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WSB1 regulates c-Myc expression through β-catenin signaling and forms a feedforward circuit. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:1225-1239. [PMID: 35530152 PMCID: PMC9072231 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The dysregulation of transcription factors is widely associated with tumorigenesis. As the most well-defined transcription factor in multiple types of cancer, c-Myc can transform cells by transactivating various downstream genes. Given that there is no effective way to directly inhibit c-Myc, c-Myc targeting strategies hold great potential for cancer therapy. In this study, we found that WSB1, which has a highly positive correlation with c-Myc in 10 cancer cell lines and clinical samples, is a direct target gene of c-Myc, and can positively regulate c-Myc expression, which forms a feedforward circuit promoting cancer development. RNA sequencing results from Bel-7402 cells confirmed that WSB1 promoted c-Myc expression through the β-catenin pathway. Mechanistically, WSB1 affected β-catenin destruction complex-PPP2CA assembly and E3 ubiquitin ligase adaptor β-TRCP recruitment, which inhibited the ubiquitination of β-catenin and transactivated c-Myc. Of interest, the effect of WSB1 on c-Myc was independent of its E3 ligase activity. Moreover, overexpressing WSB1 in the Bel-7402 xenograft model could further strengthen the tumor-driven effect of c-Myc overexpression. Thus, our findings revealed a novel mechanism involved in tumorigenesis in which the WSB1/c-Myc feedforward circuit played an essential role, highlighting a potential c-Myc intervention strategy in cancer treatment.
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Key Words
- ATM, serine-protein kinase ATM
- CHIP, chromatin immunoprecipitation
- CK1, casein kinase 1
- Cancer treatment
- EBP2, probable rRNA-processing protein EBP2
- ESC complex, elongin B/C-cullin 2/5-SOCS box containing ubiquitin ligase protein complex
- Feedback loop
- GSK3β, glycogen synthase kinase 3β
- HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma
- HIF1-α, hypoxia induced factor 1-alpha
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- PLK1, serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK1
- PP2A, serine/threonine protein phosphatase 2A
- PROTAC, proteolysis targeting chimaera
- RhoGDI2, Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor 2
- TFs, transcription factors
- Transcription factors
- Tumorigenesis
- Ubiquitination-proteasome pathway
- WSB1
- WSB1, WD repeat and SOCS box containing 1
- c-Myc
- c-Myc, proto-oncogene c-Myc
- eIF4F, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4F
- β-Catenin destruction complex
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Hypoxia-Inducible Factors and Burn-Associated Acute Kidney Injury-A New Paradigm? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052470. [PMID: 35269613 PMCID: PMC8910144 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
O2 deprivation induces stress in living cells linked to free-radical accumulation and oxidative stress (OS) development. Hypoxia is established when the overall oxygen pressure is less than 40 mmHg in cells or tissues. However, tissues and cells have different degrees of hypoxia. Hypoxia or low O2 tension may be present in both physiological (during embryonic development) and pathological circumstances (ischemia, wound healing, and cancer). Meanwhile, the kidneys are major energy-consuming organs, being second only to the heart, with an increased mitochondrial content and O2 consumption. Furthermore, hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are the key players that orchestrate the mammalian response to hypoxia. HIFs adapt cells to low oxygen concentrations by regulating transcriptional programs involved in erythropoiesis, angiogenesis, and metabolism. On the other hand, one of the life-threatening complications of severe burns is acute kidney injury (AKI). The dreaded functional consequence of AKI is an acute decline in renal function. Taking all these aspects into consideration, the aim of this review is to describe the role and underline the importance of HIFs in the development of AKI in patients with severe burns, because kidney hypoxia is constant in the presence of severe burns, and HIFs are major players in the adaptative response of all tissues to hypoxia.
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Batie M, Kenneth NS, Rocha S. Systems approaches to understand oxygen sensing: how multi-omics has driven advances in understanding oxygen-based signalling. Biochem J 2022; 479:245-257. [PMID: 35119457 PMCID: PMC8883490 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20210554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia is a common denominator in the pathophysiology of a variety of human disease states. Insight into how cells detect, and respond to low oxygen is crucial to understanding the role of hypoxia in disease. Central to the hypoxic response is rapid changes in the expression of genes essential to carry out a wide range of functions to adapt the cell/tissue to decreased oxygen availability. These changes in gene expression are co-ordinated by specialised transcription factors, changes to chromatin architecture and intricate balances between protein synthesis and destruction that together establish changes to the cellular proteome. In this article, we will discuss the advances of our understanding of the cellular oxygen sensing machinery achieved through the application of 'omics-based experimental approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Batie
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, Liverpool L697ZB, U.K
| | - Niall S. Kenneth
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, Liverpool L697ZB, U.K
| | - Sonia Rocha
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, Liverpool L697ZB, U.K
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Das T, Kamle A, Kumar A, Chakravarty S. Hypoxia Induced Sex-Difference in Zebrafish Brain Proteome Profile Reveals the Crucial Role of H3K9me3 in Recovery From Acute Hypoxia. Front Genet 2022; 12:635904. [PMID: 35173759 PMCID: PMC8841817 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.635904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the molecular basis of sex differences in neural response to acute hypoxic insult has profound implications for the effective prevention and treatment of ischemic stroke. Global hypoxic-ischemic induced neural damage has been studied recently under well-controlled, non-invasive, reproducible conditions using a zebrafish model. Our earlier report on sex difference in global acute hypoxia-induced neural damage and recovery in zebrafish prompted us to conduct a comprehensive study on the mechanisms underlying the recovery. An omics approach for studying quantitative changes in brain proteome upon hypoxia insult following recovery was undertaken using iTRAQ-based LC-MS/MS approach. The results shed light on the altered expression of many regulatory proteins in the zebrafish brain upon acute hypoxia following recovery. The sex difference in differentially expressed proteins along with the proteins expressed in a uniform direction in both the sexes was studied. Core expression analysis by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) showed a distinct sex difference in the disease function heatmap. Most of the upstream regulators obtained through IPA were validated at the transcriptional level. Translational upregulation of H3K9me3 in males led us to elucidate the mechanism of recovery by confirming transcriptional targets through ChIP-qPCR. The upregulation of H3K9me3 level in males at 4 h post-hypoxia appears to affect the early neurogenic markers nestin, klf4, and sox2, which might explain the late recovery in males, compared to females. Acute hypoxia-induced sex-specific comparison of brain proteome led us to reveal many differentially expressed proteins, which can be further studied for the development of novel targets for better therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapatee Das
- Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Avijeet Kamle
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Hyderabad, India
| | - Arvind Kumar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Hyderabad, India
| | - Sumana Chakravarty
- Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- *Correspondence: Sumana Chakravarty,
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de Keijzer MJ, de Klerk DJ, de Haan LR, van Kooten RT, Franchi LP, Dias LM, Kleijn TG, van Doorn DJ, Heger M. Inhibition of the HIF-1 Survival Pathway as a Strategy to Augment Photodynamic Therapy Efficacy. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2451:285-403. [PMID: 35505024 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2099-1_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a non-to-minimally invasive treatment modality that utilizes photoactivatable drugs called photosensitizers to disrupt tumors with locally photoproduced reactive oxygen species (ROS). Photosensitizer activation by light results in hyperoxidative stress and subsequent tumor cell death, vascular shutdown and hypoxia, and an antitumor immune response. However, sublethally afflicted tumor cells initiate several survival mechanisms that account for decreased PDT efficacy. The hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) pathway is one of the most effective cell survival pathways that contributes to cell recovery from PDT-induced damage. Several hundred target genes of the HIF-1 heterodimeric complex collectively mediate processes that are involved in tumor cell survival directly and indirectly (e.g., vascularization, glucose metabolism, proliferation, and metastasis). The broad spectrum of biological ramifications culminating from the activation of HIF-1 target genes reflects the importance of HIF-1 in the context of therapeutic recalcitrance. This chapter elaborates on the involvement of HIF-1 in cancer biology, the hypoxic response mechanisms, and the role of HIF-1 in PDT. An overview of inhibitors that either directly or indirectly impede HIF-1-mediated survival signaling is provided. The inhibitors may be used as pharmacological adjuvants in combination with PDT to augment therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J de Keijzer
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory for Photonanomedicine and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel J de Klerk
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory for Photonanomedicine and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lianne R de Haan
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robert T van Kooten
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Leonardo P Franchi
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB) 2, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, GO, Brazil
- Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences, and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, epartment of Chemistry, Center of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering-Photobiology and Photomedicine Research Group,University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lionel M Dias
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory for Photonanomedicine and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tony G Kleijn
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory for Photonanomedicine and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Diederick J van Doorn
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michal Heger
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory for Photonanomedicine and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Analysis of the Single-Cell Heterogeneity of Adenocarcinoma Cell Lines and the Investigation of Intratumor Heterogeneity Reveals the Expression of Transmembrane Protein 45A (TMEM45A) in Lung Adenocarcinoma Cancer Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 14:cancers14010144. [PMID: 35008313 PMCID: PMC8750076 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14010144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the main causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) is responsible for the majority of difficulties encountered in the treatment of lung-cancer patients. Therefore, the heterogeneity of NSCLC cell lines and primary lung adenocarcinoma was investigated by single-cell mass cytometry (CyTOF). Human NSCLC adenocarcinoma cells A549, H1975, and H1650 were studied at single-cell resolution for the expression pattern of 13 markers: GLUT1, MCT4, CA9, TMEM45A, CD66, CD274, CD24, CD326, pan-keratin, TRA-1-60, galectin-3, galectin-1, and EGFR. The intra- and inter-cell-line heterogeneity of A549, H1975, and H1650 cells were demonstrated through hypoxic modeling. Additionally, human primary lung adenocarcinoma, and non-involved healthy lung tissue were homogenized to prepare a single-cell suspension for CyTOF analysis. The single-cell heterogeneity was confirmed using unsupervised viSNE and FlowSOM analysis. Our results also show, for the first time, that TMEM45A is expressed in lung adenocarcinoma. Abstract Intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) is responsible for the majority of difficulties encountered in the treatment of lung-cancer patients. Therefore, the heterogeneity of NSCLC cell lines and primary lung adenocarcinoma was investigated by single-cell mass cytometry (CyTOF). First, we studied the single-cell heterogeneity of frequent NSCLC adenocarcinoma models, such as A549, H1975, and H1650. The intra- and inter-cell-line single-cell heterogeneity is represented in the expression patterns of 13 markers—namely GLUT1, MCT4, CA9, TMEM45A, CD66, CD274 (PD-L1), CD24, CD326 (EpCAM), pan-keratin, TRA-1-60, galectin-3, galectin-1, and EGFR. The qRT-PCR and CyTOF analyses revealed that a hypoxic microenvironment and altered metabolism may influence cell-line heterogeneity. Additionally, human primary lung adenocarcinoma and non-involved healthy lung tissue biopsies were homogenized to prepare a single-cell suspension for CyTOF analysis. The CyTOF showed the ITH of human primary lung adenocarcinoma for 14 markers; particularly, the higher expressions of GLUT1, MCT4, CA9, TMEM45A, and CD66 were associated with the lung-tumor tissue. Our single-cell results are the first to demonstrate TMEM45A expression in human lung adenocarcinoma, which was verified by immunohistochemistry.
