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Abstract
Proteolysis has emerged as a key post-translational regulator of the function of molecules on the cell surface and in the extracellular milieu. In principle, proteolysis can activate or inactivate a substrate, or can change its functional properties. ADAMs (a disintegrin and metalloprotease) and ADAMTS (a disintegrin-like and metalloprotease domain with thrombospondin type 1 repeats) proteases are related members of a superfamily of metallo-endopeptidases that also includes MMPs and astacins. ADAMs are integral membrane proteins that typically cleave other membrane anchored proteins, whereas ADAMTS proteases lack a membrane anchor, and process both cell-surface and secreted molecules, the latter mostly extracellular matrix (ECM) components. ADAMs are implicated in fertilization, neurogenesis, in regulating the function of ligands for the EGF-receptor, and in the release of proteins such as the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNFα from the plasma membrane. ADAMTS proteases have key roles in embryonic development, including lung development, the molecular maturation of von Willebrand factor and procollagen as well as organization of fibrillin microfibrils in ECM, and are implicated in the pathogenesis of diverse lung and airway disorders. Here, we provide a general overview of the biochemical properties and physiological functions of ADAMs and ADAMTS proteases and describe their relevance to lung and airway disorders.
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52
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Badenes M, Amin A, González-García I, Félix I, Burbridge E, Cavadas M, Ortega FJ, de Carvalho É, Faísca P, Carobbio S, Seixas E, Pedroso D, Neves-Costa A, Moita LF, Fernández-Real JM, Vidal-Puig A, Domingos A, López M, Adrain C. Deletion of iRhom2 protects against diet-induced obesity by increasing thermogenesis. Mol Metab 2019; 31:67-84. [PMID: 31918923 PMCID: PMC6909339 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2019.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Obesity is the result of positive energy balance. It can be caused by excessive energy consumption but also by decreased energy dissipation, which occurs under several conditions including when the development or activation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) is impaired. Here we evaluated whether iRhom2, the essential cofactor for the Tumour Necrosis Factor (TNF) sheddase ADAM17/TACE, plays a role in the pathophysiology of metabolic syndrome. Methods We challenged WT versus iRhom2 KO mice to positive energy balance by chronic exposure to a high fat diet and then compared their metabolic phenotypes. We also carried out ex vivo assays with primary and immortalized mouse brown adipocytes to establish the autonomy of the effect of loss of iRhom2 on thermogenesis and respiration. Results Deletion of iRhom2 protected mice from weight gain, dyslipidemia, adipose tissue inflammation, and hepatic steatosis and improved insulin sensitivity when challenged by a high fat diet. Crucially, the loss of iRhom2 promotes thermogenesis via BAT activation and beige adipocyte recruitment, enabling iRhom2 KO mice to dissipate excess energy more efficiently than WT animals. This effect on enhanced thermogenesis is cell-autonomous in brown adipocytes as iRhom2 KOs exhibit elevated UCP1 levels and increased mitochondrial proton leak. Conclusion Our data suggest that iRhom2 is a negative regulator of thermogenesis and plays a role in the control of adipose tissue homeostasis during metabolic disease. Deletion of iRhom2 protects mice from metabolic syndrome. In obesity, iRhom2 deletion increases energy expenditure, thermogenesis and white adipose tissue beiging. iRhom2 deletion enhances thermogenesis in naïve brown adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abdulbasit Amin
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência (IGC), Oeiras, Portugal; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Ismael González-García
- NeurObesity Group, Department of Physiology, CiMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain
| | - Inês Félix
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência (IGC), Oeiras, Portugal; Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, FI-20520, Finland; Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | | | | | | | | | - Pedro Faísca
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência (IGC), Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Stefania Carobbio
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Elsa Seixas
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência (IGC), Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Dora Pedroso
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência (IGC), Oeiras, Portugal
| | | | - Luís F Moita
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência (IGC), Oeiras, Portugal; Instituto de Histologia e Biologia do Desenvolvimento, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - António Vidal-Puig
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Ana Domingos
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência (IGC), Oeiras, Portugal; Obesity Lab, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Miguel López
- NeurObesity Group, Department of Physiology, CiMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain
| | - Colin Adrain
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência (IGC), Oeiras, Portugal; Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, UK.
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Abstract
iRhom2 is an essential cofactor for ADAM17, the metalloprotease that sheds both the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and TNF receptors (TNFRs) from the cell surface. In this issue of Science Signaling, Sundaram et al. demonstrate a protective role for iRhom2 in promoting ADAM17-mediated shedding of TNFRs in hepatic stellate cells, which reduces TNFR signaling and liver fibrosis in response to injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Badenes
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência (IGC), Oeiras, Portugal.
| | - Colin Adrain
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência (IGC), Oeiras, Portugal. .,Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University, Belfast, UK
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Sundaram B, Behnke K, Belancic A, Al-Salihi MA, Thabet Y, Polz R, Pellegrino R, Zhuang Y, Shinde PV, Xu HC, Vasilevska J, Longerich T, Herebian D, Mayatepek E, Bock HH, May P, Kordes C, Aghaeepour N, Mak TW, Keitel V, Häussinger D, Scheller J, Pandyra AA, Lang KS, Lang PA. iRhom2 inhibits bile duct obstruction-induced liver fibrosis. Sci Signal 2019; 12:12/605/eaax1194. [PMID: 31662486 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aax1194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Chronic liver disease can induce prolonged activation of hepatic stellate cells, which may result in liver fibrosis. Inactive rhomboid protein 2 (iRhom2) is required for the maturation of A disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 (ADAM17, also called TACE), which is responsible for the cleavage of membrane-bound tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and its receptors (TNFRs). Here, using the murine bile duct ligation (BDL) model, we showed that the abundance of iRhom2 and activation of ADAM17 increased during liver fibrosis. Consistent with this, concentrations of ADAM17 substrates were increased in plasma samples from mice after BDL and in patients suffering from liver cirrhosis. We observed increased liver fibrosis, accelerated disease progression, and an increase in activated stellate cells after BDL in mice lacking iRhom2 (Rhbdf2-/- ) compared to that in controls. In vitro primary mouse hepatic stellate cells exhibited iRhom2-dependent shedding of the ADAM17 substrates TNFR1 and TNFR2. In vivo TNFR shedding after BDL also depended on iRhom2. Treatment of Rhbdf2-/- mice with the TNF-α inhibitor etanercept reduced the presence of activated stellate cells and alleviated liver fibrosis after BDL. Together, these data suggest that iRhom2-mediated inhibition of TNFR signaling protects against liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balamurugan Sundaram
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kristina Behnke
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andrea Belancic
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Mazin A Al-Salihi
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Yasser Thabet
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Robin Polz
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rossella Pellegrino
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 224, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yuan Zhuang
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Prashant V Shinde
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Haifeng C Xu
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jelena Vasilevska
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Longerich
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 224, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Diran Herebian
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ertan Mayatepek
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hans H Bock
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Petra May
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Claus Kordes
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.,Institute for Experimental Regenerative Hepatology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nima Aghaeepour
- Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Grant S280, Stanford, CA 94305-5117, USA
| | - Tak W Mak
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 1 King's Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.,Department of Pathology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Verena Keitel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dieter Häussinger
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.,Institute for Experimental Regenerative Hepatology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jürgen Scheller
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Aleksandra A Pandyra
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.,Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl S Lang
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen 45147, Germany
| | - Philipp A Lang
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Regulation of Fibrotic Processes in the Liver by ADAM Proteases. Cells 2019; 8:cells8101226. [PMID: 31601007 PMCID: PMC6830092 DOI: 10.3390/cells8101226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis in the liver is mainly associated with the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Both activation and clearance of HSCs can be mediated by ligand–receptor interactions. Members of the a disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM) family are involved in the proteolytic release of membrane-bound ligands and receptor ectodomains and the remodelling of the extracellular matrix. ADAM proteases are therefore major regulators of intercellular signalling pathways. In the present review we discuss how ADAM proteases modulate pro- and anti-fibrotic processes and how ADAM proteases might be harnessed therapeutically in the future.
