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Bhat N, Narayanan A, Fathzadeh M, Shah K, Dianatpour M, Abou Ziki MD, Mani A. Dyrk1b promotes autophagy during skeletal muscle differentiation by upregulating 4e-bp1. Cell Signal 2022; 90:110186. [PMID: 34752933 PMCID: PMC8712395 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Rare gain of function mutations in the gene encoding Dyrk1b, a key regulator of skeletal muscle differentiation, have been associated with sarcopenic obesity (SO) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in humans. So far, the global gene networks regulated by Dyrk1b during myofiber differentiation have remained elusive. Here, we have performed untargeted proteomics to determine Dyrk1b-dependent gene-network in differentiated C2C12 myofibers. This analysis led to identification of translational inhibitor, 4e-bp1 as a post-transcriptional target of Dyrk1b in C2C12 cells. Accordingly, CRISPR/Cas9 mediated knockout of Dyrk1b in zebrafish identified 4e-bp1 as a downstream target of Dyrk1b in-vivo. The Dyrk1b knockout zebrafish embryos exhibited markedly reduced myosin heavy chain 1 expression in poorly developed myotomes and were embryonic lethal. Using knockdown and overexpression approaches in C2C12 cells, we found that 4e-bp1 enhances autophagy and mediates the effects of Dyrk1b on skeletal muscle differentiation. Dyrk1bR102C, the human sarcopenic obesity-associated mutation impaired muscle differentiation via excessive activation of 4e-bp1/autophagy axis in C2C12 cells. Strikingly, the defective muscle differentiation in Dyrk1bR102C cells was rescued by reduction of autophagic flux. The identification of Dyrk1b-4e-bp1-autophagy axis provides significant insight into pathways that are relevant to human skeletal muscle development and disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Bhat
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Anand Narayanan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Mohsen Fathzadeh
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Kanan Shah
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Mehdi Dianatpour
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maen D Abou Ziki
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Arya Mani
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
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2
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Francescone R, Barbosa Vendramini-Costa D, Franco-Barraza J, Wagner J, Muir A, Lau AN, Gabitova L, Pazina T, Gupta S, Luong T, Rollins D, Malik R, Thapa RJ, Restifo D, Zhou Y, Cai KQ, Hensley HH, Tan Y, Kruger WD, Devarajan K, Balachandran S, Klein-Szanto AJ, Wang H, El-Deiry WS, Vander Heiden MG, Peri S, Campbell KS, Astsaturov I, Cukierman E. Netrin G1 Promotes Pancreatic Tumorigenesis through Cancer-Associated Fibroblast-Driven Nutritional Support and Immunosuppression. Cancer Discov 2021; 11:446-479. [PMID: 33127842 PMCID: PMC7858242 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-20-0775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a poor 5-year survival rate and lacks effective therapeutics. Therefore, it is of paramount importance to identify new targets. Using multiplex data from patient tissue, three-dimensional coculturing in vitro assays, and orthotopic murine models, we identified Netrin G1 (NetG1) as a promoter of PDAC tumorigenesis. We found that NetG1+ cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) support PDAC survival, through a NetG1-mediated effect on glutamate/glutamine metabolism. Also, NetG1+ CAFs are intrinsically immunosuppressive and inhibit natural killer cell-mediated killing of tumor cells. These protumor functions are controlled by a signaling circuit downstream of NetG1, which is comprised of AKT/4E-BP1, p38/FRA1, vesicular glutamate transporter 1, and glutamine synthetase. Finally, blocking NetG1 with a neutralizing antibody stunts in vivo tumorigenesis, suggesting NetG1 as potential target in PDAC. SIGNIFICANCE: This study demonstrates the feasibility of targeting a fibroblastic protein, NetG1, which can limit PDAC tumorigenesis in vivo by reverting the protumorigenic properties of CAFs. Moreover, inhibition of metabolic proteins in CAFs altered their immunosuppressive capacity, linking metabolism with immunomodulatory function.See related commentary by Sherman, p. 230.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 211.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph Francescone
- Cancer Biology Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Marvin and Concetta Greenberg Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Débora Barbosa Vendramini-Costa
- Cancer Biology Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Marvin and Concetta Greenberg Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Janusz Franco-Barraza
