51
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Wang T, Singh Y, Stine KJ, Demchenko AV. Investigation of Glycosyl Nitrates as Building Blocks for Chemical Glycosylation. European J Org Chem 2018; 2018:6699-6705. [PMID: 31341403 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201801272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Glycosyl nitrates are important synthetic intermediates in the synthesis of 2-amino sugars, 1,2-orthoesters or, more recently, 2-OH glucose. However, glycosyl nitrates have never been glycosidated. Presented herein is our first attempt to use glycosyl nitrates as glycosyl donors for O-glycosylation. Lanthanide triflates showed good affinity to activate the nitrate leaving group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tinghua Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri - St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, USA
| | - Yashapal Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri - St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, USA
| | - Keith J Stine
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri - St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, USA
| | - Alexei V Demchenko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri - St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, USA
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52
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Cheng CW, Zhou Y, Pan WH, Dey S, Wu CY, Hsu WL, Wong CH. Hierarchical and programmable one-pot synthesis of oligosaccharides. Nat Commun 2018; 9:5202. [PMID: 30523255 PMCID: PMC6283847 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07618-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The programmable one-pot oligosaccharide synthesis method was designed to enable the rapid synthesis of a large number of oligosaccharides, using the software Optimer to search Building BLocks (BBLs) with defined relative reactivity values (RRVs) to be used sequentially in the one-pot reaction. However, there were only about 50 BBLs with measured RRVs in the original library and the method could only synthesize small oligosaccharides due to the RRV ordering requirement. Here, we increase the library to include 154 validated BBLs and more than 50,000 virtual BBLs with predicted RRVs by machine learning. We also develop the software Auto-CHO to accommodate more data handling and support hierarchical one-pot synthesis using fragments as BBLs generated by the one-pot synthesis. This advanced programmable one-pot method provides potential synthetic solutions for complex glycans with four successful examples demonstrated in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Wei Cheng
- Bioinformatics Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
| | - Yixuan Zhou
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Harn Pan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Supriya Dey
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yi Wu
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Lian Hsu
- Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Huey Wong
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan. .,Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
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53
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Bythell BJ, Rabus JM, Wagoner AR, Abutokaikah MT, Maître P. Sequence Ion Structures and Dissociation Chemistry of Deprotonated Sucrose Anions. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2018; 29:2380-2393. [PMID: 30284205 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-018-2065-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the tandem mass spectrometry of regiospecifically labeled, deprotonated sucrose analytes. We utilize density functional theory calculations to model the pertinent gas-phase fragmentation chemistry of the prevalent glycosidic bond cleavages (B1-Y1 and C1-Z1 reactions) and compare these predictions to infrared spectroscopy experiments on the resulting B1 and C1 product anions. For the C1 anions, barriers to interconversion of the pyranose [α-glucose-H]-, C1 anions to entropically favorable ring-open aldehyde-terminated forms were modest (41 kJ mol-1) consistent with the observation of a band assigned to a carbonyl stretch at ~ 1680-1720 cm-1. For the B1 anions, our transition structure calculations predict the presence of both deprotonated 1,6-anhydroglucose and carbon 2-ketone ((4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)dihydro-2H-pyran-3(4H)-one) anion structures, with the latter predominating. This hypothesis is supported by our spectroscopic data which show diagnostic bands at 1600, 1674, and 1699 cm-1 (deprotonated carbon 2-ketone structures), and at ~ 1541 cm-1 (both types of structure) and RRKM rate calculations. The deprotonated carbon 2-ketone structures are also the lowest energy product B1 anions. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Bythell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63121, USA.
| | - Jordan M Rabus
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63121, USA
| | - Ashley R Wagoner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63121, USA
| | - Maha T Abutokaikah
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63121, USA
| | - Philippe Maître
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique (UMR8000), CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405, Orsay, France
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54
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Wang SC, Liao HY, Zhang JY, Cheng TJR, Wong CH. Development of a universal influenza vaccine using hemagglutinin stem protein produced from Pichia pastoris. Virology 2018; 526:125-137. [PMID: 30388628 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The development of a universal influenza vaccine has become a major effort to combat the high mutation rate of influenza. To explore the use of the highly conserved stem region of hemagglutinin (HA) as a universal vaccine, we produced HA-stem-based protein using yeast expression systems. The glycosylation effects on the immunogenicity and protection activities were investigated. The yield of the A/Brisbane/59/2007 HA stem produced from Pichia pastoris reached 100 mg/l. The immunogenicity of HA stem proteins in various glycoforms was further investigated and compared. All glycoforms of the HA stem protein can induce cross-reactive antibody responses, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC)-mediated protection as well as T-cell responses, with broad protection in mice. The monoglycosylated form of the A/Brisbane/59/2007 HA stem produced in yeast, together with the glycolipid C34 as the adjuvant, can elicit greater ADCC responses, better neutralizing activities against heterologous strains, and broader protection in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Chi Wang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yu Liao
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Yan Zhang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Jen Rachel Cheng
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Huey Wong
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
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55
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Panza M, Pistorio SG, Stine KJ, Demchenko AV. Automated Chemical Oligosaccharide Synthesis: Novel Approach to Traditional Challenges. Chem Rev 2018; 118:8105-8150. [PMID: 29953217 PMCID: PMC6522228 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Advances in carbohydrate chemistry have certainly made common oligosaccharides much more accessible. However, many current methods still rely heavily upon specialized knowledge of carbohydrate chemistry. The application of automated technologies to chemical and life science applications such as genomics and proteomics represents a vibrant field. These automated technologies also present opportunities for their application to organic synthesis, including that of the synthesis of oligosaccharides. However, application of automated methods to the synthesis of carbohydrates is an underdeveloped area as compared to other classes of biomolecules. The overarching goal of this review article is to present the advances that have been made at the interface of carbohydrate chemistry and automated technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Panza
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri–St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, United States
| | - Salvatore G. Pistorio
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri–St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, United States
| | - Keith J. Stine
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri–St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, United States
| | - Alexei V. Demchenko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri–St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, United States
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56
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Okuda T. Design of Carrier Molecules Suitable for Inducing Immunity to Oligosaccharide Antigens: Application to Anti-Glycoprotein Monoclonal Antibodies. TRENDS GLYCOSCI GLYC 2018. [DOI: 10.4052/tigg.1762.1j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Okuda
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
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57
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Okuda T. Design of Carrier Molecules Suitable for Inducing Immunity to Oligosaccharide Antigens: Application to Anti-Glycoprotein Monoclonal Antibodies. TRENDS GLYCOSCI GLYC 2018. [DOI: 10.4052/tigg.1762.1e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Okuda
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
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58