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56
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Geesala R, Issuree PD, Maretzky T. Novel functions of inactive rhomboid proteins in immunity and disease. J Leukoc Biol 2019; 106:823-835. [PMID: 31369701 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3vmr0219-069r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
iRhoms are related to a family of intramembrane serine proteinases called rhomboids but lack proteolytic activity. In mammals, there are two iRhoms, iRhom1 and iRhom2, which have similar domain structures and overlapping specificities as well as distinctive functions. These catalytically inactive rhomboids are essential regulators for the maturation and trafficking of the disintegrin metalloprotease ADAM17 from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cell surface, and are required for the cleavage and release of a variety of membrane-associated proteins, including the IL-6 receptor, l-selectin, TNF, and EGFR ligands. iRhom2-dependent regulation of ADAM17 function has been recently implicated in the development and progression of several autoimmune diseases including rheumatoid arthritis, lupus nephritis, as well as hemophilic arthropathy. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of iRhom biology, their implications in autoimmune pathologies, and their potential as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramasatyaveni Geesala
- Inflammation Program, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Priya D Issuree
- Inflammation Program, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Thorsten Maretzky
- Inflammation Program, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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57
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Hsia HE, Tüshaus J, Brummer T, Zheng Y, Scilabra SD, Lichtenthaler SF. Functions of 'A disintegrin and metalloproteases (ADAMs)' in the mammalian nervous system. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:3055-3081. [PMID: 31236626 PMCID: PMC11105368 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03173-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
'A disintegrin and metalloproteases' (ADAMs) are a family of transmembrane proteins with diverse functions in multicellular organisms. About half of the ADAMs are active metalloproteases and cleave numerous cell surface proteins, including growth factors, receptors, cytokines and cell adhesion proteins. The other ADAMs have no catalytic activity and function as adhesion proteins or receptors. Some ADAMs are ubiquitously expressed, others are expressed tissue specifically. This review highlights functions of ADAMs in the mammalian nervous system, including their links to diseases. The non-proteolytic ADAM11, ADAM22 and ADAM23 have key functions in neural development, myelination and synaptic transmission and are linked to epilepsy. Among the proteolytic ADAMs, ADAM10 is the best characterized one due to its substrates Notch and amyloid precursor protein, where cleavage is required for nervous system development or linked to Alzheimer's disease (AD), respectively. Recent work demonstrates that ADAM10 has additional substrates and functions in the nervous system and its substrate selectivity may be regulated by tetraspanins. New roles for other proteolytic ADAMs in the nervous system are also emerging. For example, ADAM8 and ADAM17 are involved in neuroinflammation. ADAM17 additionally regulates neurite outgrowth and myelination and its activity is controlled by iRhoms. ADAM19 and ADAM21 function in regenerative processes upon neuronal injury. Several ADAMs, including ADAM9, ADAM10, ADAM15 and ADAM30, are potential drug targets for AD. Taken together, this review summarizes recent progress concerning substrates and functions of ADAMs in the nervous system and their use as drug targets for neurological and psychiatric diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-En Hsia
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Feodor-Lynen Strasse 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Neuroproteomics, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, and Institute for Advanced Science, Technische Universität München, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Johanna Tüshaus
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Feodor-Lynen Strasse 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Neuroproteomics, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, and Institute for Advanced Science, Technische Universität München, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias Brummer
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Feodor-Lynen Strasse 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Neuroproteomics, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, and Institute for Advanced Science, Technische Universität München, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Yuanpeng Zheng
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Feodor-Lynen Strasse 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Neuroproteomics, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, and Institute for Advanced Science, Technische Universität München, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Simone D Scilabra
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Feodor-Lynen Strasse 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Neuroproteomics, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, and Institute for Advanced Science, Technische Universität München, 81675, Munich, Germany
- Fondazione Ri.MED, Department of Research, IRCCS-ISMETT, via Tricomi 5, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Stefan F Lichtenthaler
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Feodor-Lynen Strasse 17, 81377, Munich, Germany.
- Neuroproteomics, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, and Institute for Advanced Science, Technische Universität München, 81675, Munich, Germany.
- Munich Center for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany.
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58
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Status update on iRhom and ADAM17: It's still complicated. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2019; 1866:1567-1583. [PMID: 31330158 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2019.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Several membrane-bound proteins with a single transmembrane domain are subjected to limited proteolysis at the cell surface. This cleavage leads to the release of their biologically active ectodomains, which can trigger different signalling pathways. In many cases, this ectodomain shedding is mediated by members of the family of a disintegrins and metalloproteinases (ADAMs). ADAM17 in particular is responsible for the cleavage of several proinflammatory mediators, growth factors, receptors and adhesion molecules. Due to its direct involvement in the release of these signalling molecules, ADAM17 can be positively and negatively involved in various physiological processes as well as in inflammatory, fibrotic and malignant pathologies. This central role of ADAM17 in a variety of processes requires strict multi-level regulation, including phosphorylation, various conformational changes and endogenous inhibitors. Recent research has shown that an early, crucial control mechanism is interaction with certain adapter proteins identified as iRhom1 and iRhom2, which are pseudoproteases of the rhomboid superfamily. Thus, iRhoms have also a decisive influence on physiological and pathophysiological signalling processes regulated by ADAM17. Their characteristic gene expression profiles, the specific consequences of gene knockouts and finally the occurrence of disease-associated mutations suggest that iRhom1 and iRhom2 undergo different gene regulation in order to fulfil their function in different cell types and are therefore only partially redundant. Therefore, there is not only interest in ADAM17, but also in iRhoms as therapeutic targets. However, to exploit the therapeutic potential, the regulation of ADAM17 activity and in particular its interaction with iRhoms must be well understood.
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59
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Krabbe J, Ruske N, Kanzler S, Reiss LK, Ludwig A, Uhlig S, Martin C. Retrograde perfusion in isolated perfused mouse lungs-Feasibility and effects on cytokine levels and pulmonary oedema formation. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2019; 125:279-288. [PMID: 30925204 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Retrograde lung vascular perfusion can appear in high-risk surgeries. The present report is the first to study long-term retrograde perfusion of isolated perfused mouse lungs (IPLs) and to use the tyrosine kinase ephB4 and its ligand ephrinB2 as potential markers for acute lung injury. Mouse lungs were subjected to anterograde or retrograde perfusion with normal-pressure ventilation (NV) or high-pressure ventilation (=overventilation, OV) for 4 hours. Outcome parameters were cytokine, ephrinB2 and ephB4 levels in perfusate samples and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), and the wet-to-dry ratio. Anterograde perfusion was feasible for 4 hours, while lungs receiving retrograde perfusion presented considerable collapse rates. Retrograde perfusion resulted in an increased wet-to-dry ratio when combined with high-pressure ventilation; other physiological parameters were not affected. Cytokine levels in BAL and perfusate, as well as levels of soluble ephB4 in BAL were increased in OV, while soluble ephrinB2 BAL levels were increased in retrograde perfusion. BAL levels of ephrinB2 and ephB4 were also determined in vivo, including mice ventilated for 7 hours with normal-volume ventilation (NVV) or high-volume ventilation (HVV) with increased levels of ephB4 in HVV BAL compared to NVV. Retrograde perfusion in IPL is limited as a routine method to investigate effects due to collapse for yet unclear reasons. If successful, retrograde perfusion has an influence on pulmonary oedema formation. In BAL, ephrinB2 seems to be up-regulated by flow reversal, while ephB4 is a marker for acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Krabbe
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Medical Faculty, Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Nadine Ruske
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Stephanie Kanzler
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Lucy Kathleen Reiss
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Andreas Ludwig
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefan Uhlig
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Martin
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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60
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Düsterhöft S, Lokau J, Garbers C. The metalloprotease ADAM17 in inflammation and cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2019; 215:152410. [PMID: 30992230 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Proteolytic cleavage of transmembrane proteins is an important post-translational modification that regulates the biological function of numerous transmembrane proteins. Among the 560 proteases encoded in the human genome, the metalloprotease A Disintegrin and Metalloprotease 17 (ADAM17) has gained much attention in recent years and has emerged as a central regulatory hub in inflammation, immunity and cancer development. In order to do so, ADAM17 cleaves a variety of substrates, among them the interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R), the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and most ligands of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). This review article provides an overview of the functions of ADAM17 with a special focus on its cellular regulation. It highlights the importance of ADAM17 to understand the biology of IL-6 and TNFα and their role in inflammatory diseases. Finally, the role of ADAM17 in the formation and progression of different tumor entities is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Düsterhöft
- Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Juliane Lokau
- Department of Pathology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Garbers
- Department of Pathology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, Magdeburg, Germany.
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61
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Geesala R, Schanz W, Biggs M, Dixit G, Skurski J, Gurung P, Meyerholz DK, Elliott D, Issuree PD, Maretzky T. Loss of RHBDF2 results in an early-onset spontaneous murine colitis. J Leukoc Biol 2019; 105:767-781. [PMID: 30694569 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.4a0718-283rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a heterogeneous group of inflammation-mediated pathologies that include Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis and primarily affects the colon and small intestine. Previous studies have shown that a disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM) 17, a membrane-bound sheddase, capable of cleaving the proinflammatory cytokine TNF and epidermal growth factor receptor ligands, plays a critical role in maintaining gut homeostasis and modulating intestinal inflammation during IBD. Rhomboid 5 homolog 2 (RHBDF2), a catalytically inactive member of the rhomboid family of intramembrane serine proteases, was recently identified as a crucial regulator of ADAM17. Here, we assessed the role of RHBDF2 in the development of colitis in the context of IL10 deficiency. Il10-/- /Rhbdf2-/- mice developed spontaneous colitis and experienced severe weight loss starting at 8 wk of age, without the need for exogenous triggers. Severity of disease pathology in Il10-/- /Rhbdf2-/- mice correlated with a dysbiotic gut microbiota and elevated Th1-associated immune responses with increased interferon gamma and IL2 production. In addition, Il10-/- /Rhbdf2-/- mice failed to maintain their epithelial cell homeostasis, although the intestinal epithelial barrier of Rhbdf2-/- mice is intact and loss of Rhbdf2 did not significantly exacerbate sensitivity to dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis, suggesting differences in the underlying disease pathway of intestinal inflammation in this model. Taken together, our results demonstrate a critical regulatory role for RHBDF2 in the maintenance of the unique homeostasis between intestinal microbiota and host immune responses in the gut that is dysregulated during the pathogenesis of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramasatyaveni Geesala
- Inflammation Program, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Willow Schanz
- Inflammation Program, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Mikayla Biggs
- Inflammation Program, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Garima Dixit
- Inflammation Program, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Joseph Skurski
- Inflammation Program, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Immunology Graduate Program, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Prajwal Gurung
- Inflammation Program, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Immunology Graduate Program, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - David K Meyerholz
- Department of Pathology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - David Elliott
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Priya D Issuree
- Inflammation Program, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Thorsten Maretzky
- Inflammation Program, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Immunology Graduate Program, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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Rare mutations of ADAM17 from TOFs induce hypertrophy in human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes via HB-EGF signaling. Clin Sci (Lond) 2019; 133:225-238. [PMID: 30610007 PMCID: PMC6365624 DOI: 10.1042/cs20180842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common cyanotic form of congenital heart defects (CHDs). The right ventricular hypertrophy is associated with the survival rate of patients with repaired TOF. However, very little is known concerning its genetic etiology. Based on mouse model studies, a disintergrin and metalloprotease 10/17 (ADAM10 and ADAM17) are the key enzymes for the NOTCH and ErbB pathways, which are critical pathways for heart development. Mutations in these two genes have not been previously reported in human TOF patients. In this study, we sequenced ADAM10 and ADAM17 in a Han Chinese CHD cohort comprised of 80 TOF patients, 286 other CHD patients, and 480 matched healthy controls. Three missense variants of ADAM17 were only identified in 80 TOF patients, two of which (Y42D and L659P) are novel and not found in the Exome Aggregation Consortium (ExAC) database. Point mutation knock-in (KI) and ADAM17 knock-out (KO) human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) were generated by CRISPR/Cas9 and programmed to differentiate into cardiomyocytes (CMs). Y42D or L659P KI cells or complete KO cells all developed hypertrophy with disorganized sarcomeres. RNA-seq results showed that phosphatidylinositide 3-kinases/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), which is downstream of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling, was affected in both ADAM17 KO and KI hESC-CMs. In vitro experiments showed that these two mutations are loss-of-function mutations in shedding heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) but not NOTCH signaling. Our results revealed that CM hypertrophy in TOF could be the result of mutations in ADAM17 which affects HB-EGF/ErbB signaling.
