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Gao X, Mao YH, Xiao C, Li K, Liu W, Li LY, Pang J. Calpain-2 triggers prostate cancer metastasis via enhancing CRMP4 promoter methylation through NF-κB/DNMT1 signaling pathway. Prostate 2018; 78:682-690. [PMID: 29601651 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastasis is the major cause of cancer-specific death in patients with prostate cancer (PCa). We previously reported that collapsing response mediator protein-4 (CRMP4) is a PCa metastasis-suppressor gene and the hypermethylation in CRMP4 promoter is responsible for the transcription repression in metastatic PCa. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of calpain-2 in CRMP4 promoter hypermethylation and its functional modulation in PCa metastasis. METHODS Calpain-2 expression in PCa tissues (n = 87) and its specific mechanisms of functional modulation in CRMP4 expression via limited enzymatic cleavage was investigated. We then focused on the cooperative crosstalk of calpain-2 and NF-κB RelA/p65 in CRMP4 promoter methylation for the initiation of PCa metastasis. Statistical differences between groups were determined using a two-tailed Student's t-test. P < 0.05 indicated statistically significant. RESULTS Calpain-2 was differentially upregulated in metastatic PCa compared with localized PCa. Moreover, calpain-2 cleaved CRMP4 into the N-terminally fragment which promoted migration and invasion in PCa cells via nuclear translocation and activation of E2F1-mediated DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) expression. NF-κB RelA/p65 recruited DNMT1 to bind to and methylate CRMP4 promoter in which Serine276 phosphorylation of p65 was essential. Furthermore, CRMP4 exhibited anti-metastatic function via inhibiting the expression of VEGFC through Semaphorin3B-Neuropilin2 signaling. CONCLUSION Calpain-2 may contribute to the promoter methylation of CRMP4 to repress its transcription, leading to the metastasis of PCa via enhancing VEGFC expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Gao
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yun-Hua Mao
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Chutian Xiao
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ke Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Liao-Yuan Li
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jun Pang
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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Wang Y, Xu H, Jiao H, Wang S, Xiao Z, Zhao Y, Bi J, Wei W, Liu S, Qiu J, Li T, Liang L, Ye Y, Liao W, Ding Y. STX2 promotes colorectal cancer metastasis through a positive feedback loop that activates the NF-κB pathway. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:664. [PMID: 29855462 PMCID: PMC5981218 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0675-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic progression is the main contributor to the poor prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC). Thus, identifying the determinants of CRC metastasis will be of great significance. Based on our previous bioinformatics analysis, Syntaxin2 (STX2) may be upregulated and correlated with the poor prognosis of CRC patients. In this study, we found that STX2 expression was associated with CRC invasion and metastasis and poor patient survival. Gain- and loss-of-function analyses demonstrated that STX2 functioned as a key oncogene by promoting CRC invasion and metastasis. Mechanistically, STX2 selectively interacted with tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) and activated the nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway. Furthermore, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analysis revealed that NF-κB directly bound to the STX2 promoter and drove STX2 transcription. Therefore, STX2 activated the NF-κB pathway, and in turn, NF-κB increased STX2 expression, forming a positive signaling loop that eventually promoted CRC metastasis. Collectively, our results reveal STX2 as a crucial modulator of the aggressive CRC phenotype and highlight STX2 as a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for combating CRC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxia Wang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Honghai Xu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongli Jiao
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuyang Wang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiyuan Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yali Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaxin Bi
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenting Wei
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Junfeng Qiu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Liang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yaping Ye
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Wenting Liao
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yanqing Ding
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Yang H, Sun R, Ma N, Liu Q, Sun X, Zi P, Wang J, Chao K, Yu L. Inhibition of nuclear factor-κB signal by pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury. Oncotarget 2018; 8:47296-47304. [PMID: 28521300 PMCID: PMC5564565 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study mainly studied the effect of inhibition of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signal by pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction in a murine acute lung injury model. The results showed that LPS exposure activated NF-κB and its upstream proteins and caused lung inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction in mice. While inhibition of NF-κB by PDTC adminstration alleviated LPS-induced generation of lymphocytes, IL-1β, and TNF-α. Malondialdehyde, a common oxidative product, was markedly reduced after PDTC treatment in LPS-challenged mice. Furthermore, PDTC alleviated LPS-induced mitochondrial dysfunction via improving ATP synthesis and uncoupling protein 2 expression. In conclusion, inhibition of NF-κB by PDTC alleviated LPS-induced acute lung injury via maintaining inflammatory status, oxidative balance, and mitochondrial function in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfu Yang
- Critical Care Medical Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, P.R. China
| | - Rongqing Sun
- Critical Care Medical Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, P.R. China
| | - Ning Ma
- Critical Care Medical Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, P.R. China
| | - Qilong Liu
- Critical Care Medical Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoge Sun
- Critical Care Medical Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, P.R. China
| | - Panpan Zi
- Critical Care Medical Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, P.R. China
| | - Junsheng Wang
- Critical Care Medical Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, P.R. China
| | - Ke Chao
- Critical Care Medical Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, P.R. China
| | - Lei Yu
- Critical Care Medical Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, P.R. China
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Colombo F, Zambrano S, Agresti A. NF-κB, the Importance of Being Dynamic: Role and Insights in Cancer. Biomedicines 2018; 6:biomedicines6020045. [PMID: 29673148 PMCID: PMC6027537 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines6020045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we aim at describing the results obtained in the past years on dynamics features defining NF-κB regulatory functions, as we believe that these developments might have a transformative effect on the way in which NF-κB involvement in cancer is studied. We will also describe technical aspects of the studies performed in this context, including the use of different cellular models, culture conditions, microscopy approaches and quantification of the imaging data, balancing their strengths and limitations and pointing out to common features and to some open questions. Our emphasis in the methodology will allow a critical overview of literature and will show how these cutting-edge approaches can contribute to shed light on the involvement of NF-κB deregulation in tumour onset and progression. We hypothesize that this “dynamic point of view” can be fruitfully applied to untangle the complex relationship between NF-κB and cancer and to find new targets to restrain cancer growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Colombo
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Samuel Zambrano
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Agresti
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.
