51
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Zhu M, Meng X, Cai J, Li G, Dong T, Li Z. Basic leucine zipper transcription factor SlbZIP1 mediates salt and drought stress tolerance in tomato. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 18:83. [PMID: 29739325 PMCID: PMC5941487 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-018-1299-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Basic region/leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors perform as crucial regulators in ABA-mediated stress response in plants. Nevertheless, the functions for most bZIP family members in tomato remain to be deciphered. RESULTS Here we examined the functional characterization of SlbZIP1 under salt and drought stresses in tomato. Silencing of SlbZIP1 in tomato resulted in reduced expression of multiple ABA biosynthesis- and signal transduction-related genes in transgenic plants. In stress assays, SlbZIP1-RNAi transgenic plants exhibited reduced tolerance to salt and drought stresses compared with WT plants, as are evaluated by multiple physiological parameters associated with stress responses, such as decreased ABA, chlorophyll contents and CAT activity, and increased MDA content. In addition, RNA-seq analysis of transgenic plants revealed that the transcription levels of multiple genes encoding defense proteins related to responses to abiotic stress (e.g. endochitinase, peroxidases, and lipid transfer proteins) and biotic stress (e.g. pathogenesis-related proteins) were downregulated in SlbZIP1-RNAi plants, suggesting that SlbZIP1 plays a role in regulating the genes related to biotic and abiotic stress response. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, the data suggest that SlbZIP1 exerts an essential role in salt and drought stress tolerance through modulating an ABA-mediated pathway, and SlbZIP1 may hold potential applications in the engineering of salt- and drought-tolerant tomato cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingku Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, 101 Shanghai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221116 People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key laboratory of Phylogenomics & Comparative Genomics, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqing Meng
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, 101 Shanghai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221116 People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key laboratory of Phylogenomics & Comparative Genomics, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Cai
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, 101 Shanghai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221116 People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key laboratory of Phylogenomics & Comparative Genomics, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Ge Li
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, 101 Shanghai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221116 People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key laboratory of Phylogenomics & Comparative Genomics, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Tingting Dong
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, 101 Shanghai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221116 People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key laboratory of Phylogenomics & Comparative Genomics, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Zongyun Li
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, 101 Shanghai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221116 People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key laboratory of Phylogenomics & Comparative Genomics, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province People’s Republic of China
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High-resolution spatiotemporal transcriptome mapping of tomato fruit development and ripening. Nat Commun 2018; 9:364. [PMID: 29371663 PMCID: PMC5785480 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02782-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is an established model for studying fruit biology; however, most studies of tomato fruit growth and ripening are based on homogenized pericarp, and do not consider the internal tissues, or the expression signatures of individual cell and tissue types. We present a spatiotemporally resolved transcriptome analysis of tomato fruit ontogeny, using laser microdissection (LM) or hand dissection coupled with RNA-Seq analysis. Regulatory and structural gene networks, including families of transcription factors and hormone synthesis and signaling pathways, are defined across tissue and developmental spectra. The ripening program is revealed as comprising gradients of gene expression, initiating in internal tissues then radiating outward, and basipetally along a latitudinal axis. We also identify spatial variations in the patterns of epigenetic control superimposed on ripening gradients. Functional studies elucidate previously masked regulatory phenomena and relationships, including those associated with fruit quality traits, such as texture, color, aroma, and metabolite profiles. Cell-type transcriptome profiling greatly elucidate organismal development. Here, the authors report a spatiotemporally resolved comprehensive transcriptome analysis of tomato fruit ontogeny and suggest a new model of fruit maturation which initiates in internal tissues then radiates outwards.
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Zhang Y, Li Q, Jiang L, Kai W, Liang B, Wang J, Du Y, Zhai X, Wang J, Zhang Y, Sun Y, Zhang L, Leng P. Suppressing Type 2C Protein Phosphatases Alters Fruit Ripening and the Stress Response in Tomato. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 59:142-154. [PMID: 29121241 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcx169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Although ABA signaling has been widely studied in Arabidopsis, the roles of core ABA signaling components in fruit remain poorly understood. Herein, we characterize SlPP2C1, a group A type 2C protein phosphatase that negatively regulates ABA signaling and fruit ripening in tomato. The SlPP2C1 protein was localized in the cytoplasm close to AtAHG3/AtPP2CA. The SlPP2C1 gene was expressed in all tomato tissues throughout development, particularly in flowers and fruits, and it was up-regulated by dehydration and ABA treatment. SlPP2C1 expression in fruits was increased at 30 d after full bloom and peaked at the B + 1 stage. Suppression of SlPP2C1 expression significantly accelerated fruit ripening which was associated with higher levels of ABA signaling genes that are reported to alter the expression of fruit ripening genes involved in ethylene release and cell wall catabolism. SlPP2C1-RNAi (RNA interference) led to increased endogenous ABA accumulation and advanced release of ethylene in transgenic fruits compared with wild-type (WT) fruits. SlPP2C1-RNAi also resulted in abnormal flowers and obstructed the normal abscission of pedicels. SlPP2C1-RNAi plants were hypersensitized to ABA, and displayed delayed seed germination and primary root growth, and increased resistance to drought stress compared with WT plants. These results demonstrated that SlPP2C1 is a functional component in the ABA signaling pathway which participates in fruit ripening, ABA responses and drought tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushu Zhang
- Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qian Li
- Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wenbin Kai
- Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Bin Liang
- Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yangwei Du
- Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiawan Zhai
- Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jieling Wang
- Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yingqi Zhang
- Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yufei Sun
- Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lusheng Zhang
- Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ping Leng
- Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Karppinen K, Tegelberg P, Häggman H, Jaakola L. Abscisic Acid Regulates Anthocyanin Biosynthesis and Gene Expression Associated With Cell Wall Modification in Ripening Bilberry ( Vaccinium myrtillus L.) Fruits. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1259. [PMID: 30210522 PMCID: PMC6124387 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Ripening of non-climacteric bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) fruit is characterized by a high accumulation of health-beneficial anthocyanins. Plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) and sucrose have been shown to be among the central signaling molecules coordinating non-climacteric fruit ripening and anthocyanin accumulation in some fruits such as strawberry. Our earlier studies have demonstrated an elevation in endogenous ABA level in bilberry fruit at the onset of ripening indicating a role for ABA in the regulation of bilberry fruit ripening. In the present study, we show that the treatment of unripe green bilberry fruits with exogenous ABA significantly promotes anthocyanin biosynthesis and accumulation both in fruits attached and detached to the plant. In addition, ABA biosynthesis inhibitor, fluridone, delayed anthocyanin accumulation in bilberries. Exogenous ABA also induced the expression of several genes involved in cell wall modification in ripening bilberry fruits. Furthermore, silencing of VmNCED1, the key gene in ABA biosynthesis, was accompanied by the down-regulation in the expression of key anthocyanin biosynthetic genes. In contrast, the treatment of unripe green bilberry fruits with exogenous sucrose or glucose did not lead to an enhancement in the anthocyanin accumulation neither in fruits attached to plant nor in post-harvest fruits. Moreover, sugars failed to induce the expression of genes associated in anthocyanin biosynthesis or ABA biosynthesis while could elevate expression of some genes associated with cell wall modification in post-harvest bilberry fruits. Our results demonstrate that ABA plays a major role in the regulation of ripening-related processes such as anthocyanin biosynthesis and cell wall modification in bilberry fruit, whereas sugars seem to have minor regulatory roles in the processes. The results indicate that the regulation of bilberry fruit ripening differs from strawberry that is currently considered as a model of non-climacteric fruit ripening. In this study, we also identified transcription factors, which expression was enhanced by ABA, as potential regulators of ABA-mediated bilberry fruit ripening processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Karppinen
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Climate laboratory Holt, Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Pinja Tegelberg
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Hely Häggman
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Laura Jaakola
- Climate laboratory Holt, Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Ås, Norway
- *Correspondence: Laura Jaakola,
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55
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Sun Y, Ji K, Liang B, Du Y, Jiang L, Wang J, Kai W, Zhang Y, Zhai X, Chen P, Wang H, Leng P. Suppressing ABA uridine diphosphate glucosyltransferase (SlUGT75C1) alters fruit ripening and the stress response in tomato. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 91:574-589. [PMID: 28482127 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) glucose conjugation mediated by uridine diphosphate glucosyltransferases (UGTs) is an important pathway in regulating ABA homeostasis. In the present study, we investigated three tomato SlUGTs that are highly expressed in fruit during ripening, and these SlUGTs were localized to the cytoplasm and cell nucleus. Among these three UGTs, SlUGT75C1 catalyzes the glucosylation of both ABA and IAA in vitro; SlUGT76E1 can only catalyze the conjugation of ABA; and SlUGT73C4 cannot glycosylate either ABA or IAA. Therefore, SlUGT75C1 was selected for further investigation. SlUGT75C1 RNA interference significantly up-regulated the expression level of SlCYP707A2, which encodes an ABA 8'-hydroxylase but did not affect the expression of SlNCED1, which encodes a key enzyme in ABA biosynthesis. Suppression of SlUGT75C1 significantly accelerated fruit ripening by enhancing ABA levels and promoting the early release of ethylene. SlUGT75C1-RNAi altered the expression of fruit ripening genes (genes involved in ethylene release and cell wall catabolism). SlUGT75C1-RNAi seeds showed delayed germination and root growth compared with wild-type as well as increased sensitivity to exogenous ABA. SlUGT75C1-RNAi plants were also more resistant to drought stress. These results demonstrated that SlUGT75C1 plays a crucial role in ABA-mediated fruit ripening, seed germination, and drought responses in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Sun
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Kai Ji
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Bin Liang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yangwei Du
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Li Jiang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Juan Wang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wenbin Kai
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yushu Zhang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiawan Zhai
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Pei Chen
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hongqing Wang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ping Leng
