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Durham KK, Chathely KM, Mak KC, Momen A, Thomas CT, Zhao YY, MacDonald ME, Curtis JM, Husain M, Trigatti BL. HDL protects against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in a scavenger receptor class B type 1-, PI3K-, and Akt-dependent manner. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2017; 314:H31-H44. [PMID: 28986362 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00521.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin is a widely used chemotherapeutic with deleterious cardiotoxic side effects. HDL has been shown to protect cardiomyocytes in vitro against doxorubicin-induced apoptosis. Scavenger receptor class B type 1 (SR-B1), a high-affinity HDL receptor, mediates cytoprotective signaling by HDL through Akt. Here, we assessed whether increased HDL levels protect against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in vivo and in cardiomyocytes in culture and explored the intracellular signaling mechanisms involved, particularly the role of SR-B1. Transgenic mice with increased HDL levels through overexpression of human apolipoprotein A1 (apoA1Tg/Tg) and wild-type mice (apoA1+/+) with normal HDL levels were treated repeatedly with doxorubicin. After treatment, apoA1+/+ mice displayed cardiac dysfunction, as evidenced by reduced left ventricular end-systolic pressure and +dP/d t, and histological analysis revealed cardiomyocyte atrophy and increased cardiomyocyte apoptosis after doxorubicin treatment. In contrast, apoA1Tg/Tg mice were protected against doxorubicin-induced cardiac dysfunction and cardiomyocyte atrophy and apoptosis. When SR-B1 was knocked out, however, overexpression of apoA1 did not protect against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Using primary neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes and human immortalized ventricular cardiomyocytes in combination with genetic knockout, inhibitors, or siRNA-mediated knockdown, we demonstrated that SR-B1 is required for HDL-mediated protection of cardiomyocytes against doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in vitro via a pathway involving phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and Akt1/2. Our findings provide proof of concept that raising apoA1 to supraphysiological levels can dramatically protect against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity via a pathway that is mediated by SR-B1 and involves Akt1/2 activation in cardiomyocytes. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We have identified an important role for the scavenger receptor class B type 1 in facilitating high-density lipoprotein-mediated protection of cardiomyocytes against stress-induced apoptosis and shown that increasing plasma high-density lipoprotein protects against the deleterious side effects of the chemotherapeutic and cardiotoxic drug doxorubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina K Durham
- Medical Sciences Graduate Program, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario , Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario , Canada.,Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario , Canada
| | - Kevin M Chathely
- Medical Sciences Graduate Program, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario , Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario , Canada.,Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario , Canada
| | - Kei Cheng Mak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario , Canada.,Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario , Canada
| | - Abdul Momen
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute and Heart and Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence for Cardiovascular Research, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario , Canada
| | - Cyrus T Thomas
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario , Canada
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhao
- Lipid Chemistry Group, Department of Agricultural, Food, and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta , Canada
| | - Melissa E MacDonald
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario , Canada
| | - Jonathan M Curtis
- Lipid Chemistry Group, Department of Agricultural, Food, and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta , Canada
| | - Mansoor Husain
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute and Heart and Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence for Cardiovascular Research, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario , Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario , Canada
| | - Bernardo L Trigatti
- Medical Sciences Graduate Program, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario , Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario , Canada.,Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario , Canada
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Zhang Z, Li H, Chen S, Li Y, Cui Z, Ma J. Knockdown of MicroRNA-122 Protects H9c2 Cardiomyocytes from Hypoxia-Induced Apoptosis and Promotes Autophagy. Med Sci Monit 2017; 23:4284-4290. [PMID: 28871076 PMCID: PMC5597036 DOI: 10.12659/msm.902936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a severe disease causing heart failure and sudden death. Studies indicate that microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the pathophysiology of AMI. In the present study, we carefully explored the effects of miR-122 on myocardial hypoxia injury and its possible underlying mechanism. MATERIAL AND METHODS miR-122 expression was analyzed in H9c2 cardiomyocytes after being transfected with miR-122 mimic, ASO-miR-122, or negative control. Cell viability and apoptosis were investigated by CCK-8 assays and flow cytometry analysis, respectively. Cell migration was analyzed using wound-healing assays. Western blotting was performed to analyze the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN)/phosphatidylinositol 3-hydroxy kinase (PI3K)/AKT and LC3-II/LC3-I. RESULTS Hypoxia exposure significantly inhibited H9c2 cell viability (P<0.01). miR-122 overexpression promoted the hypoxia-induced H9c2 cell proliferation and migration loss (P<0.05), and cell apoptosis was increased (P<0.05). miR-122 knockdown enhanced cell viability and decreased cell apoptosis (P<0.05). Knockdown of miR-122 enhanced PTEN/PI3K/AKT activation and cell autophagy. Overexpression of miR-122 inhibited the PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway and cell autophagy pathway. CONCLUSIONS The expression of miR-122 is involved in hypoxia-induced H9c2 cardiomyocyte injury. Knockdown of miR-122 protects H9c2 cells from hypoxia-induced apoptosis and enhances cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaiwei Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Hu Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Shasha Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Zhiyuan Cui
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China (mainland)
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Scrimgeour LA, Potz BA, Elmadhun NY, Chu LM, Sellke FW. Alcohol attenuates myocardial ischemic injury. Surgery 2017; 162:680-687. [PMID: 28602493 PMCID: PMC5606240 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2017.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Moderate alcohol consumption is cardioprotective but the mechanism of action remains unclear. Nuclear factor κ-B regulates the expression of genes involved in inflammation, stress, and apoptosis. We used a swine model of diet-induced metabolic syndrome to investigate the effects of red wine and vodka on nuclear factor κ-B signaling and cytokine activity in chronically ischemic myocardium. METHODS Yorkshire swine were given a high-fat diet for 4 weeks; an ameroid constrictor was then placed on the left circumflex artery. The high-fat diet was continued and the swine were divided into 3 groups for 7 weeks: hypercholesterolemic diet alone (control, n = 8), hypercholesterolemic diet with vodka (vodka, n = 8), and hypercholesterolemic diet with wine (wine, n = 8). Ischemic myocardium was analyzed by Western blot and cytokine array. RESULTS Administration of alcohol was associated with decreased expression of inhibitor of κ-B kinase complex α, inhibitor of κ-B kinase complex β, and phosphorylated inhibitor of κ-B β in the ischemic myocardium compared with the control group. Alcohol administration demonstrated an increase in nuclear factor κ-B in the ischemic myocardium. Both wine and vodka demonstrated a significant decrease in leptin, interleukin-1α, IL-13, IL-15, and interferon-γ. Vodka demonstrated a significant decrease in phosphorylated BCL-2 and caspase-9. CONCLUSION In ischemic myocardium, alcohol modulates the nuclear factor κ-B pathway, which may contribute to the adaptive response of tissues to the stress of ischemia. Furthermore, both wine and vodka decreased multiple proinflammatory cytokines. This study provides a mechanism by which alcohol may be cardioprotective in ischemic myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Scrimgeour
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Lifespan Hospitals, Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Brittany A Potz
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Lifespan Hospitals, Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Nassrene Y Elmadhun
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Lifespan Hospitals, Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Louis M Chu
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Lifespan Hospitals, Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Frank W Sellke
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Lifespan Hospitals, Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI.
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Tasatargil A, Kuscu N, Dalaklioglu S, Adiguzel D, Celik-Ozenci C, Ozdem S, Barutcigil A, Ozdem S. Cardioprotective effect of nesfatin-1 against isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats: Role of the Akt/GSK-3β pathway. Peptides 2017; 95:1-9. [PMID: 28720397 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to evaluate the cardioprotective effects of nesfatin-1, a novel peptide with anorexigenic properties, in rats with isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial infarction (MI), and to further investigate the role of Akt/GSK-3β signaling pathway in the protective effect of nesfatin-1. To induce MI, ISO was subcutaneously injected into the rats for two consecutive days at a dosage of 85mg/kg/day. ISO-induced myocardial damage was indicated by elevated levels of cardiac specific troponin-T, enhanced myocardial expression of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α), and increased number of cells with apoptotic and necrotic appearance in the myocardial tissue. Levels of p-Akt/Akt and p-GSK-3β/GSK-3β significantly decreased in heart tissue after ISO-induced MI. However, intraperitoneal administration of nesfatin-1 (10μg/kg/day) elicited a significant cardioprotective activity by lowering the levels of cardiac troponin-T and proinflammatory cytokines, indicating the protective effect of nesfatin-1 against ISO-induced MI. The biochemical findings were further confirmed by histopathological examination, which was demonstrated by reduced number of apoptotic and necrotic cells. Moreover, expressions of p-Akt/Akt and p-GSK-3β/GSK-3β in the myocardium of MI group rats were significantly increased by nesfatin-1 administration, suggesting that nesfatin-1, which appears to possess anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory properties, may confer protection against ISO-induced MI via an Akt/GSK-3β-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arda Tasatargil
- Akdeniz University, Medical Faculty, Department of Pharmacology, 07070, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Nilay Kuscu
- Akdeniz University, Medical Faculty, Department of Histology and Embryology, 07070, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Selvinaz Dalaklioglu
- Akdeniz University, Medical Faculty, Department of Pharmacology, 07070, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Dileyra Adiguzel
- Akdeniz University, Medical Faculty, Department of Histology and Embryology, 07070, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ciler Celik-Ozenci
- Akdeniz University, Medical Faculty, Department of Histology and Embryology, 07070, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Sebahat Ozdem
- Akdeniz University, Medical Faculty, Department of Biochemistry, 07070, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ayse Barutcigil
- Akdeniz University, Medical Faculty, Department of Pharmacology, 07070, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Sadi Ozdem
- Akdeniz University, Medical Faculty, Department of Pharmacology, 07070, Antalya, Turkey
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55
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Mechanisms contributing to cardiac remodelling. Clin Sci (Lond) 2017; 131:2319-2345. [PMID: 28842527 DOI: 10.1042/cs20171167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac remodelling is classified as physiological (in response to growth, exercise and pregnancy) or pathological (in response to inflammation, ischaemia, ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, biomechanical stress, excess neurohormonal activation and excess afterload). Physiological remodelling of the heart is characterized by a fine-tuned and orchestrated process of beneficial adaptations. Pathological cardiac remodelling is the process of structural and functional changes in the left ventricle (LV) in response to internal or external cardiovascular damage or influence by pathogenic risk factors, and is a precursor of clinical heart failure (HF). Pathological remodelling is associated with fibrosis, inflammation and cellular dysfunction (e.g. abnormal cardiomyocyte/non-cardiomyocyte interactions, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, autophagy alterations, impairment of metabolism and signalling pathways), leading to HF. This review describes the key molecular and cellular responses involved in pathological cardiac remodelling.