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55
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El-Ashmawy NE, Khedr NF, El-Bahrawy HA, Abo Mansour HE. Ginger extract adjuvant to doxorubicin in mammary carcinoma: study of some molecular mechanisms. Eur J Nutr 2018; 57:981-989. [PMID: 28229277 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-017-1382-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the anticancer properties of ginger extract (GE) in mice bearing solid Ehrlich carcinoma (SEC) and to evaluate the use of GE in combination with doxorubicin (DOX) as a complementary therapy against SEC. METHODS SEC was induced in 60 female mice. Mice were divided into four equal groups: SEC, GE, DOX and GE + DOX. GE (100 mg/kg orally day after day) and DOX (4 mg/kg i.p. for 4 cycles every 5 days) were given to mice starting on day 12 of inoculation. On the 28th day, blood samples were collected, mice were scarified, tumor volume was measured, and tumor tissues were excised. RESULTS The anti-cancer effect of GE was mediated by activation of adenosine monophosphate protein kinase (AMPK) and down-regulation of cyclin D1 gene expression. GE also showed pro-apoptotic properties as evidenced by elevation of the P53 and suppression of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) content in tumor tissue. Co-administration of GE alongside DOX markedly increased survival rate, decreased tumor volume, and increased the level of phosphorylated AMPK (PAMPK) and improved related pathways compared to DOX group. In addition, the histopathological results demonstrated enhanced apoptosis and absence of multinucleated cells in tumor tissue of GE + DOX group. CONCLUSION AMPK pathway and cyclin D1 gene expression could be a molecular therapeutic target for the anticancer effect of GE in mice bearing SEC. Combining GE and DOX revealed a greater efficacy as anticancer therapeutic regimen.
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MESH Headings
- AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/chemistry
- AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
- Animals
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/therapeutic use
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/therapeutic use
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Biomarkers, Tumor/blood
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor/diet therapy
- Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor/pathology
- Combined Modality Therapy
- Cyclin D1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Cyclin D1/genetics
- Cyclin D1/metabolism
- Dietary Supplements
- Doxorubicin/therapeutic use
- Enzyme Activation/drug effects
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Zingiber officinale/chemistry
- Mammary Glands, Animal/drug effects
- Mammary Glands, Animal/metabolism
- Mammary Glands, Animal/pathology
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/diet therapy
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Mice
- Necrosis
- Neoplasm Proteins/agonists
- Neoplasm Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
- Plant Extracts/therapeutic use
- Rhizome/chemistry
- Survival Analysis
- Tumor Burden/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahla E El-Ashmawy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, 31527, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Naglaa F Khedr
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, 31527, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Hoda A El-Bahrawy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, 31527, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Hend E Abo Mansour
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, 31527, Tanta, Egypt.
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Xu X, Wang J, Han K, Li S, Xu F, Yang Y. Antimalarial drug mefloquine inhibits nuclear factor kappa B signaling and induces apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:1220-1229. [PMID: 29453896 PMCID: PMC5891192 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) signaling pathway is activated in many colorectal cancer (CRC) cells and in the tumor microenvironment, which plays a critical role in cancer initiation, development, and response to therapies. In the present study, we found that the widely used antimalarial drug mefloquine was a NF‐κB inhibitor that blocked the activation of IκBα kinase, leading to reduction of IκBα degradation, decrease of p65 phosphorylation, and suppressed expression of NF‐κB target genes in CRC cells. We also found that mefloquine induced growth arrest and apoptosis of CRC cells harboring phosphorylated p65 in culture and in mice. Furthermore, expression of constitutive active IKKβ kinase significantly attenuated the cytotoxic effect of the compound. These results showed that mefloquine could exert antitumor action through inhibiting the NF‐κB signaling pathway, and indicated that the antimalarial drug might be repurposed for anti‐CRC therapy in the clinic as a single agent or in combination with other anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xu
- Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Center for Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Kunkun Han
- The Asclepius Technology Company Group and Asclepius Cancer Research Center, Suzhou, China
| | - Shaoyan Li
- Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Center for Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yili Yang
- Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Center for Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Innovative Natural Medicine and TCM Injections, Jiangxi Qingfeng Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Ganzhou, China
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57
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Makhov P, Naito S, Haifler M, Kutikov A, Boumber Y, Uzzo RG, Kolenko VM. The convergent roles of NF-κB and ER stress in sunitinib-mediated expression of pro-tumorigenic cytokines and refractory phenotype in renal cell carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2018. [PMID: 29515108 PMCID: PMC5841329 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0388-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common form of kidney cancer. While cure remains exceptionally infrequent in RCC patients with systemic or recurrent disease, current targeted molecular strategies, including multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), notably changed the treatment paradigm of advanced renal cancer. Yet, complete and durable responses have been noted in only a few cases. Our studies reveal that sunitinib triggers two resistance-promoting signaling pathways in RCC cells, which emanate from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response: a PERK-driven ER stress response that induces expression of the pro-tumorigenic cytokines IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α, and a TRAF2-mediated NF-κB survival program that protects tumor cells against cell death. PERK blockade completely prevents sunitinib-induced expression of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α, whereas NF-κB inhibition reinstates sensitivity of RCC cells to sunitinib both in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, our findings indicate that ER stress response may contribute to sunitinib resistance in RCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Makhov
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA.