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Lee IM, Yang FL, Chen TL, Liao KS, Ren CT, Lin NT, Chang YP, Wu CY, Wu SH. Pseudaminic Acid on Exopolysaccharide of Acinetobacter baumannii Plays a Critical Role in Phage-Assisted Preparation of Glycoconjugate Vaccine with High Antigenicity. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:8639-8643. [PMID: 29965749 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b04078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pseudaminic acid (Pse) has been known for participating in crucial bacterial virulence and thus is an attractive target in the development of glycoconjugate vaccine. Particularly, this therapeutic alternative was suggested to be a potential solution against antibiotic resistant Acinetobacter baumannii that poses a serious global health threat. Also, Pse was found to be involved in the exopolysaccharide (EPS) of mild antibiotic resistant A. baumannii strain 54149 ( Ab-54149) of which specific glycosyl linkage can be depolymerized by phage ΦAB6 tailspike protein (ΦAB6TSP). In this study, we found that the antibodies induced by Ab-54149 EPS was capable of recognizing a range of EPS of other clinical A. baumannii strains, and deemed as a great potential material for vaccination. To efficiently acquire homogeneous EPS-derived oligosaccharide with significant immunogenic activity for the production of glycoconjugate, we used the ΦAB6TSP for the fragmentation of Ab-54149 EPS instead of chemical methods. Moreover, insight into the ligand binding characterization of ΦAB6TSP suggested the branched Pse on the Ab-54149 EPS served as a recognition site of ΦAB6TSP. The serum boosted by ΦAB6TSP-digested product and carrier protein CRM197 conjugate complex displayed specific sensitivity toward Ab-54149 EPS with bacterial killing activity. Strikingly, Pse is an ideal epitope with strong antigenicity, profiting the application of the probe for pathogen detection and glyco-based vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Ming Lee
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica , Taipei 115 , Taiwan
| | - Feng-Ling Yang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica , Taipei 115 , Taiwan
| | - Te-Li Chen
- Graduate Institute of Life Science, National Defense Medical Center , Taipei 112 , Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Shiang Liao
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica , Taipei 115 , Taiwan
| | - Chien-Tai Ren
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica , Taipei 115 , Taiwan
| | - Nien-Tsung Lin
- Department of Microbiology , Tzu Chi University , Hualien 970 , Taiwan
| | - Yu-Pei Chang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica , Taipei 115 , Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yi Wu
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica , Taipei 115 , Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsiung Wu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica , Taipei 115 , Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry , National Taiwan University , Taipei 106 , Taiwan.,Institute of Biochemical Sciences , National Taiwan University , Taipei 106 , Taiwan
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59
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Harvey DJ. Analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: An update for 2013-2014. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2018; 37:353-491. [PMID: 29687922 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This review is the eighth update of the original article published in 1999 on the application of Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI) mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2014. Topics covered in the first part of the review include general aspects such as theory of the MALDI process, matrices, derivatization, MALDI imaging, fragmentation, and arrays. The second part of the review is devoted to applications to various structural types such as oligo- and poly- saccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycosides, and biopharmaceuticals. Much of this material is presented in tabular form. The third part of the review covers medical and industrial applications of the technique, studies of enzyme reactions, and applications to chemical synthesis. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev 37:353-491, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Harvey
- Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, United Kingdom
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60
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Wei MM, Wang YS, Ye XS. Carbohydrate-based vaccines for oncotherapy. Med Res Rev 2018; 38:1003-1026. [PMID: 29512174 DOI: 10.1002/med.21493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is still one of the most serious threats to human worldwide. Aberrant patterns of glycosylation on the surface of cancer cells, which are correlated with various cancer development stages, can differentiate the abnormal tissues from the healthy ones. Therefore, tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs) represent the desired targets for cancer immunotherapy. However, these carbohydrate antigens may not able to evoke powerful immune response to combat with cancer for their poor immunogenicity and immunotolerance. Different approaches have been developed to address these problems. In this review, we want to summarize the latest advances in TACAs based anticancer vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Man Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Shi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Shan Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
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61
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Anraku K, Sato S, Jacob NT, Eubanks LM, Ellis BA, Janda KD. The design and synthesis of an α-Gal trisaccharide epitope that provides a highly specific anti-Gal immune response. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 15:2979-2992. [PMID: 28294277 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob00448f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrate antigens displaying Galα(1,3)Gal epitopes are recognized by naturally occurring antibodies in humans. These anti-Gal antibodies comprise up to 1% of serum IgG and have been viewed as detrimental as they are responsible for hyperacute organ rejections. In order to model this condition, α(1,3)galactosyltransferase-knockout mice are inoculated against the Galα(1,3)Gal epitope. In our study, two α-Gal trisaccharide epitopes composed of either Galα(1,3)Galβ(1,4)GlcNAc or Galα(1,3)Galβ(1,4)Glc linked to a squaric acid ester moiety were examined for their ability to elicit immune responses in KO mice. Both target epitopes were synthesized using a two-component enzymatic system using modified disaccharide substrates containing a linker moiety for coupling. While both glycoconjugate vaccines induced the required high anti-Gal IgG antibody titers, it was found that this response had exquisite specificity for the Galα(1,3)Galβ(1,4)GlcNAc hapten used, with little cross reactivity with the Galα(1,3)Galβ(1,4)Glc hapten. Our findings indicate that while homogenous glycoconjugate vaccines provide high IgG titers, the carrier and adjuvanting factors can deviate the specificity to an antigenic determinant outside the purview of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensaku Anraku
- Departments of Chemistry and Immunology, The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Worm Institute for Research and Medicine (WIRM), The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N Torrey Pines Rd BCC-582, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. and Department of Medical Technology, Kumamoto Health Science University, 325 Izumi-machi, Kita-ku, Kumamoto 861-5598, Japan
| | - Shun Sato
- Departments of Chemistry and Immunology, The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Worm Institute for Research and Medicine (WIRM), The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N Torrey Pines Rd BCC-582, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. and Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5-2, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Nicholas T Jacob
- Departments of Chemistry and Immunology, The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Worm Institute for Research and Medicine (WIRM), The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N Torrey Pines Rd BCC-582, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Lisa M Eubanks
- Departments of Chemistry and Immunology, The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Worm Institute for Research and Medicine (WIRM), The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N Torrey Pines Rd BCC-582, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Beverly A Ellis
- Departments of Chemistry and Immunology, The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Worm Institute for Research and Medicine (WIRM), The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N Torrey Pines Rd BCC-582, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Kim D Janda
- Departments of Chemistry and Immunology, The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Worm Institute for Research and Medicine (WIRM), The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N Torrey Pines Rd BCC-582, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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62
