51
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Evgen'ev M, Bobkova N, Krasnov G, Garbuz D, Funikov S, Kudryavtseva A, Kulikov A, Samokhin A, Maltsev A, Nesterova I. The Effect of Human HSP70 Administration on a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease Strongly Depends on Transgenicity and Age. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 67:1391-1404. [PMID: 30714962 DOI: 10.3233/jad-180987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In humans, heat shock protein 70 is a key component of the machinery that protects neuronal cells from various stress conditions and whose production significantly declines during aging. Herein, we investigated the protective effect of sub-chronic intranasal administration of human Hsp70 on the state of neurons in the temporal cortex and areas of the hippocampus of old transgenic (Tg) 5XFAD mice (11-13 months), representing a late-onset model of hereditary Alzheimer's disease. Quantitative analysis of the various neuronal pathologies between the two groups (Tg versus nTg) revealed maximal levels of abnormalities in the brains of aged Tg mice. Importantly, intranasal application of HSP70 had profound beneficial effects on neuron morphology in the temporal cortex and hippocampal regions when applied to the aged Tg mice but not in the case of age-matched, non-transgenic, littermate animals. Furthermore, the effect of HSP70 administration on neurons in the hippocampus and temporal cortex differed characteristically between the groups. Using RNA-Seq, we identified a lot of differentially expressed genes in the hippocampus of old Tg mice compared with those of nTg mice. Most importantly, we observed HSP70-induced upregulation of multiple genes participating in antigen processing and presentation especially the members of major histocompatibility complex (class I and II) in the brains of old 5XFAD Tg animals, suggesting that Hsp70 executes its beneficial role via activation of adaptive immunity. Overall, our data enable to conclude that Hsp70 treatment may be a safe and effective therapeutic application against Alzheimer-type neuropathologies manifested at the late stages of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Natalia Bobkova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, RAS, Pushchino, Moscow region, Russia
| | - George Krasnov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - David Garbuz
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergei Funikov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | | | - Andrey Maltsev
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, RAS, Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Inna Nesterova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, RAS, Pushchino, Moscow region, Russia
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52
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Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Neural Progenitor Cells--a Preclinical Evaluation for Stroke Treatment in Mice. Transl Stroke Res 2020; 12:185-203. [PMID: 32361827 PMCID: PMC7803677 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-020-00814-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) enhance neurological recovery in preclinical stroke models by secreting extracellular vesicles (EVs). Since previous reports have focused on the application of MSC-EVs only, the role of the most suitable host cell for EV enrichment and preclinical stroke treatment remains elusive. The present study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of EVs derived from neural progenitor cells (NPCs) following experimental stroke. Using the PEG technique, EVs were enriched and characterized by electron microscopy, proteomics, rt-PCR, nanosight tracking analysis, and Western blotting. Different dosages of NPC-EVs displaying a characteristic profile in size, shape, cargo protein, and non-coding RNA contents were incubated in the presence of cerebral organoids exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD), significantly reducing cell injury when compared with control organoids. Systemic administration of NPC-EVs in male C57BL6 mice following experimental ischemia enhanced neurological recovery and neuroregeneration for as long as 3 months. Interestingly, the therapeutic impact of such NPC-EVs was found to be not inferior to MSC-EVs. Flow cytometric analyses of blood and brain samples 7 days post-stroke demonstrated increased blood concentrations of B and T lymphocytes after NPC-EV delivery, without affecting cerebral cell counts. Likewise, a biodistribution analysis after systemic delivery of NPC-EVs revealed the majority of NPC-EVs to be found in extracranial organs such as the liver and the lung. This proof-of-concept study supports the idea of EVs being a general concept of stem cell–induced neuroprotection under stroke conditions, where EVs contribute to reverting the peripheral post-stroke immunosuppression.