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63
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Mechanisms of receptor shedding in platelets. Blood 2018; 132:2535-2545. [DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-03-742668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The ability to upregulate and downregulate surface-exposed proteins and receptors is a powerful process that allows a cell to instantly respond to its microenvironment. In particular, mobile cells in the bloodstream must rapidly react to conditions where infection or inflammation are detected, and become proadhesive, phagocytic, and/or procoagulant. Platelets are one such blood cell that must rapidly acquire and manage proadhesive and procoagulant properties in order to execute their primary function in hemostasis. The regulation of platelet membrane properties is achieved via several mechanisms, one of which involves the controlled metalloproteolytic release of adhesion receptors and other proteins from the platelet surface. Proteolysis effectively lowers receptor density and reduces the reactivity of platelets, and is a mechanism to control robust platelet activation. Recent research has also established clear links between levels of platelet receptors and platelet lifespan. In this review, we will discuss the current knowledge of metalloproteolytic receptor regulation in the vasculature with emphasis on the platelet receptor system to highlight how receptor density can influence both platelet function and platelet survival.
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Cabron AS, El Azzouzi K, Boss M, Arnold P, Schwarz J, Rosas M, Dobert JP, Pavlenko E, Schumacher N, Renné T, Taylor PR, Linder S, Rose-John S, Zunke F. Structural and Functional Analyses of the Shedding Protease ADAM17 in HoxB8-Immortalized Macrophages and Dendritic-like Cells. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2018; 201:3106-3118. [PMID: 30355783 PMCID: PMC6215251 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM) 17 has been implicated in many shedding processes. Major substrates of ADAM17 are TNF-α, IL-6R, and ligands of the epidermal growth factor receptor. The essential role of the protease is emphasized by the fact that ADAM17 deficiency is lethal in mice. To study ADAM17 function in vivo, we generated viable hypomorphic ADAM17 mice called ADAM17ex/ex mice. Recent studies indicated regulation of proteolytic ADAM17 activity by cellular processes such as cytoplasmic phosphorylation and removal of the prodomain by furin cleavage. Maturation and thus activation of ADAM17 is not fully understood. So far, studies of ADAM17 maturation have been mainly limited to mouse embryonic fibroblasts or transfected cell lines relying on nonphysiologic stimuli such as phorbol esters, thus making interpretation of the results difficult in a physiologic context. In this article, we present a robust cell system to study ADAM17 maturation and function in primary cells of the immune system. To this end, HoxB8 conditionally immortalized macrophage precursor cell lines were derived from bone marrow of wild-type and hypomorphic ADAM17ex/ex mice, which are devoid of measurable ADAM17 activity. ADAM17 mutants were stably expressed in macrophage precursor cells, differentiated to macrophages under different growth factor conditions (M-CSF versus GM-CSF), and analyzed for cellular localization, proteolytic activity, and podosome disassembly. Our study reveals maturation and activity of ADAM17 in a more physiological-immune cell system. We show that this cell system can be further exploited for genetic modifications of ADAM17 and for studying its function in immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Sophie Cabron
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Karim El Azzouzi
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Boss
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Philipp Arnold
- Institute of Anatomy, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Jeanette Schwarz
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Marcela Rosas
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Jan Philipp Dobert
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Egor Pavlenko
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Neele Schumacher
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Thomas Renné
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Solna, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden; and
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Philip R Taylor
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Linder
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Rose-John
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany;
| | - Friederike Zunke
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany;
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Li J, Bai TR, Gao S, Zhou Z, Peng XM, Zhang LS, Dou DL, Zhang ZS, Li LY. Human rhomboid family-1 modulates clathrin coated vesicle-dependent pro-transforming growth factor α membrane trafficking to promote breast cancer progression. EBioMedicine 2018; 36:229-240. [PMID: 30279141 PMCID: PMC6197618 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signalling is critical in epithelial cancer development. Human rhomboid family-1 (RHBDF1) facilitates the secretion of TGFα, an EGFR ligand, in breast cancer; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. We evaluated the role for RHBDF1 in clathrin-coated vesicle (CCV)-dependent pro-TGFα membrane trafficking in breast cancer cells upon stimulation by G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) agonists. METHODS RHBDF1 was silenced in various breast cancer cells using shRNA. TGFα levels, subcellular localization, and secretion were evaluated using ELISA, immunofluorescent staining, and coimmunoprecipitation. Phosphorylation and expression of relevant proteins were measured by western blotting. RHBDF1-dependent cell viability and invasion were measured. FINDINGS RHBDF1 mediates GPCR agonist-induced EGFR phosphorylation by promoting TGFα secretion in various types of breast cancer cells. RHBDF1 not only mediates ADAM17-dependent shedding of TGFα, but is essential in membrane trafficking of pro-TGFα. RHBDF1 silencing results in blocking of clathrin uncoating from CCV, a crucial step for the plasma membrane release of pro-TGFα. Interaction of RHBDF1 with auxilin-2, a CCV protein, determines the recruitment of HSC70 to CCV to facilitate clathrin uncoating. RHBDF1 function is required for the proliferation and mobility of breast cancer cells upon stimulation by Sphingosine 1 Phosphate (S1P), a GPCR agonist. We demonstrate a significant correlation between RHBDF1 overexpression and EGFR activation in breast cancer tissues. INTERPRETATION RHBDF1 is an indispensable component of the protein trafficking machinery involved in GPCR-mediated EGFR transactivation, and is an attractive therapeutic target for cancer. FUND: National Natural Science Foundation of China (81,672,740 to ZSZ, 81,272,356 and 81,330,029 to LYL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.; Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Tai-Ran Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.; Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Shan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.; Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zhuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xue-Mei Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.; Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Li-Song Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.; Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Dao-Lei Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.; Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zhi-Song Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.; Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Lu-Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.; Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
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Haxaire C, Hakobyan N, Pannellini T, Carballo C, McIlwain D, Mak TW, Rodeo S, Acharya S, Li D, Szymonifka J, Song X, Monette S, Srivastava A, Salmon JE, Blobel CP. Blood-induced bone loss in murine hemophilic arthropathy is prevented by blocking the iRhom2/ADAM17/TNF-α pathway. Blood 2018; 132:1064-1074. [PMID: 29776906 PMCID: PMC6128089 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-12-820571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemophilic arthropathy (HA) is a debilitating degenerative joint disease that is a major manifestation of the bleeding disorder hemophilia A. HA typically begins with hemophilic synovitis that resembles inflammatory arthritides, such as rheumatoid arthritis, and frequently results in bone loss in patients. A major cause of rheumatoid arthritis is inappropriate release of the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) by the TNF-α convertase (TACE; also referred to as ADAM17) and its regulator, iRhom2. Therefore, we hypothesized that iRhom2/ADAM17-dependent shedding of TNF-α also has a pivotal role in mediating HA. Here, we show that addition of blood or its components to macrophages activates iRhom2/ADAM17-dependent TNF-α shedding, providing the premise to study the activation of this pathway by blood in the joint in vivo. For this, we turned to hemophilic FVIII-deficient mice (F8-/- mice), which develop a hemarthrosis following needle puncture injury with synovial inflammation and significant osteopenia adjacent to the affected joint. We found that needle puncture-induced bleeding leads to increased TNF-α levels in the affected joint of F8-/- mice. Moreover, inactivation of TNF-α or iRhom2 in F8-/- mice reduced the osteopenia and synovial inflammation that develops in this mouse model for HA. Taken together, our results suggest that blood entering the joint activates the iRhom2/ADAM17/TNF-α pathway, thereby contributing to osteopenia and synovitis in mice. Therefore, this proinflammatory signaling pathway could emerge as an attractive new target to prevent osteoporosis and joint damage in HA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coline Haxaire
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program and
- Autoimmunity and Inflammation Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY
| | - Narine Hakobyan
- Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Camila Carballo
- Orthopedic Soft Tissue Research Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY
| | - David McIlwain
- Baxter Laboratory in Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Tak W Mak
- Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Scott Rodeo
- Orthopedic Soft Tissue Research Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY
| | - Suchitra Acharya
- Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Northwell Health, New Hyde Park, NY
| | - Daniel Li
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program and
| | - Jackie Szymonifka
- Autoimmunity and Inflammation Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY
| | - Xiangqian Song
- Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Sébastien Monette
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, The Rockefeller University, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Alok Srivastava
- Department of Hematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | - Jane E Salmon
- Autoimmunity and Inflammation Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY
- Department of Medicine and
| | - Carl P Blobel
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program and
- Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine and
- Department of Biophysics, Physiology, and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; and
- Institute for Advanced Studies, Technical University Munich, Garching, Germany
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68
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The Rhomboid Superfamily: Structural Mechanisms and Chemical Biology Opportunities. Trends Biochem Sci 2018; 43:726-739. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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69
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Merilahti JAM, Elenius K. Gamma-secretase-dependent signaling of receptor tyrosine kinases. Oncogene 2018; 38:151-163. [PMID: 30166589 PMCID: PMC6756091 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0465-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Human genome harbors 55 receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK). At least half of the RTKs have been reported to be cleaved by gamma-secretase-mediated regulated intramembrane proteolysis. The two-step process involves releasing the RTK ectodomain to the extracellular space by proteolytic cleavage called shedding, followed by cleavage in the RTK transmembrane domain by the gamma-secretase complex resulting in release of a soluble RTK intracellular domain. This intracellular domain, including the tyrosine kinase domain, can in turn translocate to various cellular compartments, such as the nucleus or proteasome. The soluble intracellular domain may interact with transcriptional regulators and other proteins to induce specific effects on cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation, establishing an additional signaling mode for the cleavable RTKs. On the other hand, the same process can facilitate RTK turnover and proteasomal degradation. In this review we focus on the regulation of RTK shedding and gamma-secretase cleavage, as well as signaling promoted by the soluble RTK ICDs. In addition, therapeutic implications of increased knowledge on RTK cleavage on cancer drug development are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes A M Merilahti
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, 20520, Turku, Finland.,Medicity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, 20520, Turku, Finland.,Turku Doctoral Programme of Molecular Medicine, University of Turku, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Klaus Elenius
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, 20520, Turku, Finland. .,Medicity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, 20520, Turku, Finland. .,Department of Oncology, Turku University Hospital, 20520, Turku, Finland.