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Carillion A, Feldman S, Na N, Biais M, Carpentier W, Birenbaum A, Cagnard N, Loyer X, Bonnefont-Rousselot D, Hatem S, Riou B, Amour J. Atorvastatin reduces β-Adrenergic dysfunction in rats with diabetic cardiomyopathy. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180103. [PMID: 28727746 PMCID: PMC5519044 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the diabetic heart the β-adrenergic response is altered partly by down-regulation of the β1-adrenoceptor, reducing its positive inotropic effect and up-regulation of the β3-adrenoceptor, increasing its negative inotropic effect. Statins have clinical benefits on morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients which are attributed to their “pleiotropic” effects. The objective of our study was to investigate the role of statin treatment on β-adrenergic dysfunction in diabetic rat cardiomyocytes. Methods β-adrenergic responses were investigated in vivo (echocardiography) and ex vivo (left ventricular papillary muscles) in healthy and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, who were pre-treated or not by oral atorvastatin over 15 days (50 mg.kg-1.day-1). Micro-array analysis and immunoblotting were performed in left ventricular homogenates. Data are presented as mean percentage of baseline ± SD. Results Atorvastatin restored the impaired positive inotropic effect of β-adrenergic stimulation in diabetic hearts compared with healthy hearts both in vivo and ex vivo but did not suppress the diastolic dysfunction of diabetes. Atorvastatin changed the RNA expression of 9 genes in the β-adrenergic pathway and corrected the protein expression of β1-adrenoceptor and β1/β3-adrenoceptor ratio, and multidrug resistance protein 4 (MRP4). Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibition abolished the beneficial effects of atorvastatin on the β-adrenoceptor response. Conclusions Atorvastatin restored the positive inotropic effect of the β-adrenoceptor stimulation in diabetic cardiomyopathy. This effect is mediated by multiple modifications in expression of proteins in the β-adrenergic signaling pathway, particularly through the NOS pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aude Carillion
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR INSERM 1166, IHU ICAN, and Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France
| | - Sarah Feldman
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR INSERM 1166, IHU ICAN, and Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France
| | - Na Na
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR INSERM 1166, IHU ICAN, and Department of Emergency Medicine and Surgery, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France
| | - Matthieu Biais
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR INSERM 1166, IHU ICAN, and Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Université Bordeaux Segalen, Hôpital Pellegrin, Bordeaux, France
| | - Wassila Carpentier
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Post-Genomic Platform, Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Birenbaum
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR INSERM 1166, IHU ICAN, and Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Cagnard
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Paris Descartes, Bioinformatics Platform, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Loyer
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Paris Descartes, UMRS INSERM U970, Cardiovascular Research center, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France
| | - Dominique Bonnefont-Rousselot
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris Descartes University, CNRS UMR8258—INSERM U1022, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Metabolic Biochemistry, La Pitié Salpêtrière-Charles Foix University Hospital (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Hatem
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR INSERM 1166, IHU ICAN, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France
| | - Bruno Riou
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR INSERM 1166, IHU ICAN, and Department of Emergency Medicine and Surgery, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France
| | - Julien Amour
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR INSERM 1166, IHU ICAN, and Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France
- * E-mail:
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Zhu ML, Yin YL, Ping S, Yu HY, Wan GR, Jian X, Li P. Berberine promotes ischemia-induced angiogenesis in mice heart via upregulation of microRNA-29b. Clin Exp Hypertens 2017; 39:672-679. [PMID: 28722488 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2017.1313853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Berberine has several preventive effects on cardiovascular diseases. Increased expression of miR-29b has been reported to attenuate cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI). We hypothesized that berberine via an miR-29b-dependent mechanism promotes angiogenesis and improves heart functions in mice after MI. METHODS The MI model was established in mice by ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery. The expression of miR-29b was examined by RT-qPCR. Angiogenesis was assessed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Berberine increased miR-29b expression and promoted cell proliferations and migrations in cultured endothelial cells, which were abolished by miR-29b antagomir or AMP-activated protein kinase inhibitor compound C. In mice following MI, administration of berberine significantly increased miR-29b expressional level, promoted angiogenesis, reduced infarct size, and improved heart functions after 14 postoperative days. Importantly, these in vivo effects of berberine were ablated by antagonism of miR-29b. CONCLUSION Berberine via upregulation of miR-29b promotes ischemia-induced angiogenesis and improves heart functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo-Li Zhu
- a College of Pharmacy , Xinxiang Medical University , Xinxiang , Henan , China
| | - Ya-Ling Yin
- b School of Basic Medical Sciences , Xinxiang Medical University , Xinxiang , Henan , China
| | - Song Ping
- a College of Pharmacy , Xinxiang Medical University , Xinxiang , Henan , China
| | - Hai-Ya Yu
- c Department of Neurology , The People's Hospital of Xishui County , Huangang , Hubei , China
| | - Guang-Rui Wan
- a College of Pharmacy , Xinxiang Medical University , Xinxiang , Henan , China
| | - Xu Jian
- a College of Pharmacy , Xinxiang Medical University , Xinxiang , Henan , China
| | - Peng Li
- a College of Pharmacy , Xinxiang Medical University , Xinxiang , Henan , China
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Sun X, Kellner M, Desai AA, Wang T, Lu Q, Kangath A, Qu N, Klinger C, Fratz S, Yuan JXJ, Jacobson JR, Garcia JGN, Rafikov R, Fineman JR, Black SM. Asymmetric Dimethylarginine Stimulates Akt1 Phosphorylation via Heat Shock Protein 70-Facilitated Carboxyl-Terminal Modulator Protein Degradation in Pulmonary Arterial Endothelial Cells. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2017; 55:275-87. [PMID: 26959555 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2015-0185oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) induces the mitochondrial translocation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) through the nitration-mediated activation of Akt1. However, it is recognized that the activation of Akt1 requires phosphorylation events at threonine (T) 308 and serine (S) 473. Thus, the current study was performed to elucidate the potential effect of ADMA on Akt1 phosphorylation and the mechanisms that are involved. Exposure of pulmonary arterial endothelial cells to ADMA enhanced Akt1 phosphorylation at both threonine 308 and Ser473 without altering Akt1 protein levels, phosphatase and tensin homolog activity, or membrane Akt1 levels. Heat shock protein (Hsp) 90 plays a pivotal role in maintaining Akt1 activity, and our results demonstrate that ADMA decreased Hsp90-Akt1 interactions, but, surprisingly, overexpression of a dominant-negative Hsp90 mutant increased Akt1 phosphorylation. ADMA exposure or overexpression of dominant-negative Hsp90 increased Hsp70 levels, and depletion of Hsp70 abolished ADMA-induced Akt1 phosphorylation. ADMA decreased the interaction of Akt1 with its endogenous inhibitor, carboxyl-terminal modulator protein (CTMP). This was mediated by the proteasomal-dependent degradation of CTMP. The overexpression of CTMP attenuated ADMA-induced Akt1 phosphorylation at Ser473, eNOS phosphorylation at Ser617, and eNOS mitochondrial translocation. Finally, we found that the mitochondrial translocation of eNOS in our lamb model of pulmonary hypertension is associated with increased Akt1 and eNOS phosphorylation and reduced Akt1-CTMP protein interactions. In conclusion, our data suggest that CTMP is directly involved in ADMA-induced Akt1 phosphorylation in vitro and in vivo, and that increasing CTMP levels may be an avenue to treat pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xutong Sun
- 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Manuela Kellner
- 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Ankit A Desai
- 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Ting Wang
- 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Qing Lu
- 2 Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Archana Kangath
- 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Ning Qu
- 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Christina Klinger
- 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Sohrab Fratz
- 3 Pediatric Cardiology and Congenital Heart Disease, German Heart Center at the Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jason X-J Yuan
- 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Jeffrey R Jacobson
- 4 Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; and
| | - Joe G N Garcia
- 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Ruslan Rafikov
- 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Jeffrey R Fineman
- 5 Department of Pediatrics and.,6 Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Stephen M Black
- 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
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Liu H, Yin T, Yan W, Si R, Wang B, Chen M, Li F, Wang Q, Tao L. Dysregulation of microRNA-214 and PTEN contributes to the pathogenesis of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2017; 12:1781-1791. [PMID: 28684904 PMCID: PMC5485897 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s104627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension, which is characterized by vascular remodeling of blood vessels, is an important complication in COPD. In this study, we found that the expression of miR-214 was differentially expressed by screening 13 candidate miRNAs in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Additionally, using luciferase assay in PASMCs, we found that phosphatase-and-tensin homolog (PTEN) was a target of miR-214. Furthermore, the expression of PTEN was found to be substantially downregulated in PASMCs from COPD patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) compared with normal controls by using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), immunohistochemistry, and Western blot. In addition, we transfected PASMCs with miR-214 mimics, using real-time PCR and Western blotting, to confirm the miRNA/mRNA relationship. Furthermore, the introduction of miR-214 significantly promoted the proliferation of PASMCs by suppressing apoptosis of the cells, which was mediated by the downregulation of PTEN. Exposure to hypoxia significantly increased the expression of miR-214 and decreased the expression of PTEN in PASMCs, and its proliferation was significantly promoted. Such effects could be significantly attenuated by the introduction of miR-214 inhibitors, which significantly downregulated miR-214 expression and upregulated the expression of PTEN. In conclusion, hypoxia-induced upregulation of miR-214 was found to promote PH development by targeting PTEN in PASMCs, and miR-214 could be a promising diagnostic tool and novel therapeutic target in the management of hypoxia-induced PH in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- HaiTao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjun Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Si
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Mai Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Tao
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
