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Suh JW, Lee KM, Ko EA, Yoon DS, Park KH, Kim HS, Yook JI, Kim NH, Lee JW. Promoting angiogenesis and diabetic wound healing through delivery of protein transduction domain-BMP2 formulated nanoparticles with hydrogel. J Tissue Eng 2023; 14:20417314231190641. [PMID: 37601810 PMCID: PMC10434183 DOI: 10.1177/20417314231190641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Decreased angiogenesis contributes to delayed wound healing in diabetic patients. Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP2) has also been demonstrated to promote angiogenesis. However, the short half-lives of soluble growth factors, including rhBMP2, limit their use in wound-healing applications. To address this limitation, we propose a novel delivery model using a protein transduction domain (PTD) formulated in a lipid nanoparticle (LNP). We aimed to determine whether a gelatin hydrogel dressing loaded with LNP-formulated PTD-BMP2 (LNP-PTD-BMP2) could enhance the angiogenic function of BMP2 and improve diabetic wound healing. In vitro, compared to the control and rhBMP2, LNP-PTD-BMP2 induced greater tube formation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells and increased the cell recruitment capacity of HaCaT cells. We inflicted large, full-thickness back skin wounds on streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice and applied gelatin hydrogel (GH) cross-linked by microbial transglutaminase containing rhBMP2, LNP-PTD-BMP2, or a control to these wounds. Wounds treated with LNP-PTD-BMP2-loaded GH exhibited enhanced wound closure, increased re-epithelialization rates, and higher collagen deposition than those with other treatments. Moreover, LNP-PTD-BMP2-loaded GH treatment resulted in more CD31- and α-SMA-positive cells, indicating greater neovascularization capacity than rhBMP2-loaded GH or GH treatments alone. Furthermore, in vivo near-infrared fluorescence revealed that LNP-PTD-BMP2 has a longer half-life than rhBMP2 and that BMP2 localizes around wounds. In conclusion, LNP-PTD-BMP2-loaded GH is a viable treatment option for diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Wan Suh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Kyoung-Mi Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun Ae Ko
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong Suk Yoon
- Department of Biomedical Science, Hwasung Medi-Science University, Hwaseong-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, South Korea
| | - Kwang Hwan Park
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Sil Kim
- Department of Oral Pathology, Oral Cancer Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong In Yook
- Department of Oral Pathology, Oral Cancer Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Nam Hee Kim
- Department of Oral Pathology, Oral Cancer Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Woo Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Advances in bone regeneration with growth factors for spinal fusion: A literature review. NORTH AMERICAN SPINE SOCIETY JOURNAL 2022; 13:100193. [PMID: 36605107 PMCID: PMC9807829 DOI: 10.1016/j.xnsj.2022.100193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Bone tissue is regenerated via the spatiotemporal involvement of various cytokines. Among them, the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), which plays a vital role in the bone regeneration process, has been applied clinically for the treatment of refractory orthopedic conditions. Although BMP therapy using a collagen carrier has shown efficiency in bone regeneration over the last two decades, a major challenge-considerable side effects associated with the acute release of high doses of BMPs-has also been revealed. To improve BMP efficiency, the development of new carriers and biologics that can be used in conjunction with BMPs is currently underway. In this review, we describe the current status and future prospects of bone regeneration therapy, with a focus on BMPs. Furthermore, we outline the characteristics and molecular signaling pathways involving BMPs, clinical applications of BMPs in orthopedics, clinical results of BMP use in human spinal surgeries, drugs combined with BMPs to provide synergistic effects, and novel BMP carriers.
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53
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Hu J, Wang Z, Miszuk JM, Zeng E, Sun H. High Molecular Weight Poly(glutamic acid) to Improve BMP2-Induced Osteogenic Differentiation. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:4565-4575. [PMID: 35675584 PMCID: PMC9729371 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
FDA-approved bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) has serious side effects due to the super high dose requirement. Heparin is one of the most well-studied sulfated polymers to stabilize BMP2 and improve its functionality. However, the clinical use of heparin is questionable because of its undesired anticoagulant activity. Recent studies suggest that poly(glutamic acid) (pGlu) has the potential to improve BMP2 bioactivity with less safety concerns; however, the knowledge on pGlu's contribution remains largely unknown. Therefore, we aimed to study the role of pGlu in BMP2-induced osteogenesis and its potential application in bone tissue engineering. Our data, for the first time, indicated that both low (L-pGlu) and high molecular weight pGlu (H-pGlu) were able to significantly improve the BMP2-induced early osteoblastic differentiation marker (ALP) in MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts. Importantly, the matrix mineralization was more rapidly enhanced by H-pGlu compared to L-pGlu. Additionally, our data indicated that only α-H-pGlu could significantly improve BMP2's activity, whereas γ-H-pGlu failed to do so. Moreover, both gene expression and mineralization data demonstrated that α-H-pGlu enabled a single dose of BMP2 to induce a high level of osteoblastic differentiation without multiple doses of BMP2. To study the potential application of pGlu in tissue engineering, we incorporated the H-pGlu+BMP2 nanocomplexes into the collagen hydrogel with significantly elevated osteoblastic differentiation. Furthermore, H-pGlu-coated 3D porous gelatin and chitosan scaffolds significantly enhanced osteogenic differentiation through enabling sustained release of BMP2. Thus, our findings suggest that H-pGlu is a promising new alternative with great potential for bone tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue Hu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Iowa College of Dentistry, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, University of Iowa College of Dentistry, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Zhuozhi Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Iowa College of Dentistry, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, University of Iowa College of Dentistry, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Jacob M. Miszuk
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Iowa College of Dentistry, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, University of Iowa College of Dentistry, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Erliang Zeng
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, University of Iowa College of Dentistry, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Hongli Sun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Iowa College of Dentistry, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, University of Iowa College of Dentistry, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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54
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Foley JP, Fred EJ, Minardi S, Yamaguchi JT, Greene AC, Furman AA, Lyons JG, Paul JT, Nandurkar TS, Blank KR, Havey RM, Muriuki M, Patwardhan AG, Hsu WK, Stock SR, Hsu EL. Sex-based Difference in Response to Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 in a Rat Posterolateral Fusion Model. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2022; 47:1627-1636. [PMID: 35943241 PMCID: PMC9643612 DOI: 10.1097/brs.0000000000004454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN This was a preclinical study. OBJECTIVE Evaluate sex-dependent differences in the bone healing response to recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) in a rat posterolateral spinal fusion model. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Minimal and conflicting data exist concerning potential sex-dependent differences in rhBMP-2-mediated bone regeneration in the context of spinal fusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-eight female and male Sprague-Dawley rats (N=24/group), underwent L4-L5 posterolateral fusion with bilateral placement of an absorbable collagen sponge, each loaded with 5 µg of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (10 µg/animal). At eight weeks postoperative, 10 specimens of each sex were tested in flexion-extension with quantification of range of motion and stiffness. The remaining specimens were evaluated for new bone growth and successful fusion via radiography, blinded manual palpation and microcomputed tomography (microCT). Laboratory microCT quantified bone microarchitecture, and synchrotron microCT examined bone microstructure at the 1 µm level. RESULTS Manual palpation scores differed significantly between sexes, with mean fusion scores of 2.4±0.4 in females versus 3.1±0.6 in males ( P <0.001). Biomechanical stiffness did not differ between sexes, but range of motion was significantly greater and more variable for females versus males (3.7±5.6° vs. 0.27±0.15°, P <0.005, respectively). Laboratory microCT showed significantly smaller volumes of fusion masses in females versus males (262±87 vs. 732±238 mm 3 , respectively, P <0.001) but significantly higher bone volume fraction (0.27±0.08 vs. 0.12±0.05, respectively, P <0.001). Mean trabecular thickness was not different, but trabecular number was significantly greater in females (3.1±0.5 vs. 1.5±0.4 mm -1 , respectively, P <0.001). Synchrotron microCT showed fine bone structures developing in both sexes at the eight-week time point. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates sex-dependent differences in bone regeneration induced by rhBMP-2. Further investigation is needed to uncover the extent of and mechanisms underlying these sex differences, particularly at different doses of rhBMP-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P Foley
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
- Center for Regenerative Nanomedicine, Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Elianna J Fred
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
- Center for Regenerative Nanomedicine, Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Silvia Minardi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
- Center for Regenerative Nanomedicine, Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Jonathan T Yamaguchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
- Center for Regenerative Nanomedicine, Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Allison C Greene
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
- Center for Regenerative Nanomedicine, Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Andrew A Furman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
- Center for Regenerative Nanomedicine, Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Joseph G Lyons
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
- Center for Regenerative Nanomedicine, Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Jonathan T Paul
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
- Center for Regenerative Nanomedicine, Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Tejas S Nandurkar
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
- Center for Regenerative Nanomedicine, Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Robert M Havey
- Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, IL
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL
| | | | - Avinash G Patwardhan
- Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, IL
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL
| | - Wellington K Hsu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
- Center for Regenerative Nanomedicine, Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Stuart R Stock
- Center for Regenerative Nanomedicine, Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Erin L Hsu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
- Center for Regenerative Nanomedicine, Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
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Wang YW, Lin WY, Wu FJ, Luo CW. Unveiling the transcriptomic landscape and the potential antagonist feedback mechanisms of TGF-β superfamily signaling module in bone and osteoporosis. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:190. [PMID: 36443839 PMCID: PMC9703672 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-01002-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND TGF-β superfamily signaling is indispensable for bone homeostasis. However, the global expression profiles of all the genes that make up this signaling module in bone and bone-related diseases have not yet been well characterized. METHODS Transcriptomic datasets from human bone marrows, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and MSCs of primary osteoporotic patients were used for expression profile analyses. Protein treatments, gene quantification, reporter assay and signaling dissection in MSC lines were used to clarify the interactive regulations and feedback mechanisms between TGF-β superfamily ligands and antagonists. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis was used for network construction. RESULTS We identified TGFB1 in the ligand group that carries out SMAD2/3 signaling and BMP8A, BMP8B and BMP2 in the ligand group that conducts SMAD1/5/8 signaling have relatively high expression levels in normal bone marrows and MSCs. Among 16 antagonist genes, the dominantly expressed TGF-β superfamily ligands induced only NOG, GREM1 and GREM2 via different SMAD pathways in MSCs. These induced antagonist proteins further showed distinct antagonisms to the treated ligands and thus would make up complicated negative feedback networks in bone. We further identified TGF-β superfamily signaling is enriched in MSCs of primary osteoporosis. Enhanced expression of the genes mediating TGF-β-mediated SMAD3 signaling and the genes encoding TGF-β superfamily antagonists served as significant features to osteoporosis. CONCLUSION Our data for the first time unveiled the transcription landscape of all the genes that make up TGF-β superfamily signaling module in bone. The feedback mechanisms and regulatory network prediction of antagonists provided novel hints to treat osteoporosis. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Wen Wang
- grid.260539.b0000 0001 2059 7017Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 155 Li-Nong Street, Section 2, Beitou, Taipei, 112 Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yu Lin
- grid.260539.b0000 0001 2059 7017Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 155 Li-Nong Street, Section 2, Beitou, Taipei, 112 Taiwan
| | - Fang-Ju Wu
- grid.260539.b0000 0001 2059 7017Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 155 Li-Nong Street, Section 2, Beitou, Taipei, 112 Taiwan
| | - Ching-Wei Luo
- grid.260539.b0000 0001 2059 7017Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 155 Li-Nong Street, Section 2, Beitou, Taipei, 112 Taiwan
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56
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Cunningham ME, Kelly NH, Rawlins BA, Boachie-Adjei O, van der Meulen MCH, Hidaka C. Lumbar spine intervertebral disc gene delivery of BMPs induces anterior spine fusion in lewis rats. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16847. [PMID: 36207369 PMCID: PMC9547004 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21208-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Minimally invasive techniques and biological autograft alternatives such as the bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) can reduce morbidity associated with spinal fusions. This study was a proof-of-concept for gene-therapy-mediated anterior spine fusion that could be adapted to percutaneous technique for clinical use. Isogeneic bone marrow stromal cells genetically programmed to express b-galactosidase (LACZ, a marker gene), BMP2, BMP7, a mixture of BMP2 and BMP7 infected cells (homodimers, HM), or BMP2/7 heterodimers (HT) were implanted into the discs between lumbar vertebrae 4 and 5 (L4/5) and L5/6 of male Lewis rats. Spine stiffening was monitored at 4, 8 and 12 weeks using noninvasive-induced angular displacement (NIAD) testing. At 12 weeks isolated spines were assessed for fusion and bone formation by palpation, biomechanical testing [four-point bending stiffness, moment to failure in extension, and in vitro angular displacement (IVAD)], faxitron x-rays, microCT, and histology. Progressive loss of NIAD occurred in only the HT group (p < 0.001), and biomechanical tests correlated with the NIAD results. Significant fusion occurred only in the HT group (94% of animals with one or both levels) as assessed by palpation (p < 0.001), which predicted HT bone production assessed by faxitron (p ≤ 0.001) or microCT (p < 0.023). Intervertebral bridging bone was consistently observed only in HT-treated specimens. Induced bone was located anterior and lateral to the disc space, with no bone formation noted within the disc. Percutaneous anterior spine fusions may be possible clinically, but induction of bone inside the disc space remains a challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew E Cunningham
- HSS Research Institute, Hospital for Special Surgery, 515 E 71st Street, New York, NY, 10021, USA. .,Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, Lc501, New York, NY, 10065, USA. .,Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 70th Street, New York, NY, 10021, USA.