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Neutrophil and Macrophage Cell Surface Colony-Stimulating Factor 1 Shed by ADAM17 Drives Mouse Macrophage Proliferation in Acute and Chronic Inflammation. Mol Cell Biol 2018; 38:MCB.00103-18. [PMID: 29891514 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00103-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are prominent cells in acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. Recent studies highlight a role for macrophage proliferation post-monocyte recruitment under inflammatory conditions. Using an acute peritonitis model, we identify a significant defect in macrophage proliferation in mice lacking the leukocyte transmembrane protease ADAM17. The defect is associated with decreased levels of macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1) in the peritoneum and is rescued by intraperitoneal injection of CSF-1. Cell surface CSF-1 (csCSF-1) is one of the substrates of ADAM17. We demonstrate that both infiltrated neutrophils and macrophages are major sources of csCSF-1. Furthermore, acute shedding of csCSF-1 following neutrophil extravasation is associated with elevated expression of iRhom2, a member of the rhomboid-like superfamily, which promotes ADAM17 maturation and trafficking to the neutrophil surface. Accordingly, deletion of hematopoietic iRhom2 is sufficient to prevent csCSF-1 release from neutrophils and macrophages and to prevent macrophage proliferation. In acute inflammation, csCSF-1 release and macrophage proliferation are self-limiting due to transient leukocyte recruitment and temporally restricted csCSF-1 expression. In chronic inflammation, such as atherosclerosis, the ADAM17-mediated lesional macrophage proliferative response is prolonged. Our results demonstrate a novel mechanism whereby ADAM17 promotes macrophage proliferation in states of acute and chronic inflammation.
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71
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Kordowski F, Kolarova J, Schafmayer C, Buch S, Goldmann T, Marwitz S, Kugler C, Scheufele S, Gassling V, Németh CG, Brosch M, Hampe J, Lucius R, Röder C, Kalthoff H, Siebert R, Ammerpohl O, Reiss K. Aberrant DNA methylation of ADAMTS16 in colorectal and other epithelial cancers. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:796. [PMID: 30081852 PMCID: PMC6080380 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4701-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND ADAMs (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase) have long been associated with tumor progression. Recent findings indicate that members of the closely related ADAMTS (ADAMs with thrombospondin motifs) family are also critically involved in carcinogenesis. Gene silencing through DNA methylation at CpG loci around e.g. transcription start or enhancer sites is a major mechanism in cancer development. Here, we aimed at identifying genes of the ADAM and ADAMTS family showing altered DNA methylation in the development or colorectal cancer (CRC) and other epithelial tumors. METHODS We investigated potential changes of DNA methylation affecting ADAM and ADAMTS genes in 117 CRC, 40 lung cancer (LC) and 15 oral squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC) samples. Tumor tissue was analyzed in comparison to adjacent non-malignant tissue of the same patients. The methylation status of 1145 CpGs in 51 ADAM and ADAMTS genes was measured with the HumanMethylation450 BeadChip Array. ADAMTS16 protein expression was analyzed in CRC samples by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS In CRC, we identified 72 CpGs in 18 genes which were significantly affected by hyper- or hypomethylation in the tumor tissue compared to the adjacent non-malignant tissue. While notable/frequent alterations in methylation patterns within ADAM genes were not observed, conspicuous changes were found in ADAMTS16 and ADAMTS2. To figure out whether these differences would be CRC specific, additional LC and SCC tissue samples were analyzed. Overall, 78 differentially methylated CpGs were found in LC and 29 in SCC. Strikingly, 8 CpGs located in the ADAMTS16 gene were commonly differentially methylated in all three cancer entities. Six CpGs in the promoter region were hypermethylated, whereas 2 CpGs in the gene body were hypomethylated indicative of gene silencing. In line with these findings, ADAMTS16 protein was strongly expressed in globlet cells and colonocytes in control tissue but not in CRC samples. Functional in vitro studies using the colorectal carcinoma cell line HT29 revealed that ADAMTS16 expression restrained tumor cell proliferation. CONCLUSIONS We identified ADAMTS16 as novel gene with cancer-specific promoter hypermethylation in CRC, LC and SCC patients implicating ADAMTS16 as potential biomarker for these tumors. Moreover, our results provide evidence that ADAMTS16 may have tumor suppressor properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Kordowski
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, University of Kiel, Rosalind-Franklin-Straße 7, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Julia Kolarova
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Clemens Schafmayer
- Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stephan Buch
- Medical Department 1, University Hospital Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Torsten Goldmann
- Pathology of the University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Borstel, Germany
| | - Sebastian Marwitz
- Pathology of the University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Borstel, Germany
| | - Christian Kugler
- Thoracic Surgery, LungenClinic Grosshansdorf, Grosshansdorf, Germany
| | | | - Volker Gassling
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Mario Brosch
- Medical Department 1, University Hospital Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jochen Hampe
- Medical Department 1, University Hospital Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ralph Lucius
- Anatomical Institute, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christian Röder
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Holger Kalthoff
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Reiner Siebert
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ole Ammerpohl
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Karina Reiss
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, University of Kiel, Rosalind-Franklin-Straße 7, 24105 Kiel, Germany
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72
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Lichtenthaler SF, Lemberg MK, Fluhrer R. Proteolytic ectodomain shedding of membrane proteins in mammals-hardware, concepts, and recent developments. EMBO J 2018; 37:e99456. [PMID: 29976761 PMCID: PMC6068445 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201899456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteolytic removal of membrane protein ectodomains (ectodomain shedding) is a post-translational modification that controls levels and function of hundreds of membrane proteins. The contributing proteases, referred to as sheddases, act as important molecular switches in processes ranging from signaling to cell adhesion. When deregulated, ectodomain shedding is linked to pathologies such as inflammation and Alzheimer's disease. While proteases of the "a disintegrin and metalloprotease" (ADAM) and "beta-site APP cleaving enzyme" (BACE) families are widely considered as sheddases, in recent years a much broader range of proteases, including intramembrane and soluble proteases, were shown to catalyze similar cleavage reactions. This review demonstrates that shedding is a fundamental process in cell biology and discusses the current understanding of sheddases and their substrates, molecular mechanisms and cellular localizations, as well as physiological functions of protein ectodomain shedding. Moreover, we provide an operational definition of shedding and highlight recent conceptual advances in the field. While new developments in proteomics facilitate substrate discovery, we expect that shedding is not a rare exception, but rather the rule for many membrane proteins, and that many more interesting shedding functions await discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan F Lichtenthaler
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Neuroproteomics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, and Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Center for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Marius K Lemberg
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Regina Fluhrer
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Biomedizinisches Centrum (BMC), Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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73
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Künzel U, Grieve AG, Meng Y, Sieber B, Cowley SA, Freeman M. FRMD8 promotes inflammatory and growth factor signalling by stabilising the iRhom/ADAM17 sheddase complex. eLife 2018; 7:e35012. [PMID: 29897336 PMCID: PMC6042961 DOI: 10.7554/elife.35012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Many intercellular signals are synthesised as transmembrane precursors that are released by proteolytic cleavage ('shedding') from the cell surface. ADAM17, a membrane-tethered metalloprotease, is the primary shedding enzyme responsible for the release of the inflammatory cytokine TNFα and several EGF receptor ligands. ADAM17 exists in complex with the rhomboid-like iRhom proteins, which act as cofactors that regulate ADAM17 substrate shedding. Here we report that the poorly characterised FERM domain-containing protein FRMD8 is a new component of the iRhom2/ADAM17 sheddase complex. FRMD8 binds to the cytoplasmic N-terminus of iRhoms and is necessary to stabilise iRhoms and ADAM17 at the cell surface. In the absence of FRMD8, iRhom2 and ADAM17 are degraded via the endolysosomal pathway, resulting in the reduction of ADAM17-mediated shedding. We have confirmed the pathophysiological significance of FRMD8 in iPSC-derived human macrophages and mouse tissues, thus demonstrating its role in the regulated release of multiple cytokine and growth factor signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Künzel
- Sir William Dunn School of PathologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Adam Graham Grieve
- Sir William Dunn School of PathologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Yao Meng
- Sir William Dunn School of PathologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Boris Sieber
- Sir William Dunn School of PathologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Sally A Cowley
- Sir William Dunn School of PathologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Matthew Freeman
- Sir William Dunn School of PathologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
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74
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Phosphorylation of iRhom2 Controls Stimulated Proteolytic Shedding by the Metalloprotease ADAM17/TACE. Cell Rep 2018; 21:745-757. [PMID: 29045841 PMCID: PMC5656746 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.09.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell surface metalloproteases coordinate signaling during development, tissue homeostasis, and disease. TACE (TNF-α-converting enzyme), is responsible for cleavage (“shedding”) of membrane-tethered signaling molecules, including the cytokine TNF, and activating ligands of the EGFR. The trafficking of TACE within the secretory pathway requires its binding to iRhom2, which mediates the exit of TACE from the endoplasmic reticulum. An important, but mechanistically unclear, feature of TACE biology is its ability to be stimulated rapidly on the cell surface by numerous inflammatory and growth-promoting agents. Here, we report a role for iRhom2 in TACE stimulation on the cell surface. TACE shedding stimuli trigger MAP kinase-dependent phosphorylation of iRhom2 N-terminal cytoplasmic tail. This recruits 14-3-3 proteins, enforcing the dissociation of TACE from complexes with iRhom2, promoting the cleavage of TACE substrates. Our data reveal that iRhom2 controls multiple aspects of TACE biology, including stimulated shedding on the cell surface. iRhom2 is phosphorylated in response to stimuli that activate the sheddase TACE Blocking iRhom phosphorylation represses TACE stimulated shedding Phosphorylated iRhom2 recruits 14-3-3 and dissociates from TACE, enabling shedding iRhom2 is thus a signal integrator and transducer of stimulated TACE shedding
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75
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Herrlich A, Kefaloyianni E. iRhoms: A Potential Path to More Specific Therapeutic Targeting of Lupus Nephritis. Am J Kidney Dis 2018; 72:617-619. [PMID: 29887489 DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Herrlich
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO.
