51
|
Biomimetic Aspects of Oral and Dentofacial Regeneration. Biomimetics (Basel) 2020; 5:biomimetics5040051. [PMID: 33053903 PMCID: PMC7709662 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics5040051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomimetic materials for hard and soft tissues have advanced in the fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine in dentistry. To examine these recent advances, we searched Medline (OVID) with the key terms “biomimetics”, “biomaterials”, and “biomimicry” combined with MeSH terms for “dentistry” and limited the date of publication between 2010–2020. Over 500 articles were obtained under clinical trials, randomized clinical trials, metanalysis, and systematic reviews developed in the past 10 years in three major areas of dentistry: restorative, orofacial surgery, and periodontics. Clinical studies and systematic reviews along with hand-searched preclinical studies as potential therapies have been included. They support the proof-of-concept that novel treatments are in the pipeline towards ground-breaking clinical therapies for orofacial bone regeneration, tooth regeneration, repair of the oral mucosa, periodontal tissue engineering, and dental implants. Biomimicry enhances the clinical outcomes and calls for an interdisciplinary approach integrating medicine, bioengineering, biotechnology, and computational sciences to advance the current research to clinics. We conclude that dentistry has come a long way apropos of regenerative medicine; still, there are vast avenues to endeavour, seeking inspiration from other facets in biomedical research.
Collapse
|
52
|
Doghri I, Portier E, Desriac F, Zhao JM, Bazire A, Dufour A, Rochette V, Sablé S, Lanneluc I. Anti-Biofilm Activity of a Low Weight Proteinaceous Molecule from the Marine Bacterium Pseudoalteromonas sp. IIIA004 against Marine Bacteria and Human Pathogen Biofilms. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E1295. [PMID: 32854286 PMCID: PMC7563690 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8091295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudoalteromonas bacteria are known as potential bioactive metabolite producers. Because of the need to obtain natural molecules inhibiting the bacterial biofilms, we investigated the biofilm inhibitory activity of the marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas sp. IIIA004 against the pioneer surface colonizer Roseovarius sp. VA014. The anti-biofilm activity from the culture supernatant of Pseudoalteromonas sp. IIIA004 (SNIIIA004) was characterized in microtiter plates (static conditions/polystyrene surface) and in flow cell chambers (dynamic conditions/glass surface). The Pseudoalteromonas exoproducts exhibited an inhibition of Roseovarius sp. VA014 biofilm formation as well as a strong biofilm dispersion, without affecting the bacterial growth. Microbial adhesion to solvent assays showed that SNIIIA004 did not change the broad hydrophilic and acid character of the Roseovarius strain surface. Bioassay-guided purification using solid-phase extraction and C18 reverse-phase-high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) was performed from SNIIIA004 to isolate the proteinaceous active compound against the biofilm formation. This new anti-biofilm low weight molecule (< 3kDa), named P004, presented a wide spectrum of action on various bacterial biofilms, with 71% of sensitive strains including marine bacteria and human pathogens. Pseudoalteromonas sp. IIIA004 is a promising source of natural anti-biofilm compounds that combine several activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ibtissem Doghri
- LIENSs UMR 7266 CNRS-Université La Rochelle, Université de La Rochelle, 17000 La Rochelle, France; (I.D.); (E.P.); (J.M.Z.); (V.R.); (S.S.)
| | - Emilie Portier
- LIENSs UMR 7266 CNRS-Université La Rochelle, Université de La Rochelle, 17000 La Rochelle, France; (I.D.); (E.P.); (J.M.Z.); (V.R.); (S.S.)
| | - Florie Desriac
- LBCM EA3884, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Université de Bretagne-Sud, 56100 Lorient, France; (F.D.); (A.B.); (A.D.)
| | - Jean Michel Zhao
- LIENSs UMR 7266 CNRS-Université La Rochelle, Université de La Rochelle, 17000 La Rochelle, France; (I.D.); (E.P.); (J.M.Z.); (V.R.); (S.S.)
| | - Alexis Bazire
- LBCM EA3884, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Université de Bretagne-Sud, 56100 Lorient, France; (F.D.); (A.B.); (A.D.)
| | - Alain Dufour
- LBCM EA3884, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Université de Bretagne-Sud, 56100 Lorient, France; (F.D.); (A.B.); (A.D.)
| | - Vincent Rochette
- LIENSs UMR 7266 CNRS-Université La Rochelle, Université de La Rochelle, 17000 La Rochelle, France; (I.D.); (E.P.); (J.M.Z.); (V.R.); (S.S.)
| | - Sophie Sablé
- LIENSs UMR 7266 CNRS-Université La Rochelle, Université de La Rochelle, 17000 La Rochelle, France; (I.D.); (E.P.); (J.M.Z.); (V.R.); (S.S.)
| | - Isabelle Lanneluc
- LIENSs UMR 7266 CNRS-Université La Rochelle, Université de La Rochelle, 17000 La Rochelle, France; (I.D.); (E.P.); (J.M.Z.); (V.R.); (S.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Muhammad MH, Idris AL, Fan X, Guo Y, Yu Y, Jin X, Qiu J, Guan X, Huang T. Beyond Risk: Bacterial Biofilms and Their Regulating Approaches. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:928. [PMID: 32508772 PMCID: PMC7253578 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 288] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial biofilms are complex surface attached communities of bacteria held together by self-produced polymer matrixs mainly composed of polysaccharides, secreted proteins, and extracellular DNAs. Bacterial biofilm formation is a complex process and can be described in five main phases: (i) reversible attachment phase, where bacteria non-specifically attach to surfaces; (ii) irreversible attachment phase, which involves interaction between bacterial cells and a surface using bacterial adhesins such as fimbriae and lipopolysaccharide (LPS); (iii) production of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) by the resident bacterial cells; (iv) biofilm maturation phase, in which bacterial cells synthesize and release signaling molecules to sense the presence of each other, conducing to the formation of microcolony and maturation of biofilms; and (v) dispersal/detachment phase, where the bacterial cells depart biofilms and comeback to independent planktonic lifestyle. Biofilm formation is detrimental in healthcare, drinking water distribution systems, food, and marine industries, etc. As a result, current studies have been focused toward control and prevention of biofilms. In an effort to get rid of harmful biofilms, various techniques and approaches have been employed that interfere with bacterial attachment, bacterial communication systems (quorum sensing, QS), and biofilm matrixs. Biofilms, however, also offer beneficial roles in a variety of fields including applications in plant protection, bioremediation, wastewater treatment, and corrosion inhibition amongst others. Development of beneficial biofilms can be promoted through manipulation of adhesion surfaces, QS and environmental conditions. This review describes the events involved in bacterial biofilm formation, lists the negative and positive aspects associated with bacterial biofilms, elaborates the main strategies currently used to regulate establishment of harmful bacterial biofilms as well as certain strategies employed to encourage formation of beneficial bacterial biofilms, and highlights the future perspectives of bacterial biofilms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tianpei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops & Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences & College of Plant Protection & International College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Yuan J, Ma J, Sun Y, Zhou T, Zhao Y, Yu F. Microbial degradation and other environmental aspects of microplastics/plastics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 715:136968. [PMID: 32014782 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic (MP) pollution is a significant environmental concern due to the persistence of MPs and their potential adverse effects on biota. Most scientific studies have examined the distribution, ingestion, fate, behavior, amount, and effect of MPs. However, few studies have described the development of methods for the removal and remediation of MPs. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the recent literature regarding the microbial-mediated degradation of MPs and discuss the associated degradation characteristics and mechanisms. Different types and combinations of microorganisms, such as bacteria, fungi, bacterial consortia, and biofilms, that can degrade different MPs are categorized. This article summarizes approximately 50 recent papers. Twelve and 6 papers reported that bacteria and fungi, respectively, can degrade MPs. Nine articles indicated that bacterial consortia have the ability to degrade MPs, and 6 articles found that biofilms can also utilize MPs. Furthermore, to evaluate their associated degradation effects, the corresponding structural changes (i.e., macro size, surface morphology, and functional groups) in MPs after microbial degradation are examined. In addition, MP biodegradation is affected by microbial characteristics and environmental factors; therefore, the environmental factors (i.e., temperature, pH and strain activity) influencing MP degradation and the associated degradation effects (i.e., weight loss, degradation rate, and molecular weight change) are generalized. Furthermore, the mechanisms associated with the microbial-mediated degradation of MPs are briefly discussed. Finally, prospects for the degradation of MPs using microbes and future research directions are envisioned. This review provides the first systematic summary of the microbial-mediated degradation of MPs and provides a reference for future studies investigating effective means of MP pollution control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Yuan
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, PR China; Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Jie Ma
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Research Center for Environmental Functional Materials, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Yiran Sun
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Tao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Youcai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Fei Yu
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Flemming HC. Biofouling and me: My Stockholm syndrome with biofilms. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 173:115576. [PMID: 32044598 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Biofouling is the undesired deposition and growth of microorganisms on surfaces, forming biofilms. The definition is subjective and operational: not every biofilm causes biofouling - only if a given a subjective "threshold of interference" is exceeded, biofilms cause technical or medical problems. These range from the formation of slime layers on ship hulls or in pipelines, which increase friction resistance, to separation membranes, on which biofilms increase hydraulic resistance, to heat exchangers where they interfere with heat transport to contamination of treated water by eroded biofilm cells which may comprise hygienically relevant microorganisms, and, most dangerous, to biofilms on implants and catheters which can cause persistent infections. The largest fraction of anti-fouling research, usually in short-term experiments, is focused on prevention or limiting primary microbial adhesion. Intuitively, this appears only logical, but turns out mostly hopeless. This is because in technical systems with open access for microorganisms, all surfaces are colonized sooner or later which explains the very limited success of that research. As a result, the use of biocides remains the major tool to fight persistent biofilms. However, this is costly in terms of biocides, it stresses working materials, causes off-time and environmental damage and it usually leaves large parts of biofilms in place, ready for regrowth. In order to really solve biofouling problems, it is necessary to learn how to live with biofilms and mitigate their detrimental effects. This requires rather an integrated strategy than aiming to invent "one-shot" solutions. In this context, it helps to understand the biofilm way of life as a natural phenomenon. Biofilms are the oldest, most successful and most widely distributed form of life on earth, existing even in extreme environments and being highly resilient. Microorganisms in biofilms live in a self-produced matrix of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) which allows them to develop emerging properties such as enhanced nutrient acquisition, synergistic microconsortia, enhanced tolerance to biocides and antibiotics, intense intercellular communication and cooperation. Transiently immobilized, biofilm organisms turn their matrix into an external digestion system by retaining complexed exoenzymes in the matrix. Biofilms grow even on traces of any biodegradable material, therefore, an effective anti-fouling strategy comprises to keep the system low in nutrients (good housekeeping), employing low-fouling, easy-to-clean surfaces, monitoring of biofilm development, allowing for early intervention, and acknowledging that cleaning can be more important than trying to kill biofilms, because cleaning does not cut the nutrient supply of survivors and dead biomass serves as an additional carbon source for "cannibalizing" survivors, supporting rapid after growth. An integrated concept is presented as the result of a long journey of the author through biofouling problems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Curt Flemming