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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Wang Y, Guo S, Tian S, Zhang J, Ren Y, Sun H, Gong G, Zhang H, Xu Y. Abscisic acid pathway involved in the regulation of watermelon fruit ripening and quality trait evolution. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0179944. [PMID: 28662086 PMCID: PMC5491074 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai) is a non-climacteric fruit. The modern sweet-dessert watermelon is the result of years of cultivation and selection for fruits with desirable qualities. To date, the mechanisms of watermelon fruit ripening, and the role of abscisic acid (ABA) in this process, has not been well understood. We quantified levels of free and conjugated ABA contents in the fruits of cultivated watermelon (97103; C. lanatus subsp. vulgaris), semi-wild germplasm (PI179878; C. lanatus subsp. mucosospermus), and wild germplasm (PI296341-FR; C. lanatus subsp. lanatus). Results showed that ABA content in the fruits of 97103 and PI179878 increased during fruit development and ripening, but maintained a low steady state in the center flesh of PI296341-FR fruits. ABA levels in fruits were highest in 97103 and lowest in PI296341-FR, but no obvious differences in ABA levels were observed in seeds of these lines. Examination of 31 representative watermelon accessions, including different C. lanatus subspecies and ancestral species, showed a correlation between soluble solids content (SSC) and ABA levels in ripening fruits. Furthermore, injection of exogenous ABA or nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) into 97103 fruits promoted or inhibited ripening, respectively. Transcriptomic analyses showed that the expression levels of several genes involved in ABA metabolism and signaling, including Cla009779 (NCED), Cla005404 (NCED), Cla020673 (CYP707A), Cla006655 (UGT) and Cla020180 (SnRK2), varied significantly in cultivated and wild watermelon center flesh. Three SNPs (-738, C/A; -1681, C/T; -1832, G/T) in the promoter region of Cla020673 (CYP707A) and one single SNP (-701, G/A) in the promoter of Cla020180 (SnRK2) exhibited a high level of correlation with SSC variation in the 100 tested accessions. Our results not only demonstrate for the first time that ABA is involved in the regulation of watermelon fruit ripening, but also provide insights into the evolutionary mechanisms of this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Vegetables, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement, Beijing, China
| | - Shaogui Guo
- National Engineering Research Center for Vegetables, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement, Beijing, China
| | - Shouwei Tian
- National Engineering Research Center for Vegetables, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Vegetables, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Ren
- National Engineering Research Center for Vegetables, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement, Beijing, China
| | - Honghe Sun
- National Engineering Research Center for Vegetables, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement, Beijing, China
| | - Guoyi Gong
- National Engineering Research Center for Vegetables, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement, Beijing, China
| | - Haiying Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Vegetables, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Xu
- National Engineering Research Center for Vegetables, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement, Beijing, China
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Luo DL, Ba LJ, Shan W, Kuang JF, Lu WJ, Chen JY. Involvement of WRKY Transcription Factors in Abscisic-Acid-Induced Cold Tolerance of Banana Fruit. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:3627-3635. [PMID: 28445050 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b00915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) and plant-specific WRKY transcription factors (TFs) have been implicated to play important roles in various stress responses. The involvement of WRKY TFs in ABA-mediated cold tolerance of economical fruits, such as banana fruit, however remains largely unknown. Here, we reported that ABA application could induce expressions of ABA biosynthesis-related genes MaNCED1 and MaNCED2, increase endogenous ABA contents, and thereby enhance cold tolerance in banana fruit. Four banana fruit WRKY TFs, designated as MaWRKY31, MaWRKY33, MaWRKY60, and MaWRKY71, were identified and characterized. All four of these MaWRKYs were nuclear-localized and displayed transactivation activities. Their expressions were induced by ABA treatment during cold storage. More importantly, the gel mobility shift assay and transient expression analysis revealed that MaWRKY31, MaWRKY33, MaWRKY60, and MaWRKY71 directly bound to the W-box elements in MaNCED1 and MaNCED2 promoters and activated their expressions. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that banana fruit WRKY TFs are involved in ABA-induced cold tolerance by, at least in part, increasing ABA levels via directly activating NECD expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Lan Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
- School of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering/Guizhou Engineering Research Center for Fruit Processing, Guiyang College , Guiyang, 550003, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang-Jie Ba
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
- School of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering/Guizhou Engineering Research Center for Fruit Processing, Guiyang College , Guiyang, 550003, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Shan
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Fei Kuang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang-Jin Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Ye Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
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Mou W, Li D, Bu J, Jiang Y, Khan ZU, Luo Z, Mao L, Ying T. Comprehensive Analysis of ABA Effects on Ethylene Biosynthesis and Signaling during Tomato Fruit Ripening. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0154072. [PMID: 27100326 PMCID: PMC4839774 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
ABA has been widely acknowledged to regulate ethylene biosynthesis and signaling during fruit ripening, but the molecular mechanism underlying the interaction between these two hormones are largely unexplored. In the present study, exogenous ABA treatment obviously promoted fruit ripening as well as ethylene emission, whereas NDGA (Nordihydroguaiaretic acid, an inhibitor of ABA biosynthesis) application showed the opposite biological effects. Combined RNA-seq with time-course RT-PCR analysis, our study not only helped to illustrate how ABA regulated itself at the transcription level, but also revealed that ABA can facilitate ethylene production and response probably by regulating some crucial genes such as LeACS4, LeACO1, GR and LeETR6. In addition, investigation on the fruits treated with 1-MCP immediately after ABA exposure revealed that ethylene might be essential for the induction of ABA biosynthesis and signaling at the onset of fruit ripening. Furthermore, some specific transcription factors (TFs) known as regulators of ethylene synthesis and sensibility (e.g. MADS-RIN, TAGL1, CNR and NOR) were also observed to be ABA responsive, which implied that ABA influenced ethylene action possibly through the regulation of these TFs expression. Our comprehensive physiological and molecular-level analysis shed light on the mechanism of cross-talk between ABA and ethylene during the process of tomato fruit ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangshu Mou
