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Zhang L, Zhang L, Xia C, Zhao G, Jia J, Kong X. The Novel Wheat Transcription Factor TaNAC47 Enhances Multiple Abiotic Stress Tolerances in Transgenic Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:1174. [PMID: 26834757 PMCID: PMC4716647 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.01174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
NAC transcription factors play diverse roles in plant development and responses to abiotic stresses. However, the biological roles of NAC family members in wheat are not well understood. Here, we reported the isolation and functional characterization of a novel wheat TaNAC47 gene. TaNAC47 encoded protein, localizing in the nucleus, is able to bind to the ABRE cis-element and transactivate transcription in yeast, suggesting that it likely functions as a transcriptional activator. We also showed that TaNAC47 is differentially expressed in different tissues, and its expression was induced by the stress treatments of salt, cold, polyethylene glycol and exogenous abscisic acid. Furthermore, overexpression of TaNAC47 in Arabidopsis resulted in ABA hypersensitivity and enhancing tolerance of transgenic plants to drought, salt, and freezing stresses. Strikingly, overexpression of TaNAC47 was found to activate the expression of downstream genes and change several physiological indices that may enable transgenic plants to overcome unfavorable environments. Taken together, these results uncovered an important role of wheat TaNAC47 gene in response to ABA and abiotic stresses.
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Bennett T, van den Toorn A, Willemsen V, Scheres B. Precise control of plant stem cell activity through parallel regulatory inputs. Development 2014; 141:4055-64. [PMID: 25256342 DOI: 10.1242/dev.110148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The regulation of columella stem cell activity in the Arabidopsis root cap by a nearby organizing centre, the quiescent centre, has been a key example of the stem cell niche paradigm in plants. Here, we investigate interactions between transcription factors that have been shown to regulate columella stem cells using a simple quantification method for stem cell activity in the root cap. Genetic and expression analyses reveal that the RETINOBLASTOMA-RELATED protein, the FEZ and SOMBRERO NAC-domain transcription factors, the ARF10 and ARF16 auxin response factors and the quiescent centre-expressed WOX5 homeodomain protein each provide independent inputs to regulate the number of columella stem cells. Given the tight control of columella development, we found that these inputs act in a surprisingly parallel manner. Nevertheless, important points of interaction exist; for example, we demonstrate the repression of SMB activity by non-autonomous action of WOX5. Our results suggest that the developmental progression of columella stem cells may be quantitatively regulated by several more broadly acting transcription factors rather than by a single intrinsic stem cell factor, which raises questions about the special nature of the stem cell state in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Bennett
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Utrecht, Padualaan 8, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands
| | - Albert van den Toorn
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Utrecht, Padualaan 8, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands Plant Developmental Biology, Wageningen University Research, Wageningen 6708 PB, The Netherlands
| | - Viola Willemsen
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Utrecht, Padualaan 8, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands Plant Developmental Biology, Wageningen University Research, Wageningen 6708 PB, The Netherlands
| | - Ben Scheres
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Utrecht, Padualaan 8, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands Plant Developmental Biology, Wageningen University Research, Wageningen 6708 PB, The Netherlands
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Liu B, Ouyang Z, Zhang Y, Li X, Hong Y, Huang L, Liu S, Zhang H, Li D, Song F. Tomato NAC transcription factor SlSRN1 positively regulates defense response against biotic stress but negatively regulates abiotic stress response. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102067. [PMID: 25010573 PMCID: PMC4092073 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Biotic and abiotic stresses are major unfavorable factors that affect crop productivity worldwide. NAC proteins comprise a large family of transcription factors that play important roles in plant growth and development as well as in responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. In a virus-induced gene silencing-based screening to identify genes that are involved in defense response against Botrytis cinerea, we identified a tomato NAC gene SlSRN1 (Solanum lycopersicumStress-related NAC1). SlSRN1 is a plasma membrane-localized protein with transactivation activity in yeast. Expression of SlSRN1 was significantly induced by infection with B. cinerea or Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) DC3000, leading to 6–8 folds higher than that in the mock-inoculated plants. Expression of SlSRN1 was also induced by salicylic acid, jasmonic acid and 1-amino cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid and by drought stress. Silencing of SlSRN1 resulted in increased severity of diseases caused by B. cinerea and Pst DC3000. However, silencing of SlSRN1 resulted in increased tolerance against oxidative and drought stresses. Furthermore, silencing of SlSRN1 accelerated accumulation of reactive oxygen species but attenuated expression of defense genes after infection by B. cinerea. Our results demonstrate that SlSRN1 is a positive regulator of defense response against B. cinerea and Pst DC3000 but is a negative regulator for oxidative and drought stress response in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhigang Ouyang
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yafen Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongbo Hong
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Huang
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shixia Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huijuan Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dayong Li
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fengming Song
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- * E-mail:
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Sewelam N, Jaspert N, Van Der Kelen K, Tognetti VB, Schmitz J, Frerigmann H, Stahl E, Zeier J, Van Breusegem F, Maurino VG. Spatial H2O2 signaling specificity: H2O2 from chloroplasts and peroxisomes modulates the plant transcriptome differentially. MOLECULAR PLANT 2014; 7:1191-210. [PMID: 24908268 DOI: 10.1093/mp/ssu070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) operates as a signaling molecule in eukaryotes, but the specificity of its signaling capacities remains largely unrevealed. Here, we analyzed whether a moderate production of H2O2 from two different plant cellular compartments has divergent effects on the plant transcriptome. Arabidopsis thaliana overexpressing glycolate oxidase in the chloroplast (Fahnenstich et al., 2008; Balazadeh et al., 2012) and plants deficient in peroxisomal catalase (Queval et al., 2007; Inzé et al., 2012) were grown under non-photorespiratory conditions and then transferred to photorespiratory conditions to foster the production of H2O2 in both organelles. We show that H2O2 originating in a specific organelle induces two types of responses: one that integrates signals independently from the subcellular site of H2O2 production and another that is dependent on the H2O2 production site. H2O2 produced in peroxisomes induces transcripts involved in protein repair responses, while H2O2 produced in chloroplasts induces early signaling responses, including transcription factors and biosynthetic genes involved in production of secondary signaling messengers. There is a significant bias towards the induction of genes involved in responses to wounding and pathogen attack by chloroplastic-produced H2O2, including indolic glucosinolates-, camalexin-, and stigmasterol-biosynthetic genes. These transcriptional responses were accompanied by the accumulation of 4-methoxy-indol-3-ylmethyl glucosinolate and stigmasterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasser Sewelam
- Institut of Developmental and Molecular Biology of Plants, Plant Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology Group, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, 31527, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Nils Jaspert
- Institut of Developmental and Molecular Biology of Plants, Plant Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology Group, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Katrien Van Der Kelen
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, and Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, B-9052, Gent, Belgium
| | - Vanesa B Tognetti
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, and Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, B-9052, Gent, Belgium Present address: Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, CEITEC-Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jessica Schmitz
- Institut of Developmental and Molecular Biology of Plants, Plant Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology Group, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Henning Frerigmann
- Botanical Institute, Cologne Biocenter, University of Cologne, 50674 Cologne, Germany Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), 40225 Düsseldorf and 50674 Cologne, Germany