- Water Academy, Schloss-Strasse 40, D-88045, Friedrichshafen, Germany; Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE), 60 Nanyang Drive, 637551, Singapore; Biofilm Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, 45141, Essen, Germany; IWW Water Centre, Moritzstrasse 26, 45476, Muelheim, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Cacabelos E, Ramalhosa P, Canning-Clode J, Troncoso JS, Olabarria C, Delgado C, Dobretsov S, Gestoso I. The Role of Biofilms Developed under Different Anthropogenic Pressure on Recruitment of Macro-Invertebrates. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062030. [PMID: 32188145 PMCID: PMC7139543 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial biofilms can be key mediators for settlement of macrofoulers. The present study examines the coupled effects of microbial biofilms and local environmental conditions on the composition, structure and functioning of macrofouling assemblages. Settlement of invertebrates over a gradient of human-impacted sites was investigated on local biofilms and on biofilms developed in marine protected areas (MPAs). Special attention was given to the presence of non-indigenous species (NIS), a global problem that can cause important impacts on local assemblages. In general, the formation of macrofouling assemblages was influenced by the identity of the biofilm. However, these relationships varied across levels of anthropogenic pressure, possibly influenced by environmental conditions and the propagule pressure locally available. While the NIS Watersipora subatra seemed to be inhibited by the biofilm developed in the MPA, Diplosoma cf. listerianum seemed to be attracted by biofilm developed in the MPA only under mid anthropogenic pressure. The obtained information is critical for marine environmental management, urgently needed for the establishment of prevention and control mechanisms to minimize the settlement of NIS and mitigate their threats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Cacabelos
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Agência Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investigação Tecnologia e Inovação (ARDITI), Edifício Madeira Tecnopolo, Piso 0, Caminho da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - Patrício Ramalhosa
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Agência Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investigação Tecnologia e Inovação (ARDITI), Edifício Madeira Tecnopolo, Piso 0, Caminho da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
- OMM—Oceanic Observatory of Madeira, Agência Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investigação Tecnologia e Inovação, Edifício Madeira Tecnopolo, Piso 0, Caminho da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
| | - João Canning-Clode
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Agência Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investigação Tecnologia e Inovação (ARDITI), Edifício Madeira Tecnopolo, Piso 0, Caminho da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, 647 Contees Wharf Road, Edgewater, MD 21037, USA
| | - Jesús S. Troncoso
- Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Universidade de Vigo, Campus As Lagoas-Marcosende, E-36310 Vigo, Galicia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Marina, CIM Universidade de Vigo, Illa de Toralla, E-36331 Vigo, Galicia, Spain
| | - Celia Olabarria
- Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Universidade de Vigo, Campus As Lagoas-Marcosende, E-36310 Vigo, Galicia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Marina, CIM Universidade de Vigo, Illa de Toralla, E-36331 Vigo, Galicia, Spain
| | - Cristina Delgado
- Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Universidade de Vigo, Campus As Lagoas-Marcosende, E-36310 Vigo, Galicia, Spain
| | - Sergey Dobretsov
- Department of Marine Science and Fisheries, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman
- Center of Excellence in Marine Biotechnology, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman
| | - Ignacio Gestoso
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Agência Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investigação Tecnologia e Inovação (ARDITI), Edifício Madeira Tecnopolo, Piso 0, Caminho da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, 647 Contees Wharf Road, Edgewater, MD 21037, USA
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Etha SA, Sivasankar VS, Sachar HS, Das S. Coating for preventing nonspecific adhesion mediated biofouling in salty systems: Effect of the electrostatic and van der waals interactions. Electrophoresis 2020; 41:657-665. [PMID: 32092163 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201900348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Development of anti-biofouling coating has attracted immense attention for reducing the massively detrimental effects of biofouling in systems ranging from ship hulls and surgical instruments to catheters, implants, and stents. In this paper, we propose a model to quantify the role of electrostatic and van der Waals (vdW) forces in dictating the efficacy of dielectric coating for preventing the nonspecific adhesion mediated biofouling in salty systems. The model considers a generic charged lipid-bilayer encapsulated vesicle-like structure representing the bio-organism. Also, we consider the fouling caused by the nonspecific adhesion of the bio-organism on the substrate, without accounting for the explicit structures (e.g., pili, appendages) or conditions (e.g., surface adhesins secreted by the organisms) involved in the adhesion of specific microorganism. The model is tested by considering the properties of actual coating materials and biofouling causing microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, algae). Results show that while the electrostatic-vdW effect can be significant in anti-biofouling action for cases where the salt concentration is relatively low (e.g., saline solution for surgical instruments), it might not be effective for marine environment where the salt concentration is much higher. The findings, therefore, point to a hitherto unexplored driving mechanism of anti-biofouling action of the coating. Such an identification will also enable the appropriate choices of the coating materials (e.g., possible dielectric material with volume charge) and other system parameters (e.g., salinity of the solution for storing the surgical instruments) that will significantly improve the efficiency of the coatings in preventing the nonspecific adhesion mediated biofouling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sai Ankit Etha
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | | | - Harnoor Singh Sachar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Siddhartha Das
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Microbial Colonization in Marine Environments: Overview of Current Knowledge and Emerging Research Topics. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse8020078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Microbial biofilms are biological structures composed of surface-attached microbial communities embedded in an extracellular polymeric matrix. In aquatic environments, the microbial colonization of submerged surfaces is a complex process involving several factors, related to both environmental conditions and to the physical-chemical nature of the substrates. Several studies have addressed this issue; however, more research is still needed on microbial biofilms in marine ecosystems. After a brief report on environmental drivers of biofilm formation, this study reviews current knowledge of microbial community attached to artificial substrates, as obtained by experiments performed on several material types deployed in temperate and extreme polar marine ecosystems. Depending on the substrate, different microbial communities were found, sometimes highlighting the occurrence of species-specificity. Future research challenges and concluding remarks are also considered. Emphasis is given to future perspectives in biofilm studies and their potential applications, related to biofouling prevention (such as cell-to-cell communication by quorum sensing or improved knowledge of drivers/signals affecting biological settlement) as well as to the potential use of microbial biofilms as sentinels of environmental changes and new candidates for bioremediation purposes.
Collapse
|
59
|
Dobretsov S, Rittschof D. Love at First Taste: Induction of Larval Settlement by Marine Microbes. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030731. [PMID: 31979128 PMCID: PMC7036896 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine biofilms are composed of many species of bacteria, unicellular algae, and protozoa. Biofilms can induce, inhibit, or have no effect on settlement of larvae and spores of algae. In this review, we focus on induction of larval settlement by marine bacteria and unicellular eukaryotes and review publications from 2010 to September 2019. This review provides insights from meta-analysis on what is known about the effect of marine biofilms on larval settlement. Of great interest is the impact of different components of marine biofilms, such as bacteria and diatoms, extracellular polymeric substances, quorum sensing signals, unique inductive compounds, exoenzymes, and structural protein degradation products on larval settlement and metamorphosis. Molecular aspects of larval settlement and impact of climate change are reviewed and, finally, potential areas of future investigations are provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Dobretsov
- Centre of Excellence in Marine Biotechnology, Sultan Qaboos University, Al Khoud 123 P.O. Box 50, Muscat 123, Oman
- Department of Marine Science and Fisheries, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al Khoud 123 P.O. Box 34, Muscat 123, Oman
- Correspondence:
| | - Daniel Rittschof
- Marine Science and Conservation, Marine Laboratory, Nicholas School, Duke University, 135 Duke Marine Lab Road, Beaufort, NC 28516, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Aljumaily MM, Alsaadi MA, Binti Hashim NA, Mjalli FS, Alsalhy QF, Khan AL, Al-Harrasi A. Superhydrophobic nanocarbon-based membrane with antibacterial characteristics. Biotechnol Prog 2020; 36:e2963. [PMID: 31943942 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
To overcome the biofouling challenge which faces membrane water treatment processed, the novel superhydrophobic carbon nanomaterials impregnated on/powder activated carbon (CNMs/PAC) was utilized to successfully design prepare an antimicrobial membrane. The research was conducted following a systematic statistical design of experiments technique considering various parameters of composite membrane fabrication. The impact of these parameters of composite membrane on Staphylococcus aureus growth was investigated. The bacteria growth was analyzed through spectrophotometer and SEM. The effect of CNMs' hydrophobicity on the bacterial colonies revealed a decrease in the abundance of bacterial colonies and an alteration in structure with increasing the hydrophobicity. The results revealed that the optimum preparative conditions for carbon loading CNMs/PAC was 363.04 mg with a polymer concentration of 22.64 g/100 g, and a casting knife thickness of 133.91 μm. These conditions have resulted in decreasing the number of bacteria colonies to about 7.56 CFU. Our results provided a strong evidence on the antibacterial effect and consequently on the antibiofouling potential of CNMs/PAC in membrane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammed A Alsaadi
- National Chair of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | | | - Farouq S Mjalli
- Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Qusay F Alsalhy
- Membrane Technology Research Unit, Chemical Engineering Department, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Abdul L Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Superhydrophobic copper in biological liquids: Antibacterial activity and microbiologically induced or inhibited corrosion. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 185:110622. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
62
|
Abstract
The significance of symbioses between eukaryotic hosts and microbes extends from the organismal to the ecosystem level and underpins the health of Earth’s most threatened marine ecosystems. Despite rapid growth in research on host-associated microbes, from individual microbial symbionts to host-associated consortia of significantly relevant taxa, little is known about their interactions with the vast majority of marine host species. We outline research priorities to strengthen our current knowledge of host–microbiome interactions and how they shape marine ecosystems. We argue that such advances in research will help predict responses of species, communities, and ecosystems to stressors driven by human activity and inform future management strategies. The significance of symbioses between eukaryotic hosts and microbes extends from the organismal to the ecosystem level and underpins the health of Earth’s most threatened marine ecosystems. This Perspective article outlines research priorities to strengthen our current knowledge of host-microbiome interactions, to help predict responses to anthropogenic stressors and to inform future management strategies.