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76
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Nakayama H, Sakaue T, Maekawa M, Fujisaki A, Higashiyama S. Cullin 3 regulates ADAMs-mediated ectodomain shedding of amphiregulin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 499:17-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.03.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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77
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Gardiner EE. Proteolytic processing of platelet receptors. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2018; 2:240-250. [PMID: 30046726 PMCID: PMC6055504 DOI: 10.1002/rth2.12096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets have a major role in hemostasis and an emerging role in biological processes including inflammation and immunity. Many of these processes require platelet adhesion and localization at sites of tissue damage or infection and regulated platelet activation, mediated by platelet adheso-signalling receptors, glycoprotein (GP) Ib-IX-V and GPVI. Work from a number of laboratories has demonstrated that levels of these receptors are closely regulated by metalloproteinases of the A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase (ADAM) family, primarily ADAM17 and ADAM10. It is becoming increasingly evident that platelets have important roles in innate immunity, inflammation, and in combating infection that extends beyond processes of hemostasis. This overview will examine the molecular events that regulate levels of platelet receptors and then assess ramifications for these events in settings where hemostasis, inflammation, and infection processes are triggered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth E. Gardiner
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and TherapeuticsJohn Curtin School of Medical ResearchThe Australian National UniversityCanberraACTAustralia
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78
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Arcidiacono P, Webb CM, Brooke MA, Zhou H, Delaney PJ, Ng KE, Blaydon DC, Tinker A, Kelsell DP, Chikh A. p63 is a key regulator of iRHOM2 signalling in the keratinocyte stress response. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1021. [PMID: 29523849 PMCID: PMC5844915 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03470-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperproliferative keratinocytes induced by trauma, hyperkeratosis and/or inflammation display molecular signatures similar to those of palmoplantar epidermis. Inherited gain-of-function mutations in RHBDF2 (encoding iRHOM2) are associated with a hyperproliferative palmoplantar keratoderma and squamous oesophageal cancer syndrome (termed TOC). In contrast, genetic ablation of rhbdf2 in mice leads to a thinning of the mammalian footpad, and reduces keratinocyte hyperproliferation and migration. Here, we report that iRHOM2 is a novel target gene of p63 and that both p63 and iRHOM2 differentially regulate cellular stress-associated signalling pathways in normal and hyperproliferative keratinocytes. We demonstrate that p63-iRHOM2 regulates cell survival and response to oxidative stress via modulation of SURVIVIN and Cytoglobin, respectively. Furthermore, the antioxidant compound Sulforaphane downregulates p63-iRHOM2 expression, leading to reduced proliferation, inflammation, survival and ROS production. These findings elucidate a novel p63-associated pathway that identifies iRHOM2 modulation as a potential therapeutic target to treat hyperproliferative skin disease and neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Arcidiacono
- Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK
| | - Catherine M Webb
- Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK
| | - Matthew A Brooke
- Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK
| | - Huiqing Zhou
- Department of Human Genetics, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Developmental Biology, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Paul J Delaney
- Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK
| | - Keat-Eng Ng
- Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK
| | - Diana C Blaydon
- Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK
| | - Andrew Tinker
- The Heart Centre, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - David P Kelsell
- Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK.
| | - Anissa Chikh
- Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK.
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79
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Qing X, Chinenov Y, Redecha P, Madaio M, Roelofs JJ, Farber G, Issuree PD, Donlin L, Mcllwain DR, Mak TW, Blobel CP, Salmon JE. iRhom2 promotes lupus nephritis through TNF-α and EGFR signaling. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:1397-1412. [PMID: 29369823 DOI: 10.1172/jci97650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lupus nephritis (LN) often results in progressive renal dysfunction. The inactive rhomboid 2 (iRhom2) is a newly identified key regulator of A disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 (ADAM17), whose substrates, such as TNF-α and heparin-binding EGF (HB-EGF), have been implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic kidney diseases. Here, we demonstrate that deficiency of iRhom2 protects the lupus-prone Fcgr2b-/- mice from developing severe kidney damage without altering anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) Ab production by simultaneously blocking HB-EGF/EGFR and TNF-α signaling in the kidney tissues. Unbiased transcriptome profiling of kidneys and kidney macrophages revealed that TNF-α and HB-EGF/EGFR signaling pathways are highly upregulated in Fcgr2b-/- mice, alterations that were diminished in the absence of iRhom2. Pharmacological blockade of either TNF-α or EGFR signaling protected Fcgr2b-/- mice from severe renal damage. Finally, kidneys from LN patients showed increased iRhom2 and HB-EGF expression, with interstitial HB-EGF expression significantly associated with chronicity indices. Our data suggest that activation of iRhom2/ADAM17-dependent TNF-α and EGFR signaling plays a crucial role in mediating irreversible kidney damage in LN, thereby uncovering a target for selective and simultaneous dual inhibition of 2 major pathological pathways in the effector arm of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yurii Chinenov
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Michael Madaio
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Joris Jth Roelofs
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Gregory Farber
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Priya D Issuree
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Laura Donlin
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - David R Mcllwain
- Baxter Laboratory in Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Tak W Mak
- Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carl P Blobel
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA.,Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jane E Salmon
- Program in Inflammation and Autoimmunity, and.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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80
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Barnette DN, Cahill TJ, Gunadasa-Rohling M, Carr CA, Freeman M, Riley PR. iRhom2-mediated proinflammatory signalling regulates heart repair following myocardial infarction. JCI Insight 2018; 3:98268. [PMID: 29415889 PMCID: PMC5821194 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.98268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of proinflammation, and specifically TNF-α, on downstream fibrosis and healing after cardiac injury remains unknown. Using iRhom2-deficient mice, which lack myeloid-specific shedding of TNF-α, we reveal increased macrophages (MΦs) that were skewed towards a more proinflammatory (M1) state at day 4, followed by more reparative, antiinflammatory (M2) state at day 7 after myocardial infarction (MI). However, associated functional cytokine expression was significantly reduced in iRhom2-mutant M1 and M2 MΦs, respectively. A dampened proinflammatory signature in iRhom2-deficient mice during the acute phase of injury and subsequent changes in MΦ polarization were associated with reduced phagocytosis and a more sparse distribution within the scar region. This resulted in impaired collagen deposition and fibrosis, and increased left ventricular remodelling and mortality in iRhom2-deficient mice after MI. Our findings reveal a requirement for an iRhom2-mediated proinflammatory response during downstream scarring and fibrosis, which is driven in part by TNF-α signaling. These conclusions challenge the existing model that infarct repair is determined exclusively by antiinflammatory signaling of M2 MΦs, and as such we propose an alternative view of immunomodulation to maintain effective healing after infarction. Optimal scarring and survival after myocardial infarction is dependent upon the initial wave of inflammation after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien N Barnette
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom (UK)
| | - Thomas J Cahill
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom (UK).,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, Level 6, West Wing, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Mala Gunadasa-Rohling
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom (UK)
| | - Carolyn A Carr
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom (UK)
| | - Matthew Freeman
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Paul R Riley
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom (UK)
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81
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Powles J, Ko K. Alternative splice variants of rhomboid proteins: Comparative analysis of database entries for select model organisms and validation of functional potential. F1000Res 2018; 7:139. [PMID: 32201561 PMCID: PMC7065720 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.13383.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Rhomboid serine proteases are present across many species and are often encoded in each species by more than one predicted gene. Based on protein sequence comparisons, rhomboids can be differentiated into groups - secretases, presenilin-like associated rhomboid-like (PARL) proteases, iRhoms, and "inactive" rhomboid proteins. Although these rhomboid groups are distinct, the different types can operate simultaneously. Studies in Arabidopsis showed that the number of rhomboid proteins working simultaneously can be further diversified by alternative splicing. This phenomenon was confirmed for the Arabidopsis plastid rhomboid proteins At1g25290 and At1g74130. Although alternative splicing was determined to be a significant mechanism for diversifying these two Arabidopsis plastid rhomboids, there has yet to be an assessment as to whether this mechanism extends to other rhomboids and to other species. Methods: We thus conducted a comparative analysis of select databases to determine if the alternative splicing mechanism observed for the two Arabidopsis plastid rhomboids was utilized in other species to expand the repertoire of rhomboid proteins. To help verify the in silico observations, select splice variants from different groups were tested for activity using transgenic- and additive-based assays. These assays aimed to uncover evidence that the selected splice variants display capacities to influence processes like antimicrobial sensitivity. Results: A comparison of database entries of six widely used eukaryotic experimental models (human, mouse, Arabidopsis, Drosophila, nematode, and yeast) revealed robust usage of alternative splicing to diversify rhomboid protein structure across the various motifs or regions, especially in human, mouse and Arabidopsis. Subsequent validation studies uncover evidence that the splice variants selected for testing displayed functionality in the different activity assays. Conclusions: The combined results support the hypothesis that alternative splicing is likely used to diversify and expand rhomboid protein functionality, and this potentially occurred across the various motifs or regions of the protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Powles
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Kenton Ko
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
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82
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Wilson JL, Kefaloyianni E, Stopfer L, Harrison C, Sabbisetti VS, Fraenkel E, Lauffenburger DA, Herrlich A. Functional Genomics Approach Identifies Novel Signaling Regulators of TGFα Ectodomain Shedding. Mol Cancer Res 2018; 16:147-161. [PMID: 29018056 PMCID: PMC5859574 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-17-0140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ectodomain shedding of cell-surface precursor proteins by metalloproteases generates important cellular signaling molecules. Of importance for disease is the release of ligands that activate the EGFR, such as TGFα, which is mostly carried out by ADAM17 [a member of the A-disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM) domain family]. EGFR ligand shedding has been linked to many diseases, in particular cancer development, growth and metastasis, as well as resistance to cancer therapeutics. Excessive EGFR ligand release can outcompete therapeutic EGFR inhibition or the inhibition of other growth factor pathways by providing bypass signaling via EGFR activation. Drugging metalloproteases directly have failed clinically because it indiscriminately affected shedding of numerous substrates. It is therefore essential to identify regulators for EGFR ligand cleavage. Here, integration of a functional shRNA genomic screen, computational network analysis, and dedicated validation tests succeeded in identifying several key signaling pathways as novel regulators of TGFα shedding in cancer cells. Most notably, a cluster of genes with NFκB pathway regulatory functions was found to strongly influence TGFα release, albeit independent of their NFκB regulatory functions. Inflammatory regulators thus also govern cancer cell growth-promoting ectodomain cleavage, lending mechanistic understanding to the well-known connection between inflammation and cancer.Implications: Using genomic screens and network analysis, this study defines targets that regulate ectodomain shedding and suggests new treatment opportunities for EGFR-driven cancers. Mol Cancer Res; 16(1); 147-61. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Wilson
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Eirini Kefaloyianni
- Division of Nephrology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Lauren Stopfer