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Feng Y, Li F, Yan J, Guo X, Wang F, Shi H, Du J, Zhang H, Gao Y, Li D, Yao Y, Hu W, Han J, Zhang M, Ding R, Wang X, Huang C, Zhang J. Pan-cancer analysis and experiments with cell lines reveal that the slightly elevated expression of DLGAP5 is involved in clear cell renal cell carcinoma progression. Life Sci 2021; 287:120056. [PMID: 34687756 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Discs large-associated protein 5 (DLGAP5), a kinetochore fibers-binding protein, functions as a oncoprotein in many cancers. However, its expression patterns in pan-cancer including clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) are not analyzed. Herein, we aimed to evaluate its expression in more common cancers, especially in ccRCC. MAIN METHODS Data from Genotype-Tissue Expression, The Cancer Genome Atlas, and Tumor Immune Estimation Resource were used to analyze the DLGAP5 expression in normal tissues, cancer cell lines, and cancer tissues, as well as the immune infiltration levels. The analysis results were verified with ccRCC cell lines via RNAi, western blotting, and the cytological analysis. KEY FINDINGS Low DLGAP5 expression in 31 types of normal tissues, the upregulation in 21 cancer cell lines, and the significant elevated expression in 26 types of cancers, were found, Surprisingly, kidney cancer including ccRCC, DLGAP5 exhibited a slightly elevated but statistically significant expression among 26 types of cancers. In addition, elevated DLGAP5 expression was significantly positive correlated with immune infiltration level in ccRCC. The survival probability of some cancers including kidney cancer, clinical TNM stage of ccRCC patients were significantly related to upregulated DLGAP5 expression. The experiments results showed DLGAP5 upregulation in ccRCC tissues and the cell lines, its knockdown inhibited the cells viability and proliferation, and compromised the cells migration and invasion. SIGNIFICANCE Elevated DLGAP5 expression occurred in common cancers. However, its slightly upregulated expression is related with ccRCC progression, it is therefore a prognostic risk factor for ccRCC, but not an independent factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Feng
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, Shaanxi Province, China; Yan'an Key Laboratory of Chronic Disease Prevention and Research, Yan'an 716000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Yan
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, Shaanxi Province, China; Yan'an Key Laboratory of Chronic Disease Prevention and Research, Yan'an 716000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xianli Guo
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, Shaanxi Province, China; Yan'an Key Laboratory of Chronic Disease Prevention and Research, Yan'an 716000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Fenghui Wang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, Shaanxi Province, China; Yan'an Key Laboratory of Chronic Disease Prevention and Research, Yan'an 716000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Haiyan Shi
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, Shaanxi Province, China; Yan'an Key Laboratory of Chronic Disease Prevention and Research, Yan'an 716000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, Shaanxi Province, China; Yan'an Key Laboratory of Chronic Disease Prevention and Research, Yan'an 716000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Huahua Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, Shaanxi Province, China; Yan'an Key Laboratory of Chronic Disease Prevention and Research, Yan'an 716000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yi Gao
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, Shaanxi Province, China; Yan'an Key Laboratory of Chronic Disease Prevention and Research, Yan'an 716000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, Shaanxi Province, China; Yan'an Key Laboratory of Chronic Disease Prevention and Research, Yan'an 716000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yan Yao
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, Shaanxi Province, China; Yan'an Key Laboratory of Chronic Disease Prevention and Research, Yan'an 716000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Weihong Hu
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, Shaanxi Province, China; Yan'an Key Laboratory of Chronic Disease Prevention and Research, Yan'an 716000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jiaqi Han
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, Shaanxi Province, China; Yan'an Key Laboratory of Chronic Disease Prevention and Research, Yan'an 716000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Mengjie Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, Shaanxi Province, China; Yan'an Key Laboratory of Chronic Disease Prevention and Research, Yan'an 716000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Ruxin Ding
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, Shaanxi Province, China; Yan'an Key Laboratory of Chronic Disease Prevention and Research, Yan'an 716000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Chen Huang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, Shaanxi Province, China; Yan'an Key Laboratory of Chronic Disease Prevention and Research, Yan'an 716000, Shaanxi Province, China.
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Cabaj A, Moszyńska A, Charzyńska A, Bartoszewski R, Dąbrowski M. Functional and HRE motifs count analysis of induction of selected hypoxia-responsive genes by HIF-1 and HIF-2 in human umbilical endothelial cells. Cell Signal 2021; 90:110209. [PMID: 34890779 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We analyzed the effects of selective knockdown of either HIF-1α or HIF-2α on the transcriptional response to hypoxia of human umbilical endothelial cells at two time-points (2 h and 8 h) of hypoxia. We focused on 13 previously identified hypoxia-responsive genes, pre-selected to have different activation kinetics and different proportions of HRE motifs annotated to either HIF-1 or HIF-2 in open promoters - open chromatin DNase-hypersensitive sites (DHS) regions within ±1 kb of the gene start. We report that genes activated by both HIF-1 and 2 tend to be activated earlier than genes activated by HIF-1 only, which, in turn, tend to be activated earlier than genes activated by HIF-2 only. Moreover, for the 13 analyzed genes, we found that the effect of silencing HIF1A on the gene induction by hypoxia is greater for the genes with more HRE motifs annotated to HIF-1 in their promoter open chromatin DHS regions within ±1 kb and also within ±10 kb of the gene start. We corroborated and extended this finding by showing that among 232 genes previously identified as activated by hypoxia, the genes with ChIP-seq peak(s) for HIF-1α within a ±10 kb flank of the gene start contain more HRE motifs annotated to HIF-1 in the DHS regions within this flank than the genes with no ChIP-seq peaks. Also in the whole genome, the DHS regions intersecting ChIP-seq peaks for HIF-1α contain more HRE motifs annotated to HIF-1 than the DHS regions not intersecting the ChIP-seq peaks. This suggests a mechanism, by which higher promoter content of HRE motifs in DHS regions increases HIF-1 binding, which in turn increases gene induction by hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Cabaj
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Pasteura 3, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adrianna Moszyńska
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdansk, Al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Agata Charzyńska
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Pasteura 3, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Rafał Bartoszewski
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdansk, Al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Michał Dąbrowski
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Pasteura 3, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
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Knyazev E, Maltseva D, Raygorodskaya M, Shkurnikov M. HIF-Dependent NFATC1 Activation Upregulates ITGA5 and PLAUR in Intestinal Epithelium in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Front Genet 2021; 12:791640. [PMID: 34858489 PMCID: PMC8632048 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.791640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal epithelial cells exist in physiological hypoxia, leading to hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) activation and supporting barrier function and cell metabolism of the intestinal epithelium. In contrast, pathological hypoxia is a common feature of some chronic disorders, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This work was aimed at studying HIF-associated changes in the intestinal epithelium in IBD. In the first step, a list of genes responding to chemical activation of hypoxia was obtained in an in vitro intestinal cell model with RNA sequencing. Cobalt (II) chloride and oxyquinoline treatment of both undifferentiated and differentiated Caco-2 cells activate the HIF-signaling pathway according to gene set enrichment analysis. The core gene set responding to chemical hypoxia stimulation in the intestinal model included 115 upregulated and 69 downregulated genes. Of this set, protein product was detected for 32 genes, and fold changes in proteome and RNA sequencing significantly correlate. Analysis of publicly available RNA sequencing set of the intestinal epithelial cells of patients with IBD confirmed HIF-1 signaling pathway activation in sigmoid colon of patients with ulcerative colitis and terminal ileum of patients with Crohn's disease. Of the core gene set from the gut hypoxia model, expression activation of ITGA5 and PLAUR genes encoding integrin α5 and urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) was detected in IBD specimens. The interaction of these molecules can activate cell migration and regenerative processes in the epithelium. Transcription factor analysis with the previously developed miRGTF tool revealed the possible role of HIF1A and NFATC1 in the regulation of ITGA5 and PLAUR gene expression. Detected genes can serve as markers of IBD progression and intestinal hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny Knyazev
- Laboratory of Microfluidic Technologies for Biomedicine, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Diana Maltseva
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE), Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria Raygorodskaya
- Laboratory of Microfluidic Technologies for Biomedicine, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim Shkurnikov
- Laboratory of Microfluidic Technologies for Biomedicine, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE), Moscow, Russia.,National Center of Medical Radiological Research, P. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
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Lautens MJ, Tan JH, Serrat X, Del Borrello S, Schertzberg MR, Fraser AG. Identification of enzymes that have helminth-specific active sites and are required for Rhodoquinone-dependent metabolism as targets for new anthelmintics. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009991. [PMID: 34843467 PMCID: PMC8659336 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil transmitted helminths (STHs) are major human pathogens that infect over a billion people. Resistance to current anthelmintics is rising and new drugs are needed. Here we combine multiple approaches to find druggable targets in the anaerobic metabolic pathways STHs need to survive in their mammalian host. These require rhodoquinone (RQ), an electron carrier used by STHs and not their hosts. We identified 25 genes predicted to act in RQ-dependent metabolism including sensing hypoxia and RQ synthesis and found 9 are required. Since all 9 have mammalian orthologues, we used comparative genomics and structural modeling to identify those with active sites that differ between host and parasite. Together, we found 4 genes that are required for RQ-dependent metabolism and have different active sites. Finding these high confidence targets can open up in silico screens to identify species selective inhibitors of these enzymes as new anthelmintics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margot J. Lautens
- The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - June H. Tan
- The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xènia Serrat
- The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - Andrew G. Fraser
- The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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61
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McQueen CF, Groves JT. Toxicity of the iron siderophore mycobactin J in mouse macrophages: Evidence for a hypoxia response. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 227:111669. [PMID: 34864292 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis, is an obligate intracellular pathogen that lives within the phagosome of macrophages. Here we demonstrate that the siderophore mycobactin J, produced by the closely related intracellular pathogen Mycobacterium paratuberculosis, is toxic to murine macrophage cells. Its median lethal dose, 10 μM, is lower than that of the iron chelators desferrioxamine B and TrenCAM, an enterobactin analog. To determine the source of this toxicity, we conducted microarray, ELISA, and metabolite profiling experiments. The primary response is hypoxia-like, which implies iron starvation as the underlying cause of the toxicity. This observation is consistent with our recent finding that mycobactin J is a stronger iron chelator than had been inferred from previous studies. Mycobactin J is known to partition into cell membranes and hydrophobic organelles indicating that enhanced membrane penetration is also a likely factor. Thus, mycobactin J is shown to be toxic, eliciting a hypoxia-like response under physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John T Groves
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
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62
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Seo J, Yun J, Fukuda J, Chun YS. Tumor-intrinsic FABP5 is a novel driver for colon cancer cell growth via the HIF-1 signaling pathway. Cancer Genet 2021; 258-259:151-156. [PMID: 34775260 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2021.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Dysfunctional lipid metabolism is a known cause of cancer development and progression, yet little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms that contribute to cancer progression. In this study, we demonstrate that fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5) is elevated in colon cancer tissue and this increased expression is linked to upregulation of the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) signaling pathway. Under physiologically in vivo mimicked conditions via a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based three-dimensional (3D) culture chip, FABP5-knockdown colon cancer cells exhibited attenuated cell growth throughout the culture period. FABP5 was found to regulate HIF-1α protein levels and gene expression levels within the HIF-1α signaling pathway under hypoxic conditions. Our results provide evidence that supports the use of FABP5 as a prognostic factor in colon cancer. The FABP5/HIF-1α axis is a promising target for ameliorating fatty acid-triggered cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Seo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, South Korea; Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, South Korea; Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - JeongEun Yun
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, South Korea; Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, South Korea
| | - Junji Fukuda
- Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Yang-Sook Chun
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, South Korea; Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, South Korea; Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, South Korea.