Collapse
|
63
|
Agostini VO, Macedo AJ, Muxagata E, Pinho GLL. Surface coatings select their micro and macrofouling communities differently on steel. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 254:113086. [PMID: 31479812 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown the effect of surface coatings on biofouling; however, they did not take into account the interaction of the micro and macrofouling communities, the effect of substrate orientation and the zooplankton-zoobenthic coupling together. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Zn- and Cu2O-based coatings on micro and macrofouling on steel surfaces, while also observing the role of substrate orientation and zooplankton supply. An experiment was carried out in the Patos Lagoon Estuary in southern Brazil for three months between spring and summer, where ASTM-36 steel plates represented different coatings (Zn- and/or Cu2O-based) and orientations (vertical and horizontal). To assess the zooplankton supply, sampling was carried out weekly using a 200 μm plankton net. Zn-based coating positively affected microfouling density compared to uncoated surfaces. The same pattern was observed with macrofouling, associated with vagile fauna preference, which represented 70% of the settled macrofoulers. Cu2O-based antifouling painted surfaces showed the highest microfouling density inhibition, while Zn + Cu2O-based coating did not affect the bacteria adhesion but showed lower density compared to Zn-based coating alone. The coatings combination showed the highest invertebrate inhibition. In this way, the macrofouling community was more sensitive than microfouling was to the antifouling coatings tested. The substrate orientation only affected macrofouling, horizontal surfaces being more attractive than vertical. Meroplankton, tychoplankton and holoplankton were recorded on the surfaces, although their representation in plankton was not proportional to the recruits recorded on the substrates. This was probably due to fast dispersion, the interactions of other factors and/or ecological succession stage. Surface coating, substrate orientation, and zooplankton supply interacted with the biofouling process on steel in different ways depending on the organism evaluated. Therefore, copper oxide- and zinc-based coatings were not suitable as coatings to avoid the total biofouling establishment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Ochi Agostini
- Laboratório de Microcontaminantes Orgânicos e Ecotoxicologia Aquática - Instituto de Oceanografia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Programa de Pós-graduação em Oceanologia (PPGO), Caixa Postal, 474, CEP: 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Post-Doctoral Fellow - Programa Nacional de Pós-Doutorado da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (PNPD-CAPES), Brazil.
| | - Alexandre José Macedo
- Laboratório de Biofilmes e Diversidade Microbiana - Faculdade de Farmácia e Centro de Biotecnologia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular (PPGBCM), Av. Ipiranga, 2752, Bairro Azenha, 90610-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Erik Muxagata
- Laboratório de Zooplâncton - Instituto de Oceanografia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Programa de Pós-graduação em Oceanografia Biológica (PPGOB), Caixa Postal, 474, CEP: 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Grasiela Lopes Leães Pinho
- Laboratório de Microcontaminantes Orgânicos e Ecotoxicologia Aquática - Instituto de Oceanografia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Programa de Pós-graduação em Oceanologia (PPGO), Caixa Postal, 474, CEP: 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Ye L, Chen F, Liu J, Gao A, Kircher G, Liu W, Kappl M, Wegner S, Butt HJ, Steffen W. Responsive Ionogel Surface with Renewable Antibiofouling Properties. Macromol Rapid Commun 2019; 40:e1900395. [PMID: 31507007 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201900395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of ionogels with a responsive, self-replenishing surface for combating biofouling is described. Ionogels are prepared by infiltrating poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) with binary mixtures of ionic liquids (IL): 1-octadecyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethyl sulfonyl)imide ([C18 C1 im][NTf2 ], melting point Tm = 55 °C) and 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethyl sulfonyl)imide ([C6 C1 im][NTf2 ], Tm = -9 °C). The IL mixtures release spontaneously from the gel matrix and eventually crystallize on the surface. This leads to self-replenishment of the surface of ionogels even after mechanical damage. The incorporation of [C6 C1 im][NTf2 ] provides the antimicrobial efficacy of ionogels while the crystals of [C18 C1 im][NTf2 ] serve as a skeleton maintaining [C6 C1 im][NTf2 ] on the surface. By heating, the ionogel surface transforms from solid to liquid-infused state-the removal of biofilms/bacteria developed under a long time of colonization is facilitated. The antimicrobial efficacy is maintained even after several cycles of biofilm formation and detachment. This work provides an opportunity to apply ionogels as functional coatings with renewable antibiofouling properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Ye
- Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Fei Chen
- Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jie Liu
- Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Aiting Gao
- Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Gunnar Kircher
- Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Wendong Liu
- Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Michael Kappl
- Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Seraphine Wegner
- Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hans-Jürgen Butt
- Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Werner Steffen
- Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Puglisi MP, Sneed JM, Ritson-Williams R, Young R. Marine chemical ecology in benthic environments. Nat Prod Rep 2019; 36:410-429. [PMID: 30264841 DOI: 10.1039/c8np00061a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Covering: Most of 2013 up to the end of 2015 This review highlights the 2013-2015 marine chemical ecology literature for benthic bacteria and cyanobacteria, macroalgae, sponges, cnidarians, molluscs, other benthic invertebrates, and fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melany P Puglisi
- Chicago State University, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
66
|
Quorum Sensing Inhibition by Marine Bacteria. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17070427. [PMID: 31340463 PMCID: PMC6669520 DOI: 10.3390/md17070427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance has been increasingly reported for a wide variety of bacteria of clinical significance. This widespread problem constitutes one of the greatest challenges of the twenty-first century. Faced with this issue, clinicians and researchers have been persuaded to design novel strategies in order to try to control pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, the discovery and elucidation of the mechanisms underlying bacterial pathogenesis and intercellular communication have opened new perspectives for the development of alternative approaches. Antipathogenic and/or antivirulence therapies based on the interruption of quorum sensing pathways are one of several such promising strategies aimed at disarming rather than at eradicating bacterial pathogens during the course of colonization and infection. This review describes mechanisms of bacterial communication involved in biofilm formation. An overview of the potential of marine bacteria and their bioactive components as QS inhibitors is further provided.
Collapse
|
67
|
Antunes J, Leão P, Vasconcelos V. Marine biofilms: diversity of communities and of chemical cues. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2019; 11:287-305. [PMID: 30246474 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.12694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Surfaces immersed in seawater are rapidly colonized by various microorganisms, resulting in the formation of heterogenic marine biofilms. These communities are known to influence the settlement of algae spores and invertebrate larvae, triggering a succession of fouling events, with significant environmental and economic impacts. This review covers recent research regarding the differences in composition of biofilms isolated from different artificial surface types and the influence of environmental factors on their formation. One particular phenomenon - bacterial quorum sensing (QS) - allows bacteria to coordinate swarming, biofilm formation among other phenomena. Some other marine biofilm chemical cues are believed to modulate the settlement and the succession of macrofouling organisms, and they are also reviewed here. Finally, since the formation of a marine biofilm is considered to be an initial, QS-dependent step in the development of marine fouling events, QS inhibition is discussed on its potential as a tool for antibiofouling control in marine settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Antunes
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Av. General Norton de Matos, s/n 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 4069-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Leão
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Av. General Norton de Matos, s/n 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 4069-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Vitor Vasconcelos
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Av. General Norton de Matos, s/n 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 4069-007, Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Abed RMM, Al Fahdi D, Muthukrishnan T. Short-term succession of marine microbial fouling communities and the identification of primary and secondary colonizers. BIOFOULING 2019; 35:526-540. [PMID: 31216872 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2019.1622004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Microbial succession during the initial stages of marine biofouling has been rarely studied, especially in the Arabian Gulf. This study was undertaken to follow temporal shifts in biofouling communities in order to identify primary and secondary colonizers. Quantitative analysis revealed a significant increase in total biomass, coverage of macrofoulers, chlorophyll a concentrations, and bacterial counts with time. The relative abundance of the adnate diatoms increased with time, whereas it decreased in the case of the plocon diatoms. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) ordination based on MiSeq data placed the bacterial communities in three distinct clusters, depending on the time of sampling. While the relative abundance of Alphaproteobacteria and Flavobacteriia decreased with time, suggesting their role as primary colonizers, the relative abundance of Actinobacteria and Planctomycetia increased with time, suggesting their role as secondary colonizers. Biofouling is a dynamic process that involves temporal quantitative and qualitative shifts in the micro- and macrofouling communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raeid M M Abed
- Biology Department, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University , Al Khoud , Sultanate of Oman
| | - Dhikra Al Fahdi
- Biology Department, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University , Al Khoud , Sultanate of Oman
| | | |
Collapse
|
69
|
Dobretsov S, Coutinho R, Rittschof D, Salta M, Ragazzola F, Hellio C. The oceans are changing: impact of ocean warming and acidification on biofouling communities. BIOFOULING 2019; 35:585-595. [PMID: 31282218 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2019.1624727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Climate change (CC) is driving modification of the chemical and physical properties of estuaries and oceans with profound consequences for species and ecosystems. Numerous studies investigate CC effects from species to ecosystem levels, but little is known of the impacts on biofilm communities and on bioactive molecules such as cues, adhesives and enzymes. CC is induced by anthropogenic activity increasing greenhouse emissions leading to rises in air and water temperatures, ocean acidification, sea level rise and changes in ocean gyres and rainfall patterns. These environmental changes are resulting in alterations within marine communities and changes in species ranges and composition. This review provides insights and synthesis of knowledge about the effect of elevated temperature and ocean acidification on microfouling communities and bioactive molecules. The existing studies suggest that CC will impact production of bioactive compounds as well as the growth and composition of biofouling communities. Undoubtedly, with CC fouling management will became an even greater challenge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Dobretsov
- Marine Science and Fisheries Department, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University , Sultanate of Oman
- Centre of Excellence in Marine Biotechnology, Sultan Qaboos University , Sultanate of Oman
| | - Ricardo Coutinho
- Instituto de Estudos do Mar Almirante Paulo Moreira , Praia dos Anjos, Arraial do Cabo , RJ , Brazil
| | - Daniel Rittschof
- Nicholas School, Duke University Marine Laboratory , Beaufort USA
| | - Maria Salta
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Portsmouth , Portsmouth , UK
| | - Federica Ragazzola
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Portsmouth , Portsmouth , UK
| | - Claire Hellio
- Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Envionnement Marin (LEMAR), Université de Brest, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer , Plouzané , France
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Jagannathan R. Characterization of Drug-like Chemical Space for Cytotoxic Marine Metabolites Using Multivariate Methods. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:5402-5411. [PMID: 31179404 PMCID: PMC6550442 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
In the last few decades, marine metabolites have been exploited to find commercially viable products in several areas. In this article, molecular descriptors [log P, mass, total polar surface area (TPSA), H-bond donor, H-bond acceptor, and the number of rotatable bonds] for the marine-derived cytotoxic metabolites were calculated and compared with marketed anticancer drugs to understand their position in the drug-like space. Marine-based cytotoxic metabolites are divided into highly toxic (HT) and moderately toxic (MT) classes. The marketed anticancer drugs complied well with Lipinski's rule of five for all molecular descriptors. The majority of HT and MT metabolites complied solely with H-bond donors and a number of rotatable bonds with the Lipinski cutoff values. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) were also performed using 73 molecular descriptors on an ensemble of highly cytotoxic or moderately cytotoxic marine metabolites and the marketed reference drugs. The HCA results showed that 12% of marine metabolites clustered with the marketed anticancer drugs and many of them had structural scaffold homology. The PCA results revealed the presence of a clear distinction between the cytotoxic marine metabolites and the marketed anticancer drugs. Results indicate that mass, TPSA, and log P are the vital parameters and the careful optimization of these parameters for marine cytotoxic metabolites may generate more meaningful anticancer candidates in the future.