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Sangoi MG, Lamothe SM, Guo J, Yang T, Li W, Avery EG, Fisher JT, Zhang S. β-Arrestin-Mediated Regulation of the Human Ether-a-go-go-Related Gene Potassium Channel. Mol Pharmacol 2017; 92:162-174. [DOI: 10.1124/mol.116.108035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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Wang X, Chen W, Zhang J, Khan A, Li L, Huang F, Qiu Z, Wang L, Chen X. Critical Role of ADAMTS2 (A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase With Thrombospondin Motifs 2) in Cardiac Hypertrophy Induced by Pressure Overload. Hypertension 2017; 69:1060-1069. [PMID: 28373586 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.116.08581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Revised: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
ADAMTS2 (A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase With Thrombospondin Motifs 2) is recognized as a metalloproteinase that promotes the cleavage of amino propeptides of types I, II, III, and V procollagens. However, the role of ADAMTS2 in the heart has not yet been defined. Herein, we observed the upregulated expression of ADAMTS2 in failing human hearts and hypertrophic murine hearts. Mice lacking ADAMTS2 display exacerbated cardiac hypertrophy on pressure overload-induced hypertrophic response, whereas mice with cardiac-specific overexpression of ADAMTS2 display alleviation of this detrimental phenotype. Consistent with these results, in vitro loss or gain of function experiments in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes confirmed that ADAMTS2 negatively regulates cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in response to Ang II. Mechanistically, blockage of the PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase)/AKT (protein kinase B)-dependent signaling pathway with specific inhibitors both in vivo and in vitro could rescue the aggravated hypertrophic response to the loss of ADAMTS2. Collectively, we propose that ADAMTS2 regulates the hypertrophic response through inhibiting the activation of the PI3K/AKT-dependent signaling pathway. Because ADAMTS2 is an extracellular protein, it could be effectively manipulated using pharmacological means to modulate cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodi Wang
- From the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Chen
- From the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhang
- From the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiman Khan
- From the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangpeng Li
- From the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuhua Huang
- From the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhibing Qiu
- From the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Liming Wang
- From the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Chen
- From the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang J, Storey KB. Insect cold hardiness: the role of mitogen-activated protein kinase and Akt signalling in freeze avoiding larvae of the goldenrod gall moth, Epiblema scudderiana. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 26:181-189. [PMID: 27880024 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Larvae of the goldenrod gall moth, Epiblema scudderiana, use the freeze avoidance strategy of cold hardiness to survive the winter. Here we report that protein kinase-dependent signal transduction featuring mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling cascades (extracellular signal regulated kinase, c-jun N-terminal kinase and p38 MAPK pathways) and the Akt (also known as protein kinase B, or PKB) pathway could be integral parts of the development of cold hardiness by E. scudderiana. We used Luminex technology to assess the protein levels and phosphorylation status of key components and downstream targets of those pathways in larvae in response to low temperature acclimation. The data showed that MAPK pathways (both total protein and phosphorylated MAPK targets) were inhibited after 5°C acclimation, but not -15°C exposure, as compared with the 15°C control group. However, total heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) levels increased dramatically by ∼12-fold in the -15°C acclimated insects. Elevated HSP27 may facilitate anti-apoptotic mechanisms in an Akt-dependent fashion. By contrast, both 5 and -15°C acclimation produced signs of Akt pathway activation. In particular, the inhibitor phosphorylated Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3a (p-GSK3) levels remained high in cold-exposed larvae. Additionally, activation of the Akt pathway might also facilitate inhibition of apoptosis independently of GSK3. Overall, the current study indicates that both MAPK and Akt signal transduction may play essential roles in freeze avoidance by E. scudderiana.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - K B Storey
- Institute of Biochemistry and Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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HOTAIR functions as a competing endogenous RNA to regulate PTEN expression by inhibiting miR-19 in cardiac hypertrophy. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 432:179-187. [PMID: 28316060 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3008-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Sustained cardiac hypertrophy (CH) is related to a variety of physiological as well as pathological stimuli and eventually increases the risk of heart failure. HOTAIR has been identified as a competing endogenous RNA in multiple human biological processes. Whether lncRNA-HOTAIR is involved in the progress of CH and how it works still remain unknown. Herein, we found that HOTAIR was down-regulated, while miR-19 was up-regulated in both heart tissues from TAC-operated mice in vivo and cultural cardiomyocytes treated with Ang-II in vitro by real-time PCR. Meanwhile, HOTAIR expression was negatively correlated with miR-19 in TAC-operated mice. HOTAIR overexpression reduced cell surface area and the expression of hypertrophic markers ANP, BNP, and β-MHC in response to Ang-II stimulation as well as knockdown of miR-19. The further molecular mechanisms of HOTAIR action in CH demonstrated that HOTAIR may act as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for miR-19, thereby modulating the dis-inhibition of its endogenous target PTEN and playing an important role in inhibiting CH progress. These findings reveal a novel function of LncRNAs, which conduce to an extensive understanding of CH and provide novel research directions and therapeutic options for treating this disease.
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Targeted inhibition of Focal Adhesion Kinase Attenuates Cardiac Fibrosis and Preserves Heart Function in Adverse Cardiac Remodeling. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43146. [PMID: 28225063 PMCID: PMC5320468 DOI: 10.1038/srep43146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis in post-myocardial infarction (MI), seen in both infarcted and non-infarcted myocardium, is beneficial to the recovery of heart function. But progressively pathological fibrosis impairs ventricular function and leads to poor prognosis. FAK has recently received attention as a potential mediator of fibrosis, our previous study reported that pharmacological inhibition of FAK can attenuate cardiac fibrosis in post MI models. However, the long-term effects on cardiac function and adverse cardiac remodelling were not clearly investigated. In this study, we tried to determine the preliminary mechanisms in regulating CF transformation to myofibroblasts and ECM synthesis relevant to the development of adverse cardiac remolding in vivo and in vitro. Our study provides even more evidence that FAK is directly related to the activation of CF in hypoxia condition in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. Pharmacological inhibition of FAK significantly reduces myofibroblast differentiation; our in vivo data demonstrated that a FAK inhibitor significantly decreases fibrotic score, and preserves partial left ventricular function. Both PI3K/AKT signalling and ERK1/2 are necessary for hypoxia-induced CF differentiation and ECM synthesis; this process also involves lysyl oxidase (LOX). These findings suggest that pharmacological inhibition of FAK may become an effective therapeutic strategy against adverse fibrosis.
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Zhu Y, Wu Y, Shi W, Wang J, Yan X, Wang Q, Liu Y, Yang L, Gao L, Li M. Inhibition of ubiquitin proteasome function prevents monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial remodeling. Life Sci 2017; 173:36-42. [PMID: 28212825 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Previous study has indicated that inhibition of proteasome function ameliorates the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), while its underlying mechanisms are still unclear. This study was performed to address these issues. MATERIAL AND METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into five groups: control group, PAH group, vehicle treated PAH group, MG-132 treated PAH group and bortezomib treated PAH group. PAH model was established by a single intraperitoneal injection of monocrotaline (MCT). MG-132 and bortezomib were administered to inhibit proteasome function. The right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), the right ventricle hypertrophy index (RVHI) and the percentage of medial wall thickness (%MT) were used to evaluate the development of PAH. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed to measure vascular remodeling. Immunoblotting was used to determine Akt phosphorylation, expression of PTEN and NEDD4, and the level of ubiquitinated-PTEN protein. KEY FINDINGS MCT increased RVSP, RVHI and %MT in rats, while these changes were suppressed by treatment of PAH rats with MG-132 or bortezomib. In PAH model, expression of PTEN was decreased and phosphorylation of Akt was increased, these were accompanied by an elevation of NEDD4 protein level. Treatment of PAH model with MG-132 or bortezomib increased PTEN expression and accumulation of ubiquitinated-PTEN protein and decreased Akt phosphorylation, while didn't change NEDD4 expression. SIGNIFICANCE Inhibition of proteasome function ameliorates pulmonary arterial remodeling by suppressing UPS-mediated PTEN degradation and subsequent inhibition of PI3K/Akt pathway, indicating that UPS might be a novel target for prevention of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanting Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinxia Wu
- Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhua Shi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Yan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingting Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Gao
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Manxiang Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China.
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Prohibitin confers cytoprotection against ISO-induced hypertrophy in H9c2 cells via attenuation of oxidative stress and modulation of Akt/Gsk-3β signaling. Mol Cell Biochem 2016; 425:155-168. [PMID: 27854077 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-016-2870-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Numerous hypertrophic stimuli, including β-adrenergic agonists such as isoproterenol (ISO), result in generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and alteration in the mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψ) leading to oxidative stress. This process is well associated with phosphorylation of thymoma viral proto-oncogene Akt (Ser473) and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (Gsk-3β) (Ser9), with resultant inactivation of Gsk-3β. In the present study, we found that the protective defensive role of prohibitin (PHB) against ISO-induced hypertrophic response in rat H9c2 cells is via attenuation of oxidative stress-dependent signaling pathways. The intracellular levels of mitochondrial membrane potential along with cellular ROS levels and mitochondrial superoxide generation were determined. In order to understand the regulation of Akt/Gsk-3β signaling pathway, we carried out immmunoblotting for key proteins of the pathway such as PTEN, PI3K, phosphorylated, and unphosphorylated forms of Akt, Gsk-3β, and immunofluorescence experiments of p-Gsk-3β. Enforced expression of PHB in ISO-treated H9c2 cells suppressed cellular ROS production with mitochondrial superoxide generation and enhanced the mitochondrial membrane potential resulting in suppression of oxidative stress which likely offered potent cellular protection, led to the availability of more healthy cells, and also, significant constitutive activation of Gsk-3β via inactivation of Akt was observed. Knockdown of PHB expression using PHB siRNA in control H9c2 cells reversed these effects. Overall, our results demonstrate that PHB confers cytoprotection against oxidative stress in ISO-induced hypertrophy and this process is associated with modulation of Akt/Gsk-3β signaling mechanisms as evident from our PHB overexpression and knockdown experiments.