| | - Elia Stahl
- Molecular Ecophysiology of Plants, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jürgen Zeier
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), 40225 Düsseldorf and 50674 Cologne, Germany Molecular Ecophysiology of Plants, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Frank Van Breusegem
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, and Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, B-9052, Gent, Belgium
| | - Veronica G Maurino
- Institut of Developmental and Molecular Biology of Plants, Plant Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology Group, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), 40225 Düsseldorf and 50674 Cologne, Germany
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Böttcher C, Chapman A, Fellermeier F, Choudhary M, Scheel D, Glawischnig E. The Biosynthetic Pathway of Indole-3-Carbaldehyde and Indole-3-Carboxylic Acid Derivatives in Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2014; 165:841-853. [PMID: 24728709 PMCID: PMC4044862 DOI: 10.1104/pp.114.235630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Indolic secondary metabolites play an important role in pathogen defense in cruciferous plants. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), in addition to the characteristic phytoalexin camalexin, derivatives of indole-3-carbaldehyde (ICHO) and indole-3-carboxylic acid (ICOOH) are synthesized from tryptophan via the intermediates indole-3-acetaldoxime and indole-3-acetonitrile. Based on feeding experiments combined with nontargeted metabolite profiling, their composition in nontreated and silver nitrate (AgNO3)-treated leaf tissue was comprehensively analyzed. As major derivatives, glucose conjugates of 5-hydroxyindole-3-carbaldehyde, ICOOH, and 6-hydroxyindole-3-carboxylic acid were identified. Quantification of ICHO and ICOOH derivative pools after glucosidase treatment revealed that, in response to AgNO3 treatment, their total accumulation level was similar to that of camalexin. ARABIDOPSIS ALDEHYDE OXIDASE1 (AAO1), initially discussed to be involved in the biosynthesis of indole-3-acetic acid, and Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 71B6 were found to be transcriptionally coexpressed with camalexin biosynthetic genes. CYP71B6 was expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and shown to efficiently convert indole-3-acetonitrile into ICHO and ICOOH, thereby releasing cyanide. To evaluate the role of both enzymes in the biosynthesis of ICHO and ICOOH derivatives, knockout and overexpression lines for CYP71B6 and AAO1 were established and analyzed for indolic metabolites. The observed metabolic phenotypes suggest that AAO1 functions in the oxidation of ICHO to ICOOH in both nontreated and AgNO3-treated leaves, whereas CYP71B6 is relevant for ICOOH derivative biosynthesis specifically after induction. In summary, a model for the biosynthesis of ICHO and ICOOH derivatives is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Böttcher
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Department of Stress and Developmental Biology, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany (C.B., D.S.); andLehrstuhl für Genetik, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Germany (A.C., F.F., M.C., E.G.)
| | - Alexandra Chapman
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Department of Stress and Developmental Biology, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany (C.B., D.S.); andLehrstuhl für Genetik, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Germany (A.C., F.F., M.C., E.G.)
| | - Franziska Fellermeier
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Department of Stress and Developmental Biology, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany (C.B., D.S.); andLehrstuhl für Genetik, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Germany (A.C., F.F., M.C., E.G.)
| | - Manisha Choudhary
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Department of Stress and Developmental Biology, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany (C.B., D.S.); andLehrstuhl für Genetik, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Germany (A.C., F.F., M.C., E.G.)
| | - Dierk Scheel
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Department of Stress and Developmental Biology, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany (C.B., D.S.); andLehrstuhl für Genetik, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Germany (A.C., F.F., M.C., E.G.)
| | - Erich Glawischnig
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Department of Stress and Developmental Biology, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany (C.B., D.S.); andLehrstuhl für Genetik, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Germany (A.C., F.F., M.C., E.G.)