| | - Sei Naito
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA
| | - Miki Haifler
- Division of Urologic Oncology, Department of Surgery, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA
| | - Alexander Kutikov
- Division of Urologic Oncology, Department of Surgery, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA
| | - Yanis Boumber
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA
| | - Robert G Uzzo
- Division of Urologic Oncology, Department of Surgery, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA
| | - Vladimir M Kolenko
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA
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Metabolic Reprogramming and the Recovery of Physiological Functionality in 3D Cultures in Micro-Bioreactors. Bioengineering (Basel) 2018. [PMID: 29518979 PMCID: PMC5874888 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering5010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The recovery of physiological functionality, which is commonly seen in tissue mimetic three-dimensional (3D) cellular aggregates (organoids, spheroids, acini, etc.), has been observed in cells of many origins (primary tissues, embryonic stem cells (ESCs), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and immortal cell lines). This plurality and plasticity suggest that probably several basic principles promote this recovery process. The aim of this study was to identify these basic principles and describe how they are regulated so that they can be taken in consideration when micro-bioreactors are designed. Here, we provide evidence that one of these basic principles is hypoxia, which is a natural consequence of multicellular structures grown in microgravity cultures. Hypoxia drives a partial metabolic reprogramming to aerobic glycolysis and an increased anabolic synthesis. A second principle is the activation of cytoplasmic glutaminolysis for lipogenesis. Glutaminolysis is activated in the presence of hypo- or normo-glycaemic conditions and in turn is geared to the hexosamine pathway. The reducing power needed is produced in the pentose phosphate pathway, a prime function of glucose metabolism. Cytoskeletal reconstruction, histone modification, and the recovery of the physiological phenotype can all be traced to adaptive changes in the underlying cellular metabolism. These changes are coordinated by mTOR/Akt, p53 and non-canonical Wnt signaling pathways, while myc and NF-kB appear to be relatively inactive. Partial metabolic reprogramming to aerobic glycolysis, originally described by Warburg, is independent of the cell’s rate of proliferation, but is interwoven with the cells abilities to execute advanced functionality needed for replicating the tissues physiological performance.
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59
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González-Quezada BA, Santana-Bejarano UF, Corona-Rivera A, Pimentel-Gutiérrez HJ, Silva-Cruz R, Ortega-De-la-Torre C, Franco-Topete R, Franco-Topete K, Centeno-Flores MW, Maciel-Gutiérrez VM, Corona-Rivera JR, Armendáriz-Borunda J, Bobadilla-Morales L. Expression profile of NF-κB regulated genes in sporadic colorectal cancer patients. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:7344-7354. [PMID: 29849793 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth leading worldwide cause of cancer-associated mortalities. Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is a transcriptional regulator of multiple genes associated with CRC. Tumor tissue were compared with normal adjacent mucosa from 30 sporadic patients with CRC were investigated. A total of 8 non-CRC patients were analyzed as a control group. In the present study, the protein expression of NF-κB/p65 was detected by immunohistochemistry, and the gene expression profiles of cyclin D1 (CCND1), prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2, vascular endothelial growth factor A, matrix metallopeptidase 9, BCL2 apoptosis regulator (BCL2), BCL2 like 1, nitric oxide synthase 2, tumor necrosis factor and arachidonate lipoxygenase were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. NF-κB/p65 and genes expression profiles were classified according to tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) clinicopathological parameters, followed by statistical analysis. Higher protein expression of NF-κB/p65 in the cytoplasm of tumor tissues compared with adjacent normal mucosa was reported; this increment was positively associated with all clinicopathological parameters, except for tumor localization site. The selected genes demonstrated a diverse associative pattern when analyzed with clinicopathological parameters. CCND1 was positively associated with all TNM parameters and BCL2 was negatively associated with all TNM parameters, thus indicating their importance as strong molecular biomarkers for CRC. According to these results, not all selected genes regulated by NF-κB/p65 show increased expression during CRC development, whereas the transcription factor did. The present study suggests that NF-κB/p65 overexpression is necessary for CRC establishment and progression, but its transcriptional activity is not sufficient to regulate all target genes in CRC. NF-κB/p65 and the gene expression profiles reported in the present study may be therapeutically useful. Considering the heterogeneity of the disease, the particular evaluation of these molecules may allow for the selection of proper diagnosis, treatment and follow-up for patients with sporadic CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betsy Annel González-Quezada
- Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory, Human Genetic Institute 'Dr. Enrique Corona Rivera', University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, México.,Cytogenetics Unit, Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Service, Hospital Civil of Guadalajara 'Dr. Juan I. Menchaca', Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, México
| | - Uriel Francisco Santana-Bejarano
- Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory, Human Genetic Institute 'Dr. Enrique Corona Rivera', University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, México.,Cytogenetics Unit, Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Service, Hospital Civil of Guadalajara 'Dr. Juan I. Menchaca', Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, México
| | - Alfredo Corona-Rivera
- Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory, Human Genetic Institute 'Dr. Enrique Corona Rivera', University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, México.,Cytogenetics Unit, Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Service, Hospital Civil of Guadalajara 'Dr. Juan I. Menchaca', Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, México
| | - Helia Judith Pimentel-Gutiérrez
- Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory, Human Genetic Institute 'Dr. Enrique Corona Rivera', University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, México.,Cytogenetics Unit, Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Service, Hospital Civil of Guadalajara 'Dr. Juan I. Menchaca', Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, México
| | - Rocío Silva-Cruz
- Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory, Human Genetic Institute 'Dr. Enrique Corona Rivera', University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, México
| | - Citlalli Ortega-De-la-Torre
- Cytogenetics Unit, Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Service, Hospital Civil of Guadalajara 'Dr. Juan I. Menchaca', Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, México
| | - Ramón Franco-Topete
- Pathological Anatomy Service, Hospital Civil of Guadalajara 'Dr. Juan I. Menchaca', Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, México
| | - Karina Franco-Topete
- Pathological Anatomy Service, Hospital Civil of Guadalajara 'Dr. Juan I. Menchaca', Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, México
| | | | - Víctor Manuel Maciel-Gutiérrez
- Colon and Rectum Service, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, México
| | - Jorge Román Corona-Rivera
- Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory, Human Genetic Institute 'Dr. Enrique Corona Rivera', University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, México
| | - Juan Armendáriz-Borunda
- Molecular Biology and Gene Therapy Institute, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, México
| | - Lucina Bobadilla-Morales
- Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory, Human Genetic Institute 'Dr. Enrique Corona Rivera', University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, México.,Cytogenetics Unit, Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Service, Hospital Civil of Guadalajara 'Dr. Juan I. Menchaca', Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, México