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The Multifaceted Roles of PI3Kγ in Hypertension, Vascular Biology, and Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17111858. [PMID: 27834808 PMCID: PMC5133858 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17111858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PI3Kγ is a multifaceted protein, crucially involved in cardiovascular and immune systems. Several studies described the biological and physiological functions of this enzyme in the regulation of cardiovascular system, while others stressed its role in the modulation of immunity. Although PI3Kγ has been historically investigated for its role in leukocytes, the last decade of research also dedicated efforts to explore its functions in the cardiovascular system. In this review, we report an overview recapitulating how PI3Kγ signaling participates in the regulation of vascular functions involved in blood pressure regulation. Moreover, we also summarize the main functions of PI3Kγ in immune responses that could be potentially important in the interaction with the cardiovascular system. Considering that vascular and immune mechanisms are increasingly emerging as intertwining players in hypertension, PI3Kγ could be an intriguing pathway acting on both sides. The availability of specific inhibitors introduces a perspective of further translational research and clinical approaches that could be exploited in hypertension.
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Tang G, Peng L, Qian G, Wang S, Hu H, Zhang X, Song G, Yao M, Zhai C. WITHDRAWN: Resveratrol increases microRNA-130a expression to promote angiogenesis and improve heart functions in mice after myocardial infarction. Exp Mol Pathol 2016:S0014-4800(16)30047-8. [PMID: 27789328 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2016.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn at the request of the authors. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanmin Tang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lei Peng
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Yantai Economic and Technological Developmental Area Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Gang Qian
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shijun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huilin Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guojie Song
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ming Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Changlin Zhai
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China.
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Ton VK, Vunjak-Novakovic G, Topkara VK. Transcriptional patterns of reverse remodeling with left ventricular assist devices: a consistent signature. Expert Rev Med Devices 2016; 13:1029-1034. [PMID: 27685648 DOI: 10.1080/17434440.2016.1243053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Left ventricular assist device (LVAD) therapy has revolutionized the treatment of patients with advanced heart failure. Although originally intended for bridge-to-transplantation and destination therapy indications, a small subset of patients supported with LVADs exhibit complete myocardial recovery leading to device explanation. However, genetic and molecular determinants of partial and/or complete myocardial recovery remain largely unknown. Areas covered: We summarize current knowledge on alterations in heart failure transcriptome in response to LVAD support, as well as discuss common gene signatures potentially responsible for the reverse remodeling phenotype in the failing human heart. Expert commentary: Reverse remodeling after LVAD is likely a continuum between fully and partially recovered myocardium. Multicenter cardiac tissue repositories linked with detailed phenotype information may facilitate identification of genetic signals responsible for myocardial recovery in LVAD supported patients in the foreseeable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van-Khue Ton
- a Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine , Columbia University Medical Center , New York , NY , USA.,b Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine , University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | | | - Veli K Topkara
- a Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine , Columbia University Medical Center , New York , NY , USA
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Effect of Phosphatase and Tensin Homologue on Chromosome 10 on Angiotensin II-Mediated Proliferation, Collagen Synthesis, and Akt/P27 Signaling in Neonatal Rat Cardiac Fibroblasts. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:2860516. [PMID: 27747225 PMCID: PMC5055941 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2860516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) play a key role in cardiac fibrosis by regulating the balance between extracellular matrix synthesis and breakdown. Although phosphatase and tensin homologue on chromosome 10 (PTEN) has been found to play an important role in cardiovascular disease, it is not clear whether PTEN is involved in functional regulation of CFs. In the present study, PTEN was overexpressed in neonatal rat CFs via recombinant adenovirus-mediated gene transfer. The effects of PTEN overexpression on cell-cycle progression and angiotensin II- (Ang II-) mediated regulation of collagen metabolism, synthesis of matrix metalloproteinases, and Akt/P27 signaling were investigated. Compared with uninfected cells and cells infected with green fluorescent protein-expressing adenovirus (Ad-GFP), cells infected with PTEN-expressing adenovirus (Ad-PTEN) significantly increased PTEN protein and mRNA levels in CFs (P < 0.05). The proportion of CFs in the G1/S cell-cycle phase was significantly higher for PTEN-overexpressing cells. In addition, Ad-PTEN decreased mRNA expression and the protein synthesis rate of collagen types I and III and antagonized Ang II-induced collagen synthesis. Overexpression of PTEN also decreased Ang II-induced matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) production as well as gelatinase activity. Moreover, Ad-PTEN decreased Akt expression and increased P27 expression independent of Ang II stimulation. These results suggest that PTEN could regulate its functional effects in neonatal rat CFs partially via the Akt/P27 signaling pathway.
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Li Q, Shen L, Wang Z, Jiang HP, Liu LX. Tanshinone IIA protects against myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury by activating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 84:106-114. [PMID: 27643552 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 08/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the mechanism by which Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) relieves myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI) in rats via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. METHODS Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats received an intravenous injection of Tan IIA and LY294002 and were divided into the sham, control (myocardial ischemia reperfusion), Tan-L (low-dose Tan IIA), Tan-H (high-dose Tan IIA), Tan-L+LY (low-dose Tan IIA+LY294002), Tan-H+LY (high-dose Tan IIA+LY294002) and LY (LY294002) groups. Cardiomyocytes obtained from neonatal rats were treated with hypoxia reoxygenatin, Tan IIA and LY294002 and divided into the blank, control, Tan-L, Tan-H, Tan-L+LY, Tan-H+LY and LY groups. Creatine kinase MB isoenzyme (CK-MB) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) levels in serum and cardiomyocytes were measured. Area of necrosis/area at risk (AN/AAR) was determined with double staining of TTC and Evan's blue; viability and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes with MTT and TUNEL assays; SOD, MDA, H2O2, SDH and COX levels in heart mitochondria together with PI3K/Akt/mTOR and eNOS expressions and phosphorylation with Western blotting. RESULTS The Tan-L and Tan-H groups showed a remarkable decrease in AN/AAR, serum CK-MB and LDH, mitochondrial MDA and H2O2 levels but an increase in SOD activity, SDH and COX levels compared with the control group. However, compared with the Tan-L and Tan-H groups, the Tan-L+LY, Tan-H+LY and LY groups indicated an inverse tendency of those indicators. As shown by MTT and TUNEL, the control group had more severe cell damage than the blank group. Furthermore, cell damage and apoptosis were less severe in the Tan-L and Tan-H groups than in the control group, while the Tan-L+LY, Tan-H+LY and LY groups showed an opposite tendency when compared with the Tan-L and Tan-H groups. Meanwhile, the Tan-L and Tan-H groups showed significantly higher expression levels of PI3K, p-Akt/Akt, mTOR and p-eNOS/eNOS than the control group, whereas the Tan-L+LY, Tan-H+LY and LY groups had lower expression levels than the Tan-L and Tan-H groups. CONCLUSION Our study provided evidence that Tan IIA could activate the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway to relieve MIRI in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai 264001, PR China
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Cardiology Group Two, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Weihai 264200, PR China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai 264001, PR China
| | | | - Li-Xia Liu
- Department of Cardiology Group Two, Wendeng Central Hospital of Weihai, Weihai 264400, PR China.