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53
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Dhande IS, Kneedler SC, Zhu Y, Joshi AS, Hicks MJ, Wenderfer SE, Braun MC, Doris PA. Natural genetic variation in Stim1 creates stroke in the spontaneously hypertensive rat. Genes Immun 2020; 21:182-192. [PMID: 32300198 PMCID: PMC7274944 DOI: 10.1038/s41435-020-0097-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Similar to humans, the risk of cerebrovascular disease in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR-A3/SHRSP) arises from naturally occurring genetic variation. In the present study, we show the involvement of genetic variation affecting the store-operated calcium signaling gene, Stim1, in the pathogenesis of stroke in SHR. Stim1 is a key lymphocyte activation signaling molecule and contains functional variation in SHR-A3 that diverges from stroke-resistant SHR-B2. We created a SHR-A3 congenic line in which Stim1 was substituted with the corresponding genomic segment from SHR-B2. Compared with SHR-A3 rats, Stim1 congenic SHR-A3 (SHR-A3(Stim1-B2)) have reduced cerebrovascular disease in response to salt loading including lower neurological deficit scores and cerebral edema. Microbleeds and major hemorrhages occurred in over half of SHR-A3 rats. These lesions were absent in SHR-A3(Stim1-B2) rats. Loss of Stim1 function in mice and humans is associated with antibody-mediated autoimmunity due to defects in T lymphocyte helper function to B cells. We investigated autoantibody formation using a high-density protein array to detect the presence of IgG and IgM autoantibodies in SHR-A3. Autoantibodies to key cerebrovascular stress proteins were detected that were reduced in the congenic line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isha S Dhande
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Sterling C Kneedler
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yaming Zhu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Aniket S Joshi
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - M John Hicks
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Scott E Wenderfer
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Michael C Braun
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Peter A Doris
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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54
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Mulyani WRW, Sanjiwani MID, Sandra, Prabawa IPY, Lestari AAW, Wihandani DM, Suastika K, Saraswati MR, Bhargah A, Manuaba IBAP. Chaperone-Based Therapeutic Target Innovation: Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70) for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:559-568. [PMID: 32161482 PMCID: PMC7051252 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s232133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is still a global health problem. Current T2DM treatments are limited to curing the symptoms and have not been able to restore insulin sensitivity in insulin-sensitive tissues that have become resistant. In the past decade, some studies have shown the significant role of a chaperone family, heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), in insulin resistance pathogenesis that leads to T2DM. HSP70 is a cytoprotective molecular chaperone that functions in protein folding and degradation. In general, studies have shown that decreased concentration of HSP70 is able to induce inflammation process through JNK activation, inhibit fatty acid oxidation by mitochondria through mitophagy decrease and mitochondrial biogenesis, as well as activate SREBP-1c, one of the lipogenic gene transcription factors in ER stress. The overall molecular pathways are potentially leading to insulin resistance and T2DM. Increased expression of HSP70 in brain tissues is able to improve insulin sensitivity and glycemic control specifically. HSP70 modulation-targeting strategies (including long-term physical exercise, hot tub therapy (HTT), and administration of alfalfa-derived HSP70 (aHSP70)) in subjects with insulin resistance are proven to have therapeutic and preventive potency that are promising in T2DM management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sandra
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Bali, Indonesia
| | - I Putu Yuda Prabawa
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia
| | - Anak Agung Wiradewi Lestari
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia
| | - Desak Made Wihandani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Bali, Indonesia
| | - Ketut Suastika
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia
| | - Made Ratna Saraswati
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia
| | - Agha Bhargah
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Bali, Indonesia.,Cardiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana-Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia
| | - Ida Bagus Amertha Putra Manuaba
- International Ph.D Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Medical and Health Education Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Bali, Indonesia
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55
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Zheng F, Zhou YT, Zeng YF, Liu T, Yang ZY, Tang T, Luo JK, Wang Y. Proteomics Analysis of Brain Tissue in a Rat Model of Ischemic Stroke in the Acute Phase. Front Mol Neurosci 2020; 13:27. [PMID: 32174813 PMCID: PMC7057045 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2020.00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Stroke is a leading health issue, with high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. Of all strokes, approximately 80% of cases are ischemic stroke (IS). However, the underlying mechanisms of the occurrence of acute IS remain poorly understood because of heterogeneous and multiple factors. More potential biomarkers are urgently needed to reveal the deeper pathogenesis of IS. Methods: We identified potential biomarkers in rat brain tissues of IS using an iTRAQ labeling approach coupled with LC-MS/MS. Furthermore, bioinformatrics analyses including GO, KEGG, DAVID, and Cytoscape were used to present proteomic profiles and to explore the disease mechanisms. Additionally, Western blotting for target proteins was conducted for further verification. Results: We identified 4,578 proteins using the iTRAQ-based proteomics method. Of these proteins, 282 differentiated proteins, comprising 73 upregulated and 209 downregulated proteins, were observed. Further bioinformatics analysis suggested that the candidate proteins were mainly involved in energy liberation, intracellular protein transport, and synaptic plasticity regulation during the acute period. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis indicated a series of representative pathological pathways, including energy metabolite, long-term potentiation (LTP), and neurodegenerative disease-related pathways. Moreover, Western blotting confirmed the associated candidate proteins, which refer to oxidative responses and synaptic plasticity. Conclusions: Our findings highlight the identification of candidate protein biomarkers and provide insight into the biological processes involved in acute IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zheng