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Daskhan GC, Tran HTT, Meloncelli PJ, Lowary TL, West LJ, Cairo CW. Construction of Multivalent Homo- and Heterofunctional ABO Blood Group Glycoconjugates Using a Trifunctional Linker Strategy. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:343-362. [PMID: 29237123 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The design and synthesis of multivalent ligands displaying complex oligosaccharides is necessary for the development of therapeutics, diagnostics, and research tools. Here, we report an efficient conjugation strategy to prepare complex glycoconjugates with 4 copies of 1 or 2 separate glycan epitopes, providing 4-8 carbohydrate residues on a tetravalent poly(ethylene glycol) scaffold. This strategy provides complex glycoconjugates that approach the size of glycoproteins (15-18 kDa) while remaining well-defined. The synthetic strategy makes use of three orthogonal functional groups, including a reactive N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS)-ester moiety on the linker to install the first carbohydrate epitope via reaction with an amine. A masked amine functionality on the linker is revealed after the removal of a fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl (Fmoc)-protecting group, allowing the attachment to the NHS-activated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) scaffold. An azide group in the linker was then used to incorporate the second carbohydrate epitope via catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition. Using a known tetravalent PEG scaffold (PDI, 1.025), we prepared homofunctional glycoconjugates that display four copies of lactose and the A-type II or the B-type II human blood group antigens. Using our trifunctional linker, we expanded this strategy to produce heterofunctional conjugates with four copies of two separate glycan epitopes. These heterofunctional conjugates included Neu5Ac, 3'-sialyllactose, or 6'-sialyllactose as a second antigen. Using an alternative strategy, we generated heterofunctional conjugates with three copies of the glycan epitope and one fluorescent group (on average) using a sequential dual-amine coupling strategy. These conjugation strategies should be easily generalized for conjugation of other complex glycans. We demonstrate that the glycan epitopes of heterofunctional conjugates engage and cluster target B-cell receptors and CD22 receptors on B cells, supporting the application of these reagents for investigating cellular response to carbohydrate antigens of the ABO blood group system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gour Chand Daskhan
- Alberta Glycomics Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Hanh-Thuc Ton Tran
- Alberta Glycomics Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Peter J Meloncelli
- Alberta Glycomics Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Todd L Lowary
- Alberta Glycomics Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada.,Canadian National Transplant Research Program, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Lori J West
- Alberta Glycomics Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Surgery, Medical Microbiology and Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Alberta Transplant Institute, University of Alberta Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada.,Canadian National Transplant Research Program, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Christopher W Cairo
- Alberta Glycomics Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada.,Canadian National Transplant Research Program, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
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63
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Yamazaki Y, Nambu Y, Ohmae M, Sugai M, Kimura S. Immune responses against Lewis Y tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen displayed densely on self-assembling nanocarriers. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:8095-8105. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob01955j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Immune responses against Lewis Y (LY) displayed at varying densities on the nanocarriers were studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Yamazaki
- Department of Material Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 615-8510
- Japan
| | - Yukiko Nambu
- Division of Molecular Genetics
- Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformative Sciences
- School of Medicine
- University of Fukui
- Fukui 910-1193
| | - Masashi Ohmae
- Department of Material Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 615-8510
- Japan
| | - Manabu Sugai
- Division of Molecular Genetics
- Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformative Sciences
- School of Medicine
- University of Fukui
- Fukui 910-1193
| | - Shunsaku Kimura
- Department of Material Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 615-8510
- Japan
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64
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Rabus JM, Simmons DR, Maître P, Bythell BJ. Deprotonated carbohydrate anion fragmentation chemistry: structural evidence from tandem mass spectrometry, infra-red spectroscopy, and theory. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:27897-27909. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp02620c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We investigate the gas-phase structures and fragmentation chemistry of deprotonated carbohydrate anions using combined tandem mass spectrometry, infrared spectroscopy, regioselective labelling, and theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan M. Rabus
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Missouri-St. Louis
- St. Louis
- USA
| | - Daniel R. Simmons
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Missouri-St. Louis
- St. Louis
- USA
| | - Philippe Maître
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique (UMR8000)
- CNRS
- Univ. Paris-Sud
- Université Paris-Saclay
- Orsay
| | - Benjamin J. Bythell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Missouri-St. Louis
- St. Louis
- USA
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65
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Recent progress of fully synthetic carbohydrate-based vaccine using TLR agonist as build-in adjuvant. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2017.09.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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66
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Abstract
Tumor-associated gangliosides play important roles in regulation of signal transduction induced by growth-factor receptors including EGFR, FGFR, HGF and PDGFR in a specific microdomain called glycosynapse in the cancer cell membranes, and in interaction with glycan recognition molecules involved in cell adhesion and immune regulation including selectins and siglecs. As the genes involved in the synthesis and degradation of tumor-associated gangliosides were identified, biological functions became clearer from the experimental results employing forced overexpression and/or knockdown/knockout of the genes. Studies on the regulatory mechanisms for their expression also achieved great advancements. Epigenetic silencing of glycan-related genes is a dominant mechanism in glycan alteration at early stages of carcinogenesis. Development of hypoxia resistance involving activation of a transcription factor HIF, and acquisition of cancer stem cell-like characteristics through epithelial-mesenchymal transition are important mechanisms for glycan modulations in the later stages of cancer progression. In the initial stages of studies, the gangliosides which specifically appear in cancers attracted attention under the name of tumor-associated gangliosides. However, it became apparent that not only the cancer-associated gangliosides but also the normal gangliosides present in nonmalignant cells and tissues perform important biological functions, and some of them tend to disappear in cancer cells resulting in the loss of the physiological functions, and this sometimes facilitates progression of cancers.
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67
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Pantophlet R, Trattnig N, Murrell S, Lu N, Chau D, Rempel C, Wilson IA, Kosma P. Bacterially derived synthetic mimetics of mammalian oligomannose prime antibody responses that neutralize HIV infectivity. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1601. [PMID: 29150603 PMCID: PMC5693931 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01640-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Oligomannose-type glycans are among the major targets on the gp120 component of the HIV envelope protein (Env) for broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs). However, attempts to elicit oligomannose-specific nAbs by immunizing with natural or synthetic oligomannose have so far not been successful, possibly due to B cell tolerance checkpoints. Here we design and synthesize oligomannose mimetics, based on the unique chemical structure of a recently identified bacterial lipooligosaccharide, to appear foreign to the immune system. One of these mimetics is bound avidly by members of a family of oligomannose-specific bnAbs and their putative common germline precursor when presented as a glycoconjugate. The crystal structure of one of the mimetics bound to a member of this bnAb family confirms the antigenic resemblance. Lastly, immunization of human-antibody transgenic animals with a lead mimetic evokes nAbs with specificities approaching those of existing bnAbs. These results provide evidence for utilizing antigenic mimicry to elicit oligomannose-specific bnAbs to HIV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph Pantophlet
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada, V5A1S6. .,Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada, V5A1S6. .,SFU Interdisciplinary Research Centre for HIV, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada, V5A1S6.
| | - Nino Trattnig
- Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, A-1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sasha Murrell
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.,Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Naiomi Lu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada, V5A1S6
| | - Dennis Chau
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada, V5A1S6
| | - Caitlin Rempel
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada, V5A1S6
| | - Ian A Wilson
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA. .,Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA. .,IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA. .,Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
| | - Paul Kosma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, A-1190, Vienna, Austria.