| | - Natalie H Kelly
- HSS Research Institute, Hospital for Special Surgery, 515 E 71st Street, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Bernard A Rawlins
- HSS Research Institute, Hospital for Special Surgery, 515 E 71st Street, New York, NY, 10021, USA.,Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, Lc501, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 70th Street, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Oheneba Boachie-Adjei
- HSS Research Institute, Hospital for Special Surgery, 515 E 71st Street, New York, NY, 10021, USA.,Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, Lc501, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Marjolein C H van der Meulen
- HSS Research Institute, Hospital for Special Surgery, 515 E 71st Street, New York, NY, 10021, USA.,Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering and Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Chisa Hidaka
- HSS Research Institute, Hospital for Special Surgery, 515 E 71st Street, New York, NY, 10021, USA
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Oliver-Cervelló L, Martin-Gómez H, Mandakhbayar N, Jo YW, Cavalcanti-Adam EA, Kim HW, Ginebra MP, Lee JH, Mas-Moruno C. Mimicking Bone Extracellular Matrix: From BMP-2-Derived Sequences to Osteogenic-Multifunctional Coatings. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2201339. [PMID: 35941083 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202201339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Cell-material interactions are regulated by mimicking bone extracellular matrix on the surface of biomaterials. In this regard, reproducing the extracellular conditions that promote integrin and growth factor (GF) signaling is a major goal to trigger bone regeneration. Thus, the use of synthetic osteogenic domains derived from bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) is gaining increasing attention, as this strategy is devoid of the clinical risks associated with this molecule. In this work, the wrist and knuckle epitopes of BMP-2 are screened to identify peptides with potential osteogenic properties. The most active sequences (the DWIVA motif and its cyclic version) are combined with the cell adhesive RGD peptide (linear and cyclic variants), to produce tailor-made biomimetic peptides presenting the bioactive cues in a chemically and geometrically defined manner. Such multifunctional peptides are next used to functionalize titanium surfaces. Biological characterization with mesenchymal stem cells demonstrates the ability of the biointerfaces to synergistically enhance cell adhesion and osteogenic differentiation. Furthermore, in vivo studies in rat calvarial defects prove the capacity of the biomimetic coatings to improve new bone formation and reduce fibrous tissue thickness. These results highlight the potential of mimicking integrin-GF signaling with synthetic peptides, without the need for exogenous GFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lluís Oliver-Cervelló
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, 08019, Spain.,Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, UPC, Barcelona, 08019, Spain
| | - Helena Martin-Gómez
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, 08019, Spain.,Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, UPC, Barcelona, 08019, Spain
| | - Nandin Mandakhbayar
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 330-714, Republic of Korea.,Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 330-714, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomaterials Science, School of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Woo Jo
- Neobiotech Co., Ltd R&D Center, Seoul, 08381, Republic of Korea
| | - Elisabetta Ada Cavalcanti-Adam
- Department of Cellular Biophysics, Growth Factor Mechanobiology group, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research Jahnstraße 29, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hae-Won Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 330-714, Republic of Korea.,Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 330-714, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomaterials Science, School of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Maria-Pau Ginebra
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, 08019, Spain.,Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, UPC, Barcelona, 08019, Spain.,Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Jung-Hwan Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 330-714, Republic of Korea.,Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 330-714, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomaterials Science, School of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Carlos Mas-Moruno
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, 08019, Spain.,Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, UPC, Barcelona, 08019, Spain
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Wu CK, Wei MT, Wu HC, Wu CL, Wu CJ, Liaw H, Su WP. BMP2 promotes lung adenocarcinoma metastasis through BMP receptor 2-mediated SMAD1/5 activation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16310. [PMID: 36175474 PMCID: PMC9522928 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20788-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) is highly overexpressed in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and correlates with tumor stage and metastatic burden. Although several lines of evidence suggest that BMP2 promotes cell migration and invasiveness in vitro, the in vivo role of BMP2 in the metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma cells remains less well understood. Here, we revealed that BMP2 is highly overexpressed in lung adenocarcinoma patients with lymph node metastasis compared with patients without lymph node metastasis. Using an in vivo orthotopic mouse model, we clearly demonstrated that BMP2 promotes lung adenocarcinoma metastasis. The depletion of BMP2 or its receptor BMPR2 significantly reduced cell migration and invasiveness. We further identified that BMP2/BMPR2-mediated cell migration involves the activation of the SMAD1/5/8 signaling pathway, independent of the KRAS signaling pathway. Significantly, the depletion of SMAD1/5/8 or the inhibition of SMAD1/5/8 by LDN193189 inhibitor significantly reduced cell migration. These findings show that BMP2 promotes NSCLC metastasis, indicating that targeting the BMP2 signaling pathway may represent a potential therapeutic strategy for treating patients with metastatic NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Kuei Wu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 35, Xiao-Tong Road, Tainan, 704, Taiwan
| | - Man-Ting Wei
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 35, Xiao-Tong Road, Tainan, 704, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chang Wu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacy, Chia-Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Lin Wu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 35, Xiao-Tong Road, Tainan, 704, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ju Wu
- Departments of Oncology and Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hungjiun Liaw
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 University Road, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Pin Su
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 35, Xiao-Tong Road, Tainan, 704, Taiwan. .,Departments of Oncology and Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Could BMPs Therapy Be Improved if BMPs Were Used in Composition Acting during Bone Formation in Endochondral Ossification? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810327. [PMID: 36142232 PMCID: PMC9499665 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) inspired hope for the successful treatment of bone disorders, but side effects worsening the clinical effects were eventually observed. BMPs exert a synergistic effect, stimulating osteogenesis; however, predicting the best composition of growth factors for use in humans is difficult. Chondrocytes present within the growth plate produce growth factors stored in calcified cartilage adhering to metaphysis. These factors stimulate initial bone formation in metaphysis. We have previously determined the growth factors present in bovine calcified cartilage and produced by rat epiphyseal chondrocytes. The results suggest that growth factors stimulating physiological ossification are species dependent. The collection of human calcified cartilage for growth factors determination does not appear feasible, but chondrocytes for mRNA determination could be obtained. Their collection from young recipients, in view of the Academy of Medical Royal Colleges Recommendation, would be ethical. The authors of this review do not have facilities to conduct such a study and can only appeal to competent institutions to undertake the task. The results could help to formulate a better recipe for the stimulation of bone formation and improve clinical results.
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Alejo AL, McDermott S, Khalil Y, Ball HC, Robinson GT, Solorzano E, Alejo AM, Douglas J, Samson TK, Young JW, Safadi FF. A Pre-clinical Standard Operating Procedure for Evaluating Orthobiologics in an In Vivo Rat Spinal Fusion Model. JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDICS AND SPORTS MEDICINE 2022; 4:224-240. [PMID: 36203492 PMCID: PMC9534599 DOI: 10.26502/josm.511500060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The rat animal model is a cost effective and reliable model used in spinal pre-clinical research. Complications from various surgical procedures in humans often arise that were based on these pre-clinical animal models. Therefore safe and efficacious pre-clinical animal models are needed to establish continuity into clinical trials. A Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) is a validated method that allows researchers to safely and carefully replicate previously successful surgical techniques. Thus, the aim of this study is to describe in detail the procedures involved in a common rat bilateral posterolateral intertransverse spinal fusion SOP used to test the efficacy and safety different orthobiologics using a collagen-soaked sponge as an orthobiologic carrier. Only two orthobiologics are currently FDA approved for spinal fusion surgery which include recombinant bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2), and I-FACTOR. While there are many additional orthobiologics currently being tested, one way to show their safety profile and gain FDA approval, is to use well established pre-clinical animal models. A preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative surgical setup including specific anesthesia and euthanasia protocols are outlined. Furthermore, we describe different postoperative methods used to validate the spinal fusion SOP, which include μCT analysis, histopathology, biomechanical testing, and blood analysis. This SOP can help increase validity, transparency, efficacy, and reproducibly in future rat spinal fusion surgery procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew L Alejo
- College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University (NEOMED), Rootstown, OH, USA
- Musculoskeletal Research Group, NEOMED, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - Scott McDermott
- Roper St. Francis Physician Partners Orthopaedics, Summerville, SC, USA
| | - Yusuf Khalil
- College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University (NEOMED), Rootstown, OH, USA
- Musculoskeletal Research Group, NEOMED, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - Hope C Ball
- Musculoskeletal Research Group, NEOMED, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - Gabrielle T Robinson
- College of Graduate Studies, NEOMED, Rootstown, OH, USA
- Musculoskeletal Research Group, NEOMED, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - Ernesto Solorzano
- College of Graduate Studies, NEOMED, Rootstown, OH, USA
- Musculoskeletal Research Group, NEOMED, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - Amanda M Alejo
- College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University (NEOMED), Rootstown, OH, USA
- Musculoskeletal Research Group, NEOMED, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - Jacob Douglas
- College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University (NEOMED), Rootstown, OH, USA
- Musculoskeletal Research Group, NEOMED, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - Trinity K Samson
- College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University (NEOMED), Rootstown, OH, USA
- College of Graduate Studies, NEOMED, Rootstown, OH, USA
- Musculoskeletal Research Group, NEOMED, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - Jesse W Young
- College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University (NEOMED), Rootstown, OH, USA
- College of Graduate Studies, NEOMED, Rootstown, OH, USA
- Musculoskeletal Research Group, NEOMED, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - Fayez F Safadi
- College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University (NEOMED), Rootstown, OH, USA
- College of Graduate Studies, NEOMED, Rootstown, OH, USA
- Musculoskeletal Research Group, NEOMED, Rootstown, OH, USA
- Rebecca D. Considine Research Institute, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron, OH, USA
- GPN Therapeutics Inc., Redi Zone NEOMED, Rootstown, OH, USA
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BMP2 as a promising anticancer approach: functions and molecular mechanisms. Invest New Drugs 2022; 40:1322-1332. [PMID: 36040572 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-022-01298-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2), a pluripotent factor, is a member of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) superfamily and is implicated in embryonic development and postnatal homeostasis in tissues and organs. Experimental research in the contexts of physiology and pathology has indicated that BMP2 can induce macrophages to differentiate into osteoclasts and accelerate the osteolytic mechanism, aggravating cancer cell bone metastasis. Emerging studies have stressed the potent regulatory effect of BMP2 in cancer cell differentiation, proliferation, survival, and apoptosis. Complicated signaling networks involving multiple regulatory proteins imply the significant biological functions of BMP2 in cancer. In this review, we comprehensively summarized and discussed the current evidence related to the modulation of BMP2 in tumorigenesis and development, including evidence related to the roles and molecular mechanisms of BMP2 in regulating cancer stem cells (CSCs), epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cancer angiogenesis and the tumor microenvironment (TME). All these findings suggest that BMP2 may be an effective therapeutic target for cancer and a new marker for assessing treatment efficacy.