- College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan-Tao Zhou
- College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi-Fu Zeng
- College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhao-Yu Yang
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tao Tang
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie-Kun Luo
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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56
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Li HK, Zhang WD, Gu Y, Wu GS. Strategy of systems biology for visualizing the “Black box” of traditional Chinese medicine. WORLD JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/wjtcm.wjtcm_31_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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57
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Kurisu K, You J, Zheng Z, Won SJ, Swanson RA, Yenari MA. Cofilin-actin rod formation in experimental stroke is attenuated by therapeutic hypothermia and overexpression of the inducible 70 kD inducible heat shock protein (Hsp70). Brain Circ 2019; 5:225-233. [PMID: 31950099 PMCID: PMC6950512 DOI: 10.4103/bc.bc_52_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cofilin-actin rods are covalently linked aggregates of cofilin-1 and actin. Under ischemic conditions, these rods have been observed in neuronal dendrites and axons and may contribute to the loss of these processes. Hypothermia (Hypo) and the 70 kD inducible heat shock protein (Hsp70) are both known to improve outcomes after stroke, but the mechanisms are uncertain. Here, we evaluated the effect of these factors on cofilin-actin rod formation in a mouse model of stroke. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mice were subjected to distal middle cerebral artery occlusion (dMCAO) and treated with Hypo using a paradigm previously shown to be neuroprotective. We similarly studied mice that overexpressed transgenic (Tg) or were deficient knockout (Ko) in the inducible 70 kDa heat shock protein (Hsp70), also previously shown to be protective by our group and others. Cofilin-actin rod formation was assessed by histological analysis at 4 and 24 h after dMCAO. Its expression was analyzed in three different regions, namely, infarct core (the center of the infarct), middle cerebral artery (MCA) borderzone (the edge of the brain regions supplied by the MCA), and the ischemic borderzone (border of ischemic lesion). Ischemic lesion size and neurological deficits were also assessed. RESULTS Both Hypo-treated and Hsp70 Tg mice had smaller lesion sizes and improved neurological outcomes, whereas Hsp70 Ko mice had larger lesion sizes and worsened neurological outcomes. Cofilin-actin rods were increased after stroke, but were reduced by therapeutic Hypo and in Hsp70 Tg mice. In contrast, cofilin-actin rods were increased in ischemic brains of Hsp70 Ko mice. CONCLUSIONS Cofilin-actin rod formation was suppressed under the conditions of neuroprotection and increased under circumstances where outcome was worsened. This suggests that cofilin-actin rods may act to participate in or exacerbate ischemic pathology and warrants further study as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kota Kurisu
- University of California, San Francisco and the San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jesung You
- University of California, San Francisco and the San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhen Zheng
- University of California, San Francisco and the San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Seok Joon Won
- University of California, San Francisco and the San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Raymond A Swanson
- University of California, San Francisco and the San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Midori A Yenari
- University of California, San Francisco and the San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Effects of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on Microglial-Derived Extracellular Vesicle Biogenesis and Composition. Pathogens 2019; 8:pathogens8040297. [PMID: 31847332 PMCID: PMC6963293 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens8040297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The packaging of molecular constituents inside extracellular vesicles (EVs) allows them to participate in intercellular communication and the transfer of biological molecules, however the role of EVs during bacterial infection is poorly understood. The goal of this study was to examine the effects of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) infection on the biogenesis and composition of EVs derived from the mouse microglia cell line, BV-2. BV-2 cells were cultured in exosome-free media and infected with 0, 1.3 × 104, or 2.6 × 104 colony forming units per milliliter P. aeruginosa for 72 h. The results indicated that compared with the control group, BV-2 cell viability significantly decreased after P. aeruginosa infection and BV-2-derived EVs concentration decreased significantly in the P. aeruginosa-infected group. P. aeruginosa infection significantly decreased chemokine ligand 4 messenger RNA in BV-2-derived infected EVs, compared with the control group (p ≤ 0.05). This study also revealed that heat shock protein 70 (p ≤ 0.05) and heat shock protein 90β (p ≤ 0.001) levels of expression within EVs increased after P. aeruginosa infection. EV treatment with EVs derived from P. aeruginosa infection reduced cell viability of BV-2 cells. P. aeruginosa infection alters the expression of specific proteins and mRNA in EVs. Our study suggests that P. aeruginosa infection modulates EV biogenesis and composition, which may influence bacterial pathogenesis and infection.