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He Y, Tan X, Hu H, Wang Q, Hu X, Cai X, Guan Y, Chen B, Jing X. Metformin inhibits the migration and invasion of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells by downregulating the protein kinase B signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:2939-2945. [PMID: 29435022 PMCID: PMC5778829 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that metformin, a biguanide family member widely used as an oral antidiabetic drug, may inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis in certain types of cancer cell. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying metformin-associated anticancer effects, and in particular antimetastatic effects, remain to be fully understood. The present study assessed the efficacy of metformin in inhibiting the migration and invasion of the esophageal carcinoma cell line EC109, and evaluated the effect of metformin on the protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway. EC109 cells were treated with 0, 5, 10 or 20 mM metformin during the logarithmic growth phase. A Transwell assay and western blot analysis revealed that metformin inhibited the migration and invasion of EC109 cells, nuclear factor-κB activation, matrix metallopeptidase 9 and N-cadherin expression in a phosphorylated-AKT dependent manner. These results suggested that metformin inhibits the migration and invasion of human esophageal carcinoma cells by suppressing AKT phosphorylation and regulating the expression of migration- and invasion-associated genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yindi He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojun Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Central Hospital of Chancheng, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, P.R. China
| | - Hui Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Qinjia Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Xi Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Xianbin Cai
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Yinghong Guan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Binming Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Xubin Jing
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Professor Xubin Jing, Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 57 Changping Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China, E-mail:
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61
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Lin G, Li C, Huang C, Zhuang W, Huang Y, Xu H, Miao Q, Hu D. Co-expression of NF-κB-p65 and phosphorylated NF-κB-p105 is associated with poor prognosis in surgically resectable non-small cell lung cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:1923-1930. [PMID: 29363879 PMCID: PMC5824390 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐κB) as a prognostic marker remains unclear in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here, we studied NF‐κB‐p65 (p65) expression and phosphorylated NF‐κB‐p105 (p‐p105) expression in NSCLC and correlated the finding with overall survival (OS) and clinicopathological features. A total of 186 archival samples from patients with surgically resectable NSCLC were probed with p65 and p‐p105 (Ser 932). The p65‐positive expression and p‐p105‐positive expression were defined as distinct nuclear p65 and cytoplasmic p‐p105 labelling in at least 1% of tumour cells, respectively. The positive staining of p65 alone, p‐p105 alone and co‐expression of p65 and p‐p105 were observed in 61 (32.8%), 90 (48.4%) and 35 (18.8%) patients, respectively. Co‐expression of p65 and p‐p105 but not of either p65 or p‐p105 alone was associated with a poor prognosis. Patients with co‐expression of p65 and p‐p105 had a shorter OS than others, median OS 26.5 months versus 64.1 months, HR 1.85 (95% CI: 1.18–2.91), P = 0.007. There was no statistically significant association between clinicopathological characteristics and either p65 or p‐p105 alone or co‐expression of p65 and p‐p105. This indicates that co‐expression of p65 and p‐p105 was a poor prognostic factor, and pathologic studies of NF‐κB expression could include multiple pathway components in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen Lin
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wu Zhuang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yunjian Huang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Haipeng Xu
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qian Miao
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Dan Hu
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
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62
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Gong H, Fang L, Li Y, Du J, Zhou B, Wang X, Zhou H, Gao L, Wang K, Zhang J. miR‑873 inhibits colorectal cancer cell proliferation by targeting TRAF5 and TAB1. Oncol Rep 2018; 39:1090-1098. [PMID: 29328486 PMCID: PMC5802030 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-873 (miR-873) has been reported to be dysregulated in a variety of malignancies, however, the biological function and underlying molecular mechanism of miR-873 in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain unclear. In the present study we found that the expression levels of miR-873 were markedly decreased in CRC cell lines and tissues from patients. Statistical analysis revealed that miR-873 expression was inversely correlated with the disease stage of CRC. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that patients with CRC with lower miR-873 expression had shorter overall survival rates. Additionally, downregulation of miR-873 enhanced the proliferation of CRC cells, while upregulation of miR-873 reduced this proliferation. Furthermore, we found that tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factor 5 (TRAF5) and TGF-β activated kinase 1 (MAP3K7) binding protein 1 (TAB1) were direct targets of miR-873 in CRC cells. A luciferase assay revealed that ectopic expression of miR-873 significantly reduced nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) luciferase activity, while ectopic expression of miR-873 inhibitor enhanced luciferase activity, suggesting that downregulation of miR-873 can activate NF-κB signaling. Therefore, our findings established a tumor-suppressive role for miR-873 in the inhibition of CRC progression, which may be employed as a novel prognostic marker and as an effective therapeutic target for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Gong
- Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital/Affiliated Shenzhen Sixth Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, P.R. China
| | - Lishan Fang
- Central Laboratory, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, P.R. China
| | - Yifan Li
- Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital/Affiliated Shenzhen Sixth Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, P.R. China
| | - Jihui Du
- Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital/Affiliated Shenzhen Sixth Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, P.R. China
| | - Bei Zhou
- Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital/Affiliated Shenzhen Sixth Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, P.R. China
| | - Xiu Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital/Affiliated Shenzhen Sixth Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, P.R. China
| | - Hekai Zhou
- Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital/Affiliated Shenzhen Sixth Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, P.R. China
| | - Lingli Gao
- Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital/Affiliated Shenzhen Sixth Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, P.R. China
| | - Kaixin Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital/Affiliated Shenzhen Sixth Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, P.R. China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital/Affiliated Shenzhen Sixth Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, P.R. China
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63
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Vancurova I, Uddin MM, Zou Y, Vancura A. Combination Therapies Targeting HDAC and IKK in Solid Tumors. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2017; 39:295-306. [PMID: 29233541 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The rationale for developing histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors (HDACi) as anticancer agents was based on their ability to induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in cancer cells. However, while HDACi have been remarkably effective in the treatment of hematological malignancies, clinical studies with HDACi as single agents in solid cancers have been disappointing. Recent studies have shown that, in addition to inducing apoptosis in cancer cells, class I HDACi induce IκB kinase (IKK)-dependent expression of proinflammatory chemokines, such as interleukin-8 (IL8; CXCL8), resulting in the increased proliferation of tumor cells, and limiting the effectiveness of HDACi in solid tumors. Here, we discuss the mechanisms responsible for HDACi-induced CXCL8 expression, and opportunities for combination therapies targeting HDACs and IKK in solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Vancurova
- Department of Biological Sciences, St John's University, New York, NY 11439, USA.