- Cancer Biology Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Marvin and Concetta Greenberg Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jessica Wagner
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Alexander Muir
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and the Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Allison N Lau
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and the Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Linara Gabitova
- Marvin and Concetta Greenberg Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Tatiana Pazina
- Blood Cell and Development and Function Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sapna Gupta
- Cancer Biology Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Tiffany Luong
- Cancer Biology Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Marvin and Concetta Greenberg Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Dustin Rollins
- Cancer Biology Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ruchi Malik
- Cancer Biology Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Marvin and Concetta Greenberg Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Roshan J Thapa
- Blood Cell and Development and Function Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Diana Restifo
- Marvin and Concetta Greenberg Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Yan Zhou
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Facility, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kathy Q Cai
- Cancer Biology Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Histopathology Facility, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Harvey H Hensley
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Small Animal Imaging Facility, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Yinfei Tan
- Cancer Biology Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Genomics Facility, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Warren D Kruger
- Cancer Biology Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Karthik Devarajan
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Facility, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Siddharth Balachandran
- Blood Cell and Development and Function Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Andres J Klein-Szanto
- Cancer Biology Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Histopathology Facility, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Huamin Wang
- Division of Pathology/Lab Medicine, Department of Anatomical Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Wafik S El-Deiry
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Matthew G Vander Heiden
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and the Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Suraj Peri
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Facility, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kerry S Campbell
- Marvin and Concetta Greenberg Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Blood Cell and Development and Function Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Igor Astsaturov
- Marvin and Concetta Greenberg Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Edna Cukierman
- Cancer Biology Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
- Marvin and Concetta Greenberg Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Sudarshan M, Singh T, Singh B, Chakravarty J, Sundar S. Suppression of host PTEN gene expression for Leishmania donovani survival in Indian visceral leishmaniasis. Microbes Infect 2016; 18:369-72. [PMID: 26774334 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2015.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Lipid phosphatase, PTEN is amongst the host gene actively involved in determining disease susceptibility. Expression of pten and other genes in vicinity egr1 &4e-bp1 were evaluated in splenic tissue before and after treatment in visceral leishmaniasis patients. Lower expression of egr1 in correlation with pten suppressed 4e-bp1 gene in active cases. The higher levels of pten mRNA expression post treatment confirmed its role in effective clearance of Leishmania. Therefore, it is hypothesized that lower mRNA expression of pten is due to suppression of egr1 activates PI3K signaling bestowing host the ability to cope up infection and continue its normal metabolic machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Medhavi Sudarshan
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, UP, India
| | - Toolika Singh
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, UP, India
| | - Bhawana Singh
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, UP, India
| | - Jaya Chakravarty
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, UP, India
| | - Shyam Sundar
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, UP, India.