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang R & D Center for Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongdong Li
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang R & D Center for Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianwen Bu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University, Ji’nan 250100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Jiang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang R & D Center for Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zia Ullah Khan
- Department of Agriculture, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, KPK., Pakistan
| | - Zisheng Luo
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang R & D Center for Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People’s Republic of China
| | - Linchun Mao
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang R & D Center for Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tiejin Ying
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang R & D Center for Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail:
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Overexpression of SlUPA-like induces cell enlargement, aberrant development and low stress tolerance through phytohormonal pathway in tomato. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23818. [PMID: 27025226 PMCID: PMC4812305 DOI: 10.1038/srep23818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
upa20 induces cell enlargement and hypertrophy development. In our research, overexpression of SlUPA-like, orthologous to upa20, severely affected the growth of vegetative and reproductive tissues. Wilted leaves curled upwardly and sterile flowers were found in transgenic lines. Through anatomical analysis, palisade and spongy tissues showed fluffy and hypertrophic development in transgenic plants. Gene expression analysis showed that GA responsive, biosynthetic and signal transduction genes (e.g. GAST1, SlGA20OXs, SlGA3OXs, SlGID1s, and SlPREs) were significantly upregulated, indicating that GA response is stimulated by overproduction of SlUPA-like. Furthermore, SlUPA-like was strongly induced by exogenous JA and wounding. Decreased expression of PI-I and induced expression of SlJAZs (including SlJAZ2, SlJAZ10 and SlJAZ11) were observed in transgenic plants, suggesting that JA response is repressed. In addition, SlUPA-like overexpressed plant exhibited more opened stoma and higher water loss than the control when treated with dehydration stress, which was related to decreased ABA biosynthesis, signal transduction and response. Particularly, abnormal developments of transgenic plants promote the plant susceptibility to Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris. Therefore, it is deduced from these results that SlUPA-like plays vital role in regulation of plant development and stress tolerance through GA, JA and ABA pathways.
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AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 2 Intersects Hormonal Signals in the Regulation of Tomato Fruit Ripening. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1005903. [PMID: 26959229 PMCID: PMC4784954 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The involvement of ethylene in fruit ripening is well documented, though knowledge regarding the crosstalk between ethylene and other hormones in ripening is lacking. We discovered that AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 2A (ARF2A), a recognized auxin signaling component, functions in the control of ripening. ARF2A expression is ripening regulated and reduced in the rin, nor and nr ripening mutants. It is also responsive to exogenous application of ethylene, auxin and abscisic acid (ABA). Over-expressing ARF2A in tomato resulted in blotchy ripening in which certain fruit regions turn red and possess accelerated ripening. ARF2A over-expressing fruit displayed early ethylene emission and ethylene signaling inhibition delayed their ripening phenotype, suggesting ethylene dependency. Both green and red fruit regions showed the induction of ethylene signaling components and master regulators of ripening. Comprehensive hormone profiling revealed that altered ARF2A expression in fruit significantly modified abscisates, cytokinins and salicylic acid while gibberellic acid and auxin metabolites were unaffected. Silencing of ARF2A further validated these observations as reducing ARF2A expression let to retarded fruit ripening, parthenocarpy and a disturbed hormonal profile. Finally, we show that ARF2A both homodimerizes and interacts with the ABA STRESS RIPENING (ASR1) protein, suggesting that ASR1 might be linking ABA and ethylene-dependent ripening. These results revealed that ARF2A interconnects signals of ethylene and additional hormones to co-ordinate the capacity of fruit tissue to initiate the complex ripening process. The hormone ethylene is known to be involved in fleshy fruit ripening, although the role of other hormones is less well studied. Here we investigated the role of AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 2A (ARF2A) in tomato fruit ripening and suggest that it may be involved in the crosstalk between ethylene and other hormones. We show that over-expression of ARF2A (ARF2-OX) causes the fruit to ripen in an uneven, blotchy manner. The timing of ripening in ARF2-OX fruit is affected by applying exogenous ethylene, but the variegated appearance of ripening regions is independent of ethylene. In agreement with findings in ARF2-OX fruit, silencing of both ARF2 paralogs, ARF2A and ARF2B (ARF2as), delayed the ripening process. Comprehensive hormone profiling revealed that altered ARF2 expression in fruit significantly impacted abscisates, cytokinins and salicylic acid while gibberellic acid and auxin metabolites were unaffected. Transcriptome analysis of ARF2-OX fruit patches revealed that normal ripening does occur, however, the timing and co-ordination is affected. These observations were reinforced in ARF2as fruit that displayed the opposite gene expression and metabolic phenotypes. Finally, we show that ARF2A homodimerizes as well as interacts with the known ABA STRESS RIPENING (ASR1) protein, suggesting that ASR1 might be linking ABA and ethylene-dependent ripening. Our results reveal that ARF2A may interconnect signals of ethylene and additional hormones to co-ordinate the capacity of fruit tissue to initiate the complex ripening process.