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63
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Supervised learning based on tumor imaging and biopsy transcriptomics predicts response of hepatocellular carcinoma to transarterial chemoembolization. Cell Rep Med 2021; 2:100444. [PMID: 34841291 PMCID: PMC8606904 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Although transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the most widely used treatment for intermediate-stage, unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), it is only effective in a subset of patients. In this study, we combine clinical, radiological, and genomics data in supervised machine-learning models toward the development of a clinically applicable predictive classifier of response to TACE in HCC patients. Our study consists of a discovery cohort of 33 tumors through which we identify predictive biomarkers, which are confirmed in a validation cohort. We find that radiological assessment of tumor area and several transcriptomic signatures, primarily the expression of FAM111B and HPRT1, are most predictive of response to TACE. Logistic regression decision support models consisting of tumor area and RNA-seq gene expression estimates for FAM111B and HPRT1 yield a predictive accuracy of ∼90%. Reverse transcription droplet digital PCR (RT-ddPCR) confirms these genes in combination with tumor area as a predictive classifier for response to TACE. Tumor imaging and transcriptomics enables patient selection for good response to TACE PRETACE is a LR model based on tumor area and expression of FAM111B and HPRT1 PRETACE predicts response to TACE with ∼90% accuracy
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64
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Stewart AS, Schaaf CR, Luff JA, Freund JM, Becker TC, Tufts SR, Robertson JB, Gonzalez LM. HOPX + injury-resistant intestinal stem cells drive epithelial recovery after severe intestinal ischemia. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2021; 321:G588-G602. [PMID: 34549599 PMCID: PMC8616590 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00165.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal ischemia is a life-threatening emergency with mortality rates of 50%-80% due to epithelial cell death and resultant barrier loss. Loss of the epithelial barrier occurs in conditions including intestinal volvulus and neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis. Survival depends on effective epithelial repair; crypt-based intestinal epithelial stem cells (ISCs) are the source of epithelial renewal in homeostasis and after injury. Two ISC populations have been described: 1) active ISC [aISC; highly proliferative; leucine-rich-repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5+)-positive or sex-determining region Y-box 9 -antigen Ki67-positive (SOX9+Ki67+)] and 2) reserve ISC [rISC; less proliferative; homeodomain-only protein X positive (HOPX+)]. The contributions of these ISCs have been evaluated both in vivo and in vitro using a porcine model of mesenteric vascular occlusion to understand mechanisms that modulate ISC recovery responses following ischemic injury. In our previously published work, we observed that rISC conversion to an activated state was associated with decreased HOPX expression during in vitro recovery. In the present study, we wanted to evaluate the direct role of HOPX on cellular proliferation during recovery after injury. Our data demonstrated that during early in vivo recovery, injury-resistant HOPX+ cells maintain quiescence. Subsequent early regeneration within the intestinal crypt occurs around 2 days after injury, a period in which HOPX expression decreased. When HOPX was silenced in vitro, cellular proliferation of injured cells was promoted during recovery. This suggests that HOPX may serve a functional role in ISC-mediated regeneration after injury and could be a target to control ISC proliferation.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This paper supports that rISCs are resistant to ischemic injury and likely an important source of cellular renewal following near-complete epithelial loss. Furthermore, we have evidence that HOPX controls ISC activity state and may be a critical signaling pathway during ISC-mediated repair. Finally, we use multiple novel methods to evaluate ISCs in a translationally relevant large animal model of severe intestinal injury and provide evidence for the potential role of rISCs as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Stieler Stewart
- 1College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Cecilia Renee Schaaf
- 1College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Jennifer A. Luff
- 1College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - John M. Freund
- 1College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Thomas C. Becker
- 2Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Sara R. Tufts
- 1College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - James B. Robertson
- 1College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Liara M. Gonzalez
- 1College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
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65
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Le N, Hufford TM, Park JS, Brewster RM. Differential expression and hypoxia-mediated regulation of the N-myc downstream regulated gene family. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21961. [PMID: 34665878 PMCID: PMC8573611 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100443r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Many organisms rely on oxygen to generate cellular energy (adenosine triphosphate or ATP). During severe hypoxia, the production of ATP decreases, leading to cell damage or death. Conversely, excessive oxygen causes oxidative stress that is equally damaging to cells. To mitigate pathological outcomes, organisms have evolved mechanisms to adapt to fluctuations in oxygen levels. Zebrafish embryos are remarkably hypoxia-tolerant, surviving anoxia (zero oxygen) for hours in a hypometabolic, energy-conserving state. To begin to unravel underlying mechanisms, we analyze here the distribution of the N-myc Downstream Regulated Gene (ndrg) family, ndrg1-4, and their transcriptional response to hypoxia. These genes have been primarily studied in cancer cells and hence little is understood about their normal function and regulation. We show here using in situ hybridization that ndrgs are expressed in metabolically demanding organs of the zebrafish embryo, such as the brain, kidney, and heart. To investigate whether ndrgs are hypoxia-responsive, we exposed embryos to different durations and severity of hypoxia and analyzed transcript levels. We observed that ndrgs are differentially regulated by hypoxia and that ndrg1a has the most robust response, with a ninefold increase following prolonged anoxia. We further show that this treatment resulted in de novo expression of ndrg1a in tissues where the transcript is not observed under normoxic conditions and changes in Ndrg1a protein expression post-reoxygenation. These findings provide an entry point into understanding the role of this conserved gene family in the adaptation of normal cells to hypoxia and reoxygenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyet Le
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Maryland, Baltimore CountyBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Timothy M. Hufford
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Maryland, Baltimore CountyBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Jong S. Park
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Maryland, Baltimore CountyBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Rachel M. Brewster
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Maryland, Baltimore CountyBaltimoreMarylandUSA
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66
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Rodriguez D, Watts D, Gaete D, Sormendi S, Wielockx B. Hypoxia Pathway Proteins and Their Impact on the Blood Vasculature. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179191. [PMID: 34502102 PMCID: PMC8431527 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Every cell in the body requires oxygen for its functioning, in virtually every animal, and a tightly regulated system that balances oxygen supply and demand is therefore fundamental. The vascular network is one of the first systems to sense oxygen, and deprived oxygen (hypoxia) conditions automatically lead to a cascade of cellular signals that serve to circumvent the negative effects of hypoxia, such as angiogenesis associated with inflammation, tumor development, or vascular disorders. This vascular signaling is driven by central transcription factors, namely the hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs), which determine the expression of a growing number of genes in endothelial cells and pericytes. HIF functions are tightly regulated by oxygen sensors known as the HIF-prolyl hydroxylase domain proteins (PHDs), which are enzymes that hydroxylate HIFs for eventual proteasomal degradation. HIFs, as well as PHDs, represent attractive therapeutic targets under various pathological settings, including those involving vascular (dys)function. We focus on the characteristics and mechanisms by which vascular cells respond to hypoxia under a variety of conditions.
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67
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Kim MH, Green SD, Lin C, Konig H. Engineering Tools for Regulating Hypoxia in Tumour Models. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:7581-7592. [PMID: 34213838 PMCID: PMC8358887 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Major advances in the field of genomic technologies have led to an improvement in cancer diagnosis, classification and prognostication. However, many cancers remain incurable due to the development of drug resistance, minimal residual disease (MRD) and disease relapse, highlighting an incomplete understanding of the mechanisms underlying these processes. In recent years, the impact of non-genetic factors on neoplastic transformations has increasingly been acknowledged, and growing evidence suggests that low oxygen (O2 ) levels (ie hypoxia) in the tumour microenvironment play a critical role in the development and treatment of cancer. As a result, there is a growing need to develop research tools capable of reproducing physiologically relevant O2 conditions encountered by cancer cells in their natural environments in order to gain in-depth insight into tumour cell metabolism and function. In this review, the authors highlight the importance of hypoxia in the pathogenesis of malignant diseases and provide an overview of novel engineering tools that have the potential to further drive this evolving, yet technically challenging, field of cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hee Kim
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringIndiana University‐Purdue University IndianapolisIndianapolisINUS
| | - Steven D. Green
- Department of MedicineDivision of Hematology/OncologyIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUS
| | - Chien‐Chi Lin
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringIndiana University‐Purdue University IndianapolisIndianapolisINUS
- Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer CenterIndianapolisINUS
| | - Heiko Konig
- Department of MedicineDivision of Hematology/OncologyIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUS
- Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer CenterIndianapolisINUS
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68
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Lestón Pinilla L, Ugun-Klusek A, Rutella S, De Girolamo LA. Hypoxia Signaling in Parkinson's Disease: There Is Use in Asking "What HIF?". BIOLOGY 2021; 10:723. [PMID: 34439955 PMCID: PMC8389254 DOI: 10.3390/biology10080723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia is a condition characterized by insufficient tissue oxygenation, which results in impaired oxidative energy production. A reduction in cellular oxygen levels induces the stabilization of hypoxia inducible factor α (HIF-1α), master regulator of the molecular response to hypoxia, involved in maintaining cellular homeostasis and driving hypoxic adaptation through the control of gene expression. Due to its high energy requirement, the brain is particularly vulnerable to oxygen shortage. Thus, hypoxic injury can cause significant metabolic changes in neural cell populations, which are associated with neurodegeneration. Recent evidence suggests that regulating HIF-1α may ameliorate the cellular damage in neurodegenerative diseases. Indeed, the hypoxia/HIF-1α signaling pathway has been associated to several processes linked to Parkinson's disease (PD) including gene mutations, risk factors and molecular pathways such as mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and protein degradation impairment. This review will explore the impact of hypoxia and HIF-1α signaling on these specific molecular pathways that influence PD development and will evaluate different novel neuroprotective strategies involving HIF-1α stabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Lestón Pinilla
- Interdisciplinary Biomedical Research Centre, Centre for Health, Ageing and Understanding Disease, School of Science & Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK;
| | - Aslihan Ugun-Klusek
- Interdisciplinary Biomedical Research Centre, Centre for Health, Ageing and Understanding Disease, School of Science & Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK;
| | - Sergio Rutella
- John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, Centre for Health, Ageing and Understanding Disease, School of Science & Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK;
| | - Luigi A. De Girolamo
- Interdisciplinary Biomedical Research Centre, Centre for Health, Ageing and Understanding Disease, School of Science & Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK;
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69
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Integrating systemic and molecular levels to infer key drivers sustaining metabolic adaptations. PLoS Comput Biol 2021; 17:e1009234. [PMID: 34297714 PMCID: PMC8336858 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic adaptations to complex perturbations, like the response to pharmacological treatments in multifactorial diseases such as cancer, can be described through measurements of part of the fluxes and concentrations at the systemic level and individual transporter and enzyme activities at the molecular level. In the framework of Metabolic Control Analysis (MCA), ensembles of linear constraints can be built integrating these measurements at both systemic and molecular levels, which are expressed as relative differences or changes produced in the metabolic adaptation. Here, combining MCA with Linear Programming, an efficient computational strategy is developed to infer additional non-measured changes at the molecular level that are required to satisfy these constraints. An application of this strategy is illustrated by using a set of fluxes, concentrations, and differentially expressed genes that characterize the response to cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 inhibition in colon cancer cells. Decreases and increases in transporter and enzyme individual activities required to reprogram the measured changes in fluxes and concentrations are compared with down-regulated and up-regulated metabolic genes to unveil those that are key molecular drivers of the metabolic response. Deciphering the essential events in the reprogramming of metabolic networks subjected to complex perturbations, including the response to pharmacological treatments in multifactorial diseases like cancer, is crucial for the design of efficient therapies. Yet, tools to infer the molecular drivers sustaining such metabolic responses remain elusive for large metabolic networks. Here we develop an efficient computational strategy that integrates measured changes at systemic and molecular levels and combines metabolic control analysis with linear programming tools to infer key molecular drivers sustaining the metabolic adaptations to complex perturbations, such as an antitumoral drug therapy. The collective behavior is approximated using linear expressions where the adaptation of systemic concentrations and fluxes to a perturbation is described as a function of the molecular reprogramming of transport and enzyme activities. Starting from measured changes in fluxes and concentrations, we identify changes in the reprogramming of transporter and enzyme activities that are required to orchestrate the metabolic adaptation of colon cancer cells to a cell cycle inhibitor.