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68
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Liu Z, Guo J. NKT-cell glycolipid agonist as adjuvant in synthetic vaccine. Carbohydr Res 2017; 452:78-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Revised: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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69
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Sterner E, Peach ML, Nicklaus MC, Gildersleeve JC. Therapeutic Antibodies to Ganglioside GD2 Evolved from Highly Selective Germline Antibodies. Cell Rep 2017; 20:1681-1691. [PMID: 28813678 PMCID: PMC5572838 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibodies play a crucial role in host defense and are indispensable research tools, diagnostics, and therapeutics. Antibody generation involves binding of genomically encoded germline antibodies followed by somatic hypermutation and in vivo selection to obtain antibodies with high affinity and selectivity. Understanding this process is critical for developing monoclonal antibodies, designing effective vaccines, and understanding autoantibody formation. Prior studies have found that antibodies to haptens, peptides, and proteins evolve from polyspecific germline antibodies. The immunological evolution of antibodies to mammalian glycans has not been studied. Using glycan microarrays, protein microarrays, cell binding studies, and molecular modeling, we demonstrate that therapeutic antibodies to the tumor-associated ganglioside GD2 evolved from highly specific germline precursors. The results have important implications for developing vaccines and monoclonal antibodies that target carbohydrate antigens. In addition, they demonstrate an alternative pathway for antibody evolution within the immune system that is distinct from the polyspecific germline pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Sterner
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Megan L Peach
- Basic Science Program, Chemical Biology Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Marc C Nicklaus
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Gildersleeve
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
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70
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of neoglycosphingolipids. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 134:43-51. [PMID: 28399449 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Various neoglycosphingolipids were efficiently synthesized in a one-step reaction by the coupling of free sugars with an N-alkylaminooxy-functionalized ceramide analogue. The bioactivity studies demonstrated that most of these compounds could upregulate the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9, extracellular matrix proteins associated with tumor migration) in murine melanoma B16 cells in a similar manner to the natural ganglioside monosialodihexosylganglioside (GM3), which highlights the potential use of these neoglycosphingolipids as inhibitors of tumor migration.
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71
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Guu SY, Lin TH, Chang SC, Wang RJ, Hung LY, Fang PJ, Tang WC, Yu P, Chang CF. Serum N-glycome characterization and anti-carbohydrate antibody profiling in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178927. [PMID: 28594851 PMCID: PMC5464575 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation is a protein post translational modification which plays important role in protein function, stabilization, trafficking, and turnover. Alteration of protein glycosylation is a common phenomenon during tumor progression, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, as well as metastasis. Hence, aberrant glycan structures and the induced corresponding anti-carbohydrate antibodies are potential biomarkers for cancer diagnosis. In this study, serum N-glycomes and anti-carbohydrate antibodies from normal populations and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients were investigated. Total serum proteins were lyophilized and subjected to chemical reduction, alkylation and trypsin digestion. The N-glycans were released, purified, permethylated, and analyzed using MALDI-TOF-Mass spectrometry. In addition, the serum anti-carbohydrate antibody profiles were also investigated by carbohydrate microarray. We found that the relative abundances of seven N-glycans were decreased or increased in serum of OSCC with diagnostic accuracy greater than 75%. The relative abundances of total tri-antennary and tetra-antennary glycans with varying degrees of fucosylation and sialylation were also increased in serum N-glycomes of OSCC. In an independent validation group of forty-eight OCCC patients, most of the high-molecular weight serum N-glycans showed significantly high sensitivity and specificity according to the identified cutoff values. Furthermore, the serum levels of two IgM antibodies were elevated accompanied with the decreased levels of nine IgG antibodies in patient serum. Taken together, these serum N-glycans and antibodies identified in this study should be considered as the candidates of potential biomarkers for OSCC diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Yun Guu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Hsien Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Su-Chieh Chang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Rei-Jing Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | - Peiwen Yu
- OBI Pharma, Inc., Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chuan-Fa Chang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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72
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Skeene K, Walker M, Clarke G, Bergström E, Genever P, Ungar D, Thomas-Oates J. One Filter, One Sample, and the N- and O-Glyco(proteo)me: Toward a System to Study Disorders of Protein Glycosylation. Anal Chem 2017; 89:5840-5849. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b00143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Graham Clarke
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, Reeds Lane, Moreton, Wirral, CH46 1QW, United Kingdom
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73
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Dosekova E, Filip J, Bertok T, Both P, Kasak P, Tkac J. Nanotechnology in Glycomics: Applications in Diagnostics, Therapy, Imaging, and Separation Processes. Med Res Rev 2017; 37:514-626. [PMID: 27859448 PMCID: PMC5659385 DOI: 10.1002/med.21420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This review comprehensively covers the most recent achievements (from 2013) in the successful integration of nanomaterials in the field of glycomics. The first part of the paper addresses the beneficial properties of nanomaterials for the construction of biosensors, bioanalytical devices, and protocols for the detection of various analytes, including viruses and whole cells, together with their key characteristics. The second part of the review focuses on the application of nanomaterials integrated with glycans for various biomedical applications, that is, vaccines against viral and bacterial infections and cancer cells, as therapeutic agents, for in vivo imaging and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, and for selective drug delivery. The final part of the review describes various ways in which glycan enrichment can be effectively done using nanomaterials, molecularly imprinted polymers with polymer thickness controlled at the nanoscale, with a subsequent analysis of glycans by mass spectrometry. A short section describing an active glycoprofiling by microengines (microrockets) is covered as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Dosekova
- Department of Glycobiotechnology, Institute of ChemistrySlovak Academy of SciencesDubravska cesta 9845 38BratislavaSlovakia
| | - Jaroslav Filip
- Center for Advanced MaterialsQatar UniversityP.O. Box 2713DohaQatar
| | - Tomas Bertok
- Department of Glycobiotechnology, Institute of ChemistrySlovak Academy of SciencesDubravska cesta 9845 38BratislavaSlovakia
| | - Peter Both
- School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of BiotechnologyThe University of Manchester131 Princess StreetManchesterM1 7DNUK
| | - Peter Kasak
- Center for Advanced MaterialsQatar UniversityP.O. Box 2713DohaQatar
| | - Jan Tkac
- Department of Glycobiotechnology, Institute of ChemistrySlovak Academy of SciencesDubravska cesta 9845 38BratislavaSlovakia
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74
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Pochechueva T, Alam S, Schötzau A, Chinarev A, Bovin NV, Hacker NF, Jacob F, Heinzelmann-Schwarz V. Naturally occurring anti-glycan antibodies binding to Globo H-expressing cells identify ovarian cancer patients. J Ovarian Res 2017; 10:8. [PMID: 28187738 PMCID: PMC5303257 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-017-0305-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glycosphingolipids are important compounds of the plasma membrane of mammalian cells and a number of them have been associated with malignant transformation and progression, reinforcing tumour aggressiveness and metastasis. Here we investigated the levels of naturally occurring anti-glycan antibodies to Globo H in blood plasma obtained from high-grade serous ovarian cancer patients (SOC) and women without gynaecological malignancies (control) using suspension glycan array technology employing chemically synthesized glycans as antibody targets. Results We found that anti-human Globo H IgG antibodies were able to significantly discriminate SOC from controls (P < 0.05). A combination with the clinically used tumour marker CA125 increased the diagnostic performance (AUC 0.8711). We next compared suspension array with standard flow cytometry in plasma samples and found that the level of anti-Globo H antibodies highly correlated (r = 0.992). The incubation of plasma-derived anti-glycan antibodies with chemically synthesized (presented on fluorescence microspheres) and native Globo H (expressed on Globo H-positive cell lines) revealed strong reactivity of naturally occurring human anti-Globo H antibodies towards its antigen expressed on ovarian cancer cells. Conclusions Our data demonstrate that human plasma-derived antibodies to Globo H as well as the presence of the antigen might be considered as therapeutic option in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Pochechueva
- Ovarian Cancer Research, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Shahidul Alam
- Ovarian Cancer Research, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Glyco-Oncology, Ovarian Cancer Research, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Schötzau
- Ovarian Cancer Research, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Chinarev
- Shemyakin- Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Nicolai V Bovin
- Shemyakin- Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Neville F Hacker
- Royal Hospital for Women, Gynecological Cancer Centre, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Francis Jacob
- Ovarian Cancer Research, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. .,Glyco-Oncology, Ovarian Cancer Research, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Viola Heinzelmann-Schwarz
- Ovarian Cancer Research, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. .,Hospital for Women, Department of Gynecology and Gynaecological Oncology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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75