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Kumar V, Irfan M, Ghosh S, Chakraborty N, Chakraborty S, Datta A. Fruit ripening mutants reveal cell metabolism and redox state during ripening. PROTOPLASMA 2016; 253:581-94. [PMID: 26008650 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-015-0836-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Ripening which leads to fruit senescence is an inimitable process characterized by vivid changes in color, texture, flavor, and aroma of the fleshy fruits. Our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the regulation of fruit ripening and senescence is far from complete. Molecular and biochemical studies on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) ripening mutants such as ripening inhibitor (rin), nonripening (nor), and never ripe (Nr) have been useful in our understanding of fruit development and ripening. The MADS-box transcription factor RIN, a global regulator of fruit ripening, is vital for the broad aspects of ripening, in both ethylene-dependent and independent manners. Here, we have carried out microarray analysis to study the expression profiles of tomato genes during ripening of wild type and rin mutant fruits. Analysis of the differentially expressed genes revealed the role of RIN in regulation of several molecular and biochemical events during fruit ripening including fruit specialized metabolism and cellular redox state. The role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during fruit ripening and senescence was further examined by determining the changes in ROS level during ripening of wild type and mutant fruits and by analyzing expression profiles of the genes involved in maintaining cellular redox state. Taken together, our findings suggest an important role of ROS during fruit ripening and senescence, and therefore, modulation of ROS level during ripening could be useful in achieving desired fruit quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Kumar
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Mohammad Irfan
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Sumit Ghosh
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Niranjan Chakraborty
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Subhra Chakraborty
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Asis Datta
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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Xu Y, Gao Z, Tao J, Jiang W, Zhang S, Wang Q, Qu S. Genome-Wide Detection of SNP and SV Variations to Reveal Early Ripening-Related Genes in Grape. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147749. [PMID: 26840449 PMCID: PMC4740429 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Early ripening in grape (Vitis vinifera L.) is a crucial agronomic trait. The fruits of the grape line 'Summer Black' (SBBM), which contains a bud mutation, can be harvested approximately one week earlier than the 'Summer Black' (SBC)control. To investigate the molecular mechanism of the bud mutation related to early ripening, we detected genome-wide genetic variations based on re-sequencing. In total, 3,692,777 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 81,223 structure variations (SVs) in the SBC genome and 3,823,464 SNPs and 85,801 SVs in the SBBM genome were detected compared with the reference grape sequence. Of these, 635 SBC-specific genes and 665 SBBM-specific genes were screened. Ripening and colour-associated unigenes with non-synonymous mutations (NS), SVs or frame-shift mutations (F) were analysed. The results showed that 90 unigenes in SBC, 76 unigenes in SBBM and 13 genes that mapped to large fragment indels were filtered. The expression patterns of eight genes were confirmed using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).The re-sequencing data showed that 635 SBC-specific genes and 665 SBBM-specific genes associated with early ripening were screened. Among these, NCED6 expression appears to be related to NCED1 and is involved in ABA biosynthesis in grape, which might play a role in the onset of anthocyanin accumulation. The SEP and ERF genes probably play roles in ethylene response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanshuai Xu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, No.50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing, 210014, P.R. China
| | - Zhihong Gao
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, P. R. China
| | - Jianmin Tao
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, P. R. China
| | - Weihua Jiang
- Agricultural Bureau & Forestry Workstation, Wujin District, Changzhou, 213000, P. R. China
| | - Shijie Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, P. R. China
| | - Qiunan Wang
- Agricultural Bureau & Forestry Workstation, Wujin District, Changzhou, 213000, P. R. China
| | - Shenchun Qu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, P. R. China
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Lashbrooke J, Adato A, Lotan O, Alkan N, Tsimbalist T, Rechav K, Fernandez-Moreno JP, Widemann E, Grausem B, Pinot F, Granell A, Costa F, Aharoni A. The Tomato MIXTA-Like Transcription Factor Coordinates Fruit Epidermis Conical Cell Development and Cuticular Lipid Biosynthesis and Assembly. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 169:2553-71. [PMID: 26443676 PMCID: PMC4677903 DOI: 10.1104/pp.15.01145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The epidermis of aerial plant organs is the primary source of building blocks forming the outer surface cuticular layer. To examine the relationship between epidermal cell development and cuticle assembly in the context of fruit surface, we investigated the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) MIXTA-like gene. MIXTA/MIXTA-like proteins, initially described in snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus) petals, are known regulators of epidermal cell differentiation. Fruit of transgenically silenced SlMIXTA-like tomato plants displayed defects in patterning of conical epidermal cells. They also showed altered postharvest water loss and resistance to pathogens. Transcriptome and cuticular lipids profiling coupled with comprehensive microscopy revealed significant modifications to cuticle assembly and suggested SlMIXTA-like to regulate cutin biosynthesis. Candidate genes likely acting downstream of SlMIXTA-like included cytochrome P450s (CYPs) of the CYP77A and CYP86A subfamilies, LONG-CHAIN ACYL-COA SYNTHETASE2, GLYCEROL-3-PHOSPHATE SN-2-ACYLTRANSFERASE4, and the ATP-BINDING CASSETTE11 cuticular lipids transporter. As part of a larger regulatory network of epidermal cell patterning and L1-layer identity, we found that SlMIXTA-like acts downstream of SlSHINE3 and possibly cooperates with homeodomain Leu zipper IV transcription factors. Hence, SlMIXTA-like is a positive regulator of both cuticle and conical epidermal cell formation in tomato fruit, acting as a mediator of the tight association between fruit cutin polymer formation, cuticle assembly, and epidermal cell patterning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Lashbrooke
- Department of Plant Sciences (J.L., A.Ad., O.L., N.A., T.T., J.-P.F.-M., A.Ah.) andChemical Research Support (K.R.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel;Research and Innovation Centre, Foundation Edmund Mach, I-38010 San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy (J.L., F.C.);Institute for Wine Biotechnology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa (J.L.);Department of Postharvest Science of Fresh Fruit, The Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel (N.A.);Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, 46022 Valencia, Spain (J.-P.F.-M., A.G.); andDépartement Réseaux Métaboliques chez les Végétaux, Institut de Biologie Molééculaire des Plantes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 2357, Université de Strasbourg, 67083 Strasbourg cedex, France (E.W., B.G., F.P.)