Collapse
|
71
|
Chemical Defence of a Seagrass against Microfoulers and Its Seasonal Dynamics. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9061258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
In marine environments bacterial microfoulers are an important determinant for the settlement of algal and animal macrofoulers. At the same time fouling is usually subject to seasonal fluctuation. Additionally, the seagrass Zostera marina is prone to microfouling, although this marine spermatophyte is known to be chemically defended against bacterial settlers. Spermatophytes are often capable of induced or activated defences against biological enemies such as pathogens or herbivores, but it is still unknown whether they can fine-tune their antifouling-defence according to settlement pressure. We therefore assessed the seasonality of bacterial settlement pressure, defence against microsettlers and concentrations of a previously identified defence compound, rosmarinic acid, on surfaces of Z. marina. All examined variables peaked in summer, while they tended to be lower in spring and autumn. The seasonality of defence activity and rosmarinic acid surface concentration was positively correlated with the seasonal fluctuation of fouling pressure, which suggests that Z. marina can adjust its defence level to the relatively high bacterial fouling pressure in summer. Besides of biotic factors the seasonal change of environmental factors, such as nitrogen supply, and in particular temperature, also affected the defence level, either directly or through indirect effects on the microbial settlers.
Collapse
|
72
|
Liang X, Peng LH, Zhang S, Zhou S, Yoshida A, Osatomi K, Bellou N, Guo XP, Dobretsov S, Yang JL. Polyurethane, epoxy resin and polydimethylsiloxane altered biofilm formation and mussel settlement. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 218:599-608. [PMID: 30502698 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.11.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In many environments, biofilms are a major mode and an emergent form of microbial life. Biofilms play crucial roles in biogeochemical cycling and invertebrate recruitment in marine environments. However, relatively little is known about how marine biofilms form on different substrata and about how these biofilms impact invertebrate recruitment. Here, we performed a comparative analysis of a 28-day-old biofilm community on non-coated (a control glass) and coated substrata (polyurethane (PU), epoxy resin (EP) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)) and examined the settlement of Mytilus coruscus plantigrades on these biofilms. PU, EP and PDMS deterred the development of marine biofilms by reducing the biofilm biomass including the biofilm dry weight, cell density of the bacteria and diatoms and chlorophyll a concentrations. Further analysis of bacterial community revealed that EP altered the bacterial community composition compared with that on the glass substrata by reducing the relative abundance of Ruegeria (Alphaproteobacteria) and by increasing the relative abundance of Methylotenera (Betaproteobacteria) and Cyanobacteria in the biofilms. However, bacterial communities developed on PU and PDMS, as well as glass and PU, EP and PDMS did not exhibit differences from each other. The M. coruscus settlement rates on biofilms on PU, EP and PDMS were reduced by 20-41% compared with those on the glass after 28 days. Thus, the tested coatings impacted the development of marine biofilms by altering the biofilm biomass and/or the bacterial community composition. The mussel settlements decreased in the biofilms that formed on the coatings compared with those on non-coated glass.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Hua Peng
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuxue Zhou
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Advanced Coatings Research Center of Ministry of Education of China, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Asami Yoshida
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Osatomi
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Nikoleta Bellou
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Oceanography, Athens, Greece
| | - Xing-Pan Guo
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Sergey Dobretsov
- Department of Marine Science and Fisheries, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman; Center of Excellence in Marine Biotechnology, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.
| | - Jin-Long Yang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Guibert I, Bonnard I, Pochon X, Zubia M, Sidobre C, Lecellier G, Berteaux-Lecellier V. Differential effects of coral-giant clam assemblages on biofouling formation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2675. [PMID: 30804382 PMCID: PMC6389951 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39268-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
To prevent the settlement and/or the growth of fouling organisms (i.e. bacteria, fungi or microalgae), benthic sessile species have developed various defense mechanisms among which the production of chemical molecules. While studies have mostly focused on the release of chemical compounds by single species, there exist limited data on multi-species assemblages. We used an integrative approach to explore the potential interactive effects of distinct assemblages of two corals species and one giant clam species on biofouling appearance and composition. Remarkably, we found distinct biofouling communities suggesting the importance of benthic sessile assemblages in biofouling control. Moreover, the assemblage of 3 species led to an inhibition of biofouling, likely through a complex of secondary metabolites. Our results highlight that through their different effect on their near environment, species assemblages might be of upmost importance for their survival and therefore, should now be taken into account for sustainable management of coral reefs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isis Guibert
- Sorbonne Université, Collège Doctoral, F-75005, paris, France.
- USR3278 PSL CRIOBE CNRS-EPHE-UPVD, LabEx CORAIL, Papetoai, Moorea, French Polynesia.
- UMR250/9220 ENTROPIE IRD-CNRS-UR, LabEx CORAIL, Promenade Roger-Laroque, Noumea cedex, New Caledonia, France.
| | - Isabelle Bonnard
- USR3278 PSL CRIOBE CNRS-EPHE-UPVD, LabEx CORAIL, Université de Perpignan, 58 avenue Paul Alduy, 66860, Perpignan, France
| | - Xavier Pochon
- Coastal and Freshwater Group, Cawthron Institute, Private Bag 2, Nelson, 7042, New Zealand
- Institute of Marine Science, University of Auckland, Private Bag 349, Warkworth, 0941, New Zealand
| | - Mayalen Zubia
- University of French Polynesia, UMR-241 Ecosystèmes Insulaires Océaniens, BP 6570, 98702, Faa'a, Tahiti, French Polynesia
| | - Christine Sidobre
- USR3278 PSL CRIOBE CNRS-EPHE-UPVD, LabEx CORAIL, Papetoai, Moorea, French Polynesia
| | - Gaël Lecellier
- UMR250/9220 ENTROPIE IRD-CNRS-UR, LabEx CORAIL, Promenade Roger-Laroque, Noumea cedex, New Caledonia, France
- Université de Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, 45 avenue des Etats-Unis, Versailles Cedex, France
| | - Véronique Berteaux-Lecellier
- USR3278 PSL CRIOBE CNRS-EPHE-UPVD, LabEx CORAIL, Papetoai, Moorea, French Polynesia
- UMR250/9220 ENTROPIE IRD-CNRS-UR, LabEx CORAIL, Promenade Roger-Laroque, Noumea cedex, New Caledonia, France
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Antunes J, Pereira S, Ribeiro T, Plowman JE, Thomas A, Clerens S, Campos A, Vasconcelos V, Almeida JR. A Multi-Bioassay Integrated Approach to Assess the Antifouling Potential of the Cyanobacterial Metabolites Portoamides. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E111. [PMID: 30759807 PMCID: PMC6410096 DOI: 10.3390/md17020111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The cyclic peptides portoamides produced by the cyanobacterium Phormidium sp. LEGE 05292 were previously isolated and their ability to condition microcommunities by allelopathic effect was described. These interesting bioactive properties are, however, still underexplored as their biotechnological applications may be vast. This study aims to investigate the antifouling potential of portoamides, given that a challenge in the search for new environmentally friendly antifouling products is to find non-toxic natural alternatives with the ability to prevent colonization of different biofouling species, from bacteria to macroinvertebrates. A multi-bioassay approach was applied to assess portoamides antifouling properties, marine ecotoxicity and molecular mode of action. Results showed high effectiveness in the prevention of mussel larvae settlement (EC50 = 3.16 µM), and also bioactivity towards growth and biofilm disruption of marine biofouling bacterial strains, while not showing toxicity towards both target and non-target species. Antifouling molecular targets in mussel larvae include energy metabolism modifications (failure in proton-transporting ATPases activity), structural alterations of the gills and protein and gene regulatory mechanisms. Overall, portoamides reveal a broad-spectrum bioactivity towards diverse biofouling species, including a non-toxic and reversible effect towards mussel larvae, showing potential to be incorporated as an active ingredient in antifouling coatings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Antunes
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, P 4069-007 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Sandra Pereira
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Tiago Ribeiro
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | | | - Ancy Thomas
- AgResearch Ltd., 1365 Springs Rd, Lincoln 7674, New Zealand.
| | - Stefan Clerens
- AgResearch Ltd., 1365 Springs Rd, Lincoln 7674, New Zealand.