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Ferreira MJS, Mancini FE, Humphreys PA, Ogene L, Buckley M, Domingos MAN, Kimber SJ. Pluripotent stem cells for skeletal tissue engineering. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2022; 42:774-793. [PMID: 34488516 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.1968785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Here, we review the use of human pluripotent stem cells for skeletal tissue engineering. A number of approaches have been used for generating cartilage and bone from both human embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells. These range from protocols relying on intrinsic cell interactions and signals from co-cultured cells to those attempting to recapitulate the series of steps occurring during mammalian skeletal development. The importance of generating authentic tissues rather than just differentiated cells is emphasized and enabling technologies for doing this are reported. We also review the different methods for characterization of skeletal cells and constructs at the tissue and single-cell level, and indicate newer resources not yet fully utilized in this field. There have been many challenges in this research area but the technologies to overcome these are beginning to appear, often adopted from related fields. This makes it more likely that cost-effective and efficacious human pluripotent stem cell-engineered constructs may become available for skeletal repair in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel J S Ferreira
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering & Henry Royce Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Fabrizio E Mancini
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Paul A Humphreys
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering & Henry Royce Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Leona Ogene
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Michael Buckley
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Marco A N Domingos
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering & Henry Royce Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Susan J Kimber
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Vukomanovic M, Gazvoda L, Anicic N, Rubert M, Suvorov D, Müller R, Hofmann S. Multi-doped apatite: Strontium, magnesium, gallium and zinc ions synergistically affect osteogenic stimulation in human mesenchymal cells important for bone tissue engineering. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 140:213051. [PMID: 35914326 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Functional calcium phosphate biomaterials can be designed as carriers of a balanced mixture of biologically relevant ions able to target critical processes in bone regeneration. They hold the potential to use mechanisms very similar to growth factors naturally produced during fracture healing, while circumventing some of their drawbacks. Here we present a novel phase of carbonated-apatite containing Mg2+, Sr2+, Zn2+ and Ga3+ ions (HApMgSrZnGa). While all dopants decrease the crystallinity, Ga3+ limits crystal growth and enables the formation of a nanosized apatite phase with enhanced specific surface area. Coexistence of the ions enhances degradability and controls solubility of low crystalline, distorted, multi-doped apatite structure, controlled by Ga3+ ions accumulated at the surface. Consequently, HApMgSrZnGa supports the viability of human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and induces their stimulation along the osteogenic lineage. In addition, the co-released ions has a synergistic antimicrobial effect, particularly within the HApMgSrZnGa-Au(arg) composite with Au(arg) as contact-based antimicrobial. The activity is stable up to two months in vitro. Osteogenic nature and antimicrobial activity, combined in a single biomaterial, are suggesting a well-balanced, multi-doped apatite design applicable as future option in bone regeneration and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Vukomanovic
- Advanced Materials Department, Jozef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Lea Gazvoda
- Advanced Materials Department, Jozef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nemanja Anicic
- Advanced Materials Department, Jozef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marina Rubert
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Danilo Suvorov
- Advanced Materials Department, Jozef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ralph Müller
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Hofmann
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Orthopaedic Biomechanics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
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Wang D, Cao H, Hua W, Gao L, Yuan Y, Zhou X, Zeng Z. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Bone Defect Repair. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12070716. [PMID: 35877919 PMCID: PMC9315966 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12070716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The repair of critical bone defects is a hotspot of orthopedic research. With the development of bone tissue engineering (BTE), there is increasing evidence showing that the combined application of extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) (MSC-EVs), especially exosomes, with hydrogels, scaffolds, and other bioactive materials has made great progress, exhibiting a good potential for bone regeneration. Recent studies have found that miRNAs, proteins, and other cargo loaded in EVs are key factors in promoting osteogenesis and angiogenesis. In BTE, the expression profile of the intrinsic cargo of EVs can be changed by modifying the gene expression of MSCs to obtain EVs with enhanced osteogenic activity and ultimately enhance the osteoinductive ability of bone graft materials. However, the current research on MSC-EVs for repairing bone defects is still in its infancy, and the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Therefore, in this review, the effect of bioactive materials such as hydrogels and scaffolds combined with MSC-EVs in repairing bone defects is summarized, and the mechanism of MSC-EVs promoting bone defect repair by delivering active molecules such as internal miRNAs is further elucidated, which provides a theoretical basis and reference for the clinical application of MSC-EVs in repairing bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxue Wang
- School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (D.W.); (W.H.); (L.G.)
| | - Hong Cao
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; (H.C.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Weizhong Hua
- School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (D.W.); (W.H.); (L.G.)
| | - Lu Gao
- School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (D.W.); (W.H.); (L.G.)
| | - Yu Yuan
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; (H.C.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Xuchang Zhou
- School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (D.W.); (W.H.); (L.G.)
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; (H.C.); (Y.Y.)
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zhipeng Zeng
- School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (D.W.); (W.H.); (L.G.)
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (Z.Z.)
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Li J, Wang M, Cui M, Chen C, Cheng Z. Effect of Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP)-2, -4, and -7 on Proliferation and Osteogenic Differentiation in Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells (PDLSCs). J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2022.3038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Aim: To assess the effects of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2, BMP-4, and BMP-7 on human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSC) proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. Methods: PDLSCs were isolated by an immunomagnetic method. Cell surface antigen (CD146, CD44,
and CD34) expression and pluripotency (osteogenic and adipogenic) were determined. In doseresponse and time-course experiments, cultured PDLSCs were treated with individual BMPs, a combination of BMPs in 1:1 ratios, and a mixture of all three BMPs (1:1:1 ratio). In the dose-response experiments,
PDLSCs were incubated for 12 d with medium containing BMPs at a dose of 0, 10, 25, 50, or 100 ng/ml. In the time-course experiments, PDLSCs were administered 50 ng/ml BMPs for different times (0, 3, 6, 12, or 24 d). The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay
and an enzyme kit were used to quantify cell growth and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. Immunohistochemistry and western blotting were used to assess the expression of osteogenic differentiation-related proteins, i.e., osteocalcin, bone sialoprotein, collagen type I, and collagen type
III. Results: PDLSCs expressed CD146 (93%) and CD44 (91.2%) but not CD34 (1.8%). All cells exhibited osteogenic and adipogenic potential. PDLSC proliferation and ALP activity in PDLSCs treated with individual BMPs and BMPs combinations increased in a dose- and time-dependent manner;
proliferation and ALP activity were greater upon treatment with BMP combinations than upon treatment with individual BMPs. Compared with those in the control group, osteogenic differentiation-related proteins levels in PDLSCs treated with 50 ng/ml BMPs for 12 d were markedly increased, whereas
no obvious differences were detected between the groups subjected to different BMP treatments. Conclusion: BMP-2, BMP-4, and BMP-7 alone and in combination promoted the development and osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs, and the promotion of these cellular processes was more pronounced
upon treatment with BMP combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juedan Li
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, PR China
| | - Min Wang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, PR China
| | - Min Cui
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, PR China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, PR China
| | - Zheng Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, PR China
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Schrade S, Ritschl L, Süss R, Schilling P, Seidenstuecker M. Gelatin Nanoparticles for Targeted Dual Drug Release out of Alginate-di-Aldehyde-Gelatin Gels. Gels 2022; 8:365. [PMID: 35735709 PMCID: PMC9222291 DOI: 10.3390/gels8060365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present work was to develop a dual staged drug release of an antibiotic (clindamycin) and a growth factor: bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) from a biodegradable system consisting of hydrogel and gelatin nanoparticles (GNP). Two-step de-solvation allowed us to prepare GNPs (~100 nm) as drug carriers. Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-conjugated protein A was used as a model substance for BMP-2. A 28-day release experiment was performed to determine the release kinetics from GNP for both FITC-protein A and BMP-2, and for clindamycin (CLI) from the hydrogel. The size, structure, and overall morphology of GNP samples (empty, loaded with FITC-protein A and BMP-2) were examined using an environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM). Cell culture assays (Live/dead; cell proliferation; cytotoxicity) were performed with MG-63 cells and BMP-2-loaded GNPs. Drug release experiments using clindamycin-loaded alginate-di-aldehyde (ADA) gelatin gels containing the drug-loaded GNPs were performed for 28 days. The resulting GNPs showed an empty size of 117 ± 29 nm, 176 ± 15 nm and 216 ± 36 nm when containing 2% FITC-protein A and 1% BMP-2, respectively. No negative effects of BMP-2-loaded GNPs on MG-63 cells were observed in live/dead staining. In the proliferation assay, an increase in cell proliferation was observed for both GNPs (GNP + BMP-2 and controls). The cytotoxicity assay continuously showed very low cytotoxicity for GNPs (empty; loaded). Clindamycin release showed a concentration of 25-fold higher than the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against Staphylococcus aureus throughout the 28 day period. BMP-2 showed a reduced burst release and a steady release (~2 µg/mL) over a 28 day period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Schrade
- G.E.R.N. Center of Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Center—Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (S.S.); (L.R.); (P.S.)
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Sonnenstr. 5, 79104 Freiburg, Germany;
| | - Lucas Ritschl
- G.E.R.N. Center of Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Center—Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (S.S.); (L.R.); (P.S.)
| | - Regine Süss
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Sonnenstr. 5, 79104 Freiburg, Germany;
| | - Pia Schilling
- G.E.R.N. Center of Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Center—Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (S.S.); (L.R.); (P.S.)
| | - Michael Seidenstuecker
- G.E.R.N. Center of Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Center—Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (S.S.); (L.R.); (P.S.)