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Christina Harrison
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Ernest Fraenkel
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Douglas A Lauffenburger
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
| | - Andreas Herrlich
- Division of Nephrology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
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83
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Recent Advances in ADAM17 Research: A Promising Target for Cancer and Inflammation. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:9673537. [PMID: 29230082 PMCID: PMC5688260 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9673537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Since its discovery, ADAM17, also known as TNFα converting enzyme or TACE, is now known to process over 80 different substrates. Many of these substrates are mediators of cancer and inflammation. The field of ADAM metalloproteinases is at a crossroad with many of the new potential therapeutic agents for ADAM17 advancing into the clinic. Researchers have now developed potential drugs for ADAM17 that are selective and do not have the side effects which were seen in earlier chemical entities that targeted this enzyme. ADAM17 inhibitors have broad therapeutic potential, with properties ranging from tumor immunosurveillance and overcoming drug and radiation resistance in cancer, as treatments for cardiac hypertrophy and inflammatory conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease and rheumatoid arthritis. This review focuses on substrates and inhibitors identified more recently for ADAM17 and their role in cancer and inflammation.
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84
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Zunke F, Rose-John S. The shedding protease ADAM17: Physiology and pathophysiology. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2017; 1864:2059-2070. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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85
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Urriola-Muñoz P, Li X, Maretzky T, McIlwain DR, Mak TW, Reyes JG, Blobel CP, Moreno RD. The xenoestrogens biphenol-A and nonylphenol differentially regulate metalloprotease-mediated shedding of EGFR ligands. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:2247-2256. [PMID: 28703301 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The xenoestrogens bisphenol-A (BPA) and nonylphenol (NP) are endocrine disruptors used in the plastic polymer industry to manufacture different products for human use. Previous studies have suggested a role of these compounds in the shedding of signaling molecules, such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of BPA and NP on the sheddase ADAM17 and its newly discovered regulators iRhom1 and iRhom2 in the release of EGFR-ligands. We report that BPA and NP can stimulate the release of the ADAM17-substrates HB-EGF and TGF-α. In cells lacking ADAM17 (Adam17-/- mEFs) BPA-stimulated release of HB-EGF, but not TGF-α, was strongly reduced, whereas NP-stimulated shedding of HB-EGF and TGF-α was completely abolished. Inactivation of both ADAM17 and the related ADAM10 (Adam10/17-/- mEFs) completely prevented the release of these substrates. In the absence of iRhom1, BPA- or NP-stimulated release of HB-EGF or TGF-α was comparable to wild-type control mEFs, conversely the BPA-induced release of HB-EGF was abolished in iRhom2-/- mEFs. The defect in shedding of HB-EGF in iRhom2-/- mEF cells could be rescued by overexpressing iRhom2. Interestingly, the NP-stimulated release of HB-EGF was not affected by the absence of iRhom2, suggesting that NP could potentially activate both ADAM10 and ADAM17. We tested this hypothesis using betacellulin (BTC), an EGFR-ligand that is a substrate for ADAM10. We found that NP, but not BPA stimulated the release of BTC in Adam17-/- , iRhom2-/- , or iRhom1/2-/- , but not in Adam10/17-/- cells. Taken together, our results suggest that BPA and NP stimulate the release of EGFR-ligands by differentially activating ADAM17 or ADAM10. The identification of specific effects of these endocrine disruptors on ADAM10 and ADAM17 will help to provide a better understanding of their roles in cell signaling and proinflammatory processes, and provide new potential targets for treatment of reproductive or inflammatory diseases such as asthma or breast cancer that are promoted by xenoestrogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Urriola-Muñoz
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Fisiología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Instituto de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Xue Li
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York.,Department of Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, New York
| | - Thorsten Maretzky
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York
| | - David R McIlwain
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Baxter Laboratory in Stem Cell Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Tak W Mak
- Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Juan G Reyes
- Instituto de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Carl P Blobel
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York.,Institute for Advanced Study, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany.,Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell University, New York, New York
| | - Ricardo D Moreno
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Fisiología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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86
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Grötzinger J, Lorenzen I, Düsterhöft S. Molecular insights into the multilayered regulation of ADAM17: The role of the extracellular region. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2017; 1864:2088-2095. [PMID: 28571693 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2017.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In contrast to many other signalling mechanisms shedding of membrane-anchored proteins is an irreversible process. A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase (ADAM) 17 is one of the major sheddases involved in a variety of physiological and pathophysiological processes including regeneration, differentiation, and cancer progression. Due to its central role in signalling the shedding activity of ADAM17 is tightly regulated, especially on the cell surface, where shedding events take place. The activity of ADAM17 can be subdivided into a catalytic activity and the actual shedding activity. Whereas the catalytic activity is constitutively present, the shedding activity has to be induced and is tightly controlled to prevent pathological situations induced by the release of its substrates. The regulation of the shedding activity of ADAM17 is multilayered and different regions of the protease are involved. Intriguingly, its extracellular domains play crucial roles in different regulatory mechanisms. We will discuss the role of these domains in the control of ADAM17 activity. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Proteolysis as a Regulatory Event in Pathophysiology edited by Stefan Rose-John.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Grötzinger
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University, Olshausenstr. 40, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Inken Lorenzen
- Centre of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Structural Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Am Botanischen Garten 1-9, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefan Düsterhöft
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
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87
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Mishra HK, Ma J, Walcheck B. Ectodomain Shedding by ADAM17: Its Role in Neutrophil Recruitment and the Impairment of This Process during Sepsis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2017; 7:138. [PMID: 28487846 PMCID: PMC5403810 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are specialized at killing bacteria and are recruited from the blood in a rapid and robust manner during infection. A cascade of adhesion events direct their attachment to the vascular endothelium and migration into the underlying tissue. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17) functions in the cell membrane of neutrophils and endothelial cells by cleaving its substrates, typically in a cis manner, at an extracellular site proximal to the cell membrane. This process is referred to as ectodomain shedding and it results in the downregulation of various adhesion molecules and receptors, and the release of immune regulating factors. ADAM17 sheddase activity is induced upon cell activation and rapidly modulates intravascular adhesion events in response to diverse environmental stimuli. During sepsis, an excessive systemic inflammatory response against infection, neutrophil migration becomes severely impaired. This involves ADAM17 as indicated by increased levels of its cleaved substrates in the blood of septic patients, and that ADAM17 inactivation improves neutrophil recruitment and bacterial clearance in animal models of sepsis. Excessive ADAM17 sheddase activity during sepsis thus appears to undermine in a direct and indirect manner the necessary balance between intravascular adhesion and de-adhesion events that regulate neutrophil migration into sites of infection. This review provides an overview of ADAM17 function and regulation and its potential contribution to neutrophil dysfunction during sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemant K Mishra
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of MinnesotaSt. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of MinnesotaSt. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Bruce Walcheck
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of MinnesotaSt. Paul, MN, USA
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88
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Grieve AG, Xu H, Künzel U, Bambrough P, Sieber B, Freeman M. Phosphorylation of iRhom2 at the plasma membrane controls mammalian TACE-dependent inflammatory and growth factor signalling. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28432785 PMCID: PMC5436907 DOI: 10.7554/elife.23968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteolytic cleavage and release from the cell surface of membrane-tethered ligands is an important mechanism of regulating intercellular signalling. TACE is a major shedding protease, responsible for the liberation of the inflammatory cytokine TNFα and ligands of the epidermal growth factor receptor. iRhoms, catalytically inactive members of the rhomboid-like superfamily, have been shown to control the ER-to-Golgi transport and maturation of TACE. Here, we reveal that iRhom2 remains associated with TACE throughout the secretory pathway, and is stabilised at the cell surface by this interaction. At the plasma membrane, ERK1/2-mediated phosphorylation and 14-3-3 protein binding of the cytoplasmic amino-terminus of iRhom2 alter its interaction with mature TACE, thereby licensing its proteolytic activity. We show that this molecular mechanism is responsible for triggering inflammatory responses in primary mouse macrophages. Overall, iRhom2 binds to TACE throughout its lifecycle, implying that iRhom2 is a primary regulator of stimulated cytokine and growth factor signalling. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.23968.001 Injury or infection can cause tissues in the body to become inflamed. The immune system triggers this inflammation to help repair the injury or fight the infection. A signal molecule known as TNF – which is produced by immune cells called macrophages – triggers inflammation. This protein is normally attached to the surface of the macrophage, and it only activates inflammation once it has been cut free. An enzyme called TACE cuts and releases TNF from the surface of macrophages. This enzyme is made inside the cell and is then transported to the surface. On the way, TACE matures from an inactive form to a fully functional enzyme. Previous work revealed that a protein called iRhom2 controls TACE maturation, but it has been unclear whether iRhom2 affects TACE in any additional ways. Grieve et al. studied the relationship between iRhom2 and TACE in more detail. The experiments show two new roles for iRhom2: in protecting TACE from being destroyed at the cell surface, and prompting TACE to release TNF to trigger inflammation. Injury or infection causes small molecules called phosphate groups to be attached to iRhom2 in macrophages, which causes TACE to release TNF. The findings of Grieve et al. provide the first evidence that iRhom2 influences the activity of TACE throughout the enzyme’s lifetime. Excessive inflammation, often triggered by the uncontrolled release of TNF, can lead to rheumatoid arthritis, cancer and many other diseases. Therefore, iRhom2 could be a promising new target for anti-inflammatory drugs that may help to treat these conditions. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.23968.002
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Graham Grieve
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Hongmei Xu
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ulrike Künzel
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Bambrough
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Boris Sieber
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Freeman
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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89
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Fine Tuning Cell Migration by a Disintegrin and Metalloproteinases. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:9621724. [PMID: 28260841 PMCID: PMC5316459 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9621724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell migration is an instrumental process involved in organ development, tissue homeostasis, and various physiological processes and also in numerous pathologies. Both basic cell migration and migration towards chemotactic stimulus consist of changes in cell polarity and cytoskeletal rearrangement, cell detachment from, invasion through, and reattachment to their neighboring cells, and numerous interactions with the extracellular matrix. The different steps of immune cell, tissue cell, or cancer cell migration are tightly coordinated in time and place by growth factors, cytokines/chemokines, adhesion molecules, and receptors for these ligands. This review describes how a disintegrin and metalloproteinases interfere with several steps of cell migration, either by proteolytic cleavage of such molecules or by functions independent of proteolytic activity.