- Biomolecular Interaction Centre, University of Canterbury, Christchurch P 8140, New Zealand.
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North P 4442, New Zealand.
| | - Alexandre Campos
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Vitor Vasconcelos
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, P 4069-007 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Joana R Almeida
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Heidarian S, Mohammadipanah F, Maghsoudlou A, Dashti Y, Challis GL. Anti-microfouling Activity of Glycomyces sediminimaris UTMC 2460 on Dominant Fouling Bacteria of Iran Marine Habitats. Front Microbiol 2019; 9:3148. [PMID: 30687240 PMCID: PMC6333643 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.03148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Discovery of environmentally safe anti-fouling agent is currently of considerable interest, due to the continuous impact of biofoulers on the marine habitats and the adverse effects of biocides on the environment. This study reports the anti-adhesion effect of marine living Actinobacteria against fouling strains isolated from submerged panels in marine environments of Iran. The extract of Glycomyces sediminimaris UTMC 2460 affected the biofilm formation of Kocuria sp. and Mesorhizobium sp., as the dominant fouling agents in this ecosystem, up to 93.2% and 71.4%, respectively. The metabolic activity of the fouler bacteria was reduced by the extract up to 17 and 9%, respectively. This indicated the bactericidal potency of the extract on cells in the biofilm state that enables the compound to be effective even once the biofilms are established in addition to the inhibition of biofilm initiation. Moreover, extra polymeric substance (EPS) production by fouling bacteria was reduced by 60-70%. The absence of activities against fouling bacteria in suspension and also the absence of toxic effect on Artemia salina showed the harmless ecological effect of the anti-microfouling extract on the prokaryotic and eukaryotic microflora of the studied Iran marine ecosystem. Metabolic profiling of G. sediminimaris UTMC 2460 revealed the presence of compounds with molecular formulae matching those of known anti-fouling diketopiperazines as major components of the extract. These results suggest that the extract of Glycomyces sediminimaris UTMC 2460 could be used as a potentially eco-friendly viable candidate in comparison to the synthetic common commercial anti-microfouling material to prevent the fouling process in marine habitats of Iran.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheida Heidarian
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mohammadipanah
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolvahab Maghsoudlou
- Ocean Science Research Center, Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yousef Dashti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Gregory L. Challis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
- Warwick Integrative Synthetic Biology Centre, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Lawes JC, Clark GF, Johnston EL. Disentangling settlement responses to nutrient-rich contaminants: Elevated nutrients impact marine invertebrate recruitment via water-borne and substrate-bound cues. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 645:984-992. [PMID: 30248885 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic contaminants, including nutrient enrichment, frequently alter environmental conditions in marine systems and affect the development of communities on hard-substrata. Biofilms can influence the settlement of marine invertebrates and hence impact on the structure of fouling communities. Few studies have examined bacteria, invertebrates and nutrient-rich contaminants in concert, with none yet to examine the effects of nutrient-rich contaminants on both biofilms and the recruitment of sessile invertebrate communities in-situ to ascertain the mechanistic basis behind observed impacts. Biofilm treatments were allowed to develop under manipulated environmental conditions of either ambient or enriched nutrient levels. Enrichment conditions were elevated via slow-release fertiliser and invertebrate recruitment was prevented during initial biofilm development. Biofilm treatments (including a no film control) were then subject to either ambient or enriched water-borne nutrients (in a fully-factorial design) during a period of invertebrate colonisation in the field. Effects of nutrient-rich contaminants on invertebrate recruitment were observed as changes to community composition and the abundances of taxonomic groups. Communities on no biofilm control treatments differed from those with pre-developed biofilms. Naturally developed biofilms promoted recruitment by all organisms, except barnacles, which preferred nutrient-enriched biofilms. Water-borne nutrients increased the recruitment of ascidians and barnacles, but suppressed bryozoan, serpulid polychaete and sponge recruitment. The direct and indirect impacts observed on biofilm and invertebrate communities suggest that increasing nutrient levels via nutrient-rich contaminants will result in structural community shifts that may ultimately impact ecosystem functioning within estuaries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin C Lawes
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia; Sydney Institute of Marine Science, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Graeme F Clark
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia; Sydney Institute of Marine Science, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Emma L Johnston
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia; Sydney Institute of Marine Science, New South Wales, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Oh JK, Yegin Y, Yang F, Zhang M, Li J, Huang S, Verkhoturov SV, Schweikert EA, Perez-Lewis K, Scholar EA, Taylor TM, Castillo A, Cisneros-Zevallos L, Min Y, Akbulut M. The influence of surface chemistry on the kinetics and thermodynamics of bacterial adhesion. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17247. [PMID: 30467352 PMCID: PMC6250697 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35343-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This work is concerned with investigating the effect of substrate hydrophobicity and zeta potential on the dynamics and kinetics of the initial stages of bacterial adhesion. For this purpose, bacterial pathogens Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli O157:H7 were inoculated on the substrates coated with thin thiol layers (i.e., 1-octanethiol, 1-decanethiol, 1-octadecanethiol, 16-mercaptohexadecanoic acid, and 2-aminoethanethiol hydrochloride) with varying hydrophobicity and surface potential. The time-resolved adhesion data revealed a transformation from an exponential dependence to a square root dependence on time upon changing the substrate from hydrophobic or hydrophilic with a negative zeta potential value to hydrophilic with a negative zeta potential for both pathogens. The dewetting of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) produced by E. coli O157:H7 was more noticeable on hydrophobic substrates, compared to that of S. aureus, which is attributed to the more amphiphilic nature of staphylococcal EPS. The interplay between the timescale of EPS dewetting and the inverse of the adhesion rate constant modulated the distribution of E. coli O157:H7 within microcolonies and the resultant microcolonial morphology on hydrophobic substrates. Observed trends in the formation of bacterial monolayers rather than multilayers and microcolonies rather than isolated and evenly spaced bacterial cells could be explained by a colloidal model considering van der Waals and electrostatic double-layer interactions only after introducing the contribution of elastic energy due to adhesion-induced deformations at intercellular and substrate-cell interfaces. The gained knowledge is significant in the context of identifying surfaces with greater risk of bacterial contamination and guiding the development of novel surfaces and coatings with superior bacterial antifouling characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Kyun Oh
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, USA
| | - Yagmur Yegin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, USA
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, USA
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio, 44325, USA
| | - Jingyu Li
- Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio, 44325, USA
| | - Shifeng Huang
- Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio, 44325, USA
| | | | - Emile A Schweikert
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, USA
| | - Keila Perez-Lewis
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, USA
| | - Ethan A Scholar
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, USA
| | - T Matthew Taylor
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, USA
| | - Alejandro Castillo
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, USA
| | - Luis Cisneros-Zevallos
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, USA
| | - Younjin Min
- Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio, 44325, USA.