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70
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Lopez-Ramirez MA, Lai CC, Soliman SI, Hale P, Pham A, Estrada EJ, McCurdy S, Girard R, Verma R, Moore T, Lightle R, Hobson N, Shenkar R, Poulsen O, Haddad GG, Daneman R, Gongol B, Sun H, Lagarrigue F, Awad IA, Ginsberg MH. Astrocytes propel neurovascular dysfunction during cerebral cavernous malformation lesion formation. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:139570. [PMID: 34043589 PMCID: PMC8245174 DOI: 10.1172/jci139570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are common neurovascular lesions caused by loss-of-function mutations in 1 of 3 genes, including KRIT1 (CCM1), CCM2, and PDCD10 (CCM3), and generally regarded as an endothelial cell-autonomous disease. Here we reported that proliferative astrocytes played a critical role in CCM pathogenesis by serving as a major source of VEGF during CCM lesion formation. An increase in astrocyte VEGF synthesis is driven by endothelial nitric oxide (NO) generated as a consequence of KLF2- and KLF4-dependent elevation of eNOS in CCM endothelium. The increased brain endothelial production of NO stabilized HIF-1α in astrocytes, resulting in increased VEGF production and expression of a "hypoxic" program under normoxic conditions. We showed that the upregulation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), a direct HIF-1α target gene and a known component of the hypoxic program, contributed to the development of CCM lesions because the administration of a COX-2 inhibitor significantly prevented the progression of CCM lesions. Thus, non-cell-autonomous crosstalk between CCM endothelium and astrocytes propels vascular lesion development, and components of the hypoxic program represent potential therapeutic targets for CCMs.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/deficiency
- Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/genetics
- Astrocytes/pathology
- Astrocytes/physiology
- Cyclooxygenase 2/genetics
- Cyclooxygenase 2/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Disease Progression
- Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System/etiology
- Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System/pathology
- Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System/physiopathology
- Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells
- Humans
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/metabolism
- Kruppel-Like Factor 4
- Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/genetics
- Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Models, Neurological
- Mutation
- Nitric Oxide/biosynthesis
- Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/genetics
- Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/biosynthesis
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Romuald Girard
- Neurovascular Surgery Program, Department of Neurological Surgery, The University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Thomas Moore
- Neurovascular Surgery Program, Department of Neurological Surgery, The University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Rhonda Lightle
- Neurovascular Surgery Program, Department of Neurological Surgery, The University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Nicholas Hobson
- Neurovascular Surgery Program, Department of Neurological Surgery, The University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Robert Shenkar
- Neurovascular Surgery Program, Department of Neurological Surgery, The University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Gabriel G. Haddad
- Department of Pediatrics, and
- Department of Neuroscience, Division of Respiratory Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Rady Children’s Hospital, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Richard Daneman
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | | | | | | | - Issam A. Awad
- Neurovascular Surgery Program, Department of Neurological Surgery, The University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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71
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Zeng G, Wang T, Zhang J, Kang YJ, Feng L. FLI1 mediates the selective expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 target genes in endothelial cells under hypoxic conditions. FEBS Open Bio 2021. [PMID: 34102031 PMCID: PMC8329784 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The selective expression of hypoxia‐inducible factor (HIF) target genes in different physiological and pathological environments forms the basis for cellular adaptation to hypoxia in development and disease. Several E26 transformation‐specific (ETS) transcription factors have been shown to specifically regulate the expression of a subset of HIF‐2 target genes. However, it is unknown whether there are ETS factors that specifically regulate hypoxia‐induced HIF‐1 target genes. The present study was undertaken to explore whether friend leukemia integration 1 (FLI1), an ETS transcription factor, regulates the expression of HIF‐1 target genes. To investigate this possibility, EA.hy926 cells were exposed to 20% O2 (normoxia) or 1% O2 (hypoxia). Western blotting, immunofluorescence staining, and RT‐qPCR revealed that FLI1 mRNA and protein levels increased slightly and that the FLI1 protein co‐localized with HIF‐1α in the nucleus under hypoxic conditions. Further analysis showed that, in the absence of FLI1, the hypoxia‐mediated induction of HIF‐1 target genes was selectively inhibited. The results from immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assays indicated that FLI1 cooperates with HIF‐1α and is required for the transcriptional activation of a subset of HIF‐1 target genes with a core promoter region containing FBS in proximity to a functional hypoxia response element (HRE). Furthermore, ChIP analysis further confirmed the direct interaction between FLI1 and the promoter region of FLI1‐dependent HIF‐1 target genes under hypoxia. Together, this study demonstrates that FLI1 is involved in the transactivation of certain HIF‐1 target genes in endothelial cells under hypoxic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodan Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Ministry of Health, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingyao Zhang
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Y James Kang
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Memphis Institute of Regenerative Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Li Feng
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Ministry of Health, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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72
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David BT, Curtin JJ, Brown JL, Coutts DJC, Boles NC, Hill CE. Treatment with hypoxia-mimetics protects cultured rat Schwann cells against oxidative stress-induced cell death. Glia 2021; 69:2215-2234. [PMID: 34019306 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Schwann cell (SC) grafts promote axon regeneration in the injured spinal cord, but transplant efficacy is diminished by a high death rate in the first 2-3 days postimplantation. Both hypoxic preconditioning and pharmacological induction of the cellular hypoxic response can drive cellular adaptations and improve transplant survival in a number of disease/injury models. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α), a regulator of the cellular response to hypoxia, is implicated in preconditioning-associated protection. HIF-1α cellular levels are regulated by the HIF-prolyl hydroxylases (HIF-PHDs). Pharmacological inhibition of the HIF-PHDs mimics hypoxic preconditioning and provides a method to induce adaptive hypoxic responses without direct exposure to hypoxia. In this study, we show that hypoxia-mimetics, deferoxamine (DFO) and adaptaquin (AQ), enhance HIF-1α stability and HIF-1α target gene expression. Expression profiling of hypoxia-related genes demonstrates that HIF-dependent and HIF-independent expression changes occur. Analyses of transcription factor binding sites identify several candidate transcriptional co-regulators that vary in SCs along with HIF-1α. Using an in vitro model system, we show that hypoxia-mimetics are potent blockers of oxidative stress-induced death in SCs. In contrast, traditional hypoxic preconditioning was not protective. The robust protection induced by pharmacological preconditioning, particularly with DFO, indicates that pharmacological induction of hypoxic adaptations could be useful for promoting transplanted SC survival. These agents may also be more broadly useful for protecting SCs, as oxidative stress is a major pathway that drives cellular damage in the context of neurological injury and disease, including demyelinating diseases and peripheral neuropathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian T David
- Burke Neurological Institute, White Plains, New York, USA.,Weill Cornell Medicine, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jessica J Curtin
- Burke Neurological Institute, White Plains, New York, USA.,Weill Cornell Medicine, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jennifer L Brown
- Burke Neurological Institute, White Plains, New York, USA.,Weill Cornell Medicine, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - David J C Coutts
- Burke Neurological Institute, White Plains, New York, USA.,Weill Cornell Medicine, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Caitlin E Hill
- Burke Neurological Institute, White Plains, New York, USA.,Weill Cornell Medicine, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, New York, New York, USA.,Neural Stem Cell Institute, Rensselaer, New York, USA
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73
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Multi-Omic Meta-Analysis of Transcriptomes and the Bibliome Uncovers Novel Hypoxia-Inducible Genes. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9050582. [PMID: 34065451 PMCID: PMC8160971 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9050582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a condition in which cells, tissues, or organisms are deprived of sufficient oxygen supply. Aerobic organisms have a hypoxic response system, represented by hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α (HIF1A), to adapt to this condition. Due to publication bias, there has been little focus on genes other than well-known signature hypoxia-inducible genes. Therefore, in this study, we performed a meta-analysis to identify novel hypoxia-inducible genes. We searched publicly available transcriptome databases to obtain hypoxia-related experimental data, retrieved the metadata, and manually curated it. We selected the genes that are differentially expressed by hypoxic stimulation, and evaluated their relevance in hypoxia by performing enrichment analyses. Next, we performed a bibliometric analysis using gene2pubmed data to examine genes that have not been well studied in relation to hypoxia. Gene2pubmed data provides information about the relationship between genes and publications. We calculated and evaluated the number of reports and similarity coefficients of each gene to HIF1A, which is a representative gene in hypoxia studies. In this data-driven study, we report that several genes that were not known to be associated with hypoxia, including the G protein-coupled receptor 146 gene, are upregulated by hypoxic stimulation.