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Zhang J, McCullough PA. Lipoic Acid in the Prevention of Acute Kidney Injury. Nephron Clin Pract 2016; 134:133-140. [DOI: 10.1159/000448666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Wang J, Chen H, Su Q, Zhou Y, Liu T, Li L. The PTEN/Akt Signaling Pathway Mediates Myocardial Apoptosis in Swine After Coronary Microembolization. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2016; 21:471-7. [PMID: 26846271 DOI: 10.1177/1074248415624158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background/Aims: Phosphatase and the tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) has been recognized as a promoter of apoptosis in various tissues and has been shown to be upregulated in circumstances of coronary microembolization (CME). We hypothesized that the upregulation of PTEN correlates with CME-induced myocardial apoptosis. Methods: Swine CME was induced by an intracoronary injection of inert plastic microspheres (diameter of 42 μm) into the left anterior descending coronary, with or without pretreatment of the PTEN small-interfering RNA (siRNA). Echocardiological measurements, a pathological examination, Terminal-deoxynucleoitidyl Transferase Mediated Nick End Labeling (TUNEL) staining, and Western blotting, were performed to assess their functional, morphological, and molecular effects in CME. Results: PTEN was aberrantly upregulated in cardiomyocytes following CME. Downregulation of PTEN in vivo via siRNA was associated with improved cardiac function and attenuated myocardial apoptosis; concomitantly inhibited the expression of key proapoptotic proteins, such as phosphorylated Bad (p-Bad); cleaved caspase-3; and enhanced the expression of key antiapoptotic proteins, such as phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-Akt). However, there was no difference in the Akt-regulated downstream protein IκB kinases (IKKα, IKKβ, and IKKγ) among the sham, CME, and control siRNA groups. Conclusion: This study demonstrates, for the first time, that the PTEN/Akt signaling pathway contributes to cardiomyocyte apoptosis. The data generated from this study provide a rationale for the development of PTEN-based therapeutic strategies for CME-induced myocardial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangyou Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Han Chen
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital in China, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiang Su
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - You Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Lang Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Ujihara Y, Iwasaki K, Takatsu S, Hashimoto K, Naruse K, Mohri S, Katanosaka Y. Induced NCX1 overexpression attenuates pressure overload-induced pathological cardiac remodelling. Cardiovasc Res 2016; 111:348-61. [PMID: 27229460 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvw113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Although increased Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger 1 (NCX1) expression is observed during heart failure (HF), the pathological role of NCX1 during the progression of HF remains unclear. We examined alterations of NCX1 expression and activity in hearts after transverse aortic constriction (TAC) surgery and explored whether NCX1 influences pressure overload-induced pathological cardiac remodelling. METHODS AND RESULTS We generated novel transgenic mice in which NCX1 expression is controlled by a cardiac-specific, doxycycline (DOX)-dependent promoter. In the absence of DOX, TAC surgery caused substantial chamber dilation with a gradual decrease in contractility by 16 weeks. Cardiomyocytes showed a decline in contractility with abnormal Ca(2+) handling during excitation-contraction (E-C) coupling. Reduced NCX1 activity was observed 8 weeks after TAC and was still apparent at 17 weeks. Induced NCX1 overexpression by DOX treatment starting 8 weeks after TAC returned NCX1 activity to pre-TAC levels and prevented chamber dilation with cardiac dysfunction. DOX treatment not only upregulated NCX1 expression in TAC-operated hearts but also returned L-type Ca(2+) channel and sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca(2+) ATPase expression levels to those in sham-operated hearts. In DOX-treated myocytes, contractility, T-tubule integrity, synchrony of Ca(2+) release from the SR, and Ca(2+) handling during E-C coupling was preserved 16 weeks after TAC surgery. In addition, DOX treatment attenuated the down-regulation of survival signalling and up-regulation of apoptosis signalling 16 weeks after TAC surgery. CONCLUSION Induced overexpression of NCX1 attenuated pressure overload-induced pathological cardiac remodelling. Thus, maintaining NCX1 activity may be a potential therapeutic strategy for preventing the progression of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Ujihara
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan Department of Physiology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Iwasaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Satomi Takatsu
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ken Hashimoto
- Department of Physiology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Keiji Naruse
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Mohri
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan Department of Physiology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Yuki Katanosaka
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
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Sato M, Yamanaka H, Iwasaki M, Miyata Y, Kamibayashi T, Fujino Y, Hayashi Y. Altered Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase and Calcium Signaling in Cardiac Dysfunction After Brain Death in Rats. Ann Thorac Surg 2016; 102:556-63. [PMID: 27130251 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2016.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 01/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase is involved in myocardial function, including contractility. To date, myocardial regulation by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase after brain death has not been investigated. The present study using a brain death model was designed to examine the role of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase in myocardial function after brain death. METHODS After anesthesia with sevoflurane, a Fogarty catheter was placed intracranially for induction of brain death. A conductance catheter was inserted into the left ventricle for measurement of myocardial function. Rats were assigned to the following groups: one group undergoing sham operation (with catheter placement but no brain death introduction); one group receiving saline before brain death; and one group receiving wortmannin, an inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, before brain death. Various measurements, including mean blood pressure, heart rate, maximal rate of rise of left ventricular pressure, and ejection fraction, were obtained every 30 minutes for 6 hours after brain death. The phosphorylation status of Akt and phospholamban was determined 360 minutes after brain death. RESULTS After induction of brain death, rats showed significant decreases in blood pressure, maximal rate of rise of left ventricular pressure, and ejection fraction. Inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase using wortmannin significantly improved these measurements, resulting in increased survival. Western blot analysis demonstrated that brain death increased Akt phosphorylation and decreased phospholamban phosphorylation; these effects were abolished by wortmannin. CONCLUSIONS Inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase prevented myocardial dysfunction after brain death in association with inhibition of the decrease in phosphorylation of myocardial phospholamban, characteristic of brain death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Sato
- Department of Anesthesiology, Osaka University Medical School, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroo Yamanaka
- Department of Anesthesia, Kansai Rosai Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Iwasaki
- Department of Anesthesiology, Osaka University Medical School, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuka Miyata
- Anesthesiology Service, Sakurabashi-Watanabe Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Yuji Fujino
- Department of Anesthesiology, Osaka University Medical School, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukio Hayashi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Osaka University Medical School, Osaka, Japan; Anesthesiology Service, Sakurabashi-Watanabe Hospital, Osaka, Japan.
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Zhang L, Erfle H, Harder N, Beneke J, Beil N, Bulkescher R, Rohr K, Keese M. High-Throughput RNAi Screening Identifies a Role for the Osteopontin Pathway in Proliferation and Migration of Human Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2016; 30:281-95. [PMID: 27095116 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-016-6663-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Understanding of the mechanisms of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) phenotypic regulation is critically important to identify novel candidates for future therapeutic intervention. While HTS approaches have recently been used to identify novel regulators in many cell lines, such as cancer cells and hematopoietic stem cells, no studies have so far systematically investigated the effect of gene inactivation on VSMCs with respect to cell survival and growth response. METHODS AND RESULTS 257 out of 2000 genes tested resulted in an inhibition of cell proliferation in HaoSMCs. After pathway analysis, 38 significant genes were selected for further study. 23 genes were confirmed to inhibit proliferation, and 13 genes found to induce apoptosis in the synthetic phenotype. 11 genes led to an aberrant nuclear phenotype indicating a central role in cell mitosis. 4 genes affected the cell migration in synthetic HaoSMCs. Using computational biological network analysis, 11 genes were identified to have an indirect or direct interaction with the Osteopontin pathway. For 10 of those genes, levels of proteins downstream of the Osteopontin pathway were found to be down-regulated, using RNAi methodology. CONCLUSIONS A phenotypic high-throughput siRNA screen could be applied to identify genes relevant for the cell biology of HaoSMCs. Novel genes were identified which play a role in proliferation, apoptosis, mitosis and migration of HaoSMCs. These may represent potential drug candidates in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- BioQuant, Heidelberg University, INF 267, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Clinic for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Holger Erfle
- BioQuant, Heidelberg University, INF 267, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nathalie Harder
- BioQuant and IPMB, University of Heidelberg and DKFZ, Biomedical Computer Vision Group, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Beneke
- BioQuant, Heidelberg University, INF 267, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nina Beil
- BioQuant, Heidelberg University, INF 267, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ruben Bulkescher
- BioQuant, Heidelberg University, INF 267, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Karl Rohr
- BioQuant and IPMB, University of Heidelberg and DKFZ, Biomedical Computer Vision Group, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Keese
- Clinic for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany. .,Clinic for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Hospital, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Buzaglo N, Rosen H, Ben Ami HC, Inbal A, Lichtstein D. Essential Opposite Roles of ERK and Akt Signaling in Cardiac Steroid-Induced Increase in Heart Contractility. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 357:345-56. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.115.230763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Feijóo-Bandín S, Rodríguez-Penas D, García-Rúa V, Mosquera-Leal A, Abu-Assi E, Portolés M, Roselló-Lletí E, Rivera M, Diéguez C, González-Juanatey JR, Lago F. 24 h nesfatin-1 treatment promotes apoptosis in cardiomyocytes. Endocrine 2016; 51:551-5. [PMID: 26044141 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-015-0648-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Feijóo-Bandín
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit (7), Department of Cardiology, Institute of Biomedical Research (IDIS), Planta -2, Edificio de Consultas Externas, University of Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital, 15706, Santiago De Compostela, Spain
| | - Diego Rodríguez-Penas
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit (7), Department of Cardiology, Institute of Biomedical Research (IDIS), Planta -2, Edificio de Consultas Externas, University of Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital, 15706, Santiago De Compostela, Spain
| | - Vanessa García-Rúa
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit (7), Department of Cardiology, Institute of Biomedical Research (IDIS), Planta -2, Edificio de Consultas Externas, University of Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital, 15706, Santiago De Compostela, Spain
| | - Ana Mosquera-Leal
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit (7), Department of Cardiology, Institute of Biomedical Research (IDIS), Planta -2, Edificio de Consultas Externas, University of Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital, 15706, Santiago De Compostela, Spain
| | - Emad Abu-Assi
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit (7), Department of Cardiology, Institute of Biomedical Research (IDIS), Planta -2, Edificio de Consultas Externas, University of Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital, 15706, Santiago De Compostela, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Carlos Diéguez
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Research, University Clinical Hospital, 15706, Santiago De Compostela, Spain
| | - José Ramón González-Juanatey
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit (7), Department of Cardiology, Institute of Biomedical Research (IDIS), Planta -2, Edificio de Consultas Externas, University of Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital, 15706, Santiago De Compostela, Spain
| | - Francisca Lago
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit (7), Department of Cardiology, Institute of Biomedical Research (IDIS), Planta -2, Edificio de Consultas Externas, University of Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital, 15706, Santiago De Compostela, Spain.
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High concentrations of H2O2 trigger hypertrophic cascade and phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) glutathionylation in H9c2 cardiomyocytes. Exp Mol Pathol 2016; 100:199-206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Sudarshan M, Singh T, Singh B, Chakravarty J, Sundar S. Suppression of host PTEN gene expression for Leishmania donovani survival in Indian visceral leishmaniasis. Microbes Infect 2016; 18:369-72. [PMID: 26774334 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2015.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Lipid phosphatase, PTEN is amongst the host gene actively involved in determining disease susceptibility. Expression of pten and other genes in vicinity egr1 &4e-bp1 were evaluated in splenic tissue before and after treatment in visceral leishmaniasis patients. Lower expression of egr1 in correlation with pten suppressed 4e-bp1 gene in active cases. The higher levels of pten mRNA expression post treatment confirmed its role in effective clearance of Leishmania. Therefore, it is hypothesized that lower mRNA expression of pten is due to suppression of egr1 activates PI3K signaling bestowing host the ability to cope up infection and continue its normal metabolic machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Medhavi Sudarshan
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, UP, India
| | - Toolika Singh
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, UP, India
| | - Bhawana Singh
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, UP, India
| | - Jaya Chakravarty
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, UP, India
| | - Shyam Sundar
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, UP, India.