| | - Mustafa Akbulut
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Pal S, Qureshi A, Purohit HJ. Intercepting signalling mechanism to control environmental biofouling. 3 Biotech 2018; 8:364. [PMID: 30105189 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1383-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofouling in environmental systems employs bacterial quorum sensing signals (autoinducers) and extracellular polymeric substances to onset the event. The present review has highlighted on the fundamental mechanisms behind biofilm formation over broad spectrum environmental niches especially membrane biofouling in water systems and consequent chances of pathogenic contamination leading to global economic loss. It has broadly discussed on bioelectrical signal (via, potassium gradient) and molecular signal (via, AHLs) mediated quorum sensing which help to propagate biofilm formation. The review has illustrated the potential of genomic intervention towards biofouled membrane microbial community and has uncovered possible features of biofilm microenvironment like quorum quenching bacteria, bioelectrical waves capture, siderophores arrest and surface modifications. Based on information, the concept of interception of quorum signals (AHLs) and bioelectrical signals (K+) by employing electro-modified (negative charges) membrane surface have been hypothesized in the present review to favour anti-biofouling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Smita Pal
- 1Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, Maharashtra 440020 India
- 2CSIR-Environmental Biotechnology and Genomics Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, Maharashtra 440020 India
| | - Asifa Qureshi
- 1Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, Maharashtra 440020 India
- 2CSIR-Environmental Biotechnology and Genomics Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, Maharashtra 440020 India
| | - Hemant J Purohit
- 2CSIR-Environmental Biotechnology and Genomics Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, Maharashtra 440020 India
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
Herget K, Frerichs H, Pfitzner F, Tahir MN, Tremel W. Functional Enzyme Mimics for Oxidative Halogenation Reactions that Combat Biofilm Formation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1707073. [PMID: 29920781 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201707073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Transition-metal oxide nanoparticles and molecular coordination compounds are highlighted as functional mimics of halogenating enzymes. These enzymes are involved in halometabolite biosynthesis. Their activity is based upon the formation of hypohalous acids from halides and hydrogen peroxide or oxygen, which form bioactive secondary metabolites of microbial origin with strong antibacterial and antifungal activities in follow-up reactions. Therefore, enzyme mimics and halogenating enzymes may be valuable tools to combat biofilm formation. Here, halogenating enzyme models are briefly described, enzyme mimics are classified according to their catalytic functions, and current knowledge about the settlement chemistry and adhesion of fouling organisms is summarized. Enzyme mimics with the highest potential are showcased. They may find application in antifouling coatings, indoor and outdoor paints, polymer membranes for water desalination, or in aquacultures, but also on surfaces for food packaging, door handles, hand rails, push buttons, keyboards, and other elements made of plastic where biofilms are present. The use of natural compounds, formed in situ with nontoxic and abundant metal oxide enzyme mimics, represents a novel and efficient "green" strategy to emulate and utilize a natural defense system for preventing bacterial colonization and biofilm growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karoline Herget
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Analytische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hajo Frerichs
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Analytische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Felix Pfitzner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Analytische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Muhammad Nawaz Tahir
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Analytische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Tremel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Analytische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
80
|
Ortiz R, Olsen S, Thormann E. Salt-Induced Control of the Grafting Density in Poly(ethylene glycol) Brush Layers by a Grafting-to Approach. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:4455-4464. [PMID: 29583002 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a method to obtain control of the grafting density during the formation of polymer brush layers by the grafting-to method of thiolated poly(ethylene glycol) onto gold is presented. The grafting density of the polymer chains was adjusted by adding Na2SO4 in concentrations between 0.2 and 0.9 M to the aqueous polymer solution during the grafting process. The obtained grafting densities ranged from 0.26 to 1.60 chains nm-2, as determined by surface plasmon resonance. The kinetics of the grafting process were studied in situ by a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation, and a mushroom to brush conformational transition was observed when the polymer was grafted in the presence of Na2SO4. The transition from mushroom to brush was only observed for long periods of grafting, highlighting the importance of time to obtain high grafting densities. Finally, the prepared brush layer with the highest grafting density showed high resistance to the adsorption of bovine serum albumin, while layers with a lower grafting density showed only limited resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Ortiz
- Department of Chemistry , Technical University of Denmark , 2800 Kgs. Lyngby , Denmark
| | | | - Esben Thormann
- Department of Chemistry , Technical University of Denmark , 2800 Kgs. Lyngby , Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
Zhang XY, Amin M, Xu XY, Qi SH. Antifouling Potentials and Metabolite Profiles of Two Marine-derived Fungal Isolates. Nat Prod Commun 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1801300411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracts of the culture broths of Aspergillus sydowii SCSIO 00305 and Penicillium chrysogenum SCSIO 00258 exhibited a relatively broad spectrum of antifouling activity against various biofoulers. The main chemical components of their bioactive fractions were analyzed and identified by LC-MS and from literature data. Two bioactive fractions comprised of 1α-methoxyroquefortine C, meleagrin, roquefortine C and isoroquefortine C exhibited more significant anti-barnacle activity than meleagrin in field bioassays, suggesting that the combination of different bioactive compounds could display a stronger antifouling activity than a single compound in the complicated marine ecological environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510301, Guangdong, China
| | - Muhammad Amin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510301, Guangdong, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xin-Ya Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510301, Guangdong, China
| | - Shu-Hua Qi
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510301, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
Microbial Diversity and Putative Opportunistic Pathogens in Dishwasher Biofilm Communities. Appl Environ Microbiol 2018; 84:AEM.02755-17. [PMID: 29330184 PMCID: PMC5812945 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02755-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Extreme habitats are not only limited to natural environments, but also exist in manmade systems, for instance, household appliances such as dishwashers. Limiting factors, such as high temperatures, high and low pHs, high NaCl concentrations, presence of detergents, and shear force from water during washing cycles, define microbial survival in this extreme system. Fungal and bacterial diversity in biofilms isolated from rubber seals of 24 different household dishwashers was investigated using next-generation sequencing. Bacterial genera such as Pseudomonas, Escherichia, and Acinetobacter, known to include opportunistic pathogens, were represented in most samples. The most frequently encountered fungal genera in these samples belonged to Candida, Cryptococcus, and Rhodotorula, also known to include opportunistic pathogenic representatives. This study showed how specific conditions of the dishwashers impact the abundance of microbial groups and investigated the interkingdom and intrakingdom interactions that shape these biofilms. The age, usage frequency, and hardness of incoming tap water of dishwashers had significant impact on bacterial and fungal community compositions. Representatives of Candida spp. were found at the highest prevalence (100%) in all dishwashers and are assumed to be one of the first colonizers in recently purchased dishwashers. Pairwise correlations in tested microbiomes showed that certain bacterial groups cooccur, as did the fungal groups. In mixed bacterial-fungal biofilms, early adhesion, contact, and interactions were vital in the process of biofilm formation, where mixed complexes of bacteria and fungi could provide a preliminary biogenic structure for the establishment of these biofilms. IMPORTANCE Worldwide demand for household appliances, such as dishwashers and washing machines, is increasing, as is the number of immunocompromised individuals. The harsh conditions in household dishwashers should prevent the growth of most microorganisms. However, our research shows that persisting polyextremotolerant groups of microorganisms in household appliances are well established under these unfavorable conditions and supported by the biofilm mode of growth. The significance of our research is in identifying the microbial composition of biofilms formed on dishwasher rubber seals, how diverse abiotic conditions affect microbiota, and which key microbial members were represented in early colonization and contamination of dishwashers, as these appliances can present a source of domestic cross-contamination that leads to broader medical impacts.
Collapse
|
83
|
von Ammon U, Wood SA, Laroche O, Zaiko A, Tait L, Lavery S, Inglis G, Pochon X. The impact of artificial surfaces on marine bacterial and eukaryotic biofouling assemblages: A high-throughput sequencing analysis. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 133:57-66. [PMID: 29229186 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Vessel hulls and underwater infrastructure can be severely impacted by marine biofouling. Knowledge on which abiotic conditions of artificial structures influence bacterial and eukaryotic community composition is limited. In this study, settlement plates with differing surface texture, orientation and copper-based anti-fouling coatings were deployed in a marina. After three months, biofouling samples were collected and bacterial and eukaryotic communities characterised using DNA metabarcoding. The copper anti-fouling coating treatments incurred the most significant compositional changes (p ≤ 0.001) within both domains. Bacterial diversity decreased, with Gammaproteobacteria becoming the dominant phylum. In contrast, protist diversity increased as well as opportunist nematodes and bryozoans; urochordates and molluscs became less abundant. Network analyses displayed complex relationships on untreated plates, while revealing a simpler, but disturbed and unstable community composition on the anti-fouling coated plates. These networks of copper treatments displayed opportunist taxa that appeared as key organisms in structuring the bacterial and eukaryotic communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ulla von Ammon
- Environmental Technologies, Coastal and Freshwater Group, Cawthron Institute, Private Bag 2, Nelson 7042, New Zealand; School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 349, Warkworth 0941, New Zealand.
| | - Susanna A Wood
- Environmental Technologies, Coastal and Freshwater Group, Cawthron Institute, Private Bag 2, Nelson 7042, New Zealand; Environmental Research Institute, University of Waikato, Private Bag 3105, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand
| | - Olivier Laroche
- Environmental Technologies, Coastal and Freshwater Group, Cawthron Institute, Private Bag 2, Nelson 7042, New Zealand; School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 349, Warkworth 0941, New Zealand
| | - Anastasija Zaiko
- Environmental Technologies, Coastal and Freshwater Group, Cawthron Institute, Private Bag 2, Nelson 7042, New Zealand; Institute of Marine Science, University of Auckland, Private Bag 349, Warkworth 0941, New Zealand
| | - Leigh Tait
- National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd, PO Box 8602, Riccarton, Christchurch 8440, New Zealand
| | - Shane Lavery
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 349, Warkworth 0941, New Zealand; Institute of Marine Science, University of Auckland, Private Bag 349, Warkworth 0941, New Zealand
| | - Graeme Inglis
- National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd, PO Box 8602, Riccarton, Christchurch 8440, New Zealand
| | - Xavier Pochon
- Environmental Technologies, Coastal and Freshwater Group, Cawthron Institute, Private Bag 2, Nelson 7042, New Zealand; Institute of Marine Science, University of Auckland, Private Bag 349, Warkworth 0941, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
Inoue Y, Takashima S, Nogata Y, Yoshimura E, Chiba K, Kitano Y. Isocyanides Derived from α,α-Disubstituted Amino Acids: Synthesis and Antifouling Activity Assessment. Chem Biodivers 2018; 15:e1700571. [PMID: 29381256 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201700571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we contribute to the development of environmentally friendly antifoulants by synthesizing eighteen isocyanides derived from α,α-disubstituted amino acids and evaluating their antifouling activity/toxicity against the cypris larvae of the Balanus amphitrite barnacle. Almost all isocyanides showed good antifouling activity without significant toxicity and exhibited EC50 values of 0.07 - 7.30 μg/mL after 120-h exposure. The lowest EC50 values were observed for valine-, methionine-, and phenylalanine-derived isocyanides, which achieved > 95% cypris larvae settlement inhibition at concentrations of less than 30 μg/mL without exhibiting significant toxicity. Thus, the prepared isocyanides should be useful for further research focused on the development of environmentally friendly antifouling agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Inoue
- Laboratory of Bio-organic Chemistry, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Shuhei Takashima