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90
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Li X, Maretzky T, Perez-Aguilar JM, Monette S, Weskamp G, Le Gall S, Beutler B, Weinstein H, Blobel CP. Structural modeling defines transmembrane residues in ADAM17 that are crucial for Rhbdf2-ADAM17-dependent proteolysis. J Cell Sci 2017; 130:868-878. [PMID: 28104813 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.196436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17) controls the release of the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα, also known as TNF) and is crucial for protecting the skin and intestinal barrier by proteolytic activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ligands. The seven-membrane-spanning protein called inactive rhomboid 2 (Rhbdf2; also known as iRhom2) is required for ADAM17-dependent TNFα shedding and crosstalk with the EGFR, and a point mutation (known as sinecure, sin) in the first transmembrane domain (TMD) of Rhbdf2 (Rhbdf2sin) blocks TNFα shedding, yet little is known about the underlying mechanism. Here, we used a structure-function analysis informed by structural modeling to evaluate the interaction between the TMD of ADAM17 and the first TMD of Rhbdf2, and the role of this interaction in Rhbdf2-ADAM17-dependent shedding. Moreover, we show that double mutant mice that are homozygous for Rhbdf2sin/sin and lack Rhbdf1 closely resemble Rhbdf1/2-/- double knockout mice, highlighting the severe functional impact of the Rhbdf2sin/sin mutation on ADAM17 during mouse development. Taken together, these findings provide new mechanistic and conceptual insights into the critical role of the TMDs of ADAM17 and Rhbdf2 in the regulation of the ADAM17 and EGFR, and ADAM17 and TNFα signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Li
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA.,Dept. of Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Thorsten Maretzky
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Jose Manuel Perez-Aguilar
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA.,IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York, NY 10598, USA
| | - Sébastien Monette
- Tri-Institutional Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Sloan-Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10021 USA
| | - Gisela Weskamp
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Sylvain Le Gall
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Bruce Beutler
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Harel Weinstein
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Carl P Blobel
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA .,Dept. of Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA.,Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA.,Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University Munich, Garching 85748, Germany
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91
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van der Vorst EPC, Zhao Z, Rami M, Holdt LM, Teupser D, Steffens S, Weber C. Contrasting effects of myeloid and endothelial ADAM17 on atherosclerosis development. Thromb Haemost 2016; 117:644-646. [PMID: 28004058 DOI: 10.1160/th16-09-0674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emiel P C van der Vorst
- Dr. Emiel P. C. van der Vorst, Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Pettenkoferstrasse 9, 80336 Munich, Germany, Tel. +49 89 4400 54633, Fax: + 49 89 4400 54352, E-mail:
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Christian Weber
- Univ.-Prof. Dr. med. Christian Weber, Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Pettenkoferstrasse 9, 80336 Munich, Germany, Tel. +49 89 4400 54633, Fax: + 49 89 4400 54352, E-mail:
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92
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Xu J, Mukerjee S, Silva-Alves CRA, Carvalho-Galvão A, Cruz JC, Balarini CM, Braga VA, Lazartigues E, França-Silva MS. A Disintegrin and Metalloprotease 17 in the Cardiovascular and Central Nervous Systems. Front Physiol 2016; 7:469. [PMID: 27803674 PMCID: PMC5067531 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
ADAM17 is a metalloprotease and disintegrin that lodges in the plasmatic membrane of several cell types and is able to cleave a wide variety of cell surface proteins. It is somatically expressed in mammalian organisms and its proteolytic action influences several physiological and pathological processes. This review focuses on the structure of ADAM17, its signaling in the cardiovascular system and its participation in certain disorders involving the heart, blood vessels, and neural regulation of autonomic and cardiovascular modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxi Xu
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Snigdha Mukerjee
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans, LA, USA
| | | | | | - Josiane C Cruz
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal da Paraíba João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Camille M Balarini
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Valdir A Braga
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal da Paraíba João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Eric Lazartigues
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans, LA, USA
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93
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Qing X, Rogers L, Mortha A, Lavin Y, Redecha P, Issuree PD, Maretzky T, Merad M, McIlwain D, Mak TW, Overall CM, Blobel CP, Salmon JE. iRhom2 regulates CSF1R cell surface expression and non-steady state myelopoiesis in mice. Eur J Immunol 2016; 46:2737-2748. [PMID: 27601030 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201646482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
CSF1R (colony stimulating factor 1 receptor) is the main receptor for CSF1 and has crucial roles in regulating myelopoeisis. CSF1R can be proteolytically released from the cell surface by ADAM17 (A disintegrin and metalloprotease 17). Here, we identified CSF1R as a major substrate of ADAM17 in an unbiased degradomics screen. We explored the impact of CSF1R shedding by ADAM17 and its upstream regulator, inactive rhomboid protein 2 (iRhom2, gene name Rhbdf2), on homeostatic development of mouse myeloid cells. In iRhom2-/- mice, we found constitutive accumulation of membrane-bound CSF1R on myeloid cells at steady state, although cell numbers of these populations were not altered. However, in the context of mixed bone marrow (BM) chimera, under competitive pressure, iRhom2-/- BM progenitor-derived monocytes, tissue macrophages and lung DCs showed a repopulation advantage over those derived from wild-type (WT) BM progenitors, suggesting enhanced CSF1R signaling in the absence of iRhom2. In vitro experiments indicate that iRhom2-/- Lin- SCA-1+ c-Kit+ (LSKs) cells, but not granulocyte-macrophage progenitors (GMPs), had faster growth rates than WT cells in response to CSF1. Our results shed light on an important role of iRhom2/ADAM17 pathway in regulation of CSF1R shedding and repopulation of monocytes, macrophages and DCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Qing
- Program in Inflammation and Autoimmunity, Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 71 St., New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Lindsay Rogers
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Arthur Mortha
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute and the Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York 10029, USA
| | - Yonit Lavin
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute and the Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York 10029, USA
| | - Patricia Redecha
- Program in Inflammation and Autoimmunity, Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 71 St., New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Priya D Issuree
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Thorsten Maretzky
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Miriam Merad
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute and the Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York 10029, USA
| | - David McIlwain
- Baxter Laboratory in Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Tak W Mak
- Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Christopher M Overall
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Carl P Blobel
- Department of Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York 10021, USA.,Department of Physiology, Systems Biology and Biophysics, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York 10021, USA
| | - Jane E Salmon
- Program in Inflammation and Autoimmunity, Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 71 St., New York, NY 10021, USA.,Department of Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York 10021, USA
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94
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Abstract
Seven ligands bind to and activate the mammalian epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR/ERBB1/HER1): EGF, transforming growth factor-alpha (TGFA), heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HBEGF), betacellulin (BTC), amphiregulin (AREG), epiregulin (EREG), and epigen (EPGN). Of these, EGF, TGFA, HBEGF, and BTC are thought to be high-affinity ligands, whereas AREG, EREG, and EPGN constitute low-affinity ligands. This focused review is meant to highlight recent studies related to actions of the individual EGFR ligands, the interesting biology that has been uncovered, and relevant advances related to ligand interactions with the EGFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhuminder Singh
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Graham Carpenter
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Robert J Coffey
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA; Veterans Health Administration, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, 37212, USA
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95
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Dreymueller D, Ludwig A. Considerations on inhibition approaches for proinflammatory functions of ADAM proteases. Platelets 2016; 28:354-361. [PMID: 27460023 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2016.1203396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Proteases of the disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM) family mediate the proteolytic shedding of various surface molecules including cytokine precursors, adhesion molecules, growth factors, and receptors. Within the vasculature ADAM10 and ADAM17 regulate endothelial permeability, transendothelial leukocyte migration, and the adhesion of leukocytes and platelets. In vivo studies show that both proteases are implicated in several inflammatory pathologies, for example, edema formation, leukocyte infiltration, and thrombosis. However, both proteases also contribute to developmental and regenerative processes. Thus, although ADAMs can be regarded as valuable drug targets in many aspects, the danger of severe side effects is clearly visible. To circumvent these side effects, traditional inhibition approaches have to be improved to target ADAMs at the right time in the right place. Moreover, the inhibitors need to be more selective for the target protease and if possible also for the substrate. Antibodies recognizing the active conformation of ADAMs or small molecules blocking exosites of ADAM proteases may represent inhibitors with the desired selectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Dreymueller