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Im SK, Lee JH, Lee KY, Yoo SJ. Effectiveness and Feasibility of Injectable Escherichia coli-Derived Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 for Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion at the Lumbosacral Junction in Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery: A Clinical Pilot Study. Orthop Surg 2022; 14:1350-1358. [PMID: 35633034 PMCID: PMC9251273 DOI: 10.1111/os.13303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the effectiveness and feasibility of injectable Escherichia coli‐derived recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (injectable E‐rhBMP‐2, a combination of E. coli‐derived recombinant human bone morphogenic protein‐2 and a hydrogel type beta‐tricalcium phosphate carrier) as a bone substitute for anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) of the lumbosacral junction in adult spinal deformity (ASD) patients. Methods A prospective single‐institution therapeutic exploratory trial was conducted. Twenty patients (average age: 69.1 years; 19 female and one male; average fusion level: 7.95) diagnosed with ASD with sagittal imbalance who underwent surgical treatment including ALIF at the lumbosacral junction from December 2017 to January 2019 were evaluated. Injectable E‐rhBMP‐2 was prepared by dissolving 3 mg of E. coli‐derived recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein‐2 in 1.5 ml H2O and mixing in situ with 9 g hydrogel type beta‐tricalcium phosphate. This bone graft substitute was loaded onto a metal ALIF cage and L5–S1 ALIF was performed in routine manner. Then posterior column osteotomy with multilevel oblique lumbar interbody fusion or pedicle subtraction osteotomy with accessory rod technique was performed to restore sagittal balance. Patients were followed up for 12 months. CT‐based fusion rates were examined at 6 and 12 months after surgery. Also, clinical outcomes (Oswestry Disability Index [ODI], Visual Analog Scale [VAS] score of the back and leg) were evaluated at 6 and 12 months after surgery. All postoperative adverse events were evaluated for the association with injectable E.BMP‐2. Results Of the 20 patients, loss to follow‐up occurred with one patient at 6 months after surgery and one patient at 12 months after surgery, resulting in a total of 18 patients who were available for follow‐up. Six months after surgery, 68.4% patients achieved solid fusion. Twelve months after surgery, 100% fusion rate was achieved. Compared to baseline values, ODI scores improved to 45.8% and 63.7%, VAS (back) improved to 69.2% and 72.8%, and VAS (leg) improved to 49.2% and 64.8%, respectively, at 6 and 12 months after surgery (p < 0.001 for all). Ten cases of adverse events occurred. But no adverse events were associated with injectable E‐rhBMP‐2. Conclusion Injectable E‐rhBMP‐2 will be an effective bone graft substitute when achieving solid interbody fusion in the lumbosacral junction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Kyu Im
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung-Hee Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ki Young Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung-Jin Yoo
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
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Ong JL, Shiels SC, Pearson J, Karajgar S, Miar S, Chiou G, Appleford M, Wenke JC, Guda T. Spatial rhBMP2 delivery from hydroxyapatite scaffolds sustains bone regeneration in rabbit radius. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2022; 28:363-374. [PMID: 35615881 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2022.0102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Regenerating large bone defects requires a multi-faceted approach combining optimal scaffold designs with appropriate growth factor delivery. Supraphysiological doses of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2(rhBMP2); typically used for the regeneration of large bone defects clinically in conjunction with an acellular collagen sponge (ACS), have resulted in many complications. In the current study, we develop a hydroxyapatite/collagen I (HA/Col) scaffold to improve the mechanical properties of the HA scaffolds while maintaining open connected porosity. Varying rhBMP2 dosages were then delivered from a collagenous periosteal membrane and paired with HA or HA/Col scaffolds to treat critical sized (15mm) diaphyseal radial defect in New Zealand white rabbits. The groups examined were ACS+76µg rhBMP2 (clinically used INFUSE dosage), HA+76µg rhBMP2, HA+15µg rhBMP2, HA/Col+15µg rhBMP2 and HA/Col+15µg rhBMP2+bone marrow derived stromal cells (bMSCs). After 8 weeks of implantation, all regenerated bones were evaluated using micro computed tomography, histology, histomorphometry and torsional testing. It was observed that the bone volume regenerated in the HA/Col + 15 µg rhBMP2 group was significantly higher than that in the groups with 76µg rhBMP2. The same scaffold and growth factor combination resulted in the highest bone mineral density of the regenerated bone, and the most bone apposition on the scaffold surface. Both the HA and HA/Col scaffolds paired with 15 µg rhBMP2 had sustained ingrowth of the mineralization front after 2 weeks compared to the groups with 76µg rhBMP2 which had far greater mineralization in the first 2 weeks after implantation. Complete bridging of the defect site and no significant differences in torsional strength, stiffness or angle at failure was observed across all groups. No benefit of additional bMSC seeding was observed on any of the quantified metrics, while bone-implant apposition was reduced in the cell seeded group. This study demonstrated that the controlled spatial delivery of rhBMP2 at the periosteum at significantly lower doses can be used as a strategy to improve bone regeneration around space maintaining scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo L Ong
- The University of Texas at San Antonio, 12346, Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, San Antonio, Texas, United States;
| | - Stefanie C Shiels
- The University of Texas at San Antonio, 12346, Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, San Antonio, Texas, United States.,US Army Institute of Surgical Research, 110230, Fort Sam Houston, Texas, United States;
| | - Joseph Pearson
- The University of Texas at San Antonio, 12346, Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, San Antonio, Texas, United States.,Georgia Institute of Technology, 1372, Wallace H Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Atlanta, Georgia, United States;
| | - Suyash Karajgar
- The University of Texas at San Antonio, 12346, Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, San Antonio, Texas, United States;
| | - Solaleh Miar
- The University of Texas at San Antonio, 12346, Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, San Antonio, Texas, United States;
| | - Gennifer Chiou
- The University of Texas at San Antonio, 12346, Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, San Antonio, Texas, United States;
| | - Mark Appleford
- The University of Texas at San Antonio, 12346, Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, San Antonio, Texas, United States;
| | - Joseph C Wenke
- US Army Institute of Surgical Research, 110230, Fort Sam Houston, Texas, United States.,The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, 12338, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, Galveston, Texas, United States;
| | - Teja Guda
- University of Texas at San Antonio, 12346, Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, San Antonio, Texas, United States;
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Notoginsenoside R1 Promotes Migration, Adhesin, Spreading, and Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27113403. [PMID: 35684342 PMCID: PMC9182421 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cellular activities, such as attachment, spreading, proliferation, migration, and differentiation are indispensable for the success of bone tissue engineering. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are the key precursor cells to regenerate bone. Bioactive compounds from natural products had shown bone regenerative potential. Notoginsenoside R1 (NGR1) is a primary bioactive natural compound that regulates various biological activities, including cardiovascular protection, neuro-protection, and anti-cancer effects. However, the effect of NGR1 on migration, adhesion, spreading, and osteogenic differentiation of MSCs required for bone tissue engineering application has not been tested properly. In this study, we aimed to analyze the effect of NGR1 on the cellular activities of MSCs. Since human adipose-derived stromal cells (hASCs) are commonly used MSCs for bone tissue engineering, we used hASCs as a model of MSCs. The optimal concentration of 0.05 μg/mL NGR1 was biocompatible and promoted migration and osteogenic differentiation of hASCs. Pro-angiogenic factor VEGF expression was upregulated in NGR1-treated hASCs. NGR1 enhanced the adhesion and spreading of hASCs on the bio-inert glass surface. NGR1 robustly promoted hASCs adhesion and survival in 3D-printed TCP scaffold both in vitro and in vivo. NGR1 mitigated LPS-induced expression of inflammatory markers IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in hASCs as well as inhibited the RANKL/OPG expression ratio. In conclusion, the biocompatible NGR1 promoted the migration, adhesion, spreading, osteogenic differentiation, and anti-inflammatory properties of hASCs.
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70
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Sun F, Sun X, Wang H, Li C, Zhao Y, Tian J, Lin Y. Application of 3D-Printed, PLGA-Based Scaffolds in Bone Tissue Engineering. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105831. [PMID: 35628638 PMCID: PMC9143187 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polylactic acid–glycolic acid (PLGA) has been widely used in bone tissue engineering due to its favorable biocompatibility and adjustable biodegradation. 3D printing technology can prepare scaffolds with rich structure and function, and is one of the best methods to obtain scaffolds for bone tissue repair. This review systematically summarizes the research progress of 3D-printed, PLGA-based scaffolds. The properties of the modified components of scaffolds are introduced in detail. The influence of structure and printing method change in printing process is analyzed. The advantages and disadvantages of their applications are illustrated by several examples. Finally, we briefly discuss the limitations and future development direction of current 3D-printed, PLGA-based materials for bone tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengbo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (X.S.); (H.W.)
- Correspondence: (F.S.); (Y.L.); Tel.: +86-010-62773741 (Y.L.)
| | - Xiaodan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (X.S.); (H.W.)
| | - Hetong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (X.S.); (H.W.)
| | - Chunxu Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China; (C.L.); (Y.Z.); (J.T.)
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China; (C.L.); (Y.Z.); (J.T.)
| | - Jingjing Tian
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China; (C.L.); (Y.Z.); (J.T.)
| | - Yuanhua Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (X.S.); (H.W.)
- Correspondence: (F.S.); (Y.L.); Tel.: +86-010-62773741 (Y.L.)
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Wu J, Yang J, Wang Y, Wang Y, Yu H, Han J, Zhang J. Biocompatible Coating on Micro‐structured Titanium Implants with Enhanced Osteogenesis to Facilitate Bone‐implant Integration. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiannan Wu
- Department of Implantology Tianjin Stomatological Hospital School of Medicine Nankai University Tianjin 300041 China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction Tianjin 300041 China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Implantology Tianjin Stomatological Hospital School of Medicine Nankai University Tianjin 300041 China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction Tianjin 300041 China
| | - Yanying Wang
- Department of Implantology Tianjin Stomatological Hospital School of Medicine Nankai University Tianjin 300041 China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction Tianjin 300041 China
| | - Yanduo Wang
- Department of Implantology Tianjin Stomatological Hospital School of Medicine Nankai University Tianjin 300041 China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction Tianjin 300041 China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Department of Implantology Tianjin Stomatological Hospital School of Medicine Nankai University Tianjin 300041 China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction Tianjin 300041 China
| | - Jing Han
- Department of Implantology Tianjin Stomatological Hospital School of Medicine Nankai University Tianjin 300041 China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction Tianjin 300041 China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Implantology Tianjin Stomatological Hospital School of Medicine Nankai University Tianjin 300041 China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction Tianjin 300041 China
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Wu S, Chen Z, Yu X, Duan X, Chen J, Liu G, Gong M, Xing F, Sun J, Huang S, Zhou X. A sustained release of BMP2 in urine-derived stem cells enhances the osteogenic differentiation and the potential of bone regeneration. Regen Biomater 2022; 9:rbac015. [PMID: 35529046 PMCID: PMC9070791 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbac015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-based tissue engineering is one of the optimistic approaches to replace current treatments for bone defects. Urine-derived stem cells (USCs) are obtained non-invasively and become one of the promising seed cells for bone regeneration. An injectable BMP2-releasing chitosan microspheres/type I collagen hydrogel (BMP2-CSM/Col I hydrogel) was fabricated. USCs proliferated in a time-dependent fashion, spread with good extension and interconnected with each other in different hydrogels both for 2D and 3D models. BMP2 was released in a sustained mode for more than 28 days. Sustained-released BMP2 increased the ALP activities and mineral depositions of USCs in 2D culture, and enhanced the expression of osteogenic genes and proteins in 3D culture. In vivo, the mixture of USCs and BMP2-CSM/Col I hydrogels effectively enhanced bone regeneration, and the ratio of new bone volume to total bone volume was 38% after 8 weeks of implantation. Our results suggested that BMP2-CSM/Col I hydrogels promoted osteogenic differentiation of USCs in 2D and 3D culture in vitro and USCs provided a promising cell source for bone tissue engineering in vivo. As such, USCs-seeded hydrogel scaffolds are regarded as an alternative approach in the repair of bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wu
- Orthopedic Research Institute, Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Zhao Chen
- Orthopedic Research Institute, Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Xi Yu
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Xin Duan
- Orthopedic Research Institute, Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Jialei Chen
- Orthopedic Research Institute, Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Guoming Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Min Gong
- Department of Orthopedics, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Fei Xing
- Orthopedic Research Institute, Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Jiachen Sun
- Orthopedic Research Institute, Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Shishu Huang
- Orthopedic Research Institute, Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Orthopedic Research Institute, Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, China
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Tateiwa D, Kaito T, Hashimoto K, Okada R, Kodama J, Kushioka J, Bal Z, Tsukazaki H, Nakagawa S, Ukon Y, Hirai H, Tian H, Alferiev I, Chorny M, Otsuru S, Okada S, Iwamoto M. Selective Retinoic Acid Receptor γ Antagonist 7C is a Potent Enhancer of BMP-Induced Ectopic Endochondral Bone Formation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:802699. [PMID: 35359440 PMCID: PMC8963923 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.802699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) have been clinically applied for induction of bone formation in musculoskeletal disorders such as critical-sized bone defects, nonunions, and spinal fusion surgeries. However, the use of supraphysiological doses of BMP caused adverse events, which were sometimes life-threatening. Therefore, safer treatment strategies for bone regeneration have been sought for decades. Systemic administration of a potent selective antagonist of retinoic acid nuclear receptor gamma (RARγ) (7C) stimulated BMP-induced ectopic bone formation. In this study, we developed 7C-loaded poly lactic nanoparticles (7C-NPs) and examined whether local application of 7C enhances BMP-induced bone regeneration. The collagen sponge discs that absorbed recombinant human (rh) BMP-2 were implanted into the dorsal fascia of young adult mice to induce ectopic bone. The combination of rhBMP-2 and 7C-NP markedly increased the total bone volume and thickness of the bone shell of the ectopic bone in a dose-dependent manner compared to those with rhBMP-2 only. 7C stimulated sulfated proteoglycan production, expression of chondrogenic marker genes, and Sox9 reporter activity in both chondrogenic cells and MSCs. The findings suggest that selective RARγ antagonist 7C or the related compounds potentiate the bone inductive ability of rhBMP-2, as well as support any future research to improve the BMP-2 based bone regeneration procedures in a safe and efficient manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Tateiwa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Takashi Kaito
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- *Correspondence: Takashi Kaito, ; Masahiro Iwamoto,
| | - Kunihiko Hashimoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka Second Police Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Rintaro Okada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mino Municipal Hospital, Mino, Japan
| | - Joe Kodama
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Junichi Kushioka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Zeynep Bal
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tsukazaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kansai Rosai Hospital, Amagasaki, Japan
| | - Shinichi Nakagawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Ukon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Hirai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Hongying Tian
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ivan Alferiev
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Michael Chorny
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Satoru Otsuru
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Seiji Okada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Masahiro Iwamoto
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- *Correspondence: Takashi Kaito, ; Masahiro Iwamoto,
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BMP-2 Long-Term Stimulation of Human Pre-Osteoblasts Induces Osteogenic Differentiation and Promotes Transdifferentiation and Bone Remodeling Processes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063077. [PMID: 35328498 PMCID: PMC8949995 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenic protein (BMP-) 2 plays an important role in the regeneration of bone defects by promoting osteogenic differentiation. However, several animal studies have reported adverse side effects of BMP-2, including osteoclast activation, induction of peroxisome proliferator- activated receptor gamma (PPARG)expression, and inflammation. High BMP-2 concentrations are thought to be responsible for these side effects. For this reason, primary pre-osteoblasts were exposed to lower BMP-2 concentrations (1 and 2 µg/mL). Long-term exposure (up to 28 days) was performed to investigate whether this stimulation protocol may promote osteogenic differentiation without causing the side effects mentioned above. The results showed that BMP-2 treatment for 14 or 28 days resulted in increased osteogenesis, through an increase in runt-related transcription factor 2, osterix, alkaline phosphatase, and integrin-binding sialoprotein expression. However, an increase in tumor necrosis factor alpha and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand protein levels was observed after BMP-2 exposure, indicating also an increased potential for osteoclast activation by osteoblasts. Additionally, morphological changes like intracellular, filled vacuoles could be detected. Enhanced PPARG and perilipin 1 mRNA transcripts and lipid droplets indicated an induced adipogenic differentiation. Overall, the data demonstrate that long-term BMP-2 exposure promotes not only osteogenic differentiation but also adipogenesis and regulates mediators involved in osteoclast activation in vitro.