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Cenci A, Guignon V, Roux N, Rouard M. Genomic analysis of NAC transcription factors in banana (Musa acuminata) and definition of NAC orthologous groups for monocots and dicots. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2014; 85:63-80. [PMID: 24570169 PMCID: PMC4151281 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-013-0169-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Identifying the molecular mechanisms underlying tolerance to abiotic stresses is important in crop breeding. A comprehensive understanding of the gene families associated with drought tolerance is therefore highly relevant. NAC transcription factors form a large plant-specific gene family involved in the regulation of tissue development and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. The main goal of this study was to set up a framework of orthologous groups determined by an expert sequence comparison of NAC genes from both monocots and dicots. In order to clarify the orthologous relationships among NAC genes of different species, we performed an in-depth comparative study of four divergent taxa, in dicots and monocots, whose genomes have already been completely sequenced: Arabidopsis thaliana, Vitis vinifera, Musa acuminata and Oryza sativa. Due to independent evolution, NAC copy number is highly variable in these plant genomes. Based on an expert NAC sequence comparison, we propose forty orthologous groups of NAC sequences that were probably derived from an ancestor gene present in the most recent common ancestor of dicots and monocots. These orthologous groups provide a curated resource for large-scale protein sequence annotation of NAC transcription factors. The established orthology relationships also provide a useful reference for NAC function studies in newly sequenced genomes such as M. acuminata and other plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albero Cenci
- Bioversity International, Commodity Systems and Genetic Resources Programme, Parc Scientifique Agropolis II, 1990 Boulevard de la Lironde, 34397, Montpellier Cedex 5, France,
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57
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Plancot B, Santaella C, Jaber R, Kiefer-Meyer MC, Follet-Gueye ML, Leprince J, Gattin I, Souc C, Driouich A, Vicré-Gibouin M. Deciphering the responses of root border-like cells of Arabidopsis and flax to pathogen-derived elicitors. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2013; 163:1584-97. [PMID: 24130195 PMCID: PMC3850203 DOI: 10.1104/pp.113.222356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Plant pathogens including fungi and bacteria cause many of the most serious crop diseases. The plant innate immune response is triggered upon recognition of microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) such as flagellin22 and peptidoglycan. To date, very little is known of MAMP-mediated responses in roots. Root border cells are cells that originate from root caps and are released individually into the rhizosphere. Root tips of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and flax (Linum usitatissimum) release cells known as "border-like cells." Whereas root border cells of pea (Pisum sativum) are clearly involved in defense against fungal pathogens, the function of border-like cells remains to be established. In this study, we have investigated the responses of root border-like cells of Arabidopsis and flax to flagellin22 and peptidoglycan. We found that both MAMPs triggered a rapid oxidative burst in root border-like cells of both species. The production of reactive oxygen species was accompanied by modifications in the cell wall distribution of extensin epitopes. Extensins are hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins that can be cross linked by hydrogen peroxide to enhance the mechanical strength of the cell wall. In addition, both MAMPs also caused deposition of callose, a well-known marker of MAMP-elicited defense. Furthermore, flagellin22 induced the overexpression of genes involved in the plant immune response in root border-like cells of Arabidopsis. Our findings demonstrate that root border-like cells of flax and Arabidopsis are able to perceive an elicitation and activate defense responses. We also show that cell wall extensin is involved in the innate immunity response of root border-like cells.
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Patra B, Schluttenhofer C, Wu Y, Pattanaik S, Yuan L. Transcriptional regulation of secondary metabolite biosynthesis in plants. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2013; 1829:1236-47. [PMID: 24113224 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2013.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Revised: 08/31/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Plants produce thousands of secondary metabolites (a.k.a. specialized metabolites) of diverse chemical nature. These compounds play important roles in protecting plants under adverse conditions. Many secondary metabolites are valued for their pharmaceutical properties. Because of their beneficial effects to health, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites has been a prime focus of research. Many transcription factors have been characterized for their roles in regulating biosynthetic pathways at the transcriptional level. The emerging picture of transcriptional regulation of secondary metabolite biosynthesis suggests that the expression of activators and repressors, in response to phytohormones and different environmental signals, forms a dynamic regulatory network that fine-tune the timing, amplitude and tissue specific expression of pathway genes and the subsequent accumulation of these compounds. Recent research has revealed that some metabolic pathways are also controlled by posttranscriptional and posttranslational mechanisms. This review will use recent developments in the biosynthesis of flavonoids, alkaloids and terpenoids to highlight the complexity of transcriptional regulation of secondary metabolite biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barunava Patra
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
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59
