7 2NR U.K
| | - S. Smith
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology; University of Nottingham; King's Meadow Campus, Lenton Lane Nottingham NG7 2NR U.K
| | - N.K. Rogers
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology; University of Nottingham; King's Meadow Campus, Lenton Lane Nottingham NG7 2NR U.K
| | - H.C. Williams
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology; University of Nottingham; King's Meadow Campus, Lenton Lane Nottingham NG7 2NR U.K
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94
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Jugan MC, Rudinsky AJ, Parker VJ, Gilor C. Use of probiotics in small animal veterinary medicine. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2017; 250:519-528. [DOI: 10.2460/javma.250.5.519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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95
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Long-term safety assessment in children who received hydrolyzed protein formulas with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG: a 5-year follow-up. Eur J Pediatr 2017; 176:217-224. [PMID: 27975116 PMCID: PMC5243874 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-016-2825-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Extensively hydrolyzed (EH) formula with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) was demonstrated to alleviate cow's milk allergy (CMA) symptoms and promote faster acquisition of tolerance to cow's milk protein. We previously demonstrated that partially hydrolyzed (PH) and EH formulas with LGG supported normal growth in healthy-term infants through 120 days of age. The objective of the current study was to evaluate growth, development, and specific adverse events through 5 years of age in participants from that cohort who continued receiving study formula. Infants who completed a double-blind, randomized growth and tolerance study were eligible to continue receiving the assigned study formula through 1 year of age (control: EH casein formula, EHF, or one of two investigational formulas: EH casein formula with LGG (EHF-LGG) or a PH formula with LGG (PHF-LGG)) and participate in follow-up through 5 years of age. Anthropometric measures, behavior development, and specific adverse events were recorded. No significant differences in achieved weight and height or behavioral development outcomes at 3 or 5 years of age were observed among study groups. Few statistically significant differences in the incidence of specific infection-related events through years 3 or 5 were observed among study groups, none of which were considered clinically relevant. CONCLUSION Extensively and partially hydrolyzed formulas with LGG were associated with normal growth and development and long-term safety through 5 years of age. What is Known: • Infants with cow's milk allergy often experience allergic manifestations that can lead to poor nutrition status and poor growth. • Providing partially hydrolyzed (PH) and EH formulas with or without LGG in infants can support normal growth in healthy-term infants. What is New: • This study provides long-term safety data for the first 5 years of life on the use of extensively and partially hydrolyzed formulas with LGG when fed through 1 year of age. • Extensively and partially hydrolyzed formulas with LGG are associated with normal growth, development, and long-term safety through 5 years of age.
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96
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Searching for the Perfect Homeostasis: Five Strains of Bifidobacterium longum From Centenarians Have a Similar Behavior in the Production of Cytokines. J Clin Gastroenterol 2016; 50 Suppl 2, Proceedings from the 8th Probiotics, Prebiotics & New Foods for Microbiota and Human Health meeting held in Rome, Italy on September 13-15, 2015:S126-S130. [PMID: 27741155 DOI: 10.1097/mcg.0000000000000678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
GOALS To investigate the modulation of human cytokines by Bifidobacterium longum strains isolated from Centenarians. In particular, we measured the production of interleukin (IL)-12p70, interferon-γ, IL-17A, and IL-4 from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells after stimulation with live bacteria. BACKGROUND Probiotics may inhibit pathogens and modulate the immune system, bringing a beneficial effect on human health. Among the probiotic strains, bifidobacteria play a key role in the maturation of the host's immune system. At present, only a few comparative data are available on the effects of bifidobacteria associations on cytokine production. STUDY Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated, cultured, and stimulated (ratio 1:1) with B. longum DLBL07, B. longum DLBL08, B. longum DLBL09, B. longum DLBL10, or B. longum DLBL11, either alone or in association. Cytokine production was determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Both the B. longum DLBL mixture and the individual B. longum DLBL strains induced similar levels of IL-4, interferon-γ, and IL-17A. Under all conditions tested, no IL-12p70 release was detected. CONCLUSIONS The fact that B. longum strains were obtained from Centenarians suggests a perfect homeostasis between this specific species and the host. Moreover all the B. longum strains from Centenarians used in our study share some biological similarities.