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Wu TN, Lin KH, Wu YT, Huang JR, Hung JT, Wu JC, Chen CY, Chu KC, Lin NH, Yu AL, Wong CH. Phenyl Glycolipids with Different Glycosyl Groups Exhibit Marked Differences in Murine and Human iNKT Cell Activation. ACS Chem Biol 2016; 11:3431-3441. [PMID: 27782396 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.6b00650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) bearing the α-galactosyl headgroup and the acyl chain terminated with a phenyl derivative were found to be more potent than α-galactosyl ceramide (αGalCer) to stimulate both murine and human invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells and to induce an antibody isotope switch to IgG. In this study, we replaced the galactosyl group with glucose (αGlc) and its fluoro-analogs and found that phenyl GSLs with αGlc (C34-Glc) and its fluoro-analog 6F-C34-Glc were stronger than those with αGal in stimulating human iNKT cells but weaker in mice. Their activities have a strong correlation with the binding avidities of the ternary interaction between the iNKT-cell receptor (iNKTCR) and CD1d-GSL complex. It was the iNKTCR rather than CD1d that dictated the species-specific responses. C34-Glc was further used as an adjuvant for a SSEA4-crm-197 vaccine, and after immunization in mice, the vaccine was highly effective against Lewis lung carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Na Wu
- Genomics
Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute
of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Hsien Lin
- Genomics
Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ta Wu
- Genomics
Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Rong Huang
- Institute
of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Tung Hung
- Institute
of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Chine Wu
- Institute
of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | - Alice L. Yu
- Genomics
Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute
of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Huey Wong
- Genomics
Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute
of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department
of Chemistry, the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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76
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Synthesis and evaluation of sulfobetaine zwitterionic polymer bonded stationary phase. Talanta 2016; 161:860-866. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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77
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Viter R, Jekabsons K, Kalnina Z, Poletaev N, Hsu SH, Riekstina U. Bioanalytical system for detection of cancer cells with photoluminescent ZnO nanorods. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 27:465101. [PMID: 27731308 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/46/465101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Using photoluminescent ZnO nanorods and carbohydrate marker SSEA-4, a novel cancer cell recognition system was developed. Immobilization of SSEA-4 antibodies (αSSEA-4) on ZnO nanorods was performed in buffer solution (pH = 7.1) over 2 h. The cancer cell line probes were fixed on the glass slide. One hundred microliters of ZnO-αSSEA-4 conjugates were deposited on the cell probe and exposed for 30 min. After washing photoluminescence spectra were recorded. Based on the developed methodology, ZnO-αSSEA-4 probes were tested on patient-derived breast and colorectal carcinoma cells. Our data clearly show that the carbohydrate SSEA-4 molecule is expressed on cancer cell lines and patient-derived cancer cells. Moreover, SSEA-4 targeted ZnO nanorods bind to the patient-derived cancer cells with high selectivity and the photoluminescence signal increased tremendously compared to the signal from the control samples. Furthermore, the photoluminescence intensity increase correlated with the extent of malignancy in the target cell population. A novel portable bioanalytical system, based on optical ZnO nanorods and fiber optic detection system was developed. We propose that carbohydrate SSEA-4 specific ZnO nanorods could be used for the development of cancer diagnostic biosensors and for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Viter
- Institute of Atomic Physics and Spectroscopy, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
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78
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Yin XG, Gao XF, Du JJ, Zhang XK, Chen XZ, Wang J, Xin LM, Lei Z, Liu Z, Guo J. Preparation of Protein Conjugates via Homobifunctional Diselenoester Cross-Linker. Org Lett 2016; 18:5796-5799. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b02568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Guang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Fei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
| | - Jing-Jing Du
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Kang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Zhao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
| | - Ling-Ming Xin
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
| | - Ze Lei
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
| | - Jun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
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79
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Yu AL, Hung JT, Ho MY, Yu J. Alterations of Glycosphingolipids in Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation and Development of Glycan-Targeting Cancer Immunotherapy. Stem Cells Dev 2016; 25:1532-1548. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2016.0138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alice L. Yu
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Tung Hung
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yi Ho
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - John Yu
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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80
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Yamazaki Y, Watabe N, Obata H, Hara E, Ohmae M, Kimura S. Immune activation with peptide assemblies carrying Lewis y tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen. J Pept Sci 2016; 23:189-197. [DOI: 10.1002/psc.2926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Yamazaki
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University; Kyoto Daigaku-Katsura, Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Naoki Watabe
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University; Kyoto Daigaku-Katsura, Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Hiroaki Obata
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University; Kyoto Daigaku-Katsura, Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Eri Hara
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Institute for Advancement of Clinical and Translational Science; Kyoto University Hospital; 53 Shogoin kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8507 Japan
| | - Masashi Ohmae
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University; Kyoto Daigaku-Katsura, Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Shunsaku Kimura
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University; Kyoto Daigaku-Katsura, Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
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81
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Bailey JK, Nguyen DN, Horiya S, Krauss IJ. Synthesis of multivalent glycopeptide conjugates that mimic an HIV epitope. Tetrahedron 2016; 72:6091-6098. [PMID: 28190897 PMCID: PMC5300091 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.07.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Recently, we reported a directed evolution method which enabled us to discover sequences of glycopeptides that bind with picomolar affinity to HIV antibody 2G12 and are of interest as HIV vaccine candidates. In this manuscript, we describe the syntheses of several of these large (~11-12 kDa) glycopeptides by a combination of fast flow peptide synthesis and click chemistry. We also discuss the optimization of their attachment to carrier protein CRM197, affording antigenic and immunogenic conjugates ready for animal vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Satoru Horiya
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South St. MS 015, Waltham, MA 02454-9110, USA
| | - Isaac J. Krauss
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South St. MS 015, Waltham, MA 02454-9110, USA
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82
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Exploring human glycosylation for better therapies. Mol Aspects Med 2016; 51:125-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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83
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Geissner A, Seeberger PH. Glycan Arrays: From Basic Biochemical Research to Bioanalytical and Biomedical Applications. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2016; 9:223-47. [PMID: 27306309 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-071015-041641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A major branch of glycobiology and glycan-focused biomedicine studies the interaction between carbohydrates and other biopolymers, most importantly, glycan-binding proteins. Today, this research into glycan-biopolymer interaction is unthinkable without glycan arrays, tools that enable high-throughput analysis of carbohydrate interaction partners. Glycan arrays offer many applications in basic biochemical research, for example, defining the specificity of glycosyltransferases and lectins such as immune receptors. Biomedical applications include the characterization and surveillance of influenza strains, identification of biomarkers for cancer and infection, and profiling of immune responses to vaccines. Here, we review major applications of glycan arrays both in basic and applied research. Given the dynamic nature of this rapidly developing field, we focus on recent findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Geissner
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Peter H Seeberger
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany;
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84
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Krasnova L, Wong CH. Understanding the Chemistry and Biology of Glycosylation with Glycan Synthesis. Annu Rev Biochem 2016; 85:599-630. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-060614-034420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Krasnova
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037;
| | - Chi-Huey Wong
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037;
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, 115
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85
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Glycolipid GD3 and GD3 synthase are key drivers for glioblastoma stem cells and tumorigenicity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:5592-7. [PMID: 27143722 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1604721113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The cancer stem cells (CSCs) of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a grade IV astrocytoma, have been enriched by the expressed marker CD133. However, recent studies have shown that CD133(-) cells also possess tumor-initiating potential. By analysis of gangliosides on various cells, we show that ganglioside D3 (GD3) is overexpressed on eight neurospheres and tumor cells; in combination with CD133, the sorted cells exhibit a higher expression of stemness genes and self-renewal potential; and as few as six cells will form neurospheres and 20-30 cells will grow tumor in mice. Furthermore, GD3 synthase (GD3S) is increased in neurospheres and human GBM tissues, but not in normal brain tissues, and suppression of GD3S results in decreased GBM stem cell (GSC)-associated properties. In addition, a GD3 antibody is shown to induce complement-dependent cytotoxicity against cells expressing GD3 and inhibition of GBM tumor growth in vivo. Our results demonstrate that GD3 and GD3S are highly expressed in GSCs, play a key role in glioblastoma tumorigenicity, and are potential therapeutic targets against GBM.