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74
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Kim JW, Jeon N, Shin DE, Lee SY, Kim M, Han DH, Shin JY, Lee S. Regeneration in Spinal Disease: Therapeutic Role of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 Alpha in Regeneration of Degenerative Intervertebral Disc. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105281. [PMID: 34067899 PMCID: PMC8155933 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The intervertebral disc (IVD) is a complex joint structure comprising three primary components—namely, nucleus pulposus (NP), annulus fibrosus (AF), and cartilaginous endplate (CEP). The IVD retrieves oxygen from the surrounding vertebral body through CEP by diffusion and likely generates ATP via anaerobic glycolysis. IVD degeneration is characterized by a cascade of cellular, compositional, structural changes. With advanced age, pronounced changes occur in the composition of the disc extracellular matrix (ECM). NP and AF cells in the IVD possess poor regenerative capacity compared with that of other tissues. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is a master transcription factor that initiates a coordinated cellular cascade in response to a low oxygen tension environment, including the regulation of numerous enzymes in response to hypoxia. HIF-1α is essential for NP development and homeostasis and is involved in various processes of IVD degeneration process, promotes ECM in NP, maintains the metabolic activities of NP, and regulates dystrophic mineralization of NP, as well as angiogenesis, autophagy, and apoptosis during IVD degeneration. HIF-1α may, therefore, represent a diagnostic tool for early IVD degeneration and a therapeutic target for inhibiting IVD degeneration
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Woo Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul 01830, Korea; (J.-W.K.); (N.J.); (M.K.)
| | - Neunghan Jeon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul 01830, Korea; (J.-W.K.); (N.J.); (M.K.)
| | - Dong-Eun Shin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13488, Korea; (D.-E.S.); (D.H.H.)
| | - So-Young Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam-si 13488, Korea;
| | - Myongwhan Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul 01830, Korea; (J.-W.K.); (N.J.); (M.K.)
| | - Dong Hun Han
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13488, Korea; (D.-E.S.); (D.H.H.)
| | - Jae Yeon Shin
- Department of Computer Science, College of IT Engineering, SeMyung University, Jechun 27136, Korea;
| | - Soonchul Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13488, Korea; (D.-E.S.); (D.H.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-780-5289; Fax: +82-31-708-3578
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75
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King R, Hayes C, Donohoe CL, Dunne MR, Davern M, Donlon NE. Hypoxia and its impact on the tumour microenvironment of gastroesophageal cancers. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 13:312-331. [PMID: 34040696 PMCID: PMC8131902 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v13.i5.312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The malfeasant role of the hypoxic tumour microenvironment (TME) in cancer progression was recognized decades ago but the exact mechanisms that augment the hallmarks of cancer and promote treatment resistance continue to be elucidated. Gastroesophageal cancers (GOCs) represent a major burden of worldwide disease, responsible for the deaths of over 1 million people annually. Disentangling the impact of hypoxia in GOCs enables a better overall understanding of the disease pathogenesis while shining a light on novel therapeutic strategies and facilitating precision treatment approaches with the ultimate goal of improving outcomes for patients with these diseases. This review discusses the underlying principles and processes of the hypoxic response and the effect of hypoxia in promoting the hallmarks of cancer in the context of GOCs. We focus on its bidirectional influence on inflammation and how it drives angiogenesis, innate and adaptive immune evasion, metastasis, and the reprogramming of cellular bioenergetics. The contribution of the hypoxic GOC TME to treatment resistance is examined and a brief overview of the pharmacodynamics of hypoxia-targeted therapeutics is given. The principal methods that are used in measuring hypoxia and how they may enhance prognostication or provide rationale for individually tailored management in the case of tumours with significant hypoxic regions are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross King
- Department of Surgery, St. James’s Hospital Campus, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Dublin D8, Ireland
| | - Conall Hayes
- Department of Surgery, St. James’s Hospital Campus, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Dublin D8, Ireland
| | - Claire L Donohoe
- Department of Surgery, St. James’s Hospital Campus, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Dublin D8, Ireland
| | - Margaret R Dunne
- Department of Surgery, St. James’s Hospital Campus, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Dublin D8, Ireland
| | - Maria Davern
- Department of Surgery, St. James’s Hospital Campus, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Dublin D8, Ireland
| | - Noel E Donlon
- Department of Surgery, St. James’s Hospital Campus, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Dublin D8, Ireland
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76
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Hypoxia favors chemoresistance in T-ALL through an HIF1α-mediated mTORC1 inhibition loop. Blood Adv 2021; 5:513-526. [PMID: 33496749 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020002832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to chemotherapy, a major therapeutic challenge in the treatment of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), can be driven by interactions between leukemic cells and the microenvironment that promote survival of leukemic cells. The bone marrow, an important leukemia niche, has low oxygen partial pressures that highly participate in the regulation of normal hematopoiesis. Here we show that hypoxia inhibits T-ALL cell growth by slowing down cell cycle progression, decreasing mitochondria activity, and increasing glycolysis, making them less sensitive to antileukemic drugs and preserving their ability to initiate leukemia after treatment. Activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) was diminished in hypoxic leukemic cells, and treatment of T-ALL with the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin in normoxia mimicked the hypoxia effects, namely decreased cell growth and increased quiescence and drug resistance. Knocking down (KD) hypoxia-induced factor 1α (HIF-1α), a key regulator of the cellular response to hypoxia, antagonized the effects observed in hypoxic T-ALL and restored chemosensitivity. HIF-1α KD also restored mTOR activation in low O2 concentrations, and inhibiting mTOR in HIF1α KD T-ALL protected leukemic cells from chemotherapy. Thus, hypoxic niches play a protective role of T-ALL during treatments. Inhibition of HIF-1α and activation of the mTORC1 pathway may help suppress the drug resistance of T-ALL in hypoxic niches.
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77
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Rehman Z, Jabeen I, Fahim A, Bhatti A, John P. Molecular docking and pharmacophore models to probe binding hypothesis of inhibitors of hypoxia inducible factor-1. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2021; 40:7714-7725. [PMID: 33896358 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1914167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia inducible factor-1 is a heterodimeric transcription factor that regulates cellular responses to hypoxia and is involved in tumor progression and resistance to chemotherapy. Dimerization between HIF-1α and β subunits has been recognized crucial for DNA binding and transcriptional activity of HIF-1. Therefore, inhibitors of α and β dimerization subunits of HIF-1 may potentially evade HIF-1-mediated chemotherapy resistance. In the current study, ligand-based pharmacophore model was developed to determine 3 D binding features of HIF-1 inhibitors. The selected pharmacophore model comprises of one hydrogen bond donor, one hydrogen bond acceptor and one hydrophobic feature. The selected model was used for virtual screening of publically available data base by ChemBridge Corporation. Overall, six potential hits against HIF-1α and β dimerization have been identified. These include, Hit 1 (4-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,6-dimethyl-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid), 3 (2-[2-(2-hydroxybenzoyl)carbonohydrazonoyl]benzoic acid) and 5 (3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2,4-quinolinedicarboxylic acid) nicotonic acid derivatives, Hit 2 (3-[(1-adamantylamino)sulfonyl]benzoic acid), 4 (5-{[(2-fluorophenyl)amino]sulfonyl}-2-methylbenzoic acid), and 6 (4-({[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]sulfonyl}amino)benzoic acid) sulfonamide derivatives. Additionally, adamantyl moiety of compound 2 shows interactions with the experimentally known hydrophobic amino acid residues (V336, C334, E245) of HIF-1α and β dimerization site. The identified hits showed lower to higher µM biological activity (IC50) values and thus, after further structure optimization may serve as potential inhibitor of HIF-1 dimerization in cancer chemotherapy.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaira Rehman
- Atta ur Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ishrat Jabeen
- Research Centre for Modeling and Simulation, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ammad Fahim
- Department of Multidisciplinary Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Attya Bhatti
- Atta ur Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Peter John
- Atta ur Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
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78
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Knyazev EN, Paul SY. Levels of miR-374 increase in BeWo b30 cells exposed to hypoxia. BULLETIN OF RUSSIAN STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2021. [DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2021.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In humans, trophoblast hypoxia during placental development can be a cause of serious pregnancy complications, such as preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction. The pathogenesis of these conditions is not fully clear and may be associated with changed expression of some genes and regulatory molecules, including miRNA, in trophoblast cells. The aim of this study was to analyze miRNA profiles and measure the expression of their target genes in a model of trophoblast hypoxia. Human choriocarcinoma BeWo b30 cells were used as a trophoblast model. Hypoxia was induced by cobalt chloride (CoCl2) and an oxyquinoline derivative. MRNA and miRNA expression profiles were evaluated by means of next generation sequencing (NGS); the expression of individual genes was analyzed by PCR. We studied the secondary structure of mRNAs of target genes for those miRNAs whose expression had changed significantly and analyzed potential competition between these miRNAs for the binding site. The observed changes in the expression of the key genes involved in the response to hypoxia confirmed the feasibility of using CoCl2 and the oxyquinoline derivative as hypoxia inducers. The analysis revealed an increase in miR-374 levels following the activation of the hypoxia pathway in our trophoblast model. The changes were accompanied by a reduction in FOXM1 mRNA expression; this mRNA is a target for hsa-miR-374a-5p and hsa-miR374b-5p, which can compete with hsa-miR-21-5p for the binding sites on FOXM1 mRNA. The involvement of FOXM1 in the regulation of the invasive cell potential suggests the role of miR-374 and FOXM1 in the pathogenesis of disrupted trophoblast invasion during placental development as predisposing for fetal growth restriction and preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- EN Knyazev
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
| | - SYu Paul
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
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79
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Ternet C, Kiel C. Signaling pathways in intestinal homeostasis and colorectal cancer: KRAS at centre stage. Cell Commun Signal 2021; 19:31. [PMID: 33691728 PMCID: PMC7945333 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-021-00712-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The intestinal epithelium acts as a physical barrier that separates the intestinal microbiota from the host and is critical for preserving intestinal homeostasis. The barrier is formed by tightly linked intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) (i.e. enterocytes, goblet cells, neuroendocrine cells, tuft cells, Paneth cells, and M cells), which constantly self-renew and shed. IECs also communicate with microbiota, coordinate innate and adaptive effector cell functions. In this review, we summarize the signaling pathways contributing to intestinal cell fates and homeostasis functions. We focus especially on intestinal stem cell proliferation, cell junction formation, remodelling, hypoxia, the impact of intestinal microbiota, the immune system, inflammation, and metabolism. Recognizing the critical role of KRAS mutants in colorectal cancer, we highlight the connections of KRAS signaling pathways in coordinating these functions. Furthermore, we review the impact of KRAS colorectal cancer mutants on pathway rewiring associated with disruption and dysfunction of the normal intestinal homeostasis. Given that KRAS is still considered undruggable and the development of treatments that directly target KRAS are unlikely, we discuss the suitability of targeting pathways downstream of KRAS as well as alterations of cell extrinsic/microenvironmental factors as possible targets for modulating signaling pathways in colorectal cancer. Video Abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Ternet
- School of Medicine, Systems Biology Ireland, and UCD Charles Institute of Dermatology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Christina Kiel
- School of Medicine, Systems Biology Ireland, and UCD Charles Institute of Dermatology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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80
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Clancy JW, Schmidtmann M, D'Souza-Schorey C. The ins and outs of microvesicles. FASEB Bioadv 2021; 3:399-406. [PMID: 34124595 PMCID: PMC8171306 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2020-00127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Microvesicles are a heterogeneous group of membrane-enclosed vesicles that are released from cells into the extracellular space by the outward budding and pinching of the plasma membrane. These vesicles are loaded with multiple selectively sorted proteins and nucleic acids. Although interest in the clinical potential of microvesicles is increasing, there is only limited understanding of different types of microvesicles and the mechanisms involved in their formation. Here, we describe what is presently known about this expanding and complex field of research focusing on the mechanism of biogenesis, cargo loading, and release of microvesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W Clancy
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN USA
| | - Madison Schmidtmann
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN USA
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81