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97
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Choi WJ, Konkit M, Kim Y, Kim MK, Kim W. Oral administration of Lactococcus chungangensis inhibits 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene-induced atopic-like dermatitis in NC/Nga mice. J Dairy Sci 2016; 99:6889-6901. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-11301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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98
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Ozkan TB, Sahin E, Erdemir G, Budak F. Effect of Saccharomyces boulardii in Children with Acute Gastroenteritis and Its Relationship to the Immune Response. J Int Med Res 2016; 35:201-12. [PMID: 17542407 DOI: 10.1177/147323000703500204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the effect of Saccharomyces boulardii administration in otherwise healthy children aged between 6 months and 10 years who were admitted for acute diarrhoea (15 males, 12 females). The patients were randomized into two groups: group 1 ( n = 16) received 250 mg S. boulardii dissolved in 5 ml of water orally twice daily for 7 days and group 2 ( n = 11) received placebo. Clinical and laboratory assessments were performed on admission and on day 7 of follow-up. Both groups experienced reduced daily stool frequency, the decrease being significantly greater in group 1 on days 3 and 4 compared with group 2. Group 1 demonstrated significant increases in serum immunoglobulin A and decreases in C-reactive protein levels on day 7. The percentage of CD8 lymphocytes on day 7 was significantly higher in group 1 than group 2. This study confirmed the efficacy of S. boulardii in paediatric acute gastroenteritis and the findings suggest that S. boulardii treatment enhances the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- T B Ozkan
- Department of Paediatrics, Medical Faculty, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey.
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99
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Fields D, Czerkies L, Sun S, Storm H, Saavedra J, Sorensen R. A Randomized Controlled Trial Assessing Growth of Infants Fed a 100% Whey Extensively Hydrolyzed Formula Compared With a Casein-Based Extensively Hydrolyzed Formula. Glob Pediatr Health 2016; 3:2333794X16636613. [PMID: 27336009 PMCID: PMC4905054 DOI: 10.1177/2333794x16636613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study compared the growth of healthy infants fed a hypoallergenic 100% whey-based extensively hydrolyzed formula (EHF) with Bifidobacterium lactis (test) with that of infants fed an extensively hydrolyzed casein formula (control). Formula-fed infants (14 ± 3 days) were randomized to test or control groups until 112 days of age. Anthropometrics were assessed at 14, 28, 56, 84, and 112 days, and daily records were kept for 2 days prior to study visits. Serum albumin and plasma amino acids at 84 days were assessed in a subset. A total of 282 infants were randomized (124 test, 158 control). Significantly more infants dropped out of the control (56%) as compared with the test (41%) group. Mean daily weight gain was significantly higher in the test group compared with the control group (27.95 ± 5.91 vs 25.93 ± 6.12 g/d; P = .027) with the test group reporting significantly fewer stools (2.2 vs 3.6 stools/d; P < .0001). The control group reported significantly more days with >3 loose stools/d and a higher incidence of vomiting as compared with the test group. There were no differences in gas, mood, sleep, or serum albumin. Plasma arginine and valine were significantly lower in the test group, whereas leucine and lysine were higher; all values were within normal limits. Significantly more adverse events attributed to the study formula were reported in the control group. The 100% whey-based hypoallergenic EHF containing Bifidobacterium lactis and medium chain triglycerides supported growth of healthy infants. Future studies on the application of this formula in clinically indicated populations are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Fields
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | | | - Shumei Sun
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | | | - José Saavedra
- Nestlé Nutrition, Vevey, Switzerland
- José M. Saavedra, Nestlé Nutrition, Av Nestlé 55, Vevey, 1800, Switzerland.