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Lu C, Wang X, Ha T, Hu Y, Liu L, Zhang X, Yu H, Miao J, Kao R, Kalbfleisch J, Williams D, Li C. Attenuation of cardiac dysfunction and remodeling of myocardial infarction by microRNA-130a are mediated by suppression of PTEN and activation of PI3K dependent signaling. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2015; 89:87-97. [PMID: 26458524 PMCID: PMC4689647 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Activation of PI3K/Akt signaling protects the myocardium from ischemia/reperfusion injury. MicroRNAs have been demonstrated to play an important role in the regulation of gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. In this study, we examined whether miR-130a will attenuate cardiac dysfunction and remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI) via PI3K/Akt dependent mechanism. APPROACHES AND RESULTS To determine the role of miR-130a in the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells, HUVECs were transfected with miR-130a mimics before the cells were subjected to scratch-induced wound injury. Transfection of miR-130a mimics stimulated the migration of endothelial cells into the wound area and increased phospho-Akt levels. To examine the effect of miR-130a on cardiac dysfunction and remodeling after MI, Lentivirus expressing miR-130a (LmiR-130a) was delivered into mouse hearts seven days before the mice were subjected to MI. Cardiac function was assessed by echocardiography before and for up to 21 days after MI. Ejection fraction (EF%) and fractional shortening (FS%) in the LmiR-130a transfected MI hearts were significantly greater than in LmiR-control and untransfected control MI groups. LmiR-130a transfection increased capillary number and VEGF expression, and decreased collagen deposition in the infarcted myocardium. Importantly, LmiR-130a transfection significantly suppressed PTEN expression and increased the levels of phosphorylated Akt in the myocardium. However, treatment of LmiR-130a-transfected mice with LY294002, a PI3K inhibitor, completely abolished miR-130a-induced attenuation of cardiac dysfunction after MI. CONCLUSIONS miR-130a plays a critical role in attenuation of cardiac dysfunction and remodeling after MI. The mechanisms involve activation of PI3K/Akt signaling via suppression of PTEN expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Lu
- Department of Surgery, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, United States
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Department of Surgery, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, United States
| | - Tuanzhu Ha
- Department of Surgery, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, United States; Center for Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, United States
| | - Yuanping Hu
- Department of Surgery, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, United States
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Department of Surgery, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, United States
| | - Honghui Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jonathan Miao
- Department of Surgery, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, United States
| | - Race Kao
- Department of Surgery, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, United States; Center for Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, United States
| | - John Kalbfleisch
- Department of Biometry and Medical Computing, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, United States; Center for Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, United States
| | - David Williams
- Department of Surgery, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, United States; Center for Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, United States
| | - Chuanfu Li
- Department of Surgery, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, United States; Center for Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, United States.
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Monteiro CJ, Mota SLA, Diniz LDF, Bahia MT, Moraes KCM. Mir-190b negatively contributes to the Trypanosoma cruzi-infected cell survival by repressing PTEN protein expression. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2015; 110:996-1002. [PMID: 26692329 PMCID: PMC4708019 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760150184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease, which is caused by the intracellular protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, is a serious health problem in Latin America. The heart is one of the major organs affected by this parasitic infection. The pathogenesis of tissue remodelling, particularly regarding cardiomyocyte behaviour after parasite infection, and the molecular mechanisms that occur immediately following parasite entry into host cells are not yet completely understood. Previous studies have reported that the establishment of parasitism is connected to the activation of the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K), which controls important steps in cellular metabolism by regulating the production of the second messenger phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate. Particularly, the tumour suppressor PTEN is a negative regulator of PI3K signalling. However, mechanistic details of the modulatory activity of PTEN on Chagas disease have not been elucidated. To address this question, H9c2 cells were infected with T. cruzi Berenice 62 strain and the expression of a specific set of microRNAs (miRNAs) were investigated. Our cellular model demonstrated that miRNA-190b is correlated to the decrease of cellular viability rates by negatively modulating PTEN protein expression in T. cruzi-infected cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cíntia Júnia Monteiro
- Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e
Biológicas, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Ciências
Biológicas, Laboratório de Doença de Chagas, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil
| | - Suianne Letícia Antunes Mota
- Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e
Biológicas, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Ciências
Biológicas, Laboratório de Doença de Chagas, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil
| | - Lívia de Figueiredo Diniz
- Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e
Biológicas, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Ciências
Biológicas, Laboratório de Doença de Chagas, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil
| | - Maria Terezinha Bahia
- Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e
Biológicas, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Ciências
Biológicas, Laboratório de Doença de Chagas, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil
| | - Karen CM Moraes
- Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Instituto de
Biociências, Departamento de Biologia, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Rio Claro, SP,
Brasil
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Koeck I, Burkhard FC, Monastyrskaya K. Activation of common signaling pathways during remodeling of the heart and the bladder. Biochem Pharmacol 2015; 102:7-19. [PMID: 26390804 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2015.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The heart and the urinary bladder are hollow muscular organs, which can be afflicted by pressure overload injury due to pathological conditions such as hypertension and bladder outlet obstruction. This increased outflow resistance induces hypertrophy, marked by dramatic changes in the organs' phenotype and function. The end result in both the heart and the bladder can be acute organ failure due to advanced fibrosis and the subsequent loss of contractility. There is emerging evidence that microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in the pathogenesis of heart failure and bladder dysfunction. MiRNAs are endogenous non-coding single-stranded RNAs, which regulate gene expression and control adaptive and maladaptive organ remodeling processes. This Review summarizes the current knowledge of molecular alterations in the heart and the bladder and highlights common signaling pathways and regulatory events. The miRNA expression analysis and experimental target validation done in the heart provide a valuable source of information for investigators working on the bladder and other organs undergoing the process of fibrotic remodeling. Aberrantly expressed miRNA are amendable to pharmacological manipulation, offering an opportunity for development of new therapies for cardiac and bladder hypertrophy and failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivonne Koeck
- Urology Research Laboratory, Department Clinical Research, University of Bern, Switzerland; Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Katia Monastyrskaya
- Urology Research Laboratory, Department Clinical Research, University of Bern, Switzerland; Department of Urology, University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.
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The antioxidant compound tert-butylhydroquinone activates Akt in myocardium, suppresses apoptosis and ameliorates pressure overload-induced cardiac dysfunction. Sci Rep 2015; 5:13005. [PMID: 26260024 PMCID: PMC4531315 DOI: 10.1038/srep13005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) is an antioxidant compound which shows multiple cytoprotective actions. We evaluated the effects of TBHQ on pathological cardiac remodeling and dysfunction induced by chronic overload. Pressure overload was created by transverse aortic constriction (TAC) in male C57BL/6 mice. TBHQ was incorporated in the diet and administered for 4 weeks. TBHQ treatment prevented left ventricular dilatation and cardiac dysfunction induced by TAC, and decreased the prevalence of myocardial apoptosis. The beneficial effects of TBHQ were associated with an increase in Akt activation, but not related to activations of Nrf2 or AMP-activated protein kinase. TBHQ-induced Akt activation was accompanied by increased phosphorylation of Bad, glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Mechanistically, we showed that in cultured H9c2 cells and primary cardiac myocytes, TBHQ stimulated Akt phosphorylation and suppressed oxidant-induced apoptosis; this effect was abolished by wortmannin or an Akt inhibitor. Blockade of the Akt pathway in vivo accelerated cardiac dysfunction, and abrogated the protective effects of TBHQ. TBHQ also reduced the reactive aldehyde production and protein carbonylation in stressed myocardium. We suggest that TBHQ treatment may represent a novel strategy for timely activation of the cytoprotective Akt pathway in stressed myocardium.
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Vandenbriele C, Kauskot A, Vandersmissen I, Criel M, Geenens R, Craps S, Luttun A, Janssens S, Hoylaerts MF, Verhamme P. Platelet endothelial aggregation receptor-1: a novel modifier of neoangiogenesis. Cardiovasc Res 2015; 108:124-38. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvv193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
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Tessier SN, Zhang J, Biggar KK, Wu CW, Pifferi F, Perret M, Storey KB. Regulation of the PI3K/AKT Pathway and Fuel Utilization During Primate Torpor in the Gray Mouse Lemur, Microcebus murinus. GENOMICS PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS 2015; 13:91-102. [PMID: 26092184 PMCID: PMC4511781 DOI: 10.1016/j.gpb.2015.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Gray mouse lemurs (Microcebus murinus) from Madagascar present an excellent model for studies of torpor regulation in a primate species. In the present study, we analyzed the response of the insulin signaling pathway as well as controls on carbohydrate sparing in six different tissues of torpid versus aroused gray mouse lemurs. We found that the relative level of phospho-insulin receptor substrate (IRS-1) was significantly increased in muscle, whereas the level of phospho-insulin receptor (IR) was decreased in white adipose tissue (WAT) of torpid animals, both suggesting an inhibition of insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) signaling during torpor in these tissues. By contrast, the level of phospho-IR was increased in the liver. Interestingly, muscle, WAT, and liver occupy central roles in whole body homeostasis and each displays regulatory controls operating at the plasma membrane. Changes in other tissues included an increase in phospho-glycogen synthase kinase 3α (GSK3α) and decrease in phospho-ribosomal protein S6 (RPS6) in the heart, and a decrease in phospho-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in the kidney. Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) that gates carbohydrate entry into mitochondria is inhibited via phosphorylation by pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (e.g., PDK4). In the skeletal muscle, the protein expression of PDK4 and phosphorylated PDH at Ser 300 was increased, suggesting inhibition during torpor. In contrast, there were no changes in levels of PDH expression and phosphorylation in other tissues comparing torpid and aroused animals. Information gained from these studies highlight the molecular controls that help to regulate metabolic rate depression and balance energetics during primate torpor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon N Tessier
- Institute of Biochemistry & Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada; Department of Surgery & Center for Engineering in Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Jing Zhang
- Institute of Biochemistry & Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada; Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Department, Royal Military College of Canada, Kingston, ON K7K 7B4, Canada
| | - Kyle K Biggar
- Institute of Biochemistry & Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada; Biochemistry Department, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Cheng-Wei Wu
- Institute of Biochemistry & Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada; Department of Biology, Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Fabien Pifferi
- UMR 7179 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Brunoy 91800, France
| | - Martine Perret
- UMR 7179 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Brunoy 91800, France
| | - Kenneth B Storey
- Institute of Biochemistry & Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
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Cross talk of the first-line defense TLRs with PI3K/Akt pathway, in preconditioning therapeutic approach. MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR THERAPIES 2015; 3:4. [PMID: 26056605 PMCID: PMC4456045 DOI: 10.1186/s40591-015-0041-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Toll-like receptor family (TLRs), pattern recognition receptors, is expressed not only on immune cells but also on non-immune cells, including cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, and vascular endothelial cells. One main function of TLRs in the non-immune system is to regulate apoptosis. TLRs are the central mediators in hepatic, pulmonary, brain, and renal ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Up-regulation of TLRs and their ligation by either exogenous or endogenous danger signals plays critical roles in ischemia/reperfusion-induced tissue damage. Conventional TLR-NF-κB pathways are markedly activated in failing and ischemic myocardium. Recent studies have identified a cross talk between TLR activation and the PI3K/Akt pathway. The activation of TLRs is proposed to be the most potent preconditioning method after ischemia, to improve the cell survival via the mechanism involved the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and to attenuate the subsequent TLR-NF-κB pathway stimulation. Thus, TLRs could be a great target in the new treatment approaches for myocardial I/R injury.