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Cai W, Ye Q, She QB. Loss of 4E-BP1 function induces EMT and promotes cancer cell migration and invasion via cap-dependent translational activation of snail. Oncotarget 2014; 5:6015-27. [PMID: 24970798 PMCID: PMC4171609 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The cap-dependent translation is frequently deregulated in a variety of cancers associated with tumor progression. However, the molecular basis of the translation activation for metastatic progression of cancer remains largely elusive. Here, we demonstrate that activation of cap-dependent translation by silencing the translational repressor 4E-BP1 causes cancer epithelial cells to undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which is associated with selective upregulation of the EMT inducer Snail followed by repression of E-cadherin expression and promotion of cell migratory and invasive capabilities as well as metastasis. Conversely, inhibition of cap-dependent translation by a dominant active mutant 4E-BP1 effectively downregulates Snail expression and suppresses cell migration and invasion. Furthermore, dephosphorylation of 4E-BP1 by mTORC1 inhibition or directly targeting the translation initiation also profoundly attenuates Snail expression and cell motility, whereas knockdown of 4E-BP1 or overexpression of Snail significantly rescues the inhibitory effects. Importantly, 4E-BP1-regulated Snail expression is not associated with its changes in the level of transcription or protein stability. Together, these findings indicate a novel role of 4E-BP1 in the regulation of EMT and cell motility through translational control of Snail expression and activity, and suggest that targeting cap-dependent translation may provide a promising approach for blocking Snail-mediated metastatic potential of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijia Cai
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Pharmacology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Qing Ye
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Pharmacology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Qing-Bai She
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Pharmacology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA
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5
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Shang ZF, Yu L, Li B, Tu WZ, Wang Y, Liu XD, Guan H, Huang B, Rang WQ, Zhou PK. 4E-BP1 participates in maintaining spindle integrity and genomic stability via interacting with PLK1. Cell Cycle 2012; 11:3463-71. [PMID: 22918237 PMCID: PMC3466556 DOI: 10.4161/cc.21770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The essential function of eIF4E-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1) in translation initiation has been well established; however, the role of 4E-BP1 in normal cell cycle progression is coming to attention. Here, we revealed the role of 4E-BP1 on mitotic regulation and chromosomal DNA dynamics during mitosis. First, we have observed the co-localization of the phosphorylated 4E-BP1 at T37/46 with Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) at the centrosomes during. Depression of 4E-BP1 by small interfering RNA in HepG2 or HeLa cells resulted in an increased outcome of polyploidy and aberrant mitosis, including chromosomal DNA misaligned and multi-polar spindles or multiple centrosomes. We observed that 4E-BP1 interacted with PLK1 directly in vitro and in vivo in mitotic cells, and the C-terminal aa 77-118 of 4E-BP1 mediates its interaction with PLK1. PLK1 can phosphorylate 4E-BP1 in vitro. Furthermore, the depletion of 4E-BP1 sensitized HepG2 and HeLa cells to the microtubule disruption agent paclitaxel. These results demonstrate that 4E-BP1, beyond its role in translation regulation, can function as a regulator of mitosis via interacting with PLK1, and possibly plays a role in genomic stability maintaining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeng-Fu Shang
- Department of Radiation Toxicology and Oncology; Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine; Beijing, PR China
| | - Lan Yu
- Division of Molecular Radiation Biology; Department of Radiation Oncology; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas; Dallas, TX USA
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Radiation Toxicology and Oncology; Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine; Beijing, PR China
| | - Wen-Zhi Tu
- Department of Radiation Toxicology and Oncology; Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine; Beijing, PR China
- Institute for Environmental Medicine and Radiation Hygiene; The College of Public Health; University of South China; Hengyang, PR China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Radiation Toxicology and Oncology; Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine; Beijing, PR China
| | - Xiao-Dan Liu
- Department of Radiation Toxicology and Oncology; Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine; Beijing, PR China
| | - Hua Guan
- Department of Radiation Toxicology and Oncology; Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine; Beijing, PR China
| | - Bo Huang
- Institute for Environmental Medicine and Radiation Hygiene; The College of Public Health; University of South China; Hengyang, PR China
| | - Wei-Qing Rang
- Institute for Environmental Medicine and Radiation Hygiene; The College of Public Health; University of South China; Hengyang, PR China
| | - Ping-Kun Zhou