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86
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Feng D, Shaikh AS, Wang F. Recent Advance in Tumor-associated Carbohydrate Antigens (TACAs)-based Antitumor Vaccines. ACS Chem Biol 2016; 11:850-63. [PMID: 26895482 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.6b00084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells can be distinguished from normal cells by displaying aberrant levels and types of carbohydrate structures on their surfaces. These carbohydrate structures are known as tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs). TACAs were considered as promising targets for the design of anticancer vaccines. Unfortunately, carbohydrates alone can only evoke poor immunogenicity because they are unable to induce T-cell-dependent immune responses, which is critical for cancer therapy. Moreover, immunotolerance and immunosuppression are easily induced by using natural occurring TACAs as antigens due to their endogenous property. This review summarizes the recent strategies to overcome these obstacles: (1) covalently coupling TACAs to proper carriers to improve immunogenicity, including clustered or multivalent conjugate vaccines, (2) coupling TACAs to T-cell peptide epitopes or the built-in adjuvant to form multicomponent glycoconjugate vaccines, and (3) developing vaccines based on chemically modified TACAs, which is combined with metabolic engineering of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyang Feng
- Key
Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Natural Products (Ministry of education),
Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drug, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, Peoples’ Republic of China
- National
Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 50012, Shandong, Peoples’ Republic of ChinaChina
| | - Abdul Sami Shaikh
- Institute
of Clinical Pharmacology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, Peoples’ Republic of China
| | - Fengshan Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Natural Products (Ministry of education),
Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drug, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, Peoples’ Republic of China
- National
Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 50012, Shandong, Peoples’ Republic of ChinaChina
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87
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Sun S, Zheng XJ, Huo CX, Song C, Li Q, Ye XS. Synthesis and Evaluation of Glycoconjugates ComprisingN-Acyl-Modified Thomsen-Friedenreich Antigens as Anticancer Vaccines. ChemMedChem 2016; 11:1090-6. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201600094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Peking University; Xue Yuan Road No. 38 Beijing 100191 China
| | - Xiu-Jing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Peking University; Xue Yuan Road No. 38 Beijing 100191 China
| | - Chang-Xin Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Peking University; Xue Yuan Road No. 38 Beijing 100191 China
| | - Chengcheng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Peking University; Xue Yuan Road No. 38 Beijing 100191 China
| | - Qin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Peking University; Xue Yuan Road No. 38 Beijing 100191 China
| | - Xin-Shan Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Peking University; Xue Yuan Road No. 38 Beijing 100191 China
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88
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Li Y, Hou J, Wang F, Sheng J. High-throughput assays of leloir-glycosyltransferase reactions: The applications of rYND1 in glycotechnology. J Biotechnol 2016; 227:10-18. [PMID: 27059478 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Glycosyltransferases (GTs) play a critical role in the enzymatic and chemoenzymatic synthesis of oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates. However, the development of these synthetic approaches has been limited by a lack of sensitive screening methods for the isolation of novel natural GTs or their active variants. Herein, we describe the results of our investigation towards the soluble expression and potential application of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae apyrase YND1. By replacing the hydrophobic transmembrane domain of YND1 with three glycine-serine repeats, this protein was successfully expressed in a soluble form in Escherichia coli. This new protein was then used to develop a two-step nucleoside diphosphate (NDP)-based Leloir-GT high-throughput assay. Purified rYND1 was initially added to a GT reaction to hydrolyze NDP to nucleoside phosphate plus inorganic phosphate, which was determined using a phosphorus molybdenum blue chromogenic reaction. Purified rYND1 was shown to have a positive effect on saccharide synthesis by eliminating the potential by-product inhibition from NDP. Most of the mono-sugar donors used for Leloir-GTs are activated by uridine diphosphate and guanosine diphosphate, which can be catalyzed by rYND1. The rYND1 is amenable to screening methods and could be applied to a wide range of Leloir-GT-catalyzed reactions, therefore representing a remarkable step forward in glycotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Natural Products (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drug, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Jin Hou
- The State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Fengshan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Natural Products (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drug, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China; National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
| | - Juzheng Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Natural Products (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drug, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China; National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
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89
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90
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Song C, Sun S, Huo CX, Li Q, Zheng XJ, Tai G, Zhou Y, Ye XS. Synthesis and immunological evaluation of N-acyl modified Tn analogues as anticancer vaccine candidates. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:915-20. [PMID: 26787275 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs), which are aberrantly expressed on the surface of tumor cells, are important targets for anticancer vaccine development. Herein, several N-acyl modified Tn analogues were synthesized and conjugated with carrier protein CRM197. The immunological results of these glycoconjugates indicated that 6-CRM197 elicited higher titers of antibodies which cross-reacted with native Tn antigen than the unmodified 2-CRM197 did. The IFN-γ-producing frequency of lymphocytes in mice treated with 6-CRM197 was obviously increased, compared to that of mice vaccinated with 2-CRM197 (p=0.016), which was typically associated with the Th1 response. Moreover, the elicited antisera against antigen 6-CRM197 reacted strongly with the Tn-positive tumor cells, implying the potential of this glycoconjugate as an anticancer vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Song
- School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Shuang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Chang-Xin Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Qin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Xiu-Jing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Guihua Tai
- School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, PR China
| | - Yifa Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, PR China.
| | - Xin-Shan Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing 100191, PR China.