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88
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Pourrajab F, Yazdi MB, Zarch MB, Zarch MB, Hekmatimoghaddam S. Cross talk of the first-line defense TLRs with PI3K/Akt pathway, in preconditioning therapeutic approach. MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR THERAPIES 2015; 3:4. [PMID: 26056605 PMCID: PMC4456045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Toll-like receptor family (TLRs), pattern recognition receptors, is expressed not only on immune cells but also on non-immune cells, including cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, and vascular endothelial cells. One main function of TLRs in the non-immune system is to regulate apoptosis. TLRs are the central mediators in hepatic, pulmonary, brain, and renal ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Up-regulation of TLRs and their ligation by either exogenous or endogenous danger signals plays critical roles in ischemia/reperfusion-induced tissue damage. Conventional TLR-NF-κB pathways are markedly activated in failing and ischemic myocardium. Recent studies have identified a cross talk between TLR activation and the PI3K/Akt pathway. The activation of TLRs is proposed to be the most potent preconditioning method after ischemia, to improve the cell survival via the mechanism involved the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and to attenuate the subsequent TLR-NF-κB pathway stimulation. Thus, TLRs could be a great target in the new treatment approaches for myocardial I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Pourrajab
- />School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Professor Hessabi 11 BLV, Shohadaye Gomnam BLV, Yazd, Iran P.O. 8915173149
- />Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Baghi Yazdi
- />School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Professor Hessabi 11 BLV, Shohadaye Gomnam BLV, Yazd, Iran P.O. 8915173149
| | - Mojtaba Babaei Zarch
- />School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Professor Hessabi 11 BLV, Shohadaye Gomnam BLV, Yazd, Iran P.O. 8915173149
| | - Mohammadali Babaei Zarch
- />School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Professor Hessabi 11 BLV, Shohadaye Gomnam BLV, Yazd, Iran P.O. 8915173149
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89
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Puhl SL, Müller A, Wagner M, Devaux Y, Böhm M, Wagner DR, Maack C. Exercise attenuates inflammation and limits scar thinning after myocardial infarction in mice. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2015; 309:H345-59. [PMID: 26001415 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00683.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Although exercise mediates beneficial effects in patients after myocardial infarction (MI), the underlying mechanisms as well as the question of whether an early start of exercise after MI is safe or even beneficial are incompletely resolved. The present study analyzed the effects of exercise before and reinitiated early after MI on cardiac remodeling and function. Male C57BL/6N mice were housed sedentary or with the opportunity to voluntarily exercise for 6 wk before MI induction (ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery) or sham operation. After a 5-day exercise-free phase after MI, mice were allowed to reexercise for another 4 wk. Exercise before MI induced adaptive hypertrophy with moderate increases in heart weight, cardiomyocyte diameter, and left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic volume, but without fibrosis. In sedentary mice, MI induced eccentric LV hypertrophy with massive fibrosis but maintained systolic LV function. While in exercised mice gross LV end-diastolic volumes and systolic function did not differ from sedentary mice after MI, LV collagen content and thinning of the infarcted area were reduced. This was associated with ameliorated activation of inflammation, mediated by TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, as well as reduced activation of matrix metalloproteinase 9. In contrast, no differences in the activation patterns of various MAPKs or adenosine receptor expressions were observed 5 wk after MI in sedentary or exercised mice. In conclusion, continuous exercise training before and with an early reonset after MI ameliorates adverse LV remodeling by attenuating inflammation, fibrosis, and scar thinning. Therefore, an early reonset of exercise after MI can be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah-Lena Puhl
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar, Germany; and
| | - Andreas Müller
- Klinik für Interventionelle Radiologie, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Michael Wagner
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar, Germany; and
| | - Yvan Devaux
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Centre de Recherche Public-Santé, Luxembourg; and
| | - Michael Böhm
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar, Germany; and
| | - Daniel R Wagner
- Division of Cardiology, Centre Hospitalier Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Christoph Maack
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar, Germany; and
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90
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Xie X, Wang G, Zhang D, Zhang Y, Zhu Y, Li F, Li S, Li M. Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ ameliorates monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension in rats. Biomed Rep 2015; 3:537-542. [PMID: 26171162 DOI: 10.3892/br.2015.465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) suppresses the proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) and vascular remodeling in rats and humans, and therefore improves the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, molecular mechanisms underlying these effects have not been completely understood. In the present study, the effects of PPARγ activation in monocrotaline (MCT)-induced pulmonary artery remodeling in rats were investigated. Eighteen Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly assigned into three groups (n=6): Control (Con), PAH and PAH treated with rosiglitazone (MCT + Rosi). The right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), the ratio of the right to left ventricle plus septum weight [RV/(LV + S)], the percentage of medial wall thickness (%MT) and wall area (%WA) were used to evaluate the development of PAH. Tissue morphology was measured using hematoxylin and eosin staining. The protein levels of the phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN), Akt (ser473) phosphorylation (p-Akt) and total Akt in intrapulmonary arteries were determined by western blot analysis. MCT treatment significantly increased the RVSP, which was reduced by rosiglitazone treatment. The ratio of RV/(LV + S), %MT and %WA induced by MCT were similarly inhibited, which was associated with the increase of PTEN expression and the inhibition of Akt phosphorylation levels by rosiglitazone. In conclusion, activation of PPARγ ameliorates the proliferation of PASMCs and vascular remodeling by regulating the PTEN/PI3K/Akt pathway, suggesting that the activation of PPARγ has potential benefits for PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinming Xie
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Guizuo Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Dexin Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Yanting Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Fangwei Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Shaojun Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Manxiang Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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91
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Kobayashi S, Nakamura TY, Wakabayashi S. Calcineurin B homologous protein 3 negatively regulates cardiomyocyte hypertrophy via inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3 phosphorylation. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2015; 84:133-42. [PMID: 25935310 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is a leading cause of serious heart diseases. Although many signaling molecules are involved in hypertrophy, the functions of some proteins in this process are still unknown. Calcineurin B homologous protein 3 (CHP3)/tescalcin is an EF-hand Ca(2+)-binding protein that is abundantly expressed in the heart; however, the function of CHP3 is unclear. Here, we aimed to identify the cardiac functions of CHP3. CHP3 was expressed in hearts at a wide range of developmental stages and was specifically detected in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs) but not in cardiac fibroblasts in culture. Moreover, knockdown of CHP3 expression using adenoviral-based RNA interference in NRVMs resulted in enlargement of cardiomyocyte size, concomitant with increased expression of a pathological hypertrophy marker ANP. This same treatment elevated glycogen synthase kinase (GSK3α/β) phosphorylation, which is known to inhibit GSK3 function. In contrast, CHP3 overexpression blocked the insulin-induced phosphorylation of GSK3α/β without affecting the phosphorylation of Akt, which is an upstream kinase of GSK3α/β, in HEK293 cells, and it inhibited both IGF-1-induced phosphorylation of GSK3β and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in NRVMs. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments revealed that GSK3β interacted with CHP3. However, a Ca(2+)-binding-defective mutation of CHP3 (CHP3-D123A) also interacted with GSK3β and had the same inhibitory effect on GSK3α/β phosphorylation, suggesting that the action of CHP3 was independent of Ca(2+). These findings suggest that CHP3 functions as a novel negative regulator of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy via inhibition of GSK3α/β phosphorylation and subsequent enzymatic activation of GSK3α/β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soushi Kobayashi
- Department of Molecular Physiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Fujishirodai 5-7-1, Suita, Osaka 565-8565, Japan
| | - Tomoe Y Nakamura
- Department of Molecular Physiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Fujishirodai 5-7-1, Suita, Osaka 565-8565, Japan
| | - Shigeo Wakabayashi
- Department of Molecular Physiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Fujishirodai 5-7-1, Suita, Osaka 565-8565, Japan.
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92
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Abstract
Reperfusion is mandatory to salvage ischemic myocardium from infarction, but reperfusion per se contributes to injury and ultimate infarct size. Therefore, cardioprotection beyond that by timely reperfusion is needed to reduce infarct size and improve the prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction. The conditioning phenomena provide such cardioprotection, insofar as brief episodes of coronary occlusion/reperfusion preceding (ischemic preconditioning) or following (ischemic postconditioning) sustained myocardial ischemia with reperfusion reduce infarct size. Even ischemia/reperfusion in organs remote from the heart provides cardioprotection (remote ischemic conditioning). The present review characterizes the signal transduction underlying the conditioning phenomena, including their physical and chemical triggers, intracellular signal transduction, and effector mechanisms, notably in the mitochondria. Cardioprotective signal transduction appears as a highly concerted spatiotemporal program. Although the translation of ischemic postconditioning and remote ischemic conditioning protocols to patients with acute myocardial infarction has been fairly successful, the pharmacological recruitment of cardioprotective signaling has been largely disappointing to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerd Heusch
- From the Institute for Pathophysiology, West German Heart and Vascular Centre, University of Essen Medical School, Essen, Germany.
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93
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Deletion of PDK1 causes cardiac sodium current reduction in mice. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0122436. [PMID: 25781322 PMCID: PMC4363661 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The AGC protein kinase family regulates multiple cellular functions. 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 (PDK1) is involved in the pathogenesis of arrhythmia, and its downstream factor, Forkhead box O1 (Foxo1), negatively regulates the expression of the cardiac sodium channel, Nav1.5. Mice are known to die suddenly after PDK1 deletion within 11 weeks, but the underlying electrophysiological bases are unclear. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the potential mechanisms between PDK1 signaling pathway and cardiac sodium current. Methods and Results Using patch clamp and western blotting techniques, we investigated the role of the PDK1-Foxo1 pathway in PDK1 knockout mice and cultured cardiomyocytes. We found that PDK1 knockout mice undergo slower heart rate, prolonged QRS and QTc intervals and abnormal conduction within the first few weeks of birth. Furthermore, the peak sodium current is decreased by 33% in cells lacking PDK1. The phosphorylation of Akt (308T) and Foxo1 (24T) and the expression of Nav1.5 in the myocardium of PDK1-knockout mice are decreased, while the nuclear localization of Foxo1 is increased. The role of the PDK1-Foxo1 pathway in regulating Nav1.5 levels and sodium current density was verified using selective PDK1, Akt and Foxo1 inhibitors and isolated neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. Conclusion These results indicate that PDK1 participates in the dysregulation of electrophysiological basis by regulating the PDK1-Foxo1 pathway, which in turn regulates the expression of Nav1.5 and cardiac sodium channel function.