| | - Mohammad M Uddin
- Department of Biological Sciences, St John's University, New York, NY 11439, USA
| | - Yue Zou
- Department of Biological Sciences, St John's University, New York, NY 11439, USA
| | - Ales Vancura
- Department of Biological Sciences, St John's University, New York, NY 11439, USA
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64
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Jin R, Chen Q, Yao S, Bai E, Fu W, Wang L, Wang J, Du X, Wei T, Xu H, Jiang C, Qiu P, Wu J, Li W, Liang G. Synthesis and anti-tumor activity of EF24 analogues as IKKβ inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 144:218-228. [PMID: 29351887 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.11.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
EF24 is an IKKβ inhibitor (IC50: 72 μM) containing various anti-tumor activities. In this study, a series of EF24 analogs targeting IKKβ were designed and synthesized. Several IKKβ inhibitors with better activities than EF24 were screened out and B3 showed best IKKβ inhibitory (IC50: 6.6 μM). Molecular docking and dynamic simulation experiments further confirmed this inhibitory effect. B3 obviously suppressed the viability of Hela229, A549, SGC-7901 and MGC-803 cells. Then, in SGC-7901 and MGC-803 cells, B3 blocked the NF-κB signal pathway by inhibiting IKKβ phosphorylation, and followed arrested the cell cycle at G2/M phase by suppressing the Cyclin B1 and Cdc2 p34 expression, induced the cell apoptosis by down-regulating Bcl-2 protein and up-regulating cleaved-caspase3. Moreover, B3 significantly reduced tumor growth and suppressed the IKKβ-NF-κB signal pathway in SGC-7901 xenograft model. In total, this study present a potential IKKβ inhibitor as anti-tumor precursor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Jin
- Department of Digestive Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China; Chemical Biology Research Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Qiuxiang Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China; Chemical Biology Research Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Song Yao
- Chemical Biology Research Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Encheng Bai
- Department of Digestive Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China; Chemical Biology Research Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Weitao Fu
- Chemical Biology Research Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Ledan Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of the Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Jiabing Wang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Xiaojing Du
- Department of Digestive Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China; Chemical Biology Research Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Tao Wei
- Chemical Biology Research Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
| | - Haineng Xu
- Chemical Biology Research Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; Wenzhou Biomedical Innovation Center, Wenzhou University and Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Chengxi Jiang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; Wenzhou Biomedical Innovation Center, Wenzhou University and Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Peihong Qiu
- Chemical Biology Research Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Jianzhang Wu
- Chemical Biology Research Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; Wenzhou Biomedical Innovation Center, Wenzhou University and Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.
| | - Wulan Li
- Chemical Biology Research Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; College of Information Science and Computer Engineering, The First Clinical Medical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
| | - Guang Liang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; Wenzhou Biomedical Innovation Center, Wenzhou University and Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
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65
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The IKK/NF-κB signaling pathway requires Morgana to drive breast cancer metastasis. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1636. [PMID: 29158506 PMCID: PMC5696377 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01829-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
NF-κB is a transcription factor involved in the regulation of multiple physiological and pathological cellular processes, including inflammation, cell survival, proliferation, and cancer cell metastasis. NF-κB is frequently hyperactivated in several cancers, including triple-negative breast cancer. Here we show that NF-κB activation in breast cancer cells depends on the presence of the CHORDC1 gene product Morgana, a previously unknown component of the IKK complex and essential for IκBα substrate recognition. Morgana silencing blocks metastasis formation in breast cancer mouse models and this phenotype is reverted by IκBα downregulation. High Morgana expression levels in cancer cells decrease recruitment of natural killer cells in the first phases of tumor growth and induce the expression of cytokines able to attract neutrophils in the primary tumor, as well as in the pre-metastatic lungs, fueling cancer metastasis. In accordance, high Morgana levels positively correlate with NF-κB target gene expression and poor prognosis in human patients. NF-κB regulates inflammation, cell survival, proliferation, and metastasis and is often hyperactivated in triple-negative breast cancer. Here the authors show that Morgana, a protein highly expressed in triple-negative breast cancers, drives NF-kB activation to promote metastasis and neutrophil recruitment.