| | - Avital Adato
- Department of Plant Sciences (J.L., A.Ad., O.L., N.A., T.T., J.-P.F.-M., A.Ah.) andChemical Research Support (K.R.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel;Research and Innovation Centre, Foundation Edmund Mach, I-38010 San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy (J.L., F.C.);Institute for Wine Biotechnology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa (J.L.);Department of Postharvest Science of Fresh Fruit, The Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel (N.A.);Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, 46022 Valencia, Spain (J.-P.F.-M., A.G.); andDépartement Réseaux Métaboliques chez les Végétaux, Institut de Biologie Molééculaire des Plantes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 2357, Université de Strasbourg, 67083 Strasbourg cedex, France (E.W., B.G., F.P.)
| | - Orfa Lotan
- Department of Plant Sciences (J.L., A.Ad., O.L., N.A., T.T., J.-P.F.-M., A.Ah.) andChemical Research Support (K.R.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel;Research and Innovation Centre, Foundation Edmund Mach, I-38010 San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy (J.L., F.C.);Institute for Wine Biotechnology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa (J.L.);Department of Postharvest Science of Fresh Fruit, The Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel (N.A.);Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, 46022 Valencia, Spain (J.-P.F.-M., A.G.); andDépartement Réseaux Métaboliques chez les Végétaux, Institut de Biologie Molééculaire des Plantes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 2357, Université de Strasbourg, 67083 Strasbourg cedex, France (E.W., B.G., F.P.)
| | - Noam Alkan
- Department of Plant Sciences (J.L., A.Ad., O.L., N.A., T.T., J.-P.F.-M., A.Ah.) andChemical Research Support (K.R.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel;Research and Innovation Centre, Foundation Edmund Mach, I-38010 San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy (J.L., F.C.);Institute for Wine Biotechnology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa (J.L.);Department of Postharvest Science of Fresh Fruit, The Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel (N.A.);Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, 46022 Valencia, Spain (J.-P.F.-M., A.G.); andDépartement Réseaux Métaboliques chez les Végétaux, Institut de Biologie Molééculaire des Plantes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 2357, Université de Strasbourg, 67083 Strasbourg cedex, France (E.W., B.G., F.P.)
| | - Tatiana Tsimbalist
- Department of Plant Sciences (J.L., A.Ad., O.L., N.A., T.T., J.-P.F.-M., A.Ah.) andChemical Research Support (K.R.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel;Research and Innovation Centre, Foundation Edmund Mach, I-38010 San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy (J.L., F.C.);Institute for Wine Biotechnology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa (J.L.);Department of Postharvest Science of Fresh Fruit, The Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel (N.A.);Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, 46022 Valencia, Spain (J.-P.F.-M., A.G.); andDépartement Réseaux Métaboliques chez les Végétaux, Institut de Biologie Molééculaire des Plantes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 2357, Université de Strasbourg, 67083 Strasbourg cedex, France (E.W., B.G., F.P.)
| | - Katya Rechav
- Department of Plant Sciences (J.L., A.Ad., O.L., N.A., T.T., J.-P.F.-M., A.Ah.) andChemical Research Support (K.R.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel;Research and Innovation Centre, Foundation Edmund Mach, I-38010 San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy (J.L., F.C.);Institute for Wine Biotechnology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa (J.L.);Department of Postharvest Science of Fresh Fruit, The Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel (N.A.);Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, 46022 Valencia, Spain (J.-P.F.-M., A.G.); andDépartement Réseaux Métaboliques chez les Végétaux, Institut de Biologie Molééculaire des Plantes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 2357, Université de Strasbourg, 67083 Strasbourg cedex, France (E.W., B.G., F.P.)
| | - Josefina-Patricia Fernandez-Moreno
- Department of Plant Sciences (J.L., A.Ad., O.L., N.A., T.T., J.-P.F.-M., A.Ah.) andChemical Research Support (K.R.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel;Research and Innovation Centre, Foundation Edmund Mach, I-38010 San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy (J.L., F.C.);Institute for Wine Biotechnology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa (J.L.);Department of Postharvest Science of Fresh Fruit, The Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel (N.A.);Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, 46022 Valencia, Spain (J.-P.F.-M., A.G.); andDépartement Réseaux Métaboliques chez les Végétaux, Institut de Biologie Molééculaire des Plantes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 2357, Université de Strasbourg, 67083 Strasbourg cedex, France (E.W., B.G., F.P.)
| | - Emilie Widemann
- Department of Plant Sciences (J.L., A.Ad., O.L., N.A., T.T., J.-P.F.-M., A.Ah.) andChemical Research Support (K.R.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel;Research and Innovation Centre, Foundation Edmund Mach, I-38010 San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy (J.L., F.C.);Institute for Wine Biotechnology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa (J.L.);Department of Postharvest Science of Fresh Fruit, The Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel (N.A.);Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, 46022 Valencia, Spain (J.-P.F.-M., A.G.); andDépartement Réseaux Métaboliques chez les Végétaux, Institut de Biologie Molééculaire des Plantes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 2357, Université de Strasbourg, 67083 Strasbourg cedex, France (E.W., B.G., F.P.)