- a Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology , RWTH Aachen University , Aachen , Germany
| | - Andreas Ludwig
- a Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology , RWTH Aachen University , Aachen , Germany
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96
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Abstract
Whilst significant effort has been focused on development of tools and approaches to clinically modulate activation processes that consume platelets, the platelet receptors that initiate activation processes remain untargeted. The modulation of receptor levels is also linked to underlying platelet aging processes which influence normal platelet lifespan and also the functionality and survival of stored platelets that are used in transfusion. In this review, we will focus on platelet adhesion receptors initiating thrombus formation, and discuss how regulation of levels of these receptors impact platelet function and platelet survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert K Andrews
- a Australian Centre for Blood Diseases , Monash University , Melbourne , Australia
| | - Elizabeth E Gardiner
- b Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, John Curtin School of Medical Research , Australian National University , Canberra , Australia
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97
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Lemberg MK, Adrain C. Inactive rhomboid proteins: New mechanisms with implications in health and disease. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2016; 60:29-37. [PMID: 27378062 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 06/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Rhomboids, proteases containing an unusual membrane-integral serine protease active site, were first identified in Drosophila, where they fulfill an essential role in epidermal growth factor receptor signaling, by cleaving membrane-tethered growth factor precursors. It has recently become apparent that eukaryotic genomes harbor conserved catalytically inactive rhomboid protease homologs, including derlins and iRhoms. Here we highlight how loss of proteolytic activity was followed in evolution by impressive functional diversification, enabling these pseudoproteases to fulfill crucial roles within the secretory pathway, including protein degradation, trafficking regulation, and inflammatory signaling. We distil the current understanding of the roles of rhomboid pseudoproteases in development and disease. Finally, we address mechanistically how versatile features of proteolytically active rhomboids have been elaborated to serve the sophisticated functions of their pseudoprotease cousins. By comparing functional and structural clues, we highlight common principles shared by the rhomboid superfamily, and make mechanistic predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius K Lemberg
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Allianz, Im Neuenheimer Feld 282, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Colin Adrain
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande 6, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal.
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98
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Abstract
Here, I take a somewhat personal perspective on signalling control, focusing on the rhomboid-like superfamily of proteins that my group has worked on for almost 20 years. As well as describing some of the key and recent advances, I attempt to draw out signalling themes that emerge. One important message is that the genetic and biochemical perspective on signalling has tended to underplay the importance of cell biology. There is clear evidence that signalling pathways exploit the control of intracellular trafficking, protein quality control and degradation and other cell biological phenomena, as important regulatory opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Freeman
- Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, OX1 3RE, U.K.
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99
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Matthews AL, Noy PJ, Reyat JS, Tomlinson MG. Regulation of A disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM) family sheddases ADAM10 and ADAM17: The emerging role of tetraspanins and rhomboids. Platelets 2016; 28:333-341. [PMID: 27256961 PMCID: PMC5490636 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2016.1184751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
A disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM) 10 and ADAM17 are ubiquitous transmembrane “molecular scissors” which proteolytically cleave, or shed, the extracellular regions of other transmembrane proteins. ADAM10 is essential for development because it cleaves Notch proteins to induce Notch signaling and regulate cell fate decisions. ADAM17 is regarded as a first line of defense against injury and infection, by releasing tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) to promote inflammation and epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor ligands to maintain epidermal barrier function. However, the regulation of ADAM10 and ADAM17 trafficking and activation are not fully understood. This review will describe how the TspanC8 subgroup of tetraspanins (Tspan5, 10, 14, 15, 17, and 33) and the iRhom subgroup of protease-inactive rhomboids (iRhom1 and 2) have emerged as important regulators of ADAM10 and ADAM17, respectively. In particular, they are required for the enzymatic maturation and trafficking to the cell surface of the ADAMs, and there is evidence that different TspanC8s and iRhoms target the ADAMs to distinct substrates. The TspanC8s and iRhoms have not been studied functionally on platelets. On these cells, ADAM10 is the principal sheddase for the platelet collagen receptor GPVI, and the regulatory TspanC8s are Tspan14, 15, and 33, as determined from proteomic data. Platelet ADAM17 is the sheddase for the von Willebrand factor (vWF) receptor GPIb, and iRhom2 is the only iRhom that is expressed. Induced shedding of either GPVI or GPIb has therapeutic potential, since inhibition of either receptor is regarded as a promising anti-thrombotic therapy. Targeting of Tspan14, 15, or 33 to activate platelet ADAM10, or iRhom2 to activate ADAM17, may enable such an approach to be realized, without the toxic side effects of activating the ADAMs on every cell in the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra L Matthews
- a School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
| | - Peter J Noy
- a School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
| | - Jasmeet S Reyat
- a School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
| | - Michael G Tomlinson
- a School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
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Sommer A, Kordowski F, Büch J, Maretzky T, Evers A, Andrä J, Düsterhöft S, Michalek M, Lorenzen I, Somasundaram P, Tholey A, Sönnichsen FD, Kunzelmann K, Heinbockel L, Nehls C, Gutsmann T, Grötzinger J, Bhakdi S, Reiss K. Phosphatidylserine exposure is required for ADAM17 sheddase function. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11523. [PMID: 27161080 PMCID: PMC4866515 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
ADAM17, a prominent member of the 'Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase' (ADAM) family, controls vital cellular functions through cleavage of transmembrane substrates. Here we present evidence that surface exposure of phosphatidylserine (PS) is pivotal for ADAM17 to exert sheddase activity. PS exposure is tightly coupled to substrate shedding provoked by diverse ADAM17 activators. PS dependency is demonstrated in the following: (a) in Raji cells undergoing apoptosis; (b) in mutant PSA-3 cells with manipulatable PS content; and (c) in Scott syndrome lymphocytes genetically defunct in their capacity to externalize PS in response to intracellular Ca(2+) elevation. Soluble phosphorylserine but not phosphorylcholine inhibits substrate cleavage. The isolated membrane proximal domain (MPD) of ADAM17 binds to PS but not to phosphatidylcholine liposomes. A cationic PS-binding motif is identified in this domain, replacement of which abrogates liposome-binding and renders the protease incapable of cleaving its substrates in cells. We speculate that surface-exposed PS directs the protease to its targets where it then executes its shedding function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anselm Sommer
- Department of Dermatology, University of Kiel, Schittenhelmstrasse 7, Kiel 24105, Germany
| | - Felix Kordowski
- Department of Dermatology, University of Kiel, Schittenhelmstrasse 7, Kiel 24105, Germany
| | - Joscha Büch
- Department of Dermatology, University of Kiel, Schittenhelmstrasse 7, Kiel 24105, Germany
| | - Thorsten Maretzky
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, Hospital for Special Surgery at Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York 10021, USA
| | - Astrid Evers
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, Hospital for Special Surgery at Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York 10021, USA
| | - Jörg Andrä
- Hamburg University of Applied Science, Ulmenliet 20, Hamburg 21033, Germany
| | - Stefan Düsterhöft
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Kiel, Olshausenstrasse 40, Kiel 24098, Germany
| | - Matthias Michalek
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Kiel, Olshausenstrasse 40, Kiel 24098, Germany
| | - Inken Lorenzen
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Kiel, Olshausenstrasse 40, Kiel 24098, Germany
| | - Prasath Somasundaram
- Division of Systematic Proteome Research and Bioanalytics, Institute for Experimental Medicine, University of Kiel, Kiel 24105, Germany
| | - Andreas Tholey
- Division of Systematic Proteome Research and Bioanalytics, Institute for Experimental Medicine, University of Kiel, Kiel 24105, Germany
| | - Frank D Sönnichsen
- Otto Diels Institute for Organic Chemistry, University of Kiel, Kiel 24118, Germany
| | - Karl Kunzelmann
- Physiological Institute, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | - Lena Heinbockel
- Forschungszentrum Borstel, Leibniz-Zentrum für Medizin and Biowissenschaften, Borstel 23845, Germany
| | - Christian Nehls
- Forschungszentrum Borstel, Leibniz-Zentrum für Medizin and Biowissenschaften, Borstel 23845, Germany
| | - Thomas Gutsmann
- Forschungszentrum Borstel, Leibniz-Zentrum für Medizin and Biowissenschaften, Borstel 23845, Germany
| | - Joachim Grötzinger
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Kiel, Olshausenstrasse 40, Kiel 24098, Germany
| | - Sucharit Bhakdi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Kiel, Schittenhelmstrasse 7, Kiel 24105, Germany
| | - Karina Reiss
- Department of Dermatology, University of Kiel, Schittenhelmstrasse 7, Kiel 24105, Germany
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