- Department of Radiation Toxicology and Oncology; Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine; Beijing, PR China
- Institute for Environmental Medicine and Radiation Hygiene; The College of Public Health; University of South China; Hengyang, PR China
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6
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Jacobson BA, De A, Kratzke MG, Patel MR, Jay-Dixon J, Whitson BA, Sadiq AA, Bitterman PB, Polunovsky VA, Kratzke RA. Activated 4E-BP1 represses tumourigenesis and IGF-I-mediated activation of the eIF4F complex in mesothelioma. Br J Cancer 2009; 101:424-31. [PMID: 19603014 PMCID: PMC2720234 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2009] [Revised: 06/17/2009] [Accepted: 06/17/2009] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I signalling stimulates proliferation, survival, and invasion in malignant mesothelioma and other tumour types. Studies have found that tumourigenesis is linked to dysregulation of cap-dependent protein translation. METHODS The effect of IGF stimulation on cap-mediated translation activation in mesothelioma cell lines was studied using binding assays to a synthetic 7-methyl GTP-cap analogue. In addition, cap-mediated translation was genetically repressed in these cells with a dominant active motive of 4E-BP1. RESULTS In most mesothelioma cell lines, IGF-I stimulation resulted in a hyperphosphorylation-mediated inactivation of 4E-BP1 compared with that in normal mesothelial cells. An inhibitor of Akt diminished IGF-I-mediated phosphorylation of 4E-BP1, whereas inhibiting MAPK signalling had no such effect. IGF-I stimulation resulted in the activation of the cap-mediated translation complex as indicated by an increased eIF4G/eIF4E ratio in cap-affinity assays. Akt inhibition reversed the eIF4G/eIF4E ratio. Mesothelioma cells transfected with an activated 4E-BP1 protein (4E-BP1(A37/A46)) were resistant to IGF-I-mediated growth, motility, and colony formation. In a murine xenograft model, mesothelioma cells expressing the dominant active 4E-BP1(A37/A46) repressor protein showed abrogated tumourigenicity compared with control tumours. CONCLUSION IGF-I signalling in mesothelioma cells drives cell proliferation, motility, and tumourigenesis through its ability to activate cap-mediated protein translation complex through PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- B A Jacobson
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Research Service, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN, 55417, USA
| | - A De
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - M G Kratzke
- Research Service, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN, 55417, USA
| | - M R Patel
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - J Jay-Dixon
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - B A Whitson
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - A A Sadiq
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - P B Bitterman
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - V A Polunovsky
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - R A Kratzke
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Research Service, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN, 55417, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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7
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O’Reilly KE, Warycha M, Davies MA, Rodrik V, Zhou XK, Yee H, Polsky D, Pavlick AC, Rosen N, Bhardwaj N, Mills G, Osman I. Phosphorylated 4E-BP1 is associated with poor survival in melanoma. Clin Cancer Res 2009; 15:2872-8. [PMID: 19336517 PMCID: PMC3995540 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-08-2336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Both phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT and RAS/mitogen-activated protein kinase signal transduction pathways mediate 4E-BP1 phosphorylation, releasing 4E-BP1 from the mRNA cap and permitting translation initiation. Given the prevalence of PTEN and BRAF mutations in melanoma, we first examined translation initiation, as measured by phosphorylated 4E-BP1 (p-4E-BP1), in metastatic melanoma tissues and cell lines. We then tested the association between amounts of total and p-4E-BP1 and patient survival. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Seven human metastatic melanoma cells lines and 72 metastatic melanoma patients with accessible metastatic tumor tissues and extended follow-up information were studied. Expression of 4E-BP1 transcript, total 4E-BP1 protein, and p-4E-BP1 was examined. The relationship between 4E-BP1 transcript and protein expression was assessed in a subset of patient tumors (n = 41). The association between total and p-4E-BP1 levels and survival was examined in the larger cohort of patients (n = 72). RESULTS 4E-BP1 was hyperphosphorylated in 4 of 7 melanoma cell lines harboring both BRAF and PTEN mutations compared with untransformed melanocytes or RAS/RAF/PTEN wild-type melanoma cells. 4E-BP1 transcript correlated with 4E-BP1 total protein levels as measured by the semiquantitative reverse-phase protein array (P = 0.012). High levels of p-4E-BP1 were associated with worse overall and post-recurrence survival (P = 0.02 and 0.0003, respectively). CONCLUSION Our data show that translation initiation is a common event in human metastatic melanoma and correlates with worse prognosis. Therefore, effective inhibition of the pathways responsible for 4E-BP1 phosphorylation should be considered to improve the treatment outcome of metastatic melanoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn E. O’Reilly