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Gkiliopoulos D, Tsamesidis I, Theocharidou A, Pouroutzidou GK, Christodoulou E, Stalika E, Xanthopoulos K, Bikiaris D, Triantafyllidis K, Kontonasaki E. SBA-15 Mesoporous Silica as Delivery Vehicle for rhBMP-2 Bone Morphogenic Protein for Dental Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:822. [PMID: 35269309 PMCID: PMC8912683 DOI: 10.3390/nano12050822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: A proposed approach to promote periodontal tissue regeneration in cases of peri-implantitis is the local administration of growth factors at the implant site. Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rh-BMP-2) can effectively promote bone regeneration and osseointegration and the development of appropriate carriers for its delivery is of paramount importance. The aim of the present study was to develop SBA-15 mesoporous nanoparticles (MSNs) with varying porosity, evaluate their biocompatibility with human Periodontal Ligament Cells (hPDLCs) and to investigate their effectiveness as carriers of rh-BMP-2. (2) Methods: SBA-15 type mesoporous silicas were synthesized via sol-gel reaction. The calcined SBA-15 samples were characterized by N2 porosimetry, Fourier transform-infrared spectrometry (FTIR), Scanning (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Rh-BMP-2 loading and release kinetics were evaluated by UV spectroscopy. (3) Results: MSNs presented hexagonally arranged, tubular pores of varying length and diameter. Slightly higher loading capacity was achieved for SBA-15 with large pores that presented good hemocompatibility. MTT assay revealed no cytotoxic effects for all the tested materials, while SBA-15 with large pores induced a significant upregulation of cell viability at day 5. (4) Conclusions: SBA-15 MSNs may prove a valuable delivery platform towards the effective release of bone-inducing proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Gkiliopoulos
- Laboratory of Chemical and Environmental Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (D.G.); (K.T.)
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Balkan Center, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis Tsamesidis
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (I.T.); (A.T.); (G.K.P.); (E.S.)
| | - Anna Theocharidou
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (I.T.); (A.T.); (G.K.P.); (E.S.)
| | - Georgia K. Pouroutzidou
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (I.T.); (A.T.); (G.K.P.); (E.S.)
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Devices (AMDeLab), School of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Evi Christodoulou
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.C.); (D.B.)
| | - Evangelia Stalika
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (I.T.); (A.T.); (G.K.P.); (E.S.)
| | - Konstantinos Xanthopoulos
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Dimitrios Bikiaris
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.C.); (D.B.)
| | - Konstantinos Triantafyllidis
- Laboratory of Chemical and Environmental Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (D.G.); (K.T.)
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Balkan Center, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleana Kontonasaki
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (I.T.); (A.T.); (G.K.P.); (E.S.)
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De La Vega RE, van Griensven M, Zhang W, Coenen MJ, Nagelli CV, Panos JA, Peniche Silva CJ, Geiger J, Plank C, Evans CH, Balmayor ER. Efficient healing of large osseous segmental defects using optimized chemically modified messenger RNA encoding BMP-2. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabl6242. [PMID: 35171668 PMCID: PMC8849297 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abl6242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Large segmental osseous defects heal poorly. Recombinant, human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) is used clinically to promote bone healing, but it is applied at very high doses that cause adverse side effects and raise costs while providing only incremental benefit. We describe a previously unexplored, alternative approach to bone regeneration using chemically modified messenger RNA (cmRNA). An optimized cmRNA encoding BMP-2 was delivered to critical-sized femoral osteotomies in rats. The cmRNA remained orthotopically localized and generated BMP locally for several days. Defects healed at doses ≥25 μg of BMP-2 cmRNA. By 4 weeks, all animals treated with 50 μg of BMP-2 cmRNA had bridged bone defects without forming the massive callus seen with rhBMP-2. Moreover, such defects recovered normal mechanical strength quicker and initiated bone remodeling faster. cmRNA regenerated bone via endochondral ossification, whereas rhBMP-2 drove intramembranous osteogenesis; cmRNA provides an innovative, safe, and highly translatable technology for bone healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo E. De La Vega
- Rehabilitation Medicine Research Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- cBITE, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Martijn van Griensven
- Rehabilitation Medicine Research Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- cBITE, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | | | - Michael J. Coenen
- Rehabilitation Medicine Research Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Joseph A. Panos
- Rehabilitation Medicine Research Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Carlos J. Peniche Silva
- cBITE, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Elizabeth R. Balmayor
- Rehabilitation Medicine Research Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- IBE, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Corresponding author.
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77
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Kang Y, Xu C, Meng L, Dong X, Qi M, Jiang D. Exosome-functionalized magnesium-organic framework-based scaffolds with osteogenic, angiogenic and anti-inflammatory properties for accelerated bone regeneration. Bioact Mater 2022; 18:26-41. [PMID: 35387167 PMCID: PMC8961306 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes derived from human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs-Exos) have shown potential as an effective therapeutic tool for repairing bone defects. Although metal-organic framework (MOF) scaffolds are promising strategies for bone tissue regeneration, their potential use for exosome loading remains unexplored. In this study, motivated by the potential advantages of hADSCs-Exos and Mg-GA MOF, we designed and synthesized an exosome-functionalized cell-free PLGA/Mg-GA MOF (PLGA/Exo-Mg-GA MOF) scaffold, taking using of the benefits of hADSCs-Exos, Mg2+, and gallic acid (GA) to construct unique nanostructural interfaces to enhance osteogenic, angiogenic and anti-inflammatory capabilities simultaneously. Our in vitro work demonstrated the beneficial effects of PLGA/Exo-Mg-GA MOF composite scaffolds on the osteogenic effects in human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) and angiogenic effects in human umbilical endothelial cells (HUVECs). Slowly released hADSCs-Exos from composite scaffolds were phagocytosed by co-cultured cells, stabilized the bone graft environment, ensured blood supply, promoted osteogenic differentiation, and accelerated bone reconstruction. Furthermore, our in vivo experiments with rat calvarial defect model showed that PLGA/Exo-Mg-GA MOF scaffolds promoted new bone formation and satisfactory osseointegration. Overall, we provide valuable new insights for designing exosome-coated nanocomposite scaffolds with enhanced osteogenesis property. PLGA/Exo-Mg-GA MOF scaffolds with nanostructures were synthesized, on which exosomes were densely deposited on the above scaffolds. Composite scaffolds with exosomes can actualize the slow release of exosomes, Mg ions and gallic acid. PLGA/Exo-Mg-GA MOF scaffolds exhibit great biocompatibility and osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs. PLGA/Exo-Mg-GA MOF scaffolds have excellent osteogenic, pro-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory activity.
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78
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Hatt LP, Thompson K, Helms JA, Stoddart MJ, Armiento AR. Clinically relevant preclinical animal models for testing novel cranio-maxillofacial bone 3D-printed biomaterials. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e690. [PMID: 35170248 PMCID: PMC8847734 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering is a rapidly developing field with potential for the regeneration of craniomaxillofacial (CMF) bones, with 3D printing being a suitable fabrication tool for patient-specific implants. The CMF region includes a variety of different bones with distinct functions. The clinical implementation of tissue engineering concepts is currently poor, likely due to multiple reasons including the complexity of the CMF anatomy and biology, and the limited relevance of the currently used preclinical models. The 'recapitulation of a human disease' is a core requisite of preclinical animal models, but this aspect is often neglected, with a vast majority of studies failing to identify the specific clinical indication they are targeting and/or the rationale for choosing one animal model over another. Currently, there are no suitable guidelines that propose the most appropriate animal model to address a specific CMF pathology and no standards are established to test the efficacy of biomaterials or tissue engineered constructs in the CMF field. This review reports the current clinical scenario of CMF reconstruction, then discusses the numerous limitations of currently used preclinical animal models employed for validating 3D-printed tissue engineered constructs and the need to reduce animal work that does not address a specific clinical question. We will highlight critical research aspects to consider, to pave a clinically driven path for the development of new tissue engineered materials for CMF reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luan P. Hatt
- Regenerative Orthopaedics ProgramAO Research Institute DavosDavos, PlatzSwitzerland
- Department of Health Sciences and TechonologyInstitute for BiomechanicsETH ZürichZürichSwitzerland
| | - Keith Thompson
- Regenerative Orthopaedics ProgramAO Research Institute DavosDavos, PlatzSwitzerland
| | - Jill A. Helms
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryDepartment of Surgery, Stanford School of MedicineStanford UniversityPalo AltoCalifornia
| | - Martin J. Stoddart
- Regenerative Orthopaedics ProgramAO Research Institute DavosDavos, PlatzSwitzerland
| | - Angela R. Armiento
- Regenerative Orthopaedics ProgramAO Research Institute DavosDavos, PlatzSwitzerland
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Inchingolo F, Hazballa D, Inchingolo AD, Malcangi G, Marinelli G, Mancini A, Maggiore ME, Bordea IR, Scarano A, Farronato M, Tartaglia GM, Lorusso F, Inchingolo AM, Dipalma G. Innovative Concepts and Recent Breakthrough for Engineered Graft and Constructs for Bone Regeneration: A Literature Systematic Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:1120. [PMID: 35161065 PMCID: PMC8839672 DOI: 10.3390/ma15031120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For decades, regenerative medicine and dentistry have been improved with new therapies and innovative clinical protocols. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate through a critical review the recent innovations in the field of bone regeneration with a focus on the healing potentials and clinical protocols of bone substitutes combined with engineered constructs, growth factors and photobiomodulation applications. METHODS A Boolean systematic search was conducted by PubMed/Medline, PubMed/Central, Web of Science and Google scholar databases according to the PRISMA guidelines. RESULTS After the initial screening, a total of 304 papers were considered eligible for the qualitative synthesis. The articles included were categorized according to the main topics: alloplastic bone substitutes, autologous teeth derived substitutes, xenografts, platelet-derived concentrates, laser therapy, microbiota and bone metabolism and mesenchymal cells construct. CONCLUSIONS The effectiveness of the present investigation showed that the use of biocompatible and bio-resorbable bone substitutes are related to the high-predictability of the bone regeneration protocols, while the oral microbiota and systemic health of the patient produce a clinical advantage for the long-term success of the regeneration procedures and implant-supported restorations. The use of growth factors is able to reduce the co-morbidity of the regenerative procedure ameliorating the post-operative healing phase. The LLLT is an adjuvant protocol to improve the soft and hard tissues response for bone regeneration treatment protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (D.H.); (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (G.M.); (A.M.); (M.E.M.); (A.M.I.)
| | - Denisa Hazballa
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (D.H.); (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (G.M.); (A.M.); (M.E.M.); (A.M.I.)
- Kongresi Elbasanit, Rruga: Aqif Pasha, 3001 Elbasan, Albania
| | - Alessio Danilo Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (D.H.); (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (G.M.); (A.M.); (M.E.M.); (A.M.I.)
| | - Giuseppina Malcangi
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (D.H.); (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (G.M.); (A.M.); (M.E.M.); (A.M.I.)
| | - Grazia Marinelli
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (D.H.); (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (G.M.); (A.M.); (M.E.M.); (A.M.I.)
| | - Antonio Mancini
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (D.H.); (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (G.M.); (A.M.); (M.E.M.); (A.M.I.)
| | - Maria Elena Maggiore
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (D.H.); (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (G.M.); (A.M.); (M.E.M.); (A.M.I.)
| | - Ioana Roxana Bordea
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Antonio Scarano
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Marco Farronato
- UOC Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Dentistry, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Fondazione IRCCS Ca Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, 20100 Milan, Italy; (M.F.); (G.M.T.)
| | - Gianluca Martino Tartaglia
- UOC Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Dentistry, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Fondazione IRCCS Ca Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, 20100 Milan, Italy; (M.F.); (G.M.T.)
| | - Felice Lorusso
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Angelo Michele Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (D.H.); (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (G.M.); (A.M.); (M.E.M.); (A.M.I.)
| | - Gianna Dipalma
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (D.H.); (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (G.M.); (A.M.); (M.E.M.); (A.M.I.)