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66
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Bahadori F, Demiray M. A Realistic View on "The Essential Medicinal Chemistry of Curcumin". ACS Med Chem Lett 2017; 8:893-896. [PMID: 28947929 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.7b00284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Bahadori
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Bezmialem Vakif University, 34093 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mutlu Demiray
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medicana International Istanbul Hospital, 34520 Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Medical Oncology, KTO Karatay University, 42020 Konya, Turkey
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67
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Zhong ZF, Yu HB, Wang CM, Qiang WA, Wang SP, Zhang JM, Yu H, Cui L, Wu T, Li DQ, Wang YT. Furanodiene Induces Extrinsic and Intrinsic Apoptosis in Doxorubicin-Resistant MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells via NF-κB-Independent Mechanism. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:648. [PMID: 28959205 PMCID: PMC5603666 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy is used as a primary approach in cancer treatment after routine surgery. However, chemo-resistance tends to occur when chemotherapy is used clinically, resulting in poor prognosis and recurrence. Currently, Chinese medicine may provide insight into the design of new therapies to overcome chemo-resistance. Furanodiene, as a heat-sensitive sesquiterpene, is isolated from the essential oil of Rhizoma Curcumae. Even though mounting evidence claiming that furanodiene possesses anti-cancer activities in various types of cancers, the underlying mechanisms against chemo-resistant cancer are not fully clear. Our study found that furanodiene could display anti-cancer effects by inhibiting cell viability, inducing cell cytotoxicity, and suppressing cell proliferation in doxorubicin-resistant MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Furthermore, furanodiene preferentially causes apoptosis by interfering with intrinsic/extrinsic-dependent and NF-κB-independent pathways in doxorubicin-resistant MCF-7 cells. These observations also prompt that furanodiene may be developed as a promising natural product for multidrug-resistant cancer therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang-Feng Zhong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiang, China.,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of MacauMacao, China
| | - Hai-Bing Yu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiang, China
| | - Chun-Ming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of MacauMacao, China
| | - Wen-An Qiang
- Division of Reproductive Science in Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, ChicagoIL, United States.,Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, EvanstonIL, United States
| | - Sheng-Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of MacauMacao, China
| | - Jin-Ming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of MacauMacao, China
| | - Hua Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of MacauMacao, China
| | - Liao Cui
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiang, China
| | - Tie Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiang, China
| | - De-Qiang Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang, China
| | - Yi-Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of MacauMacao, China
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68
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Chen J, Stark LA. Aspirin Prevention of Colorectal Cancer: Focus on NF-κB Signalling and the Nucleolus. Biomedicines 2017; 5:biomedicines5030043. [PMID: 28718829 PMCID: PMC5618301 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines5030043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Overwhelming evidence indicates that aspirin and related non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have anti-tumour activity and the potential to prevent cancer, particularly colorectal cancer. However, the mechanisms underlying this effect remain hypothetical. Dysregulation of the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) transcription factor is a common event in many cancer types which contributes to tumour initiation and progression by driving expression of pro-proliferative/anti-apoptotic genes. In this review, we will focus on the current knowledge regarding NSAID effects on the NF-κB signalling pathway in pre-cancerous and cancerous lesions, and the evidence that these effects contribute to the anti-tumour activity of the agents. The nuclear organelle, the nucleolus, is emerging as a central regulator of transcription factor activity and cell growth and death. Nucleolar function is dysregulated in the majority of cancers which promotes cancer growth through direct and indirect mechanisms. Hence, this organelle is emerging as a promising target for novel therapeutic agents. Here, we will also discuss evidence for crosstalk between the NF-κB pathway and nucleoli, the role that this cross-talk has in the anti-tumour effects of NSAIDs and ways forward to exploit this crosstalk for therapeutic purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Chen
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Rd., Edinburgh, Scotland EH4 2XU, UK.
| | - Lesley A Stark
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Rd., Edinburgh, Scotland EH4 2XU, UK.
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69
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Zotti T, Scudiero I, Vito P, Stilo R. The Emerging Role of TRAF7 in Tumor Development. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:1233-1238. [PMID: 27808423 PMCID: PMC5347962 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The seven members of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNF-R)-associated factor (TRAF) family of intracellular proteins were originally discovered and characterized as signaling adaptor molecules coupled to the cytoplasmic regions of receptors of the TNF-R superfamily. Functionally, TRAFs act both as a scaffold and/or enzymatic proteins to regulate activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and transcription factors of nuclear factor-κB family (NF-κB). Given the wide variety of stimuli intracellularly conveyed by TRAF proteins, they are physiologically involved in multiple biological processes, including embryonic development, tissue homeostasis, and regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses. In the last few years, it has become increasingly evident the involvement of TRAF7, the last member of the TRAF family to be discovered, in the genesis and progression of several human cancers, placing TRAF7 in the spotlight as a novel tumor suppressor protein. In this paper, we review and discuss the literature recently produced on this subject. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 1233-1238, 2017. © 2016 The Authors. Journal of Cellular Physiology Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Zotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze e TecnologieUniversità degli Studi del SannioBeneventoItaly
| | | | - Pasquale Vito
- Dipartimento di Scienze e TecnologieUniversità degli Studi del SannioBeneventoItaly
| | - Romania Stilo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e TecnologieUniversità degli Studi del SannioBeneventoItaly
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70
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Yamaguchi H, Kuroda K, Sugitani M, Takayama T, Hasegawa K, Esumi M. Transglutaminase 2 is upregulated in primary hepatocellular carcinoma with early recurrence as determined by proteomic profiles. Int J Oncol 2017; 50:1749-1759. [PMID: 28339069 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.3917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of early recurrence of hepato-cellular carcinoma (HCC) is not well understood. To examine whether early intrahepatic metastasis of HCC can be determined by the reliable molecular characteristics of the primary HCC, we focused on early-stage tumors of primary and solitary HCC cases. Proteomic differences were investigated between two groups, 11 early (recurrence within 12 months) and 10 late (no recurrence within 48 months) HCC cases, using two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis. Overall, 10 upregulated and 9 downregulated proteins were identified from a total of 1623 protein spots detected in early recurrent HCC. Cluster analysis using the 19 proteins successfully divided the 21 HCC samples exactly into the two above groups. A multifunctional protein, transglutaminase 2 (TGM2), was upregulated in the early recurrence group. Immunohistochemistry revealed the frequent observation of TGM2-positive HCC cells in the early group, with a tendency of TGM2-positive staining in HCC cells adjacent to fibrous stroma. To examine whether two major TGM2-associated pathways, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and integrin signaling, were activated in the early recurrence group of HCC, downstream molecules of TGM2 were measured. The mRNA level of EMT-related genes was highly positively correlated with TGM2 mRNA. However, E-cadherin (CDH1) mRNA and protein were not downregulated in correlation with TGM2 expression. The phosphorylation of FAK and Akt and the downregulation of PTEN were not associated with the quantity of TGM2. Therefore, TGM2 might contribute to early HCC recurrence through signaling pathways not related to EMT and integrin signaling. The proteomics of strictly classified HCCs would be useful for characterizing pro-metastatic HCC and for developing a new therapeutic target for treatment of metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Yamaguchi