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Nuruzzaman M, Sharoni AM, Kikuchi S. Roles of NAC transcription factors in the regulation of biotic and abiotic stress responses in plants. Front Microbiol 2013; 4:248. [PMID: 24058359 PMCID: PMC3759801 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2013.00248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 435] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
NAC transcription factors are one of the largest families of transcriptional regulators in plants, and members of the NAC gene family have been suggested to play important roles in the regulation of the transcriptional reprogramming associated with plant stress responses. A phylogenetic analysis of NAC genes, with a focus on rice and Arabidopsis, was performed. Herein, we present an overview of the regulation of the stress responsive NAC SNAC/(IX) group of genes that are implicated in the resistance to different stresses. SNAC factors have important roles for the control of biotic and abiotic stresses tolerance and that their overexpression can improve stress tolerance via biotechnological approaches. We also review the recent progress in elucidating the roles of NAC transcription factors in plant biotic and abiotic stresses. Modification of the expression pattern of transcription factor genes and/or changes in their activity contribute to the elaboration of various signaling pathways and regulatory networks. However, a single NAC gene often responds to several stress factors, and their protein products may participate in the regulation of several seemingly disparate processes as negative or positive regulators. Additionally, the NAC proteins function via auto-regulation or cross-regulation is extensively found among NAC genes. These observations assist in the understanding of the complex mechanisms of signaling and transcriptional reprogramming controlled by NAC proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Nuruzzaman
- Plant Genome Research Unit, Division of Genome and Biodiversity Research, Agrogenomics Research Center, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences Tsukuba, Japan ; Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Institute for Environmental Science and Technology, Saitama University Saitama, Japan
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Wasternack C, Hause B. Jasmonates: biosynthesis, perception, signal transduction and action in plant stress response, growth and development. An update to the 2007 review in Annals of Botany. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2013; 111:1021-58. [PMID: 23558912 PMCID: PMC3662512 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mct067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1416] [Impact Index Per Article: 128.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Jasmonates are important regulators in plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses as well as in development. Synthesized from lipid-constituents, the initially formed jasmonic acid is converted to different metabolites including the conjugate with isoleucine. Important new components of jasmonate signalling including its receptor were identified, providing deeper insight into the role of jasmonate signalling pathways in stress responses and development. SCOPE The present review is an update of the review on jasmonates published in this journal in 2007. New data of the last five years are described with emphasis on metabolites of jasmonates, on jasmonate perception and signalling, on cross-talk to other plant hormones and on jasmonate signalling in response to herbivores and pathogens, in symbiotic interactions, in flower development, in root growth and in light perception. CONCLUSIONS The last few years have seen breakthroughs in the identification of JASMONATE ZIM DOMAIN (JAZ) proteins and their interactors such as transcription factors and co-repressors, and the crystallization of the jasmonate receptor as well as of the enzyme conjugating jasmonate to amino acids. Now, the complex nature of networks of jasmonate signalling in stress responses and development including hormone cross-talk can be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Wasternack
- Department of Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg, 3, Halle (Saale), Germany.
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Enhanced Botrytis cinerea resistance of Arabidopsis plants grown in compost may be explained by increased expression of defense-related genes, as revealed by microarray analysis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e56075. [PMID: 23405252 PMCID: PMC3566078 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Composts are the products obtained after the aerobic degradation of different types of organic matter waste and can be used as substrates or substrate/soil amendments for plant cultivation. There is a small but increasing number of reports that suggest that foliar diseases may be reduced when using compost, rather than standard substrates, as growing medium. The purpose of this study was to examine the gene expression alteration produced by the compost to gain knowledge of the mechanisms involved in compost-induced systemic resistance. A compost from olive marc and olive tree leaves was able to induce resistance against Botrytis cinerea in Arabidopsis, unlike the standard substrate, perlite. Microarray analyses revealed that 178 genes were differently expressed, with a fold change cut-off of 1, of which 155 were up-regulated and 23 were down-regulated in compost-grown, as against perlite-grown plants. A functional enrichment study of up-regulated genes revealed that 38 Gene Ontology terms were significantly enriched. Response to stress, biotic stimulus, other organism, bacterium, fungus, chemical and abiotic stimulus, SA and ABA stimulus, oxidative stress, water, temperature and cold were significantly enriched, as were immune and defense responses, systemic acquired resistance, secondary metabolic process and oxireductase activity. Interestingly, PR1 expression, which was equally enhanced by growing the plants in compost and by B. cinerea inoculation, was further boosted in compost-grown pathogen-inoculated plants. Compost triggered a plant response that shares similarities with both systemic acquired resistance and ABA-dependent/independent abiotic stress responses.