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Zhang X, Li J, Chen J, Peng Z, Chen J, Liu X, Wu F, Zhang P, Chen GGQ. Enhanced Bone Regeneration via PHA Scaffolds Coated with Polydopamine-Captured BMP2. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:6214-6227. [DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01122k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The hierarchical three-dimensional (3D)-printing scaffolds based on microbial polyester poly(3-hydrxoybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) (P34HB) were designed and used for bone tissue engineering via surface functionalization on the 3D-printed (P34HB) scaffolds using polydopamine (PDA)-mediated...
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81
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Zhou H, Zhang L, Chen Y, Zhu CH, Chen FM, Li A. Research progress on the hedgehog signalling pathway in regulating bone formation and homeostasis. Cell Prolif 2021; 55:e13162. [PMID: 34918401 PMCID: PMC8780935 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone formation is a complex regeneration process that was regulated by many signalling pathways, such as Wnt, Notch, BMP and Hedgehog (Hh). All of these signalling have been demonstrated to participate in the bone repair process. In particular, one promising signalling pathway involved in bone formation and homeostasis is the Hh pathway. According to present knowledge, Hh signalling plays a vital role in the development of various tissues and organs in the embryo. In adults, the dysregulation of Hh signalling has been verified to be involved in bone‐related diseases in terms of osteoarthritis, osteoporosis and bone fracture; and during the repair processes, Hh signalling could be reactivated and further modulate bone formation. In this chapter, we summarize our current understanding on the function of Hh signalling in bone formation and homeostasis. Additionally, the current therapeutic strategies targeting this cascade to coordinate and mediate the osteogenesis process have been reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Periodontology, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Periodontology, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chun-Hui Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Periodontology, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fa-Ming Chen
- Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ang Li
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Periodontology, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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82
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Kim DS, Lee JK, Kim JH, Lee J, Kim DS, An S, Park SB, Kim TH, Rim JS, Lee S, Han DK. Advanced PLGA hybrid scaffold with a bioactive PDRN/BMP2 nanocomplex for angiogenesis and bone regeneration using human fetal MSCs. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabj1083. [PMID: 34878837 PMCID: PMC8654289 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj1083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable polymers have been used with various systems for tissue engineering. Among them, poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) has been widely used as a biomaterial for bone regeneration because of its great biocompatibility and biodegradability properties. However, there remain substantial cruxes that the by-products of PLGA result in an acidic environment at the implanting site, and the polymer has a weak mechanical property. In our previous study, magnesium hydroxide (MH) and bone extracellular matrix are combined with a PLGA scaffold (PME) to improve anti-inflammation and mechanical properties and osteoconductivity. In the present study, the development of a bioactive nanocomplex (NC) formed along with polydeoxyribonucleotide and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) provides synergistic abilities in angiogenesis and bone regeneration. This PME hybrid scaffold immobilized with NC (PME/NC) achieves outstanding performance in anti-inflammation, angiogenesis, and osteogenesis. Such an advanced PME/NC scaffold suggests an integrated bone graft substitute for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Seul Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do 13488, Republic of Korea
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Kyu Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hyuk Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaemin Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Seon Kim
- Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghyun An
- Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Bin Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hyung Kim
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Seop Rim
- Fetal Stem Cell Research Center, CHA Advanced Research Institute, Gyeonggi-do 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Soonchul Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Keun Han
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do 13488, Republic of Korea
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83
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Cho JW, Kim BS, Yeo DH, Lim EJ, Sakong S, Lim J, Park S, Jeong YH, Jung TG, Choi H, Oh CW, Kim HJ, Park JW, Oh JK. 3D-printed, bioactive ceramic scaffold with rhBMP-2 in treating critical femoral bone defects in rabbits using the induced membrane technique. J Orthop Res 2021; 39:2671-2680. [PMID: 33580542 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Although autogenous bone grafts are an optimal filling material for the induced membrane technique, limited availability and complications at the harvest site have created a need for alternative graft materials. We aimed to investigate the effect of an rhBMP-2-coated, 3D-printed, macro/microporous CaO-SiO2 -P2 O5 -B2 O3 bioactive ceramic scaffold in the treatment of critical femoral bone defects in rabbits using the induced membrane technique. A 15-mm segmental bone defect was made in the metadiaphyseal area of the distal femur of 14 rabbits. The defect was filled with polymethylmethacrylate cement and stabilized with a 2.0 mm locking plate. After the membrane matured for 4 weeks, the scaffold was implanted in two randomized groups: Group A (3D-printed bioceramic scaffold) and Group B (3D-printed, bioceramic scaffold with rhBMP-2). Eight weeks after implantation, the radiographic assessment showed that the healing rate of the defect was significantly higher in Group B (7/7, 100%) than in Group A (2/7, 29%). The mean volume of new bone formation around and inside the scaffold doubled in Group B compared to that in Group A. The mean static and dynamic stiffness were significantly higher in Group B. Histological examination revealed newly formed bone in both groups. Extensive cortical bone formation along the scaffold was found in Group B. Successful bone reconstruction in critical-sized bone defects could be obtained using rhBMP-2-coated, 3D-printed, macro/microporous bioactive ceramic scaffolds. This grafting material demonstrated potential as an alternative graft material in the induced membrane technique for reconstructing critical-sized bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Woo Cho
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Korea University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom-Soo Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Dongsan Medical Center, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Hyun Yeo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Korea University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eic Ju Lim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Korea University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungyeob Sakong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Korea University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junyoung Lim
- 3D Innovation Center, R&D of 3D Printing Medical Devices on Bio-ceramics, CGBIO, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - SungNam Park
- 3D Innovation Center, R&D of 3D Printing Medical Devices on Bio-ceramics, CGBIO, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Hoon Jeong
- Department of Medical Device Development Center, Osong Medical Innovation Foundation, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Gon Jung
- Department of Medical Device Development Center, Osong Medical Innovation Foundation, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk Choi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Wug Oh
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak Jun Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Korea University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Woong Park
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Korea University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Keon Oh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Korea University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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84
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Vater C, Mehnert E, Bretschneider H, Bolte J, Findeisen L, Matuszewski LM, Zwingenberger S. Dose-Dependent Effects of a Novel Selective EP 4 Prostaglandin Receptor Agonist on Treatment of Critical Size Femoral Bone Defects in a Rat Model. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111712. [PMID: 34829941 PMCID: PMC8615441 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Difficulties in treating pseudarthrosis and critical bone defects are still evident in physicians’ clinical routines. Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) has shown promising osteoinductive results but also considerable side effects, not unexpected given that it is a morphogen. Thus, the bone regenerative potential of the novel selective, non-morphogenic EP4 prostaglandin receptor agonist KMN-159 was investigated in this study. Therefore, mineralized collagen type-1 matrices were loaded with different amounts of BMP-2 or KMN-159 and implanted into a 5 mm critical-sized femoral defect in rats. After 12 weeks of observation, micro-computed tomography scans were performed to analyze the newly formed bone volume (BV) and bone mineral density (BMD). Histological analysis was performed to evaluate the degree of defect healing and the number of vessels, osteoclasts, and osteoblasts. Data were evaluated using Kruskal-Wallis followed by Dunn’s post hoc test. As expected, animals treated with BMP-2, the positive control for this model, showed a high amount of newly formed BV as well as bone healing. For KMN-159, a dose-dependent effect on bone regeneration could be observed up to a dose optimum, demonstrating that this non-morphogenic mechanism of action can stimulate bone formation in this model system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina Vater
- University Center of Orthopedic, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (H.B.); (J.B.); (L.F.); (L.-M.M.); (S.Z.)
- Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Correspondence: (C.V.); (E.M.)
| | - Elisabeth Mehnert
- University Center of Orthopedic, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (H.B.); (J.B.); (L.F.); (L.-M.M.); (S.Z.)
- Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Correspondence: (C.V.); (E.M.)
| | - Henriette Bretschneider
- University Center of Orthopedic, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (H.B.); (J.B.); (L.F.); (L.-M.M.); (S.Z.)
- Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Julia Bolte
- University Center of Orthopedic, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (H.B.); (J.B.); (L.F.); (L.-M.M.); (S.Z.)
- Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Lisa Findeisen
- University Center of Orthopedic, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (H.B.); (J.B.); (L.F.); (L.-M.M.); (S.Z.)
- Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Lucas-Maximilian Matuszewski
- University Center of Orthopedic, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (H.B.); (J.B.); (L.F.); (L.-M.M.); (S.Z.)
- Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefan Zwingenberger
- University Center of Orthopedic, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (H.B.); (J.B.); (L.F.); (L.-M.M.); (S.Z.)
- Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
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85
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Aghali A. Craniofacial Bone Tissue Engineering: Current Approaches and Potential Therapy. Cells 2021; 10:cells10112993. [PMID: 34831216 PMCID: PMC8616509 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Craniofacial bone defects can result from various disorders, including congenital malformations, tumor resection, infection, severe trauma, and accidents. Successfully regenerating cranial defects is an integral step to restore craniofacial function. However, challenges managing and controlling new bone tissue formation remain. Current advances in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine use innovative techniques to address these challenges. The use of biomaterials, stromal cells, and growth factors have demonstrated promising outcomes in vitro and in vivo. Natural and synthetic bone grafts combined with Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSCs) and growth factors have shown encouraging results in regenerating critical-size cranial defects. One of prevalent growth factors is Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (BMP-2). BMP-2 is defined as a gold standard growth factor that enhances new bone formation in vitro and in vivo. Recently, emerging evidence suggested that Megakaryocytes (MKs), induced by Thrombopoietin (TPO), show an increase in osteoblast proliferation in vitro and bone mass in vivo. Furthermore, a co-culture study shows mature MKs enhance MSC survival rate while maintaining their phenotype. Therefore, MKs can provide an insight as a potential therapy offering a safe and effective approach to regenerating critical-size cranial defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arbi Aghali
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47908, USA
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86
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Establishment of a Novel Method for Spinal Discectomy Surgery in Elderly Rats in an In Vivo Spinal Fusion Model. Methods Protoc 2021; 4:mps4040079. [PMID: 34842793 PMCID: PMC8628999 DOI: 10.3390/mps4040079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The rat model is a common model for intervertebral disc (IVD) and spinal research. However, complications remain challenging. Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) are validated methods to minimize complications and improve safety and quality of studies. However, a SOP for rat spinal fusion surgery has been missing until now. Therefore, the aim of the study was to develop a SOP for spinal tail disc surgery in elderly Wistar rats (419.04 ± 54.84 g). An initial preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative surgical setup, including specific anaesthesia and pain management protocols, was developed. Anaesthesia was induced by subcutaneous injection of a pre-mixture of fentanyl, midazolam, and medetomidin with the addition of 0.5% isoflurane in oxygen and caudal epidural analgesia. The surgery itself consisted of the fixation of a customized external ring fixator with ⌀ 0.8 mm Kirschner wires at the proximal rat tail and a discectomy and replacement with bone morphogenetic protein coated beta-tricalcium-phosphate carrier. The postoperative setup included heating, analgesia with buprenorphine, and meloxicam, as well as special supplementary food. Anaesthesia, surgery, and pain management were sufficient. In the presented optimized SOP, no animals developed any complications. A SOP for spinal surgery in elderly rats in an in vivo spinal fusion model was developed successfully. This novel protocol can improve transparency, reproducibility, and external validity in experimental rat spinal surgery experiments.