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59
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Heat shock protein signaling in brain ischemia and injury. Neurosci Lett 2019; 715:134642. [PMID: 31759081 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are chaperones that catalyze the refolding of denatured proteins. In addition to their ability to prevent protein denaturation and aggregation, the HSPs have also been shown to modulate many signaling pathways. Among HSPs, the inducible 70 kDa HSP (HSP70) has especially been shown to improve neurological outcome in experimental models of brain ischemia and injury. HSP70 can modulate various aspects of the programmed cell death pathways and inflammation. This review will focus on potential mechanisms of the neuroprotective effects of HSP70 in stroke and brain trauma models. We also comment on potential ways in which HSP70 could be translated into clinical therapies.
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60
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Effect of thermal preconditioning on Hsp70 expression in the medulla oblongata and on hemodynamics during passive hyperthermia. Brain Res 2019; 1723:146404. [PMID: 31454515 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.146404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A short-term episode of elevated core body temperature that induces Hsp70 expression (thermal preconditioning) may protect against heatstroke during subsequent hyperthermia. The protective effects of thermal preconditioning may involve several cellular and immunological mechanisms and improvements in baroreflex sensitivity. To substantiate the hypothesis that the protective effect of thermal preconditioning also occurs in conditions with intact thermoregulation, we examined the evolution of spontaneous cardiovagal baroreflex sensitivity and the protective effect of Hsp70 expression after thermal preconditioning in nonanesthetized Wistar-Kyoto rats with implanted telemetric transmitters. In the baroreflex centers of the medulla oblongata, thermal preconditioning induced Hsp70 in perineuronal and perivascular oligodendrocytes, microglia, and endothelial cells but not in neurons. The maximal Hsp70 expression was detected 4 h after preconditioning, but a significant number of Hsp70-positive cells was still present 72 h after preconditioning. Increased c-Fos expression in the neurons of baroreflex centers was detectable only 4 h after preconditioning. The mean values of cardiovagal baroreflex sensitivity did not show significant differences during the 72-hour follow-up period after thermal preconditioning. Similarly, cardiovascular variability measures of the autonomic nervous system activity were also not significantly affected by thermal preconditioning. During passive hyperthermia, thermal preconditioning had no statistically significant effect on thermoregulation and the onset of arterial pressure decline. Our data suggest that thermal preconditioning induces a glial type of Hsp70 expression in the baroreflex centers of the medulla oblongata. However, this response was not associated with cardiovagal baroreflex sensitization and protection against hemodynamic instability during passive hyperthermia.
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61
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Epigenetic Alterations of Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs) in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194758. [PMID: 31557887 PMCID: PMC6801855 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are associated with various physiological processes (protein refolding and degradation) involved in the responses to cellular stress, such as cytotoxic agents, high temperature, and hypoxia. HSPs are overexpressed in cancer cells and play roles in their apoptosis, invasion, proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. The regulation or translational modification of HSPs is recognized as a therapeutic target for the development of anticancer drugs. Among the regulatory processes associated with HSP expression, the epigenetic machinery (miRNAs, histone modification, and DNA methylation) has key functions in cancer. Moreover, various epigenetic modifiers of HSP expression have also been reported as therapeutic targets and diagnostic markers of cancer. Thus, in this review, we describe the epigenetic alterations of HSP expression in cancer cells and suggest that HSPs be clinically applied as diagnostic and therapeutic markers in cancer therapy via controlled epigenetic modifiers.