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Yang CQ, Fang X, Wu XM, Mao YB, Wang LJ, Chen XY. Transcriptional regulation of plant secondary metabolism. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2012; 54:703-12. [PMID: 22947222 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7909.2012.01161.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Plant secondary metabolites play critical roles in plant-environment interactions. They are synthesized in different organs or tissues at particular developmental stages, and in response to various environmental stimuli, both biotic and abiotic. Accordingly, corresponding genes are regulated at the transcriptional level by multiple transcription factors. Several families of transcription factors have been identified to participate in controlling the biosynthesis and accumulation of secondary metabolites. These regulators integrate internal (often developmental) and external signals, bind to corresponding cis-elements--which are often in the promoter regions--to activate or repress the expression of enzyme-coding genes, and some of them interact with other transcription factors to form a complex. In this review, we summarize recent research in these areas, with an emphasis on newly-identified transcription factors and their functions in metabolism regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Qing Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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63
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Mehterov N, Balazadeh S, Hille J, Toneva V, Mueller-Roeber B, Gechev T. Oxidative stress provokes distinct transcriptional responses in the stress-tolerant atr7 and stress-sensitive loh2 Arabidopsis thaliana mutants as revealed by multi-parallel quantitative real-time PCR analysis of ROS marker and antioxidant genes. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2012; 59:20-9. [PMID: 22710144 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2012.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Accepted: 05/27/2012] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The Arabidopsis thaliana atr7 mutant is tolerant to oxidative stress induced by paraquat (PQ) or the catalase inhibitor aminotriazole (AT), while its original background loh2 and wild-type plants are sensitive. Both, AT and PQ, which stimulate the intracellular formation of H₂O₂ or superoxide anions, respectively, trigger cell death in loh2 but do not lead to visible damage in atr7. To study gene expression during oxidative stress and ROS-induced programmed cell death, two platforms for multi-parallel quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis of 217 antioxidant and 180 ROS marker genes were employed. The qRT-PCR analyses revealed AT- and PQ-induced expression of many ROS-responsive genes mainly in loh2, confirming that an oxidative burst plays a role in the activation of the cell death in this mutant. Some of the genes were specifically regulated by either AT or PQ, serving as markers for particular types of ROS. Genes significantly induced by both AT and PQ in loh2 included transcription factors (ANAC042/JUB1, ANAC102, DREB19, HSFA2, RRTF1, ZAT10, ZAT12, ethylene-responsive factors), signaling compounds, ferritins, alternative oxidases, and antioxidant enzymes. Many of these genes were upregulated in atr7 compared to loh2 under non-stress conditions at the first time point, indicating that higher basal levels of ROS and higher antioxidant capacity in atr7 are responsible for the enhanced tolerance to oxidative stress and suggesting a possible tolerance against multiple stresses of this mutant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay Mehterov
- Department of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology, University of Plovdiv, 24 Tsar Assen Str., Plovdiv 4000, Bulgaria
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De Geyter N, Gholami A, Goormachtig S, Goossens A. Transcriptional machineries in jasmonate-elicited plant secondary metabolism. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2012; 17:349-59. [PMID: 22459758 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2012.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 309] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2011] [Revised: 03/01/2012] [Accepted: 03/02/2012] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Jasmonates (JAs) act as conserved elicitors of plant secondary metabolism. JA perception triggers extensive transcriptional reprogramming leading to the concerted activation of entire metabolic pathways. This observation inspired numerous quests for 'master' regulators capable of enhancing the production of specific sets of valuable plant metabolites. Many transcription factors (TFs), often JA-activated themselves, with a role in the JA-modulated regulation of metabolism were discovered. At the same time, it became clear that metabolic reprogramming is subject to complex control mechanisms integrated in robust cellular networks. In this review, we discuss current knowledge of the effect of JA-modulated TFs in the elicitation of secondary metabolism in the model plant Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and a range of medicinal plant species with structurally divergent secondary metabolites. We draw parallels with the regulation of secondary metabolism in fungi and consider the remaining challenges to map and exploit the transcriptional machineries that drive JA-mediated elicitation of plant secondary metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan De Geyter
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, B-9052 Gent, Belgium
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