- Laboratory of Bio-organic Chemistry, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Nogata
- Environmental Science Research Laboratory, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, 1646 Abiko, Abiko-shi, Chiba, 270-1194, Japan
| | | | - Kazuhiro Chiba
- Laboratory of Bio-organic Chemistry, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Kitano
- Laboratory of Bio-organic Chemistry, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
Saha M, Goecke F, Bhadury P. Minireview: algal natural compounds and extracts as antifoulants. JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYCOLOGY 2017; 30:1859-1874. [PMID: 29899600 PMCID: PMC5982446 DOI: 10.1007/s10811-017-1322-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Marine biofouling is a paramount phenomenon in the marine environment and causes serious problems to maritime industries worldwide. Marine algae are known to produce a wide variety of chemical compounds with antibacterial, antifungal, antialgal, and anti-macrofouling properties, inhibiting the settlement and growth of other marine fouling organisms. Significant investigations and progress have been made in this field in the last two decades and several antifouling extracts and compounds have been isolated from micro- and macroalgae. In this minireview, we have summarized and evaluated antifouling compounds isolated and identified from macroalgae and microalgae between January 2010 and June 2016. Future directions for their commercialization through metabolic engineering and industrial scale up have been discussed. Upon comparing biogeographical regions, investigations from Southeast Asian waters were found to be rather scarce. Thus, we have also discussed the need to conduct more chemical ecology based research in relatively less explored areas with high algal biodiversity like Southeast Asia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahasweta Saha
- Benthic Ecology, Helmholtz Center for Ocean Research, Düsternbrooker weg, 24105 Kiel, Germany
- Present Address: School of Biological Science, University of Essex, Colchester, CO 43 SQ, UK
| | - Franz Goecke
- Department of Plant and Environmental Science (IPV), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Punyasloke Bhadury
- Integrative Taxonomy and Microbial Ecology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal 741246 India
| |
Collapse
|
86
|
Guan C, Parrot D, Wiese J, Sönnichsen FD, Saha M, Tasdemir D, Weinberger F. Identification of rosmarinic acid and sulfated flavonoids as inhibitors of microfouling on the surface of eelgrass Zostera marina. BIOFOULING 2017; 33:867-880. [PMID: 29032711 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2017.1383399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A bioassay-guided approach was used to identify defense compounds that are present on the surface of Zostera marina and which inhibit settlement of microfoulers at natural concentrations. Moderately polar eelgrass surface extracts inhibited the settlement of seven marine bacteria and one yeast that originated from non-living substrata. In contrast, five other bacterial strains that had been directly isolated from eelgrass surfaces were all insensitive, which suggested a selective effect of surface metabolites on the microbial communities present on eelgrass. Bioassay-guided isolation of active compounds from the extracts in combination with UPLC-MS and 1H-NMR spectroscopy resulted in the identification of rosmarinic acid, luteolin-7-sulfate and diosmetin-7-sulfate or its isomer chrysoeriol-7-sulfate. All three compounds are nontoxic repellents, as they did not inhibit bacterial growth, but prevented bacterial settlement in a dose-dependent manner. Between 15.6 and 106.8 μg ml-1 of rosmarinic acid were present on the eelgrass surface, enough for half maximal settlement inhibition of bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chi Guan
- a Research Unit Benthic Ecology , GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel , Kiel , Germany
| | - Delphine Parrot
- b Research Unit Marine Natural Products Chemistry , GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, GEOMAR Centre for Marine Biotechnology , Kiel , Germany
| | - Jutta Wiese
- c Research Unit Marine Microbiology , GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel , Kiel , Germany
| | - Frank D Sönnichsen
- d Otto-Diels-Institute für Organische Chemie , Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel , Kiel , Germany
| | - Mahasweta Saha
- a Research Unit Benthic Ecology , GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel , Kiel , Germany
- e School of Biological Science , Trace Gas Biology , Colchester , UK
| | - Deniz Tasdemir
- b Research Unit Marine Natural Products Chemistry , GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, GEOMAR Centre for Marine Biotechnology , Kiel , Germany
- f Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences , Christian-Albrechts-Universitätzu Kiel , Kiel , Germany
| | - Florian Weinberger
- a Research Unit Benthic Ecology , GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel , Kiel , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
Menesses M, Belden J, Dickenson N, Bird J. Measuring a critical stress for continuous prevention of marine biofouling accumulation with aeration. BIOFOULING 2017; 33:703-711. [PMID: 28868927 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2017.1359574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
When cleaning the hull of a ship, significant shear stresses are needed to remove established biofouling organisms. Given that there exists a link between the amount of time that fouling accumulates and the stress required to remove it, it is not surprising that more frequent grooming requires less shear stress. Yet, it is unclear if there is a minimum stress needed to prevent the growth of macrofouling in the limit of continuous grooming. This manuscript shows that single bubble stream aeration provides continuous grooming and prevents biofouling accumulation in regions where the average wall stress exceeds ~0.01 Pa. This value was found by comparing observations of biofouling growth from field studies with complementary laboratory measurements that probe the associated flow fields. These results suggest that aeration and other continuous grooming systems must exceed a wall stress of 0.01 Pa to prevent macrofouling accumulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Menesses
- a Department of Mechanical Engineering , Boston University , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Jesse Belden
- b Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Division Newport , Newport , RI , USA
| | - Natasha Dickenson
- b Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Division Newport , Newport , RI , USA
| | - James Bird
- a Department of Mechanical Engineering , Boston University , Boston , MA , USA
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
Ochi Agostini V, Ritter MDN, José Macedo A, Muxagata E, Erthal F. What determines sclerobiont colonization on marine mollusk shells? PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184745. [PMID: 28902894 PMCID: PMC5597280 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Empty mollusk shells may act as colonization surfaces for sclerobionts depending on the physical, chemical, and biological attributes of the shells. However, the main factors that can affect the establishment of an organism on hard substrates and the colonization patterns on modern and time-averaged shells remain unclear. Using experimental and field approaches, we compared sclerobiont (i.e., bacteria and invertebrate) colonization patterns on the exposed shells (internal and external sides) of three bivalve species (Anadara brasiliana, Mactra isabelleana, and Amarilladesma mactroides) with different external shell textures. In addition, we evaluated the influence of the host characteristics (mode of life, body size, color alteration, external and internal ornamentation and mineralogy) of sclerobionts on dead mollusk shells (bivalve and gastropod) collected from the Southern Brazilian coast. Finally, we compared field observations with experiments to evaluate how the biological signs of the present-day invertebrate settlements are preserved in molluscan death assemblages (incipient fossil record) in a subtropical shallow coastal setting. The results enhance our understanding of sclerobiont colonization over modern and paleoecology perspectives. The data suggest that sclerobiont settlement is enhanced by (i) high(er) biofilm bacteria density, which is more attracted to surfaces with high ornamentation; (ii) heterogeneous internal and external shell surface; (iii) shallow infaunal or attached epifaunal life modes; (iv) colorful or post-mortem oxidized shell surfaces; (v) shell size (<50 mm2 or >1,351 mm2); and (vi) calcitic mineralogy. Although the biofilm bacteria density, shell size, and texture are considered the most important factors, the effects of other covarying attributes should also be considered. We observed a similar pattern of sclerobiont colonization frequency over modern and paleoecology perspectives, with an increase of invertebrates occurring on textured bivalve shells. This study demonstrates how bacterial biofilms may influence sclerobiont colonization on biological hosts (mollusks), and shows how ecological relationships in marine organisms may be relevant for interpreting the fossil record of sclerobionts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Ochi Agostini
- Laboratório de Zooplâncton, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia Biológica, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Matias do Nascimento Ritter
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geociências, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Alexandre José Macedo
- Faculdade de Farmácia and Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Erik Muxagata
- Laboratório de Zooplâncton, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fernando Erthal
- Departamento de Paleontologia e Estratigrafia, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
Rampadarath S, Bandhoa K, Puchooa D, Jeewon R, Bal S. Early bacterial biofilm colonizers in the coastal waters of Mauritius. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2017.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
|
90
|
Wang KL, Wu ZH, Wang Y, Wang CY, Xu Y. Mini-Review: Antifouling Natural Products from Marine Microorganisms and Their Synthetic Analogs. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:E266. [PMID: 28846626 PMCID: PMC5618405 DOI: 10.3390/md15090266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofouling causes huge economic loss and generates serious ecological issues worldwide. Marine coatings incorporated with antifouling (AF) compounds are the most common practices to prevent biofouling. With a ban of organotins and an increase in the restrictions regarding the use of other AF alternatives, exploring effective and environmentally friendly AF compounds has become an urgent demand for marine coating industries. Marine microorganisms, which have the largest biodiversity, represent a rich and important source of bioactive compounds and have many medical and industrial applications. This review summarizes 89 natural products from marine microorganisms and 13 of their synthetic analogs with AF EC50 values ≤ 25 μg/mL from 1995 (the first report about marine microorganism-derived AF compounds) to April 2017. Some compounds with the EC50 values < 5 μg/mL and LC50/EC50 ratios > 50 are highlighted as potential AF compounds, and the preliminary analysis of structure-relationship (SAR) of these compounds is also discussed briefly. In the last part, current challenges and future research perspectives are proposed based on opinions from many previous reviews. To provide clear guidance for the readers, the AF compounds from microorganisms and their synthetic analogs in this review are categorized into ten types, including fatty acids, lactones, terpenes, steroids, benzenoids, phenyl ethers, polyketides, alkaloids, nucleosides and peptides. In addition to the major AF compounds which targets macro-foulers, this review also includes compounds with antibiofilm activity since micro-foulers also contribute significantly to the biofouling communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Ling Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266200, China.
| | - Ze-Hong Wu
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China.
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral research station, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Yu Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Chang-Yun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266200, China.
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Ying Xu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
Dahms HU, Dobretsov S. Antifouling Compounds from Marine Macroalgae. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:md15090265. [PMID: 28846625 PMCID: PMC5618404 DOI: 10.3390/md15090265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine macroalgae produce a wide variety of biologically-active metabolites that have been developed into commercial products, such as antibiotics, immunosuppressive, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic agents, and cosmetic products. Many marine algae remain clean over longer periods of time, suggesting their strong antifouling potential. Isolation of biogenic compounds and the determination of their structure could provide leads for the development of environmentally-friendly antifouling paints. Isolated substances with potent antifouling activity belong to fatty acids, lipopeptides, amides, alkaloids, lactones, steroids, terpenoids, and pyrroles. It is unclear as yet to what extent symbiotic microorganisms are involved in the synthesis of these compounds. Algal secondary metabolites have the potential to be produced commercially using genetic and metabolic engineering techniques. This review provides an overview of publications from 2010 to February 2017 about antifouling activity of green, brown, and red algae. Some researchers were focusing on antifouling compounds of brown macroalgae, while metabolites of green algae received less attention. Several studies tested antifouling activity against bacteria, microalgae and invertebrates, but in only a few studies was the quorum sensing inhibitory activity of marine macroalgae tested. Rarely, antifouling compounds from macroalgae were isolated and tested in an ecologically-relevant way.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hans Uwe Dahms
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Shin-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, No. 70, Lienhai Road, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
| | - Sergey Dobretsov
- Center of Excellence in Marine Biotechnology, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman.
- Department of Marine Science and Fisheries, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman.