| | - Bernard Grausem
- Department of Plant Sciences (J.L., A.Ad., O.L., N.A., T.T., J.-P.F.-M., A.Ah.) andChemical Research Support (K.R.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel;Research and Innovation Centre, Foundation Edmund Mach, I-38010 San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy (J.L., F.C.);Institute for Wine Biotechnology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa (J.L.);Department of Postharvest Science of Fresh Fruit, The Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel (N.A.);Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, 46022 Valencia, Spain (J.-P.F.-M., A.G.); andDépartement Réseaux Métaboliques chez les Végétaux, Institut de Biologie Molééculaire des Plantes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 2357, Université de Strasbourg, 67083 Strasbourg cedex, France (E.W., B.G., F.P.)
| | - Franck Pinot
- Department of Plant Sciences (J.L., A.Ad., O.L., N.A., T.T., J.-P.F.-M., A.Ah.) andChemical Research Support (K.R.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel;Research and Innovation Centre, Foundation Edmund Mach, I-38010 San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy (J.L., F.C.);Institute for Wine Biotechnology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa (J.L.);Department of Postharvest Science of Fresh Fruit, The Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel (N.A.);Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, 46022 Valencia, Spain (J.-P.F.-M., A.G.); andDépartement Réseaux Métaboliques chez les Végétaux, Institut de Biologie Molééculaire des Plantes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 2357, Université de Strasbourg, 67083 Strasbourg cedex, France (E.W., B.G., F.P.)
| | - Antonio Granell
- Department of Plant Sciences (J.L., A.Ad., O.L., N.A., T.T., J.-P.F.-M., A.Ah.) andChemical Research Support (K.R.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel;Research and Innovation Centre, Foundation Edmund Mach, I-38010 San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy (J.L., F.C.);Institute for Wine Biotechnology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa (J.L.);Department of Postharvest Science of Fresh Fruit, The Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel (N.A.);Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, 46022 Valencia, Spain (J.-P.F.-M., A.G.); andDépartement Réseaux Métaboliques chez les Végétaux, Institut de Biologie Molééculaire des Plantes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 2357, Université de Strasbourg, 67083 Strasbourg cedex, France (E.W., B.G., F.P.)
| | - Fabrizio Costa
- Department of Plant Sciences (J.L., A.Ad., O.L., N.A., T.T., J.-P.F.-M., A.Ah.) andChemical Research Support (K.R.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel;Research and Innovation Centre, Foundation Edmund Mach, I-38010 San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy (J.L., F.C.);Institute for Wine Biotechnology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa (J.L.);Department of Postharvest Science of Fresh Fruit, The Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel (N.A.);Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, 46022 Valencia, Spain (J.-P.F.-M., A.G.); andDépartement Réseaux Métaboliques chez les Végétaux, Institut de Biologie Molééculaire des Plantes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 2357, Université de Strasbourg, 67083 Strasbourg cedex, France (E.W., B.G., F.P.)
| | - Asaph Aharoni
- Department of Plant Sciences (J.L., A.Ad., O.L., N.A., T.T., J.-P.F.-M., A.Ah.) andChemical Research Support (K.R.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel;Research and Innovation Centre, Foundation Edmund Mach, I-38010 San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy (J.L., F.C.);Institute for Wine Biotechnology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa (J.L.);Department of Postharvest Science of Fresh Fruit, The Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel (N.A.);Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, 46022 Valencia, Spain (J.-P.F.-M., A.G.); andDépartement Réseaux Métaboliques chez les Végétaux, Institut de Biologie Molééculaire des Plantes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 2357, Université de Strasbourg, 67083 Strasbourg cedex, France (E.W., B.G., F.P.)
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Li Q, Chen P, Dai S, Sun Y, Yuan B, Kai W, Pei Y, He S, Liang B, Zhang Y, Leng P. PacCYP707A2 negatively regulates cherry fruit ripening while PacCYP707A1 mediates drought tolerance. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2015; 66:3765-74. [PMID: 25956880 PMCID: PMC4473978 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Sweet cherry is a non-climacteric fruit and its ripening is regulated by abscisic acid (ABA) during fruit development. In this study, four cDNAs (PacCYP707A1-4) encoding 8'-hydroxylase, a key enzyme in the oxidative catabolism of ABA, were identified in sweet cherry fruits using tobacco rattle virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) and particle bombardment approaches. Quantitative real-time PCR confirmed significant down-regulation of target gene transcripts in VIGS-treated cherry fruits. In PacCYP707A2-RNAi-treated fruits, ripening and fruit colouring were promoted relative to control fruits, and both ABA accumulation and PacNCED1 transcript levels were up-regulated by 140%. Silencing of PacCYP707A2 by VIGS significantly altered the transcripts of both ABA-responsive and ripening-related genes, including the ABA metabolism-associated genes NCED and CYP707A, the anthocyanin synthesis genes PacCHS, PacCHI, PacF3H, PacDFR, PacANS, and PacUFGT, the ethylene biosynthesis gene PacACO1, and the transcription factor PacMYBA. The promoter of PacMYBA responded more strongly to PacCYP707A2-RNAi-treated fruits than to PacCYP707A1-RNAi-treated fruits. By contrast, silencing of PacCYP707A1 stimulated a slight increase in fruit colouring and enhanced resistance to dehydration stress compared with control fruits. These results suggest that PacCYP707A2 is a key regulator of ABA catabolism that functions as a negative regulator of fruit ripening, while PacCYP707A1 regulates ABA content in response to dehydration during fruit development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Pei Chen
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Shengjie Dai
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yufei Sun
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Bing Yuan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 East University BouleVard, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Wenbin Kai
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yuelin Pei
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Suihuan He
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Bin Liang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yushu Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 East University BouleVard, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Ping Leng