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87
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Wu H, Yin G, Pu X, Wang J, Liao X, Huang Z. Inhibitory Effects of Combined Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, and Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor on Osteoclast Differentiation and Activity. Tissue Eng Part A 2021; 27:1387-1398. [PMID: 33632010 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2020.0325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and basic fibroblast growth factors (bFGF) are important regulators of bone development and bone remodeling involving the coordination of osteoblast-mediated bone formation and osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. The synergistic promotions of these growth factors on osteogenesis in the appropriate combination have been confirmed by a lot of studies, but the effect of this combined application on osteoclastogenesis still remains ambiguous. On the basis of comparing the osteoclastic potentials under stimulation of BMP-2, VEGF, or bFGF alone, this study focused on their combined effects on the differentiation and activity of osteoclasts. Our results showed that osteoclastogenesis was enhanced to some extent under the stimulation of BMP-2, VEGF, or bFGF alone, and the potential of these three growth factors to stimulate osteoclastogenesis was VEGF > BMP-2 > bFGF. However, the treatment with the combination of BMP-2 (50 ng/mL), VEGF (1 ng/mL), and bFGF (10 ng/mL), the most suitable dose combination for osteogenesis optimized in our previous study, weakened osteoclast differentiation confirmed by smaller tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive multinucleated cells, lower TRAP activity, and lower expression of dendritic cell-specific transmembrane protein, an important molecule regulating osteoclast fusion. Moreover, BMP-2, VEGF, and bFGF in combination also moderately inhibited the bone-resorbing activity of mature osteoclasts by suppressing the expression of osteoclast-specific genes cathepsin K, and matrix metalloproteinase-9. The underlying molecular mechanisms involved the suppression of the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand-induced c-Fos levels and the activation of nuclear factor of activated T cells c1, two major transcription factors in osteoclast differentiation. Taken together, our study showed that the combination of BMP-2 (50 ng/mL), VEGF (1 ng/mL), and bFGF (10 ng/mL) promoted osteoblastogenesis but inhibited osteoclastogenesis. Thus, the simultaneous use of BMP-2 (50 ng/mL), VEGF (1 ng/mL), and bFGF (10 ng/mL) in an appropriate combination might improve efficacious bone regeneration in a clinical setting. Impact statement Few studies have addressed the combined effects of multiple growth factors on osteoclasts. This study demonstrated that the simultaneous use of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2; 50 ng/mL), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF; 1 ng/mL), and basic fibroblast growth factors (bFGF; 10 ng/mL), the most suitable dose combination for osteogenesis optimized in our previous study, showed inhibitory effects on the differentiation and activity of osteoclasts. Our results suggest that the growth factor signaling pathways in osteoclasts may interact with each other. Furthermore, this study could provide new insights into the optimal application of BMP-2, VEGF, and bFGF for bone repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wu
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Guangfu Yin
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Ximing Pu
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Juan Wang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoming Liao
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Zhongbing Huang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
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88
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Hu T, Liu L, Lam RWM, Toh SY, Abbah SA, Wang M, Ramruttun AK, Bhakoo K, Cool S, Li J, Cho-Hong Goh J, Wong HK. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells with low dose bone morphogenetic protein 2 enhances scaffold-based spinal fusion in a porcine model. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2021; 16:63-75. [PMID: 34687157 DOI: 10.1002/term.3260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
High doses bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) have resulted in a series of complications in spinal fusion. We previously established a polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) carrier system that reduces the therapeutic dose of BMP-2 in both rodent and porcine spinal fusion models. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the combination of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and low dose BMP-2 delivered by PEC for bone regeneration in a porcine model of anterior lumbar interbody spinal fusion (ALIF) application. Six Yorkshire pigs underwent a tri-segmental (L2/L3; L3/L4; L4/L5) ALIF in four groups, namely: (a) BMSCs + 25 μg BMP-2/PEC (n = 9), (b) 25 μg BMP-2/PEC (n = 3), (c) BMSCs (n = 3), and (d) 50 μg BMP-2/absorbable collagen sponge (n = 3). Fusion outcomes were evaluated by radiography, biomechanical testing, and histological analysis after 12 weeks. Mean radiographic scores at 12 weeks were 2.7, 2.0, 1.0, and 1.0 for Groups 1 to 4, respectively. μ-CT scanning, biomechanical evaluation, and histological analysis demonstrated solid fusion and successful bone regeneration in Group 1. In contrast, Group 2 showed inferior quality and slow rate of fusion, and Groups 3 and 4 failed to fuse any of the interbody spaces. There was no obvious evidence of seroma formation, implant rejection, or any other complications in all groups. The results suggest that the combination of BMSCs and low dose BMP-2/PEC could further lower down the effective dose of the BMP-2 and be used as a bone graft substitute in the large animal ALIF model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Hu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Spine Surgery, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Raymond Wing Moon Lam
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Soo Yein Toh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sunny Akogwu Abbah
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Portiuncula University Hospital Ballinasloe, Galway, Ireland.,CÚRAM, Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Ming Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Amit Kumarsing Ramruttun
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kishore Bhakoo
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Simon Cool
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - James Cho-Hong Goh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hee-Kit Wong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,NUS Tissue Engineering Programme (NUSTEP), Life Sciences Institute, Singapore, Singapore
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89
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Comparison of Bone Regeneration in Different Forms of Bovine Bone Scaffolds with Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011121. [PMID: 34681785 PMCID: PMC8537640 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the bone regeneration ability of particle and block bones, acting as bone scaffolds, with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein (rhBMP)-2 and evaluate them as rhBMP-2 carriers. Demineralized bovine bone particles, blocks, and rhBMP-2 were grafted into the subperiosteal space of a rat calvarial bone, and the rats were randomly divided into four groups: particle, block, P (particle)+BMP, and B (block)+BMP groups. The bone volume of the B+BMP group was significantly higher than that of the other groups (p < 0.00), with no significant difference in bone mineral density. The average adipose tissue volume of the B+BMP group was higher than that of the P+BMP group, although the difference was not significant. Adipose tissue formation was observed in the rhBMP-2 application group. Histologically, the particle and B+BMP groups showed higher formation of a new bone. However, adipose tissue and void spaces were also formed, especially in the B+BMP group. Hence, despite the formation of a large central void space, rhBMP-2 could be effectively used with block bone scaffolds and showed excellent new bone formation. Further studies are required to evaluate the changes in adipose tissue.
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90
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A novel BMP-2-loaded hydroxyapatite/beta-tricalcium phosphate microsphere/hydrogel composite for bone regeneration. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16924. [PMID: 34413442 PMCID: PMC8376985 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96484-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Although bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) has potent osteoinductivity, the potential adverse events attributed to its burst release prevent its widespread clinical application. Therefore, there is a strong need for BMP delivery systems that maximize osteoinductivity while preventing adverse effects. We evaluated the bone-regenerating potential of NOVOSIS putty (NP), a novel composite combining hydroxyapatite, beta-tricalcium phosphate microsphere/poloxamer 407-based hydrogel, and recombinant human (rh) BMP-2. In vitro assessment of release kinetics by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay demonstrated sustained release of rhBMP-2 from NP and burst release from collagen sponge (CS), and in vivo assessment of release kinetics by longitudinal tracking of fluorescently labeled rhBMP-2 showed a longer biological half-life of rhBMP-2 with NP than with CS. Furthermore, osteogenic gene expression in MC3T3-E1 cells was significantly higher after co-culture with NP than after co-culture with CS, suggesting that the sustained release of rhBMP-2 from NP effectively contributed to the differentiation of osteoblasts. In a rat spinal fusion model, the volume and quality of newly formed bone was higher in the NP group than in the CS group. Use of NP results in efficient bone regeneration through sustained release of rhBMP-2 and improves the quality of BMP-induced bone.
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91
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The Adipose-Derived Stem Cell and Endothelial Cell Coculture System-Role of Growth Factors? Cells 2021; 10:cells10082074. [PMID: 34440843 PMCID: PMC8394058 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Adequate vascularization is a fundamental prerequisite for bone regeneration, formation and tissue engineering applications. Endothelialization of scaffold materials is a promising strategy to support neovascularization and bone tissue formation. Besides oxygen and nutrition supply, the endothelial network plays an important role concerning osteogenic differentiation of osteoprogenitor cells and consecutive bone formation. In this study we aimed to enhance the growth stimulating, proangiogenic and osteogenic features of the ADSC and HUVEC coculture system by means of VEGFA165 and BMP2 application. We were able to show that sprouting phenomena and osteogenic differentiation were enhanced in the ADSC/HUVEC coculture. Furthermore, apoptosis was unidirectionally decreased in HUVECs, but these effects were not further enhanced upon VEGFA165 or BMP2 application. In summary, the ADSC/HUVEC coculture system per se is a powerful tool for bone tissue engineering applications.
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92
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Jenjob R, Nguyen HP, Kim MK, Jiang Y, Kim JJ, Yang SG. Bisphosphonate-Conjugated Photo-Crosslinking Polyanionic Hyaluronic Acid Microbeads for Controlled BMP2 Delivery and Enhanced Bone Formation Efficacy. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:4138-4145. [PMID: 34347453 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we designed bisphosphonate-conjugated polyanionic hyaluronic acid (HA) microbeads (MBs) for the controlled delivery of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2). MBs were prepared via the photo-crosslinking of bisphosphonate (alendronate)-conjugated methacrylated HA (Alen-MHA). The polyanionic Alen-MHA MBs actively absorbed cationic BMP2 up to 91.0% of the loading efficacy and displayed a sustained release of BMP2 for 10 days. BMP2/Alen-MHA MBs induced osteogenic-related genes in cellular experiments and showed the highly increased bone formation efficacy in thigh muscle injection and rat spinal fusion animal models. Thus, BMP2/Alen-MHA MBs provide a promising opportunity to improve the delivery efficiency of BMP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratchapol Jenjob
- Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 FOUR Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 22212, South Korea
| | - Hong-Phuong Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 FOUR Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 22212, South Korea.,Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam
| | - Min-Kyoung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 FOUR Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 22212, South Korea
| | - Yixin Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 FOUR Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 22212, South Korea.,Inha Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 22332, South Korea
| | - Jung Joo Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 FOUR Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 22212, South Korea
| | - Su-Geun Yang
- Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 FOUR Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 22212, South Korea.,Inha Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 22332, South Korea
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93
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Macías I, Alcorta-Sevillano N, Infante A, Rodríguez CI. Cutting Edge Endogenous Promoting and Exogenous Driven Strategies for Bone Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7724. [PMID: 34299344 PMCID: PMC8306037 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone damage leading to bone loss can arise from a wide range of causes, including those intrinsic to individuals such as infections or diseases with metabolic (diabetes), genetic (osteogenesis imperfecta), and/or age-related (osteoporosis) etiology, or extrinsic ones coming from external insults such as trauma or surgery. Although bone tissue has an intrinsic capacity of self-repair, large bone defects often require anabolic treatments targeting bone formation process and/or bone grafts, aiming to restore bone loss. The current bone surrogates used for clinical purposes are autologous, allogeneic, or xenogeneic bone grafts, which although effective imply a number of limitations: the need to remove bone from another location in the case of autologous transplants and the possibility of an immune rejection when using allogeneic or xenogeneic grafts. To overcome these limitations, cutting edge therapies for skeletal regeneration of bone defects are currently under extensive research with promising results; such as those boosting endogenous bone regeneration, by the stimulation of host cells, or the ones driven exogenously with scaffolds, biomolecules, and mesenchymal stem cells as key players of bone healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iratxe Macías
- Stem Cells and Cell Therapy Laboratory, BioCruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, Plaza de Cruces S/N, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (I.M.); (N.A.-S.)
| | - Natividad Alcorta-Sevillano
- Stem Cells and Cell Therapy Laboratory, BioCruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, Plaza de Cruces S/N, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (I.M.); (N.A.-S.)
- University of Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Arantza Infante
- Stem Cells and Cell Therapy Laboratory, BioCruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, Plaza de Cruces S/N, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (I.M.); (N.A.-S.)
| | - Clara I. Rodríguez
- Stem Cells and Cell Therapy Laboratory, BioCruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, Plaza de Cruces S/N, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (I.M.); (N.A.-S.)