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Andrysik Z, Bender H, Galbraith MD, Espinosa JM. Multi-omics analysis reveals contextual tumor suppressive and oncogenic gene modules within the acute hypoxic response. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1375. [PMID: 33654095 PMCID: PMC7925689 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21687-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular adaptation to hypoxia is a hallmark of cancer, but the relative contribution of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) versus other oxygen sensors to tumorigenesis is unclear. We employ a multi-omics pipeline including measurements of nascent RNA to characterize transcriptional changes upon acute hypoxia. We identify an immediate early transcriptional response that is strongly dependent on HIF1A and the kinase activity of its cofactor CDK8, includes indirect repression of MYC targets, and is highly conserved across cancer types. HIF1A drives this acute response via conserved high-occupancy enhancers. Genetic screen data indicates that, in normoxia, HIF1A displays strong cell-autonomous tumor suppressive effects through a gene module mediating mTOR inhibition. Conversely, in advanced malignancies, expression of a module of HIF1A targets involved in collagen remodeling is associated with poor prognosis across diverse cancer types. In this work, we provide a valuable resource for investigating context-dependent roles of HIF1A and its targets in cancer biology. The response to hypoxia can significantly impact oncogenic processes. Here, the authors define the early transcriptional response to acute hypoxia and identify HIF1A target genes as part of this acute response, providing a resource for investigating context-dependent roles of HIF1A in the biology of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdenek Andrysik
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.,Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Heather Bender
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.,Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Matthew D Galbraith
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA. .,Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - Joaquin M Espinosa
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA. .,Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA. .,Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
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82
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Li Y, Liu S, Pan D, Xu B, Xing X, Zhou H, Zhang B, Zhou S, Ning G, Feng S. The potential role and trend of HIF‑1α in intervertebral disc degeneration: Friend or foe? (Review). Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:239. [PMID: 33537810 PMCID: PMC7893690 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.11878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lower back pain (LBP) is one of the most common reasons for seeking medical advice in orthopedic clinics. Increasingly, research has shown that symptomatic intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is mostly related to LBP. This review first outlines the research and findings of studies into IDD, from the physiological structure of the intervertebral disc (IVD) to various pathological cascades. The vicious cycles of IDD are re-described in relation to the analysis of the relationship among the pathological mechanisms involved in IDD. Interestingly, a ‘chief molecule’ was found, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), that may regulate all other mechanisms involved in IDD. When the vicious cycle is established, the low oxygen tension activates the expression of HIF-1α, which subsequently enters into the hypoxia-induced HIF pathways. The HIF pathways are dichotomized as friend and foe pathways according to the oxygen tension of the IVD microenvironment. Combined with clinical outcomes and previous research, the trend of IDD development has been predicted in this paper. Lastly, an early precautionary diagnosis and treatment method is proposed whereby nucleus pulposus tissue for biopsy can be obtained through IVD puncture guided by B-ultrasound when the patient is showing symptoms but MRI imaging shows negative results. The assessment criteria for biopsy and the feasibility, superiority and challenges of this approach have been discussed. Overall, it is clear that HIF-1α is an indispensable reference indicator for the accurate diagnosis and treatment of IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjin Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Shen Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Dayu Pan
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Baoshan Xu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300000, P.R. China
| | - Xuewu Xing
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, First Central Clinical of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Hengxing Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Suzhe Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200034, P.R. China
| | - Guangzhi Ning
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Shiqing Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
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83
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Roles of HIF and 2-Oxoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenases in Controlling Gene Expression in Hypoxia. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13020350. [PMID: 33477877 PMCID: PMC7832865 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Hypoxia—reduction in oxygen availability—plays key roles in both physiological and pathological processes. Given the importance of oxygen for cell and organism viability, mechanisms to sense and respond to hypoxia are in place. A variety of enzymes utilise molecular oxygen, but of particular importance to oxygen sensing are the 2-oxoglutarate (2-OG) dependent dioxygenases (2-OGDs). Of these, Prolyl-hydroxylases have long been recognised to control the levels and function of Hypoxia Inducible Factor (HIF), a master transcriptional regulator in hypoxia, via their hydroxylase activity. However, recent studies are revealing that such dioxygenases are involved in almost all aspects of gene regulation, including chromatin organisation, transcription and translation. Abstract Hypoxia—reduction in oxygen availability—plays key roles in both physiological and pathological processes. Given the importance of oxygen for cell and organism viability, mechanisms to sense and respond to hypoxia are in place. A variety of enzymes utilise molecular oxygen, but of particular importance to oxygen sensing are the 2-oxoglutarate (2-OG) dependent dioxygenases (2-OGDs). Of these, Prolyl-hydroxylases have long been recognised to control the levels and function of Hypoxia Inducible Factor (HIF), a master transcriptional regulator in hypoxia, via their hydroxylase activity. However, recent studies are revealing that dioxygenases are involved in almost all aspects of gene regulation, including chromatin organisation, transcription and translation. We highlight the relevance of HIF and 2-OGDs in the control of gene expression in response to hypoxia and their relevance to human biology and health.
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84
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Quinting T, Heymann AK, Bicker A, Nauth T, Bernardini A, Hankeln T, Fandrey J, Schreiber T. Myoglobin Protects Breast Cancer Cells Due to Its ROS and NO Scavenging Properties. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:732190. [PMID: 34671319 PMCID: PMC8521001 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.732190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Myoglobin (MB) is an oxygen-binding protein usually found in cardiac myocytes and skeletal muscle fibers. It may function as a temporary storage and transport protein for O2 but could also have scavenging capacity for reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. In addition, MB has recently been identified as a hallmark in luminal breast cancer and was shown to be robustly induced under hypoxia. Cellular responses to hypoxia are regulated by the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF). For exploring the function of MB in breast cancer, we employed the human cell line MDA-MB-468. Cells were grown in monolayer or as 3D multicellular spheroids, which mimic the in vivo avascular tumor architecture and physiology with a heterogeneous cell population of proliferating cells in the rim and non-cycling or necrotic cells in the core region. This central necrosis was increased after MB knockdown, indicating a role for MB in hypoxic tumor regions. In addition, MB knockdown caused higher levels of HIF-1α protein after treatment with NO, which also plays an important role in cancer cell survival. MB knockdown also led to higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in the cells after treatment with H2O2. To further explore the role of MB in cell survival, we performed RNA-Seq after MB knockdown and NO treatment. 1029 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 45 potential HIF-1 target genes, were annotated in regulatory pathways that modulate cellular function and maintenance, cell death and survival, and carbohydrate metabolism. Of these target genes, TMEFF1, TREX2, GLUT-1, MKNK-1, and RAB8B were significantly altered. Consistently, a decreased expression of GLUT-1, MKNK-1, and RAB8B after MB knockdown was confirmed by qPCR. All three genes of interest are often up regulated in cancer and correlate with a poor clinical outcome. Thus, our data indicate that myoglobin might influence the survival of breast cancer cells, possibly due to its ROS and NO scavenging properties and could be a valuable target for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Quinting
- Institute of Physiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Anne Bicker
- Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Molecular Genetics and Genome Analysis, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Theresa Nauth
- Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Molecular Genetics and Genome Analysis, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Andre Bernardini
- Institute of Physiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas Hankeln
- Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Molecular Genetics and Genome Analysis, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Joachim Fandrey
- Institute of Physiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Joachim Fandrey,
| | - Timm Schreiber
- Institute of Physiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Institute of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Toxicology and Center for Biomedical Education and Research, University of Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
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85
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Alderdice R, Suggett DJ, Cárdenas A, Hughes DJ, Kühl M, Pernice M, Voolstra CR. Divergent expression of hypoxia response systems under deoxygenation in reef-forming corals aligns with bleaching susceptibility. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2021; 27:312-326. [PMID: 33197302 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Exposure of marine life to low oxygen is accelerating worldwide via climate change and localized pollution. Mass coral bleaching and mortality have recently occurred where reefs have experienced chronic low oxygen events. However, the mechanistic basis of tolerance to oxygen levels inadequate to sustain normal functioning (i.e. hypoxia) and whether it contributes to bleaching susceptibility, remain unknown. We therefore experimentally exposed colonies of the environmentally resilient Acropora tenuis, a common reef-building coral from the Great Barrier Reef, to deoxygenation-reoxygenation stress that was aligned to their natural night-day light cycle. Specifically, the treatment involved removing the 'night-time O2 buffer' to challenge the inherent hypoxia thresholds. RNA-Seq analysis revealed that coral possess a complete and active hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-mediated hypoxia response system (HRS) homologous to other metazoans. As expected, A. tenuis exhibited bleaching resistance and showed a strong inducibility of HIF target genes in response to deoxygenation stress. We applied this same approach in parallel to a colony of Acropora selago, known to be environmnetally susceptible, which conversely exhibited a bleaching phenotype response. This phenotypic divergence of A. selago was accompanied by contrasting gene expression profiles indicative of varied effectiveness of their HIF-HRS. Based on our RNA-Seq analysis, we propose (a) that the HIF-HRS is central for corals to manage deoxygenation stress and (b) that key genes of this system (and the wider gene network) may contribute to variation in coral bleaching susceptibility. Our analysis suggests that heat shock protein (hsp) 70 and 90 are important for low oxygen stress tolerance and further highlights how hsp90 expression might also affect the inducibility of coral HIF-HRS in overcoming a metabolic crisis under deoxygenation stress. We propose that differences in coral HIF-HRS could be central in regulating sensitivity to other climate change stressors-notably thermal stress-that commonly drive bleaching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Alderdice
- Climate Change Cluster, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - David J Suggett
- Climate Change Cluster, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Anny Cárdenas
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - David J Hughes
- Climate Change Cluster, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael Kühl
- Climate Change Cluster, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
- Marine Biology Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Helsingør, Denmark
| | - Mathieu Pernice
- Climate Change Cluster, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
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86
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Maltseva DV, Poloznikov AA, Artyushenko VG. Selective changes in expression of integrin α-subunits in the intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells under conditions of hypoxia and microcirculation. BULLETIN OF RUSSIAN STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2020. [DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2020.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal epithelial cells are constantly exposed to physiologically hypoxic environment. The further reduction of tissue oxygen delivery may result in the intestinal epithelial cells function impairment, being a sign of active inflammation. The cultivation conditions are important when performing in vitro studies, since those may affect the cells’ properties. The study was aimed to assess the integrin receptor expression in the human colon adenocarcinoma Caco-2 cell line when simulating both hypoxic condition using the cobalt chloride and microcirculation. Transcriptome analysis revealed the significantly increased expression of the integrin receptors ITGA2 and ITGA5 α2- and α5-subunit genes under hypoxic conditions, as well as the reduction of ITGA5 during incubation in the microfluidic chip. The expression of β-subunits did not change. Analysis of microRNA transcriptomes revealed the decreased expression of hsa-miR-766-3p and hsa-miR-23b-5p microRNA. One of the validated targets for both microRNAs is mRNA of gene ITGA5. It has been shown that microcirculation makes it possible to bring the intestinal epithelial cells cultivation conditions closer to physiological conditions. The possible biological significance of the detected integrin expression profile alterations and the role of microcirculation have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- DV Maltseva
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
| | - AA Poloznikov
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
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87