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94
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Luo W, Zhao X, Jin H, Tao L, Zhu J, Wang H, Hemmings BA, Yang Z. Akt1 signaling coordinates BMP signaling and β-catenin activity to regulate second heart field progenitor development. Development 2015; 142:732-42. [DOI: 10.1242/dev.119016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Second heart field (SHF) progenitors exhibit continued proliferation and delayed differentiation, which are modulated by FGF4/8/10, BMP and canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling. PTEN-Akt signaling regulates the stem cell/progenitor cell homeostasis in several systems, such as hematopoietic stem cells, intestinal stem cells and neural progenitor cells. To address whether PTEN-Akt signaling is involved in regulating cardiac progenitors, we deleted Pten in SHF progenitors. Deletion of Pten caused SHF expansion and increased the size of the SHF derivatives, the right ventricle and the outflow tract. Cell proliferation of cardiac progenitors was enhanced, whereas cardiac differentiation was unaffected by Pten deletion. Removal of Akt1 rescued the phenotype and early lethality of Pten deletion mice, suggesting that Akt1 was the key downstream target that was negatively regulated by PTEN in cardiac progenitors. Furthermore, we found that inhibition of FOXO by Akt1 suppressed the expression of the gene encoding the BMP ligand (BMP7), leading to dampened BMP signaling in the hearts of Pten deletion mice. Cardiac activation of Akt also increased the Ser552 phosphorylation of β-catenin, thus enhancing its activity. Reducing β-catenin levels could partially rescue heart defects of Pten deletion mice. We conclude that Akt signaling regulates the cell proliferation of SHF progenitors through coordination of BMP signaling and β-catenin activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Luo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing Biomedical Research Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing Biomedical Research Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China
| | - Hengwei Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing Biomedical Research Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China
| | - Lichan Tao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing Biomedical Research Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China
| | - Jingai Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing Biomedical Research Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China
| | - Huijuan Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing Biomedical Research Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China
| | - Brian A. Hemmings
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Zhongzhou Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing Biomedical Research Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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95
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Manna P, Jain SK. Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate and cellular signaling: implications for obesity and diabetes. Cell Physiol Biochem 2015; 35:1253-75. [PMID: 25721445 DOI: 10.1159/000373949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate (PtdIns(3,4,5)P₃) is one of the most important phosphoinositides and is capable of activating a wide range of proteins through its interaction with their specific binding domains. Localization and activation of these effector proteins regulate a number of cellular functions, including cell survival, proliferation, cytoskeletal rearrangement, intracellular vesicle trafficking, and cell metabolism. Phosphoinositides have been investigated as an important agonist-dependent second messenger in the regulation of diverse physiological events depending upon the phosphorylation status of their inositol group. Dysregulation in formation as well as metabolism of phosphoinositides is associated with various pathophysiological disorders such as inflammation, allergy, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and metabolic diseases. Recent studies have demonstrated that the impaired metabolism of PtdIns(3,4,5)P₃ is a prime mediator of insulin resistance associated with various metabolic diseases including obesity and diabetes. This review examines the current status of the role of PtdIns(3,4,5)P₃ signaling in the regulation of various cellular functions and the implications of dysregulated PtdIns(3,4,5)P₃ signaling in obesity, diabetes, and their associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasenjit Manna
- Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
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96
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McLean BA, Zhabyeyev P, Patel VB, Basu R, Parajuli N, DesAulniers J, Murray AG, Kassiri Z, Vanhaesebroeck B, Oudit GY. PI3Kα is essential for the recovery from Cre/tamoxifen cardiotoxicity and in myocardial insulin signalling but is not required for normal myocardial contractility in the adult heart. Cardiovasc Res 2015; 105:292-303. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvv016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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97
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Ha D, Mester J, Eng C, Farha S. Pulmonary arterial hypertension in a patient with Cowden syndrome and the PTEN mutation. Pulm Circ 2015; 4:728-31. [PMID: 25610608 DOI: 10.1086/678552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) exhibits many neoplastic-like features. Cowden syndrome is a difficult-to-recognize heritable cancer syndrome caused by a germline mutation in the phosphatase-and-tensin homolog deleted on the chromosome 10 (PTEN) gene. PTEN regulation has been implicated in cancer development and, more recently, PAH pathogenesis. Here we report a case of PAH in a patient with Cowden syndrome and the response to pulmonary vasodilators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duc Ha
- Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Jessica Mester
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Charis Eng
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA ; Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Samar Farha
- Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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98
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Role of phosphoinositide 3-kinase IA (PI3K-IA) activation in cardioprotection induced by ouabain preconditioning. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2015; 80:114-25. [PMID: 25575882 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2014.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 12/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction, the clinical manifestation of ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury, is a leading cause of death worldwide. Like ischemic preconditioning (IPC) induced by brief episodes of ischemia and reperfusion, ouabain preconditioning (OPC) mediated by Na/K-ATPase signaling protects the heart against IR injury. Class I PI3K activation is required for IPC, but its role in OPC has not been investigated. While PI3K-IB is critical to IPC, studies have suggested that ouabain signaling is PI3K-IA-specific. Hence, a pharmacological approach was used to test the hypothesis that OPC and IPC rely on distinct PI3K-I isoforms. In Langendorff-perfused mouse hearts, OPC was initiated by 4 min of ouabain 10 μM and IPC was triggered by 4 cycles of 5 min ischemia and reperfusion prior to 40 min of global ischemia and 30 min of reperfusion. Without affecting PI3K-IB, ouabain doubled PI3K-IA activity and Akt phosphorylation at Ser(473). IPC and OPC significantly preserved cardiac contractile function and tissue viability as evidenced by left ventricular developed pressure and end-diastolic pressure recovery, reduced lactate dehydrogenase release, and decreased infarct size. OPC protection was blunted by the PI3K-IA inhibitor PI-103, but not by the PI3K-IB inhibitor AS-604850. In contrast, IPC-mediated protection was not affected by PI-103 but was blocked by AS-604850, suggesting that PI3K-IA activation is required for OPC while PI3K-IB activation is needed for IPC. Mechanistically, PI3K-IA activity is required for ouabain-induced Akt activation but not PKCε translocation. However, in contrast to PKCε translocation which is critical to protection, Akt activity was not required for OPC. Further studies shall reveal the identity of the downstream targets of this new PI3K IA-dependent branch of OPC. These findings may be of clinical relevance in patients at risk for myocardial infarction with underlying diseases and/or medication that could differentially affect the integrity of cardiac PI3K-IA and IB pathways.
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99
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Padrão AI, Moreira-Gonçalves D, Oliveira PA, Teixeira C, Faustino-Rocha AI, Helguero L, Vitorino R, Santos LL, Amado F, Duarte JA, Ferreira R. Endurance training prevents TWEAK but not myostatin-mediated cardiac remodelling in cancer cachexia. Arch Biochem Biophys 2015; 567:13-21. [PMID: 25575785 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2014.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Strategies to prevent tumour burden-induced cardiac remodelling that might progress to heart failure are necessary to improve patients' health outcomes and tolerability to cancer therapies. Exercise has been suggested as a measure to prevent cardiac damage; however, its effectiveness on regulating cardiac remodelling secondary to cancer was never addressed. Using an animal model of mammary tumorigenesis, we studied the impact of 35weeks of endurance training on heart, focusing on the signalling pathways modulated by pro-inflammatory and wasting cytokines. The cardiac fibrosis and myofiber disorganization induced by tumour burden was paralleled by the increase of myostatin and TWEAK with the activation of signalling pathways involving Smad-3, NF-κB, TRAF-6 and atrogin-1. The activation of Akt/mTOR was observed in heart from rats with tumours, for which contributed the extracellular matrix. Endurance training prevented the increase of serum and cardiac TWEAK promoted by cancer, as well as the activation of NF-κB, TRAF6, atrogin-1 and p70S6K in heart. Data highlight the impact of exercise in the modulation of signalling pathways activated by wasting cytokines and the resulting outcomes on heart adaptation. Future studies focused on the cellular pathways underlying cardiac remodelling will assist in the development of exercise programs targeting cancer-related cardiac alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Isabel Padrão
- QOPNA, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Daniel Moreira-Gonçalves
- CIAFEL, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Physiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula A Oliveira
- CITAB, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Catarina Teixeira
- CITAB, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ana I Faustino-Rocha
- CITAB, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Luísa Helguero
- QOPNA, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rui Vitorino
- QOPNA, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Lúcio Lara Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - Francisco Amado
- QOPNA, School of Health Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | - Rita Ferreira
- QOPNA, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
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Yao H, Han X, Han X. The cardioprotection of the insulin-mediated PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs 2014; 14:433-42. [PMID: 25160498 DOI: 10.1007/s40256-014-0089-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis occurs frequently in myocardial infarction, oxidative stress injury, and ischemia/reperfusion injury, and plays a pivotal role in the development of heart diseases. Inhibition of apoptosis alone does not necessarily lead to meaningful rescue in terms of either cardiomyocyte survival or function. Activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway induced by insulin not only inhibits cardiomyocyte apoptosis but also substantially preserves and even improves regional and overall cardiac function. Insulin can protect cardiomyocytes from apoptosis by regulating a number of signaling molecules, such as eNOS, FOXOs, Bad, GSK-3β, mTOR, NDRG2, and Nrf2, through activating PI3K and Akt. This review focuses on the protective mechanisms and targets of insulin identified in the prevention and treatment of myocardial injury.
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