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Gualtieri F, Nowakowska M, von Rüden EL, Seiffert I, Potschka H. Epileptogenesis-Associated Alterations of Heat Shock Protein 70 in a Rat Post-Status Epilepticus Model. Neuroscience 2019; 415:44-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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63
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Bonam SR, Ruff M, Muller S. HSPA8/HSC70 in Immune Disorders: A Molecular Rheostat that Adjusts Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy Substrates. Cells 2019; 8:E849. [PMID: 31394830 PMCID: PMC6721745 DOI: 10.3390/cells8080849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
HSPA8/HSC70 is a molecular chaperone involved in a wide variety of cellular processes. It plays a crucial role in protein quality control, ensuring the correct folding and re-folding of selected proteins, and controlling the elimination of abnormally-folded conformers and of proteins daily produced in excess in our cells. HSPA8 is a crucial molecular regulator of chaperone-mediated autophagy, as a detector of substrates that will be processed by this specialized autophagy pathway. In this review, we shortly summarize its structure and overall functions, dissect its implication in immune disorders, and list the known pharmacological tools that modulate its functions. We also exemplify the interest of targeting HSPA8 to regulate pathological immune dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasa Reddy Bonam
- Neuroimmunology & peptide therapy, Biotechnology and cell signaling, CNRS-University of Strasbourg, Illkirch 67412, France/Laboratory of excellence Medalis, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Marc Ruff
- Biologie Structurale Intégrative, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, 67404 Strasbourg, France
| | - Sylviane Muller
- Neuroimmunology & peptide therapy, Biotechnology and cell signaling, CNRS-University of Strasbourg, Illkirch 67412, France/Laboratory of excellence Medalis, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
- University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Study (USIAS), 67000 Strasbourg, France.
- Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg University, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
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Thuringer D, Garrido C. Molecular chaperones in the brain endothelial barrier: neurotoxicity or neuroprotection? FASEB J 2019; 33:11629-11639. [PMID: 31348679 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201900895r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) interact with astrocytes and pericytes to form the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Their compromised function alters the BBB integrity, which is associated with early events in the pathogenesis of cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and epilepsy. Interestingly, these conditions also induce the expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs). Here we review the contribution of major HSP families to BMEC and BBB function. Although investigators mainly report protective effects of HSPs in brain, contrasted results were obtained in BMEC, which depend both on the HSP and on its location, intra- or extracellular. The therapeutic potential of HSPs must be scrupulously analyzed before targeting them in patients to reduce the progression of brain lesions and improve neurologic outcomes in the long term.-Thuringer, D., Garrido, C. Molecular chaperones in the brain endothelial barrier: neurotoxicity or neuroprotection?
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Thuringer
- INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1231, Institut Fédératif de Recherche en Santé-Sciences et Techniques de l'Information et de la Communication (IFR Santé-STIC), Faculté de Médecine, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Carmen Garrido
- INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1231, Institut Fédératif de Recherche en Santé-Sciences et Techniques de l'Information et de la Communication (IFR Santé-STIC), Faculté de Médecine, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
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Wowro SJ, Tong G, Krech J, Rolfs N, Berger F, Schmitt KRL. Combined Cyclosporin A and Hypothermia Treatment Inhibits Activation of BV-2 Microglia but Induces an Inflammatory Response in an Ischemia/Reperfusion Hippocampal Slice Culture Model. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:273. [PMID: 31293389 PMCID: PMC6603137 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hypothermia attenuates cerebral ischemia-induced neuronal cell death associated with neuroinflammation. The calcineurin inhibitor cyclosporin A (CsA) has been shown to be neuroprotective by minimizing activation of inflammatory pathways. Therefore, we investigated whether the combination of hypothermia and treatment with CsA has neuroprotective effects in an oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) injury model in neuronal and BV-2 microglia monocultures, as well as in an organotypic hippocampal slice culture (OHSC). Methods Murine primary neurons, BV-2 microglia, and OHSC were pretreated with CsA and exposed to 1 h OGD (0.2% O2) followed by reperfusion at normothermia (37°C) or hypothermia (33.5°C). Cytotoxicity was measured by lactate dehydrogenase and glutamate releases. Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70), and cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRBP) were detected in cultured supernatant by western blot analysis. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Interleukin-1α and -1β (IL-1α/IL1-β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), glia activation factors ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1), and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) gene expressions were analyzed by RT-qPCR. Results Exposure to OGD plus 10 μM CsA was sufficient to induce necrotic cell death and subsequent release of DAMPs in neurons but not BV-2 microglia. Moreover, OGD/R-induced secondary injury was also observed only in the neurons, which was not attenuated by cooling and no increased toxicity by CsA was observed. BV-2 microglia were not sensitive to OGD/R-induced injury but were susceptible to CsA-induced toxicity in a dose dependent manner, which was minimized by hypothermia. CsA attenuated IL-1β and Iba1 expressions in BV-2 microglia exposed to OGD/R. Hypothermia reduced IL-1β and iNOS expressions but induced TNF-α and Iba1 expressions in the microglia. However, these observations did not translate to the ex vivo OHCS model, as general high expressions of most cytokines investigated were observed. Conclusion Treatment with CsA has neurotoxic effects on primary neurons exposed to OGD but could inhibit BV-2 microglia activation. However, CsA and hypothermia treatment after ischemia/reperfusion injury results in cytotoxic neuroinflammation in the complex ex vivo OHSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia J Wowro
- Department of Congenital Heart Disease/Pediatric Cardiology, Universitäres Herzzentrum Berlin - Medical Heart Center of Charité and German Heart Institute Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Giang Tong
- Department of Congenital Heart Disease/Pediatric Cardiology, Universitäres Herzzentrum Berlin - Medical Heart Center of Charité and German Heart Institute Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jana Krech
- Department of Congenital Heart Disease/Pediatric Cardiology, Universitäres Herzzentrum Berlin - Medical Heart Center of Charité and German Heart Institute Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nele Rolfs
- Department of Congenital Heart Disease/Pediatric Cardiology, Universitäres Herzzentrum Berlin - Medical Heart Center of Charité and German Heart Institute Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Felix Berger
- Department of Congenital Heart Disease/Pediatric Cardiology, Universitäres Herzzentrum Berlin - Medical Heart Center of Charité and German Heart Institute Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina R L Schmitt
- Department of Congenital Heart Disease/Pediatric Cardiology, Universitäres Herzzentrum Berlin - Medical Heart Center of Charité and German Heart Institute Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
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Kim W, Kwon HJ, Jung HY, Yoo DY, Moon SM, Kim DW, Hwang IK. Tat-HSP70 protects neurons from oxidative damage in the NSC34 cells and ischemic damage in the ventral horn of rabbit spinal cord. Neurochem Int 2019; 129:104477. [PMID: 31145969 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2019.104477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) is an ATP-dependent molecular chaperone, and it has been shown that its levels increase after exposure to various types of stress, including ischemia. In the present study, we investigated the effects of HSP70 against H2O2-induced neuronal stress in NSC34 cells and against spinal cord ischemia in rabbits. Tat-HSP70 proteins facilitated the intracellular delivery of HSP70 into the NSC34 cells and enabled them to cross the blood-brain barrier in the rabbit spinal cord. Tat-HSP70 was effectively transduced into NSC34 cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, while control-HSP70 protein could not be delivered intracellularly at any concentration or time after treatment. Treatment with Tat-HSP70 reduced the generation of reactive oxygen species and cell death induced by H2O2, while the control-HSP70 did not show any significant effect on the NSC34 cells exposed to H2O2. In rabbit spinal cord, the administration of Tat-HSP70 showed significant amelioration of neurological defects and neuronal death in the ventral horn of spinal cord. In addition, Tat-HSP70 treatment significantly reduced lipid peroxidation and increased Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase activities in the spinal cord, but glutathione peroxidase and Mn-superoxide dismutase activities remained unchanged. These results suggest that Tat-HSP70, not control-HSP70, decreases cell damage by reducing oxidative stress in NSC34 cells and rabbit spinal cord, and it can be employed for the reduction of neuronal damage caused after spinal cord ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woosuk Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Kwon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, 25457, South Korea
| | - Hyo Young Jung
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Dae Young Yoo
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam, 31151, South Korea
| | - Seung Myung Moon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Hwaseong, 18450, South Korea; Research Institute for Complementary & Alternative Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24253, South Korea
| | - Dae Won Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, 25457, South Korea.