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91
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Daniotti JL, Lardone RD, Vilcaes AA. Dysregulated Expression of Glycolipids in Tumor Cells: From Negative Modulator of Anti-tumor Immunity to Promising Targets for Developing Therapeutic Agents. Front Oncol 2016; 5:300. [PMID: 26779443 PMCID: PMC4703717 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2015.00300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycolipids are complex molecules consisting of a ceramide lipid moiety linked to a glycan chain of variable length and structure. Among these are found the gangliosides, which are sialylated glycolipids ubiquitously distributed on the outer layer of vertebrate plasma membranes. Changes in the expression of certain species of gangliosides have been described to occur during cell proliferation, differentiation, and ontogenesis. However, the aberrant and elevated expression of gangliosides has been also observed in different types of cancer cells, thereby promoting tumor survival. Moreover, gangliosides are actively released from the membrane of tumor cells, having a strong impact on impairing anti-tumor immunity. Beyond the undesirable effects of gangliosides in cancer cells, a substantial number of cancer immunotherapies have been developed in recent years that have used gangliosides as the main target. This has resulted in successful immune cell- or antibody-responses against glycolipids, with promising results having been obtained in clinical trials. In this review, we provide a general overview on the metabolism of glycolipids, both in normal and tumor cells, as well as examining glycolipid-mediated immune modulation and the main successes achieved in immunotherapies using gangliosides as molecular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Luis Daniotti
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC, UNC-CONICET), Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba , Córdoba , Argentina
| | - Ricardo D Lardone
- Dirks/Dougherty Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Translational Immunology, John Wayne Cancer Institute at Providence Saint John's Health Center , Santa Monica, CA , USA
| | - Aldo A Vilcaes
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC, UNC-CONICET), Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba , Córdoba , Argentina
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92
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Stage-specific embryonic antigen-3 (SSEA-3) and β3GalT5 are cancer specific and significant markers for breast cancer stem cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 113:960-5. [PMID: 26677875 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1522602113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery of cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are responsible for self-renewal and tumor growth in heterogeneous cancer tissues, has stimulated interests in developing new cancer therapies and early diagnosis. However, the markers currently used for isolation of CSCs are often not selective enough to enrich CSCs for the study of this special cell population. Here we show that the breast CSCs isolated with CD44(+)CD24(-/lo)SSEA-3(+) or ESA(hi)PROCR(hi)SSEA-3(+) markers had higher tumorigenicity than those with conventional markers in vitro and in vivo. As few as 10 cells with CD44(+)CD24(-/lo)SSEA-3(+) formed tumor in mice, compared with more than 100 cells with CD44(+)CD24(-/lo). Suppression of SSEA-3 expression by knockdown of the gene encoding β-1,3-galactosyltransferase 5 (β3GalT5) in the globo-series pathway, led to apoptosis in cancer cells specifically but had no effect on normal cells. This finding is further supported by the analysis of SSEA-3 and the two related globo-series epitopes SSEA4 and globo-H in stem cells (embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells) and various normal and cancer cells, and by the antibody approach to target the globo-series glycans and the late-stage clinical trials of a breast cancer vaccine.
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93
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Compton BJ, Tang CW, Johnston KA, Osmond TL, Hayman CM, Larsen DS, Hermans IF, Painter GF. Synthesis and Activity of 6″-Deoxy-6″-thio-α-GalCer and Peptide Conjugates. Org Lett 2015; 17:5954-7. [PMID: 26606283 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b02836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A major challenge in the development of highly defined synthetic vaccines is the codelivery of vaccine components (i.e., antigen and adjuvant) to secondary lymphoid tissue to induce optimal immune responses. This problem can be addressed by synthesizing vaccines that comprise peptide antigens covalently attached to glycolipid adjuvants through biologically cleavable linkers. Toward this, a strategy utilizing previously unreported 6″-deoxy-6″-thio analogues of α-GalCer that can undergo chemoselective conjugation with peptide antigens is described. Administration of these conjugate vaccines leads to enhanced priming of antigen specific T cells. This simple vaccine design is broadly applicable to multiple disease indications such as cancer and infectious disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Compton
- The Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington , P.O. Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
| | - Ching-wen Tang
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research , P.O. Box 7060, Wellington 6242, New Zealand
| | - Karen A Johnston
- The Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington , P.O. Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
| | - Taryn L Osmond
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research , P.O. Box 7060, Wellington 6242, New Zealand
| | - Colin M Hayman
- The Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington , P.O. Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
| | - David S Larsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago , P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Ian F Hermans
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research , P.O. Box 7060, Wellington 6242, New Zealand.,School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington , P.O. Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery , 3 Symonds Street, Auckland Central 1142, New Zealand
| | - Gavin F Painter
- The Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington , P.O. Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery , 3 Symonds Street, Auckland Central 1142, New Zealand
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94
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Hu J, Qiu L, Wang X, Zou X, Lu M, Yin J. Carbohydrate-based vaccine adjuvants - discovery and development. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2015; 10:1133-44. [PMID: 26372693 DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2015.1067198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The addition of a suitable adjuvant to a vaccine can generate significant effective adaptive immune responses. There is an urgent need for the development of novel po7tent and safe adjuvants for human vaccines. Carbohydrate molecules are promising adjuvants for human vaccines due to their high biocompatibility and good tolerability in vivo. AREAS COVERED The present review covers a few promising carbohydrate-based adjuvants, lipopolysaccharide, trehalose-6,6'-dibehenate, QS-21 and inulin as examples, which have been extensively studied in human vaccines in a number of preclinical and clinical studies. The authors discuss the current status, applications and strategies of development of each adjuvant and different adjuvant formulation systems. This information gives insight regarding the exciting prospect in the field of carbohydrate-based adjuvant research. EXPERT OPINION Carbohydrate-based adjuvants are promising candidates as an alternative to the Alum salts for human vaccines development. Furthermore, combining two or more adjuvants in one formulation is one of the effective strategies in adjuvant development. However, further research efforts are needed to study and develop novel adjuvants systems, which can be more stable, potent and safe. The development of synthetic carbohydrate chemistry can improve the study of carbohydrate-based adjuvants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hu
- a 1 Jiangnan University, Wuxi Medical School , Lihu Avenue 1800, 214122, Wuxi, China
| | - Liying Qiu
- a 1 Jiangnan University, Wuxi Medical School , Lihu Avenue 1800, 214122, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- b 2 Jiangnan University, The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology , Lihu Avenue 1800, 214122, Wuxi, China +86 51 085 328 229 ; +86 51 085 328 229 ;
| | - Xiaopeng Zou
- b 2 Jiangnan University, The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology , Lihu Avenue 1800, 214122, Wuxi, China +86 51 085 328 229 ; +86 51 085 328 229 ;
| | - Mengji Lu
- c 3 University Hospital Essen, Institute of Virology , Hufelandstr, 55, 45122 Essen, Germany +49 2 017 233 530 ; +49 2 017 235 929 ;
| | - Jian Yin
- b 2 Jiangnan University, The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology , Lihu Avenue 1800, 214122, Wuxi, China +86 51 085 328 229 ; +86 51 085 328 229 ;
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95
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Lin TW, Chang HT, Chen CH, Chen CH, Lin SW, Hsu TL, Wong CH. Galectin-3 Binding Protein and Galectin-1 Interaction in Breast Cancer Cell Aggregation and Metastasis. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:9685-93. [PMID: 26168351 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b04744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Galectin-3 binding protein (Gal-3BP) is a large hyperglycosylated protein that acts as a ligand for several galectins through glycan-dependent interactions. Gal-3BP can induce galectin-mediated tumor cell aggregation to increase the survival of cancer cells in the bloodstream during the metastatic process. However, the galectin interacting with Gal-3BP and its binding specificity has not been identified and structurally elucidated, mainly due to the limitation of mass spectrometry in glycan sequencing. To understand the role of Gal-3BP, we here used liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry combined with specific exoglycosidase reactions to determine the sequences of N-glycans on Gal-3BP from MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, especially the sequences with terminal sialylation and fucosylation, and addition of LacNAc repeat structures. The N-glycans from both strains are complex type with terminal α2,3-sialidic acid and core fucose linkages, with additional α1,2- and α1,3 fucose linkages found in MCF-7 cells. Compared with that from MCF-7, the Gal-3BP from MDA-MB-231 cells had fewer tetra-antennary structures, only α1,6-linked core fucoses, and more LacNAc repeat structures; the MDA-MB-231 cells had no surface galectin-3 but used surface galectin-1 for interaction with Gal-3BP to form large oligomers and cell aggregates. This study elucidates the specificity of Gal-3BP interacting with galectin-1 and the role of Gal-3BP in cancer cell aggregation and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hui-Tzu Chang