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100
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Nankervis H, Thomas KS, Delamere FM, Barbarot S, Rogers NK, Williams HC. Scoping systematic review of treatments for eczema. PROGRAMME GRANTS FOR APPLIED RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.3310/pgfar04070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BackgroundEczema is a very common chronic inflammatory skin condition.ObjectivesTo update the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment (HTA) systematic review of treatments for atopic eczema, published in 2000, and to inform health-care professionals, commissioners and patients about key treatment developments and research gaps.Data sourcesElectronic databases including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Skin Group Specialised Register, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS), Allied and Complementary Medicine Database (AMED) and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) were searched from the end of 2000 to 31 August 2013. Retrieved articles were used to identify further randomised controlled trials (RCTs).Review methodsStudies were filtered according to inclusion criteria and agreed by consensus in cases of uncertainty. Abstracts were excluded and non-English-language papers were screened by international colleagues and data were extracted. Only RCTs of treatments for eczema were included, as other forms of evidence are associated with higher risks of bias. Inclusion criteria for studies included availability of data relevant to the therapeutic management of eczema; mention of randomisation; comparison of two or more treatments; and prospective data collection. Participants of all ages were included. Eczema diagnosis was determined by a clinician or according to published diagnostic criteria. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration risk-of-bias tool. We used a standardised approach to summarising the data and the assessment of risk of bias and we made a clear distinction between what the studies found and our own interpretation of study findings.ResultsOf 7198 references screened, 287 new trials were identified spanning 92 treatments. Trial reporting was generally poor (randomisation method: 2% high, 36% low, 62% unclear risk of bias; allocation concealment: 3% high, 15% low, 82% unclear risk of bias; blinding of the intervention: 15% high, 28% low, 57% unclear risk of bias). Only 22 (8%) trials were considered to be at low risk of bias for all three criteria. There was reasonable evidence of benefit for the topical medications tacrolimus, pimecrolimus and various corticosteroids (with tacrolimus superior to pimecrolimus and corticosteroids) for both treatment and flare prevention; oral ciclosporin; oral azathioprine; narrow band ultraviolet B (UVB) light; Atopiclair™ and education. There was reasonable evidence to suggest no clinically useful benefit for twice-daily compared with once-daily topical corticosteroids; corticosteroids containing antibiotics for non-infected eczema; probiotics; evening primrose and borage oil; ion-exchange water softeners; protease inhibitor SRD441 (Serentis Ltd); furfuryl palmitate in emollient; cipamfylline cream; andMycobacterium vaccaevaccine. Additional research evidence is needed for emollients, bath additives, antibacterials, specialist clothing and complementary and alternative therapies. There was no RCT evidence for topical corticosteroid dilution, impregnated bandages, soap avoidance, bathing frequency or allergy testing.LimitationsThe large scope of the review coupled with the heterogeneity of outcomes precluded formal meta-analyses. Our conclusions are still limited by a profusion of small, poorly reported studies.ConclusionsAlthough the evidence base of RCTs has increased considerably since the last NIHR HTA systematic review, the field is still severely hampered by poor design and reporting problems including failure to register trials and declare primary outcomes, small sample size, short follow-up duration and poor reporting of risk of bias. Key areas for further research identified by the review include the optimum use of emollients, bathing frequency, wash products, allergy testing and antiseptic treatments. Perhaps the greatest benefit identified is the use of twice weekly anti-inflammatory treatment to maintain disease remission. More studies need to be conducted in a primary care setting where most people with eczema are seen in the UK. Future studies need to use the same core set of outcomes that capture patient symptoms, clinical signs, quality of life and the chronic nature of the disease.FundingThe National Institute for Health Research Programme Grants for Applied Research programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Nankervis
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Kim S Thomas
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Finola M Delamere
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Sébastien Barbarot
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Natasha K Rogers
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Hywel C Williams
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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