| | - In Koo Hwang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
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Increase of Hspa1a and Hspa1b genes in the resting B cells of Sirt1 knockout mice. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 46:4225-4234. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-04876-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Szabó Í, M. Tóth O, Török Z, Varga DP, Menyhárt Á, Frank R, Hantosi D, Hunya Á, Bari F, Horváth I, Vigh L, Farkas E. The impact of dihydropyridine derivatives on the cerebral blood flow response to somatosensory stimulation and spreading depolarization. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:1222-1234. [PMID: 30737967 PMCID: PMC6468258 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE A new class of dihydropyridine derivatives, which act as co-inducers of heat shock protein but are devoid of calcium channel antagonist and vasodilator effects, has recently been developed with the purpose of selectively targeting neurodegeneration. Here, we evaluated the action of one of these novel compounds LA1011 on neurovascular coupling in the ischaemic rat cerebral cortex. As a reference, we applied nimodipine, a vasodilator dihydropyridine and well-known calcium channel antagonist. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Rats were treated with LA1011 or nimodipine, either by chronic, systemic (LA1011), or acute, local administration (LA1011 and nimodipine). In the latter treatment group, global forebrain ischaemia was induced in half of the animals by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion under isoflurane anaesthesia. Functional hyperaemia in the somatosensory cortex was created by mechanical stimulation of the contralateral whisker pad under α-chloralose anaesthesia. Spreading depolarization (SD) events were elicited subsequently by 1 M KCl. Local field potential and cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the parietal somatosensory cortex were monitored by electrophysiology and laser Doppler flowmetry. KEY RESULTS LA1011 did not alter CBF, but intensified SD, presumably indicating the co-induction of heat shock proteins, and, perhaps an anti-inflammatory effect. Nimodipine attenuated evoked potentials and SD. In addition to the elevation of baseline CBF, nimodipine augmented hyperaemia in response to both somatosensory stimulation and SD, particularly under ischaemia. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS In contrast to the CBF improvement achieved with nimodipine, LA1011 seems not to have discernible cerebrovascular effects but may up-regulate the stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Írisz Szabó
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Science and InformaticsUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary
| | - Orsolya M. Tóth
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Science and InformaticsUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary
| | - Zsolt Török
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research CentreHungarian Academy of SciencesSzegedHungary
- LipidArt Research and Development Ltd.SzegedHungary
| | - Dániel Péter Varga
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Science and InformaticsUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary
| | - Ákos Menyhárt
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Science and InformaticsUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary
| | - Rita Frank
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Science and InformaticsUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary
| | - Dóra Hantosi
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Science and InformaticsUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary
| | - Ákos Hunya
- LipidArt Research and Development Ltd.SzegedHungary
| | - Ferenc Bari
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Science and InformaticsUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary
| | - Ibolya Horváth
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research CentreHungarian Academy of SciencesSzegedHungary
| | - László Vigh
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research CentreHungarian Academy of SciencesSzegedHungary
| | - Eszter Farkas
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Science and InformaticsUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary
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von Rüden EL, Wolf F, Gualtieri F, Keck M, Hunt CR, Pandita TK, Potschka H. Genetic and Pharmacological Targeting of Heat Shock Protein 70 in the Mouse Amygdala-Kindling Model. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:1434-1444. [PMID: 30396268 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory responses involving Toll-like receptor signaling represent a key factor contributing to epileptogenesis. Thus, it is of particular interest to explore the relevance of toll-like receptor ligands and modulators, such as heat shock protein 70 (HSP70). Motivated by recent findings demonstrating an upregulation of HSP70 in a model of epileptogenesis, we analyzed the consequences of genetic and pharmacological targeting of HSP70 expression in a mouse kindling paradigm. Lack of inducible HSP70 resulted in increased prekindling seizure thresholds. However, at threshold stimulation the deficiency-promoted seizure spread, as indicated by an increased seizure severity. Subsequent kindling stimulations elicited more severe seizures in knockout mice, whereas endogenous termination of seizure activity remained unaffected with duration of behavioral and electrographic seizure activity comparable to that of wild-type mice. Interestingly, HSP70 deficiency resulted in enhanced microglia activation in the CA1 region. Next, we assessed a pharmacological targeting approach aiming to promote HSP70 expression. Celastrol treatment had no impact on kindling progression but reduced postkindling seizure thresholds and enhanced microglia activation in CA1 and CA3. In conclusion, the findings from HSP70-knockout mice support a protective role of HSP70 with an effect on microglia activation and spread of seizure activity. Unexpectedly, celastrol administration resulted in detrimental consequences. These findings should be considered as a warning about the general safety of celastrol as a drug candidate. The impact of pathophysiological mechanisms on the quality of celastrol effects requires comprehensive future studies exploring influencing factors. Moreover, alternate strategies to increase HSP70 expression should be further developed and validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Lotta von Rüden
- Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Koeniginstraße 16, D-80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Fabio Wolf
- Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Koeniginstraße 16, D-80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Fabio Gualtieri
- Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Koeniginstraße 16, D-80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Keck
- Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Koeniginstraße 16, D-80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Clayton R. Hunt
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6550 Fannin Street SM8-024, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Tej K. Pandita
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6550 Fannin Street SM8-024, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Heidrun Potschka
- Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Koeniginstraße 16, D-80539 Munich, Germany
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Wan YJ, Xu L, Song WT, Liu YQ, Wang LC, Zhao MB, Jiang Y, Liu LY, Zeng KW, Tu PF. The Ethanolic Extract of Caesalpinia sappan Heartwood Inhibits Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in a Rat Model Through a Multi-Targeted Pharmacological Mechanism. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:29. [PMID: 30804781 PMCID: PMC6370896 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Caesalpinia sappan L. (C. sappan) is a traditional Chinese medicinal plant. The dried heartwood of C. sappan (also known as Sappan wood) has been widely used for the folkloric medical treatment of ischemic cerebral stroke in China. However, the detailed underlying pharmacological mechanism still remains largely unexplored. Methods: In this study, a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model was employed to elucidate the mechanism of the anti-cerebral ischemic effects of C. sappan ethanolic extract (CEE). Moreover, systemic multi-target identification coupled with gene ontology biological process (GO BP) and reactome pathway analysis was used to investigate the potential neuroprotective mechanism. Furthermore, the presumed mechanism was confirmed through biological analysis by determining the effects of CEE on the identified signaling pathways in PC12 cells model-induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R). Results: Our study demonstrates that CEE (both through in vivo administration at a dosage of 300 mg/kg and through in vitro incubation at a dosage of 2.4 μg/mL) is a neuroprotective agent that can effectively inhibit neuronal damage, promote synaptic generation, and suppress the activation of neutrophils, microglia, and astrocytes. Moreover, the neuroprotective mechanism of CEE is mediated via regulating 150 potential target proteins, which are associated with 6 biological processes and 10 pathways, including JAK-STAT, HSP90 and DNA damage/telomere stress. Conclusion: CEE can exert neuroprotective effect through multi-target pharmacological mechanisms to prevent ischemia/reperfusion-induced cerebral injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Jun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Xu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Ting Song
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Qi Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ming-Bo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lian-Ying Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Ke-Wu Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng-Fei Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Behrouzifar S, Vakili A, Barati M. The Effects of Mouse Recombinant Resistin on mRNA Expression of Proinflammatory and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines and Heat Shock Protein-70 in Experimental Stroke Model. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2018; 27:3272-3279. [PMID: 30120034 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2018.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our recent research showed that resistin has a neuroprotective effect against stroke-induced injury through suppressing apoptosis and oxidative stress. However, the molecular mechanism of neuroprotection of resistin is unclear. This work was designed to examine the effect of mouse recombinant resistin on mRNA expression of Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), Interleukin-10 (IL-10), Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF- β1), and Heat shock protein-70 (HSP-70) in mouse model of stroke. MATERIALS AND METHODS Transient focal cerebral ischemia was induced by the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in mice. TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-10, TGF-β1, and HSP-70 mRNA were detected at sham (0 hour), 3 hours, 6 hours, 12 hours, and 24 hours after MCAO using real-time QRT-PCR method. Moreover, animals were treated with resistin at the dose of 400ng/mouse at the commencement of MCAO, and mRNA expression of the cytokines and HSP-70 was measured 24 hours after MCAO. RESULTS Tumor necrosis factor-α and IL-1β mRNA expression markedly increased at 12-hour time point and then returned to the basal level at 24 hours after MCAO; but HSP-70 mRNA expression increased at 24-hour time point. Furthermore, resistin (400 ng/mouse) significantly increased TGF-β1 and IL-10 and decreased HSP-70 gene expression at 24 hours after MCAO. CONCLUSIONS Our findings revealed that a molecular mechanism of attenuating ischemic damage by resistin administration probably is increased mRNA expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines. However, applying resistin in the clinical settings for the treatment of stroke deserves further researches in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedigheh Behrouzifar
- Research Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Abedin Vakili
- Research Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Barati
- Cancer Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
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