- §Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
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96
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Liu YF, Sun ZY, Chen PG, Huang ZH, Gao Y, Shi L, Zhao YF, Chen YX, Li YM. Glycopeptide Nanoconjugates Based on Multilayer Self-Assembly as an Antitumor Vaccine. Bioconjug Chem 2015; 26:1439-42. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5b00150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Fang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education),Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Zhan-Yi Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education),Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Pu-Guang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education),Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Hua Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education),Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yue Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education),Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education),Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Fen Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education),Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Xiang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education),Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Mei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education),Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
- National
Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, P. R. China
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97
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Fernández-Tejada A, Cañada FJ, Jiménez-Barbero J. Recent Developments in Synthetic Carbohydrate-Based Diagnostics, Vaccines, and Therapeutics. Chemistry 2015; 21:10616-28. [PMID: 26095198 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Glycans are everywhere in biological systems, being involved in many cellular events with important implications for medical purposes. Building upon a detailed understanding of the functional roles of carbohydrates in molecular recognition processes and disease states, glycans are increasingly being considered as key players in pharmacological research. On the basis of the important progress recently made in glycochemistry, glycobiology, and glycomedicine, we provide a complete overview of successful applications and future perspectives of carbohydrates in the biopharmaceutical and medical fields. This review highlights the development of carbohydrate-based diagnostics, exemplified by glycan imaging techniques and microarray platforms, synthetic oligosaccharide vaccines against infectious diseases (e.g., HIV) and cancer, and finally carbohydrate-derived therapeutics, including glycomimetic drugs and glycoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - F Javier Cañada
- Chemical and Physical Biology, CIB-CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid (Spain)
| | - Jesús Jiménez-Barbero
- Infectious Disease Programme, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences, CIC-bioGUNE, Bizkaia Technology Park, 48160 Derio (Spain). .,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, María López de Haro 13, 48009 Bilbao (Spain).
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98
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Koniev O, Wagner A. Developments and recent advancements in the field of endogenous amino acid selective bond forming reactions for bioconjugation. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:5495-551. [PMID: 26000775 DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00048c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 391] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bioconjugation methodologies have proven to play a central enabling role in the recent development of biotherapeutics and chemical biology approaches. Recent endeavours in these fields shed light on unprecedented chemical challenges to attain bioselectivity, biocompatibility, and biostability required by modern applications. In this review the current developments in various techniques of selective bond forming reactions of proteins and peptides were highlighted. The utility of each endogenous amino acid-selective conjugation methodology in the fields of biology and protein science has been surveyed with emphasis on the most relevant among reported transformations; selectivity and practical use have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr Koniev
- Laboratory of Functional Chemo-Systems (UMR 7199), Labex Medalis, University of Strasbourg, 74 Route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France.
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Yin Z, Huang X. Boosting Humoral Immune Responses to Tumor-associated Carbohydrate Antigens with Virus-like Particles. CARBOHYDRATES IN DRUG DESIGN AND DISCOVERY 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/9781849739993-00132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The development of carbohydrate-based anticancer vaccines is an attractive approach towards the prevention and treatment of cancer. The weak immunogenicity of carbohydrate antigens and tolerance by the immune system are major obstacles towards the design of effective cancer vaccines. Recently, virus-like particles have been shown to be a promising platform to overcome the aforementioned difficulties. In this chapter, we provide an overview on the structural and immunological features of virus-like particles in eliciting anti-carbohydrate antibody responses. The immuno-potentiating activities of several virus-like particle systems are compared, and insights into critical factors of virus-like particles that help shape the anti-carbohydrate responses are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojun Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Building, 578 S. Shaw Lane, Michigan State University East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - Xuefei Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Building, 578 S. Shaw Lane, Michigan State University East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
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100
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Danishefsky SJ, Shue YK, Chang MN, Wong CH. Development of Globo-H cancer vaccine. Acc Chem Res 2015; 48:643-52. [PMID: 25665650 DOI: 10.1021/ar5004187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The development of anticancer vaccines requires the identification of unique epitope markers, preferably expressed exclusively on the surface of cancer cells. This Account describes the path of development of a carbohydrate-based vaccine for metastatic breast cancer, including the selection and synthesis of Globo-H as the target, the development of the vaccine conjugate and adjuvant design, the study of the immune response and consideration of class switch, and the analysis of Globo-H distribution on the surface of various cancer cells, cancer stem cells, and normal cells. The first synthesis of Globo-H was accomplished through the use of glycal chemistry; this approach delivered sufficient material for evaluation in phase I human trials. The development of a programmable one-pot synthesis method rendered the synthesis more practical and enabled the midstage proof-of-concept phase II trial and late-stage phase III trial. Finally, enzymatic synthesis of Globo-H coupled with cofactor regeneration was used for the late-stage multicenter trials and manufacture of the product. Along this path of development, it was discovered that the vaccine induced antibodies to target not only Globo-H, but also SSEA3 and SSEA4. Moreover, these three glycolipids were found to be uniquely expressed not only on the cell surface of breast cancer but on 15 additional cancer types, suggesting the broad application of this vaccine in cancer treatment and perhaps cancer prevention. In addition, a new glycolipid adjuvant was designed to target the CD1d receptor on dendritic cells and B cells for presentation to and activation of T cells to modulate the immune response and induce a class switch from IgM to IgG, thereby overcoming the common problem of carbohydrate-based vaccines that often induce mainly IgM antibodies. As demonstrated in this vaccine development, the chemical approach to the synthesis and conjugation of carbohydrate-based immunogens provides the flexibility for access to various structures and linkers to identify optimal compositions for development. The enzymatic method was then introduced to enable the practical synthesis of the vaccine candidate for clinical development and commercialization. Overall, this Account illustrates the path of development of a cancer vaccine, from selection of a unique glycan marker on breast cancer cells and the cancer stem cells as target to the use of chemistry in combination with immunology and cancer biology to enable the design and development of the Globo-H vaccine to target three specific glycan markers exclusively expressed on the cell surface of a number of different types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J. Danishefsky
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Sloan Kettering Institute, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Youe-Kong Shue
- OBI Pharma, Inc., 19th F, 3 Yuan Qu Street, Taipei 11503, Taiwan
| | - Michael N. Chang
- OBI Pharma, Inc., 19th F, 3 Yuan Qu Street, Taipei 11503, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Huey Wong
- The Genomics Research
Center, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Sec. 2, Taipei, Taiwan
- The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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