- Division of Morphological and Functional Pathology, Department of Pathology and Micro-biology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Kazumichi Kuroda
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Micro-biology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Masahiko Sugitani
- Division of Morphological and Functional Pathology, Department of Pathology and Micro-biology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Tadatoshi Takayama
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Hasegawa
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Mariko Esumi
- Division of Morphological and Functional Pathology, Department of Pathology and Micro-biology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
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Zhao Y, Yang F, Li W, Xu C, Li L, Chen L, Liu Y, Sun P. miR-29a suppresses MCF-7 cell growth by downregulating tumor necrosis factor receptor 1. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317692264. [PMID: 28222663 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317692264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 is the main receptor mediating many tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced cellular events. Some studies have shown that tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 promotes tumorigenesis by activating nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathway, while other studies have confirmed that tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 plays an inhibitory role in tumors growth by inducing apoptosis in breast cancer. Therefore, the function of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 in breast cancer requires clarification. In this study, we first found that tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 was significantly increased in human breast cancer tissues and cell lines, and knockdown of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 by small interfering RNA inhibited cell proliferation by arresting the cell cycle and inducing apoptosis. In addition, miR-29a was predicted as a regulator of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 by TargetScan and was shown to be inversely correlated with tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 expression in human breast cancer tissues and cell lines. Luciferase reporter assay further confirmed that miR-29a negatively regulated tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 expression by binding to the 3' untranslated region. In our functional study, miR-29a overexpression remarkably suppressed cell proliferation and colony formation, arrested the cell cycle, and induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cell. Furthermore, in combination with tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 transfection, miR-29a significantly reversed the oncogenic role caused by tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 in MCF-7 cell. In addition, we demonstrated that miR-29a suppressed MCF-7 cell growth by inactivating the nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathway and by decreasing cyclinD1 and Bcl-2/Bax protein levels. Taken together, our results suggest that miR-29a is an important regulator of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 expression in breast cancer and functions as a tumor suppressor by targeting tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 to influence the growth of MCF-7 cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiling Zhao
- 1 Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Fenghua Yang
- 2 Department of Prevention and Health Statistics, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Wenyuan Li
- 3 Key Laboratory of Tumor Prevention and Treatment (Heilongjiang Higher Education Institutions), Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Chunyan Xu
- 4 Department of Pathology, Tumor Hospital of Mudanjiang, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Li Li
- 3 Key Laboratory of Tumor Prevention and Treatment (Heilongjiang Higher Education Institutions), Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Lifei Chen
- 5 Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yancui Liu
- 3 Key Laboratory of Tumor Prevention and Treatment (Heilongjiang Higher Education Institutions), Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Ping Sun
- 3 Key Laboratory of Tumor Prevention and Treatment (Heilongjiang Higher Education Institutions), Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
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72
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Vlahopoulos SA. Aberrant control of NF-κB in cancer permits transcriptional and phenotypic plasticity, to curtail dependence on host tissue: molecular mode. Cancer Biol Med 2017; 14:254-270. [PMID: 28884042 PMCID: PMC5570602 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2017.0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of the transcription factor NF-κB in shaping the cancer microenvironment is becoming increasingly clear. Inflammation alters the activity of enzymes that modulate NF-κB function, and causes extensive changes in genomic chromatin that ultimately drastically alter cell-specific gene expression. NF-κB regulates the expression of cytokines and adhesion factors that control interactions among adjacent cells. As such, NF-κB fine tunes tissue cellular composition, as well as tissues' interactions with the immune system. Therefore, NF-κB changes the cell response to hormones and to contact with neighboring cells. Activating NF-κB confers transcriptional and phenotypic plasticity to a cell and thereby enables profound local changes in tissue function and composition. Research suggests that the regulation of NF-κB target genes is specifically altered in cancer. Such alterations occur not only due to mutations of NF-κB regulatory proteins, but also because of changes in the activity of specific proteostatic modules and metabolic pathways. This article describes the molecular mode of NF-κB regulation with a few characteristic examples of target genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spiros A Vlahopoulos
- The First Department of Pediatrics, University of Athens, Horemeio Research Laboratory, Athens 11527, Greece
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73
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Rezvani K. UBXD Proteins: A Family of Proteins with Diverse Functions in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17101724. [PMID: 27754413 PMCID: PMC5085755 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17101724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The UBXD family is a diverse group of UBX (ubiquitin-regulatory X) domain-containing proteins in mammalian cells. Members of this family contain a UBX domain typically located at the carboxyl-terminal of the protein. In contrast to the UBX domain shared by all members of UBXD family, the amino-terminal domains are diverse and appear to carry out different roles in a subcellular localization-dependent manner. UBXD proteins are principally associated with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), where they positively or negatively regulate the ER-associated degradation machinery (ERAD). The distinct protein interaction networks of UBXD proteins allow them to have specific functions independent of the ERAD pathway in a cell type- and tissue context-dependent manner. Recent reports have illustrated that a number of mammalian members of the UBXD family play critical roles in several proliferation and apoptosis pathways dysregulated in selected types of cancer. This review covers recent advances that elucidate the therapeutic potential of selected members of the UBXD family that can contribute to tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khosrow Rezvani
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, The University of South Dakota, 414 E. Clark Street, Lee Medical Building, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA.