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
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Yu HQ, Zhang YY, Yong TM, Liu YP, Zhou SF, Fu FL, Li WC. Cloning and functional validation of molybdenum cofactor sulfurase gene from Ammopiptanthus nanus. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2015; 34:1165-1176. [PMID: 25721201 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-015-1775-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Revised: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The molybdenum cofactor sulfurase gene ( AnMCSU ) was cloned from xerophytic desert plant Ammopiptanthus nanus and validated for its function of tolerance toward abiotic stresses by heterologous expression in Arabidopsis thaliana. Molybdenum cofactor sulfurase participates in catalyzing biosynthesis of abscisic acid, which plays a crucial role in the response of plants to abiotic stresses. In this study, we cloned molybdenum cofactor sulfurase gene (AnMCSU) from a super-xerophytic desert plant, Ammopiptanthus nanus, by using rapid amplification of cDNA ends method. This gene has a total length of 2544 bp, with a 5'- and a 3'-untranslated region of 167 and 88 bp, and an open reading frame of 2289 bp, which encodes an 84.85 kDa protein of 762 amino acids. The putative amino acid sequence shares high homology and conserved amino acid residues crucial for the function of molybdenum cofactor sulfurases with other leguminous species. The encoded protein of the AnMCSU gene was located in the cytoplasm by transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana. The result of real-time quantitative PCR showed that the expression of the AnMCSU gene was induced by heat, dehydration, high salt stresses, and ABA induction, and inhibited by cold stress. The heterologous expression of the AnMCSU gene significantly enhanced the tolerance of Arabidopsis thaliana to high salt, cold, osmotic stresses, and abscisic acid induction. All these results suggest that the AnMCSU gene might play a crucial role in the adaptation of A. nanus to abiotic stress and has potential to be applied to transgenic improvement of commercial crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Qiang Yu
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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Su L, Diretto G, Purgatto E, Danoun S, Zouine M, Li Z, Roustan JP, Bouzayen M, Giuliano G, Chervin C. Carotenoid accumulation during tomato fruit ripening is modulated by the auxin-ethylene balance. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 15:114. [PMID: 25953041 PMCID: PMC4424491 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-015-0495-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tomato fruit ripening is controlled by ethylene and is characterized by a shift in color from green to red, a strong accumulation of lycopene, and a decrease in β-xanthophylls and chlorophylls. The role of other hormones, such as auxin, has been less studied. Auxin is retarding the fruit ripening. In tomato, there is no study of the carotenoid content and related transcript after treatment with auxin. RESULTS We followed the effects of application of various hormone-like substances to "Mature-Green" fruits. Application of an ethylene precursor (ACC) or of an auxin antagonist (PCIB) to tomato fruits accelerated the color shift, the accumulation of lycopene, α-, β-, and δ-carotenes and the disappearance of β-xanthophylls and chlorophyll b. By contrast, application of auxin (IAA) delayed the color shift, the lycopene accumulation and the decrease of chlorophyll a. Combined application of IAA + ACC led to an intermediate phenotype. The levels of transcripts coding for carotenoid biosynthesis enzymes, for the ripening regulator Rin, for chlorophyllase, and the levels of ethylene and abscisic acid (ABA) were monitored in the treated fruits. Correlation network analyses suggest that ABA, may also be a key regulator of several responses to auxin and ethylene treatments. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that IAA retards tomato ripening by affecting a set of (i) key regulators, such as Rin, ethylene and ABA, and (ii) key effectors, such as genes for lycopene and β-xanthophyll biosynthesis and for chlorophyll degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Su
- Université de Toulouse, INP-ENSA Toulouse, UMR990 Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, CS 32607, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
- Actual address: Department of Life Sciences, Xi'an University of Arts and Science, Xi'an, 710065, PR China.
| | - Gianfranco Diretto
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy, and Sustainable Development, Casaccia Research Centre, 00123, Rome, Italy.
| | - Eduardo Purgatto
- Department Food and Experimental Nutrition; NAPAN/FoRC - Food Research Center, Universidade de São Paulo, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 580, Butantã, CEP 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Saïda Danoun
- Université de Toulouse; UPS; UMR 5546; Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales (LRSV), 24 Chemin de Borde Rouge, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
| | - Mohamed Zouine
- Université de Toulouse, INP-ENSA Toulouse, UMR990 Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, CS 32607, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
- INRA, UMR990 Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits, 24 Chemin de Borde Rouge, CS 52627, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
| | - Zhengguo Li
- Genetic Engineering Research Centre, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China.
| | - Jean-Paul Roustan
- Université de Toulouse, INP-ENSA Toulouse, UMR990 Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, CS 32607, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
- INRA, UMR990 Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits, 24 Chemin de Borde Rouge, CS 52627, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
| | - Mondher Bouzayen
- Université de Toulouse, INP-ENSA Toulouse, UMR990 Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, CS 32607, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
- INRA, UMR990 Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits, 24 Chemin de Borde Rouge, CS 52627, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
| | - Giovanni Giuliano
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy, and Sustainable Development, Casaccia Research Centre, 00123, Rome, Italy.
| | - Christian Chervin
- Université de Toulouse, INP-ENSA Toulouse, UMR990 Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, CS 32607, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
- INRA, UMR990 Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits, 24 Chemin de Borde Rouge, CS 52627, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
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