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
Zeng Z, Guo XP, Cai X, Wang P, Li B, Yang JL, Wang X. Pyomelanin from Pseudoalteromonas lipolytica reduces biofouling. Microb Biotechnol 2017; 10:1718-1731. [PMID: 28834245 PMCID: PMC5658579 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.12773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Members of the marine bacterial genus Pseudoalteromonas are efficient producers of antifouling agents that exert inhibitory effects on the settlement of invertebrate larvae. The production of pigmented secondary metabolites by Pseudoalteromonas has been suggested to play a role in surface colonization. However, the physiological characteristics of the pigments produced by Pseudoalteromonas remain largely unknown. In this study, we identified and characterized a genetic variant that hyperproduces a dark‐brown pigment and was generated during Pseudoalteromonas lipolytica biofilm formation. Through whole‐genome resequencing combined with targeted gene deletion and complementation, we found that a point mutation within the hmgA gene, which encodes homogentisate 1,2‐dioxygenase, is solely responsible for the overproduction of the dark‐brown pigment pyomelanin. In P. lipolytica, inactivation of the hmgA gene led to the formation of extracellular pyomelanin and greatly reduced larval settlement and metamorphosis of the mussel Mytilus coruscus. Additionally, the extracted pyomelanin from the hmgA deletion mutant and the in vitro‐synthesized pyomelanin also reduced larval settlement and metamorphosis of M. coruscus, suggesting that extracellular pyomelanin released from marine Pseudoalteromonas biofilm can inhibit the settlement of fouling organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenshun Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xing-Pan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingsheng Cai
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pengxia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baiyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Long Yang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoxue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
Gewing MT, Shenkar N. Monitoring the magnitude of marine vessel infestation by non-indigenous ascidians in the Mediterranean. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 121:52-59. [PMID: 28552250 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Invasive ascidians (Chordata, Tunicata) are dominant nuisance organisms. The current study investigated the role of marine vessels in their dispersal and introduction. An examination of 45 dry-docked marine vessels, comprising recreational, commercial, and military craft, in five Israeli shipyards along the Mediterranean coast, revealed non-indigenous ascidians (NIA) on every second vessel investigated. Military vessels featured the highest ascidian abundance and richness, potentially related to their maintenance routine. Niche areas on the vessels such as sea chests and the propeller exhibited the highest occurrence of ascidians. Overall, these findings provide strong evidence that marine vessels play an acute role in NIA introduction and dispersal, with military vessels and niche areas on all the vessels being more susceptible to serving as vectors. A discovery of a new introduced species during the surveys suggests that the monitoring of marine vessels can serve as an effective tool for the early detection of NIA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mey-Tal Gewing
- Department of Zoology, Tel-Aviv University, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Science, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel.
| | - Noa Shenkar
- Department of Zoology, Tel-Aviv University, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Science, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel; The Steinhardt Museum of Natural History, Israel National Center for Biodiversity Studies, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Beleneva IA, Skriptsova AV, Svetashev VI. Characterization of biofilm-forming marine bacteria and their effect on attachment and germination of algal spores. Microbiology (Reading) 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261717030031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
|
95
|
Sweat LH, Swain GW, Hunsucker KZ, Johnson KB. Transported biofilms and their influence on subsequent macrofouling colonization. BIOFOULING 2017; 33:433-449. [PMID: 28508710 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2017.1320782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Biofilm organisms such as diatoms are potential regulators of global macrofouling dispersal because they ubiquitously colonize submerged surfaces, resist antifouling efforts and frequently alter larval recruitment. Although ships continually deliver biofilms to foreign ports, it is unclear how transport shapes biofilm microbial structure and subsequent macrofouling colonization. This study demonstrates that different ship hull coatings and transport methods change diatom assemblage composition in transported coastal marine biofilms. Assemblages carried on the hull experienced significant cell losses and changes in composition through hydrodynamic stress, whereas those that underwent sheltered transport, even through freshwater, were largely unaltered. Coatings and their associated biofilms shaped distinct macrofouling communities and affected recruitment for one third of all species, while biofilms from different transport treatments had little effect on macrofouling colonization. These results demonstrate that transport conditions can shape diatom assemblages in biofilms carried by ships, but the properties of the underlying coatings are mainly responsible for subsequent macrofouling. The methods by which organisms colonize and are transferred by ships have implications for their distribution, establishment and invasion success.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Holly Sweat
- a Department of Ocean Engineering and Sciences , Florida Institute of Technology , Melbourne , FL , USA
- c Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University , Fort Pierce , FL , USA
| | - Geoffrey W Swain
- b Center for Corrosion and Biofouling Control , Florida Institute of Technology , Melbourne , FL , USA
| | - Kelli Z Hunsucker
- b Center for Corrosion and Biofouling Control , Florida Institute of Technology , Melbourne , FL , USA
| | - Kevin B Johnson
- a Department of Ocean Engineering and Sciences , Florida Institute of Technology , Melbourne , FL , USA
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
Yang JL, Li YF, Liang X, Guo XP, Ding DW, Zhang D, Zhou S, Bao WY, Bellou N, Dobretsov S. Silver Nanoparticles Impact Biofilm Communities and Mussel Settlement. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37406. [PMID: 27869180 PMCID: PMC5116650 DOI: 10.1038/srep37406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) demonstrating good antimicrobial activity are widely used in many fields. However, the impact of AgNPs on the community structures of marine biofilms that drive biogeochemical cycling processes and the recruitment of marine invertebrate larvae remains unknown. Here, we employed MiSeq sequencing technology to evaluate the bacterial communities of 28-day-old marine biofilms formed on glass, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), and PDMS filled with AgNPs and subsequently tested the influence of these marine biofilms on plantigrade settlement by the mussel Mytilus coruscus. AgNP-filled PDMS significantly reduced the dry weight and bacterial density of biofilms compared with the glass and PDMS controls. AgNP incorporation impacted bacterial communities by reducing the relative abundance of Flavobacteriaceae (phylum: Bacteroidetes) and increasing the relative abundance of Vibrionaceae (phylum: Proteobacteria) in 28-day-old biofilms compared to PDMS. The settlement rate of M. coruscus on 28-day-old biofilms developed on AgNPs was lower by >30% compared to settlement on control biofilms. Thus, the incorporation of AgNPs influences biofilm bacterial communities in the marine environment and subsequently inhibits mussel settlement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Long Yang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Education, China.,Marine Ecology Research Center, The First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo, China
| | - Yi-Feng Li
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Xing-Pan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Education, China
| | - De-Wen Ding
- Marine Ecology Research Center, The First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao, China
| | - Demin Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo, China
| | - Shuxue Zhou
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Advanced Coatings Research Center of Ministry of Education of China, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Yang Bao
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Nikoleta Bellou
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Oceanography, Athens, Greece
| | - Sergey Dobretsov
- Department of Marine Science and Fisheries, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.,Center of Excellence in Marine Biotechnology, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
Guo R, Zhang Y, Duan D, Fu Q, Zhang X, Yu X, Wang S, Bao B, Wu W. Fibrinolytic Evaluation of Compounds Isolated from a Marine FungusStachybotrys longisporaFG216. CHINESE J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201600623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
98
|
Biofouling on Coated Carbon Steel in Cooling Water Cycles Using Brackish Seawater. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse4040074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
99
|
Fukuda T, Wagatsuma H, Kominami Y, Nogata Y, Yoshimura E, Chiba K, Kitano Y. Anti-barnacle Activity of Isocyanides Derived from Amino Acids. Chem Biodivers 2016; 13:1502-1510. [PMID: 27449975 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201600063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Creation of new potent antifouling active compounds is important for the development of environmentally friendly antifouling agents. Fifteen isocyanide congeners derived from proteinogenic amino acids were synthesized, and the antifouling activity and toxicity of these compounds against cypris larvae of the barnacle Balanus amphitrite were investigated. All synthesized amino acid-isocyanides exhibited potent anti-barnacle activity with EC50 values of 0.07 - 10.34 μg/ml after 120 h exposure without significant toxicity. In addition, seven compounds showed more than 95% settlement inhibition of the cypris larvae at 10 μg/ml after 120 h exposure without any mortality observed. Considering their structure, these amino acid-isocyanides would eventually be biodegraded to their original nontoxic amino acids. These should be useful for further research focused on the development of environmentally friendly antifoulants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Fukuda
- Laboratory of Bio-organic Chemistry, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Hideki Wagatsuma
- Laboratory of Bio-organic Chemistry, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Kominami
- Laboratory of Bio-organic Chemistry, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Nogata
- Environmental Science Research Laboratory, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, 1646 Abiko, Abiko-shi, Chiba, 270-1194, Japan
| | | | - Kazuhiro Chiba
- Laboratory of Bio-organic Chemistry, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Kitano
- Laboratory of Bio-organic Chemistry, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
100
|
Allen JL, Ten-Hage L, Leflaive J. Allelopathic interactions involving benthic phototrophic microorganisms. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2016; 8:752-762. [PMID: 27337369 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.12436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
As a way to prevent resource depletion by other species, many phototrophic aquatic microorganisms produce inhibitory compounds. This process, known as allelopathy, has been widely studied in planktonic environments, where it is recognized as being a driving force of planktonic communities. However, in benthic environments, biofilms provide very particular micro-environments. The present review focuses on allelopathic interactions involving benthic phototrophic prokaryotes and micro-eukaryotes ('microalgae'), which generally form biofilms, and includes any interaction involving benthic microalgae either as the emitter or as the target in both marine and freshwater habitats. To support our hypothesis on the importance of allelopathy in biofilms due to the particularities of biofilms, we show that (i) reported allelopathic species and compounds are diverse and numerous in the three major groups of benthic phototrophic microorganisms, (ii) allelopathic benthic species could affect community composition, (iii) allelopathy in biofilms is currently underestimated because of the lack of suitable methods. As benthic primary producers represent an important source of organic carbon in some streams and littoral areas, these interactions could impact the whole ecosystem in these areas, probably more than in areas dominated by planktonic communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joey L Allen
- ECOLAB, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Loïc Ten-Hage
- ECOLAB, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | | |
Collapse
|