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Maruyama W, Shirakawa K, Matsui H, Matsumoto T, Yamazaki H, Sarca AD, Kazuma Y, Kobayashi M, Shindo K, Takaori-Kondo A. Classical NF-κB pathway is responsible for APOBEC3B expression in cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 478:1466-71. [PMID: 27577680 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.08.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
APOBEC3B (A3B) is a DNA cytosine deaminase and catalyzes cytosine deamination, resulting in mutations in genomic DNA. A3B is aberrantly expressed in a variety of cancers and considered to be a source of genomic mutations that contribute to cancer progression and metastasis. However, the mechanisms through which A3B expression is dysregulated in cancer cells are not fully elucidated. Here we report that the classical NF-κB pathway plays a crucial role in the transcriptional regulation of A3B in various cancer cells, including lymphoid malignancies. PMA, a strong activator of PKC, induces A3B at both mRNA and protein levels in cancer cell lines, and specific inhibitors of both PKC and IKK downregulate A3B expression. Using luciferase reporter and EMSA assays, we identify 3 NF-κΒ binding sites in the A3B promoter and reveal that NF-κB p65/p50 and p65/c-Rel heterodimers are important for A3B transcription. These results suggest that the classical NF-κB pathway is responsible for activation of A3B mRNA expression and further imply that inhibition of PKC and IKK might augment cancer treatment by reducing cancer progression and metastasis through downregulation of A3B expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Maruyama
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kotaro Shirakawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Matsui
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tadahiko Matsumoto
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yamazaki
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Anamaria D Sarca
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kazuma
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kobayashi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keisuke Shindo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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Li L, Wu J, Zheng F, Tang Q, Wu W, Hann SS. Inhibition of EZH2 via activation of SAPK/JNK and reduction of p65 and DNMT1 as a novel mechanism in inhibition of human lung cancer cells by polyphyllin I. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2016; 35:112. [PMID: 27421653 PMCID: PMC4947306 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-016-0388-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Polyphyllin I (PPI), a bioactive phytochemical extracted from the Rhizoma of Paris polyphylla, has been reported to exhibit anti-cancer activity. However, the detailed mechanism underlying this remains to be elucidated. Methods Cell viability and cell cycle distribution were measured using a 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and flow cytometry assays, respectively. The expression of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) mRNA was measured by quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR). Western blot analysis was performed to examine the phosphorylation and protein expression of stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAPK/JNK), p65, DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) and EZH2. Exogenous expression of p65, DNMT1, and EZH2 were carried out by transient transfection assays. Promoter activity of EZH2 gene was determined using Secrete-Pair Dual Luminescence Assay Kit. A xenografted tumor model in nude mice and bioluminescent imaging system were used to further test the effect of PPI in vivo. Results We showed that PPI significantly inhibited growth and induced cell cycle arrest of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells in a dose-dependent manner. Mechanistically, we found that PPI increased the phosphorylation of SAPK/JNK, reduced protein expression of p65 and DNMT1. The inhibitor of SAPK/JNK (SP600125) blocked the PPI-inhibited p65 and DNMT1 protein expression. Interestingly, exogenously expressed p65 overcame PPI-inhibited protein expression of DNMT1. Moreover, PPI reduced EZH2 protein, mRNA, and promoter activity; overexpression of EZH2 resisted the PPI-inhibited cell growth, and intriguingly, negative feedback regulation of SAPK/JNK signaling. Finally, exogenous expression of DNMT1 antagonized the PPI-suppressed EZH2 protein expression. Consistent with this, PPI inhibited tumor growth, protein expression levels of p65, DNMT1 and EZH2, and increased phosphorylation of SAPK/JNK in vivo. Conclusion Our results show that PPI inhibits growth of NSCLC cells through SAPK/JNK-mediated inhibition of p65 and DNMT1 protein levels, subsequently; this results in the reduction of EZH2 gene expression. The interactions among p65, DNMT1 and EZH2, and feedback regulation of SAPK/JNK by EZH2 converge on the overall responses of PPI. This study reveals a novel mechanism for regulating EZH2 gene in response to PPI and suggests a new strategy for NSCLC associated therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longmei Li
- Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Targeted Therapies of TCM, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, No. 111, Dade Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China
| | - JingJing Wu
- Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Targeted Therapies of TCM, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, No. 111, Dade Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China
| | - Fang Zheng
- Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Targeted Therapies of TCM, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, No. 111, Dade Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China
| | - Qing Tang
- Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Targeted Therapies of TCM, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, No. 111, Dade Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China
| | - WanYin Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China.
| | - Swei Sunny Hann
- Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Targeted Therapies of TCM, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, No. 111, Dade Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China. .,Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China.
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