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Brewitz L, Nakashima Y, Schofield CJ. Synthesis of 2-oxoglutarate derivatives and their evaluation as cosubstrates and inhibitors of human aspartate/asparagine-β-hydroxylase. Chem Sci 2020; 12:1327-1342. [PMID: 34163896 PMCID: PMC8179049 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc04301j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
2-Oxoglutarate (2OG) is involved in biological processes including oxidations catalyzed by 2OG oxygenases for which it is a cosubstrate. Eukaryotic 2OG oxygenases have roles in collagen biosynthesis, lipid metabolism, DNA/RNA modification, transcriptional regulation, and the hypoxic response. Aspartate/asparagine-β-hydroxylase (AspH) is a human 2OG oxygenase catalyzing post-translational hydroxylation of Asp/Asn-residues in epidermal growth factor-like domains (EGFDs) in the endoplasmic reticulum. AspH is of chemical interest, because its Fe(ii) cofactor is complexed by two rather than the typical three residues. AspH is upregulated in hypoxia and is a prognostic marker on the surface of cancer cells. We describe studies on how derivatives of its natural 2OG cosubstrate modulate AspH activity. An efficient synthesis of C3- and/or C4-substituted 2OG derivatives, proceeding via cyanosulfur ylid intermediates, is reported. Mass spectrometry-based AspH assays with >30 2OG derivatives reveal that some efficiently inhibit AspH via competing with 2OG as evidenced by crystallographic and solution analyses. Other 2OG derivatives can substitute for 2OG enabling substrate hydroxylation. The results show that subtle changes, e.g. methyl- to ethyl-substitution, can significantly alter the balance between catalysis and inhibition. 3-Methyl-2OG, a natural product present in human nutrition, was the most efficient alternative cosubstrate identified; crystallographic analyses reveal the binding mode of (R)-3-methyl-2OG and other 2OG derivatives to AspH and inform on the balance between turnover and inhibition. The results will enable the use of 2OG derivatives as mechanistic probes for other 2OG utilizing enzymes and suggest 2-oxoacids other than 2OG may be employed by some 2OG oxygenases in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lennart Brewitz
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road OX1 3TA Oxford UK
| | - Yu Nakashima
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road OX1 3TA Oxford UK
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88
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Childebayeva A, Goodrich JM, Leon-Velarde F, Rivera-Chira M, Kiyamu M, Brutsaert TD, Dolinoy DC, Bigham AW. Genome-Wide Epigenetic Signatures of Adaptive Developmental Plasticity in the Andes. Genome Biol Evol 2020; 13:5981114. [PMID: 33185669 PMCID: PMC7859850 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evaa239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
High-altitude adaptation is a classic example of natural selection operating on the human genome. Physiological and genetic adaptations have been documented in populations with a history of living at high altitude. However, the role of epigenetic gene regulation, including DNA methylation, in high-altitude adaptation is not well understood. We performed an epigenome-wide DNA methylation association study based on whole blood from 113 Peruvian Quechua with differential lifetime exposures to high altitude (>2,500) and recruited based on a migrant study design. We identified two significant differentially methylated positions (DMPs) and 62 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) associated with high-altitude developmental and lifelong exposure statuses. DMPs and DMRs were found in genes associated with hypoxia-inducible factor pathway, red blood cell production, blood pressure, and others. DMPs and DMRs associated with fractional exhaled nitric oxide also were identified. We found a significant association between EPAS1 methylation and EPAS1 SNP genotypes, suggesting that local genetic variation influences patterns of methylation. Our findings demonstrate that DNA methylation is associated with early developmental and lifelong high-altitude exposures among Peruvian Quechua as well as altitude-adaptive phenotypes. Together these findings suggest that epigenetic mechanisms might be involved in adaptive developmental plasticity to high altitude. Moreover, we show that local genetic variation is associated with DNA methylation levels, suggesting that methylation associated SNPs could be a potential avenue for research on genetic adaptation to hypoxia in Andeans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainash Childebayeva
- Department of Anthropology, University of Michigan.,Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan.,Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Study of Human History, Jena, Germany
| | - Jaclyn M Goodrich
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan
| | - Fabiola Leon-Velarde
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Fisiológicas, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Maria Rivera-Chira
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Fisiológicas, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Melisa Kiyamu
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Fisiológicas, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Dana C Dolinoy
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan.,Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan
| | - Abigail W Bigham
- Department of Anthropology, University of California, Los Angeles
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89
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Yasukochi Y, Shin S, Wakabayashi H, Maeda T. Transcriptomic Changes in Young Japanese Males After Exposure to Acute Hypobaric Hypoxia. Front Genet 2020; 11:559074. [PMID: 33101380 PMCID: PMC7506118 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.559074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
After the genomic era, the development of high-throughput sequencing technologies has allowed us to advance our understanding of genetic variants responsible for adaptation to high altitude in humans. However, transcriptomic characteristics associated with phenotypic plasticity conferring tolerance to acute hypobaric hypoxic stress remain unclear. To elucidate the effects of hypobaric hypoxic stress on transcriptional variability, we aimed to describe transcriptomic profiles in response to acute hypobaric hypoxia in humans. In a hypobaric hypoxic chamber, young Japanese males were exposed to a barometric pressure of 493 mmHg (hypobaric hypoxia) for 75 min after resting for 30 min at the pressure of 760 mmHg (normobaric normoxia) at 28°C. Saliva samples of the subjects were collected before and after hypobaric hypoxia exposure, to be used for RNA sequencing. Differential gene expression analysis identified 30 significantly upregulated genes and some of these genes may be involved in biological processes influencing hematological or immunological responses to hypobaric hypoxic stress. We also confirmed the absence of any significant transcriptional fluctuations in the analysis of basal transcriptomic profiles under no-stimulus conditions, suggesting that the 30 genes were actually upregulated by hypobaric hypoxia exposure. In conclusion, our findings showed that the transcriptional profiles of Japanese individuals can be rapidly changed as a result of acute hypobaric hypoxia, and this change may influence the phenotypic plasticity of lowland individuals for acclimatization to a hypobaric hypoxic environment. Therefore, the results obtained in this study shed light on the transcriptional mechanisms underlying high-altitude acclimatization in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiki Yasukochi
- Department of Human Functional Genomics, Advanced Science Research Promotion Center, Organization for the Promotion of Regional Innovation, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
| | - Sora Shin
- Graduate School of Design, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Takafumi Maeda
- Department of Human Science, Faculty of Design, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Physiological Anthropology Research Center, Faculty of Design, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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90
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Brewitz L, Tumber A, Zhang X, Schofield CJ. Small-molecule active pharmaceutical ingredients of approved cancer therapeutics inhibit human aspartate/asparagine-β-hydroxylase. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115675. [PMID: 33069066 PMCID: PMC7588595 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Human aspartate/asparagine-β-hydroxylase (AspH) is a 2-oxoglutarate (2OG) dependent oxygenase that catalyses the hydroxylation of Asp/Asn-residues of epidermal growth factor-like domains (EGFDs). AspH is reported to be upregulated on the cell surface of invasive cancer cells in a manner distinguishing healthy from cancer cells. We report studies on the effect of small-molecule active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) of human cancer therapeutics on the catalytic activity of AspH using a high-throughput mass spectrometry (MS)-based inhibition assay. Human B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2)-protein inhibitors, including the (R)-enantiomer of the natural product gossypol, were observed to efficiently inhibit AspH, as does the antitumor antibiotic bleomycin A2. The results may help in the design of AspH inhibitors with the potential of increased selectivity compared to the previously identified Fe(II)-chelating or 2OG-competitive inhibitors. With regard to the clinical use of bleomycin A2 and of the Bcl-2 inhibitor venetoclax, the results suggest that possible side-effects mediated through the inhibition of AspH and other 2OG oxygenases should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lennart Brewitz
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, OX1 3TA Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony Tumber
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, OX1 3TA Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Xiaojin Zhang
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, OX1 3TA Oxford, United Kingdom; Laboratory of Drug Design and Discovery, Department of Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Christopher J Schofield
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, OX1 3TA Oxford, United Kingdom.
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91
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Todd VM, Johnson RW. Hypoxia in bone metastasis and osteolysis. Cancer Lett 2020; 489:144-154. [PMID: 32561416 PMCID: PMC7429356 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia is a common feature in tumors, driving pathways that promote epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, invasion, and metastasis. Clinically, high levels of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) expression and stabilization at the primary site in many cancer types is associated with poor patient outcomes. Experimental evidence suggests that HIF signaling in the primary tumor promotes their dissemination to the bone, as well as the release of factors such as LOX that act distantly on the bone to stimulate osteolysis and form a pre-metastatic niche. Additionally, the bone itself is a generally hypoxic organ, fueling the activation of HIF signaling in bone resident cells, promoting tumor cell homing to the bone as well as osteoclastogenesis. The hypoxic microenvironment of the bone also stimulates the vicious cycle of tumor-induced bone destruction, further fueling tumor cell growth and osteolysis. Furthermore, hypoxia appears to regulate key tumor dormancy factors. Thus, hypoxia acts both on the tumor cells as well as the metastatic site to promote tumor cell metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera M Todd
- Graduate Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Rachelle W Johnson
- Graduate Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
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92
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Li Y, Dewar A, Kim YS, Dey SK, Sun X. Pregnancy success in mice requires appropriate cannabinoid receptor signaling for primary decidua formation. eLife 2020; 9:61762. [PMID: 32990600 PMCID: PMC7550189 DOI: 10.7554/elife.61762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
With implantation, mouse stromal cells begin to transform into epithelial-like cells surrounding the implantation chamber forming an avascular zone called the primary decidual zone (PDZ). In the mouse, the PDZ forms a transient, size-dependent permeable barrier to protect the embryo from maternal circulating harmful agents. The process of decidualization is critical for pregnancy maintenance in mice and humans. Mice deficient in cannabinoid receptors, CB1 and CB2, show compromised PDZ with dysregulated angiogenic factors, resulting in the retention of blood vessels and macrophages. This phenotype is replicated in Cnr1-/- but not in Cnr2-/-mice. In vitro decidualization models suggest that Cnr1 levels substantially increase in mouse and human decidualizing stromal cells, and that neutralization of CB1 signaling suppresses decidualization and misregulates angiogenic factors. Taken together, we propose that implantation quality depends on appropriate angiogenic events driven by the integration of CB2 in endothelial cells and CB1 in decidual cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingju Li
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, United States
| | - Amanda Dewar
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, United States
| | - Yeon Sun Kim
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, United States
| | - Sudhansu K Dey
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, United States
| | - Xiaofei Sun
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, United States
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93
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Wang T, Kwon SH, Peng X, Urdy S, Lu Z, Schmitz RJ, Dalton S, Mostov KE, Zhao S. A Qualitative Change in the Transcriptome Occurs after the First Cell Cycle and Coincides with Lumen Establishment during MDCKII Cystogenesis. iScience 2020; 23:101629. [PMID: 33089114 PMCID: PMC7567049 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Madin-Darby canine kidney II (MDCKII) cells are widely used to study epithelial morphogenesis. To better understand this process, we performed time course RNA-seq analysis of MDCKII 3D cystogenesis, along with polarized 2D cells for comparison. Our study reveals a biphasic change in the transcriptome that occurs after the first cell cycle and coincides with lumen establishment. This change appears to be linked to translocation of β-catenin, supported by analyses with AVL9- and DENND5A-knockdown clones, and regulation by HNF1B, supported by ATAC-seq study. These findings indicate a qualitative change model for transcriptome remodeling during epithelial morphogenesis, leading to cell proliferation decrease and cell polarity establishment. Furthermore, our study reveals that active mitochondria are retained and chromatin accessibility decreases in 3D cysts but not in 2D polarized cells. This indicates that 3D culture is a better model than 2D culture for studying epithelial morphogenesis. The transcriptome switches after the first cell cycle and during MDCKII lumenogenesis The transcriptome switch is linked to β-catenin translocation and HNF1B activation Chromatin accessibility decreases during MDCKII cystogenesis Active mitochondria are maintained in 3D, but not 2D, epithelial morphogenesis
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianfang Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Sang-Ho Kwon