- Departments of Dermatology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY,Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Melanie Warycha
- Departments of Dermatology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Michael A. Davies
- Department of Systems Biology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Vanessa Rodrik
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Xi K. Zhou
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY
| | - Herman Yee
- Departments of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - David Polsky
- Departments of Dermatology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY,Departments of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Anna C. Pavlick
- Departments of Dermatology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY,Departments of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Neal Rosen
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Nina Bhardwaj
- Departments of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Gordon Mills
- Department of Systems Biology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Iman Osman
- Departments of Dermatology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY,Departments of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
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8
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Peng XD, Xu PZ, Chen ML, Hahn-Windgassen A, Skeen J, Jacobs J, Sundararajan D, Chen WS, Crawford SE, Coleman KG, Hay N. Dwarfism, impaired skin development, skeletal muscle atrophy, delayed bone development, and impeded adipogenesis in mice lacking Akt1 and Akt2. Genes Dev 2003; 17:1352-65. [PMID: 12782654 PMCID: PMC196068 DOI: 10.1101/gad.1089403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 636] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2003] [Accepted: 04/08/2003] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
To elucidate the functions of the serine/threonine kinase Akt/PKB in vivo, we generated mice lacking both akt1 and akt2 genes. Akt1/Akt2 double-knockout (DKO) mice exhibit severe growth deficiency and die shortly after birth. These mice display impaired skin development because of a proliferation defect, severe skeletal muscle atrophy because of a marked decrease in individual muscle cell size, and impaired bone development. These defects are strikingly similar to the phenotypes of IGF-1 receptor-deficient mice and suggest that Akt may serve as the most critical downstream effector of the IGF-1 receptor during development. In addition, Akt1/Akt2 DKO mice display impeded adipogenesis. Specifically, Akt1 and Akt2 are required for the induced expression of PPARgamma, the master regulator of adipogenesis, establishing a new essential role for Akt in adipocyte differentiation. Overall, the combined deletion of Akt1 and Akt2 establishes in vivo roles for Akt in cell proliferation, growth, and differentiation. These functions of Akt were uncovered despite the observed lower level of Akt activity mediated by Akt3 in Akt1/Akt2 DKO cells, suggesting that a critical threshold level of Akt activity is required to maintain normal cell proliferation, growth, and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ding Peng
- Department of Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
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9
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Gingras AC, Raught B, Gygi SP, Niedzwiecka A, Miron M, Burley SK, Polakiewicz RD, Wyslouch-Cieszynska A, Aebersold R, Sonenberg N. Hierarchical phosphorylation of the translation inhibitor 4E-BP1. Genes Dev 2001; 15:2852-64. [PMID: 11691836 PMCID: PMC312813 DOI: 10.1101/gad.912401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 526] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
In most instances, translation is regulated at the initiation phase, when a ribosome is recruited to the 5' end of an mRNA. The eIF4E-binding proteins (4E-BPs) interdict translation initiation by binding to the translation factor eIF4E, and preventing recruitment of the translation machinery to mRNA. The 4E-BPs inhibit translation in a reversible manner. Hypophosphorylated 4E-BPs interact avidly with eIF4E, whereas 4E-BP hyperphosphorylation, elicited by stimulation of cells with hormones, cytokines, or growth factors, results in an abrogation of eIF4E-binding activity. We reported previously that phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 on Thr 37 and Thr 46 is relatively insensitive to serum deprivation and rapamycin treatment, and that phosphorylation of these residues is required for the subsequent phosphorylation of a set of unidentified serum-responsive sites. Here, using mass spectrometry, we identify the serum-responsive, rapamycin-sensitive sites as Ser 65 and Thr 70. Utilizing a novel combination of two-dimensional isoelectric focusing/SDS-PAGE and Western blotting with phosphospecific antibodies, we also establish the order of 4E-BP1 phosphorylation in vivo; phosphorylation of Thr 37/Thr 46 is followed by Thr 70 phosphorylation, and Ser 65 is phosphorylated last. Finally, we show that phosphorylation of Ser 65 and Thr 70 alone is insufficient to block binding to eIF4E, indicating that a combination of phosphorylation events is necessary to dissociate 4E-BP1 from eIF4E.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Gingras
- Department of Biochemistry and McGill Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 1Y6, Canada
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