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94
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Laird NZ, Acri TM, Tingle K, Salem AK. Gene- and RNAi-activated scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: Current progress and future directions. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 174:613-627. [PMID: 34015421 PMCID: PMC8217358 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Large bone defects are usually managed by replacing lost bone with non-biological prostheses or with bone grafts that come from the patient or a donor. Bone tissue engineering, as a field, offers the potential to regenerate bone within these large defects without the need for grafts or prosthetics. Such therapies could provide improved long- and short-term outcomes in patients with critical-sized bone defects. Bone tissue engineering has long relied on the administration of growth factors in protein form to stimulate bone regeneration, though clinical applications have shown that using such proteins as therapeutics can lead to concerning off-target effects due to the large amounts required for prolonged therapeutic action. Gene-based therapies offer an alternative to protein-based therapeutics where the genetic material encoding the desired protein is used and thus loading large doses of protein into the scaffolds is avoided. Gene- and RNAi-activated scaffolds are tissue engineering devices loaded with nucleic acids aimed at promoting local tissue repair. A variety of different approaches to formulating gene- and RNAi-activated scaffolds for bone tissue engineering have been explored, and include the activation of scaffolds with plasmid DNA, viruses, RNA transcripts, or interfering RNAs. This review will discuss recent progress in the field of bone tissue engineering, with specific focus on the different approaches employed by researchers to implement gene-activated scaffolds as a means of facilitating bone tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah Z Laird
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Timothy M Acri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Kelsie Tingle
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Aliasger K Salem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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95
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van Houdt CIA, Koolen MKE, Lopez-Perez PM, Ulrich DJO, Jansen JA, Leeuwenburgh SCG, Weinans HH, van den Beucken JJJP. Regenerating Critical Size Rat Segmental Bone Defects with a Self-Healing Hybrid Nanocomposite Hydrogel: Effect of Bone Condition and BMP-2 Incorporation. Macromol Biosci 2021; 21:e2100088. [PMID: 34117838 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the current study is to assess the biological performance of self-healing hydrogels based on calcium phosphate (CaP) nanoparticles and bisphosphonate (BP) conjugated hyaluronan (HA) in a critical size segmental femoral bone defect model in rats. Additionally, these hydrogels are loaded with bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) and their performance is compared in healthy and osteoporotic bone conditions. Treatment groups comprise internal plate fixation and placement of a PTFE tube containing hydrogel (HABP -CaP) or hydrogel loaded with BMP-2 in two dosages (HABP -CaP-lowBMP2 or HABP -CaP-highBMP2). Twelve weeks after bone defect surgery, bone formation is analyzed by X-ray examination, micro-CT analysis, and histomorphometry. The data show that critical size, segmental femoral bone defects cannot be healed with HABP -CaP gel alone. Loading of the HABP -CaP gel with low dose BMP-2 significantly improve bone formation and resulted in defect bridging in 100% of the defects. Alternatively, high dose BMP-2 loading of the HABP -CaP gel does not improve bone formation within the defect area, but leads to excessive bone formation outside the defect area. Bone defect healing is not affected by osteoporotic bone conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire I A van Houdt
- Biomaterials, Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Radboudumc, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, Nijmegen, Gelderland, 6525 GA, The Netherlands
| | - Marianne K E Koolen
- Orthopedics, UMC Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Paula M Lopez-Perez
- Biomaterials, Radboudumc, Philips van Leijdenlaan 25, Nijmegen, Gelderland, 6525 EX, The Netherlands
| | - Dietmar J O Ulrich
- Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Radboudumc, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, Nijmegen, Gelderland, 6525 GA, The Netherlands
| | - John A Jansen
- Biomaterials, Radboudumc, Philips van Leijdenlaan 25, Nijmegen, Gelderland, 6525 EX, The Netherlands
| | - Sander C G Leeuwenburgh
- Biomaterials, Radboudumc, Philips van Leijdenlaan 25, Nijmegen, Gelderland, 6525 EX, The Netherlands
| | - Harrie H Weinans
- Orthopedics, UMC Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands
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96
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Subbiah R, Ruehle MA, Klosterhoff BS, Lin AS, Hettiaratchi MH, Willett NJ, Bertassoni LE, García AJ, Guldberg RE. Triple growth factor delivery promotes functional bone regeneration following composite musculoskeletal trauma. Acta Biomater 2021; 127:180-192. [PMID: 33823326 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.03.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Successful bone healing in severe trauma depends on early revascularization to restore oxygen, nutrient, growth factor, and progenitor cell supply to the injury. Therapeutic angiogenesis strategies have therefore been investigated to promote revascularization following severe bone injuries; however, results have been inconsistent. This is the first study investigating the effects of dual angiogenic growth factors (VEGF and PDGF) with low-dose bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2; 2.5 µg) on bone healing in a clinically challenging composite bone-muscle injury model. Our hydrogel-based delivery systems demonstrated a more than 90% protein entrapment efficiency and a controlled simultaneous release of three growth factors over 28 days. Co-stimulation of microvascular fragment constructs with VEGF and PDGF promoted vascular network formation in vitro compared to VEGF or PDGF alone. In an in vivo model of segmental bone and volumetric muscle loss injury, combined VEGF (5 µg) and PDGF (7.5 µg or 15 µg) delivery with a low dose of BMP-2 significantly enhanced regeneration of vascularized bone compared to BMP-2 treatment alone. Notably, the regenerated bone mechanics reached ~60% of intact bone, a value that was previously only achieved by delivery of high-dose BMP-2 (10 µg) in this injury model. Overall, sustained delivery of VEGF, PDFG, and BMP-2 is a promising strategy to promote functional vascularized bone tissue regeneration following severe composite musculoskeletal injury. Although this study is conducted in a clinically relevant composite injury model in rats using a simultaneous release strategy, future studies are necessary to test the regenerative potential of spatiotemporally controlled delivery of triple growth factors on bone healing using large animal models. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Volumetric muscle loss combined with delayed union or non-union bone defect causes deleterious effects on bone regeneration even with the supplementation of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2). In this study, the controlled delivery of dual angiogenic growth factors (vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF] + Platelet-derived growth factor [PDGF]) increases vascular growth in vitro. Co-delivering VEGF+PDGF significantly increase the bone formation efficacy of low-dose BMP-2 and improves the mechanics of regenerated bone in a challenging composite bone-muscle injury model.
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97
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Jin S, Xia X, Huang J, Yuan C, Zuo Y, Li Y, Li J. Recent advances in PLGA-based biomaterials for bone tissue regeneration. Acta Biomater 2021; 127:56-79. [PMID: 33831569 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.03.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Bone regeneration is an interdisciplinary complex lesson, including but not limited to materials science, biomechanics, immunology, and biology. Having witnessed impressive progress in the past decades in the development of bone substitutes; however, it must be said that the most suitable biomaterial for bone regeneration remains an area of intense debate. Since its discovery, poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) has been widely used in bone tissue engineering due to its good biocompatibility and adjustable biodegradability. This review systematically covers the past and the most recent advances in developing PLGA-based bone regeneration materials. Taking the different application forms of PLGA-based materials as the starting point, we describe each form's specific application and its corresponding advantages and disadvantages with many examples. We focus on the progress of electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds, three-dimensional (3D) printed scaffolds, microspheres/nanoparticles, hydrogels, multiphasic scaffolds, and stents prepared by other traditional and emerging methods. Finally, we briefly discuss the current limitations and future directions of PLGA-based bone repair materials. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: As a key synthetic biopolymer in bone tissue engineering application, the progress of PLGA-based bone substitute is impressive. In this review, we summarized the past and the most recent advances in the development of PLGA-based bone regeneration materials. According to the typical application forms and corresponding crafts of PLGA-based substitutes, we described the development of electrospinning nanofibrous scaffolds, 3D printed scaffolds, microspheres/nanoparticles, hydrogels, multiphasic scaffolds and scaffolds fabricated by other manufacturing process. Finally, we briefly discussed the current limitations and proposed the newly strategy for the design and fabrication of PLGA-based bone materials or devices.
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98
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Li C, Mills Z, Zheng Z. Novel cell sources for bone regeneration. MedComm (Beijing) 2021; 2:145-174. [PMID: 34766140 PMCID: PMC8491221 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A plethora of both acute and chronic conditions, including traumatic, degenerative, malignant, or congenital disorders, commonly induce bone disorders often associated with severe persisting pain and limited mobility. Over 1 million surgical procedures involving bone excision, bone grafting, and fracture repair are performed each year in the U.S. alone, resulting in immense levels of public health challenges and corresponding financial burdens. Unfortunately, the innate self-healing capacity of bone is often inadequate for larger defects over a critical size. Moreover, as direct transplantation of committed osteoblasts is hindered by deficient cell availability, limited cell spreading, and poor survivability, an urgent need for novel cell sources for bone regeneration is concurrent. Thanks to the development in stem cell biology and cell reprogramming technology, many multipotent and pluripotent cells that manifest promising osteogenic potential are considered the regenerative remedy for bone defects. Considering these cells' investigation is still in its relative infancy, each of them offers their own particular challenges that must be conquered before the large-scale clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenshuang Li
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Zane Mills
- College of DentistryUniversity of OklahomaOklahoma CityOklahomaUSA
| | - Zhong Zheng
- Division of Growth and Development, School of DentistryUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
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99
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Khandaker M, Kotturi H, Progri H, Tummala S, Nikfarjam S, Rao P, Hosna A, Arasu DT, Williams W, Haleem AM. In vitroand in vivoeffect of polycaprolactone nanofiber coating on polyethylene glycol diacrylate scaffolds for intervertebral disc repair. Biomed Mater 2021; 16. [PMID: 33915528 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/abfd12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) is an important class of photosensitive polymer with many tissue engineering applications. This study compared PEGDA and polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofiber matrix (NFM) coated PEGDA, referred to as PCL-PEGDA, scaffolds for their application in multiple tissue repair such as articular cartilage, nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disc (IVD). We examined each scaffold morphology, porosity, swelling ratio, degradation, mechanical strength, andin vitrocytocompatibility properties. A defect was created in Sprague Dawley rat tail IVD by scraping native cartilage tissue and disc space, then implanting the scaffolds in the disc space for 4 weeks to evaluatein vivoefficacy of multi-tissue repair. Maintenance of disc height and creation of a new cell matrix was assessed to evaluate each scaffold's ability to repair the tissue defect. Although both PEGDA and PCL-PEGDA scaffolds showed similar porosity ∼73%, we observed distinct topographical characteristics and a higher effect of degradation on the water-absorbing capacity for PEGDA compared to PCL-PEGDA. Mechanical tests showed higher compressive strength and modulus of PCL-PEGDA compared to PEGDA.In vitrocell studies show that the PCL NFM layer covering PEGDA improved osteoblast cell adhesion, proliferation, and migration into the PEGDA layer.In vivostudies concluded that the PEGDA scaffold alone was not ideal for implantation in rat caudal disc space without PCL nanofiber coating due to low compressive strength and modulus.In vivoresults confirm that the PCL-PEGDA scaffold-maintained disc space and created a proteoglycan and collagen-rich new tissue matrix in the defect site after 4 weeks of scaffold implantation. We concluded that our developed PCL-PEGDA has the potential to be used in multi-tissue defect site repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Khandaker
- Department of Engineering & Physics, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK, United States of America
| | - H Kotturi
- Department of Biology, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK, United States of America
| | - H Progri
- Department of Engineering & Physics, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK, United States of America
| | - S Tummala
- Department of Engineering & Physics, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK, United States of America
| | - S Nikfarjam
- Department of Biology, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK, United States of America
| | - P Rao
- Department of Engineering & Physics, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK, United States of America
| | - A Hosna
- Department of Engineering & Physics, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK, United States of America
| | - D T Arasu
- Department of Biology, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK, United States of America
| | - W Williams
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Edmond, Ok, United States of America
| | - A M Haleem
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Edmond, Ok, United States of America.,Department of Orthopedics, Cairo University College of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt
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100
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Seims KB, Hunt NK, Chow LW. Strategies to Control or Mimic Growth Factor Activity for Bone, Cartilage, and Osteochondral Tissue Engineering. Bioconjug Chem 2021; 32:861-878. [PMID: 33856777 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Growth factors play a critical role in tissue repair and regeneration. However, their clinical success is limited by their low stability, short half-life, and rapid diffusion from the delivery site. Supraphysiological growth factor concentrations are often required to demonstrate efficacy but can lead to adverse reactions, such as inflammatory complications and increased cancer risk. These issues have motivated the development of delivery systems that enable sustained release and controlled presentation of growth factors. This review specifically focuses on bioconjugation strategies to enhance growth factor activity for bone, cartilage, and osteochondral applications. We describe approaches to localize growth factors using noncovalent and covalent methods, bind growth factors via peptides, and mimic growth factor function with mimetic peptide sequences. We also discuss emerging and future directions to control spatiotemporal growth factor delivery to improve functional tissue repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly B Seims
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Natasha K Hunt
- Department of Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Lesley W Chow
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
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