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-2140, USA.,Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, Medical College of Georgia, 1460 Laney Walker Boulevard, CB2820A, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Xiao Peng
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-2140, USA
| | - Severine Urdy
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-2140, USA
| | - Zefu Lu
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Robert J Schmitz
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Stephen Dalton
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Keith E Mostov
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-2140, USA
| | - Shaying Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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94
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Valipour E, Nooshabadi VT, Mahdipour S, Shabani S, Farhady-Tooli L, Majidian S, Noroozi Z, Mansouri K, Motevaseli E, Modarressi MH. Anti-angiogenic effects of testis-specific gene antigen 10 on primary endothelial cells. Gene 2020; 754:144856. [PMID: 32512160 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence indicates the antitumor and antiangiogenesis activities of testis-specific gene antigen 10 (TSGA10). However, the underlying mechanisms and precise role of TSGA10 in angiogenesis are still elusive. In this study, we isolated human umbilical cord vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and stably transfected with pcDNA3.1 carrying TSGA10 coding sequence. We demonstrated that TSGA10 over-expression significantly decreases HUVEC tubulogenesis and interconnected capillary network formation. HUVECs over-expressing TSGA10 exhibited a significant decrease in migration and proliferation rates. TSGA10 over-expression markedly decreased expression of angiogenesis-related genes, including VEGF-A, VEGFR-2, Ang-1, Ang-2, and Tie-2. Our ELISA results showed the decrease in VEGF-A mRNA expression level is associated with a significant decrease in its protein secretion. Additionally, over-expressing TSGA10 decreased expression levels of marker genes of cell migration (MMP-2, MMP-9, and SDF-1a) and proliferation (PCNA and Ki-67. Furthermore, ERK-1 and AKT phosphorylation significantly reduced in HUVECs over-expressing TSGA10. Our findings suggest a potent anti-angiogenesis activity of TSGA10 in HUVECs through down-regulation of ERK and AKT signalling pathways, and may provide therapeutic benefits for the management of different pathological angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Valipour
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vajihe Taghdiri Nooshabadi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Shadi Mahdipour
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sasan Shabani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Farhady-Tooli
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biology, College of Science, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sina Majidian
- School of Electrical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Noroozi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Technologies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamran Mansouri
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Elaheh Motevaseli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Technologies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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95
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Abstract
Oxygen is of fundamental importance for most living organisms, and the maintenance of oxygen homeostasis is a key physiological challenge for all large animals. Oxygen deprivation, hypoxia, is a critical component of many human diseases including cancer, heart disease, stroke, vascular disease, and anaemia. The discovery of oxygen sensing provides fundamental knowledge of a stunningly elegant molecular machinery; it also promises development of new therapeutics for serious diseases such as cancer. As a result of their impressive contributions to our understanding of the mechanisms by which cells sense oxygen and signal in hypoxia, Gregg Semenza, Peter Ratcliffe, and William Kaelin were awarded the Nobel Prize in 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Claesson-Welsh
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Beijer, and SciLifeLab Laboratories, Uppsala, Sweden
- CONTACT Lena Claesson-Welsh Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Beijer, and SciLifeLab Laboratories, Dag Hammarskjöldsv 20, 751 85Uppsala, Sweden
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96
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Komanetsky SM, Hedrick V, Sobreira T, Aryal UK, Kim SQ, Kim KH. Proteomic identification of aerobic glycolysis as a potential metabolic target for methylglyoxal in adipocytes. Nutr Res 2020; 80:66-77. [PMID: 32698053 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2020.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is often accompanied by metabolic changes in adipocytes that are closely associated with metabolic disease. Although high sugar consumption contributes to obesity, it may also directly affect adipocytes by increasing the rate of glycolysis and formation of the glycolytic by-product methylglyoxal (MG). MG is a reactive dicarbonyl that irreversibly damages proteins and other cellular components. Although the accumulation of MG is clinically associated with hyperglycemia and diabetic complications, a better understanding of how proteins are regulated by MG is needed to evaluate its role in the pathogenesis of metabolic disease. Because adipocytes rely heavily on glycolysis for glucose disposal, we hypothesized that prolonged MG treatment at nontoxic concentrations would impact the landscape of proteins involved in glucose metabolism. To test this hypothesis, we treated 3T3-L1 adipocytes with MG (100 μmol/L) and used comparative proteomics to assess the effects. We identified 25 differentially expressed proteins in adipocytes treated with MG compared to the control. Our results suggested that MG induced metabolic changes typically associated with aerobic glycolysis, including a lowered expression of proteins involved in oxidative metabolism and increased expression of the glycolytic enzymes L-lactate dehydrogenase and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. The detection of increased lactate secreted into the culture media of adipocytes treated with MG further supported these findings, as did gene expression analysis. In summary, these results indicate MG as a metabolic contributor to aerobic glycolysis in adipocytes, a potential adaptive response to increased glucose flux which over time could lead to permanent metabolic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan M Komanetsky
- Department of Nutrition, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Victoria Hedrick
- Purdue Proteomics Facility, Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Tiago Sobreira
- Purdue Proteomics Facility, Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Uma K Aryal
- Purdue Proteomics Facility, Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Sora Q Kim
- Department of Nutrition, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Kee-Hong Kim
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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97
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Deng M, Zhang W, Yuan L, Tan J, Chen Z. HIF-1a regulates hypoxia-induced autophagy via translocation of ANKRD37 in colon cancer. Exp Cell Res 2020; 395:112175. [PMID: 32679233 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a basic catabolic response that eukaryotic cells use to degrade unnecessary or dysfunctional cellular components in an orderly and regulated manner. It plays important roles in maintaining cellular homeostasis, energy homeostasis, response to environmental stimuli, and the development of cancer. In solid tumors, hypoxia induces an increased HIF-1a that activates autophagy. However, the exact mechanism by which induced HIF-1a stimulates autophagy in cancer cells remains elusive. In the present study, we confirmed that ANKRD37 is upregulated in colon cancer tissue. Moreover, the higher expression level of ANKRD37 is related to a poorer survival rate. Using RNA interference, immunoblot, and immunofluorescence, we discovered that in cancer cell line RKO, hypoxia-induced HIF-1a regulates autophagy activity by increasing ANKRD37 level. In addition, intranuclear ANKRD37 played an important role in the regulation of hypoxia-induced autophagy. The translocation of ANKRD37 into cell nuclear is required for promoting cell growth and HIF-1a induced autophagy. These findings provide new insights to understand the hypoxia regulation mechanisms and the role of autophagy in cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minzi Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Weizhi Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of CentralSouth University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lingling Yuan
- Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, 442000, China
| | - Jieqiong Tan
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhihong Chen
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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98
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Doigneaux C, Pedley AM, Mistry IN, Papayova M, Benkovic SJ, Tavassoli A. Hypoxia drives the assembly of the multienzyme purinosome complex. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:9551-9566. [PMID: 32439803 PMCID: PMC7363121 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.012175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The purinosome is a dynamic metabolic complex composed of enzymes responsible for de novo purine biosynthesis, whose formation has been associated with elevated purine demand. However, the physiological conditions that govern purinosome formation in cells remain unknown. Here, we report that purinosome formation is up-regulated in cells in response to a low-oxygen microenvironment (hypoxia). We demonstrate that increased purinosome assembly in hypoxic human cells requires the activation of hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) and not HIF-2. Hypoxia-driven purinosome assembly was inhibited in cells lacking 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase/IMP cyclohydrolase (ATIC), a single enzyme in de novo purine biosynthesis, and in cells treated with a small molecule inhibitor of ATIC homodimerization. However, despite the increase in purinosome assembly in hypoxia, we observed no associated increase in de novo purine biosynthesis in cells. Our results indicate that this was likely due to a reduction in mitochondrial one-carbon metabolism, resulting in reduced mitochondrion-derived one-carbon units needed for de novo purine biosynthesis. The findings of our study further clarify and deepen our understanding of purinosome formation by revealing that this process does not solely depend on cellular purine demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyrielle Doigneaux
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony M Pedley
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ishna N Mistry
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Monika Papayova
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen J Benkovic
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ali Tavassoli
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
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99
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Clarkson-Townsend DA, Kennedy E, Everson TM, Deyssenroth MA, Burt AA, Hao K, Chen J, Pardue MT, Marsit CJ. Seasonally variant gene expression in full-term human placenta. FASEB J 2020; 34:10431-10442. [PMID: 32574425 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000291r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Seasonal exposures influence human health and development. The placenta, as a mediator of the maternal and fetal systems and a regulator of development, is an ideal tissue to understand the biological pathways underlying relationships between season of birth and later life health outcomes. Here, we conducted a differential expression (DE) analysis of season of birth in full-term human placental tissue to evaluate whether the placenta may be influenced by seasonal cues. Of the analyzed transcripts, 583 displayed DE between summer and winter births (False Discovery Rate [FDR] q < .05); among these, BHLHE40, MIR210HG, and HILPDA had increased expression among winter births (Bonferroni P < .05). Enrichment analyses of the seasonally variant genes between summer and winter births indicated overrepresentation of transcription factors HIF1A, VDR, and CLOCK, among others, and of GO term pathways related to ribosomal activity and infection. Additionally, a cosinor analysis found rhythmic expression for approximately 11.9% of all 17 664 analyzed placental transcripts. These results suggest that the placenta responds to seasonal cues and add to the growing body of evidence that the placenta acts as a peripheral clock, which may provide a molecular explanation for the extensive associations between season of birth and health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle A Clarkson-Townsend
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Kennedy
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Todd M Everson
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Maya A Deyssenroth
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amber A Burt
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ke Hao
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Machelle T Pardue
- Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Atlanta VA Healthcare System, Decatur, GA, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Carmen J Marsit
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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100
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Brewitz L, Tumber A, Schofield CJ. Kinetic parameters of human aspartate/asparagine-β-hydroxylase suggest that it has a possible function in oxygen sensing. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:7826-7838. [PMID: 32107312 PMCID: PMC7278358 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.012202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Human aspartate/asparagine-β-hydroxylase (AspH) is a 2-oxoglutarate (2OG)-dependent oxygenase that catalyzes the post-translational hydroxylation of Asp and Asn residues in epidermal growth factor-like domains (EGFDs). Despite its biomedical significance, studies on AspH have long been limited by a lack of assays for its isolated form. Recent structural work has revealed that AspH accepts substrates with a noncanonical EGFD disulfide connectivity (i.e. the Cys 1-2, 3-4, 5-6 disulfide pattern). We developed stable cyclic thioether analogues of the noncanonical EGFD AspH substrates to avoid disulfide shuffling. We monitored their hydroxylation by solid-phase extraction coupled to MS. The extent of recombinant AspH-catalyzed cyclic peptide hydroxylation appears to reflect levels of EGFD hydroxylation observed in vivo, which vary considerably. We applied the assay to determine the kinetic parameters of human AspH with respect to 2OG, Fe(II), l-ascorbic acid, and substrate and found that these parameters are in the typical ranges for 2OG oxygenases. Of note, a relatively high Km for O2 suggested that O2 availability may regulate AspH activity in a biologically relevant manner. We anticipate that the assay will enable the development of selective small-molecule inhibitors for AspH and other human 2OG oxygenases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lennart Brewitz
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, OX1 3TA Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony Tumber
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, OX1 3TA Oxford, United Kingdom
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